REVIEW PROBLEMS

1. A cast iron flywheel is rotated at a speed of 4. A shearing machine requires 150 kg-m of
1200 rpm and having a mean rim radius of 1 energy to shear a steel sheet, and has a normal
foot. If the weight of the rim is 30 lbs, what is speed of 3 rev/sec, slowing down to 2.8
the centrifugal force. Use factor C = 41. rev/sec during the shearing process. The
flywheel has a mean diameter of 75 cm and
weighs 0.018 kg/cm². The width of the rim is
30 cm. If the hub and arms of the flywheel
account for 15% of its total weight, find the
thickness of the rim.

2. What pressure is required to punch a hole 2

inches diameter through a 1/4 in steel plate?

3. A flywheel for a punching press must be

capable of furnishing 3400 N-m of energy
during the 25% revolution while the hole is
being punched. The flywheel maximum speed
is 200 rpm and the speed decreases 8.7% 5. A flywheel weighing 910 kg has a radius of
during the load stroke. The mean radius of the gyration of 1524 mm. The shaft journals are
rim is 1016 mm and contributes 90% of the 304.8 mm in diameter and have a coefficient
energy requirements. Approximate total of friction of 0.06. After the wheel reaches 120
weight of the flywheel to be 1.20 times the rpm, the driving force is withdrawn and the
weight of the rim. Compute the total weight of wheel slows to 60 rpm. How much energy
the flywheel. thus the wheel loss?
6. A shearing machine requires 150 kg-m of 9. The flywheel on a press rotating at 100 rpm is
energy to shear a steel sheet, and has a normal slowed down to 90 rpm during a punching
speed of 3 rev/sec, slowing down to 2.8 operation that requires 1 second for punching
rev/sec the shearing process. The flywheel has portion of the system cycle. Compute the
a mean diameter of 75 cm and weighs 0.018 angular deceleration in rad/sec-sec the
kg/cm3. The width of the rim is 30 cm. If the flywheel undergoes. Given the angular
hub and arms of the flywheel account for 15% velocities for 120 rpm is 10.47 rad/sec. And
of its total weight, find the thickness of the for 90 mph 9.42 rad/sec.
rim.

10. A punching machine flywheel accelerates

from rest with α = 5 rad /sec-sec. In 5 seconds,
how many revolutions are achieved?

11. Find the working pressure required to punch

4" diameter hole on 1/4" thick steel plate.

7. How many 5/16 inch holes can be punch in

12. A mechanical press is used to punch 6 holes
one motion in a steel plate made of SAE 1010
per minute on a 25 mm thick plate. The hole is
steel, 7/16 inch thick using a force of 55 tons.
25 mm in diameter and the plate has an
The ultimate strength for shear is 50 ksi and
ultimate strength in shear of 420 MPa. The
use 2 factor of safety.
normal operating speed is 200 rpm and it
slows down to 180 rpm during the process of
punching. The flywheel has a mean diameter
of one meter and the rim width is 3 times the
thickness. Assume that the hub and arm
account for 5% of the rim weight the mean
diameter and the density of cast iron is 7,200
kg per cubic meter. Find the power in KW
required to drive the press.
8. A flywheel rotates at 120 rpm or 12.57 rad/sec
slowed down to 102 rpm or 10.68 rad/sec
during the punching operation that requires %
second of the punching portion of the cycle.
Compute the angular acceleration of the
flywheel in rad/sec.
13. From the previous problem, find the width and 15. A sheet metal working company purchased a
thickness of the flywheel rim in millimeters. shearing machine from a surplus dealer
without a flywheel. It is calculated that the
machine will use 2380 joules of energy to
shear a 1.2 mm thick sheet metal. The
flywheel to be used will have a mean diameter
of 91.44 cm with a width of 25.4 cm. The
normal operating speed is 180 rpm and slows
down to 160 rpm during the shearing process.
Assuming that the arms and the hub will
account for 12% of the rim weight
concentrated at the mean diameter and that the
material density is 0.26 lb/cu. in., compute the
weight of the flywheel.

14. It is found that a shearing machine requires

205 joules of energy to shear a specific gauge
of sheet metal. The mean diameter of the
flywheel is to be 76.2 cm. The normal
operating speed is 200 rpm, and slows down to
180 rpm during shearing process. The rim
width is 30.48 cm. and the weight of the cast
iron is 7, 196.6 kg/m3. Find the thickness of
the rim, assuming that the hub and arms
account for 10% of the rim weight
concentrated on the mean diameter.

16. From the previous problem, determine the

thikness of the rim.
17. A 48 inch (121.9 cm) diameter spoked steel 18. Determine the mass moment of inertia with
flywheel having a 12 inch wide x 10 inches respect to the axis of rotation, the flywheel
(30.5 x 25.4 cm) deep rim rotates at 200 rpm. effect, and the radius of gyration of cast iron
How long a cut (in inches) can be stamped in flywheel having the following specifications:
one (1) inch (2.5 cm) thick aluminum plate if a. Rim: Face Width = 310 mm
ultimate shearing strength of aluminum is 1. OD = 220 mm; ID
40,000 lb/in² (275,789.9 kPa). During =110mm
stamping, the force exerted by the stamp b. Hub: OD = 1300 mm;
varies from a maximum F lb at the point of 1. ID = 1150mm;
contact to zero lb when the stamp emerges 2. Length = 260 mm
from the metal. Neglect the weight of the c. Arms: 6 with 50 x 80 mm in cross-
flywheel and spokes and use 0.28 lb/in3 section and considered as slender rods,
density for flywheel material. L = 480 mm.
d. Density of cast-iron is 7.10 x 10
kg/mm²
19. A cast-iron flywheel has an outside diameter
22. It is desired to determine the dimensions of
of 3 meters and a rim 110 mm thick, 480 mm
two solid flywheels, built up of plate discs
wide. The ultimate tensile stress of good grade
bolted together, which will have the same
cast-iron is 230 MPa. If it runs at 220 rpm,
energy stored as in a car weighing 18kN and
determine the hoop tension in rim assuming no
travelling 95 kph. The flywheel has an outside
flows in manufacture and tension in the arms
diameter of 1200 mm and the tire diameter is
negligible.
710 mm. If the flywheel is driven from direct
peripheral contact with the wheels, determine
the necessary kinetic energy of one flywheel.

20. From the previous problem, determine the

bursting speed assuming no flows in
manufacture and tension in the arms
negligible.

23. From the previous problem, determine the

21. An energy of 2900 N-m is required to cut 25-
moment of inertia of one flywheel.
mm square steel bars by a shearing machine.
The cutting operation is 1/10 of a revolution
and the maximum cut per minute is 15. The
mean diameter of the machine flywheel is 950
mm and rotating at 120 rpm. Considering the
mass of the wheel to be concentrated entirely
at the rim, calculate the weight of the
flywheel. Assume that the flywheel slowed
down 10% while delivering energy.
24. From the previous problem, determine the
radius of gyration.

25. From the previous problem, determine the

thickness of the flywheel.
26. A press is designed to punch 24 mm-diameter 27. From the previous problem, what would be the
holes through 12 mm thick steel plates. motor power supplied to the press with the
Ultimate shear strength of steel plate is 360 flywheel, if the maximum number of punching
MPa. It has been proved that the force is 30 per minute?
required at the punch is 25% greater than that
required to remove the slug because of friction
between the tool and die. The press is operated
at 30 rpm through gears having a ratio of 7 to
1, and because of the location of the shaft, the
wheel may not be larger than 850 mm in
diameter. The punching operation takes place
over 75 degree of eccentric travel and the
speed fluctuation is to be limited to 15%. The
overall mechanical efficiency is 80%.
Determine the cross section of the rim if the
rim provides 95% of the flywheel effect.
Assume the rim has square cross-section

28. From the previous problem, what would be the

motor power supplied to the press without the
flywheel, if the maximum number of punching
is 30 per minute?
SUPPLEMENTARY PROBLEMS
A cast iron flywheel is rotated at a speed of 1300 rpm and having a mean rim radius of 1.5 feet. If the
weight of the rim is 45 lbs, what is the centrifugal force. Use factor C = 4.
What pressure is required to punch a hole 1.5 inches diameter through a 1/2 in steel plate?
A flywheel for a punching press must be capable of furnishing 3800 N-m of energy during the 25%
revolution while the hole is being punched. The flywheel maximum speed is 200 rpm and the speed
decreases 8.7% during the load stroke. The mean radius of the rim is 1016 mm and contributes 90% of
the energy requirements. Approximate total weight of the flywheel to be 1.20 times the weight of the
rim. Compute the total weight of the flywheel.
A shearing machine requires 220 kg-m of energy to shear a steel sheet, and has a normal speed of 3 rev
/sec, slowing down to 2.8 rev/sec during the shearing process. The flywheel has a mean diameter of 75
cm and weighs 0.018 kg/cm3. The width of the rim is 30 cm. If the hub and arms of the flywheel account
for 15% of its total weight, find the thickness of the rim.
A flywheel weighing 990 kg has a radius of gyration of 1600 mm. The shaft journals are 304.8 mm in
diameter and have a coefficient of friction of 0.06. After the wheel reaches 120 rpm, the driving force is
withdrawn and the wheel slows to 60 rpm. How much energy thus the wheel loss?
A shearing machine requires 180 kg-m of energy to shear a steel sheet, and has a normal speed of
slowing down to 2.8 rev/sec during the shearing process. The flywheel 3 rev /sec, has a mean of 90 cm
and weighs 0.018 kg/cm3. The width of the rim is 36 cm. If the hub and arms of the flywheel account for
10% of its total weight, find the thickness of the rim.
How many 5/16 inch holes can be punch in one motion in a steel plate made of SAE 1010 steel, 7/16
inch thick using a force of 85 tons. The ultimate strength for shear is 60 ksi and use 2 factor of safety.
A flywheel rotates at 150 rpm or 15.7 rad/sec slowed down to 110 rpm or 11.51 rad/sec during the
punching operation that requires % second punching portion of the cycle. Compute the angular
acceleration of the flywheel in rad/sec^ 2
The flywheel on a press rotating at 120 rpm is slowed down to 99 rpm during a punching operation that
requires 1 second for punching portion of the system cycle. Compute the angular deceleration in rad/sec-
sec the flywheel undergoes.
A punching machine flywheel accelerates from rest with alpha = 10 radians/sec-sec. In 8 seconds, how
many revolutions are achieved?
Find the working pressure required to punch 3 deg diameter hole on 1/4" thick steel plate.
A mechanical press is used to punch 10 holes per minute on a 25 mm thick plate. The hole is 25 mm in
diameter and the plate has an ultimate strength in shear of 390 MPa. The normal operating speed is 200
rpm and it slows down to 180 rpm during the process of punching. The flywheel has a mean diameter of
one meter and the rim width is 3 times the thickness. Assume that the hub and arm account for 10% of
the rim weight concentrated at the mean diameter and the density of cast iron is 7,200 kg per cubic
meter. Find the power in KW required to drive the press.
From the previous problem, find the width and thickness of the flywheel rim in millimeters.
It is found that a shearing machine requires 250 joules of energy to shear a specific gauge of sheet metal.
The mean diameter of the flywheel is to be 76.2 cm. The normal operating speed is 200 rpm, and slows
down to 180 rpm shearing process. The rim width is 30.48 cm. and the weight of the cast iron is 7, 196.
6 kg/m3. Find the thickness of the rim, assuming that the hub and arms account for 10% of the rim
weight concentrated on the mean diameter.
A sheet metal working company purchased a shearing machine from a surplus dealer without a flywheel.
It is calculated that the machine will use 2500 joules of energy to shear a 1.2 mm thick sheet metal. The
flywheel to be used will have a mean diameter of 91.44 cm with a width of 25.4 cm. The normal
operating speed is 180 rpm and slows down to 160 rpm during the shearing process. Assuming that the
arms and the hub will account for 12% of the rim weight concentrated at the mean diameter and that the
material density is 0.26 lb/cu. in, compute the weight of the flywheel.
From the previous problem, determine the thickness of the rim.
A 50 inches diameter spoked steel flywheel having a 12 inch wide x 8 inches deep rim rotates at 320
rpm. How long a cut (in inches) can be stamped in one (1) inch thick aluminum plate if ultimate shearing
strength of aluminum is 40000 lb/in2. During stamping, the force exerted by the stamp varies from a
maximum F Ib at the point of contact to zero Ib when the emerges from the metal. Neglect the weight of
the flywheel and spokes and use 0.28 lb/in2 density for flywheel material.
Determine the mass moment of inertia with respect to the axis of rotation, the flywheel effect, and the
radius of gyration of steel flywheel having the following specifications:
Rim: OD = 1300 mm; ID = 1150mm Face Width = 310 mm
Hub: OD = 220 mm; ID = 110mm
Length = 260 mm
Arms: 6 with 50x80 mm in cross-section and considered as slender rods, L = 480 mm.
Use density of steel equal to 8.5x10-6 kg/mm2
A cast-iron flywheel has an outside diameter of 3.2 meters and a rim 105 mm thick, 500 mm wide. The
ultimate tensile stress of good grade cast-iron is 225 MPa. If it runs at 240 rpm, determine the hoop
tension in rim assuming no flows in manufacture and fit runs at the arms negligible.
From the previous problem, determine the bursting speed assuming no flows in manufacture and tension
in the arms negligible.
An energy of 3200 N-m is required to cut 25-mm square steel bars by a shearing machine. The cutting
operation is 1/10 of a revolution and the maximum cut per minute is 15. The mean diameter of the
machine flywheel is 1000 mm and rotating at 150 rpm. Considering the mass of the wheel to be
concentrated entirely at the rim, calculate the weight of the flywheel. Assume that the flywheel slowed
down 10% while delivering energy.
It is desired to determine the dimensions of two solid flywheels, built up of plate discs bolted together,
which will have the same energy stored as in a car weighing 20 kN and travelling 105 kph. The flywheel
has an outside diameter of 1200 mm and the tire diameter is 710 mm. If the flywheel is driven from
direct peripheral contact with the wheels, determine the necessary kinetic energy of one flywheel.
From the previous problem, determine the moment of inertia of one flywheel.
From the previous problem, determine the radius of gyration.
From the previous problem, determine the thickness of the flywheel.
A press is designed to punch 25 mm-diameter holes through 15 mm thick steel plates. Ultimate shear
strength of steel plate is 380 MPa. It has been proved that the force required at the punch is 25% greater
than that required to remove the slug because of friction between the tool and die. The press is operated
at 30 rpm through gears having a ratio of 7 to 1, and because of the location of the shaft, the wheel may
not be larger than 850 mm in diameter. The punching operation takes place over 75 degree of eccentric
travel and the speed fluctuation is to be limited to 15%. The overall mechanical efficiency is 80%.
Determine the cross section of the rim if the rim provides 95% of the flywheel effect. Assume the rim
has square cross-section. Use density of steel = 7.83 x 10 kg/mm².
From the previous problem, what would be the motor power supplied to the press with the flywheel, if
the maximum number of punching is 30 per minute?
From the previous problem, what would be the motor power supplied to the press without the flywheel,
if the maximum number of punching is 30 per minute?
A flywheel rotates at 15 rad/sec slowed down to 12 rad/sec during the punching operation that requires
1-second of the punching portion of the cycle. Compute the angular acceleration of the flywheel in
rad/sec².
A shearing machine requires 380 kg-m of energy to shear a steel sheet, and has a normal speed of 4
rev/sec, slowing down to 2.5 rev/sec during the shearing process. The flywheel has a mean diameter of
90 cm and weighs 0.018 kg/cm³. Find the weight of the flywheel.