UNIT 4.

REMEMBERING THE PAST

I. VOCABULARY
Stt Word Type Pronunciation Meaning
1 ancient (adj) ˈeɪnʃənt/ cổ đại, lâu đời
2 anniversary (n) /ˌænɪˈvɜːsəri/ ngày kỉ niệm, lễ kỉ niệm
3 act out (phr.v) /ækt aʊt/ đóng vai, diễn
4 barefoot (adj/adv) /ˈbeəfʊt/ chân đất
5 craft (n) /krɑːft/ nghề thủ công
6 basic (adj) /ˈbeɪsɪk/ cơ bản
7 behave (v) /bɪˈheɪv/ đối xử, cư xử
8 castle (n) /ˈkɑːsl/ lâu đài
9 communal (adj) /kəˈmjuːnl/ của chung, thuộc cộng đồ
10 complex (n) /ˈkɒmpleks/ khu phức hợp, quần thể
11 deep-rooted (adj) /ˌdiːp ˈruːtɪd/ lâu đời, ăn sâu bén rễ
12 eat out (phr.v) /i:t aʊt/ ăn bên ngoài
13 entertain (v) /ˌentəˈteɪn/ giải trí
14 event (n) /ɪ’vent/ sự kiện
15 face to face (adv) /ˌfeɪs tə ˈfeɪs/ trực tiếp, mặt đối mặt
16 facility (n) /fəˈsɪləti/ - phương tiện, thiết bị
- điều kiện dễ dàng, điều kiện thuận lợi
17 fish and chips (n) /ˌfɪʃ ən ˈtʃɪps/ món cá kèm khoai tây chiên
18 found (v) /faʊnd/ thành lập
19 generation (n) /ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn/ thế hệ
20 monument (n) /ˈmɒnjumənt tượng đài
21 illiterate (adj) /ɪˈlɪtərət thất học, dốt nát, mù chữ
22 loudspeaker (n) /ˌlaʊdˈspiːkə(r) loa
23 observe (v) /əbˈzɜːv quan sát, theo dõ
24 occupied (adj) /ˈɒkjupaɪd/ đầy, có người đang sử dụng
25 occupy (v) /ˈɒkjupaɪ/ chiếm giữ, chiếm đóng
26 pass on (phr.v) /pɑːs ɒn/ truyền lại, kể lại
27 promote (v) /prəˈməʊt/ thúc đẩy, quảng bá
28 recognise (v) /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ công nhận, nhận ra
29 religious (adj) /rɪˈlɪdʒəs/ (thuộc) tôn giáo
30 street vendor (n) /ˈstriːt ˈvendə(r)/ người bán hàng r
31 strict (adj) /strɪkt/ nghiêm khắc, khắt khe, không khoan
dung, không ngoại lệ
32 treat (v) /tri:t/ cư xử, thiết đãi, điều trị
33 structure (n) /ˈstrʌktʃə(r)/ cấu trúc
34 takeaway (n) /ˈteɪkəweɪ/ đồ ăn bán sẵn mang về
II. WORD FORMATION
Words Related words Transcription Meaning
behave (v) behaviour (n) /bɪˈheɪvjə(r)/ thái độ, cách cư xử, cách ăn ở
đối xử, cư xử behavioural (adj) /bɪˈheɪvjərəl/ thuộc về cách cư xử
entertain (v) entertainer (n) /ˌentəˈteɪnə(r)/ - người tiếp đãi, người chiêu đãi
giải trí - người làm trò mua vui (hát, múa... ở các
hộp đêm)
entertaining (adj) /ˌentəˈteɪnɪŋ/ giải trí, vui thú, thú vị
entertainingly (adv) /ˌentəˈteɪnɪŋli/ một cách hấp dẫn, thú vị
entertainment (n) /ˌentəˈteɪnmənt/ - sự tiếp đãi; sự chiêu đãi; buổi chiêu đãi
- sự giải trí, sự tiêu khiển, sự vui chơi;
cuộc biểu diễn văn nghệ
promote (v) promotion (n) /prəˈməʊʃn sự thăng chức, sự quảng bá
thúc đẩy, promotional (adj) /prəˈməʊʃənl/ thuộc về quảng bá
quảng bá
 illiterate (adj) illiterate (n) /ɪˈlɪtərət/ người mù chữ, người thất học
thất học, dốt nát, illiteracy (n) /ɪˈlɪtərəsi/ nạn mù chữ, sự vô học, sự thất học
mù chữ illiterateness (n) /ɪˈlɪtərətnəs/ nạn mù chữ, sự vô học, sự thất học
recognise (v) recognition (n) /ˌrekəɡˈnɪʃn/ sự thừa nhận
công nhận, recognizable (adj) /ˈrekəɡnaɪzəbl có thể nhận ra, có thể thừa nhận
nhận ra recognizably (adv) /ˈrekəɡnaɪzəbli một cách có thể nhận ra
religious (adj) religion (n) /rɪˈlɪdʒən/ tôn giáo
(thuộc) tôn giáo religiously (adv) /rɪˈlɪdʒəsli/ một cách sùng đ
religiousness (n) /rɪˈlɪdʒəsnəs/ sự mộ đạ
strict (adj) strictly (adv /ˈstrɪktli/ một cách nghiêm khắc, một cách khắt kh
nghiêm khắc, strictness (n) /ˈstrɪktnəs tính nghiêm ngặt, tính nghiêm khắc,
khắt khe, không nghiêm chỉnh
khoan dung, stricture (n) /ˈstrɪktʃə(r)/ sự lên án, sự phê bình hà khắc
không ngoại lệ
treat (v) treat (n) /tri:t/ sự thiết đãi, tiệc chiêu đãi
cư xử, thiết đãi, treatment (n) /ˈtriːtmənt/ - sự điều trị, phép trị bện
điều trị - sự đối xử, đối đãi
- sự xử lý, giải quyết một vấn đề
treatable (adj) /ˈtriːtəbl/ - có thể thương lượng, có thể điều đình, có
thể dàn xếp
- có thể xử lý
- có thể điều trị, có thể chữa
IV. PRATICE
Exercise 2: Look at the photos and write down the correct words starting with with /m/ or /l/.

1. _____________________ 2. _____________________ 3. _____________________

4. _____________________ 5. _____________________ 6. _____________________

7. _____________________ 8. _____________________ 9. _____________________

 10. _____________________ 11. ____________________ 12. _____________________
Exercise 3: Match the words / phrases with their explanations.
1. magnificent A. special things from the past that are important to a place or group of people, like
traditions, buildings, and objects that show its history and identity
2. heritage B. kept in good condition or kept safe from damage for a long time
3. thanks to C. know or remember someone or something that you have seen before
4. well preserved D. a group of people bom and living around the same time, like parents, children, and
grandparents
5. occupied E. being used by someone
6. generation F. beautiful, impressive
7. takeaway G. because of, with the help of
8. structure H. give or add something to a cause, effort, or situation
9. recognise I. a thing that is made of many parts, especially a building
10. contribute K. food that you buy from a restaurant or shop to eat at home or somewhere else
Exercise 4: Complete the sentences with the words you've found in exercise 3.
1. I forgot my lunch at home, so I'll get a _________________ from the nearest restaurant.
2. The ancient ruins are _________________, so we can still see the old buildings clearly.
3. Emily didn't _________________ me because I changed my hair colour.
4. The mountain view from the top is _________________, with breathtaking scenery all around.
5. My teacher says we're the future _________________ and we need to study hard.
6. Volunteering at the local shelter is a great way to _________________ to the community.
7. We can find information quickly _________________ the Internet.
8. The museum displays artefacts that represent our country's rich _________________.
9. The study room at the library was _________________ by students studying for exams.
10. We found an old _________________ by the river that looked like a bridge.
Exercise 5: Circle the odd one out.
1. A. protect B. promote C. contribution D. observe
2. A. castle B. historic C. building D. structure
3. A. preservation B. magnificent C. beautiful D. amazing
4. A. history B. tradition C. heritage D.occupy
5. A. cultural B. festival C. national D. religious
6. A. observation B. protection C. recognition D. discover
7. A. temple B. castle C. significant D. pagoda
8. A. generation B. rebuild C. maintain D. celebrate
Exercise 6: Complete the following table
Verb Noun
1. contribute
2. protect
3. discover
4. observe
5. occupy
6. dedicate
7. preserve
8. prepare
9. present
10. invent
Exercise 7: Put the words in brackets in the correct forms.
1. People donate clothes to charity to (contribute) _________________ to helping those in need.
2. Planting trees is important for environmental (protect) _________________ because they clean the air.
3. Sharing stories and songs is a way to preserve our (culture) _________________ traditions.
4. It's easy to (recognise) _________________ my pet because of its unique markings.
5. During the trip to the zoo, I made an (observe) _________________ about how monkeys play.
6. I love exploring (history) _________________ sites to learn about different cultures and traditions.
7. Our community organises events to promote the (preserve) _________________ of local traditions.
8. The parking lot was fully (occupy) _________________, so we had to park on the street.
9. We gather around the table to enjoy a (tradition) _________________ meal on Thanksgiving.
10. Our company is offering a (promote) _________________ to encourage people to buy our new product.
Exercise 8: Choose the correct options to complete the sentences.
1. Sarah __________ a book while her brother was doing his homework.
A. was reading B. is reading C. reads D. will read
2. I __________ a new book about world history at the bookstore yesterday.
A. buy B. will buy C. was buying D. bought
3. Hoa __________ English grammar all morning to improve her skills.
A. study B. was studying C. was study D. studying
4. We __________ in the park when it suddenly started raining.
A. were walking B. are walking C. walk D. will walk
5. My mom __________ dinner at seven o'clock yesterday evening.
A. were cooking B. cooked C. is cooking D. was cooking
6. We were having a barbecue in the backyard when the neighbours __________ over.
A. were coming B. came C. come D. corned
7. The chef was cooking dinner while the waiter __________ the tables.
A. sets B. will set C. is setting D. was setting
8. We were hiking in the mountains when we __________ a deer.
A. spotted B. spot C. were spotting D. are spotting
9. I __________ on the couch and watching my favourite TV show on Netflix right now.
A. sat B. am sitting C. was sitting D. sit
10. Our team __________ hard all week because we had an important match.
A. was training B. train C. will train D. is training
11. My friends __________ around the world for years because they wanted to experience different cultures.
A. are travelling B. will travel C. were travelling D. travel
12. Kevin __________ for his final exams in his bedroom at 2 p.m. yesterday.
A. was studying B. is studying C. studied D. studies
13. They were watching a movie when the power __________ out.
A. were going B. was going C. went D. goes
14. Lan __________ at a local animal shelter three years ago.
A. volunteered B. will volunteer C. was volunteering D. volunteers
15. _____ Lisa and Rose _____ for groceries at the supermarket when you met them?
A. Was – shopping B. Were – shopping C. Are - shopping D. Do - shop
Exercise 9: Circle the correct verb form to complete each sentence.
1. My sister wishes she has /had / is having a better phone with a good camera.
2. Oscar wishes he can learn / could learn / can learned more about different cultures.
3. Tom wishes he has / had / was having a magic wand to make his wishes come true.
4. Maria wishes she visits / is visiting / visited all the famous landmarks in the world.
5. I wish I know / knowed /knew how to make a chocolate cake.
6. The kids wish they can have / can had / could have a treehouse in their backyard.
7. Does Trung wish he has /have / had more time to spend with his family?
8. Anna wishes she gets / got / gotten the chance to meet her favourite singer in person.
9. Do you wish you could travel / travelled / travelling around the world and explore different cultures?
10. Mark wishes he becomes / has become / became a professional athlete and competes / competed / is
competing in the Olympics.
Exercise 10: Choose the underlined part A, B, C or D that needs correcting.
1. Despite its age, the antique clock is well preserve and still keeps accurate time.
A. Despite B. its C. preserve D. keeps
2. We was walking home when we saw a shooting star in the sky.
A. was walking B. saw C. a D. in
3. Mai wishes she could experienced a magical adventure like in fairy tales.
A. wishes B. experienced C. like D. in
4. Companies usually use advertisements to promotion their products.
A. usually B. use C. promotion D. their
5. Toan is chatting with his friends online at 11 p.m. last night.
A. wishes B. with C. his D. at
6. My brother wishes he receives a job offer from his dream company.
A. wishes B. receives C. from D. company
7. The meeting room was occupyed, so we had to find another place to meet.
A. meeting B. occupied C. to D. another
8. I was plan my wedding for months because I wanted everything to be perfect.
A. plan B. months C. because D. to be
9. Elsa wishes she geted a surprise party for her birthday.
A. wishes B. geted C. surprise D. for
10. Astronomers use telescopes to observation distant stars and galaxies.
A. use B. observation C. distant D. and
Exercise 11. Complete the conversation with the correct word in the box.
thanks to heritage visited preserved
magnificent generations historic protect
James: Did you go to any (1) ____________________ sites while you were in Italy?
Hannah: Yes, I went to the Colosseum and it was amazing.
James: I've always wanted to see that. Was it well (2) ____________________?
Hannah: Yes, it's (3) ____________________ the efforts of many people to protect these structures for future
generations.
James: That's so important. We need to preserve our cultural (4) ____________________.
Hannah: Definitely. It's not just about looking back on history, but also understanding and appreciating different
cultures.
James: Absolutely. Where else have you been that has a lot of historic sites?
Hannah: I recently (5) ____________________ Egypt and saw the pyramids. They're incredibly ancient yet still
standing strong.
James: Wow, I can't imagine how long those have been around. People must be working hard to (6)
____________________ them too.
Hannah: Absolutely. We re lucky to be able to experience and learn from such (7) ____________________ places.
James: I agree with you. These historic sites are an essential part of our world and we need to make sure they'll be
there for future (8) ____________________ to enjoy.
Exercise 12: Read the text carefully, then do the tasks.
One of the most famous cultural heritages in Vietnam is Hoi An Ancient Town. It's a beautiful place in
central Vietnam near the Thu Bon River. Hoi An is special because it has many old buildings and streets that have
been there for hundreds of years. When you walk through the town, you feel like you're going back in time. There
are colourful lanterns everywhere, making the streets look magical, especially at night. The Japanese Bridge is one of
the most famous parts of Hoi An. It was built in the 16 th century. People come from all over the world to see it. In
Hoi An, there are also markets where you can buy all sorts of things, like clothes, souvenirs, and delicious food. The
town is like a mix of different cultures because it has been influenced by Vietnamese, Chinese, Japanese, and
European traditions. Hoi An is very important to Vietnam because it shows how people lived in the past and how
different cultures came together to create something unique. Hoi An Ancient Town was recognised by UNESCO as a
World Cultural Heritage in 1999.
A. Decide whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F).
No. Statements T or F
1. Hoi An is located in northern Viet Nam.
2. Hoi An is situated near the Mekong River.
3. Hoi An is famous for its modem buildings.
4. The architecture in Hoi An is well preserved.
5. Hoi An's streets are adorned with colourful lanterns, especially at night.
6. The Japanese Bridge in Hoi An was constructed in the 20th century.
7. Hoi An's markets offer only clothes and souvenirs, not food.
8. Hoi An structures have been influenced by Vietnamese, Chinese, Japanese,
and European cultures.
B. Read the text again and answer the questions.
1. Is Hoi An Ancient Town famous?
______________________________________________________________________________
2. Where is Hoi An Ancient Town located?
______________________________________________________________________________
3. Why is Hoi An special?
______________________________________________________________________________
4. How do visitors feel when walking through Hoi An's streets?
______________________________________________________________________________
5. When was the Japanese Bridge built?
______________________________________________________________________________
6. What can you buy in Hoi An's markets?
______________________________________________________________________________
7. Why is Hoi An important to Vietnam?
______________________________________________________________________________
8. When was Hoi An Ancient Town recognised as a World Cultural Heritage by UNESCO?
______________________________________________________________________________
Exercise 13: Read the text and choose the correct options.
Vietnamese traditions are well preserved and passed down through generations thanks to the Vietnamese
people's love for their country. They have a long history of fighting against foreign invaders, such as China and
France. This has made them very protective of their culture and traditions.
One of the most important traditions is Tet, the Lunar New Year. It takes place in January or February. The
whole country stops working for a week to celebrate. People visit their families and give each other lucky money in
red envelopes. They also clean their houses to get rid of bad luck from the old year. There are many delicious foods
to eat at Tet, such as "banh chung", which is sticky rice with pork inside, wrapped in “dong” leaves.
Another important tradition is ancestor worship. Vietnamese people believe that when someone dies, their
soul lives on and can protect the family. They have an altar in their house where they put pictures of their ancestors.
Every day, they light incense and offer food and drink to their ancestors. During Tet, they invite their ancestors'
spirits to join the celebrations. They also clean and decorate their ancestors' graves and bring them food and flowers.
1. Which countries have Vietnamese people fought against as mentioned in the text?
A. Thailand and Cambodia B. China and France
C. Japan and Korea D. Laos and Myanmar
2. When does the Lunar New Year usually take place?
A. March or April B. May or June
C. January or February D. November or December
3. Why do Vietnamese people clean their houses during Tet?
A. to get rid of bad luck from the old year B. to impress their guests
C. to earn more money D. to protect the houses
4. What do people give each other during Tet?
A. lucky money in red envelopes B. clothes and shoes
C. letters in red envelopes D. books and stationary
5. What is “banh chung” mentioned in the text?
A. sticky rice with pork inside B. beef noodle soup
C. fried chicken D. bread with sausage inside
6. Vietnamese people believe that when someone dies, their soul.
A. disappears B. dies C. vanishes D. lives on
7. What do Vietnamese people offer to their ancestors daily?
A. money B. incense, food, and drink
C. books D. diamonds
8. What do Vietnamese people bring to their ancestors' graves during Tet?
A. food and flowers B. clothes C. toys D. household appliances