REVISED IMPLEMENTING Rule

AND REGULATIONS OF RA 9514

KNOWN AS THE FIRE CODE OF
THE PHILLIPINES OF 2008
REVISED IMPLEMENTING Rule AND
REGULATIONS

Rule 10
fire safety measures
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 2 CHAPTER 3

Interpretation Coverage Definition of Terms

CHAPTER 4 CHAPTER 5
Fire Brigades, Fire Volunteer
Fire Code Technical Staff Organizations and Fire Safety
Practitioners
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CHAPTER 2. FIRE SAFETY IN BUILDINGS, STRUCTURES AND FACILITIES

DIVISION 1. SCOPE

C. Nothing in this Rule is intended to prevent the use of new methods or

devices, provided sufficient technical data are submitted to demonstrate that
the new method or device is equivalent in quality, strength, fire resistance,
effectiveness, durability, and safety to that prescribed by this Rule.
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DIVISION 2. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

J. Required Fire Safety Programs/Measures

3. xxxx. When all condominium units have been sold, responsibility for fire safety
measures in the common areas such as the means of egress, utilities, building
equipment/system and the building as a whole, shall devolve jointly upon all
individual unit owners, occupants and building administrators.

M. Cooking equipment shall be protected by automatic kitchen hood fire suppression in

accordance with internationally recognized standards.
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DIVISION 3. CLASSIFICATION OF OCCUPANCY

A. A building or structure, or portion of buildings or structure, shall be

classified as follows:

1. Assembly

a. Assembly occupancies include, but are not limited to, all buildings or
portions o buildings 1) used for gathering fifty (50) or more persons
for such purposes as deliberation, worship, entertainment, eating,
drinking, amusement, awaiting transportation, or similar uses; and 2)
used as special amusement buildings.
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3. Day Care

a. Day care occupancies include buildings, or portions thereof, in

which four (4) or more clients receive care, maintenance, and
supervision, by other than their relatives or legal guardians, for less
than twenty-four (24) hours per day.

b. Day care occupancies include adult day care centers, except where
part of health care occupancies; child day care centers; day care
homes; kindergarten classes that are incidental to a child day care
occupancy; and nursery schools

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4. Health Care

a. Health care facilities are those used for purposes of medical or other
treatment or care of persons, where such occupants are mostly
incapable of self-preservation because of age, physical or mental
disability, or because of security measures not under the occupants’
control.

b. Health care facilities include hospitals, nursing homes, and birth

centers.

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5. Residential Board and Care

a. Residential board and care buildings are those used for lodging and boarding
of four (4) or more residents, not related by blood or marriage to the owners
or operators, for the purpose of providing personal care services.

b. Residential Board and Care include:

1) Group housing arrangement for physically or mentally handicapped persons
who normally attend school in the community, attend worship in the
community, or otherwise use community facilities.

2) Group housing arrangement for physically or mentally handicapped persons

who are undergoing training in preparation for independent living, for paid
employment, or for other normal community activities.
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3) Group housing arrangement for the elderly that provides personal care services
but that does not provide nursing care.

4) Facilities for social rehabilitation, alcoholism, drug abuse, or mental health

problems that contain a group housing arrangement and that provide personal
care services but do not provide acute care.

5) Assisted living facilities.

6) Other group housing arrangements that provide personal care services but not
nursing care.

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6. Detention and Correctional

b. Detention and correctional occupancies shall include those used for

purposes such as adult correctional institutions, adult or youth
detention facilities, adult community residential centers, adult work
camps, youth rehabilitation center, and adult and juvenile substance
abuse centers, and other similar facilities where occupants are
confined or housed under some degree of restraint or security.

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9. Business

b. Included in this occupancy group are offices for lawyers, doctors,

dentists and other professionals, general offices, city/municipal
halls, business process outsourcing (BPO), call centers, internet
shops, massage parlors, beauty parlors, barbershops of less than
fifty (50) occupants, and court houses.

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13. Special Structures

This class of occupancy includes buildings or structures which cannot
be properly classified in any of the preceding occupancy groups. Such
special buildings and structures shall conform to the fundamental
guidelines provided for in Division 2 and to any specific provisions
applicable thereto in Division 19 both of this Chapter.

B. In case of conflict as to the type or classification of occupancy, the

same shall be determined by the C/MFM having jurisdiction.

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DIVISION 5. MEANS OF EGRESS

C. Capacity of Means of Egress

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D. Occupant Load

1. The total capacity of means of egress for any floor, balcony, tier, or other
occupied space shall be sufficient for the occupant load thereof, and shall not
be less than the number computed by dividing the floor area assigned to that
use by the occupant load factor in accordance with the requirements of
Divisions 8 through 20 of this Chapter for individual occupancies. The
occupant load in any building or portion thereof shall be the maximum
number of persons that may be in the space at any time, as determined by the
C/MFM having jurisdiction.

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2. Where exits serve more than one (1) floor, only the occupant load of each floor
considered individually need be used in computing the capacity of the exits of
that floor; provided, that exit capacity shall not be decreased in the direction of
exit travel. When means of egress from the floor above and below converge at
an intermediate floor, the capacity of the means of egress from the point of
convergence shall not be less than the sum of the two (2).

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M. Discharge from Exits

1. All exits shall terminate directly at a public way or at an exterior exit discharge.
Yards, courts, open space, or other portions of the exit discharge shall be of
required width and size to provide all occupants with a safe access to a public
way, and be in accordance with NFPA 101, Life Safety Code with respect to
changes in elevation, stairs, ramps, or keeping means of egress free from
obstruction. Means of egress shall be permitted to terminate in an exterior area
for detention and correctional occupancies as otherwise provided in NFPA
101.

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3. Stairs and other exits shall be so arranged as to make clear the direction of
egress to the street.

a. An exit from the upper storey’s in which the direction of egress travel is
generally downward should not be arranged so that it is necessary to
change to travel in an upward direction at any point before discharging
to the outside. A similar prohibition of reversal of the vertical
component of travel should be applied to exits from storeys below the
floor of exit discharge. However, an exception is permitted in the case of
stairs used in connection with overhead or under floor exit passageways
that serve the street floor only.

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b. Exit stairs that continue beyond the floor of discharge shall be

interrupted at the floor of discharge by partitions, doors, or other
effective means. Stairs and ramps that continue more than a half (1/2)
storey beyond the level of discharge shall be provided with an
approved means to prevent or dissuade occupants from traveling past
the level of discharge during emergency building evacuation.

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6. The exit discharge shall be so arranged to meet the remoteness criteria in NFPA 101,
and marked to make clear the direction of egress travel from the exit discharge to a
public way.

a. The entire area on the level of discharge shall be separated from areas below
by construction having a fire resistance rating not less than that required for
the exit enclosure.

b. Levels below the level of discharge in an atrium shall be permitted to be open

to the level of discharge where such level of discharge is protected.

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SECTION 10.2.5.6 HORIZONTAL EXITS

B. Egress from Area of Refuge

1. Every fire compartment allowed in connection with a horizontal exit shall

have in addition to the horizontal exit or exits at least one (1) stairway or
doorway leading outside, or other standard exit. Any fire section not having
a stairway or doorway leading outside shall be considered as part of an
adjoining section with stairway.

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SECTION 10.2.5.10 FIRE ESCAPE STAIRS, LADDERS, AND SLIDE ESCAPES

A. Fire Escape Stairs

1. General

b. Fire escape shall provide a continuous unobstructed safe path of travel to

the ground or other area of refuge to which they lead. All stairs leading to
an adjoining roof, which shall be clearly indicated with appropriate
signage, shall be provided with handrails. Where a single means of
egress consists of a combination of inside stairs and fire escape stairs,
each shall comply with the applicable provision of this Chapter, and the
two shall be so arranged and connected as to provide a continuous safe
path of travel.
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B. Fire Escape Ladders

1. Application
No form of ladder shall be used as a fire escape under the provisions of this Chapter,
except those ladders conforming to paras B.2 and B.3 below may be used in single
and two -family dwellings and residential apartments of not more than three (3)
storey provided that the height shall not exceed nine meters (9 m); in elevated
platforms around machinery or similar spaces subject to occupancy by not more
than three (3) able-bodied adults; and as a means of escape to unoccupied roof
spaces from boiler rooms, grain elevators and towers as permitted by Division 18
and 20 of this Chapter. For purposes of this Subsection, mezzanine floors shall be
counted as ordinary floor.
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SECTION 10.2.5.12 EXIT MARKING

A. Signs

6. Directional Sign Requirements. The sign shall have a height of three

hundred millimeters (300 mm) to six hundred millimeters (600 mm)
from the floor to the line of vision and shall have a narrow width of
seventy-six millimeters (76 mm) painted on the wall by a
photoluminescent paint or any equivalent material with
photo-luminescent characteristic pointing to the direction of the exit.

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SECTION 10.2.5.13 EMERGENCY EVACUATION PLAN

A. An emergency evacuation plan shall be posted on strategic and conspicuous locations in

the building containing the following basic information:
1. “You Are Here/ room number/
building” Marking
2. Fire Exits
3. Primary Route to Exit (Nearest to
the viewer)
4. Secondary Route to Exit (Second
nearest to the viewer)
5. Fire alarm pull stations and
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C. It shall conform with the standard design format provided in this RIRR with the minimum
dimension of:

1. Two hundred fifteen and nine tenths millimeters (215.9 mm) height by three hundred
thirty and two tenths millimeters (330.2 mm) width if mounted on every rooms/spaces
with fifty square meters (50 m2) floor area and below;

2. Four hundred fifty-seven and two tenths millimeters (457.2 mm) height by six
hundred nine and six tenths millimeters (609.6 mm) width if mounted on
rooms/spaces fifty-one square meters (51 m2) to one hundred fifty square meters (150
m2) floor area including building lobbies upon entry, elevator lobbies at every floor,
hallways and corridors on every bend/corner or at every fifteen meters (15 m) interval
in the case of long hallways; or
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3. Six hundred nine and six tenths millimeters (609.6 mm) height by nine hundred
fourteen and four tenths millimeters (914.4 mm) width if mounted on rooms/spaces
one hundred fifty-one square meters (151 m2) floor area and above provided that it
shall be mounted on multiple locations within the open space such as upon entry to
the building, areas of assembly, or at every twenty-five meters (25 m) interval in the
case of auditoriums and gymnasiums.

D. Symbols/icons/logos to be used for the marking shall be in accordance with NFPA 170,
Standard for Signs and Symbols.

E. The wall mounted maps shall be oriented to correspond to the actual floor layout as
perceived by the viewer.

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DIVISION 6. FEATURES OF FIRE PROTECTION

SECTION 10.2.6.1 CONSTRUCTION AND COMPARTMENTATION

C. The design and construction of fire walls and fire barrier that are required to separate the
buildings or subdivide d the building to prevent the spread of fire shall comply with
Section 602, Fire Resistive Standards of the latest edition of NBCP, and NFPA 5000,
Building Construction and Safety Code.

D. In high rise buildings and healthcare occupancy building, a quality assurance program
for devices and systems installed to protect penetration and joints shall be conducted by
an approved inspection agency in accordance with American Society for Testing and
Materials (ASTM) E2393, Standard Practice for On-Site Inspection of Installed Fire
Resistive Joint Systems and Perimeter Fire Barriers.
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E. Required fire resistive construction, including fire barriers, fire wall, exterior walls due
to location on property, fire resistive requirements based on type of construction,
draft-stop partition, and roof coverings shall be maintained and shall be immediately
repaired, restored or replaced where damaged, altered, breached, penetrated, removed
or improperly installed.

F. Fire-rated gypsum wallboard for walls or ceiling that are damaged to the extent that
openings exist shall be replaced or returned to the required level of fire resistance using
a listed repair system or using materials and methods equivalent to the original
construction.

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SECTION 10.2.6.2 FIRE DOORS

A. Any fire door installed in accordance with the requirements of this Chapter shall be in
accordance with NFPA 80, Standard for Fire Doors and other Opening Protectives.
The fire resistance rating of any fire door shall be as measured in accordance with the
appropriate internationally accepted standards. Each fire door shall be appropriate for
the location in which it is installed.

C. The owner or his/her authorized representative shall be responsible for the annual
inspection and testing of doors and its assembly and automatic closing doors. Hardware
shall be examined and other defective parts of its assembly shall be replaced
immediately with the same fire rating and mechanism. Reports shall be included in
FSMR.
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SECTION 10.2.6.3 SMOKE PARTITIONS

D. Where door assemblies are required elsewhere in this RIRR to be smoke leakage-rated/
smoke proof, door assemblies shall comply with the following:

1. They shall be tested in accordance with acceptable and approved local and
international standards.

2. Door assemblies shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 105, Standard for the
Installation of Smoke Door Assemblies and Other Opening Protectives.

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SECTION 10.2.6.5 PROTECTION OF VERTICAL OPENING AND COMBUSTIBLE CONCEALED SPACES

B. Special Provisions for Escalator Openings

Any escalator shall have its floor opening enclosed or protected as required for
other vertical openings; except in buildings completely protected by approved
supervised sprinkler system in accordance with Section 10.2.6.7 of this RIRR.
Escalator opening may be protected by any one of the methods, as described in
para “C” through “E” below.

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C. Sprinkler Vent Method

5. Any fan or duct used in connection with an automatic exhaust system shall be
installed and maintained in accordance with the latest editions of Philippine
Mechanical Engineering Code (PMEC) and Philippine Electrical Code (PEC), or
other approved engineering practice.

F. Fire Stopping

3. Penetrations for cables, cable trays, conduits, pipes, tubes, combustion vents and
exhaust vents, wires, and similar items to accommodate electrical, mechanical,
plumbing, and communications systems that pass through a wall, floor, or
floor/ceiling assembly constructed as a fire barrier shall be protected by a fire
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G. Atriums

Unless prohibited by Divisions 8 through 20 of this Chapter, an atrium shall be permitted,

provided that all of the following conditions are met:

1. The atrium is separated from the adjacent spaces by fire barriers with not less than
one (1) hour fire resistance rating, with protective openings for corridor walls,
unless the following are met:

a. The requirement of para 1 above shall not apply to existing buildings with
atrium that are compliant with the provisions of the previous IRR of RA 9514,
provided that no changes or renovation has been made thereat.
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b. Any number of levels of the building shall be permitted to open directly to the
atrium without enclosure, based on the results of the engineering analysis required
in para 5 below but health care occupancies prohibit the open floors addressed
from involving patient sleeping and treatment rooms. Thus, there would need to
be, at a minimum, a smoke-resisting membrane, such as a glass window, between
the patient room and the atrium space.

c. Glass walls and inoperable windows shall be permitted in lieu of the fire barriers
where all the following are met:

1) Automatic sprinklers are spaced along both sides of the glass wall and the
inoperable windows at intervals not to exceed one and eighty-three
hundredths meters (1.83 m).
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2) The automatic sprinklers specified in para 1 above are located at a distance

from the glass wall not to exceed three hundred five millimeters (305 mm)
and arranged so that the entire surface of the glass is wet upon operation of
the sprinklers.

3) The glass wall is of tempered, wired, or laminated glass held in place by a

gasket system that allows the glass framing system to deflect without
breaking (loading) the glass before the sprinklers operate.

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4) The automatic sprinklers required by para 1 above are not required on the
atrium side of the glass wall and the inoperable window where there is no
walkway or other floor area on the atrium side above the main floor level.

5) Doors in the glass walls are of glass or other material that resists the passage of
smoke.

6) Doors in the glass walls are self-closing or automatic-closing upon detection of

smoke.

7) The glass is continuous vertically, without horizontal mullions, window

treatments, or other obstructions that would interfere with the wetting of the
entire glass surface.
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2. Access to exits and exit discharge are permitted to be within the atrium.

3. The occupancy within the atrium meets the specifications for classification as low or
ordinary hazard contents.

4. The entire building is protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic

sprinkler system in accordance with Section 10.2.6.7 of this RIRR.

5. An engineering analysis is performed that demonstrates that the building is designed

to keep the smoke layer interface above the highest unprotected opening to adjoining
spaces, or one and eighty-three hundredths meters (1.83 m) above the highest floor
level of exit access open to the atrium, for a period equal to one and a half (1.5) times
the calculated egress time or twenty (20) minutes, whichever is greater.
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6. For other than existing, previously approved smoke control systems, where an
engineered smoke control system is installed to meet the requirements of para “G”
of this Section, the system is independently activated by each of the following:
a. Upon actuation of the required automatic sprinkler system within the atrium or
areas open to the atrium.
b. Manual controls that are readily accessible to the BFP.

7. Dangerous concentrations of smoke are promptly removed from the atrium, and the
exhaust system designed in accordance with NFPA 92, Standard for Smoke Control
Systems.

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8. Sprinklers are closely spaced with a maximum spacing of one and eighty-three
hundredths meters (1.83 m) on the center, provided that it can be shown that the
glass can be wet by the sprinklers using a given discharge rate, and that the one
and eighty-three hundredths meters (1.83 m) spacing is not exceeded.

9. The engineering analysis should include the following elements:

a. Fire dynamics, including the following:
1) Fire size and location
2) Materials likely to be burning
3) Fire plume geometry
4) Fire plume or smoke layer impact on means of egress
5) Tenability conditions during the period of occupant egress
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b. Response and performance of building systems, including passive barriers,

automatic detection and extinguishing, and smoke control
c. Response time required for building occupants to reach building exits, including
any time required to exit through the atrium as permitted by para “G” of this
Section.

10. Zoning of the activation functions of ventilation system by manual fire alarms,
extinguishing systems, and detection systems is required such that ventilation
system operates only when actually needed.

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SECTION 10.2.6.9 PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS

E. Fire Extinguisher General Requirements

1. The classification of fire extinguishers shall consist of a letter that indicates the class
of fire on which a fire extinguisher has been found to be effective, preceded by a
rating number (applicable to Class A and Class B only) that indicates the relative
extinguishing effectiveness. Fire extinguishers classified for use on Class C and
Class D hazards shall not be required to have a number preceding the classification
letter.

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DIVISION 7. BUILDING SERVICES EQUIPMENT

SECTION 10.2.7.1 UTILITIES

C. Cooking equipment shall be protected by automatic kitchen hood fire suppression system
in accordance with NFPA 96, Standard for Ventilation Control and Fire Protection of
Commercial Cooking Operations and NFPA 17A, Standard for Wet Chemicals
Extinguishing System, except in the following:

1. Restaurants and similar establishments with an occupant load of less than fifty (50)
persons (classified under mercantile occupancy) which could include, but not be
limited to, fast foods, carinderias, food stalls, food trucks, food counters that use the
following cooking equipment:

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a. Outdoor equipment;
b. Portable equipment; and/or
c. Equipment used only for food warming.

2. Restaurants that use small cooking appliances and do not have kitchen hoods and
exhaust ducting systems.

D. Electronics and telecommunications equipment and installation shall be in accordance

with the Philippine Electronics Code or NFPA 76, Standard for the Fire Protection of
Telecommunications Facilities.

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SECTION 10.2.7.3 SMOKE CONTROL SYSTEMS

A. Smoke control systems shall be provided in the following:

1. All high rise buildings through the pressurization of all stairwells, at least one (1)
elevator shaft, zoned smoke control, and vestibule, as component of smoke proof
enclosures;

2. Pressurization of smoke refuge area;

3. Every atrium of covered malls of over two (2) levels and every atrium of other
occupancies by Divisions 8 through 20 of this Chapter of over three (3) levels by
means of a smoke extraction/exhaust system, which is compliant with the stated
conditions of atrium in para “G” of Section 10.2.6.5 of this RIRR in addition to the
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communicating floor levels in para A.2 of Section 10.2.6.5 of this RIRR. In case there
is another atrium or other succeeding multiple atriums in alternate vertical pattern in
the building, it shall have a Smoke Extraction/Exhaust System on each atrium of over
one (1) level and shall also comply with the stated conditions of atrium in para “G” of
Section 10.2.6.5 of this RIRR. Otherwise, two (2) levels atrium of covered malls and
two (2)/three (3) levels atrium of other building occupancies shall have at least a
natural smoke vent suitable for covered area of atrium, in addition to the stated
conditions for protection of vertical openings of communicating floor levels in para
A.2 of Section 10.2.6.5 of this RIRR;

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4. Underground structures and windowless facilities in accordance with the provisions

in Section 10.2.19.10 of this RIRR. In addition, every windowless storey or
basement shall have at least a Smoke Venting Facility in accordance with this
Section. In cases where windowless storey or basement is in the high-rise or
building with smoke refuge area or atrium, it shall also comply with the provisions
of paras 1, 2 and 3 above;

5. All means of egress serving a smoke-protected assembly seating area shall have
smoke-actuated ventilation facilities or natural ventilation designed to maintain the
level of smoke of not less than one thousand eight hundred thirty millimeters
(1,830 mm) above the floor of the means of egress. The ventilation system shall be
in accordance with NFPA 92;
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6. All movie houses pursuant to Section 10.2.8.2 of this RIRR; and

7. All other buildings or structures with at least one thousand one hundred fifteen
square meters (1,115 m2) single floor area.

B. The design, installation, operation and on-going periodic testing of smoke control
systems to the above-mentioned areas of building/structure/facility shall be in
accordance with the latest edition of the latest edition of PMEC and NFPA 92, NFPA
204, Standard for Smoke and Heat Venting.

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C. Documentation Required.

1. Detailed design plans, report, and specifications signed and sealed by a PME shall be
generated and approved by C/MFM having jurisdiction before issuance of FSEC or
Installation Clearance; and
2. Operations and maintenance manual requirement before issuance of FSIC for
Certificate of Occupancy/Business Permit, signed and sealed by the PME.

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D. The detailed design, plans, report, specifications shall provide documents with the
following elements, if applicable:
1. System purpose
2. System design objectives
3. Design approach
4.Design assumptions (building height, ambient conditions, reliance on other fire protection systems,
leakage, etc.)
5. Location of smoke zone(s)
6. Design pressure differences
7. Building use limitations that arise out of the system design
8. Design calculations
9. Fan and duct specifications
10. Damper specifications

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E. Newly installed smoke-control systems shall be inspected by the C/MFM having

jurisdiction and its acceptance testing shall be performed by a third party in accordance
with the criteria established in the approved system design documents, and operations
and maintenance manual.

F. The operations and maintenance manual shall provide the requirements to ensure the
proper operation of the system over the life of the building. The building administrator/
owner shall be responsible for all system testing and shall maintain records of all
periodic testing and maintenance in accordance with the operations and maintenance
manual which shall include the following:

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1. The procedure used in the initial commissioning of the system, as well as the measured
performance of the system at the time of commissioning;
2.The testing and inspection requirements for the system and system components and the
required frequency of testing;
3. The critical design assumptions used in the design and limitations on the building and
its use that arise out of the design assumptions and limitations;
4. The purpose of the smoke control system;
5. Operational testing of the smoke-control systems shall be in accordance with NFPA 92,
and shall include all equipment related to the system including, but not limited to,
initiating devices, fans, dampers, controls, doors, and windows;
6. An approved written schedule for such operational tests shall be established with the
periodic inspection of the C/MFM having
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7. Test records shall be maintained in the premises and must indicate the date of such
testing, the qualified service personnel, and any corrective measures needed or taken;
8. All smoke-control systems and devices shall be maintained in a reliable operating
condition and shall be replaced or repaired where defective;
9. The C/MFM having jurisdiction shall be notified when any smoke-control system is out
of service for more than four (4) hours in a twenty-four hour (24-hr) period and again
upon restoration of service of such systems; and
10. The C/MFM having jurisdiction shall require the building to be evacuated or an
approved fire watch to be provided for all portions left unprotected by the fire
protection/smoke control system shutdown until the fire protection system has been
returned to service.
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SECTION 10.2.7.4 RUBBISH CHUTES, LAUNDRY CHUTES, AND FLUE-FED INCINERATORS

A. Every chute and incinerator flue shall be enclosed and the openings therein shall be
protected in accordance with paras A.1 and A.3 of Section 10.2.6.5 of this RIRR,
respectively. In new construction, inlet openings serving chutes shall open only to a
room that is designed and used exclusively for accessing the chute opening. Rubbish
chutes and laundry chutes shall be permitted to open into rooms not exceeding
thirty-seven square meters (37 m2) that are used for storage, provided that the rooms
are protected by automatic sprinklers.

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SECTION 10.2.7.6 FIRE SAFETY CLEARANCES

A. All equipment/utilities/facilities mentioned in this Division, especially for stand-alone

equipment, shall not be installed without first securing an installation clearance from
the C/MFM having jurisdiction. This installation clearance shall be a prerequisite for
the issuance of permits required by law for these installations.

B. Installation clearance, which is a prerequisite for issuance of permits shall be required

in all fire protection and warning systems in this RIRR.

C. For installations covered by FSEC, installation clearance shall no longer be required.

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DIVISION 8. PLACES OF ASSEMBLY

SECTION 10.2.8.1 OCCUPANT LOAD

E. Every room constituting a place of assembly and not having fixed seats shall have
the occupant load of the room posted in a conspicuous place near the main exit
from the room. Approved signages shall be maintained in legible manner. Signs
shall be durable and shall indicate the number of occupants permitted for each
room.

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SECTION 10.2.8.2 EXIT DETAILS

H. Seating, Aisles and Railings

1. Seating

a. The aisle access way between rows of seating shall have a clear width of not
less than three hundred five millimeters (305 mm) and this minimum shall
be increased by seven and six tenths millimeters (7.6 mm) for every seat
over a total of fourteen (14) but shall not exceed five hundred sixty
millimeters (560 mm);

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b. Rows of seating served by the aisles of doorways at both ends shall not
exceed one hundred (100) seats per row;
c. Rows of seating served by an aisle or doorway at one end only shall have a
path of travel not exceeding nine meters (9 m) in length, measured from the
farthest seat to an aisle

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SECTION 10.2.8.8 PROTECTION

E. Extinguishing Requirement

1. The following assembly occupancies with occupant load of one hundred fifty (150)
persons or more shall be protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic
sprinkler system:
a. bars with live entertainment;
b. dance halls;
c. discotheques; and
d. assembly occupancies with festival seating.

2. Buildings containing assembly occupancies with occupant load of more than three
hundred (300) persons shall be protected by an approved, supervised automatic
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3. The provisions of paras 1 and 2 above shall not apply to assembly occupancy
with all sides open and places of worship at the level of exit discharge with
sufficient means of egress.

F. Smoke Management
Public assembly buildings, structures or facilities with more than fourteen (14)
seats shall be provided with smoke management system in such a way that the
atmosphere shall not induce more than the acceptable limit by volume of the
contaminated atmosphere emanating from the fire area

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SECTION 10.2.8.10 EMERGENCY EVACUATION PLAN AND OCCUPANT LOAD CAPACITY

A. Emergency evacuation plan, in accordance with Section 10.2.5.13 of this RIRR, shall
be submitted to the C/MFM having jurisdiction. Such plan shall also include the
capacity and location of the exit ways and aisles, and shall be displayed prominently in
the premises.

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DIVISION 9. EDUCATIONAL OCCUPANCIES

I. Dead-End Corridors
Dead end corridors shall not exceed six meters (6m).
SECTION 10.2.9.5 PROTECTION
E. Automatic Fire Suppression System
1. Every portion of educational buildings below the floor of exit discharge, being utilized as
classroom or laboratory, shall be protected with approved, supervised sprinkler system
in accordance with Section 10.2.6.7 of this RIRR:
a. throughout the storey containing the classroom or laboratory; and
b. at the level of exit discharge
2. When the building is classified as high rise it shall be completely protected by approved,
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DIVISION 10. DAY CARE OCCUPANCIES

SECTION 10.2.10.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

A. The requirements of this Section shall apply to day care occupancies in which more than
twelve (12) clients receive care, maintenance, and supervision by other than their relative(s) or
legal guardian(s) for less than twenty-four (24) hours per day.

B. The requirements of Sections 10.2.10.1, 10.2.10.4, 10.2.10.7 and 10.2.10.8 of this RIRR shall
apply to day care homes.

C. Where a facility houses more than one age group, the strictest requirements applicable to any
group present shall apply throughout the day care occupancy or building, as appropriate to a
given area, unless the area housing such a group is maintained as a separate fire area.
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D. Places of religious worship shall not be required to meet the provisions of this Section where
operating a day care home while services are being held in the building.

E. No day care center shall be located below the level of exit discharge.

SECTION 10.2.10.2 OCCUPANT LOAD

The occupant load, in number of persons for whom means of egress and other provisions
are required, either shall be one (1) person for every three and three tenths square meters
(3.3 m2) or shall be determined as the maximum probable population of the space under
consideration, whichever is greater.

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SECTION 10.2.10.3 EXIT DETAILS

A. General Requirements

The means of egress of day care occupancies shall comply with Section 10.2.5.2 of this
RIRR and this Section.

B. Permissible Exit Components Components of means of egress for day care occupancies
shall be limited to the following types:

1. Doors
2. Stairs and Smoke-proof Enclosures
3. Horizontal Exits
4. Ramps
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C. Capacity of Means of Egress

Capacity of means of egress shall be in accordance with para “C” of Section 10.2.5.2 of
this RIRR.

D. Number of Means of Egress

The number of means of egress for day care occupancies shall be in accordance with para
“G” of Section 10.2.5.2 of this RIRR and this Section.

E. Arrangement of Means of Egress

1. Means of egress shall be arranged in accordance with para “H” of Section 10.2.5.2 of
this RIRR.
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2. No dead-end corridor shall exceed six meters (6 m), other than in buildings protected
throughout by an approved, supervised automatic sprinklers, in which case dead-end
corridors shall not exceed ten meters (10 m).

3. Common path of travel shall not exceed twenty meters (20 m) in a building protected
throughout by an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system and ten meters (10
m) in a building not protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic
sprinkler system.

F. Travel Distance to Exits

1. Travel distance shall be measured in accordance with para “J” of Section 10.2.5.2 of
this RIRR.
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2. Travel distance shall meet all of the following criteria, unless otherwise permitted by para
3 hereof:

a. The travel distance between any room door intended as an exit access and an exit
shall not exceed fifteen meters (15 m).

b. The travel distance between any point in a room and an exit shall not exceed
twenty-three meters (23 m).

c. The travel distance between any point in a sleeping room and an exit access door in
that room shall not exceed fifteen meters (15 m).

3. The travel distance required by paras 2.a and 2.b above shall be permitted to be increased
by fifteen meters (15 m) in buildings protected throughout by an approved, supervised
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G. Discharge from Exits
Discharge from exits shall be arranged in accordance with Section 10.2.5.2 of this
RIRR.

H. Illumination of Means of Egress

1. Means of egress shall be illuminated in accordance with Section 10.2.5.11 of this

RIRR.

2. Emergency lighting shall be provided in the following areas:

a. Interior stairs and corridors
b. Assembly use spaces
c. Flexible and open-plan buildings
d. Interior or limited access portions of buildings
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SECTION 10.2.10.4 WINDOWS FOR RESCUE

Every room or space normally subject to client occupancy, other than bathrooms, shall have
not less than one (1) outside window for emergency rescue that complies with all of the
following:
A.Such windows shall be openable from the inside without the use of tools and shall provide a
clear opening of not less than five hundred sixty millimeters (560 mm) in width and eight
hundred millimeters (800 mm) in height.
B. The bottom of the opening shall be not more than eight hundred twenty millimeters (820 mm)
above the floor.
C. The clear opening shall allow a rectangular solid, with a width and height that provide not less
than the required five tenths square meter (0.5 m2) opening and a depth of not less than five
hundred
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SECTION 10.2.10.5 MANDATORY RAMP REQUIREMENT

For day care centers with non-ambulatory residents of at least twelve (12), a ramp
complying with Section 10.2.5.7 of this RIRR shall be provided.

SECTION 10.2.10.6 PROTECTION

A.Vertical Openings

1. Any vertical opening, other than unprotected vertical openings in accordance with para 2
hereof, shall be enclosed or protected in accordance with Section 10.2.6.5 of this RIRR.

2. Unenclosed vertical openings not concealed within the building construction shall be permitted
as follows:
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a. Such openings shall connect not more than two (2) adjacent storeys (one (1) floor
pierced only).
b. Such openings shall be separated from unprotected vertical openings serving other
floors by a barrier.
c. Such openings shall be separated from corridors.

B. Detection, Alarm and Communication Systems

1. Day care occupancies shall be provided with an automatic fire detection and alarm system
in accordance with Section 10.2.6.6 of this RIRR, except day care occupancies housed in
one room having at least one (1) door opening directly to the outside at grade plane or to an
exterior exit access balcony.

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2. A smoke detection system shall be installed in day care occupancies, other than those
housed in one (1) room having at least one (1) door opening directly to the outside at grade
plane or to an exterior exit access, and such system shall comply with both of the
following:

a. Detectors shall be installed on each storey in front of the doors to the stairways and in
the corridors of all floors occupied by the day care occupancy.

b. Detectors shall be installed in lounges, recreation areas, and sleeping rooms in the day
care occupancy.

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C. Extinguishing Requirements
1. Buildings with unprotected openings, up to five (5) communicating floor levels not
considered as a high rise building, shall be protected throughout by an approved, supervised
automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 10.2.6.7 of this RIRR.

2. Portable fire extinguishers shall also be provided pursuant to Section 10.2.6.9 of this RIRR.

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D. Hazardous Areas
Rooms or spaces for the storage, processing, or use of materials specified in paras 1
through 3 below shall be protected in accordance with the following:
1. Separation from the remainder of the building by fire barriers having a minimum one (1)
hour fire resistance rating or protection of such rooms by automatic extinguishing systems
in the following areas:
a. Boiler and furnace rooms, unless such rooms enclose only air-handling equipment;
b. Rooms or spaces used for the storage of combustible supplies in quantities deemed
hazardous by the C/MFM having jurisdiction;
c. Rooms or spaces used for the storage of hazardous materials or flammable or
combustible liquids in quantities deemed hazardous by recognized standards; and
d. Janitor closets.

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2. Separation from the remainder of the building by fire barriers having a minimum of one
(1) hour fire resistance rating and protection of such rooms by automatic extinguishing
systems in the following areas:

a. Laundry rooms;
b. Maintenance shops, including woodworking and painting areas;
c. Rooms or spaces used for processing or use of combustible supplies deemed
hazardous by the C/MFM having jurisdiction; and
d.Rooms or spaces used for processing or use of hazardous materials or flammable or
combustible liquids in quantities deemed hazardous by recognized standards.

3. Where automatic extinguishing is used to meet the protection requirements of paras 1 and
2, as permitted.
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SECTION 10.2.10.7 CORRIDORS

Every interior corridor shall be constructed of walls having not less than one (1) hour fire
resistance rating, unless otherwise permitted by any of the following:

A. Corridor protection shall not be required where all spaces normally subject to client
occupancy have not less than one door opening directly outside or to an exterior exit
access balcony or corridor.

B. In buildings protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system;

corridor walls shall not be required to be rated, provided that such walls form smoke
partitions.

.
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C. Where the corridor ceiling is an assembly having one (1) hour fire resistance rating; where
tested as a wall, the corridor walls shall be permitted to terminate at the corridor ceiling

D. Lavatories shall not be required to be separated from corridors, provided that they are
separated from all other spaces by walls having not less than one (1) hour fire resistance.

E. Lavatories shall not be required to be separated from corridors, provided that both of the
following criteria are met:

1. The building is protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic

sprinkler system in accordance with Section 10.2.6.7 of this RIRR.

2. The walls separating the lavatory from other rooms form smoke partitions.

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SECTION 10.2.10.8 BUILDING SERVICES EQUIPMENT

A. Utilities

1. Utilities shall comply with the provisions of Section 10.2.7.1 of this RIRR.
2. Special protective covers for all electrical receptacles shall be installed in all areas
occupied by clients.

B. Heating, Ventilating and Air-Conditioning Equipment

1. Heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning equipment shall be in accordance with

Section 10.2.7.2 of this RIRR.
2. Unvented fuel-fired heating equipment, other than gas space heaters in compliance
with NFPA 54/ANSI Z223.1: National Fuel Gas Code, shall be prohibited.
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3. Any heating equipment in spaces occupied by clients shall be provided with
partitions, screens, or other means to protect clients from hot surfaces and open
flames; if solid partitions are used to provide such protection, provisions shall be
made to ensure adequate air for combustion and ventilation for the heating
equipment.

C. Elevators, Escalators and Conveyors

Elevators, escalators and conveyors, other than those in day care homes, shall comply
with the provisions of Section 10.2.7.5 of this RIRR.

D. Waste Chutes, Incinerators, and Laundry Chutes Waste chutes, incinerators, and
laundry chutes, other than those in day care homes, shall comply with the provisions
of Section 10.2.7.4 of this RIRR.
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SECTION 10.2.10.9 DAY CARE HOMES

A. General Requirements

1. The requirements of Section 10.2.9.8 shall apply to day care homes in which more
than three (3), but not more than twelve (12), clients receive care, maintenance, and
supervision by other than their relative(s) or legal guardian(s) for less than twenty-four
(24) hours per day, generally within a dwelling unit.

2. Where a facility houses more than one age group, the strictest requirements applicable
to any group present shall apply throughout the day care home or building, as
appropriate to a given area, unless the area housing such a group is maintained as a
separate fire area.
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3. Facilities that supervise clients on a temporary basis with a parent or guardian in close
proximity shall not be required to meet the provisions of this Section.

4. Places of religious worship shall not be required to meet the provisions of this Section
where operating a day care home while services are being held in the building.

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B. Classification of Occupancy

1. Family Day Care Home.

A family day care home shall be a day care home in which more than three (3), but fewer than
seven (7), clients receive care, maintenance, and supervision by other than their relative(s) or
legal guardian(s) for less than twenty-four (24) hours per day, generally within a dwelling
unit.

2. Group Day Care Home.

A group day care home shall be a day care home in which not less than seven (7), but not
more than twelve (12), clients receive care, maintenance, and supervision by other than their
relative(s) or legal guardian(s) for less than twenty-four (24) hours per day, generally within a
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C. Location
No day care home shall be located below the level of exit discharge.

D. Occupant Load

1. In family day care homes, both of the following shall apply:

a. The minimum staff-to-client ratio shall be not less than one (1) staff for up to six (6)
clients, including the caretaker’s own children under age six (6).
b. There shall be not more than two (2) clients incapable of self-preservation.

2. In group day care homes, all of the following shall apply:

a. The minimum staff-to-client ratio shall be not less than two (2) staffs for up to twelve
(12) clients.
b. There shall be not more than three (3) clients incapable of self-preservation.
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E. Means of Escape Requirements

1. Means of escape shall comply with those of Single and Two -Family Dwellings.
2. Every room used for sleeping, living, recreation, education, or dining purposes
shall have the number and type of means of escape.
3. No room or space that is accessible only by a ladder or folding stairs or through a
trap door shall be occupied by clients.
4. In group day care homes where spaces on the storey above the level of exit
discharge are used by clients, that storey shall have not less than one (1) means of
escape complying with one of the following:

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a. Door leading directly to the outside with access to finished ground level
b. Door leading directly to an outside stair to finished ground level
c.Interior stair leading directly to the outside with access to finished ground level,
separated from other storeys by one half (1/2) hour fire barrier.

5. Where clients occupy a storey below the level of exit discharge, that storey shall
have not less than one (1) means of escape complying with any of the following:

a. Door leading directly to the outside with access to finished ground level
b. Door leading directly to an outside stair going to finished ground level

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c. Bulkhead enclosure
d. Interior stair leading directly to the outside with access to finished ground
level, separated from other storeys by one half (1/2) hour fire barrier

F. Arrangement of Means of Escape

1. No dead-end corridors shall exceed six meters (6 m).

2. Doors in means of escape shall be protected from obstructions.

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G. Travel Distance

1. Travel distance shall be measured in accordance with Section 10.2.5.2 of this RIRR.

2. The travel distance between any point in a room and a door leading directly to the
outside with access to finished ground level shall not exceed forty-six meters (46m).

3. The travel distance between any point in a sleeping room and access to a means of
escape from that room shall not exceed fifteen meters (15 m).

4. The travel distance shall be permitted to be increased by fifteen meters (15 m) in

buildings protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler.

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I. Protection

1. For group day care homes, the doorway between the level of exit discharge and any
storey below shall be equipped with a fire door assembly having twenty-minute
(20-min) fire protection rating.

2. For group day care homes where the storey above the level of exit discharge is
used for sleeping purposes, there shall be a fire door assembly having twenty-
minute (20-min) fire protection rating at the top or bottom of each stairway.

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DIVISION 11. HEALTH CARE OCCUPANCIES

SECTION 10.2.11.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

B. Emergency Rooms, Operating Rooms, Intensive Care Units, Delivery Rooms

and Other Similar Facilities

Emergency rooms, operating rooms, intensive care units, delivery rooms and
other similar facilities shall be located on the level of exit discharge. When the
above requirement is not met, one of the following conditions shall be complied:

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1. Where the said facilities are located above the floor of exit discharge but in no
case shall exceed five (5) floors, or where the said facilities are located below
the floor of exit discharge but in no case shall exceed one (1) floor, it shall be
equipped with ramp complying with Section 10.2.5.7 of this RIRR leading
directly to exit discharge. The ramp, constructed in a fire resistive and smoke
proof enclosure, shall be so designed to accommodate the movement of hospital
beds with non-ambulatory patients to the level of exit discharge. The enclosure
shall have the minimum fire rating of two (2) hours.

2. Where the construction of ramp is not practicable, a horizontal exit compliant

with Section 10.2.5.6 of this RIRR shall be provided leading to another separate
building.

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SECTION 10.2.11.2 EXIT DETAILS

C. Access to Exit

6. Every exit or exit access shall be so arranged that no corridor or aisle has a
pocket or dead-end exceeding six meters (6 m) and/or a common path of travel
exceeding ten meters (10 m).

7. Any health care sleeping room which complies with the requirements previously
set forth in this Section may be subdivided with non-fire-rated, non-combustible
barriers, provided that the arrangement allows for direct and constant visual
supervision by nursing personnel. Rooms which are so subdivided shall not
exceed four hundred sixty-five square meters (465 m2).
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SECTION 10.2.11.3 PROTECTION

F. Alarm, Detection and Extinguishment Systems

3. Approved, supervised sprinkler system shall be provided throughout all hospitals

and nursing homes, except for one (1) storey building with a bed capacity of not
exceeding five (5). Replenishment of water supplies shall be strictly considered in
the design. Quick-response sprinklers shall be required in smoke compartments
containing patient sleeping rooms.

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DIVISION 12. RESIDENTIAL BOARD AND CARE

SECTION 10.2.12.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

A. No board and care occupancy shall have its sole means of egress or means of escape
pass through any nonresidential or non-health care occupancy in the same building.

B. No board and care occupancy shall be located above a nonresidential or non-health care
occupancy, unless the board and care occupancy and exits therefrom are separated from
the nonresidential or non-health care occupancy by construction having a minimum
two-hour (2-hr) fire resistance rating.

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SECTION 10.2.12.2 SMALL FACILITIES

A. Scope

1. This Section shall apply to residential board and care occupancies providing sleeping
accommodations for not more than sixteen (16) residents.

2. Where sleeping accommodations for more than sixteen (16) residents are provided, the
occupancy shall be classified as a large facility.

B. Means of Escape

1. Designated means of escape shall be continuously maintained free of all obstructions or

impediments to full instant use in case of fire or other emergency.
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2. Every sleeping room and living area shall have access to a primary means of escape
located to provide a safe path of travel to the outside at street level or the finished ground
level.

3. Where sleeping rooms or living areas are above, the primary means of escape shall be an
interior stair, an exterior stair, a horizontal exit, or a fire escape stair.

4. Sleeping rooms and living areas in facilities without a sprinkler system shall have
asecond means of escape consisting of any of the following:

a. Door, stairway, passage, or hall providing a way of unobstructed travel to the outside
of the dwelling at street or the finished ground level that is independent of, and
remotely located from, the primary means of escape.
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b. Passage through an adjacent non-lockable space independent of, and remotely

located from, the primary means of escape to any approved means of escape.

c. Outside window or door operable from the inside, without the use of tools, keys, or
special effort, that provides a clear width of not less than five hundred ten
millimeters (510 mm) and a height not less than eight hundred millimeters (800
mm), and the bottom of the opening not more than eight hundred twenty millimeters
(820 mm) above the floor.

d. Sleeping rooms that have a door leading directly to the outside of the building with
access to the finished ground level or to an exterior stairway shall be considered as
meeting all the requirements for a second means of escape.

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e. Sleeping rooms shall not be required to have a secondary means of escape where the
clinical needs of the residents require special security measures, provided all of the
following are met:

1) The building is protected throughout by an approved, automatic sprinkler system

2) A fire alarm system is provided.

5. Aisles, corridors and ramps required for exit access or exit shall be at least one and
eighty-three hundredths meters (1.83 m) in clear and unobstructed width.

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C. Interior Stairs Used for Primary Means of Escape

1. Interior stairs shall be enclosed with fire barriers having a minimum of half-hour
(1⁄2-hr) fire resistance rating.

2. Stairs shall comply with Section 10.2.5.4 of this RIRR.

3. The entire primary means of escape shall be arranged so that occupants are not
required to pass through a portion of a storey above, unless that route is separated
from all spaces on that storey by construction having a minimum of half-hour
(1⁄2-hr) fire resistance rating.

4. Stairs that connect a storey at street level to only one other storey shall be permitted to
be open to the storey that is not at street level.
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5. In buildings three (3) or fewer storeys in height and protected by an approved,

automatic sprinkler system, stair enclosures shall not be required, provided that there
still remains a primary means of escape from each sleeping area that does not require
occupants to pass through a portion of a lower floor, unless that route is separated
from all spaces on that floor by construction having a minimum of half-hour (1⁄2-hr)
fire resistance rating.

6. Stairs serving a maximum of two (2) storeys in buildings protected with an approved,
automatic sprinkler system shall be permitted to be unenclosed.

D. Doors

1. Doors, other than the bathroom doors and paths of travel to a means of escape shall be
09/10/2019 not less than eight hundred millimeters (800 mm) wide.
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2. Bathroom doors shall be not less than six hundred ten millimeters
(610 mm) wide.

3. Doors shall be swinging or sliding.

4. Every closet door latch shall be readily opened from inside.

5. Every bathroom door shall be designed to allow opening from the outside during an
emergency, when locked.

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6. No door in any means of escape, other than those meeting the requirements below,
shall be locked against egress when the building is occupied.

a. Delayed-egress locks shall be permitted on exterior doors only.

b. Access-controlled egress door assemblies shall be permitted.
c. Door-locking arrangements shall be permitted where the clinical needs of residents
require specialized security measures or where residents pose a security threat,
provided all of the following conditions are met:

1) Staff can readily unlock doors at all times.

2) The building is protected by an approved, automatic sprinkler system.

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E. Protection

1.Protection of Vertical Opening

Vertical openings, other than those meeting the requirement of para C.5 of this section,
shall be separated by smoke partitions having a minimum of half-hour (1⁄2-hr) fire
resistance rating.

2. Hazardous Areas
Areas for cartoned storage, food or household maintenance items in wholesale or
institutional-type quantities and concentrations, or mass storage of residents’ belongings, or
other hazardous areas that are located on a floor where primary means of egress or sleeping
rooms are located shall be protected by a construction having a minimum fire resistance
rating of one (1) hour and an automatic detection and alarm system or automatic sprinkler
system.
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3. Detection, Alarm and Communication System

a. A manual fire alarm system shall be provided on all small residential custodian care
facilities.
b. Single station smoke detectors shall be provided in all levels including basements, living
areas and sleeping rooms.

4. Extinguishing Requirements
a. All buildings of four (4) or more storeys in height shall be protected with approved,
supervised sprinkler system, using quick-response or residential sprinklers in accordance
with Section 10.2.6.7 of this RIRR.

b. Portable fire extinguishers shall be installed in accordance with Section 10.2.6.9 of this
RIRR.
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5. Construction of Corridor Walls

a. Walls separating sleeping rooms shall have a minimum of half-hour (1⁄2-hr) fire resistance
rating. The minimum of half-hour (1⁄2-hr) fire resistance rating shall be considered to be
achieved if the partitioning is finished on both sides with lath and plaster or materials
providing a fifteen-minute (15-min) thermal barrier.

b. Sleeping room doors shall be substantial doors, such as those of forty-four millimeters (44
mm) thick, solid-bonded wood-core construction, or of other construction of equal or
greater stability and fire integrity.

c. Any vision panels shall be fixed fire window assemblies or shall be wired glass not
exceeding eighty-four hundredths square meter (0.84 m2) each in area and installed in
approved frames.
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F. Building Services Equipment

1. Utilities shall be installed in accordance with Section 10.2.7.1 of this RIRR.

2. Heating, ventilating and air-conditioning equipment shall comply with Section

10.2.7.2 of this RIRR.

3. Elevators, escalators and conveyors shall comply with Section 10.2.7.5 of this RIRR.

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SECTION 10.2.12.3 LARGE FACILITIES

A. Scope

1. This Section shall apply to residential board and care occupancies providing
sleeping accommodations for more than sixteen (16) residents.

2. Facilities having sleeping accommodations for not more than sixteen (16)
residents shall comply with Section 10.2.14.2 of this RIRR.

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B. Occupant Load

The occupant load in number of persons for whom means of egress and other
provisions are required shall be determined on the basis of one (1) person for every
eighteen and six tenths square meters (18.6 m2), or shall be determined as the
maximum probable population of the space under consideration, whichever is
greater.

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C. Means of Egress

1. General
a. Means of egress from resident rooms and resident dwelling units to the outside of the
building shall be in accordance with Section 10.2.12.2 and this Section.
b. Means of escape within the resident room or resident dwelling unit shall comply with
Section 10.2.14.6 of this RIRR for single and two-family dwellings.
2. Permissible Exit Components
Components of means of egress shall be limited to the following types:
a) Doors
b) Stairs and Smoke-proof Enclosures
c) Horizontal Exit
d) Ramps
e) Exit Passageways
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3. Capacity of Means of Egress

a. The capacity of means of egress shall be in accordance with Section 10.2.5.2.

b. Street floor exits shall be sufficient for the occupant load of the street floor, plus the required
capacity of stairs and ramps discharging onto the street floor.
c. The width of corridors shall be sufficient for the occupant load served but shall be not less than
one thousand five hundred twenty-five millimeters (1,525 mm).

4. Number of Means of Egress

a. Not less than two (2) separate exits shall be provided on every storey.
b. Not less than two (2) separate exits shall be accessible from every part of every storey.
c. Exit access, as required in para “b” above, shall be permitted to include a single exit access path
of not more than sixty-one meters (61 m) if protected with sprinkler system, and forty-six
meters
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5. Arrangement of Means of Egress

a. Access to all required exits shall be in accordance with Section 10.2.5.2 of this RIRR.
b. Common path of travel shall not exceed twenty meters (20 m).
c. Dead-end corridors shall not exceed six meters (6 m).
d. Any room or any suite of rooms, exceeding ninety-one square meters (91 m2), shall be
provided with not less than two (2) exit access doors located remotely from each other, said
doors shall be swinging in the direction of exit travel.
e. Aisles, corridors and ramps required for exit access or exit shall be at least one and
eighty-three hundredths meters (1.83 m) in clear and unobstructed width.

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6. Travel Distance to Exits
Travel distance from any point in a room to the nearest exit, measured in accordance with
Section 10.2.5.2 of this RIRR, shall not exceed sixty-one meters (61 m) if protected with
sprinkler system, and forty-six meters (46 m) if not protected with sprinkler system.

7. Discharge from Exits

Exit discharge shall comply with Section 10.2.5.2. of this RIRR

8. Illumination of Means of Egress

Means of egress shall be illuminated in accordance with Section 10.2.5.11 of this RIRR.

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9. Emergency Lighting

Emergency lighting in accordance with Section 10.2.5.11 shall be provided, unless each
sleeping room has a direct exit to the outside at the ground level.

10. Marking of Means of Egress

Means of egress shall be marked in accordance with Section 10.2.5.12.

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D. Protection

1. Protection of Vertical Openings

a. Protection of vertical openings shall be in accordance with Section 10.2.6.5.

b. No floor below the level of exit discharge used only for storage, heating equipment,
or purposes other than residential occupancy shall have unprotected openings to
floors used for residential occupancy.

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2. Hazardous Areas

Hazardous areas shall be protected in accordance with Section 10.2.6.10 and in

accordance with Table 10 below.

Table 10: HAZARDOUS AREA PROTECTION

Separation/Protection
Hazardous Area Description
(Minimum fire resistance rating)
Boiler and fuel-fired heater rooms 1 hour
Central/back laundries larger than 9.3 m2 1 hour
Paint shops employing hazardous substances in
1 hour
quantities less than those that would be classified as
severe hazard
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Separation/Protection
Hazardous Area Description
(Minimum fire resistance rating)

Physical plant maintenance shops 1 hour

Soiled linen rooms 1 hour

Storage rooms larger than 4.6 m2, but not exceeding

Smoke partition
9.3 m2, storing combustible material

Storage rooms larger than 9.3 m2, storing

1 hour
combustible material

Trash collection room 1 hour

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3. Detection, Alarm and Communication Systems

a. An automatic detection and alarm system shall be required in all large residential custodial
care facilities in accordance with Section 10.2.6.6 of this RIRR.

b. An annunciator panel, connected to the fire alarm system, shall be provided at a location
readily accessible from the primary point of entry for emergency response personnel.

c. High-rise buildings shall be provided with an approved emergency voice communication

system.

d. Smoke alarms shall be installed inside every sleeping room, outside every sleeping area in
the immediate vicinity of the bedrooms, and all levels within a resident unit.

e. Corridors and spaces open to the corridors

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4. Extinguishing Requirements

a. All buildings shall be protected throughout by an approved, automatic sprinkler system,

and quick-response or residential sprinklers, except for one (1) storey building with a bed
capacity of not exceeding five (5). Replenishment of water supply shall be strictly
considered in the design. Quick-response sprinklers shall be required in smoke
compartments containing patient sleeping rooms.
b. Portable fire extinguishers shall be installed in accordance with Section 10.2.6.9 of this
RIRR.

5. Corridors and Separation of Sleeping Rooms

a. Access shall be provided from every resident use area to at least one (1) means of egress
that is separated from all sleeping rooms by walls complying with para “c” through “f“
hereof.
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b. Sleeping rooms shall be separated from corridors, living areas, and kitchens by walls
complying with para “c” through “f” hereof.
c. Walls required by para “a” or para “b” hereof shall be smoke partitions having a minimum
of half-hour (1⁄2-hr) fire resistance rating.
d. Doors protecting corridor openings shall not be required to have a fire protection rating, but
shall be constructed to resist the passage of smoke.
e. Door-closing devices shall not be required on doors in corridor wall openings, other than
those serving exit enclosures, smoke barriers, enclosures of vertical openings, and hazardous
areas.
f. No louvers, transfer grilles, operable transoms, or other air passages, other than properly
installed heating and utility installations, shall penetrate the walls or doors.

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6. Subdivisions of Building Spaces

a. Every storey shall be divided into not less than two (2) smoke compartments with an
area of not exceeding two thousand one hundred square meters (2,100 m2), except:

1) Storeys that do not contain a board and care occupancy located above the board
and care occupancy;
2) Smoke barriers shall not be required in areas that do not contain a board and care
occupancy and that are separated from the board and care occupancy by a fire
barrier;
3) Smoke barriers shall not be required on storeys that do not contain a board and
care occupancy and that are more than one (1) storey below the board and care
occupancy; and

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4) Smoke barriers shall not be required in open parking structures protected
throughout by an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system.

b. The travel distance from any point to reach a door in the required smoke barrier shall
be limited to a distance of sixty-one meters (61 m).

E. Building Services Equipment

1. Utilities shall be installed in accordance with Section 10.2.7.1.

2. Heating, ventilating and air-conditioning equipment shall comply with Section
10.2.7.2.
3. Elevators, escalators and conveyors shall comply with Section 10.2.7.5.

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SECTION 10.2.14.3 HOTELS AND DORMITORIES

7. Discharge from Exits

a. All of the required exits shall terminate directly to the street or through a yard,
court, or passageway with protected openings and separated from all parts of the
interior of the building.

b. The exits may also discharge on the areas of the floor exit discharge provided the
following are met:

1) Such exits discharge to a free and unobstructed way to the exterior of the
building by not more than six-meter (6-m) distance, which way is readily visible
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5. Extinguishing Requirements

a. All hotels and dormitories with four (4) storeys or more in height shall be
protected throughout by approved, supervised sprinkler system.

1) Hotels and dormitories with four (4) storeys and below shall be installed with
sprinkler system in accordance with NFPA 13R.

2) Hotels and dormitories with five (5) storeys and above shall be installed with
sprinkler system in accordance with NFPA 13.

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SECTION 10.2.14.4 APARTMENT BUILDINGS

C. Protection
4. Alarm Systems
a. Every apartment building of four (4) storeys or more in height, or more than twelve (12)
apartment units, except row houses shall have automatic fire detection and alarm system in
accordance with Section 10.2.6.6 of this RIRR.

5. Extinguishing Requirements
a. All apartments, except row houses with four (4) storeys in height, shall be protected
throughout by approved, supervised sprinkler system.
b. For four (4) storeys and below it shall be installed with sprinkler system in accordance with
NFPA 13R.
c. For five (5) storyes and above, it shall be installed with sprinkler system in accordance with
NFPA 13.
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SECTION 10.2.14.5 LODGING OR ROOMING HOUSES

C. Alarm System
A manual fire alarm system shall be provided in accordance with Section 10.2.6.6 of this
RIRR. Likewise, each sleeping room shall be installed with single station-smoke or heat
detector.
SECTION 10.2.14.6 SINGLE AND TWO -FAMILY DWELLINGS
E. Fire Alarm and Detection System
Each living unit or sleeping room shall be installed with single-station smoke or
heat detectors.

F. Extinguishing Requirement
Each single and two -family dwelling shall be provided with portable fire extinguishers in
accordance with Section 10.2.6.9 of this RIRR.
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DIVISION 15. MERCANTILE OCCUPANCIES

SECTION 10.2.15.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

A. Classification of Mercantile

1. Mercantile occupancies shall include all buildings and structures or parts thereof with
occupancy as described in Division 3 of this Chapter.

a. Mercantile occupancies shall be classified as follows:

1) Class A. AII stores having aggregate gross area of two thousand seven hundred
eighty-eight square meters (2,788 m2) or more, or utilizing more than three (3) floor
levels for sales purposes.
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2) Class B. All stores of less than two thousand seven hundred eighty-seven square meters
(2,787 m2) aggregate area, but over two hundred seventy-nine square meters (279 m2),
or utilizing any balcony, mezzanine or floor above or below the street floor level for
sales purposes, except that if more than three (3) floors are utilized, the store shall be
considered Class A, regardless of area.

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F. Measurement of Travel Distance to Exits

Travel distance to exits shall be measured in accordance with Section 10.2.5.2 of this
RIRR.

Exception: An increase in the above travel distance to forty-six meters (46 m) shall be
permitted in a building completely protected by an approved, supervised sprinkler
system in accordance with Section 10.2.6.7 of this RIRR.

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D. Automatic Sprinkler Protection

Approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system protection shall be installed in

accordance with Section 10.2.6.7 of this RIRR in all mercantile occupancies as follows:

1. Throughout all mercantile occupancies three (3) or more storeys in height provided
that at least one (1) of the floors is at least two hundred thirty-two square meters
(232 m2).
2. Throughout all mercantile occupancies exceeding one thousand one hundred fifteen
square meters (1,115 m2) in gross area.
3. Throughout floor below the street floor having an area exceeding two hundred
thirty-two square meters (232 m2) when used for the sale, storage or handling of
combustible goods and merchandise.

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DIVISION 16. BUSINESS OCCUPANCIES

SECTION 10.2.16.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

C. Occupant Load

1. For purposes of determining required exits, the occupant load of business

purposes shall be no less than one (1) person per nine and three tenths square
meters (9.3 m2) of gross floor area. The occupant load for concentrated use as in
the case of Call Centers, IT Centers, BPO’s, and other similar occupancies, shall
not be less than one (1) person per four and six tenths square meters (4.6 m2) of
gross floor area devoted for that use, provided that the means of egress and other
fire safety requirements of RA 9514 and its RIRR are followed or incorporated
in the building.
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G. Discharge from Exits

All of the required exits shall terminate directly to the street or through a yard, court,
or passageway with protected openings and separated from all parts of the interior of the
building. The exits may also discharge on the areas of the floor exit discharge provided
the following are met:

1. Such exits discharge to a free and unobstructed way to the exterior of the building
by not more than six meters (6 m) distance, which way is readily visible and
identifiable from the point of discharge from the exit.

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2. The floor of discharge into which the exit discharge is provided with automatic fire
suppression system and any other portion of the level of discharge with access to the
discharge area is provided with automatic fire suppression system or separated from it
in accordance with the requirements for the enclosure of exit in Section 10.2.5.2 of
this RIRR.

3. The entire area on the floor of discharge is separated from areas below by construction
having a minimum fire-resistance rating of two (2) hours.

4. Where business occupancies do not fall within the condition of para D.1 above, it shall
be provided with manual fire alarm system.

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DIVISION 17. INDUSTRIAL OCCUPANCIES

SECTION 10.2.17.1 REQUIREMENTS

F. Travel Distance to Exits

1.Exits shall be as remote from other as practicable, so arranged that it will not be necessary to
travel more than sixty-one meters (61 m) from any point to reach the nearest exit for buildings
not protected by a complete automatic fire suppression system, or seventy-six meters (76 m) in a
building protected by an approved supervised sprinkler system in accordance with Section
10.2.6.7 of this RIRR.

2. From every point, there shall be at least two (2) separate exits accessible, so arranged as to be
reached by different paths of travel in different directions.
Exception: A common path of travel may be permitted for the first thirty meters (30 m) from
any point, i.e. no dead-end may be more than fifteen meters (15 m) deep.
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D. Extinguishing Requirement

1. Every high-hazard occupancy shall be provided with automatic fire suppression

system appropriate to the particular hazard in accordance with NFPA or other
internationally accepted standards

E. Explosion Prevention

Explosion prevention in industrial occupancies shall be in accordance with NFPA

654,Standard for the Prevention of Fires for Dust Explosions from the Manufacturing,
processing, and Handling of Combustible Particular Solids, and NFPA 69, Standard on
Explosion Prevention Systems.

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DIVISION 18. STORAGE OCCUPANCIES

SECTION 10.2.18.2 PROTECTION
C. Extinguishing Requirement

1. Every high hazard occupancy shall have automatic fire suppression system protection such as
Sprinkler Systems/Water Spray Fixed Systems/Water Mist Fire Protection Systems, Hybrid
(Water and Inert Gas) Fire Extinguishing Systems, Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing Systems,
Foam-Water Sprinkler and Foam-Water Spray Systems, Dry Chemical Extinguishing Systems,
Wet Chemical Extinguishing Systems, Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems, Fixed Aerosol
Fire Extinguishing Systems and other equivalent protection as may be appropriate to the
particular hazard, including Explosion Prevention Systems/Explosion Protection by Deflagration
Venting for any area subject to an explosion hazard, designed to minimize danger to occupants
in case of fire or other emergency before they have time to utilize exits to escape.

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SECTION 10.2.18.3 SPECIAL PROVISION FOR PARKING STRUCTURES

E. Detection, Alarm, and Communication Systems

1.Parking structures with the aggregate floor area of nine thousand three hundred square meters
(9,300 m2) shall be required to have a fire alarm system, where the parking structure is
combined with other occupancy, fire alarm and detection requirement for the occupancy shall
likewise be applied to parking structure.

2. Open parking structures not combined with other occupancy or not more than fifteen meters
(15 m) in height shall not be required with fire alarm system. Otherwise, it shall be required
with fire alarm system.

3. Parking structures protected throughout by an approved automatic sprinkler system shall not
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F. Open Parking Structures

1. Open parking structures shall not be required to install automatic sprinkler systems or
automatic fire suppression system regardless of height except if it is combined with structures
that require sprinkler, however, its means of egress shall comply with Section 10.2.5.2 of this
RIRR which shall be fully enclosed and protected.

2. Parking structures shall be considered open if it complies with the following:

a. Each parking level shall have wall openings open to the atmosphere for an area not less than
four tenths square meter (0.4 m2) for each linear meter of its exterior perimeter. The opening
shall be distributed over forty percent (40%) of the building perimeter or uniformly over two
opposite sides.

b. Interior wall lines and column lines shall be at least twenty percent (20%) open, with
openings distributed to provide ventilation.FCTS-TWG
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SECTION 10.2.18.5 SPECIAL PROVISIONS FOR GRAIN HANDLING, PROCESSING, MILLING, OR OTHER
BULK STORAGE FACILITIES

A. There shall be not less than two (2) means of egress from all working levels of the
head house.

B. One (1) of the two (2) means of egress shall be a stair to the level of exit discharge,
and, if this means of egress is interior to the structure, it shall be enclosed by a dust
resistant, one (1) hour fire resistance-rated enclosure in accordance with Section
M10.2.5.4 of this RIRR. Exterior stair means of egress shall be protected from the
structure by a one (1) hour fire resistance rated wall that extends at least three and
five hundredths meters (3.05 m) beyond the stair

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C. The second means of egress shall be one of the following:

1. Exterior stair or basket ladder – type fire escape that is accessible from all working
levels of the structure and provides a passage to the finished ground level; or

2. Exterior stair or basket ladder – type fire escape that is accessible from all working
levels of the structure, provides access to adjoining structures, and provides a
continuous path to the means of egress, described in para “E” hereof.

D. Stair enclosures in existing structures shall be permitted to have non-fire-rated

dust-resistant enclosures.

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E. An exterior stair or basket ladder-type fire escape shall provide passage to the finished
ground level from the top of the end of an adjoining structure, such as a silo,
conveyor, gallery, or gantry.

F. Underground spaces shall have not less than two (2) means of egress, one of which
shall be permitted to be a means of escape, except as permitted in para “G” hereof.

G. Where the horizontal travel distance to the means of egress in underground spaces is
less than fifteen meters (15 m) in normally unoccupied spaces, a single means of
egress shall be permitted.

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I. Exits shall be as remote as practicable, so arranged that it will not be necessary to

travel not more than sixty-one meters (61 m) from any point to reach the nearest exit
for underground spaces not protected throughout by an approved, supervised
automatic sprinkler system or one hundred twenty-two meters (122 m) for
underground spaces protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic
sprinkler system in accordance with Section 10.2.6.7 of this RIRR.

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DIVISION 18. SPECIAL STRUCTURES

Any building or structure occupied for Purposes not covered by

Division 8 through 18 of this RIRR shall have exits and related
safeguards in accordance with the fundamental principles of this
Chapter, and shall comply with the Following provisions where
applicable.
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SECTION 10.2.19.1 AERODROME FACILITIES

A. General Fire Safety Requirements

1. The BFP shall conduct regular and periodic fire safety inspection on all aerodrome
facilities.

2. For large airport terminal buildings, the occupant load factor per area are as follows:
a. Concourse - Nine and three tenths square meters (9.3 m2)
b. Waiting Areas - One and four tenths square meters (1.4 m2)
c. Baggage Claim - One and nine tenths square meters (1.9 m2)
d. Baggage Handling - twenty-seven and nine tenths square meters (27.9 m2)
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

Aerodrome
According to the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) an
aerodrome is "A defined area on land or water (including any buildings,
installations, and equipment) intended to be used either wholly or in
part for the arrival, departure, and surface movement of aircraft
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Aerodrome
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Water Aerodrome
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Concourse
An airport terminal is a building at an airport. It is where passengers are
able to get on and off aircraft. Inside the terminal, passengers can buy
tickets, leave or pick up their luggage, and be checked by security staff.
The buildings that provide access to the airplanes through gates are
usually called concourses. However, the words "terminal" and
"concourse" are sometimes used to mean the same thing.
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Concourse
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Waiting area
A gate, or gatehouse, is an area of an airport that provides a waiting area
for passengers before boarding their flight. While the exact specifications
vary from airport to airport and country to country, most gates consist of
seating, a counter, an aircraft entry or exit doorway, and a jet bridge.
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Waiting Area
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Baggage Claim Area

In airport terminals, a baggage reclaim area is an area where arriving
passengers claim checked-in baggage after disembarking from an airline
flight.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

Baggage Claim Area

Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

Baggage Handling
A baggage handling system is a type of conveyor system installed in
airports that transports checked luggage from ticket counters to areas
where the bags can be loaded onto airplanes.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

Baggage Handling
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

18. Electrical wiring, switches, lights and any other source of ignition, when
located in compartment housing piping, pumps, air eliminators, water
separators, hose reels and the like shall be enclosed in a vapor-tight housing.
Any electric motor located in such a compartment shall be of a type approved
for use in hazardous locations as specified in the latest edition of Philippine
Electrical Code (PEC).

“As-built” Electrical System design in compliance with the latest edition of

PEC, NFPA 70, National Electrical Code and NFPA 780, Standard for the
Installation of Lightning Protection Systems, signed and sealed by a
Professional Electrical Engineer shall be provided.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

19. Compartments housing piping and the like, pumps, air eliminators, water
separators, hose reels, shall be adequately ventilated at floor level or within
the floor itself.

“As-built” Detailed Mechanical Design in compliance with latest edition of

Mechanical Code of the Philippines, NFPA Standards, signed and sealed by a
Professional Mechanical Engineer shall be provided.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

21. Bonding and Grounding shall be as follows:

d. Electrical System design in compliance with the latest edition of PEC,

NFPA 70, National Electrical Code and NFPA 780, Standard for
Installation Lightning Protection Systems signed and sealed by a
Professional Electrical Engineer shall be provided.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

B. Refueller Units
1. Design and Construction of Aircraft Refuellers shall conform to the
following:

a. Tanks and vehicles shall be designed and constructed in accordance

with NFPA 385, Tank Vehicles for Flammable Liquids, and NFPA
407, Aircraft Fuel Servicing Tank Vehicles.

b. Annual testing and certification of every system by a registered or

licensed professional or government accredited testing company shall
be required.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

Hydrant Dispenser
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
Refueller Truck
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

SECTION 10.2.19.2 FIXED GUIDEWAY TRANSIT AND PASSENGER RAIL SYSTEMS

A. General

1. Life safety from fire and fire protection requirements for fixed guideway transit and
passenger rail systems, including, but not limited to, stations, trainways, emergency
ventilation systems, vehicles, emergency procedures, communications, and control
systems shall be in accordance with NFPA 130, Standard for Fixed Guideway Transit
and Passenger Rail Systems.

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2. The provisions under this Section shall not be applied to existing fixed guideway
transit and passenger rail system, provided that no modification or renovation shall be
undertaken that will increase hazardous condition where it is evident that a reasonable
degree of safety is provided on existing structures in accordance with NFPA and
other internationally accepted standards.

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B. Means of Egress

1. General
The provisions for means of egress for a station shall comply with Division 5 of this
Chapter and the paragraphs below.

2. Occupant Load

a. The occupant load for a station shall be based on the train load of trains
simultaneously entering the station on all tracks in normal traffic direction
plus the simultaneous entraining load awaiting trains.
1) The train load shall consider only one (1) train at any one track.
2) The basis for calculating train and entraining loads shall be the peak period
ridership figures as projected for design of a new system or as updated for an
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b. At multilevel, multiline, or multiplatform stations, occupant loads shall be

determined as follows:

1) The maximum occupant load for each platform shall be considered

separately for the purpose of sizing the means of egress from that
platform.

2) Simultaneous loads shall be considered for all egress routes passing

through each level of that station.

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c. An area within a station intended for use by other than passengers or

employees, shall apply the following parameters:

1) The occupant load for that area shall be determined in accordance

with the occupancy as appropriate for the use.

2) The additional occupant load shall be included in determining the

required egress from that area.

3) The additional occupant load shall be permitted to be omitted from

the station occupant load where the area has independent means
of egress of sufficient number and capacity.
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3. Calculation of Platform Occupant Load

The platform occupant load for each platform in a station shall be the maximum peak
period occupant load calculated according to the following:

a. The peak period occupant load for each platform shall be based on the
simultaneous evacuation of the entraining load and the train load for that
platform in the peak period.

b. The entraining load for each platform shall be the sum of the entraining loads
for each track serving that platform.

c. The entraining load for each track shall be based on the entraining load per train
headway factored to account for service disruptions and system reaction time.
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d. Where a platform serves more than one (1) line on one track, the calculation of
entraining load shall consider the combined effect of accumulation for each of
the lines served.

e. The train load for each platform shall be the sum of the train loads for each
track serving that platform.

f. The train load for each track shall be based on the train load per train headway
factored to account for service disruptions and system reaction time.

g. The maximum train load at each track shall be the maximum passenger
capacity for the largest capacity train operating on that track during the peak
period.
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C. Capacity and Location of Means of Egress

1. Platform Evacuation Time.

There shall be sufficient egress capacity to evacuate the platform occupant load from
the station platform in four minutes (4 min) or less.

2. Evacuation Time to a Point of Safety.

The station shall be designed to permit evacuation from the most remote point on the
platform to a point of safety in six minutes (6 min) or less. A point of safety is one of
the following:

a. an enclosed exit that leads to a public way or safe location outside the station,
trainway, or vehicle;
b. an at grade point beyond the vehicle, enclosing station, or trainway; or
c. any other approved location.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

3. Point of Safety

a. For open stations where the concourse is below or protected from the platform by
distance or materials as determined by an appropriate engineering analysis, that
concourse shall be permitted to be defined as a point of safety.

b. For enclosed stations equipped with an emergency ventilation system and where the
emergency ventilation system provides protection for the concourse from exposure to
the effects of a train fire at the platform as confirmed by engineering analysis, that
concourse is permitted to be defined as a point of safety.

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4. Travel Distance
The maximum travel distance on the platform to a point at which a means of egress route
leaves the platform shall not exceed one hundred meters (100 m).

5. Common Path of Travel

A common path of travel from the ends of the platform shall not exceed twenty-five
meters (25 m) or one (1) car length, whichever is greater.

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6. Alternate Egress

At least two (2) means of egress remote from each other shall be provided from each
station platform as follows:

a. A means of egress used as a public circulation route shall be permitted to provide

more than fifty percent (50%) of the required egress capacity from a station
platform or other location.

b. Means of egress from separate platforms shall be permitted to converge.

c. Where means of egress routes from separate platforms converge, the subsequent
capacity of the egress route shall be sufficient to maintain the required
evacuation time from the incident platform.
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D. Platforms, Corridors, and Ramps

1. A minimum clear width of one and twelve hundredths meters (1.12 m) shall be
provided along all platforms, corridors, and ramps serving as means of egress.

2. In computing the means of egress capacity available on platforms, corridors, and

ramps, three hundred millimeters (300 mm) shall be deducted at each sidewall, and
four hundred fifty millimeters (450 mm) shall be deducted at platform edges that are
open to the trainway.

3. The maximum means of egress capacity of platforms, corridors, and ramps shall be
computed at eight hundred nineteen ten-thousandths (0.0819) person/mm-min.

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4. The maximum means of egress travel speed along platforms, corridors, and ramps
shall be computed at thirty-seven and seven tenths meters per minute (37.7 m/min).

5. The means of egress travel speed for concourses and other areas where a lesser
pedestrian density is anticipated shall be computed at sixty-one meters per minute
(61.0 m/min).

6. Stairs and escalators shall be permitted to be counted as contributing to the means of

egress capacity in stations.

7. Stairs in the means of egress shall be a minimum of one and twelve hundredths meters
(1.12 m) wide.

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8. Capacity and travel speed for stairs and escalators shall be computed as follows:

a. Capacity – 0.0555 p/mm-min

b. Travel speed – 14.6 m/min (indicates vertical component of travel speed)

9. Escalators shall not account for more than a half (1/2) of the means of egress capacity at
any one level except where the following criteria are met:

a. The escalators are capable of being remotely brought to a stop.

b. A portion of the means of egress capacity from each station level is stairs.
c. For enclosed stations, at least one (1) enclosed exit stair or exit passageway
provides continuous access from the platforms to the public way.
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10. In calculating the egress capacity of escalators, the following criteria shall be met:
a. One escalator at each level shall be considered as being out of service.
b. The escalator chosen shall be the one having the most adverse effect upon egress
capacity.

11. Elevators meeting the requirements of NFPA 130 shall be permitted to account for part of
the means of egress capacity in stations. Where elevators are counted as contributing to
the means of egress capacity, the following shall apply:
a. They shall account for no more than fifty percent (50%) of the required egress
capacity.
b. At least one elevator shall be considered out of service, and one elevator shall be
reserved for Fire Service.
c. The capacity of each elevator shall be the carrying capacity of the elevator
within thirty minutes (30 min).
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E. Doors, Gates, and Exit Hatches, Fare Barriers, Turnstile-type Fire Barriers shall be
permitted as means of egress and computed in accordance with the requirements of
NFPA 130.

F. Means of Egress Lighting

Illumination of the means of egress in stations, including escalators that are considered a
means of egress, shall be in accordance with Section 10.2.5.11 of this RIRR.

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G. Fire Protection

1. Enclosed stations shall be provided with a fire command center in accordance with Section
10.2.20.2 of this RIRR.

2. Stations equipped with fire alarm devices shall be protected by a proprietary supervising
station alarm system as defined in accordance with Section 10.2.6.6 of this RIRR.

3. Each station having fire alarm initiating devices shall be provided with a fire alarm
annunciator panel at a location that is accessible to emergency response personnel in
accordance with Section 10.2.6.6 of this RIRR.

4. Automatic fire detection shall be provided in all ancillary spaces by the installation of
combination fixed temperature and rate-of-rise heat detectors or smoke detectors except
where protected by automatic sprinklers.
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5. A public address system and emergency voice alarm reporting devices, such as
emergency telephone boxes or manual fire alarm boxes conforming to Section 10.2.6.6
of this RIRR, shall be required in stations.

6. Emergency alarm reporting devices shall be located on passenger platforms and

throughout the stations such that the travel distance from any point in the public area
shall not exceed one hundred meters (100 m) unless otherwise approved.

7. An automatic sprinkler protection system shall be provided in areas of stations used for
concessions, in high hazard storage areas, in trash rooms, and other similar areas with
combustible loadings, except trainways.

8. Other fire suppression systems may be permitted upon approval of the C/MFM having
jurisdiction.
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9. Standpipe and Hose Systems. Class I standpipes shall be installed in enclosed

stations in accordance with Section 10.2.6.8 of this RIRR, except as modified by
NFPA 130.

10. Portable fire extinguishers shall be in accordance with Section 10.2.6.9 of this
RIRR.

H. Emergency ventilation shall be provided in enclosed stations in accordance with NFPA

130. A mechanical emergency ventilation system shall be provided in an enclosed
system station or in a system underground or enclosed trainway that is greater in length
than three hundred five meters (305 m).

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I. Emergency power shall be provided in accordance with latest edition of PEC, NFPA 70
and NFPA 110, for enclosed stations. Systems connected to the emergency power
system shall include the following:

1. Emergency lighting
2. Protective signaling systems
3. Emergency communication system
4. Fire command center
5. Elevators providing required egress capacity

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J. Trainways’ Emergency Egress

1. The system shall incorporate a walk surface or other approved means for passengers to
evacuate a train at any point along the trainway so that they can proceed to the nearest
station or other point of safety.

2. The maximum distance between exits shall not exceed seven hundred sixty-two meters
(762 m) within enclosed trainways.

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3. Cross-passageways shall be permitted to be used in lieu of emergency exit stairways to
the surface where trainways in tunnels are divided by a minimum of two-hour (2-hr)
rated fire separations or where trainways are in twin bores. Where cross-passageways
are utilized in lieu of emergency exit stairways, the following requirements shall apply:

a. Cross-passageways shall not be farther than two hundred forty-four meters

(244 m) apart.

b. Cross-passageways shall not be farther than two hundred forty-four meters

(244 m) from the station or portal of the enclosed trainway.

c. Cross-passageways shall be separated from the trainway with self-closing

fire door assemblies having a fire protection rating of one and a half (1.5)
hours.
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d. A tenable environment shall be maintained in the portion of the trainway

that is not involved in an emergency and that is being used for evacuation.

e. A ventilation system for the incident trainway shall be designed to control

smoke in the vicinity of the passengers.

f. Provisions shall be made for evacuating passengers via the non-incident

trainway to a nearby station or other emergency exit.

g. The provisions shall include measures to protect passengers from oncoming

traffic and from other hazards.

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4. The means of egress within the trainway shall be provided with an unobstructed
clear width graduating from six hundred ten millimeters (610 mm) at the walking
surface to seven hundred sixty millimeters (760 mm) at one thousand five hundred
seventy-five millimeters (1,575 mm) above the walking surface to four hundred
thirty millimeters (430 mm) at two thousand twenty-five millimeters (2,025 mm)
above the walking surface.
5. Cross-passageways shall be a minimum of one thousand one hundred twenty
millimeters (1,120 mm) in clear width and two thousand one hundred millimeters
(2,100 mm) in height.
6. The width of exit stairs shall not be required to exceed one thousand one hundred
twenty millimeters (1,120 mm) for enclosed trainways.
7. Doors in egress routes serving trainways shall have a minimum clear width of eight
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8. Walkways that are more than seven hundred sixty millimeters (760 mm) above the
floor or grade below shall be provided with a continuous guard to prevent falls over
the open side and continuous handrail along the side opposite the trainway.

9. Raised walkways that are greater than one thousand one hundred twenty millimeters
(1,120 mm) wide and located between two (2) trainways shall not be required to have
a handrail.

K. Signage, Illumination, and Emergency Lighting in trainway shall be in accordance with

Division 5 of this Chapter.

L. Emergency Access shall be in accordance with NFPA 70.

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M. A non-mechanical emergency ventilation system shall be permitted to be provided in lieu
of a mechanical emergency ventilation system in the following locations:

1. The length of the underground or enclosed trainway is less than or equal to three
hundred five meters (305 m) and greater than sixty-one meters (61 m).

2. In an enclosed station where engineering analysis indicates that a non-mechanical

emergency ventilation system supports the tenability criteria of the project.

N. Emergency Ventilation Fans. The ventilation system fans that are designated for use in
fire and similar emergencies shall be capable of satisfying the emergency ventilation
requirements to move trainway air in either direction as required to provide the needed
ventilation response in accordance with NFPA 130.

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SECTION 10.2.19.3 HISTORICAL BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES, AND HISTORICCENTERS/

HERITAGE ZONES

A. Conservation and maintenance of historical buildings and structures, and historic centers/
heritage zones shall be made in accordance with existing regulations and shall be
afforded with applicable fire safety protection system in accordance with this Division.

B. No person, firm or entity, including any agency or instrumentality of government shall

erect, construct, alter, repair, move, convert, or demolish any building or structure or
cause the same to be done without first obtaining a clearance from the Local Government
Unit (LGU), FSEC from BFP and Building Permit from the Local Building Official.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

C. Alteration and Restoration

1. All buildings/structures classified under this category shall conform with the fire
safety requirements applicable to its incumbent occupancy.

2. Should the conservation to be made will result to change of occupancy, the fire
safety requirements to be applied shall be in accordance with its new occupancy
type.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

D. Applicability of Fire Safety Measures

1. Design and installation of fire protection system for historical buildings, structures
and historic sites/heritage zones under conservation shall be in accordance with
NFPA 914, Code for Fire Protection of Historic Structures, subject to its applicability
to the approved conservation plan of the National Historical Commission of the
Philippines (NHCP).

2. Buildings/structural components and finishings to be installed, restored, or replaced

shall be so designed and/or treated with fire resistive materials.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

APPLICABILITY

Only Structures Declared By The National Historical Commission

Can Be Classified As Historical Structures.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

HOW?

NHCP Process of Architectural Restoration

1. Inventory
2. Determination of Necessity
3. Declaration as Monument
4. Restoration Planning
5. Restoration Scheme Approval
6. Restoration Works
7. Documentation and Publication
8. New Use Maintenance
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

HOW?

Types of Restorations

1. Preservation – remain in current state

2. Restoration – return to original prime state
3. Rehabilitate – may return to original state or for new use
4. Recunstruction – totally distroyed structured rebuilt to original
state
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

SECTION 10.2.19.4 WIND TURBINE ENERGY GENERATING FACILITIES

A. General
1. The design, installation and maintenance of wind turbine energy generating facilities
shall be in accordance with this Section, NFPA 850, Recommended Practice for Fire
Protection for Electric Generating Plants and High Voltage Direct Current Converter
Stations and internationally accepted standards
2. The recommendations of Chapters 4, 5, 6, 7, 15 and 16 of NFPA 850, shall apply to
wind generating facilities.
3. The Fire Protection Design for wind turbine generating facilities shall be based on the
specific hazards that exist in the facility and the level of acceptable risks for the facility.
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B. General Design and Equipment Arrangement

1. Separation shall be provided between the following:

a. Adjacent wind turbine units consistent with land and wind topography constraints
b. Adjacent structures or exposures, including transformers
c. Adjacent properties (e.g., aboveground pipelines, tank farms, or natural gas
facilities that could present a severe exposure)

2. Consideration shall be given to equipment layout that is adjacent to wind turbines and
in line with the planes of the rotating blades and hub in typical wind conditions that
have a higher potential for damage from flying debris (such as blade sections on
overspeed).
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C. Unattended Facilities

1. Wind farms, located in remote areas that are unattended in a long period of time and
timely access to towers and nacelles are not usually acceptable, shall be provided with
special fire protection.

2. To address delayed response, lack of communication and access, additional fire

protection measures shall be provided.

3. Remote annunciation of fire-signaling systems shall be provided to one (1) or more

constantly attended locations for emergency response use.

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D. Wind Generating Facilities

1. General
a. The installation and operation of wind turbine generating facilities shall be in
accordance with standard practices of the industry, except as modified by hereunder
provisions.
b. Site-specific considerations or a manufacturer’s typical layout shall govern wind
turbine generating facility design, including wind turbine design, tower design and
heights, tower foundations, power output, and load control circuitry.
c. In the event of a problem with a wind turbine generator, automatic shutdowns shall
be provided. Different methods of equipment shutdown and isolation that are
operating independently shall be provided.
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2. Prevention of Fires in Wind Turbine Generating Facilities

a. Gearboxes and lubricating oil sumps, pumps, coolers, filters, and associated piping
shall be in accordance with Section 10.3.7.5 of this RIRR and NFPA 30, Flammable
and Combustible Liquids Code. Piping systems supplying flammable and combustible
liquids shall be designed to minimize hydraulic and lubricating oil piping failures as
follows:

1) If rigid metal piping is used, it shall be designed with freedom to deflect with the
gearbox, in any direction, at the interface with the gearbox. This provision shall
also apply to hydraulic lines that are connected to accessory gearboxes or
actuators mounted directly in the nacelle. In high vibration areas, properly
designed metallic hose for hydraulic and lube oil lines shall be used.
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2) Rigid piping connected directly to the gearbox shall be supported such that
failures will not occur due to the natural frequency of the piping coinciding
with the rotational speed of the gearbox, drive shaft and hub, and generator.
Pipe supports shall be designed to avoid vibrations induced by other equipment
that can excite its natural frequency.

3) Pipe joints shall be welded. Threaded couplings and flange bolts in oil piping
shall be assembled using a torque wrench and torqued to the manufacturer’s
requirements. Threaded fittings shall have a positive locking device to prevent
unscrewing.

4) Instrumentation tubing, piping, and gauges shall be protected from accidental

mechanical damage. Sight glasses shall be listed.
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5) Lubricating oil lines shall use guarded pipe construction with the pressure feed
line located inside the return line. Where guarded pipe construction is not used,
piping sleeves shall be used to reduce the possibility of oil atomization. All
mechanical connections shall be guarded.

6) Containment and drainage shall be provided to minimize the spread of oil within
the nacelle or externally, which poses a risk to equipment or personnel below.

7) Fluid piping shall be routed below all electrical equipment to preclude leaked
fluid dripping on the equipment.

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b. For wind turbine generators, the following monitors and/or trip functions shall be
provided to safely monitor the operation of wind turbine generators and initiate a safe
shutdown of abnormal operating conditions or parameters:

1) Grid disturbance
2) Yaw errors or limits
3) Braking issues
4) Abnormal vibration
5) Overspeed (including wind conditions)
6) Temperature faults
7) Oil condition (gearbox/lubrication and hydraulic)
8) Motor protection
9) Loss of communication between modules or with control center
10) Blade angles and battery status
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c. For gearbox lubrication, a listed fire-resistant fluid shall be used. System designs shall
reflect a design objective to minimize the amount of oil needed and the amount of
piping and associated components outside of the gearbox.

d. Hydraulic control systems shall use a listed fire-resistive hydraulic fluid. System
designs shall reflect a design objective to minimize the amount of hydraulic fluid
needed and the amount of piping and associated components required.

e. Electrical power delivery and control systems, as well as communications systems,

including cabling, wiring, insulation, fans/motors, and cabinetry, shall meet the
applicable industry design standards for the use intended and duty cycle specified.
Such standards shall be applied to systems within the nacelle and tower as well as
those associated with moving power from the wind turbine units to the grid. Electrical
equipment shall consist of listed arc resistant switchgear.
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f. The plant design shall include features that address the exposures posed by dry type
transformers or transformers filled with a listed less-flammable fluid insulating oil. If
the transformers are not dry type, the design shall consider the transformer location,
containment of oil, spacing from other objects, including the tower, and the use of
barriers and fixed protection. Step-up transformer installations shall reflect a proper
evaluation of the exposure created with respect to other transformers as well as wind
farm support structures. Barrier walls shall be constructed, to control exposures created
with respect to other transformers and wind farm support structures. Batteries, as a
back-up power in the nacelle and hub of a wind turbine proper, and other support
structures (e.g., control rooms), shall be provided with adequate ventilation and shall be
kept clean.

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g. Lightning protection for blades, nacelles, towers, power lines, transformers, and
support structures shall be provided in accordance with International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) TR 61400-24, Wind Turbine Generator Systems—Part 24,
Lightning Protection.

h. Materials of construction shall be noncombustible or less-flammable materials.

Nacelles, towers, operations and maintenance/control buildings, and other support
structures such as relay houses, switch yard control buildings, and power
conditioning buildings, shall be constructed with noncombustible or less-flammable
materials.

i. Shield(s) shall be provided to isolate large quantity of sparks from high speed brakes
from combustible equipment components and locations where leaked combustible
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3. Fire Protection for Wind Generating Facilities

a. General

1) Fire detection and alarm systems shall be provided in the wind turbine and tower,
power delivery and control circuits, nacelles, electrical equipment enclosures, and
buildings. The systems shall be arranged to activate alarms at a constantly
attended location or via the provision of remote operator circuits.

2) Automatic Fire Suppression Systems (AFSS) shall be provided in the wind

turbine and tower, power delivery and control circuits, nacelles, electrical
equipment enclosures, and buildings.

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3) Wind turbine safe shutdown sequence/procedures for wind generating

facilities shall be submitted to the C/MFM having jurisdiction.

4) If the design of a particular facility use water-based fire protection systems,

these systems shall be in accordance with Chapter 7 of NFPA 850 and
other internationally accepted standards.

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b. Total Flooding Gaseous Systems

1) Where total flooding gaseous systems are used, electrical enclosures, cabinets,
or buildings shall be arranged for minimum leakage by automatic closing of
ventilation dampers and doors, as applicable, and automatic shutdown of fans.

2) Records of maintenance and inspection of total flooding gaseous agent systems

and interlocked equipment shall be reflected in the FSMR. 3) For electrical
enclosures or cabinetry located in buildings or other such structures, provisions
shall be addressed for safely removing the gas and potential toxic combustion
by-products from these structures following system actuation.

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c. Total Flooding Water Mist Systems

1) Where total flooding water mist systems are used, the system shall be installed in
accordance with NFPA 750, Standard on Water Mist Fire Protection Systems,
and shall be listed for the application. The system shall be installed in
accordance with the manufacturer’s installation procedures.

2) Electrical enclosures, cabinets, and buildings shall be arranged for reduced

leakage by automatic closing of doors, ventilation dampers, and automatic
shutdown of fans.

3) The water (and agent) supply shall be sized to be capable of providing protection
for as long as the hazards above the auto-ignition temperature exist. The system
shall be listed and sized for the application.
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Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

d. Compressed Air Foam Systems

1) Where compressed air foam systems are used, the system shall be installed in
accordance with NFPA 11, Standard for Low-, Medium-, and High-Expansion
Foam, and shall be listed for the application. The system shall be installed in
accordance with the manufacturer’s installation procedures.

2) The water (and agent) supply shall be sized to be capable of providing protection
for as long as the hazards above the auto-ignition temperature exist. The system
shall be listed and sized for the application.

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e. Nacelle Fire Protection

1) Automatic fixed fire protection shall be provided within the nacelle of a wind
turbine generator.

2) For sealed electrical enclosures and cabinets, discharge rates and duration shall be
such that cooling and shutdown occur to prevent re-ignition of the fire. System
operation shall be arranged to coincide with automatic shutdown of the wind
turbine and the positioning of local application nozzles shall be such that
maintenance access to the wind turbine components within the nacelle is
maintained.

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Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

3) For unsealed electrical enclosures and cabinets within the nacelle and tower, a
local application system shall be installed. Likewise, for the gearbox lubrication
system or hydraulic control system, a local application extinguishing system shall
be installed. Fire extinguishing systems for hydraulic control equipment shall
include protection of reservoirs, pumps, accumulators, piping, and actuating
systems. Listed systems shall be used.

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E. Electrical Equipment Enclosures and Buildings

1. Control enclosures, which contain control panels, switchgear, batteries, relays,

rectifiers, and electronic switching circuits, shall be provided depending on the size
and complexity of the wind generating facility site.

2. Auxiliary electrical equipment enclosures, which may contain excitation equipment,

switchgear, current transformers, potential transformers, grounding transformers, and
other electrical equipment, shall be provided

3. A smoke detection system shall be installed to provide early warning and alarm
functions in the event of an electrical fire within the enclosure.

4. An automatic suppression system shall provided for the enclosures.

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Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

SECTION 10.2.19.6 MOTION PICTURE AND TELEVISION PRODUCTION, STUDIO SOUNDSTAGES

AND APPROVED PRODUCTION FACILITIES.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
MOTION PICTURE AND TELEVISION PRODUCTION
STUDIO SOUNDSTAGES AND APPROVED PRODUCTION FACILITIES.

A. GENERAL B. SOUNDSTAGES AND C. PRODUCTION LOCATION

APPROVED PRODUCTION
FACILITIES
1. Applicability 1. Fire Safety Clearance 1. Fire Safety Clearance
2. Fire Safety Clearance 2. Decorative Materials 2. Decorative Materials
3. Standby BFP personnel 3. Electrical Requirements 3. Electrical Requirements
4. Fire department access 4. Means of Egress 4. Means of Egress
5. Smoking 5. Fire Protection 5. Fire Protection
6. Housekeeping
7. Pyrotechnic special
effect flame and open
flame
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
DEFINITION:
PRODUCTION STUDIO – A building , a portion of a building , or group of buildings designed
and constructed for use by the entertainment industry for the purpose of motion picture, television,
or commercial productions, or broadcasting television program utilizing a soundstage.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
DEFINITION:
SOUNDSTAGE– A building , a portion of a building, usually insulated from outside noise and
natural light, used by the entertainment industry for the purpose of motion picture, television, or
commercial productions.
 Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
DEFINITION:
APPROVED PRODUCTION FACILITY – An existing building , portion of a building, or group
of building renovated, modified, or reconstructed for use by the entertainment industry and
approved by the authority having jurisdiction for the purpose of motion picture, television, or
commercial production.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
DEFINITION:

PRODUCTION LOCATION – Any site other than a soundstage or approved production facility
used for the purpose of motion picture, television, or commercial production.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
A. General

1. Applicability

a. This Section address fire protection, property

protection, and life safety in motion picture and
television industry soundstages, approved
production facilities, and production locations.

b. Practices, processes, materials, and facilities

that are addressed by other Section of RA 9514
and its RIRR shall be governed by those
standards unless modified herein.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
A. General
1. Applicability
c. This Section shall apply to the following:
1) New buildings, or portions thereof, used as
soundstages or approved production facilities in
motion picture and television industry PRODUCTION STUDIO
productions.
2) Existing buildings, or portions thereof, used as
APPROVED PRODUCTION
soundstages or approved production facilities in
FACILITY
motion picture and television industry
productions to the extent specifically required by
other portions of this document
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
A. General
1. Applicability
c. This Section shall apply to the following:
3)Additions to buildings used as soundstages or approved production facilities in motion
picture and television industry productions
4)Alterations, modernizations, or renovations of existing buildings used as soundstages
or approved production facilities in motion picture and television industry productions
5)Existing buildings, or portions thereof, upon change of occupancy for use as
soundstages or approved production facilities in motion picture and television industry
productions
6)Production locations used in motion picture and television industry productions.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

A. General
1. Applicability

d. Existing soundstages, approved production facilities, and production locations that

are in accordance with requirements of the previous IRR at the time of the adoption
of this Section shall be permitted to remain in use under the following conditions:

1) The occupancy classification and use remain the same.

2) No serious hazards to life safety exist that would constitute an imminent threat.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

2. An FSC shall be secured from C/MFM having jurisdiction.

Soundstage and Approved

Production Facilities and Location
(mentioned in Para B.1 and Para
4.a of Section 10.2.19.6 of this
RIRR)
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

3. Standby BFP personnel shall be provided for soundstages, approved production facilities and
production locations where pyrotechnic special effects are used and for hazardous operations,
other than pyrotechnic special effects. In any case, members of the production company fire
brigade shall also be deployed on standby.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
4. Fire department access shall be maintained as required by the
C/MFM having jurisdiction.

5. Smoking shall be prohibited on soundstages, approved

production facilities and production locations. However,
smoking shall be allowed when it is a necessary part of a
performance, and only when the smoker is a member of the
cast.

6. Housekeeping shall be maintained in soundstages, approved

production facilities and production locations, in accordance
with Chapter 10, General Safety Requirements and Chapter 19,
Combustible Waste and Refuse of NFPA 1, Fire Code, where
applicable.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
7. Pyrotechnic Special Effects and Open Flames

a. The use of pyrotechnic special effects and open flames shall be subject to the approval of the
C/MFM having jurisdiction.

b. Where audience is present on set, the use of pyrotechnic special effects and open flames shall
be regulated in accordance with NFPA 1126, Standard for the Use of Pyrotechnics Before a
Proximate Audience and NFPA 160, Standard for the Use of Flame Effects Before an
Audience.
NFPA 1126
NFPA 160
5.3 Separation distance from unprotected heat
11.3.2.1 In all cases, at least two (2)
source or open flame. Pyrotechnic materials
pressurized water, class 2-A extinguisher
and devices shall not be stored within 15.3m
and two (2) class 10-BC extinguisher shall
of any unprotected source of heat or open
be provided , in addition two those
flame.
required by NFPA 10, for the building.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
B. Soundstages and Approved Production Facilities

1. An FSC shall be obtained for any of these activities:

a. Use of pyrotechnic special effects;

b. Use of open flames; Section 12.0.0.1 Schedule of Fees
c. Welding; and Fines
FSC = 2000 php
d. Use of flammable or combustible liquids or gases;
e. Use of aircrafts;
f. Presence of motor vehicles within a building;
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
B. Soundstages and Approved Production Facilities

2. Decorative Materials

a. Foamed plastic materials used for decorative

purposes, scenery, sets, or props shall have a heat
release rate not exceeding one hundred kilowatts (100
kW) where tested in accordance with UL 1975,
Standard for Fire Tests for Foamed Plastics Used for
Decorative Purposes, or where tested in accordance
with NFPA 289, Standard Method of Fire Test for
Individual Fuel Packages using the twenty kilowatts
(20 kW) ignition source.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
B. Soundstages and Approved Production Facilities
2. Decorative Materials

b. Combustible drapes, drops, and any other similar combustible

hangings or vertically placed materials shall comply with one of
the following options:

1) The materials meet the requirements of NFPA 701, Standard

Methods of Fire Tests for Flame Propagation of Textiles and
Films.

2) The materials exhibit a heat release rate not exceeding one

hundred kilowatts (100 kW) when tested in accordance with
NFPA 289 using the twenty kilowatts (20 kW) ignition source.

3) The materials are present in such limited quantity that a hazard

of fire development or spread is minimal.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
B. Soundstages and Approved Production Facilities
2. Decorative Materials
b. Combustible drapes, drops, and any other similar
combustible hangings or vertically placed materials shall
comply with one of the following options:

4) The materials are approved by the C/MFM having

jurisdiction to exhibit acceptable fire performance.

5) Approved interim measures are provided for the period

during which the combustible materials are present.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
B. Soundstages and Approved Production Facilities
2. Decorative Materials

c. Cut greens shall be treated with an approved fire retardant, and the process shall be repeated
as often as necessary to maintain its effectiveness.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
B. Soundstages and Approved Production Facilities

3. Electrical Requirements

a. Electrical equipment, wiring method to electrical

distribution equipment shall be in accordance with the
latest edition of PEC.

b. Soundstages and approved production facilities shall be

provided with a minimum of three hundred seventy-seven
watts per square meter (377 W/m2) dedicated for
production lighting and power.

c. The electrical distribution equipment used shall comply

with UL 1640, Standard for Portable Power-Distribution
Equipment and with the latest edition of PEC.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
B. Soundstages and Approved Production Facilities
3. Electrical Requirements

d. The location of portable, mobile, or stationary power-generating

equipment shall be subject to the approval of the C/MFM having
jurisdiction.

e. Exterior penetrations shall be located near the pre-designated

location for portable and mobile power-generating equipment.

f. Auxiliary power cables supplied from mobile generators or

adjacent buildings shall not be routed through fire-rated windows
and doors.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
B. Soundstages and Approved Production Facilities Noncombustible matls
3. Electrical Requirements

g. Portable feeder cables shall be allowed to Cable feeder

temporarily penetrate fire-rated walls, floors, or
ceilings, provided that all of the following
apply:

1) The opening is of noncombustible material.

2) When in use, the penetration is sealed with a Temporary seal-fire stop

temporary seal of an approved firestop material.
Cap

3) When not in use, the opening shall be capped

with a material of equivalent fire rating.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
B. Soundstages and Approved Production Facilities
3. Electrical Requirements Conduit

h. Where the penetration utilize a conduit, metal

–threaded caps shall be attached to the pipe by
means of chain or cable and shall effectively caps
the conduit when not in use.

i. The lighting equipment used shall comply with

UL 1573, Standard for stage and studio
luminaires and connector strips and the
provisions of the latest edition of PEC.
Cap with chain
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
B. Soundstages and Approved Production Facilities
Div. 8. Places of
Exit 1

4. Means of Egress Assembly

a. Means of egress and exit detail capacities shall be in accordance

with Section 10.2.8.2 of this RIRR.

b. The maximum travel distance to an exit within the soundstage shall

be forty-five meters (45 m). Aisle

c. Soundstage and approved production facilities shall have an aisle

along the perimeter of the soundstage or facilities and shall maintain

dis
an unobstructed height of two and one tenth meters (2.1 m).

tra e 45m
tan
vel
c
d. A soundstage or approved production facility with a gross area not
exceeding one hundred thirty-nine square meters (139 m2) shall be
exempt from the perimeter aisle requirement provided that there is a
minimum of two (2) exits.
Exit 2
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
B. Soundstages and Approved Production Facilities
4. Means of Egress General
Provision
Illumination of
e. Emergency lighting shall be provided for the means of egress in means of egress
accordance with Section 10.2.5.11 of this RIRR

f. Any door in a required means of egress from an area having an

occupant load of one hundred (100) persons or more shall be
allowed to be provided with a latch or lock only if it is panic
hardware or fire exit hardware.

g. Means of egress shall be kept clear of obstructions and tripping

hazards.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
B. Soundstages and Approved Production Facilities
4. Means of Egress

h. When an audience is present, an announcement shall be

made notifying the audience of the following:

1) The location of exits to be used in case of fire or other

emergency

2) The means that will be used to notify the audience of

fire or other emergency.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
B. Soundstages and Approved Production Facilities
Div. 6. Features of Fire Protection
5. Fire Protection Section 10.2.6.7 Automatic
sprinkler and other extinguishing
a. Extinguishment Requirements equipment

1) Existing soundstages and existing approved production

facilities equipped with automatic sprinkler systems shall be
in accordance with Section 10.2.6.7 and Section 10.2.8.8 of
this RIRR and NFPA 13,

Div. 8. Places of
Assembly
Section 10.2.8.8
Protection
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
B. Soundstages and Approved Production Facilities
5. Fire Protection

2) A new soundstage or new approved production facility shall be equipped

with an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system in accordance
with Section 10.2.6.7 and Section 10.2.8.8 of this RIRR and NFPA 13.

a) The requirements of NFPA 13, prohibiting obstructions to sprinkler

discharge shall not be applicable if approved mitigation is employed.

b) The requirements of NFPA 13, prohibiting obstructions to sprinkler

discharge shall not be applicable if the building sprinkler system meets
the design criteria for Extra Hazard, Group 2 Occupancies of NFPA 13.

3) Portable fire extinguishers shall be installed and maintained in accordance

with Section 10.2.6.9 of this RIRR.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
B. Soundstages and Approved Production Facilities
5. Fire Protection

b. Fire alarm system notification appliances within soundstages and approved

production facilities shall be allowed to be deactivated with the approval of
the C/MFM having jurisdiction during videotaping, filming, or broadcasting
of programs provided the following conditions exist:

1) In the event of alarm system activation, notification appliances shall

activate at a location that is constantly attended during the videotaping,
filming, or broadcasting of programs.

2) The attendants of the location shall be provided with a means of

communicating with the fire command center for the building, where one is
provided, and with the occupants of the soundstage to initiate emergency
action.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
B. Soundstages and Approved Production Facilities

5. Fire Protection

b. Fire alarm system notification appliances within soundstages and approved production facilities shall be
allowed to be deactivated with the approval of the C/MFM having jurisdiction during videotaping,
filming, or broadcasting of programs provided the following conditions exist:

3) Deactivation of notification appliances shall cause activation of a visual signal at an

approved location, which shall remain illuminated while notification appliances on the
soundstage are deactivated.

4) The visual signal shall be identified by a sign that shall read, “WHEN ILLUMINATED,
SOUNDSTAGE FIRE ALARM SYSTEM NOTIFICATION APPLIANCES ARE
DEACTIVATED.”
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
B. Soundstages and Approved Production Facilities
5. Fire Protection

c. Heating, Ventilating and Air-conditioning ductwork and related equipment shall be in

good working order and shall be in accordance with Section 10.2.7.2 of this RIRR.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
C. Production Locations

1. An FSC shall be obtained from the C/MFM having jurisdiction, for any of the
following activities:

a. Use of the site as a production location;

b. Use of pyrotechnic special effects; Section 12.0.0.1 Schedule of Fees and
c. Use of open flames; Fines
FSC = 2000 php
d. Welding;
e. Use of flammable or combustible liquids or gases;
f. Use of aircraft; or
g. Presence of motor vehicles within a building.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
C. Production Locations

2. Foamed plastic materials used for

decorative purposes, scenery, sets, or props
shall have a heat release rate not exceeding
one hundred kilowatts (100 kW) when
tested in accordance with UL 1975, or
where tested in accordance with NFPA 289,
using the twenty kilowatts (20 kW) ignition
source.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
C. Production Locations

3. Electrical Requirements

a. Electrical power connections made on the site shall be installed by an electrical practitioner.

b. Portable cables shall be positioned to allow for emergency egress as approved by the C/MFM
having jurisdiction.

c. Auxiliary power cables supplied from mobile generators or adjacent buildings shall be allowed to
be routed through fire-rated windows and doors with the approval of the C/MFM having
jurisdiction.

d. Where power from both mobile generators and site electrical services are used to energize
equipment in the same proximate location at production locations, grounds for the two systems
shall be bonded in accordance with the latest edition of PEC.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
C. Production Locations

4. The production location shall be provided with means of egress appropriate for the
intended use.

5. Fire Protection

a. Building areas used as production locations shall be designed, constructed, and

maintained to protect the occupants not intimate with the initial fire development for the
time needed to evacuate, relocate, or defend in place.

b.Any production location building protected by an existing automatic sprinkler system,

where solid or hard-ceiling sets or platforms are introduced to create an obstruction to
sprinkler discharge, shall be in accordance Section 10.2.6.7 of this RIRR.
Rule 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
C. Production Locations
5. Fire Protection

c. Prohibiting obstructions to sprinkler discharge shall not be applicable if approved mitigation is

employed in accordance Section 10.2.6.7 of this RIRR.

d. Prohibiting obstructions to sprinkler discharge shall not be applicable if the building sprinkler
system meets the design criteria for Extra Hazard, Group 2, as defined in NFPA 13.

e. Automatic sprinkler systems, where provided, shall be maintained in accordance with Section
10.2.6.7 of this RIRR.

f. Portable fire extinguishers shall be provided as required in accordance with Section 10.2.6.9.

g. Hydrants, standpipes, and fire department connections shall not be obstructed, blocked, or
rendered inoperable.
Rule 10 Fire Safety Measures

SECTION 10.2.19.7 OFF-SHORE ENERGY FACILITIES

A. Specific Facility Protection

All off-shore energy facilities shall be provided with appropriate fire safety measures under
this Section or equivalent protection in accordance with internationally accepted standards
and good design and engineering practices.

1. Wellhead Areas

a. The wellhead area, including wellheads, flow-lines, manifolds (when located on the
wellhead side of the blast division), etc., shall be regarded as a single fire area to be
covered by a deluge system, unless physical separation is provided to sub-divide it into
separate areas.
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Rule 10 Fire Safety Measures

b. Dedicated Equipment Protection shall be required for wellheads that are likely to
convey hydrocarbons.

c. The deluge system shall cover all wellheads.

d. The deluge valve and water supply shall be sized for the maximum number of
wellheads anticipated to convey hydrocarbons.

e. The system nozzle connections shall initially be plugged for new projects where the
number and location of hydrocarbon wellheads are not known.

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Rule 10 Fire Safety Measures

f. As wellheads are identified to likely convey hydrocarbons, the plugs shall be replaced
with nozzles intended for use as identified in the design.

g. The types and location of nozzles shall be selected to avoid any interference with the
drilling sequence, work-overs, maintenance, etc.

h. A minimum of two (2) nozzles per wellhead shall be installed and positioned to spray
upwards from low level to protect the lower region of the wellhead, thereby increasing
protection to the upper portions of the wellhead and surrounding equipment.

i. Flow-lines and manifolds not protected shall be provided with area protection.

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Rule 10 Fire Safety Measures

j. Fixed and/or fixed automatic oscillating monitors may be used to apply water to
specific targets, protect firefighters and escape routes, and cool areas at the boundary
of the fire affected area. Monitors may be used simultaneously with any deluge
system to prevent escalation by means of discretionary boundary cooling or to
protect personnel.

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Rule 10 Fire Safety Measures

2. Flare Knockout Drum.

Passive Fire Protection shall be the primary protection technique.

3. Riser Isolation Valving and Pipe Work

a. Protection of risers, riser isolation valving and cross-platform interconnecting pipe work
shall be defined during the Fire Hazard Assessment.

b. Passive Fire Protection shall be selected for riser elements essential to the integrity of the
riser outboard of the Emergency Shutdown (ESD) valve (including the ESD valve itself.)

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Rule 10 Fire Safety Measures

c. Deluge or automatic monitor protection of cross-over piping inboard of the riser ESD
valve shall be provided on all manned facilities, except those where a temporary refuge is
located on an adjacent bridge-linked facility.

d. Deluge or automatic fixed firewater protection of cross-over pipeline inter-connections

on multi-platform facilities shall be installed where fire or explosion will not threaten the
main areas used to muster personnel and where manual systems can be applied to contain
an incident.

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Rule 10 Fire Safety Measures
4. Process Areas

a. A process area shall, wherever practicable, be regarded as a single fire area unless
physical separation is provided to sub-divide it into different deluge zones.

b. For modules/areas (e.g., integrated naturally ventilated decks) where a fire is likely to
trigger deluge in the adjacent fire areas, and hence place additional demand on the
firewater system, consideration shall be given to sub-dividing the system on each level to
allow partial isolation, thus permitting efficient deployment of firewater.

c. Equipment Protection shall be provided to low-pressure vessels if there is the likelihood of

a Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosion (BLEVE) type failure of the vessel.

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Rule 10 Fire Safety Measures

d. Vessels containing a small quantity of flammable liquid or gas may not require Equipment
Protection deluge, provided there is Area Protection and it is demonstrated that ignited
releases of hydrocarbon from the vessel do not jeopardize the integrity of critical safety
equipment.

e. For vessels containing a small quantity of flammable liquid or gas, monitors shall be
provided to supplement the area deluge system.

f. If pipe work or vessels containing hydrocarbons are located in, or pass through, the beam
space, then additional spray heads shall be located above such pipes or vessels.

g. Deluge systems shall not be specified to prevent escalation of jet fires.

256
Rule 10 Fire Safety Measures

5. Drilling Module and Substructure

a. The fire protection design philosophy for drilling module and substructure shall
consider the requirements for personnel, structural and equipment protection.

b. A deluge system and/or fixed monitors shall be provided in the drill floor area to
protect personnel from radiated heat; equipment that may be used to control the well
(e.g., blowout preventer control panel, choke/kill manifold, doghouse); and the “Poor
Boy” degasser.

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Rule 10 Fire Safety Measures

c. Automatic deluge systems protecting the drilling module and drilling substructure may
be taken out of automatic mode to allow manual operation at the drilling supervisor’s
discretion, either at the local deluge valve or by the actuation of a suitably located
electrical or pneumatic shielded push-button.

6. Structural Protection
a. All the primary load-bearing structural steelwork (with the exception of that essential to
the support of a Temporary Refuge) in process and wellhead areas, or in any area that
contains a significant fire hazard, may be protected either by deluge or Passive Fire
Protection (PFP). If deluge is used, it shall be installed to avoid local damage.

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Rule 10 Fire Safety Measures

b. Structures essential to the integrity of the Temporary Refuge (TR) and Evacuation
Escape and Rescue (EER) facilities (e.g., lifeboat launching, helideck and muster
platform) shall be protected by PFP.

c. For structural protection, deluge systems shall use either medium/high-velocity

sprayers or specialized nozzles (e.g., incorporating a narrow spray pattern to reduce
wastage).

d. The water application rate for plant and primary load-bearing structural steelwork shall
be at least ten and two tenths liters per minute per square meter (10.2 L/min/m2) over
the surface area of the structural member.

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Rule 10 Fire Safety Measures

e. Spray heads shall be located on the side of the steelwork facing the area protected by
the deluge system supplying the spray heads.

f. In the case of a structural member located entirely within the protected area, spray heads
shall alternate on either side of the member to achieve the discharge densityover the
wetted area.

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Rule 10 Fire Safety Measures

7. Helideck

a. Fire protection system

1) If the Fire Explosion Strategy identifies that a fire protection system is required for
a helideck, then the fire protection and firefighting system shall be designed as per
the requirement of Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines (CAAP) or other
Internationally Accepted Standards.

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Rule 10 Fire Safety Measures

2) Positions shall be allocated on or near the helideck to be called the “HELICOPTER

LANDING OFFICER’S (HLO) POSITIONS”:

a) HLO positions shall be the focal point for firefighting and control actions during an
emergency;

b) HLO positions shall be identified on the Installation Safety Plan;

c) There shall be two (2) HLO positions, each located adjacent to foam monitor and may
form part of a helideck access platform;

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Rule 10 Fire Safety Measures

d) HLO position is not required to be adjacent to each monitor if three (3) or more
monitors are installed;

e) A firewater pump start switch shall be located at each HLO position; and

f) A control valve shall also be located at each HLO position to allow the HLO to start and
stop all helideck firefighting monitors from this location.

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Rule 10 Fire Safety Measures
b. Foam system

1) Foam system for fire protection and firefighting at the helideck may be the Fixed Monitor
System (FMS) or Deck Integrated Foam Firefighting System (DIFFS).

2) Compressed Air Foam (CAF) System shall be the preferred means of protecting the
helideck of Normally Unmanned Installation (NUI).

3) The foam system shall be able to be initiated from nominated HLO positions.

4) The firewater pump shall be able to be started from at least two (2) separate positions,
including any nominated HLO positions.

5) Each helideck foam monitor shall be supplied with firewater/foam solution via a dedicated
foam storage tank.
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Rule 10 Fire Safety Measures
6) Each dedicated foam tank shall be:

a) capable of supplying at least ten minutes (10 min) foam concentrate to the associated
helideck monitor;

b) sized to provide foam solution quantity to extinguish or control all likely helideck
incident scenarios;

c) located adjacent to the monitors;

d) provided with a manually operated control valve located immediately upstream of the
foam tank at the HLO’s position;

e) suitably sized to permit the operation of all the helideck monitors at the same time.
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Rule 10 Fire Safety Measures

7) Control valves shall be clearly marked and accessible.

8) If the foam tanks are remote from the monitors, the control valve shall be a manually
remote-operated pneumatic control valve.

9) Pneumatic control valves shall be located within a cabinet, manufactured from materials
that take into account the operating environment

10) Each cabinet shall incorporate a non-lockable front access door and shall be clearly
marked, “FOAM MONITOR CONTROL CABINET”. The duty firewater pump start
switch may also be located within the cabinet.

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11) Back air supply for the pneumatic control valve shall be provided via a stainless

12) The air reservoir shall be sized to open and close the valve three (3) times and have a
minimum volume of ten liters (10 L).

13) The air reservoir shall be connected to the offshore facility’s instrument air supply

14) On offshore facilities without an instrument air supply or on unmanned offshore

facilities, the helideck foam monitors (if installed) shall be locally controlled by the
manual operation of a valve located upstream of the foam tank.

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15) Water for the foam system and monitors shall be supplied via a firewater sub-main
located under the helideck, incorporating isolation valves to ensure firewater supply
from two (2) directions.

16) Block valves that isolate the helideck firewater sub-main from the helideck foam
storage facilities shall be fire-safe.

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c. Monitors

1) Monitors for foam systems shall be water-powered, automatically oscillating, and have
a low-profile design.

2) Monitors shall be spaced around the perimeter of the helideck taking into account the
orientation of the offshore facility and worst-case wind conditions. If three (3)
monitors are installed, each shall be capable of projecting a minimum of fifty percent
(50%) of the total foam solution demand, with the discharged foam reaching to the far
side of the helicopter landing area under the worst anticipated wind conditions.

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3) Monitors shall be positioned so that when in operation, the water jets do not impede the
escape of passengers from the helicopter.

4) Monitors shall use a constant-flow nozzle to prevent the foam concentrate pickup rate
varying with firewater flow rate. The nozzle “K” factor shall match the Pelton Wheel
characteristics.

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8. Pipe work and fittings

a. The inlet and discharge flanges of the foam system shall terminate at a common skid
edge, suitable for connection to horizontal pipe work.

b. The discharge flange shall be positioned such that the drainage of the tank through the
pump and check valve is prevented.

c. The Pelton Wheel driven pump discharge line shall incorporate a relief valve
arrangement that is sized to discharge foam concentrate back to the bottom of the tank
when pumping against a closed valve.

d. The pump discharge pipe work shall incorporate a pressure gauge and check valve.

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e. The firewater inlet line to the Pelton Wheel shall incorporate a pressure gauge, filter
and isolation valve.

f. All pressure gauges shall be liquid filled, have a one hundred millimeters (100 mm)
face with Monel trim, incorporate an isolation valve and be mounted so that the effects
of vibration are eliminated.

g. The pipe work between the tank and the pump shall incorporate an isolation valve and
a flushing connection.

h. The Manufacturer/Supplier shall incorporate a throttling valve on the pump line to

permit minor adjustments. The throttling valve shall have a removable handle and shall
be capable of being locked into position.

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9. Pump and gearbox

a. The pump shall be of the gear-type positive displacement design.

b. The pump shall be of proprietary design and manufacture and shall be suitable for use in
an exposed marine environment when permanently filled with AFFF concentrate.

c. The pump shall be designed to run with the foam tank empty and the Manufacturer/
Supplier shall state the operating life of the pump when running under this condition.

d. The foam concentrate pump shall meet the requirement of NFPA 20, Standard for the
Installation of Stationary Pumps for Fire Protection.

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10. Foam storage tanks

a. Foam storage tanks shall be constructed of Glass Reinforced Plastic (GRP), e.g.,
isophthalic polyester fiberglass.

b. Orthophthalic polyester fiberglass composites and/or room-temperature-cured epoxy

systems shall not be used.

c. Foam tanks shall have the following fittings:

1) inspection opening [min. clear inside diameter is one hundred fifty millimeters (150
mm), incorporating lockable hinged cover and vent arrangement. Material of cover to be
stainless steel 316 or same as tank body;

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2) clear isophthalic polyester strip moulded into tank to act as level gauge;

3) one hundred millimeters (100 mm) diameter filling connection with anti-froth tube and
quick-release cap in stainless steel;

4) drain connection;

5) relief valve return line (anti-froth).

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11. Skid

a. Complete foam tank assemblies shall be mounted on a skid of compact design to

suit the footprint space available.
b. Overall skid height shall not exceed one meter (1 m) to allow installation on the
access platform adjacent to the helideck.
c. The Manufacturer/Supplier shall ensure that skids and all ancillary equipment are
designed in accordance with the specified lifting and transportation requirements.
d. Lifting and fixing eyes shall also be provided.
e. A nameplate/instruction plate of corrosion-resistant material (e.g., austenitic
stainless steel or cast bronze) shall be provided and secured in a prominent position
on each skid.

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f. The following information shall be displayed on the nameplate:

1) manufacturer’s name and/or identification mark;

2) tank capacity;
3) type of concentrate; and
4) any start-up instructions.

12. Accommodation Areas

a. The Fire and Explosion Strategy shall identify the Active Fire Protection
requirement for accommodation areas.

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b. The following shall be the typical methodology for protection of accommodation
areas:
1) Corridors and stairwells shall be provided with automatic sprinklers, water hose reels
and water extinguishers.
2) Fire doors in corridors shall have magnetic latches released upon a change in platform
status;
3) Cabins - automatic sprinklers;
4) Offices/Public Rooms/Sick Bay - automatic sprinklers;
5) Public rooms are provided with water extinguishers;
6) Galley - automatic sprinklers and CO2 extinguishers are provided. The deep fat fryer is
provided with a drop-down lid held open by a fusible link;
7) Galley hood/extract duct - Local carbon dioxide extinguishing system; and
8).Radio/Switchgear/Telecom Equipment/HVAC Plant Rooms – CO2 extinguisher.

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B. Firefighting Equipment

1. Hydrants
a. The following points shall be considered when locating hydrants:
1) the provision of safe access to and deployment of equipment from hydrants under all
fire conditions;
2) hydrants shall be located so that not more than two hose lengths need to be deployed
from any hydrant in order to allow ease of hose handling and speed of
response;
3) hydrants shall be located outside, or on the periphery of, areas in which the discharge
equipment they serve needs to be used;

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b. If hydrants and ancillary equipment are designed to back up fixed systems, they shall not be
supplied from the same section of the fire main as the fixed system
(e.g., deluge/sprinklers).
c. Each hydrant risers shall be provided with an isolation valve to allow maintenance of an
individual hydrant valve.
d. The discharge flow/pressure shall not exceed approximately seven (7) barg with one
thousand (1,000) L/min flow.
e. Proprietary items developed to limit discharge pressures shall be used and the speed of
response of the device shall be fast enough to cope with the surges caused when a main
firewater pump starts up.
f. The pressure regulating devices shall be cased elastomeric ring type with no moving parts.

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g. If equipment with different operating pressures is used at a hydrant outlet, pressure

regulation shall be provided by removable rather than in-line units.
h. Normally ancillary equipment (e.g., hoses, nozzles, valve keys.) shall be located in a
cabinet immediately adjacent to a hydrant outlet.

2. Hose reels, hose lines

a. Typical flow rates achievable are:

1) Hose reels with twenty-five millimeters (25 mm) diameter hose = one fifty (150) L/min
2) Hose line nozzles on forty-five millimeters (45 mm) diameter hose = four fifty (450) L/min
3) Hose line nozzles on sixty-five millimeters (65 mm) diameter hose = one thousand (1,000)
L/min

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b. Foam solution can be discharged through hose lines. If aspirated foam is required,
special foam nozzles are necessary. For unaspirated foam, normal water application
equipment can be used provided a film-forming foam concentrate is used.

c. Typical application rates for hand-held equipment applying foam solution to spill fires
are in the range of four (4) L/min m2 to eight (8) L/min m2 as required by NFPA 11.
The concentrate-proportioning devices suitable for hand-held equipment are usually
line proportioners and pressure drops shall be allowed.

d. Self-inducing nozzles are not normally appropriate because they require a source of
foam concentrate at the nozzle itself and consequently reduce maneuverability.

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e. Consideration shall be taken of hose weight and maneuverability:

1) reeled hose lengths shall be limited to thirty meters (30 m);

2) individual hose lengths used from hydrants shall be limited to twenty (20 m);

3) if the specified application rates and pressures are achievable using hoses, forty-five
millimeters (45 mm) hose shall be used in preference to sixty-five millimeters (65 mm)
hose for ease of handling.

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3. Monitors

a. Monitors shall be either fixed in position and served directly from the firewater main or
portable and served via hose lines from hydrants.

b. Deployment and adjustment of portable monitors is labor-intensive and time consuming

and they shall not be considered as a means of primary active fire protection but may be
deployed to supplement fixed systems/equipment.

c. Monitors can be used to provide protection in open deck areas where deluge systems are
impractical or are not considered an appropriate protection method.

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d. The use of fixed and/or fixed automatic oscillating monitors shall be considered for
applying water to specific targets, protecting firefighters and escape routes and cooling
areas at the boundary of the fire-affected area.

e. Monitors shall have a dedicated supply from the firewater main with a manual isolation
valve external to the area.

f. Monitors shall be accessible in the event of a fire and protected from blast and/or damage
from falling objects.

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4. Sprinkler Systems

a. Selection of the sprinkler system type shall take into account environmental conditions
and the water damage that it may cause. The selected sprinkler system type shall be
designed in accordance with a recognized standard, such as NFPA 13.

b. Sprinkler systems used on offshore facilities shall be one of the following types:

1) wet-pipe;
2) dry-pipe; and
3) pre-action

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c. Sprinkler heads with a nominal orifice of less than ten millimeters (10 mm) and a metric
‘K’ function of less than forty-seven (47) shall not be used.

d. In areas with high ventilation air currents, additional sprinkler locations may be required
to cover the heat plume/heat travel from the design fire scenarios.

e. Sprinklers in cooking areas shall not impinge directly onto the equipment used for
heating cooking oil or fat.

f. Frangible-bulb-actuated automatic spray sprinkler heads shall be used in sprinkler

systems on offshore facilities.

g. Fusible-link or fusible-strut type sprinkler heads shall not be used

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h. Sprinkler heads shall be upright and located above the branch pipes except in areas having
suspended ceilings, where decorative type pendant heads may be used with connections being
taken from the top of the branch pipe and the heads being located in the center of ceiling tiles
where practicable.

i. In areas having suspended ceilings where decorative type pendant heads may be used then the
sprinkler head shall be sited below the tiles with ceiling rosettes around the base of each
sprinkler head.

j. All sprinkler heads shall be suitable for use with raw sea water, even though systems may be
charged with fresh water.

k. Actuation of one (1) or more sprinkler heads shall be detected by either a flow switch in the
pipe work or a differential pressure flow transmitter connected to the firewater shutdown
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l. A manual isolation valve shall be provided immediately upstream of the sprinkler control
valve.

1) The manual isolation valve shall have an indicator to show open and closed positions.

2) The manual isolation shall be locked with leather straps or nylon chains and padlocks
under normal operating conditions.

3) A key for the padlocks shall be provided in a break-glass type container adjacent to the
valve

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5. Deluge Systems

a. The deluge system for water spray system shall be designed as per the requirement of
NFPA 15, Standard for Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire Protection.

b. The foam-water spray system using deluge shall be designed as per NFPA 16, Standard for
the Installation of Foam-Water Sprinkler and Foam-Water Spray Systems. Deluge systems
shall provide a uniform application of water to equipment and pipe work within a
designated fire risk area in order to cool the area, prevent failure of the equipment and pipe
work therein and prevent escalation of the incident to other areas. For extinguishing the
hydrocarbon pool fires, foam-water spray using Deluge system shall be considered.

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c. A feature shall be provided to enable the deluge valves to be tested without discharging
firewater through the pipe work or nozzles.

d. The deluge system shall have a deluge valve that is separated from the area that the system
is protecting by locating it at a distance, by means of a rated fire wall or by locating it
within an enclosure.

e. In order to maintain a firewater supply to a deluge system, a secondary supply that is

connected to the system shall be considered.

f. The deluge system shall have manually operated isolating valves that are of fire safe
design.
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g. If the water quality can cause blockage of the pipe work or spray nozzles, a strainer shall be
located immediately upstream of the deluge valve.

1) The strainer shall be sized for the full design flow and pressure conditions of the deluge
system.

2) A manual bypass around the strainer shall be fitted to allow maintenance of the strainer.

h. All piping downstream of deluge valve shall be self-draining.

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i. The deluge system shall be designed to protect personnel by means of radiation water
screens and/or a water spray system.

1) Water screens/drenchers shall be located near natural fire-breaks, e.g., main walkways
and/or escape and evacuation routes to create a water curtain as an exposure/radiated
heat protection barrier for personnel.

2) The use of monitors may also be considered although their effectiveness is likely to be
limited, unless they are used to back up other fixed systems.

j. General area protection shall be provided by means of open sprinklers positioned to

achieve a typical minimum discharge density of ten and two tenths liters per minute per
square meter (10.2 L/min/m2) of floor area for uncongested areas.

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k. For congested areas and in the vicinity of hydrocarbon pumps and compressors the
discharge density may have to be increased up to twenty and four tenths (20.4) L/min per
m2 based on test data or knowledge based on similar condition to those that will apply
on the offshore facility in question.

l. Water application rate, for water curtains providing personal protection on escape and
evacuation routes for personal protection against pool fires, shall be between fifteen to
forty-five (15-45) L/min per m.

m. High-pressure jet fires are very intense, transfer heat at high rates to any object in the
high-momentum region of the flame and are difficult to extinguish using water spray or
foam deluge systems.

n. The primary extinguishment technique for high pressure jet fires shall be to remove the
pressure and isolate the fuel source.
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o. Specific equipment protection shall be provided where there is a threat of escalation that
cannot be controlled by blowdown or contained by Area Protection using open sprinklers.
Specific equipment protection shall be provided for equipment in shadowed areas where
area protection is deemed ineffective.

p. Deluge systems shall have dedicated nozzles for protection of primary load-bearing
structural steelwork to avoid local damage from credible fire risks.

q. Structural protection may be considered for all primary load-bearing structural steelwork
not essential to the support of the Temporary Refuge (TR) and Evacuation Escape and
Rescue (EER) facilities in areas where there is a significant fire risk.
.

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r. Structures essential to the support of the TR and EER facilities shall be protected by
Passive Fire Protection to ensure that they survive long enough under all foreseeable fire
conditions to allow evacuation of the offshore facility

s. Spray heads for structural protection shall be located on the side of the steelwork facing the
area protected by the deluge system. If a structural member is located entirely within the
protected area, spray heads shall alternate on either side of the member.

t. The deluge valve shall automatically open if the air pressure falls below that required to
keep the valve closed. The air shall be supplied to the deluge valve assembly from the air
supply through a pressure regulator.

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u. Pneumatic systems shall be capable of preventing spurious deluge release for two (2)
hours after loss of instrument air supply.

v. An air reservoir [typically five liters (5 L) capacity] may be provided to maintain the
deluge valve in a closed position. The size of the air reservoir shall consider maximum
leakage rate per joint (excluding threaded connections) of less than two thousand eight
hundred thirty-two liters (2,832 L) per year.

w. A correctly sized restriction orifice [typically one millimeter (1 mm) diameter hole size)]
shall be installed in the pneumatic supply immediately downstream of the regulator and
air reservoir where fitted.

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6. Foam Systems
a. The foam system shall be selected and designed in accordance with the requirements of
NFPA 11, Standard for Low, Medium, and High -Expansion Foam Systems or NFPA
16, Standard for the Installation of Foam-Water Sprinkler and Foam-Water Spray
Systems.
b. Design quantity of the foam concentrate shall be capable to meet the minimum system
running times with one hundred percent (100%) backup.

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c. Central foam systems shall not be utilized as a primary source of foam solution to hand
held equipment. This is to avoid compromising the quantity of foam available to protect
the equipment for which the foam system is primarily designed.
d. Foam “low-level” indication shall be provided for foam concentrate storage tanks
where automatic foam discharge shut-down is required. Foam concentrate flow
indication shall be provided for all systems.

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7. Gaseous Extinguishing System

a. The Fire Hazard Assessment shall determine the type of extinguishing agent, the spaces
that needs to be protected by each system, and the method of activating the system.
b. Only extinguishing agents that do not have a negative impact on the environment and
are not electrically conductive shall be applied in gaseous extinguishing systems.
c. The use of carbon dioxide shall not be used unless approved by the Principal due to the
asphyxiation risk.
d. Extinguishing agents e.g., water mist system, as per NFPA 750, Standard on Water
Mist Fire Protection Systems or other clean agents as per NFPA 2001, Standard on
Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems, shall be used.

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SECTION 10.2.19.9 SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) SYSTEM

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SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) SYSTEM

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SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) SYSTEM

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SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) SYSTEM

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SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) SYSTEM

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A. General

1. All Solar PV electrical energy systems, including the array

circuit(s), inverter(s), and controller(s) for such systems shall
comply with the installation requirements of the latest edition of
PEC and NFPA 70. All materials used (panels, inverters, battery,
and the like) must be compliant with UL fire safety standards or
equivalent international standards like International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).

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2. All Electrical Energy Storage for Solar PV Systems such as

batteries must be installed in accordance with the latest edition of
PEC and NFPA 70. The interconnected battery cells shall be
considered grounded where the PV power source is installed.
Battery room must be adequately ventilated, with not less than
two-hour (2-hr) fire rating, and with system protection.

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3. All Solar PV must have adequate system protection like Direct

Current (DC) and Alternating Current (AC) breakers or fuse, surge
protection and safety disconnect or isolation in case of fire and
system maintenance.

4. The plans, design, and specification of the Solar PV System shall be

signed and sealed by a Professional Electrical Engineer (PEE) for
the issuance of Electrical Installation Clearance.

5. Installation of equipment and all associated wiring and

interconnections shall be performed only by qualified Electrical
Practitioners or Registered Electrical Engineer (REE).

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B. Solar PV systems with a maximum system voltage over one

thousand volts (1,000 V) DC shall comply with NFPA 70 and other
requirements applicable to installations rated over one thousand
volts (1,000 V).

C. Solar PV systems used directly to charge electric vehicles shall

comply with latest edition of PEC and NFPA 70.

D. All Solar PV roof insulation shall comply with the latest civil and
structural requirements of the latest edition of the National Building
Code of the Philippines (NBCP) to ensure structural integrity and
consumer safety. All host Structures of Solar PV systems shall
comply with the installation requirements of the latest edition of PEC
and NFPA 70.
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E. All Solar PV system shall be inspected and properly maintained

in accordance with the manufacturer’s instruction or with the
latest edition of PEC. Reports shall be attached to FSMR and be
submitted to the C/MFM having jurisdiction.

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SECTION 10.2.19.11 UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES AND WINDOWLESS BUILDINGS

D. Road Tunnel

Fire protection and fire life safety requirements for road tunnels shall be provided in
accordance with NFPA 502, Standard for Road Tunnels, Bridges, and Other Limited
Access Highways or other internationally accepted standards. The provisions cited below
shall not apply to a roadway or portion of a roadway not fully enclosed on both sides, or
not fully enclosed on top, or any combination thereof.

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1. Road tunnel shall be categorized as follows:

a. Category X – Where tunnel length is less than ninety meters (90 m).
b. Category A – Where tunnel length is ninety meters (90 m) but not greater than two
hundred thirty-nine meters (239 m) .
c. Category B – Where tunnel length is two hundred forty meters (240 m) but not greater
than two hundred ninety-nine meters (299 m), and where the maximum distance from
any point within the tunnel to a point of safety exceeds one hundred twenty meters
(120 m).
d. Category C – Where the tunnel length is three hundred meters (300 m) but not greater
than nine hundred ninety-nine meters (999 m).
e. Category D – Where the tunnel length equals or exceeds one thousand meters (1,000
m).

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2. Tunnels described in categories B, C, and D shall have at least one (1) manual fire
alarm and detection means of identifying and locating a fire.

3. Tunnels described in categories B, C, and D without twenty-four hour (24-hr)

supervision shall have an automatic fire detection system in accordance with para 9
below.

4. Closed-circuit television (CCTV) systems with traffic flow indication devices or

surveillance cameras shall be permitted for use to identify and locate fires in tunnels
with twenty-four hour (24-hr) supervision.

5. When water-based firefighting systems are installed in road tunnels, an automatic

firedetection system shall be provided.
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6. Ancillary spaces within tunnels defined in categories B, C, and D (such as pump

stations and utility rooms) and other areas shall be supervised by automatic fire alarm
systems.

7. Manual fire alarm boxes mounted in National Electrical Manufacturers Association

(NEMA) Enclosure Type 4 (IP 65) or equivalent boxes shall be installed at intervals
of not more than ninety meters (90 m) and at all cross passages and means of egress
from the tunnel. The system shall be installed, inspected, and maintained in
accordance with Section 10.2.6.6 of this RIRR.

8. The manual fire alarm boxes shall be accessible to the public and the tunnel
personnel. The alarm shall indicate the location of the manual fire alarm boxes at the
monitoring station.
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9. Automatic fire detection systems shall be installed in accordance with Section

10.2.6.6 of this RIRR and approved by the C/MFM having jurisdiction.

10. Portable fire extinguishers, with a rating of 2-A:20-B:C, shall be located along the
roadway in approved wall cabinets at intervals of not more than ninety meters (90
m). To facilitate safe use by motorists, the maximum weight of each extinguisher
shall be nine kilograms (9 kg).

11. The means of egress requirements for all road tunnels shall be in accordance with
Division 5 of this Chapter, except as modified herein. Reflective or lighted
directional signs indicating the distance to the two (2) nearest emergency exits
shall be provided on the side walls at distances of no more than twenty-five meters
(25 m).
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12. The walking surfaces of the emergency exits, cross passageways, and walkways shall be
slip resistant.

13. Emergency exit doors shall provide protection against fire and ensure pressurization of
escape routes. Doors to the emergency exits shall open in the direction of exit travel.
Horizontal sliding doors shall have a sign identifying them as horizontal sliding doors and
indicating the direction to open.

14. Emergency exit doors shall be one and a half-hour (1.5-hr) rated doors and shall be
installed in accordance with the requirements of NFPA 80, Standard for Fire Doors and
Fire Windows. Emergency exit doors shall be self-closing door systems.

15. Emergency exits shall be provided throughout the tunnel. Spacing between exits for
protection of tunnel occupants shall not exceed three hundred meters (300 m).
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16. The tunnel roadway surface, when supported by a traffic management system, shall be
considered as a part of the egress pathway. Where walkways are provided for egress
purposes, the walkway egress path shall have a minimum clear width of one and twelve
hundredths meters (1.12 m), lead directly to an emergency exit, and be protected from
traffic.

17. The emergency exits shall be separated from the tunnel by a minimum of a two-hour
(2-hr) fire-rated construction.

18. Emergency exits shall be pressurized in accordance with NFPA 80.

19. Where portals of the tunnel are below surface grade, surface grade shall be made
accessible by a stair, vehicle ramp, or pedestrian ramp. Where cross-passageways are
used as an emergency exit, provisions shall be included that stop all traffic operation in
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20. Wet standpipe systems (automatic or semi-automatic) shall be connected to an approved
water supply that is capable of supplying the system demand for a minimum of one (1)
hour. Dry standpipe systems shall have an approved water supply that is capable of
supplying the system demand for a minimum of one (1) hour. Acceptable water
supplies shall include the following:
a. Public or Privately owned waterworks systems that have adequate pressure and flow
rate and a level of integrity acceptable to the C/MFM having jurisdiction;
b. Automatic or manually controlled fire pumps that are connected to an approved
water source;
c. Pressure-type or gravity-type storage tanks that are installed, inspected, and
maintained in accordance with NFPA 22, Standard for Water Tanks for Private Fire
Protection.
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21. Fire department connections shall be of the threaded two-way or three-way type or shall
consist with a minimum of one hundred millimeters (100 mm) quick-connect coupling that
is accessible. Each independent standpipe system shall have a minimum of two (2) fire
department connections that are remotely located from each other.

22. Hose connections shall be spaced so that no location on the protected roadway is more than
forty-five meters (45 m) from the hose connection. Hose connection spacing shall not
exceed eighty-five meters (85 m). Hose connections shall have sixty-five millimeters (65
mm) external treads in accordance with NFPA 1963, Standard for Fire Hose Connections.

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23. Emergency ventilation systems and tunnel operating procedures shall be developed to
maximize the use of the road tunnel ventilation system for the removal and control of smoke
and heated gases that result from fire emergencies within the tunnel. Emergency ventilation
shall be required in tunnels exceeding one thousand meters (1,000 m).

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DIVISION 20. HIGH RISE BUILDINGS

SECTION 10.2.20.2 FIRE COMMAND CENTER

For building ten (10) or more floors, a Fire Command Center shall be provided in a
location approved by the C/MFM having jurisdiction. The Fire Command Center shall be
accessible directly from the exterior of the building at the floor of exit discharge with a
sign on the door stating “Fire Command Center”.

A. The Fire Command Center shall be separated by not less than two (2) hours fire
resistive construction.

B. The Fire Command Center shall be not less than ten square meters (10 m2) with no
dimensions less than one and a half meters (1.5 m) with minimum ceiling height of not
less than two and four tenths meters (2.4 m).
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C. The Fire Command Center shall contain the following:

1. Emergency voice/alarm communication system unit which shall provide a
predetermined message (applicable information and directions to occupants) to the fire
area where the alarm originated, actuated by a smoke detector, sprinkler head, water
flow device, or manual fire alarm; and operate between the fire command center and
every elevator, elevator lobby, exit stairway, and exit access corridor.
2. Fire department communication unit.
3. Fire detection and alarm system annunciator unit
4. Elevator floor location and operation annunciator.
5. Sprinkler valve and water flow display panels.
6. Controls for unlocking stairway doors simultaneously.

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7. Telephone for fire department use with controlled access to the public telephone
system. A telephone station or jack shall also be provided in each fire pump room.
8. Fire pump status indicators.
9. Status indicators and controls for air handling systems.
10. The firefighters control panel for smoke control systems.
11. Emergency power and standby power status indicators.
12. Schematic building plans indicating the typical floor plan and detailing the building
core, means of egress, fire protection systems, firefighting equipment and fire
department access.
13. Public address system, where specifically required by other rules of RA 9514 and its
RIRR.

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FIRE COMMAND CENTER
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

FIRE COMMAND
CENTER
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

Fire detection and alarm system annunciator unit or

(FACP), and Public address system
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

Elevator floor location and operation annunciator

RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

Fire fighters control panel, and Status indicators and controls for air handling
systems, and motorized fire/smoke dampers
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

Fire alarm annunciator or mimic Floor alarm annunciator

panel showing the graphically
representation of the building, and
alarm indicator
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

Fire pump status indicators

RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

Control for unlocking stairway Emergency power, generator, and

door power status indicator
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
SECTION 10.2.20.3 SMOKE CONTROL

High rise buildings shall be designed in such a manner that the levels of smoke
concentration in protected spaces can be maintained within values tolerable by occupants.
The protected spaces shall include stairwells, at least one (1) elevator shaft, and floor
spaces readily accessible to all occupants and large enough to accommodate them.
( Old IRR: In the spaces to which the requirement for control of smoke level applies, the atmosphere shall
not include more than one (1%) percent by volume of the contaminated atmosphere emanating from the
fire area.)

Smoke control systems in accordance with Section 10.2.7.3 of this RIRR shall be provided
in the cited protected spaces for safe evacuation of all occupants and safety of the
responding fire fighters and rescuers during the conduct of their operations.

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SECTION 10.2.20.5 STAIRWELLS

A. All stairwells shall be enclosed and protected in accordance with

Division 5 of this Chapter.

All doors on stairwells shall be kept closed. Electronically locked fire

exit doors shall be integrated in the Fire Detection Alarm System to
automatically unlock during an emergency.

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SECTION 10.2.20.6 FIRST-AID FIRE PROTECTION

A. In addition to the other requirements of this RIRR, each floor shall be

provided with a thirty-eight millimeter (38-mm) lightweight flexible
hose equipped with a spray nozzle and connected to the wet standpipe
system capable of providing water supply for at least a period of thirty
(30) minutes.

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CHAPTER 3
FIRE SAFETY FOR HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
CHAPTER 3: FIRE SAFETY FOR HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

DIVISION 1. SCOPE
DIVISION 2. FIRE SAFETY CLEARANCE
DIVISION 3. CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIALS, WASTES, AND HAZARD OF
CONTENTS
DIVISION 4. PERMISSIBLE STORAGE AND USE LOCATIONS
DIVISION 5. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
DIVISION 6. SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS
DIVISION 7. MATERIAL-SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS
DIVISION 8. OTHER HAZARDOUS MATERIALS AND CHEMICALS
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

DIVISION 1. SCOPE

This Chapter shall apply to materials and chemicals, which are:

A. Highly flammable that may react to cause fires or explosions;

B. By their presence may create a fire or explosion hazard;
C. By their toxicity, flammability, or reactivity render firefighting dangerous;
D. Flammable or combustible that are chemically unstable and may spontaneously form
explosive compounds; and
E. Flammable or combustible that may undergo spontaneous reactions of explosive
violence or with sufficient evolution of heat to be a fire hazard.
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

DIVISION 2. FIRE SAFETY CLEARANCE

A Fire Safety Clearance (FSC) for the installation and conveyance of all
hazardous materials shall be issued by the BFP as prerequisite for the issuance
of appropriate permits and licenses from the local and other government
agencies concerned.
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

DIVISION 3. CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIALS, WASTES, AND HAZARD OF CONTENTS

SECTION 10.3.3.1 HAZARDOUS MATERIAL CLASSIFICATION

Materials shall be classified into one (1) or more of the following categories of hazardous
materials:
A. Corrosive solids, liquids, or gases; H. Pyrophoric solids, liquids, or gases;
B. Flammable solids, liquids or aerosols; I. Toxic or highly toxic solids, liquids, or
C. Flammable, inert or oxidizing cryogenic gases;
fluids; J. Unstable (reactive) solids, liquids, or
D. Flammable or inert gases; gases;
E. Organic peroxide formulations; K. Water-reactive solids or liquids;
F. Oxidizer solids or liquids; L. Radioactive materials; and
G. Oxidizing gases; M. Explosives.
SECTION 10.3.3.2 CLASSIFICATION OF HIGH-HAZARD CONTENTS

A. High-Hazard Level 1 Contents. Materials that present a detonation hazard

B. High-Hazard Level 2 Contents. Materials that present a deflagration hazard or a
hazard from accelerated burning
C. High-Hazard Level 3 Contents. Materials that readily support combustion or
present a physical hazard
D. High-Hazard Level 4 Contents. Materials that are acute health hazards
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

SECTION 10.3.3.2 CLASSIFICATION OF HIGH-HAZARD CONTENTS

A. High-Hazard Level 1 Contents (Detonation Hazard).

1. Class 4 oxidizers;
2. Detonable pyrophoric solids or liquids;
3. Class 3 detonable and Class 4 unstable (reactive) solids, liquids, or gases; and
4. Detonable organic peroxides.
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

SECTION 10.3.3.2 CLASSIFICATION OF HIGH-HAZARD CONTENTS

B. High-Hazard Level 2 Contents (Deflagration Hazard).

1. Combustible dusts stored, used, or generated in a manner creating a severe fire

or explosion hazard;
2. Class I organic peroxides;
3. Class 3 solid or liquid oxidizers that are used or stored in normally open
containers or systems or in closed containers or systems at gauge pressures of
more than 103.4 kPa;
4. Flammable gases;
5. Flammable cryogenic fluids;
6. Nondetonable pyrophoric solids, liquids, or gases;
7. Class 3 nondetonable unstable (reactive) solids, liquids, or gases; and
8. Class 3 water-reactive solids and liquids.
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

SECTION 10.3.3.2 CLASSIFICATION OF HIGH-HAZARD CONTENTS

C. High-Hazard Level 3 Contents (Physical Hazard).

1. Flammable solids, other than dusts classified as High-Hazard Level 2, stored,

used, or generated in a manner creating a high fire hazard;
2. Class II and Class III organic peroxides;
3. Class 2 solid or liquid oxidizers;
4. Class 3 solid or liquid oxidizers that are used or stored in normally closed
containers or systems at gauge pressures of less than 103.4 kPa;
5. Class 2 unstable (reactive) materials;
6. Class 2 water-reactive solids, liquids or gases;
7. Oxidizing gases; and
8. Oxidizing cryogenic fluids.
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

SECTION 10.3.3.2 CLASSIFICATION OF HIGH-HAZARD CONTENTS

D. High-Hazard Level 4 Contents (Acute Health Hazard).

1. Corrosive solids, liquids, or gases;

2. Highly toxic solids, liquids, or gases; and
3. Toxic solids, liquids, or gases.
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

SECTION 10.3.3.3 MIXTURES

Mixtures shall be classified in accordance with the hazards of the mixture as a whole
by an approved, qualified organization, individual, or testing laboratory.

SECTION 10.3.3.3 MIXTURES

Hazardous materials that have multiple hazards shall conform to the code
requirements for each applicable hazard category.

SECTION 10.3.3.3 MIXTURES

Waste comprised of or containing hazardous materials shall be classified in

accordancewith Section 10.3.1.1 of this RIRR as applicable.
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

DIVISION 4. PERMISSIBLE STORAGE AND USE LOCATIONS

SECTION 10.3.4.1 CONTROL AREA

Hazardous materials shall be stored and used in one (1) or more control areas.

SECTION 10.3.4.1 CONTROL AREA

The quantity of hazardous materials in an individual control area shall not exceed the
Maximum Allowable Quantity (MAQ) for the applicable occupancy set forth in Annex
A.
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
Maximum Allowable Quantity (MAQ) per Control Area

TABLE 12: FOR ALL OCCUPANCIES NOT COVERED BY DIVISION 8

THROUGH 20 OF CHAPTER 2 OF THIS RULE
TABLE 13: IN ASSEMBLY OCCUPANCIES
TABLE 14: IN EDUCATIONAL OCCUPANCIES
TABLE 15: IN DAY-CARE OCCUPANCIES
TABLE 16: IN HEALTH CARE OCCUPANCIES
TABLE 17: IN AMBULATORY HEALTH CARE OCCUPANCIES
TABLE 18: IN DETECTION AND CORRECTIONAL OCCUPANCIES
TABLE 19: IN RESIDENTIAL OCCUPANCIES CONSISTING OF LODGING
AND ROOMING HOUSES, HOTELS, DORMITORIES,
APARTMENTS, AND RESIDENTIAL BOARD AND CARE
FACILITIES
TABLE 20: IN BUSINESS OCCUPANCIES
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

SECTION 10.3.4.2 QUANTITY OF HAZARDOUS MATERIAL

Maximum Allowable Quantity (MAQ) per Control Area in mercantile, storage and
industrial occupancies shall be as specified in Table 12, with increased quantities
permitted where storage or display areas comply with this Division.

The MAQ of selected hazardous materials shall be permitted to be increased, provided

that mercantile, industrial, and storage occupancies is compliant with all of the
following special controls:

1. Storage and display of solids shall not exceed 976.4 kg/m2 of floor area actually
occupied by solid merchandise.
2. Storage and display of liquids shall not exceed 76 L/m2 of floor area actually
occupied by liquid merchandise.
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

SECTION 10.3.4.2 QUANTITY OF HAZARDOUS MATERIAL

The MAQ of selected hazardous materials shall be permitted to be increased, provided

that mercantile, industrial, and storage occupancies is compliant with all of the
followng special controls:

3. Storage and display height shall not be more than 1.8 m above the finished floor.
4. Individual containers less than 19 L or less than 11 kg shall be stored or displayed
on pallets, racks, or shelves.
5. Racks and shelves used for storage or display shall be in accordance with NFPA
400.
6. Containers shall be listed or approved for the intended use.
7. Individual containers shall not exceed 45.4 kg capacity for solids or a 38 L capacity
for liquids.
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

SECTION 10.3.4.2 QUANTITY OF HAZARDOUS MATERIAL

The MAQ of selected hazardous materials shall be permitted to be increased, provided

that mercantile, industrial, and storage occupancies is compliant with all of the
followng special controls:

8. Incompatible materials shall be separated in accordance with NFPA 400.

9. Except for surfacing, floors shall be of non-combustible construction.
10. Aisles 1.2 m in width shall be maintained on 3 sides of the storage or display area.
11. Hazard identification signs shall be provided.
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

SECTION 10.3.4.2 QUANTITY OF HAZARDOUS MATERIAL

E. The aggregate quantity of non-flammable solid and non-flammable or

non-combustible liquid hazardous materials permitted within a single control area
of a mercantile, storage, or industrial occupancy shall be permitted to exceed the
MAQ specified in Table 12, without complying with Protection Level 2, 3, or 4,
provided that the quantities comply with Table 21 and Table 22 and that materials
are displayed and stored in accordance with the special limitations in this Section.
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

SECTION 10.3.4.3 CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS FOR CONTROL AREAS

A. The maximum number of control areas within a building shall be in accordance

with Table 23.

B. No special construction provisions shall be required, provided that only one (1)
control area is present in a building.

C. Control areas shall be separated from each other by fire barriers in accordance
with Table 23, provided that more than one (1) control area is present in a building.
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

SECTION 10.3.4.4 PROTECTION LEVELS

The occupancy shall comply with the requirements for Protection Level 1, 2, 3 or 4, as
required for the material in storage or use as defined in accordance with Chapter 6
through 21 of NFPA 400 and the latest edition of NBCP, provided that the quantity of
hazardous materials in storage or use exceeds the MAQ for indoor control areas.

Buildings required to comply with Protection Level 2 or 3 and containing quantities of

high hazard contents exceeding the quantity limits set forth in Annex A, Table 24 shall
be in accordance with NFPA 400 as applicable.
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

A. Protection Level 1 - Buildings containing quantities of hazardous materials

exceeding the MAQ of High-Hazard Level 1 contents permitted in control areas
shall comply with applicable regulations for Protection Level 1.

B. Protection Level 2 - Buildings, and portions thereof, containing quantities of

hazardous materials exceeding the MAQ of High-Hazard Level 2 contents
permitted in control areas shall comply with applicable regulations for Protection
Level 2.
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

C. Protection Level 3 - Buildings, and portions thereof, containing quantities of

hazardous materials exceeding the MAQ of High-Hazard Level 3 contents
permitted in control areas shall comply with applicable regulations for Protection
Level 3.

D. Protection Level 4 - Buildings, and portions thereof, containing quantities of

hazardous materials exceeding the MAQ of High-Hazard Level 4 contents
permitted in control areas shall comply with applicable regulations for Protection
Level 4.

E. Protection Level 5 – Applies to semiconductor fabrication facilities where required

by the latest edition of NBCP.
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

SECTION 10.3.4.5 OUTDOOR CONTROL AREAS

A. Hazardous materials shall be permitted to be stored or used in outdoor control

areas in accordance with para “E” of this Section.
B. Compliance with the outdoor storage and use requirements shall not be required,
provided that storage or use is in an outdoor control area.
C. Maximum Allowable Quantities (MAQ) of hazardous materials in an outdoor
control area shall be as specified in Table 21 and Table 22 or Table 25.
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

D. Number of Outdoor Control Areas.

2. A single outdoor control area shall be permitted on any property.
3. A group of 2 outdoor control areas shall be permitted where approved and
where each control area is separated by a minimum distance of 15 m, provided
that a property exceeds 929 m2.
4. Additional groups of outdoor control areas shall be permitted where approved,
provided that each group is separated by a minimum distance of 91 m, provided
that a property exceeds 3,252 m2.
E. Where the quantity of HazMats in outdoor storage or use exceeds the MAQ for
outdoor control areas as set forth in Table 25, the outdoor area shall comply with
the applicable outdoor requirements of NFPA 400.
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

DIVISION 5. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

A. The manufacture, storage, handling and use of hazardous materials and chemicals
shall be safeguarded with protective facilities or devices as public safety may
require.
B. The C/MFM having jurisdiction shall require the separation or isolation from other
storage occupancies or buildings of any material or chemical that, in combination
with other substances, may bring about a fire or explosion or may liberate a
flammable or poisonous gas.
C. Globally Harmonized System Safety Data Sheet (GHS SDS), a document that
describes composition of a material, hazardous properties and hazard mitigation,
and disposal information, shall be made available at all times during fire safety
inspection.
D. Storage, handling and use of hazardous chemicals shall be in accordance with
applicable PNS or internationally recognized standards.
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

E. Where stored for retail, storage shall be neat and orderly.

F. Cabinets for the storage of hazardous materials shall be approved and substantially
constructed of 1.25 mm thick sheet iron or a minimum of 254 mm plywood or
equivalent, painted with luminescent-type paint and shall be conspicuously labeled
in red letters: “HAZARDOUS - KEEP FIRE AWAY” and with self-closing and
self-latching doors.
G. Defective containers shall be disposed of or repaired in accordance with recognized
safety practices. No spilled materials shall be allowed to accumulate on floors or
shelves.
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

H. All hazardous chemicals as defined in this Chapter (specifically stored in buildings,

storage and warehouses) shall either bear especially designed and color-coded
labels consisting of four (4) diamonds arranged into one (1) large diamond
indicating 1) its toxicity and health hazards; 2) its flammability; 3) its reactivity;
and 4) firefighting and first aid instructions or appropriate color-coded labels
based on the Globally Harmonized System (GHS) Classification and Labeling of
Chemicals.
I. For hazardous materials to be transported, vehicles shall be properly marked with
the corresponding GHS labels and markings, pursuant to the UN
Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, Models Regulation.
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

J. No person shall operate any tank vehicle transporting any corrosive cryogenic,
hypergolic, or pyrophoric materials, unless at all time of such transportation there
is displayed upon each side and the rear of the tank vehicle a sign in letter not less
than 762 mm in height upon a background of sharply contrasting color, which shall
specifically designate the cargo.
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

K. All buildings and facilities shall have plan for the following during an emergency:

1.Internal security and safety operations;

2. Management of hazardous materials and waste;
3. Radioactive, biological, and chemical isolation and decontamination;
4. Control of entrance into the building/facility during emergencies;
5. Conduct of risk assessment with applicable authorities if it becomes necessary
to control egress from the building/facility;
6. Control of people movement within the building/facility; and
7. Control of traffic access to the building/facility.
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

K. The storage areas for plastic-based, fire-supporting, fire-conductive, smoke

generating, or toxic gas producing materials that are used as insulators or
cushioning material for crates, boxes, walls, air conditioning ducts, beds, chairs,
and the like shall be provided with automatic fire extinguishing systems of an
approved type.
L. All hazardous materials enumerated in this Chapter shall be protected by
automatic fire suppression system and other fire protection system appropriate to
the type of hazard.
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

DIVISION 6. SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS

A. Fire safety requirements for the storage, use, and handling of hazardous materials and
Chemicals shall comply with applicable PNS or internationally-recognized standards.
B. Moreover, NFPA 400, Hazardous Materials Code and the following NFPA Codes or
Standards shall also be used as the basis for fire and life safety requirements:
1. NFPA 30, Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code
2. NFPA 45, Standard on Fire Protection for Laboratories Using Chemicals
3. NFPA 51A, Standard for Acetylene Cylinder Charging Plants
4. NFPA 55, Compressed Gases and Cryogenic Fluids Code
5. NFPA 58, Liquefied Petroleum Gas Code
6. NFPA 59A, Standard for the Production, Storage, and Handling of Liquefied
Natural Gas (LNG)
7. NFPA 99, Standard for Health Care Facilities
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
8. NFPA 395, Standard for the Storage of Flammable and Combustible Liquids at Farms
and Isolated Sites
9. NFPA 430, Code for the Storage of Liquid and Solid Oxidizers
10. NFPA 432, Code for the Storage of Organic Peroxide Formulations
11. NFPA 490, Code for the Storage of Ammonium Nitrate
12. NFPA 495, Explosive Materials Code
13. NFPA 801, Standard for Fire Protection for Facilities Handling Radioactive Materials
D. Fire safety requirements for the transportation of hazardous materials and chemicals shall
comply with applicable PNS; the Hazardous Materials Regulations of Title 49
(Transportation), US Department of Transportation-Code of Federal Regulations; or other
internationally recognized standards.
E. In case of conflict between the above-mentioned standards and the specific requirements
mentioned in Division 7 of this Chapter, the specific requirements shall prevail.
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

DIVISION 7. MATERIAL-SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS

SECTION 10.3.7.1 CELLULOSE NITRATE PLASTIC (PYROXYLIN)

SECTION 10.3.7.2 COMBUSTIBLE FIBERS
SECTION 10.3.7.3 MATCHES
SECTION 10.3.7.4 MAGNESIUM
SECTION 10.3.7.5 FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS
SECTION 10.3.7.6 CRYOGENIC FLUIDS
SECTION 10.3.7.7 MEDICAL AND RELATED COMPRESSED GASES
SECTION 10.3.7.8 LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES (LPG)
SECTION 10.3.7.9 COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS AS VEHICLE FUEL
SECTION 10.3.7.10 LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES

DIVISION 8. OTHER HAZARDOUS MATERIALS AND CHEMICALS

SECTION 10.3.8.1 SCOPE
SECTION 10.3.8.2 OXIDIZING MATERIALS
SECTION 10.3.8.3 RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS
SECTION 10.3.8.4 POTENTIALLY EXPLOSIVE CHEMICALS
SECTION 10.3.8.5 ORGANIC PEROXIDES
SECTION 10.3.8.6 NITROMETHANE
SECTION 10.3.8.7 AMMONIUM NITRATE
SECTION 10.3.8.8 HIGHLY TOXIC MATERIALS
SECTION 10.3.8.9 POISONOUS GASES
SECTION 10.3.8.10 CORROSIVE LIQUIDS
SECTION 10.3.8.11 STORAGE CABINETS FOR HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
SECTION 10.3.8.12 DESIGNATION OF CARGO
SECTION 10.3.8.13 HAZARDOUS INSULATOR/CUSHIONING MATERIALS
RULE 10 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
REFERENCES

NFPA 400 (Hazardous Materials Code)

49 CFR Parts 172.101 Hazardous Material Table

OSHA HAZARD CLASSIFICATION GUIDANCE FOR MANUFACTURERS, IMPORTERS AND EMPLOYERS

https://www.osha.gov/Publications/OSHA3844.pdf

2016 Emergency Response Guide Book

ELECTRONIC CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS

https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title49/49cfr172_main_02.tpl

Hazard Class 101: Know How to Categorize Your Hazardous Materials

https://www.airseacontainers.com/blog/hazard-class-101-know-how-to-categorize-your-hazardous-materials
/
 Thank you!
Any time you sincerely want to make a change,
the first thing you must do is to raise your
standards. – Anthony Robbins

FCTS-TWG
BUREAU OF FIRE PROTECTION
NATIONAL HEADQUARTERS
VERSION 1: FCTS-TWG SECT WITH NOTES
OCTOBER 2019