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Coding Standards

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10 views

Coding Standards

Uploaded by

raviraje104
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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coding standards

1. Consistent Naming Conventions

� Variables and Functions: Use clear, descriptive names. Avoid


abbreviations unless they�re widely understood (e.g., id for identifier).
� Camel Case and Pascal Case:
� Use camelCase for variables, functions, and methods (e.g.,
calculateTotal, userAge).
� Use PascalCase for classes and constructors (e.g., UserProfile,
AccountSettings).
� Constants: Use uppercase with underscores for constants (e.g.,
MAX_ATTEMPTS, DEFAULT_TIMEOUT).

2. Comment and Document Code

� Function Comments: Describe the purpose, parameters, and return value


of functions.
� Inline Comments: Add comments in complex code sections to explain logic
or intent.
� Avoid Over-Commenting: Write self-explanatory code so that comments are
only needed for clarification.

3. Indentation and Spacing

� Consistent Indentation: Use either 2 or 4 spaces (or tabs) for


indentation across the entire codebase.
� Whitespace: Include spaces between operators (x = y + z instead of
x=y+z) and after commas for readability.
� Block Separation: Separate logical code blocks with a blank line for
visual clarity.

4. Avoid Hardcoding Values

� Use constants or configuration files to manage values that might


change, such as URLs, paths, and settings.
� Helps avoid errors when changes are required and enhances code
readability.

5. Write Modular Code

� Function Size: Limit functions to a single responsibility. If a


function grows too large, break it into smaller, reusable functions.
� DRY Principle: �Don�t Repeat Yourself��avoid duplicate code by creating
reusable functions or classes.

6. Error Handling and Logging

� Error Handling: Implement try-catch blocks in languages that support it


to manage exceptions gracefully.
� Logging: Log errors, warnings, and important events to help in
debugging and monitoring. Avoid printing sensitive information in logs.

7. Follow Language-Specific Guidelines

� JavaScript/TypeScript: Avoid using var; prefer const and let for block
scope.
� Python: Follow PEP 8 standards, especially for indentation, imports,
and naming.
� Java: Follow Oracle�s code conventions, especially for file structure,
naming, and access modifiers.

8. Optimize for Readability

� Avoid Deep Nesting: Deeply nested code can become hard to read.
Refactor to reduce nesting.
� Use Descriptive Variable Names: Avoid single-character names (except in
loops like i), and be descriptive to clarify their purpose.

9. Maintain Code Consistency

� Single Coding Style: Follow one consistent coding style throughout the
project to make it easier to read and maintain.
� Linting and Formatting Tools: Use tools like ESLint, Prettier, or Black
(for Python) to automatically format code consistently.

10. Unit Testing

� Write Tests: Ensure your code is covered by unit tests, especially


critical functions and logic.
� Maintain Test Coverage: Aim to write tests that cover as many edge
cases as possible, helping prevent bugs and regressions.

11. Avoid Magic Numbers

� Named Constants: Replace numbers with named constants to make code more
understandable (e.g., MAX_USERS = 100 instead of just using 100 in the code).
� Helps to convey the purpose of values and allows for easier updates if
values change.

12. Avoid Global Variables

� Scope Control: Keep variables scoped to where they�re needed. Avoid


using global variables that can create conflicts and bugs.
� Encapsulation: Wrap related variables and functions within classes or
modules.

13. Consistent Code Review Standards

� Code Review: Establish a code review process to ensure all code meets
the team�s standards.
� Feedback Process: Provide constructive feedback that aims at improving
code quality without personal criticism.

14. Version Control Practices

� Meaningful Commit Messages: Write concise, descriptive messages for


each commit.
� Small, Frequent Commits: Make small commits that address a single
change, making it easier to trace issues.
� Branch Naming: Use descriptive branch names based on the purpose (e.g.,
feature/login, bugfix/header-fix).

15. Maintain a Clean File Structure

� Organize Files: Group related files into folders based on functionality


or type (e.g., components, services, models).
� Naming Conventions: Use consistent naming conventions for folders and
files.

16. Refactor Code Regularly

� Refactoring: Regularly review and refactor code to simplify it, improve


readability, and remove obsolete code.
� Eliminate Dead Code: Remove unused variables, functions, or code that
no longer serves a purpose.

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