LITTLE KINGDOM SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL,TIRUPUR
ANALYSIS OF FUNCTIONAL GROUP
Tests for an unsaturation:
Sl.no EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
1. Test with KMnO4 solution:
Take small amount of the organic compound in a No Decolourisation Substance is
test tube add 2 ml of distilled water to dissolve it. takes place saturated.
To this solution add few drops of very dilute
alkaline KMnO4 solution and shake it well.
Test forAlcoholic Group
Sl.no EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
1 Ceric ammonium nitrate test
To the given substance few drops of Ceric red colour solution is Presence of
ammonium nitrate solution is added and formed alcoholic group
shaked well
2 Esterification test
To the given substance few drops of glacial A fruity smell Presence of
acetic acid and con H2SO4 is added this mixture occurred alcoholic group
is heated for 10 mins in a water bath and poured
into 20ml of cold water
Test forPhenolic Group
Sl.no EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
1 Ferric chloride test
To the given substance few drops of neutral Violet colour is Presence of
ferric chloride solution is added formed phenolic group
2 liebermann's test
To the given substance few drops of con A green colouration Presence of
H2SO4 is added and shaken well then few is obtained phenolic group
crystals of sodium nitrite is added. This mixture
is poured into large quantity of water taken in
beaker .Then NaOH solution is added.
Test forKetonic Group
Sl.no EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
1 Sodium nitroprusside test
To the given substance sodium nitroprusside A red colour Solution Presence of
solution is added and followed by few drops of is formed Ketonic Group
NaOH solution
2 2,4 DNP Test Yellow crystals are presence of
To the given substance add Alcohol until the formed Ketonic group
compound dissolve.to this few drops of 2,4 DNP
Solution is added
Test forAldehydic Group
Sl.no EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
Tollen’s test (Silver mirror test )
Silver mirror is presence of aldehydic
1. To the given substance few drops of Tollen’s formed inside the group
reagent is added in a test tube this test tube is wall of the test tube
kept in a water bath (until) for 10 mins
2. Fehling test
To the given substance Fehling Solution A and A red precipitate is presence of aldehydic
B are added . This test tube is kept in the water formed group
bath for 10 minutes
3. 2,4 DNP Test Yellow crystals presence of aldehydic
To the given substance add Alcohol until the are formed group
compound dissolve.to this few drops of 2,4 DNP
Solution is added
Test forCarboxylic Group
sodium bicarbonate test
to the given substance a pinch of sodium A brisk Presence of
bicarbonate solution is added effervescence is carboxylic group
obtained
Esterification Test
To the given substance few drops of alcohol A fruity smell Presence of
and followed by few drops of concentrated occurred carboxylic group
sulphuric acid are added . this mixture in a test
tube is kept in water bath for 10 minutes
Test forAmino Group
Dye test:
Take A small amount of an organic substance Scarlet red dye is Presence of an
in a clean test tube, add 2 ml of HCl to dissolve obtained. aromatic primary
it. Add few crystals of NaNO2 , and cool the amine
mixture in ice bath. Then add 2 ml of ice cold
solution of β-naphthol in NaOH
Result: The functional group present in the given organic compound is --------
