INDIAN RAILWAYS

ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS

2022-23
(With highlights of the performance for 2023-24)

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Government of India
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Design & Printed by Viba Press Pvt. Ltd., 9810049515

Ministry of Railways
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(Railway Board)

Published by Directorate of Statistics and Economics

Ministry of Railways (Railway Board), Government of India, New Delhi
Sir M. Visvesvaraya Terminal, Bengaluru
 INDIAN RAILWAYS

ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS

2022-23
(With highlights of the performance for 2023-24)

BHARAT SARKAR
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
RAIL MANTRALAYA
MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS
(RAILWAY BOARD)
 Contents
Organization Structure 2 Personnel 81

Apex Management 3 Welfare, Development and 89

Empowerment of Women

Review–Prospects 5 Facilities to Divyangjan 90

Finance 8 Security 95

Freight Operation 14 Vigilance 101

Passenger Business 19 Promoting Hindi 103

Planning 35 North Eastern Region 105

Engineering 37 Public Relations 109

Railway Electrification 43 Undertakings and other 111

Organizations
Signal and Telecom 48 Advisory Boards 148

Safety 53 Important Events 149

Rolling Stock 61 Glossary 152

Material Management 68 Summary of Audit Observations 154

provided by C & AG and ATNs
Research and  Development 70 Financial Statements and 159
Operating Statistics
Managing the Environment 79
 (As on 01.01.2024)

ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE OF INDIAN

RAILWAYS
MINISTER OF RAILWAYS
MINISTER OF STATE FOR RAILWAYS (D) MINISTER OF STATE FOR RAILWAYS (J)

CHAIRMAN & CEO,

RAILWAY BOARD

MEMBER (TRACTION & MEMBER MEMBER OPERATIONS & MEMBER FINANCE-

ROLLING STOCK)-M/T&RS INFRASTRUCTURE- BUSINESS MF
M/INFRA DEVELOPMENT-M/O&BD

DIRECTOR GENERAL/RHS-DG/RHS
DIRECTOR GENERAL/HR- DG/HR SECRETARY, RAILWAY BOARD
DIRECTOR GENERAL/ RPF-DG/RPF
DIRECTOR GENERAL/ SAFETY-DG/SAFETY

ZONAL RAILWAYS PRODUCTION UNITS OTHER UNITS CPSE/CORP &

(OPEN LINE) AUTONOMOUS BODIES/
AUTHORITIES
GENERAL MANAGERS GENERAL MANAGERS GENERAL MANAGERS
1. BCL
1. CHITTARANJAN 1. CENTRAL ORGANIZATION
1. CENTRAL 2. CONCOR
LOCOMOTIVE WORKS, FOR RAILWAY
2. EASTERN CHHITTARANJAN ELECTRIFICATION, (CORE) 3. DFCCIL
3. EAST CENTRAL 2. BANARAS LOCOMOTIVE 2. NF RAILWAY 4. IRCON
4. EAST COAST WORKS, VARANASI (CONSTRUCTION),
GUWAHATI 5. IRCTC
5. NORTHERN 3. INTEGRAL COACH
6. NORTH CENTRAL FACTORY, PERAMBUR 6. IRFC
Pr. CAO(R)/CAO(R)*
7. NORTH EASTERN 4. RAIL COACH FACTORY 7. KMRCL
8. NORTHEAST FRONTIER KAPURTHALA
3. CENTRAL ORGANIZATION 8. KRCL
9. NORTH WESTERN 5. RAIL WHEEL FACTORY FOR MODERNISATION OF
YELAHANKA WORKSHOPS (COFMOW)# 9. MRVC
10. SOUTHERN
6. MODERN COACH 10. RCIL
11. SOUTH CENTRAL
FACTORY, RAE BARELI DIRECTOR GENERAL 11. RITES
12. SOUTH EASTERN
13. SOUTH EAST CENTRAL Pr. CAO(R)/CAO(R)* 4. NATIONAL ACADEMY 12. RVNL
14. SOUTH WESTERN OF INDIAN RAILWAYS,
13. CRIS
7. PATIALA LOCOMOTIVE VADODARA
15. WESTERN WORKS, PATIALA 14. RLDA
16. WEST CENTRAL
8. RAIL WHEEL PLANT, 5. DG & EX-OFFICIO GM
17. METRO RDSO, LUCKNOW
BELA

#Under order of closure in terms of Board’s Letter No. 2021/P&M/18/5/1 (Space COFMOW) dt 28.11.2022
*CHIEF ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS (RAILWAYS)

2 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 Apex Management
Minister of Railways Ashwini Vaishnaw
Minister of State for Railways(D) Raosaheb Patil Danve
Minister of State for Railways(J) Darshana Jardosh
Members, Railway Board
Chairman & Chief Executive Officer (CEO) Jaya Varma Sinha
Member (Finance) Roopa Srinivasan*
Member (Operation and Business Development) Seema Kumar
Member (Traction & Rolling Stock) Satish Kumar
Member (Infrastructure) Braj Mohan Agrawal*
Secretary Aruna Nayar
Directors-General
DG/RPF Manoj Yadava
DG/RHS Dr. Sugandha Raha
DG/HR Naveen Gulati
DG(Safety) Braj Mohan Agrawal
General Managers, Zonal Railways
Central Ram Karan Yadav
Eastern Milind K Deouskar
East Central Anil Kumar Khandelwal
East Coast Manoj Sharma
**Metro Puk Reddy
Northern Shobhan Chaudhuri
North Central Ravinder Goyal
North Eastern Saumya Mathur
Northeast Frontier Chetan Kumar Shrivastava
North Western Amitabh
Southern R N Singh
South Central Arun Kumar Jain
South Eastern Anil Kumar Mishra
South East Central Alok Kumar
South Western Sanjeev Kishore
Western Ashok Kumar Misra
West Central Shobhana Bandopadhyaya
General Managers, Production Units
Chittaranjan Locomotive Works Hitendra Malhotra
Diesel Locomotive Works Basudev Panda
Integral Coach Factory B G Mallya
Rail Wheel Factory R Rajagopal
Rail Coach Factory, Kapurthala S. Srinivas
Modern Coach Factory, Rae Bareli P K Mishra
General Managers, Construction Units
Northeast Frontier Railway (Construction) S K Pandey
Central Organization for Railway Electrification Ashok Kumar Verma
Director-General
National Academy of Indian Railways Roopa Srinivasan
Research, Designs and Standards Organization Ajay Kumar Rana
IRIEEN / Nasik Rahul Gautam
IRICEN / Pune S K Jha
IRISET / Secundrabad Sudhir Kumar
IRITM / LKO H S Verma
IRIFM / Secundrabad Prashant Mishra
IRIMEE / Jamalpur P Ravi Kumar, ADG
Chief Administrative Officers (Railways)
Central Organization for Modernization of Workshops Vivek Kumar#
Patiala Loco Works , Patiala Pramod Kumar#
Rail Wheel Plant, Bela Atulya Sinha#

*Looking after. ** Metro Railway, Kolkata. #Principal CAO (As on 5th January, 2024)

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 3

4 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23
Review-Prospects
Results: 2022-23
Financial Performance
The year 2022-23 ended with the Net Revenue Receipts of `2,517.38
crore.
Second entrance of Banaras station
Freight Operation
2021-22 2022-23 Absolute % age
Variation Variation
Revenue Originating 1,415.87 1,509.10 93.23 6.58
Tonnes (million)
Revenue Net Tonne 871.82 959.57 87.75 10.07
Kms. (billion)
Goods Earnings @ 1,39,287.30 1,60,158.48 20,871.18 14.98
(` in crore)
@Excludes ‘other goods earnings’ such as wharfage, demurrage, etc.
Passenger Business
2021-22 2022-23 Absolute % age
Variation Variation
Number of Passengers 3,519 6,396 2,877 81.76
carried(million)
Passenger Kilometers 590 959 369 62.54
(billion)
Passenger Earnings 39,214.39 63,416.85 24,202.46 61.72
(`in crore)
Patiala Locomotive Works
Engineering Works
During the year 2022-23 the following Engineering Works were
accomplished:
2022-23 (in km.)
Construction of New Lines 1,815.49
Conversion to Broad Gauge 242.20
Track Renewal 5,227.26

Electrification
6,565 kms. of IR’s route was electrified during 2022-23.

Safety, Signal and Telecom

Details of consequential train accidents and train accidents per million
train kilometres (an important index of Safety) during 2022-23 as compared
to 2021-22 are given below:
2021-22 2022-23
Consequential Train Accidents* 34 48
Train Accidents Per Million Train Kilometres 0.03 0.04
Vande Bharat Trains of future and Atma
*excluding Konkan Railway Nirbhar Bharat

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 5

 Following steps were taken for improving passenger amenities :
Provision 2022-23
(No. of Stations)
Public Address System 5,516
Train Display Board 1,208
Coach Guidance System 705

Operating Efficiency
Development of Coach Maintenance
Facilities, SCR Some important efficiency indices for 2021-22 compared to 2022-23
were as follows:
Efficiency Index Broad Gauge Metre Gauge
2021-22 2022-23 2021-22 2022-23
Net tonne kms. per wagon per day 8,363* 8,670 - -
Speed (kmph) of all goods trains 37.82 30.3 - -
(all traction)
Percentage of loaded to total wagon km 63.6 62.2 - -
Net load per goods train (tonnes) 1,817 1,735 - -
Net tonne km per engine hour 14,189* 13,899 - -
Passenger vehicle km per vehicle per day 415* 470 24* 28
*revised

Materials Management
Materials Management on IR is being progressively revamped with a
Synthetic Track dedicated to Indian
Railways
view to reduce costs, storage, handling, insurance and dividend charges. Turn
Over Ratio in terms of value of inventories to value of materials consumed
was 9% (without fuel) and 7% (with fuel) during 2022-23 as compared
to 11% (without fuel) and 8% (with fuel) during last year. The disposal of
condemned Rolling Stock and scrap arising was monitored closely.

Managing the Environment

Efforts are steadily being made to make Railway operations
environment friendly and to bring down the adverse effects through
adaptation of cleaner technologies, energy conservation measures,
afforestation on vacant railway land, etc. Railway is utilizing wasteland and
rooftops for setting up solar power plants.

Human Resource Development

A number of initiatives were taken to improve the quality of training
programmes for railway employees in order to improve productivity. In this
direction, ‘National Rail & Transportation Institute’ (NRTI) has been set
up as India’s first University focused on transport related education, multi
disciplinary research & training in Vadodara, Gujarat.

Industrial Relations and Personnel

Kasaragod - Thiruvananthapuram Vande As on 31st March, 2023, IR had 11,89,615 regular employees as
Bharat Express cruising Bharathapuzha against 12,12,882 as on 31st March, 2022 a decrease by 23,267.
bridge, SR

6 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 Industrial Relation remained cordial during 2022-23. Productivity
Linked Bonus equivalent to 78 days’ wages was paid to all non-gazetted
employees (excluding RPF/RPSF personnel) for 2022-23. RPF/RPSF
personnel belonging to Group C category were sanctioned an ad-hoc bonus
equivalent to 30 days’ wages.
Staff Welfare
IR’s welfare schemes cover a wide spectrum of activities, viz.,
educational facilities and financial assistance to the children of Railway
employees, handicraft centres for augmenting family income, financial Relaxation of Permanent Speed Restriction
assistance in sickness, subsidized housing and canteen facilities at work
places and medical cover for employees and their families during service
and after retirement.

Performance: 2022-23 (1st January, 2023 - 31st December, 2023)

Passenger Business*
During January-December, 2023, the number of originating
passengers in IR was 6,871.75 million vis-à-vis 6,011.98 million during the
corresponding period of last year, registering a increase of 859.77 million
(14.30%). The passenger earning during this period was `69,274.14 crore
showing an increase by `11,082.35 crore (19.4%) compared to the earnings
during the corresponding period of the last year.
Freight Operation**
Loading of revenue-earning traffic for the year 2023 (January-
December, 2023) compared to the corresponding period of last year, was
as under: A view of proposed Gorakhpur Jn. for
(Million tonnes) redevelopment
Commodity Jan. to Dec., 2022 Jan. to Dec., 2023

Coal 715.64 762.29

Raw material for steel plants 27.94 35.46
Except Iron Ore
Pig iron and finished steel 65.89 69.54
Iron ore 159.88 176.13
Cement 146.12 149.66
Food grains 74.79 53.80
Fertilizers 54.41 59.96
P.O.L (Mineral Oil) 48.09 49.95
Balance other goods 204.58 200.54
Total revenue earning traffic 1,497.33 1,557.33
* Based on Statement of Gross Earning on originating basis.
** Based on Statement 7-A

Estimation for the period January-March 2024

Freight Operation
Anticipated freight volume likely to be carried by the Railways for the three months
period from January to March, 2024 is 412 million tonnes excluding KRCL & DFCCIL.
Passenger Business
A view of Kanchipuram Silk Saree OSOP
The total no. of anticipated originating for the passengers for three ensuing months Stall at Dr MGR Chennai Central.
from January to March, 2024 will be 1,738 million.

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 7

 GROSS REVENUE AND Finance
WORKING EXPENSES
(INCLUDING MISC.)
(₹ IN CRORE)
Results for 2022-23
GROSS REVENUE RECEIPTS
TOTAL WORKING EXPENSES Gross Traffic Receipts of the Railways went up from `1,91,206.48
NET REVENUE crore in 2021-22 to `2,39,982.56 crore in 2022-23. Total Working Expenses
increased from `2,04,606.34 crore in 2021-22 to `2,35,655.78 crore in
2022-23. After taking into account the miscellaneous transactions, the Net
1,40,784 1,38,236
Revenue Receipts were `2,517.38 crore.
There was no dividend payment during 2022-23 as per RCC
2,547
recommendations. The year ended with a net Revenue of `2,517.38
2020-21 crore.
The Financial Results for 2022-23 compared to 2021-22 are
1,91,206 2,06,231 summarized as below:
(`in crore)
2021-22 2022-23 Variation
-15,025
2021-22 Capital Investment (excluding MTPs and 4,13,268.80 5,19,470.28 1,06,201.48
Circular Railway, Udhampur-Baramula
project and appropriation to SRSF)
2,39,983
2,37,465
Investment from Capital Fund 53,449.91 53,449.91 -
Total 4,66,718.71 5,72,920.19 1,06,201.48
2,517 Gross Traffic Receipts 1,91,206.48 2,39,982.56 48,776.08
2022-23
Total Working Expenses 2,04,606.34 2,35,655.78 31,049.44
Net Traffic Receipts (-)13,399.86 4,326.78 17,726.64
Miscellaneous Transactions(Net) (-)1,624.72 -1,809.40 -184.68
Net Revenue Receipts (-)15,024.58 2,517.38 17,541.96
Dividend Payable to General Revenues - - -
EXCESS/SHORTFALL
Excess(+)/Shortfall(-) (₹ IN CRORES) (-)15,024.58 2,517.38 17,541.96
Percentage of EXCESS

(₹ In Crs.)to Gross Earnings

(a)Working Expenses 107.39% 98.10 -9.29
OPERATING RATIO 4,000
(PERCENT) (b)Net Revenue to Capital2,547
Investment 2,517
-3.22 0.44 3.66
and investment from Capital Fund
(PERCENT) 2021-22
120.0 Capital Investment*(in
0 paise) per NTKM 507 551 44
107.39 2020-21 2022-23
97.45 98.10 *Includes Investment from Capital Fund.
# revised
90.0 -4,000

Revenue
60.0 The Gross
-8,000 Traffic Receipts went up by `48,776.08 crore (25.51%)

over the previous year. The break-up in terms of major sources is given in
30.0
Statement IA-12,000
of Financial Statements.

Working Expenses
0
2021-22
The total Working Expenses
-16,000 -15,025during 2022-23 were `2,35,655.78 crore
2020-21 2022-23
– an increase of `31,049.44 crore over 2021-22. Grant-wise distribution
of Working Expenses is given in Statements IB and IC of Financial
Statements.

8 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

Balance Sheet:
OPERATING RATIO
A summary of the Balance Sheet as on March 31, 2023 and variation (PERCENT)

over 2021-22 is as follows: (PERCENT)

120.0
107.39
(` in crore) 98.10
97.45

Assets As on Variation over 90.0

March 31,2023 Previous year
Block Assets 9,72,734.18 1,62,815.59 60.0

Funds with Central Government:

GROSS REVENUE AND
30.0
(i) Reserve funds 2,352.14WORKING EXPENSES
(INCLUDING MISC.)
(ii) Banking accounts 70,616.70
(₹ IN CRORE)
0
72,968.84
GROSS REVENUE RECEIPTS 4,004.04 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23
TOTAL WORKING EXPENSES
Sundry Debtors, etc. 5,946.58
NET REVENUE 110.03
Cash in hand 446.47 (-)176.70
1,40,784 1,38,236
Total 10,52,096.07 1,66,752.96
Liabilites
2,547
Represented by: 2020-21

Capital-at-charge* 6,17,614.79
1,91,206 2,06,231
Investment financed from internal 3,55,119.39
sources, etc.
Total 9,72,734.18
-15,025 1,62,815.60
2021-22

Reserve Funds 2,352.14 318.88

2,39,983
Banking Accounts: 2,37,465

(i) Provident Fund 39,570.32

2,517
(ii) Misc. Deposits 30,974.90 2022-23

(iii) F. Loans and Advances 71.48

Total 70,616.70 1,452.52
Sundry Creditors, etc. 6,393.05 1,008.98
EXCESS/SHORTFALL
Total 10,52,096.07 1,66,752.98 (₹ IN CRORES)
EXCESS
*Excludes `11,954.00 crore Appropriation to SRSF, `80,000.00 crore Appropriation to
Rashtriya Rail Sanraksha Kosh (RRSK), `62,957.03 OPERATING
crore Appropriation
RATIO
to Railway Safety (₹ In Crs.)
4,000
Fund (RSF) and `10,239.00 crore Appropriation to SGF. (PERCENT) 2,547 2,517

(PERCENT) 2021-22

Deferred Dividend Liability* 120.0

107.39
0
2020-21 2022-23

This is a Contingent Liability and does97.45not appear in the balance

98.10

sheet. 90.0 -4,000

*Further, Railways has been exempted from payment of dividend

-8,000
since 2016-17. With merger of Railway 60.0
Budget with Union Budget, the
capital-at-charge of the Railway has been written off and consequently
dividend liability also. 30.0 -12,000

0 -16,000 -15,025
2020-21 2021-22 2022-23

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 9

 Railway Capital Fund
In pursuance of the recommendations of Railway Convention
Committee (1991), as contained in their Second Report, Railway Capital
Fund has come into operation from 1992-93. Appropriation to the Fund
is from Revenue Surplus and it intends to finance expenditure on assets
of capital nature. Investment made from the Fund upto 2022-23 was
`53,449.91 crore.
20KL Nitrogen Gas Plant, RCF, Kapurthala Reserve Fund Balances
As per recommendations of Railway Convention Committee (1991),
contained in their Second Report, the two existing funds, viz. Accident
Compensation, Safety & Passenger Amenities Fund and Revenue Reserve
Fund, have been restructured to accommodate expenditure on Safety and
Passenger Amenity Works. Balance of the abolished Funds has, therefore,
been merged with Development Fund.
The position of the Funds as on March 31, 2023 compared to March
31, 2022 is as follows:
(`in crore)
Name of the Balance as Contribution Withdrawls Balance
Fund on 1.4.2022 to Fund during during as on
2022-23 2022-23 31.3.2023
DRF* 136.22 909.30 617.38 428.14
DF* 0.65 1,000.26 985.39 15.52
CF* 427.83 14.33 0.00 442.16
Pension Fund* 87.51 55,307.39 55,034.00 360.90
RSF #4.67 30,000.00 30,001.29 3.38
DSF* 229.46 7.69 0.00 237.15
RRSK 1,144.93 11,517.38 11,797.42 864.89
SGF 0.00 10,239.00 10,239.00 0.00
Total 2,031.27 1,08,995.35 1,08,674.48 2,352.14
* Includes interest under DRF `9.30crore, DF `0.26 crore, CF `14.33 crore, Pension Fund
`7.39 crore and DSF `7.69 crore for the year 2022-23.
# RSF balance as on 01.04.2022 after adjusting TWFA of (-)`1.99 crore in 31.03.2022
balance.

The total balance in the Reserve Funds as on March 31, 2023 was
`2,352.14 crore, representing a increase of `320.87 crore over the previous
year.

Cash Flow
Finance generated through IR’s internal resources provided
`1,62,978.50 crore during the year 2022.23.
The details of internal resource generation and utilisation of funds
for financing the Plan outlay are shown in Statement IV of Financial
Statements. During 2022-23, the total Plan investment was `1,62,978.50
Panoramic coaches undergoing trials, RCF
crore, (including MTPs, Circular Railways & National Projects). This was

10 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

financed from Budgetary Support to the extent of `1,59,256.15 crore.
The corresponding position during 2021-22 was that out of a total Plan
investment was `1,24,340.50 crore (excluding MTPs, Circular Railways
and National Project). This was financed from Budgetary Support to the
extent of `1,27,270.53 crore. The balance of the Plan investment was met
from internal and extra-budgetary resources. During the year 2022-23, a,
increase of the fund balance was to the tune of `320.87 crore to finance the
Plan expenditure.
Cargoliner Coach, RCF, Kapurthala
Audit Objections
IR had a total of 1,846 Audit Notes Part-I, 741 Special Letters and
5,230 Audit Inspection Reports Part-I as on March 31, 2023 as compared
to 1,552, 1,766 and 3,976 outstanding respectively at the end of March 31,
2022.
IR has a well-structured system of ensuring discussion and disposal of
all audit objections, inspection reports, draft paras, etc. Tripartite meetings
are held at various levels involving the Audit, Accounts and Executive
Departments. The draft paras are also discussed at the highest levels between
Railway Board and the Audit Department, and based on the replies given,
many of them get closed.
Summary of Audit Observations on the working of Ministry of Railway,
as provided by C&AG for the year, is at page 154.

Financial arrangement between the Railways and the

Government
Like other Ministries/Departments of the Union, the Ministry of
Railways is an integral part of the Union Finance/Budget. Broadly, the
revenue expenditure of the Railway is expected to be met from the revenue
receipts of the Railways. The excess of revenue receipts over the revenue
expenditure is put into the Railway Reserve Funds like Depreciation
Reserve Fund (DRF), Development Fund (DF), Capital Fund (CF) and
part contribution towards Rashtriya Rail Sanraksha Kosh (RRSK) mainly
being used as internal resources for Capex. The Capital expenditure of
the Railways is met from the Gross Budgetary Support from the General
Exchequer, Extra Budgetary Resources from the market and partnerships
besided the internal resource generation.

Investment by IRFC
Since 1987-88, Indian Railway Finance Corporation Ltd. (IRFC), a
PSU under the administrative control of the Ministry of Railways (MOR),
has been mobilizing market borrowings to finance capital expenditure in
the Railways. Market funds raised by IRFC constitute Extra- Budgetary
Resources (EBR) for Railway Plan and are invested in rolling stock and
projects which are leased by IRFC to MOR.
With the addition of new rolling stock financed in 2022-23, the fleet
of assets leased by IRFC represent over 80% of all rolling stock in operation Wheels that Move the Nation, RCF,
on Indian Railways. Details of new rolling stock taken on lease from IRFC Kapurthala

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 11

 in 2022-23 and cumulative investment from this source are as under:-
Category of Assets Rolling stock taken on Rolling stock under lease
lease in 2022-23 at the end of 2022-23
Nos. Value Nos. Value
(` in crore) (` in crore)
Elec. Locos 456 6,116.88 8,060 83,668.62
Diesel Locos 50 1,168.55 4,695 50,807.37
Total Locos 506 7,285.43 12,755 1,344,75.99
Wagons 6,128 2,451.85 2,20,561 52,302.46
Coaches 2,456 6,896.91 73,100 1,07,728.26
Track Machines - - 81.00 342.33
Other Misc. Items - - 0.00 1,034.38
Total 16,634.19 2,95,883.42

On the rolling stock assets taken on lease from IRFC, Railways pay
lease rentals semi-annually in advance, to enable IRFC to service the debt.
Quantum of lease rentals paid by MOR in 2022-23 was `28,819.91 crore,
of which `14,988.10 crore constituted capital component and `13,831.81
crore interest component.
IRFC also provided funding to the tune of `2,078.49 crore in 2011-12
to meet capital expenditure in 90 doubling and 32 electrification projects in
that year. The project assets to the extent funded are on lease from IRFC to
MOR. MOR paid an amount of `252.10 crore as lease rentals in 2022-23
(`130.10 crore capital component and `122.00 crore interest component).
A source of funding viz. Extra-Budgetary Resources (Institutional
Finance) or EBR-IF has been introduced from FY 2015-16. EBR-IF funds
are long term funds which are being deployed to finance throughput
enhancement projects of Railways like doubling and electrification projects,
which are otherwise not adequately funded due to resource constraints.
The cumulative EBR-IF funds made available by IRFC to Railways till end
of 2022-23 is `1,69,510 crore, including `15,338 crore in 2022-23. MOR
paid an amount of `5,117.04 crore as lease rentals in 2022-23 (`1,804.40
crore capital component and `3,312.64 crore interest component).

Vande Bharat Train, ICF

12 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 Some Selected Financial Ratios
S.No. Item Unit 2021-22 2022-23
(A) Financial Ratios
1. Operating ratio % Age 107.39 98.10
2. Rate of return on Capital % age (-) 3.22 0.44
3. Working ratio of IR % Age 99.70 90.92
4. Operating ratio with subsidy (Cost recovery) % Age 81.10 80.40
5. Operating ratio for Coaching (passenger) and Goods (Freight)
i. Goods % Age 72.88 66.97
ii. Coaching % Age 237.38 180.82
6. Debt Servicing as percentage of OWE and as a percentage of
Gross receipts.
i. Debt servicing as percentage of OWE % Age 18.20 18.90
ii. Debt servicing as percentage of Gross receipts % Age 14.90 14.20
7. Capex to Revenue ratio - Capex (from internal % Age 0.90 1.40
generation ) /Revenue
(B) Earning/Yield Ratios (Based on Apportion Earning)
1. Passenger yield/ PKMs In Paise 66.44 66.13
2. Freight yield/NTKMs In Paise 159.77 166.91
(C) Productivity index
i. Employee Productivity 7,59,187 8,73,523
ii. Infrastructure Productivity 71,76,680 78,53,951
(D) Asset Utilization
1. Utilization of Assets
i. NTKMs per wagon per day -(BG) KMs *8,363 8,670
ii. Wagon KMs per Wagon day -(BG) KMs *211.00 223.00
iii. Wagon turn around - BG In days 4.74 4.70
iv. Average Load per Wagon - BG Tonnes 62.90 60.00
(E) Operating Indices
1. Average speed of Goods Train – (BG) – All traction KM/hour 37.80 30.30
2. Infective percentage of Rolling Stock – (BG)
i. Diesel Locos % age 9.79 10.40
ii. Electric Locos % Age 5.85 4.91
iii. EMU Coaches % age 10.40 7.31
iv. Passenger Carriages % age 5.68 4.96
v. Other Coaching Vehicles % age 5.55 7.38
vi. Wagons % age 3.13 3.11
3. Specific Fuel Consumption
(Consumption per 1000 GTKMs) – (BG)
i. Passenger service Diesel Litress. *3.97 3.59
ii. Goods services Diesel Litress. *1.60 1.97
4. Specific Energy Consumption
(Consumption per 1000 GTKMs) – (BG)
i. Passenger service- Electricity K.Wt. Hrs. *19.3 18.70
ii. Goods services -Electricity K.Wt. Hrs. *6.56 6.40
5. Punctuality Index – Punctuality (M/Exp. Trains) – (BG) % age 90.48 80.79
6. Accident per Million Train Kilometers 0.03 0.04

*revised

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 13

 Freight Operation
In 2022-23, IR loaded 1,510.76 million tonnes of freight traffic of
which 1,509.10 million tonnes was revenue-earning and 1.66 million tonnes
of non-revenue earning and achieved total net tonne kilometers (NTKMs)
of 960 billion as against 872 billion in 2021-22. The freight earnings went
up from `1,41,096.39 crore in 2021-22 to `1,62,262.90 crore in 2022-23,
Goods train on electric traction, NFR registering an increase of 15.00%.
Commodity wise loading of revenue-earning traffic in 2022-23 as
compared to 2021-22 was as follows:
Commodity Tonnes carried
(in millions)
2021-22 2022-23
Coal
(i) for Steel Plants 56.70 59.23
(ii) for Washeries 0.07 0.01
(iii) for Power House 485.23 568.62
(iv) for public use 110.81 99.38
Total 652.80 727.24
Raw material for steel plants except iron ore 29.03 28.15
Pig iron and finished steel
(i) from steel plants 36.15 33.70
(ii) from other points 32.35 36.17
Total 68.50 69.87
Iron ore
(i) for export 7.66 7.19
(ii) for steel plants 91.46 87.88
(iii) for other domestic users 69.24 65.07
Total 168.36 160.14
Cement 137.19 143.93
Foodgrains 73.38 70.92
Fertilizers 49.18 56.34
Mineral oil (POL) 44.46 48.22
Container Service
(i) Domestic containers 17.64 19.83
(ii) EXIM containers 56.62 59.39
Total 74.26 79.22
Balance other goods 118.70 125.07
Total Revenue earning traffic 1,415.87 1,509.10
WAG-9 H Freight Locomotive, CLW

14 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 PATTERN OF REVENUE-EARNING FREIGHT TRAFFIC
(PERCENTAGE TO TOTAL)

2021-22 COMMODITY 2022-23

OTHER GOODS
15.68 13.43 15.50 13.35
18.73 18.52

4.84 6.55 IRON AND STEEL 4.63 6.57

3.47 6.91 3.90 3.73 6.93 4.14
WAP-5 High Speed Passenger Locomotive
9.69 5.11 7.61 9.54 5.19 7.62
FERTILIZERS
4.18 3.94
3.14 9.35 3.20 8.96
5.18 7.65 4.70 6.27
3.60 CEMENT 3.51
10.61 8.73 7.69
11.89 11.13 9.40

MINERAL OILS 6.04

7.58

FOODGRAINS

47.28 48.09 50.42

46.11
42.12
37.59 IRON ORE

COAL

Revenue-earning freight traffic for major bulk commodities/commodity

groups in 2022-23 compared with 2021-22 was as follows :
S. Commodity/ Tonnes originating Net tonne kilometers Earnings $
No. Commodity group (in million) (in million) (` in crore)
2021-22 2022-23 2021-22 2022-23 2021-22 2022-23
1 Coal 652.81 727.24 3,27,754 4,04,138 65,856.08 80,746.75
2 Raw material for 29.03 28.15 17,761 16,702 2,405.75 2,650.56
steel plants except
iron ore
3 Pig Iron & finished 68.50 69.87 60,239 66,495 9,124.90 10,529.33
steel
4 Iron ore 168.36 160.14 66,123 57,979 13,092.57 12,314.07
5 Cement 137.19 143.93 81,476 86,009 10,604.94 12,196.83
6 Foodgrains 73.38 70.92 97,076 83,756 10,660.52 10,038.31
7 Fertilizers 49.18 56.34 44,530 49,832 5,428.27 6,629.45
8 Mineral oil (POL) 44.46 48.22 31,359 33,690 5,822.02 6,305.05
NET TONNE KILOMETRES TONNES ORIGINATING
9 Container Services 74.26 79.22 66,621 72,451(REVENUE-EARNING
6,274.54 ) 7,081.97 (REVENUE-EARNING)
10 Balance other goods 118.71 125.07 78,877 88,514 10,017.71 11,666.16
11 Total revenue 1,415.87 1509.10 8,71,816 9,59,566 1,39,287.30 1,60,158.48
(MILLION) 959,566 (MILLION) 1509.10
1000,000 1,600.00 1415.87
earning traffic 871,816
1230.94
$ Excludes ‘other goods earnings’ such as wharfage, demurrage, etc.
719,762
750,000 1,200.00
Trend of revenue-earning freight traffic for the last 3 years is as follows:
2020-21
500,000 2021-22 2022-23 800.00

Tonnes originating (million) 1,230.94 1,415.87 1,509.10

Net tonne kms. (million) 7,19,762
250,000 8,71,816 9,59,566 400.00

Average lead (kms.) 585 616 636

Goods earnings $ (`in crore) 1,15,738.38 0 1,39,287.30 1,60,158.48 0
2020-21 2021-22 2022-23 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23
$ Excludes ‘other goods earnings’ such as wharfage, demurrage, etc.

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 15

AVERAGE LEAD
AVERAGE DISTANCE OF MOVEMENT OF
GOODS REVENUE A TONNE OF GOODS
(REVENUE-EARNING TRAFFIC)
(₹ In Crs.) (Kms.)
1,60,158.48
 NET TONNE KILOMETRES Freight Services – Structure and Rates
TONNES ORIGINATING
(REVENUE-EARNING) (REVENUE-EARNING)
S TONNES ORIGINATING 1. There was no increase in freight in 2022-23.
(MILLION) (REVENUE-EARNING) 959,566 (MILLION) 1509.10
1000,000
871,816
2. The validity of various
1,600.00 1415.87 incentive schemes have been extended which
6 (MILLION)
1,600.00 1415.87
1509.10 includes 1230.94
Liberalised Automatic Freight Rebate Scheme for traffic
719,762
750,000
1230.94
loaded in Traditional Empty Flow Directions (TEFD), Station to Station
1,200.00

Rate (STS), Discount to bagged consignment loaded in Open and Flat

1,200.00
500,000 wagons,
800.00 Discount to bagged / loose Fly Ash and Bed Ash when loaded
in open and flat wagons, Freight Forwarder Scheme (FFS), Short Lead
800.00
250,000
Concession,
400.00
Graded Concession to Salt traffic, 6% Concession to traffic
booked to / from North Eastern States, etc.
400.00
0
2020-21 2021-22 2022-23
Freight0 Marketing
2020-21 2021-22 2022-23

0
2020-21 2021-22 2022-23
1. Gati Shakti Multi Modal Cargo Terminal (GCT):- Indian
Railways has launched a new ‘Gati Shakti Multi Modal Cargo Terminal
(GCT)’ policy on 15.12.2021. The objective of the policy is to boost
investment from industry in development of additional terminals for
AVERAGE LEAD
handling
AVERAGErail cargo.
DISTANCE These
OF MOVEMENT OF terminals are being constructed on non
GOODS REVENUE
AVERAGE LEAD A TONNE OF GOODS
Railway(REVENUE-EARNING
land, as well as partially or fully on Railway land. After the
TRAFFIC)
(₹ In Crs.) AVERAGE DISTANCE OF MOVEMENT OF (Kms.)
180,000.0 NET TONNE KILOMETRES
A TONNE OF GOODS 1,60,158.48
(REVENUE-EARNING TRAFFIC)
launch
800 of the GCT
TONNES policy all new terminals are being commissioned
ORIGINATING
)
(Kms.)
800
(REVENUE-EARNING
1,39,287.30 as GCT. 585(REVENUE-EARNING)
616
636

(MILLION) 1,15,738.38
135,000.0
1000,000 585
616
636 959,566
2. Joint Parcel Product:-
600
(MILLION)
1,600.00 1415.87
1509.10
JPP’ of India Post & Indian Railways- As
871,816
600 per the announcement
1230.94
made under the Gati Shakti segment of the
90,000.0
750,000
719,762
Budget speech of Hon'ble Finance Minister, on 01.02.2022, Indian
400
1,200.00
400 Railways have been mandated to ‘take the lead in integration of Postal
45,000.0 and200 Railway networks to provide seamless solutions for movement of
500,000 800.00
200
parcels’.
0 0
250,000 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23 400.00 In compliance,
2020-21 2021-22 2022-23 a ‘Joint Parcel Product – JPP’ has been

0
2020-21 2021-22 2022-23
developed in collaboration with the India Post, wherein first-mile and
0 last-mile
0 connectivity is provided by the Department of Posts, and
2020-21 2021-22 2022-23
the middle-mile
2020-21
i.e. intermediate
2021-22 2022-23
connectivity from station-to-station
is provided by Indian Railways. The ‘JPP’ aims to target business-
to-business and business-to-customer market by providing complete
parcel handling solution, i.e. picking up from the premises of the
sender, booking
AVERAGE and door-step delivery to the recipient.
LEAD
AVERAGE DISTANCE OF MOVEMENT OF
GOODS REVENUE Time-tabled JPP trains (in full rakes) have been introduced
A TONNE OF GOODS
(REVENUE-EARNING TRAFFIC)
(₹ In Crs.)
180,000.0 1,60,158.48
w.e.f.
(Kms.) 15.02.2023 on Indian Railways network, on identified routes.
800

1,39,287.30
Presently, JPP trains 616
are
636 running, on 13 identified routes (on round

1,15,738.38
trip basis),585in collaboration with India Post.
135,000.0 600

3. e-Auction for Commercial Earning & Non-fare Revenue

90,000.0 contracts:-
400 The e-Auction Policy for Commercial Earning &
‘Non-fare Revenue’ contracts has been issued on pan India basis
45,000.0
on20013.06.2022. It covers contracts pertaining to parcel space in
Brakevans/Parcel Vans attached to passenger-carrying trains, parking
0
lots,0 pay-&-use toilets, cloak room, AC waiting hall, bottle crusher,
2020-21 2021-22 2022-23
space for commercial
2020-21 2021-22
publicity, branding of stations, etc. Under the
2022-23

16 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 Policy, bidding is done through Indian Railways e- Procurement
System (IREPS).
The e-Auction process helps in (i) substantially reducing the
time taken in finalization of tenders and in preventing revenue loss on
this account, (ii) quick re-award of contract in case of failure of any
contractor, and (iii) breaking the cartel among bidders. Besides, there
is no geographical restriction on firms for registration/participation
in any e-Auction throughout Indian Railways, which will increase Cargo Linear Double Decker Coach, IR
competition among bidders.
4. Procurement of rakes for freight traffic by inviting private
investments:
i. General Purpose Wagon Investment Scheme (GPWIS):– To
allow investment for procurement of General Purpose Wagons by
End users, Public Sector Undertaking (PSUs), Port Owner, Logistics
Providers and Mines Owners. The scheme permits eligible investors
to invest in minimum of one rake of general purpose wagon in any of
the desired circuit(s) to carry any commodity in these rakes.
ii. Liberalized Special Freight Train Operators (LSFTO)
Schemes:– Liberalized Special Freight Train Operators (LSFTO)
Scheme has been started in the year 2020 by amalgamating erstwhile
two schemes viz. Liberalized Wagon Investment Scheme (LWIS)
and Special Freight Train Operator (SFTO) Scheme. The objective
of the policy is to increase Railways share in transportation of non
conventional traffic in high capacity and special purpose wagons to
increase the commodity base of Rail Traffic. This policy provides an
opportunity to logistics service providers or manufacturer to invest in
wagons and use advantages of rail transport of selected commodity
to create a win-win situation for railways and themselves. This also
creates an avenue for end users to optimally utilize their rolling
stock by transporting their commodities as well as commodities of
third party.
In order to facilitate induction of wagons to transport trucks
under Roll-on-Roll-off (RO-RO) concept, in the year 2022 'Roll-on-
Roll-off (RO-RO) services' has been included in the list of commodities
under LSFTO policy.
iii. Automobiles Freight Train Operator (AFTO) Scheme:
Automobile Freight Train Operator Scheme permits procurement and
operation of special purpose rakes by private parties for transportation
of automobiles sector.
iv. Wagon Leasing Scheme (WLS): The Scheme introduced the
concept of leasing of railway wagons on Indian Railways. The scheme
aims at induction of rakes of general purpose wagons, special purpose
wagons and wagons for containers movements through PPP route.
Wagon Leasing Companies can lease wagon under Automobiles Goods Transporation, NWR

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 17

 Freight Train Operator (AFTO) scheme, General Purpose Wagon
Investment Scheme (GPWIS), Liberalized Special Freight Train
Operators (LSFTO) scheme, Automobiles Freight Train Operator
(AFTO) scheme and also to Container Train Operators.
The required information for financial year 2022-23 is as under:
A. Claims (2022-23)
The number of claims registered by Railways was 5,670 during
2019-20, 3,845 in 2020-21, 3,401 in 2021-22 and 3,584 in 2022-23.
B. Claims (April-September, 2023)
The number of claims registered by Railways was 1,403 during
the period of April to September 2020, 1,683 during the period of April
to September 2021, 1,717 during the period of April to September,
2022 and 1,584 during the period of April to September 2023.
Measures Initiated by Railways to prevent arising of Claims are
as under:
1. Monitoring of sick & detached wagons for proper connection and
dispatch to its booked destination/rightful consignee. Wagon
attachment/detachment details are recorded in FOIS module for this
purpose.
2. Booking/loading/unloading/delivery details of parcels/luggage are fed
into the PMS for tracking of parcels to facilitate the status of booked
consignments to the customers.
3. At the time of booking, remarks on forwarding notes are obtained
from the consignor or his authorized agent regarding defective packing
conditions wherever necessary such as, "Internal/external packing
conditions not complied with. Liable for damage during transit etc.”
and the same remark are reproduced on RR/PWB also.
4. Sending copy of ORRS/PRRS to the destination station before arrival
of the consignments, to facilitate connection and delivery of the
consignments.
5. Weighment of rakes through electronic in-motion-weighbridges and
weighment of parcels at destination before delivery.
6. Escorting of rakes.
7. Instructions regarding Monsoon Precautions are issued to all concerned
in advance every year in order to prevent damage of the consignment
by wet.
8. Proper closing, bolting and securing the doors of wagons.
9. Use of dunnage to prevent pilferage of contents from bagged
consignments. Use of Gunny Strips/Plastic sheets at door crevices to
prevent seepage of water, and use of tarpaulins on open wagons.
10. Arranging sufficient CCTVs in all major Parcel Offices.
11. Adequate lighting facility with high mast at Goods Sheds.
12. Regular counseling and training given to all staff and officers regarding
latest rules, circulars and new technologies in respect of Claims
matters.

18 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

Passenger Business PASSENGER JOURNEYS
(NUMBER)
PAS

(MILLION) (MILLION)

The profile of passenger traffic in 2022-23 as compared to 2021-22 10,000 1,200,000

is outlined below: 6,396

7,500 900,000

Suburban Non-suburban
2021-22 2022-23 2021-22 2022-23 5,000 3,519 600,000

Passengers originating (millions) 2,169 3,792 1,350 2,604

1,250
2,500 300,000
Passenger kilometers (millions) 69,798 1,14,350 5,20,419 8,44,570
Average lead (kilometres) 32.2 30.2 385.5 324.4 0 0
2020-21 2021-22 2022-23
Earnings (` in crore) 1,369.98 2,639.08 37,844.42 60,777.76
Average rate per passenger 19.6 23.08 72.72 71.96
kilometer (paise)

The overall trend of passenger traffic in the last three years was as PASSENGER REVENUE
63,416.85
follows: (₹ In Crs.)
64,000

Total suburban and Non-suburban

2020-21 2021-22 2022-23 48,000 39,214.39
PASSENGER JOURNEYS PASSENGER KILOMETRES
Passenger earnings (`in crore) 15,248.49 39,214.39 63,416.85
(NUMBER)

(MILLION) 32,000
(MILLION)
Passenger journeys (millions) 1,250 10,000
3,519 6,396 1,200,000 15,248.49
958,919
Passenger kilometres (millions) 2,31,126 5,90,217 9,58,919 16,000
6,396
Average lead (kilometres) 184.8 7,500
167.7 149.9 900,000
PASSENGER JOURNEYS PA
590,217
0 (NUMBER)

Fare Structure 5,000 3,519 600,000

(MILLION)
2020-21 2021-22 2022-23
(MILLION)
10,000 1,200,000
231,126
a. There was no increase in passenger fares in 2022-23.
2,500
1,250
300,000
6,396

b. The passenger fare over the suburban section was rationalized w.e.f. 7,500 900,000

05.05.2022 as under :- 0
2020-21 2021-22 2022-23
0
2020-21 2021-22
3,519
2022-23
5,000 600,000

(i) Single journey basic fare of AC EMU has been rationalized by

reducing around 50%. 2,500
1,250
300,000

(ii) Single journey basic fare of First Class has been reduced by around
PASSENGER REVENUE 0 0
41% to 49%. 63,416.85
2020-21 2021-22 2022-23

(₹ In Crs.)

Ticketless Travel 64,000

During 2022-23, 4.61 lakh checks were conducted

48,000
against
39,214.39
ticketless/
irregular travel (including carriage of unbooked luggage). About 361.03 PASSENGER REVENUE
lakh cases of ticketless/irregular travel/unbooked luggage
32,000
were detected and 63,416.85

`2,260.05 crore were realized on this account. 15,248.49

(₹ In Crs.)
64,000

16,000
Punctuality 48,000 39,214.39

The cumulative punctuality for financial year0 2022-23 over IR

2020-21 2021-22 2022-23
was 80.79%, which is 9.69% less as compared to corresponding period of 32,000

2021-22. The average no. of Mail/Exp. trains run per day during 2022-23 15,248.49

was 1,929 as compared to 1,530 trains run per day during 2021-22 (increase 16,000

of 21% i.e. 399 trains per day).

0
2020-21 2021-22 2022-23

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 19

 Unit Revenue
The average rate per passenger kilometer was 66.13 paise in 2022-23
as against 66.4 paise in 2021-22. Average revenue for different classes, was
as follows:
Earnings per passenger Earnings per passenger
kilometer (paise) journey (in `)
2021-22 2022-23 2021-22 2022-23
Ayodhya Station Building, NR
Suburban(all classes) 19.6 23.1 6.3 7.0
Non-Suburban:
AC Ist Class 333.6 331.7 1,996.5 1,940.8
AC Sleeper 182.6 186.1 1,459.0 1,484.0
AC 3-Tier 135.1 137.0 1,184.8 1,183.4
Ist class 387.8 282.7 234.1 217.9
AC Chair Car 176.2 186.9 530.6 567.6
Sleeper Class:
(i) Mail/Express 56.9 56.8 438.1 416.5
(ii) Ordinary 63.7 65.0 55.4 123.6
Second Class:
(i) Mail/Express 45.1 41.8 121.5 103.1
(ii) Ordinary 21.8 15.2 12.7 8.8
Total Non-suburban 72.7 72.0 280.3 233.4
During the year 2022-23, Indian Railways introduced new trains,
extended the runs and increased the frequency of existing trains, as given
below:
Trains Trains Runs Frequency of Total
introduced extended trains increased
Non-suburban 145 147 30 322
Suburban 15 50 34 99
Total 160 197 64 421
(Trains in singles)
Catering Services
Catering Services are provided to the travelling passengers in trains
and at stations. Catering Policy-2017 mandates the service of meals in trains
from the Base Kitchens owned, operated and managed by IRCTC. Catering
services to the travelling passengers are provided through Pantry Cars (540
pairs of trains), Train Side Vending (728 pairs of trains) and Static Units at en-
route stations. In addition, passengers travelling in trains may avail food of
their choice through e-Catering services which are available at 368 stations
with an average of 44,869 meals per day, Static Catering Units include 561
Major Static Units (Food Plaza, Fast Food Units, Jan Ahaar, Cell Kitchens,
Base Kitchens, Refreshment Rooms and Automatic Vending Machines) and
9,318 Minor Static Units (all stalls, trolleys) on Indian Railways. In addition,
there are 632 Water Vending Machines, 1201 Multi Purpose Stalls, 60
Bookstalls, 34 Miscellaneous/Curio Stalls and 03 exclusive Chemist Stalls
Restoring & Preserving India Railways operational at stations to ensure availability of items of travelling needs of
Heritage, IRITM
passengers.

20 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 In its endeavour to bring noticeable improvement in catering services
on Indian Railways, a number of initiatives have been undertaken during
2022-23, which are as under:

• Upgradation of Base Kitchen/Kitchen Units undertaken.

• CCTV Cameras have been installed in upgraded Base Kitchens /Kitchen
Units for better monitoring of food preparation right at the source. Real
time monitoring of the base kitchens through Artificial Intelligence and
QR Code Based Ticketing System, Metro
sharing of live streaming. Railway, Kolkata
• Deployment of on board IRCTC supervisors on trains.
• QR codes have been introduced on food packets enabling display of
details like name of kitchen, date of packaging, expiry date etc.
• Segregation of veg and non-veg food by means of stickers on food
packets.
• Mandatory facility of cashless transaction, issue of printed bills and
invoice reflecting all details of transactions undertaken at catering units.
• Awareness Campaigns launched:
 MRP on all products- “No MRP, the licence get cancelled”
 No Bill- The food is for FREE.
 ‘No Tips’ is stitched/displayed on the uniforms of service providers.
• Third Party Audit is done to examine hygiene and cleanliness in Pantry
Cars and Kitchen Units. Customer satisfaction survey is also conducted.
• To ensure compliance of Food Safety Norms, Food Safety and Standards
Authority of India (FSSAI), certification from Designated Food Safety
Officers of each catering unit has been made mandatory.
• Food Safety Supervisors have been deployed at Kitchen Units to
monitor food safety and hygienic practices.
• Regular and surprise inspections are conducted by Railway/ IRCTC
officials including Food Safety Officers.
• Further, as a measure to improve catering services on trains, IRCTC
has been given flexibility to customise the menu within the same
tariff so as to introduce the items of regional cuisines/preferences,
seasonal delicacies, requirement during festivals, food items as per the
preferences of different group of passengers such as diabetic food, baby
food, health food options including millet based local products, etc.
• There is also a robust mechanism in place for receiving passenger
feedback, complaints through Rail Madad, Twitter handle @IR
CATERING, CPGRAMS, E-Mails and SMS.
Rail Tourism
Indian Railways through Indian Railway Catering and Tourism The Hosapete railway station, upgraded
with modern passenger amenities, serves
Corporation Ltd (IRCTC) has been working towards promotion of Rail as rail-head to Hampi-UNESCO World
based Tourism through Rail Tour Packages, Budgeted tourist trains, Charter Heritage site, SWR

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 21

 Business etc. Now, the horizon of tourism activities has been expanded
to include Rail based tourism activities as well as Non-Rail based tourism
products to succeed in the competitive market and to better synergies
and offer better tourism products to people. The rail connectivity helps in
reaching and promoting tourist destinations on pan India basis.
Though the COVID-19 pandemic has dented the tourism industry,
IRCTC, the tourism arm of Indian Railways (IR) have converted the
Covid-19 challenges to opportunities. The packages were launched with
Bharat Gaurav train
new normal, strictly following the Covid-19 protocol of Government of
India. By launching Rail Tour packages, IR operated various tour packages
during the Covid-19 period.
Indian Railways, through IRCTC provides various types of tourism
products ranging from budget to luxury segment passengers. In addition, it
is also engaged in operation of budget hotels at prime locations, providing
information about various tourist destinations as well as tour packages
through Tourism Information & Facilitation Centres, Executive Lounges at
Railway stations, etc.
The important train/coach services, various rail based tour packages
are (i) Bharat Gaurav Trains, (ii) Luxury Tourist Trains viz. Maharajas'
Express, Golden Chariot, Palace on Wheels & Deccan Odyssey, (iii) Deluxe
Trains viz. Buddhist Circuit Special Train & AC Deluxe Tourist Train, (iv)
Rail tour Packages and (v) Online Charter Trains/Coaches and Saloon Cars.

(i) Bharat Gaurav Trains:

A representational image proposed Katpadi
Junction, SR Indian Railways have launched theme- based Tourist Circuit trains
under the Bharat Gaurav Trains (BGT) Policy issued vide Commercial
Circular No. 14 of 2021 dated 23.11.2021 with an objective to showcase
India’s rich cultural heritage and magnificent historical places. The Service
Provider shall have freedom to adopt its own business model and decide
the tariff to be charged from the tourists. The Service Provider may offer a
comprehensive package with facility of rail transportation, accommodation,
meals, local sightseeing etc. The Service Provider will be free to tie up
for back-end services such as marketing, booking of tickets, catering,
accommodations, etc. This scheme will also generate a multiplier effect to
increase employment opportunities. Indian Railways to retain ownership of
the coaches and provide operational assistance including coach maintenance
and stabling facilities.
Ministry of Railways have decided to give a concerted thrust to efforts
for promotion of domestic tourism through provision of better quality Linke
Hofmann Busch (LHB) coaches under the Bharat Gaurav Train policy and
give approximately 33% concession in the charges due to the Railway,
for promotion of rail based tourism under Bharat Gaurav Train scheme.
Further, in order to rationalize future demand of LHB coaches for operation
of Bharat Gaurav Trains, at present only IRCTC is allowed to place new rake
request. The existing service providers, who have already placed their rake
A representational image proposed request/allotted rakes shall continue to operate under the Bharat Gaurav
Chennai Egmore, SR
Trains policy framework.

22 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 The maiden Bharat Gaurav Train viz. Shirdi Yatra was launched on
14.06.2022 from Coimbatore to Mantralayam and Shirdi & back covering
a total distance of 2,880 km. The details of the Bharat Gaurav Train policy
can be referred at https://bharatgauravtrains.indianrailways.gov.in/.
In FY 2022-23, total 31 trips of Bharat Gaurav trains covering
various tourist destinations across the country were operated by different
service providers carrying 14,146 pax. These Bharat Gaurav trains were
operated with occupancy rate of approx. 74%. The Ramayana Yatra, the CSTM, Mumbai, CR
maiden Bharat Gaurav Train operated by IRCTC was taken to Nepal having
tourists on board.

(ii) Luxury Tourist Trains:

a) Maharajas’ Express:
Indian Railways through IRCTC is managing and operating the
Maharajas' Express successfully with the world recognition. Maharajas’
Express has been awarded as world’s leading Luxury Tourist Train for
seven consecutive years i.e. 2012 to 2018 as announced in World Travel
Award ceremony. The Maharajas’ Express was also awarded as “Luxury
Hospitality and Life Style Awards” for consecutive two years i.e. 2015 &
2016 as announced in Seven Star Luxury Award.
The 23-carriage-long train houses four different types of
accommodations viz. Deluxe Cabins, Junior Suite Cabins, Suites and
Presidential Suite. All cabins come with en-suite bathrooms. The cabins are
provided with adequate wardrobe space and luggage holds.
The train houses a full kitchen onboard which serves a mix of Lift at Madhupur Station, ER
International and Indian cuisines. The menu changes daily and guests can
make special dietary requests before commencement of the journey. The
train offers on-board and off-board services at substantially lower rates for
same quality/level of services.
Three packages of 6 Nights/ 7 Days and one package of 3 Nights/
4 Days have been designed to visit places like Udaipur, Jodhpur, Bikaner,
Jaipur, Ranthambore, Agra, Khajuraho and Varanasi. The itineraries
have been uploaded with departure dates on the website of the train i.e.
www.the-maharajas.com. The train is operated during the tourist season
September to April.
During FY 2022-23, IRCTC has operated 23 trips of Maharajas’
Express carrying approx. 975 tourists.

b) Palace on Wheels:
The Palace on Wheels, a luxury tourist train being operated by Indian
Railways through Rajasthan Tourism Development Corporation since 1982,
takes you on a scintillating journey into the royal land of sand dunes and
regal palaces. Voted as the 4th best luxury train in the world, the Palace on
Wheels carries with it an intrinsic ambience that goes perfectly well with the
majestic charm and beauty spread so lavishly across the Indian terrain.
Amrit Bharat Station Redevelopment, IR

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 23

 The Palace on Wheels train provides the most luxurious travel
experience of its kind on Indian Railways. Guest cabins provide a calm,
personal space where guests may read, relax or simply watch the landscape
spool through the panoramic windows.
A passionate team of chefs takes care of the gourmet meals that are
served in the 2 dining cars on board. For an authentic dining experience
of Royal Rajputana, the accent is on fresh local ingredients and traditional
dishes.
The Spa Car, Lounge Car and a Bar Car in Palace on Wheels ensure
that you rediscover the finer aspect of travelling for the entire duration of
your itinerary. So be prepared to step back into a more refined era and
unhurried pace of life.
During FY 2022-23, RTDC has operated 19 trips of Palace on Wheels
carrying 739 tourists.

c) Golden Chariot:
Indian Railways operates, Golden Chariot-the only luxury train
operated in South India, in association with Karnataka State Tourism
Development Corporation (KSTDC) during the tourist season in the months
of September to March/April every year. The Karnataka State Tourism
Development Corporation signed a memorandum of understanding with
the Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation (IRCTC) to market
and operate the Golden Chariot train. The train was taken over during
January 2020. The itineraries and departure dates of the train for the
season 2023-24 and 2024-25 have already been announced and published
on the official website www.goldenchariot.org. Three itineraries viz. Pride of
Karnataka (5Nights/6Days), Jewels of South (5Nights/6Days) and Glimpses
of Karnataka (3 Nights/4 Days) have been planned various destinations in
Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Goa.
During FY 2022-23, KSTDC has operated 01 trip of Golden Chariot
with 22 guests onboard.

d) Deccan Odyssey:
The huge success of the first Indian luxury train, Palace on wheels,
paved the way to the birth of another deluxe rail journey ‘Deccan Odyssey’
in the south western part of the country. A brainchild of Maharashtra
Tourism Development Corporation (MTDC), Deccan Odyssey offers the
most luxurious travel experience of its kind to passengers.
Aligned with the best royal trains of the world such as Blue Train of
South Africa or Orient Express of Europe, Deccan Odyssey was suffused
with every modern facility that contributes towards making each luxury
train tour to Maharashtra comfy and deluxe.
The Deccan Odyssey train covers Forts & Palaces of India, Taj
Mahal, Tiger & Lion forest reserves and UNESCO World Heritage sites of
Ajanta-Ellora Caves, Hampi etc. Deccan Odyssey has the most varieties of
itineraries on offer as compared to any other luxury train in India.

24 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 The Deccan Odyssey Train has been voted as the best luxury train
in Asia at the ‘World Luxury Travel Awards’ three times in a row. On the
Deccan Odyssey luxury train journey, you travel overnight in comfort of
richly furnished A/C cabins with ensuite bathrooms. In the daytime you
can enjoy pre-arranged sightseeing tours in diverse tourist destinations. The
decoration of the train reflects a particular era of the Deccan milieu and
each cabin is creatively outfitted with facilities like small wardrobe, personal
safe, telephone, attached bathroom with toiletries, air-conditioning and a
personal attendant on round the clock service of the guests.
Cost of daily three meals, sightseeing tours, travel & onboard stay is
included in the package cost. The train has 21 luxurious coaches, which
are comprised of 12 passengers’ saloons, two dining cars, one bar lounge,
conference saloon with business centre, mini gym & ayurvedic spa facility.
The entire train is interconnected with common passageway and dining cars
are in the centre of the train with six passenger saloons on either side. Each
of the 21 coaches of Deccan Odyssey is celestially decorated that give an
insight view of the elegant travelling style of the Maharajas of the bygone
era.
All the destinations covered in a weeklong Maharashtra tour is
sumptuously selected so that the tourists can witness the vividness of the
state along with traversing through the diverse landscapes. It is certainly
a surprise tour on the rolling wheels of Deccan Odyssey that transport the
travellers to a world where everything is regal, elegant and brainstorming.
During FY 2022-23 MTDC could not operate any trip of Deccan
Odyssey.

iii) Deluxe Train:

a) Buddhist Circuit Special Train:
Buddhist Circuit is a niche product of 7 Night/8 Days itinerary which
covers all major Buddhist Pilgrim locations in India and Lumbini in Nepal.
The major destinations covered follow the life span of Lord Gautam Buddha
like Bodhgaya, Rajgir, Nalanda, Varanasi, Sarnath, Kushinagar, Lumbini
(Nepal), Shravasti and Agra. The tour is mostly patronised by International
clients and has been able to attract domestic clients as well. The details of
package tours & destinations covered as well as online booking facility are
available at Buddhist train micro-site “www.irctcbuddhisttrain.com”.
During FY 2022-23, IRCTC has operated 01 trip of Buddhist Circuit
with 44 tourists.

b) AC Deluxe Tourist Train:

Indian Railways has been working to enhance utilization of Buddhist
Special Train rake by permitting IRCTC to operate different tourist circuits
targeting domestic tourists. Therefore, they have launched deluxe tourist
trains.
During FY 2022-23, IRCTC has operated 04 trips with 789 passengers
on-board.

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 25

 iv) Rail Tour Packages:
This is a comprehensive package of Indian Railway through IRCTC,
where it offers an all inclusive Package even with confirmed onward and
return rail journey apart from other elements of a package such as road
transfers, accommodation, meals and sight-seeing at reasonable rates.
During FY 2022-23, 21,741 tourists have availed the facility of Rail
Tour packages.

v) Online Chartering of Trains/Coaches and Saloon Cars:

Ministry of Railways nominated IRCTC as the single window agency
for online booking of Full Tariff Rate (FTR) Trains/coaches and Saloon Cars
on charter basis. The online booking of FTR Trains/Coaches and Saloon
Cars is done through IRCTC’s exclusive web page: www.ftr.irctc.co.in.
During FY 2022-23, IRCTC has operated 632 (140 FTR trains, 399
FTR Coaches and 93 Saloon Cars) charter trains/coaches and Saloon Cars.

Passenger Amenities
The allocation under the Plan Head-53 “Passenger Amenities” in
2022-23 was `2,700 crore (Budget Estimate) and the same was revised to
`3,824 crore (Revised Estimate).
1,253 stations were identified for development under the Adarsh
Station Scheme, out of which 1,250 stations have since been developed
under the said scheme.
During the Year 2022-23, 376 Foot over Bridges were constructed
over Indian Railways. 121 stations were provided with water coolers,
59 stations were electrified and 221 passenger lifts and 188 escalators were
provided at Railway Stations.

Customer Care
Under Mission Karmayogi, National Program for Civil Service
Capacity Building, “Mission Rail Karmayogi Shisht-ta Amrit” program was
executed by Indian Railway Institute of Training and Management (IRITM)
to orient front line staff of Indian Railways i.e. TTEs and Freight staff - Parcel/
Goods & Commercial clerks towards greater citizen centric outlook. Under
the program, 1150 Master Trainers were given training at IRITM and these
Master Trainers imparted training to approx. 93,000 field staff in Divisions
with the objective to transform their professional outlook by enhancing
their competencies viz. communication, timeliness, client oriented, problem
solving etc. An online module for this training has also been developed
and uploaded on iGOT digital platform for further knowledge sharing.

(a). Passenger Reservation System (PRS)

Passenger Reservation System (PRS) is running at about 3,465
locations, and handles more than 3,000 trains. The online ticket booking
share is over 80% of total served tickets.

26 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 Computerised reservation terminals have been expanded to remote
corner’s through India Post PRS centers; non-railhead PRS facilities have
been extended through State Government and local bodies. The progress
of PRS locations over the years is as indicated below:
No. of locations with PRS facility
12-13 13-14 14-15 15-16 16-17 17-18 18-19 19-20 20-21 21-22 22-23
3,019 3,146 3,201 3,350 3,422 3,384 3,443 3,445 3,274 3,456 3,465

(b). Unreserved Ticketing System (UTS)

The Unreserved Ticketing System (UTS) in 2002-03 is now functioning
at about 6,120 locations (working) on Indian Railways. This covers most of
the important stations of IR. The details of proliferation of locations over the
previous years is as indicated below:
No. of locations with UTS facility
12-13 13-14 14-15 15-16 16-17 17-18 18-19 19-20 20-21 21-22 22-23
5,619 5,778 5,835 5,860 6,083 6,070 6,259 6,329 4,218* 6,120 6,331

*This shows working Locations of UTS. Some locations were closed temporarily
because of Covid.
UTS on Mobile app has also become popular, particularly in suburban
sections of Mumbai. The latest enhancement is the M-UTS that enables
UTS tickets to be booked via a mobile device connected to a portable
printer.

(c) Automatic Ticket Vending Machines (ATVMs)/Coin-

cum-Card Operated Automatic Ticket Vending Machine
(CoTVMs)
Presently, more than 3,771 ATVMs and CoTVMs are working over
Indian Railways. The ATVMs facilitate purchase unreserved tickets, platform
and recharging of season tickets by the passenger’s through a touch screen
facility. Thus, queuing at the counters is significantly reduced during the
rush hours.

(d) Online and Mobile Ticketing on Indian Railways

CRIS manages the website www.irctc.co.in for online booking of
reserved tickets on behalf of the Indian Railway Catering and Tourism
Corporation (IRCTC), which is one of the largest e-commerce websites in
the country.

Computerised Passenger Reservation System

The facility of computerised Passenger Reservation System (PRS)
is available at about 168 locations in the North Eastern Region. All State
Capitals of North Eastern Region are on PRS network. Some of the above
locations are unified Passenger Reservation System-cum Unreserved
Ticketing Systems (PRS-cum-UTS).

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 27

 Some Special Features of Ticket Booking on Indian Railways
(a). E-Ticketing system
E-ticketing has been one of the most passenger-friendly initiatives of
Indian Railways, as it obviates the need to come to Railway reservation
counters. Passengers who have booked e-tickets can either take a print-out
of the Electronic Reservation Slip (ERS) or can display the Short Message
Service (SMS) sent by IRCTC containing all vital details to the on-board
ticket checking staff for undertaking travel in reserved classes subject to
appearance of passengers' name in the reservation chart and carrying of
any one of prescribed proofs of identity in original. Owing to convenience
offered by e-ticketing, the share of e-ticketing has consistently increased
over the years and accounted for approximately 80% of the total reserved
tickets booked during 2022-23

(b). Unreserved ticket booking through mobile phone

The UTSONMOBILE APP has been launched to promote cashless
transaction, Contactless ticketing and enhanced customer convenience.
It aims to obviate the need for passengers to wait in queues at the ticket
booking counters for purchasing the unreserved tickets and thereby facilitate
seamless booking of unreserved-journey tickets, season tickets & platform
tickets. Payment can be made through either Railway wallet (R-Wallet)
(created with zero balance upon successful registration & linked with the
mobile number) or through other digital modes like debit card, credit card,
net banking, UPI through payment aggregator vis Paytm, Mobikwik and
Freecharge.

(c). Information on Status of Booking

First reservation chart is finalized automatically at least 4 hours before
the scheduled departure of the train so that the waitlisted passengers can
come to know about the final status of their bookings. Thereafter, the
available accommodation, if any, can be booked across any computerized
PRS counter or through internet. Second reservation chart is prepared
between 30 minutes to 5 minutes before the scheduled/rescheduled train
departure. Remaining berths, if any, are transferred to the next remote
location.
The passenger gets SMS on his registered mobile number indicating
the coach and berth number allotted.

(d). Alternate Train Accommodation Scheme - Vikalp

With a view to provide confirmed accommodation to waitlisted
passengers and also to ensure optimal utilization of available accommodation,
a scheme called Alternate Train Accommodation Scheme- VIKALP has been
implemented. Under this scheme, Waiting list passengers can give choice, at
the time of booking ticket, to opt to travel by alternate train in case the berth
is not confirmed after preparation of the charts.

(e). Station Ticket Booking Agent (STBA)

To facilitate ticket booking “Station Ticket Booking Agents” are

28 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

engaged to issue unreserved tickets at ‘NSG-5’ and ‘NSG-6’ category
stations. A pilot project for issue of unreserved tickets through STBA at
‘NSG-4’ and ‘SG-3’ stations has also been launched.

(f). Yatri Ticket Suvidha Kendra (YTSK)

With a view to expanding the facilities for issuing of tickets (both
reserved and unreserved), public private partnership was allowed in
establishment and operation of computerized PRS-cum-UTS terminals at
centers called YTSK.

(g). Online concessional ticket booking facility to Divyangjan

The scope of internet ticketing has been expanded to provide online
concessional ticket booking facility to Divyangjan.

(h). Booking of Foreign Tourists through Internet upto 365

Days in Advance
With a view to provide confirmed reservation to foreign tourists
through internet (e-ticketing), they are allowed to book accommodation in
Executive Class/1st AC, 2nd AC, 3rd AC, Sleeper Class, Second Sitting
and Chair Car Class in all trains upto 365 days in advance. The facility is
available upto the time of opening of reservation in the train as per Advance
Reservation Period. Thereafter, the Foreign Tourists can book ticket against
Foreign Tourist Quota which has been earmarked in certain mail/express
trains based on demand pattern.

(i). Facility of Online Change of Boarding Point

For the convenience of passengers, the online facility of change
of boarding point upto the time of preparation of first reservation charts
has been extended both for the tickets booked through internet as well
those booked through computerized Passenger Reservation System(PRS)
counters. This facility is also available through 139 and across PRS counters
(during working hours of PRS centers). In case of change of boarding point
short of 24 hours, no refund is permissible in normal circumstances.

Coaching Vehicle
1. Induction of semi-high speed Vande Bharat (Train-sets)
Semi High Speed Self Propelled (Train-set) Vande Bharat was
manufactured by Integral Coach Factory/Chennai with indigenous efforts,
termed Train-18/ Vande Bharat Express. Vande Bharat services have been
introduced between New Delhi -Varanasi and New Delhi- Shri Mata Vaishno
Devi Katra in 2019-20.
These trains have features like quick acceleration, Substantial
reduction in travel time, having maximum speed of 160kmph, on board
infotainment and GPS based passenger information system, automatic
sliding doors, retractable footsteps and Zero discharge vacuum bio toilets
etc. The Train-18 has contemporary features as per global standards.
A new and improved version of Vande Bharat trains with enhanced
safety features, better ride index and passenger amenities have been

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 29

 manufactured and introduced in 2022-23. As on 31.03.2023, 8 trains of
the new version were running between Mumbai Central- Gandhi Nagar
Capital, New Delhi-Amb Andaura, Chennai-Mysore, Bilaspur-Nagpur,
Howrah Jn-New Jalpaiguri and Secundrabad-Vishakhapatnam, Mumbai
Central-Sainagar Shirdi and Mumbai Central-Solapur.
Further, Manufacturing of 744 Vande Bharat coaches is included in
Production Plan 23-24.

2. Vistadome coaches
Vistadome coaches provide panoramic view, through wider body side
windows as well as through transparent sections in the roof, thus enabling
the passengers to enjoy the scenic beauty of the places through which they
travel. Presently, 88 Vistadome coaches are available over various sections
of Indian Railways.
7 LHB type BG Vistadome in 2020-21, 15 in 2021-2022 and 17 in
2022-23 (till 31st March 2023) have been manufactured by ICF/Chennai.
Further, Manufacturing of 54 Vistadome coach is included in Production
Plan 23-24.

3. CCTV cameras equipped with video analytics

Provision of CCTV cameras in train coaches has been one of the
priority items. Hon’ble MR under Para 31 of the Budget speech 2015-16 has
also announced fitment of CCTV on pilot basis and IR has further planned
for proliferation of CCTVs in its coaches. CCTV cameras have been fitted in
more than 6,900 coaches so far.
4. Complete switchover to LHB
Ministry of Railways has decided for large scale proliferation of LHB
coaches which are technologically superior with features like Anti climbing
arrangement, Air suspension (Secondary) with failure indication system
and less corrosive shell. These coaches have better riding and aesthetics as
compared to the conventional ICF coaches. The Production units of Indian
Railways are producing only LHB coaches from April 2018 onwards. The
production of LHB coaches are continually increased during the years and
more than 34,400 LHB coaches has been turned out till 31st March 2023.
(5,133 LHB coaches have been turnout in 2022-23).
1,060 no of ICF Rakes (total 742 pair of trains) have been replaced
with LHB coaches rakes. Around 1,228 rakes are running with LHB coaches.
The manufacturing of LHB coaches has increased from 2,209
coaches in year 2006-2014 to 31,956 coaches in year 2014-2023. Further,
it is planned to manufacture 4,992 LHB coaches in Year 2023-24
5. Smart Coaches
In view of the latest development in rolling stock technology, its
maintenance and increased level of passengers comfort. Indian railways has
introduced around 100 Smart coaches with ultra modern features like Smart
Public address and passenger information system, Smart HVAC (Heating,
Ventilation and Air Conditioning system), Smart security and surveillance
system etc. in train service.

30 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

6. Introduction of NMGH / NMGHS coaches
a. There has been increase in demand of Automobile Carrying
vehicles over Indian Railways. Accordingly, to capture traffic of
automobile movement, there has been increased emphasis for
manufacturing of NMG coaches from conversion of existing ICF
coaches which are being phased out from train operation gradually.
b. While NMG coaches have speed potential of 75 kmph, NMGH
coaches were introduced with higher speed potential of 110 kmph
which shall create more line capacity.
c. Subsequently, NMGHS coaches with speed potential of 110 kmph
and provision of side entry have been introduced.
d. ICF coaches is planned to convert into 250 NMGH / 1,750 NMGHS
coaches. Consequently, 250 NMGH / 635 NMGHS coaches has
been converted (as on 31.03.2023).
Further, work in around 1,115 NMGHS coaches (Automobile Carrying
vehicles) is in progress.
7. Any other initiatives
a. Quick watering facilities are being provided for quick watering in
trains within stipulated halt of the train. These facilities are essential
to ensure availability of adequate water in coaches throughout the
journey. At present, nearly 156 locations have been identified for
provision of this facility, out of which these systems are installed
and functional at 110 locations. Work has been completed in 16
locations in 2022-23.
b. Automatic Coach Washing Plants have been installed over Zonal
Railways to clean exterior of coaches more effectively and efficiently.
In addition to excellent cleaning the direct water consumption also
gets reduced avoiding wastage and recycling the water through
water recycling plant integrated with this plant. 139 locations have
been identified for provision of ACWP. Instructions have already
been issued to General Managers of Zonal Railways to provide
automatic coach washing plants in all coaching depots. Now,
Automatic Coach Washing Plants are available at 65 locations.
Work has been completed in 16 locations in 2022-23.
8. Hydrogen For Heritage
In a move to fulfill the Government’s commitment to achieving zero
carbon footprints by 2030, IR has planned to develop hydrogen fuel cell
based trains in IR network. Accordingly, Northern Railway has awarded
a contract for conversion of diesel power mode to Hydrogen Fuel as retro
fitment of one DEMU rake on Sonipat-Jind section.
The retro fitment of diesel-powered DEMU and converting it into a
hydrogen-fuel powered train set will not only save the expenditure but also
save the carbon footprint and particulate matter. Field trial for this Hydrogen
Fuel Based Train is expected to commence in 2023-24.

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 31

 9. Production of Vande Metro
Indian Railways have decided to introduce Vande Metro trains for
Mainline as well as suburban system. These trains will have State-of-the-art
IGBT based 3-phase propulsion system, air conditioning, automatic doors,
PA/PIS, Emergency Talkback system and CCTVs etc. in Budget 2023-24,
provision of 3,600 coaches of Vande Metro has been made.
10. Bio Toilets in coaches
As a part of “Swachh Bharat Mission” Indian Railway has completed
the work of fitment / installation of Bio Toilets in all its coaches on line. This
has ensured that no human waste is discharged from coaches on track. With
this effort, dumping of nearly 2,74,000 litres per day of waste water and
3,980 tons per day of excreta on tracks is avoided.
The provision of Bio-toilets in coaches has been increased from 3,647
coaches in year 2006-2014 to 80,478 coaches in year 2014-2023. Further,
all newly manufacture coaches, turning out of Production Units, are being
provided with bio-toilets. With this effort, all coaches running on line are
having provision of bio-toilets.
11. Focus on improving safety in new manufacture coaches
Indian Railways is taking following steps to further strengthen the safety
and reliability of railway passengers during manufacturing at Production
Units.
I. Fire detection and Suppression system in Pantry cars and
Power cars
Power Cars are more prone to fire due to presence of Diesel
Alternator sets along with fuel tanks and other high voltage equipment.
Pantry Cars are also more prone to fire due to cooking being carried
out in these coaches. In this respect, Automatic Fire detection and
suppression systems are being provided in Power cars and Pantry
cars.
Instructions have already been issued to Production Units in
April 2017 that all newly manufactured Power Cars and Pantry Cars
are provided with Fire detection and Suppression system.
1,775 Power Cars and 806 Pantry Cars Coaches have been
provided with Fire Detection and Suppression System upto 2022-23.
II. Fire and Smoke detection system in all newly manufactured
AC coaches
With a view to improve fire safety in running trains, Automatic
Fire and Smoke Detection System are being provided in AC coaches.
The specifications for Automatic Fire and Smoke Detection System
have been upgraded integrating the air brake system in the coaches
with Fire and Smoke detection system.
10,844 AC coaches have been provided with Fire and Smoke
Detection System upto 2022-2023. Instructions have already been
issued to Production Units in June, 2017 that all newly manufactured
AC coaches be provided with Automatic Fire and Smoke Detection
System.
32 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23
III. Provision of Fire Extinguishers in Non AC coaches
Dry chemical powder type fire extinguishers are provided in
all Air-conditioned coaches, Second class- cum-guard and luggage
van and Pantry cars. 34,705 Non-AC coaches are being provided
with Dry chemical powder type fire extinguishers. Further, Instructions
issued to Production Units to provide fire extinguishers in all newly
manufactured non-AC coaches as well.
IV. Improving Fire Retardancy in Coaches
Coaches are being provided with fire retardant furnishing
materials such as Fire retardant curtains, partition paneling, roof
ceiling, flooring, seat and berths along with cushioning material and
seat covers, Windows and UIC Vestibules etc. The specifications
of these items are being upgraded from time to time as a part of
continual improvement. In the specification of major furnishing items,
now a new parameter related to fire retardancy (i.e. heat release rate)
has been introduced as per international norms.

12. Further Measure taken to strengthen the safety and

reliability of Railway coaches
Indian Railways had taken following steps to further strengthen
the safety and reliability of Railway coaches.
I. Progressive use of Air Springs
For enhancing safety and reliability of passenger coaches, the
suspension systems are being redesigned with air springs at secondary
stage capable to maintain constant height at variable loads. Air springs
have been developed and are being fitted on all the newly built EMUs
& DMUs coaches for sub-urban trains. Air springs have now been
developed for mainline coaches as well and have been fitted in large
scale in newly manufactured coaches. Production Units have been
advised to use Air springs in all newly manufactured LHB coaches.
II. Provision of Automatic door closure mechanism in coaches:-
Provision of Automatic door closure mechanism has been
planned on coaches to prevent accidental falling of passengers
from running trains. Select variants of the main line coaches will be
provided with Automatic door closure mechanism.
Automatic door closure mechanism has also been provided in the
coaches of Vande Bharat Trains, TEJAS sleeper RAJDHANI, TEJAS
Chair car and Humsafer coaches.
14 air-conditioned EMU (Electric Multiple Unit) rake with
Automatic doors has been manufactured at Integral Coach Factory,
Chennai for Mumbai, Western Railway. Integral Coach Factory/
Chennai has also turned out coaches for Kolkata Metro with Automatic
door closure mechanism.
Further, instruction to have been issued to Production Unit’s to
turn out all future Humsafar and Uday train coaches with Automatic
Plug type doors (4 nos. per coach).

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 33

 III. Provision of Double Acting doors in coaches
Double Acting door in coaches are two way swing AC
compartment doors for easy evacuation of passengers. Such doors
need to be provided in AC coaches so as to improve the fire worthiness
and enable passengers to quickly evacuate from the coach in the
event of fire.

CLEANLINESS AND HYGIENE

Cleanliness on Trains
y Mechanized Cleaning of Coaches at both ends is being carried
out through professional agencies in around 198 coaching depots.
Machines like high pressure jet cleaners, floor scrubbers, wet and dry
vacuum cleaners, hand held buffing machines etc. are deployed for
the purpose.
y On Board Housekeeping Service (OBHS) has been provided in
more than 1200 pairs of important long distance Mail/Express
trains for cleaning of coach toilets, doorways, aisles and passenger
compartments during the run of the trains.
y Clean Train Station (CTS) scheme has been prescribed for limited
mechanized cleaning at 38 stations.
y Standard Bid Document (SBD) and General Condition of Contract
for Services (GCCS) have been issued with enabling provision to
improve handling and effectiveness of cleaning contracts.
y 720 major stations have obtained consent to operate from concerned
State Pollution Control Boards.
y 476 Goods Sheds, 42 Railway Owned Sidings and 761 Private Sidings
have obtained consent to operate from concerned State Pollution
Control Board till March, 2023.
y Around 37 Stations have achieved Green Certification from CII till
March, 2023.

Goods train, IR

34 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

Planning
In the year 2022-23, the following assets were acquired:-
S.No. Heads In Numbers
1. Wagons (BLC+ Private Wagons) 22,790
2. Locomotives 1,189
Bridge on River Rupnarayan at Kolaghat,
3. Coaches including 5,877 SER
(i) EMUs 120
(ii) MEMUs 325

In addition, the following works were accomplished:-

S.No. Heads In Kms.
1. New lines 1,815.49
2. Gauge Conversion to BG from MG/ 242.20
NG
3. Double/Multiple lines 3,185.53
4. Route Electrification 6,565.00
5. Track renewals (both primary & 5,227.26
secondary renewal)

The Plan allocation (Revised Estimates) and Actual Net Expenditure

for 2022-23 compared with 2021-22, were as follows:-
Plan Head (` in crore)
2021-22 2022-23
Allocation Actual Net Allocation Actual Net
(R.E.) Expenditure (R.E.) Expenditure
CIVIL ENGINEERING
1 New Lines 19,071.83 21,244.91 26,014.07 24,310.17
(Construction)
2 Gauge Conversion 3,038.09 2,836.87 3,870.00 2,833.79
3 Doubling 32,478.77 32,219.41 42,526.06 29,979.17
4 Traffic Facilities- Yard 4273.44 2,675.13 4,740.00 4,456.36
Remodeling and Others
5 Road Safety Works - 731.00 450.13 750.00 519.82
Level Crossings
6 Road Safety Works 3,862.13 4,222.06 6,000.00 4,825.25
- Road Over/Under
Bridges
7 Track Renewals 15,229.72 14,082.00 15,388.05 13,811.98
8 Bridge Works 1,365.49 1,296.79 1,215.00 1,042.82
9 Staff Welfare 518.96 473.27 462.56 420.86
TOTAL 80,569.43 79,500.57 1,00,965.74 82,200.22
MECHANICAL
1 Rolling Stock 43,433.11 41,406.17 60,198.86 43,878.98
2 Leased Assets– 14,702.00 14,580.80 18,898.00 17,456.40
Payment of Capital
Component
3 Machinery and Plant 866.59 887.07 537.91 519.49
4 Workshops including 2,513.34 2,668.39 2,671.46 2,478.67
Production Units
TOTAL 61,515.04 59,542.43 82,306.23 64,333.54
Passenger Service of SER

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 35

 ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
1 Electrification Projects 8,171.51 6,961.37 8,030.22 6,641.61
2 Other Electrical Works 662.81 626.84 676.17 731.28
including Traction
Distribution Works excl.
TRD
TOTAL 8,834.32 7,588.21 8,706.39 7,372.89

SIGNAL and TELECOMMUNICATION

1 S and T Works 2,332.41 2,142.18 2,428.47 2,448.85
TOTAL 2,332.41 2,142.18 2,428.47 2,448.85

OTHERS
1 Computerization 485.05 317.80 462.16 398.47
2 Railway Research 23.48 30.82 107.00 39.12
3 User’s Amenities 2,351.42 1,995.41 3,824.20 2,157.72
4 Investment in PSUs/ 32,244.41 25,750.57 28,980.87 27,532.93
JVs/SPV etc. (Govt. &
Non-Govt.)
5 Other Specified Works 862.24 542.55 856.82 556.21
6 Training/HRD 144.93 75.99 154.00 115.42
7 Inventories 250.00 -122.45 350.00 1,243.77
8 M.T.Ps. 2,000.00 2,514.58 3,536.00 4,497.91
9 EBR (Partnership) 25,000.00 - 14,700.00
10 Credits or recoveries -1,612.73 - -2,077.88
TOTAL 61,748.80 31,105.27 50,893.17 36,541.55
GRAND TOTAL 2,15,000.00 @1,79,878.66 2,45,300.00 #1,92,897.05

Actual Net Expenditure

@ Excluding actual expenditure of `10,388.41 crore under EBR(PPP) during 2021-22.
# Excluding actual expenditure of `11,086.03 crore under EBR(PPP) during 2022-23.

SER Headquarters Building at Garden Reach, Kolkata

36 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 1,400

0
2020-21 2021-22 2022-23

Engineering GAUGE CONVERSIONS

(Kms.)
During 2022-23, 1,815.49 Km New Lines were constructed, track of 800
635.91
242.2 Km was converted from MG/NG to BG, and 3,185.53 Km of double/
multi-tracking line commissioned. The details of the same are given below : 600
469.93

New Lines: 400

During 2022-23, 1,815.49 Km of new lines have been completed on 242.20

the following sections: 200

S.N Rly Project Section Km

Commissioned 0
2020-21 2021-22 2022-23

1 SCR Bhadrachalam-Sattupalli Bhavanapalem-Sattupalli 14

2 ECR Khagaria-Kusheshwar asthan Khagaria-Alauli 19
3 SECR Kharsia-Korichapper new line Chhal feeder line 8.5
4 WR Dahod Indore new line Dahod-Katwara 11.3
5 ECOR Khurda - Balangir Bichhupali-Jhartarbha 10.65
6 ECOR Angul-Balaram Angul-Balaram 14
7 NR Rohtak-Meham-Hansi Rohtak-Meham 32
8 ECR Koderma Ranchi new line Sidhwar-Shanki 26.7
9 SCR Muneerabad-Mahbubnagar Krishna to Maganur 13.2
10 SCR Bhadrachalam - Sattupalli Bethampudi Chord line 1.73
11 WCR Ramganjmandi-Bhopal Junakhera-Akhlera 27
12 ECoR Angul Sukinda New line Baghuapal-Budhapank 95
13 SWR Tumakuru-Rayadurga Kadiridevarapalli- 20
Doddahalli
14 SECR Mandir Hasaud-Nava Mandir Hasaud-Nava 20.5
Raipur-Kendri Raipur-Kendri
15 DFCCIL WDFC Rewari-Madar (306 km 612
double line)
16 DFCCIL WDFC Madar-Palanpur (353 km 706
double line)
17 NWR Dausa-Gangapurcity new Piplai - Lalsot 26.00
line
18 CR Belapur-Seawood-Uran Kharkopar-Uran 29.20
19 ER Pirpainti-Jasidih new line Mohanpur-Harlantnr 16.00
20 SECR Kharsia-Dharamjaigarh lines Korichapper-Baroud 4.50
21 ECR Koderma-Tilaiya new line Koderma-Jharahi 17.30
22 ECR Sakri - Hasanpur New Line Hasanpur-Bithan 10.00
Anji Bridge, NR

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 37

 S.N Rly Project Section Km
Commissioned
23 SWR Gadag-Wadi Sangnal-Hanamapur 13.10
24 ER Pirpainti-Jasidih new line Harlatanr-Hansdiha 22.13
25 SCR Manoharabad-Kottapalli Kodakandla-Duddeda 21.68

Ausa Road TSS Secunderabad Project, 26 Metro Joka-Binay Badal Joka-BBD Bagh via 13.00
SCR Majherhat
27 Metro New Garia-Hemanta Dum Dum-New Garia 11.00
Mukhopadhyay via Rajarhat
Total 1815.49

Doubling:
During 2022-23, 3185.53 Kms of double/multiple lines track were
completed.

Gauge Conversion:
During 2022-23, 242.2 Kms of track was converted from MG/NG to
BG as detailed below:
S.N Rly Project Section Km
Commissioned
1 WR Ahmedabad-Mahesana Dangarwa-Jagudan 16
2 ECR Saharsa-Forbesganj Lalitgram-Narpatganj 12
3 NWR Ahmedabad-Udaipur via Kharwa chanda - 37
Himmatnagar Jaysamand
4 SR Mayiladuturai - Thiruvarur Tiruturaipundi- 37
Agastiyampalli
5 SR Madurai -Bodinayakannur Teni-Bodinayakkanur 15
6 WR Akola-Khandwa GC Khandwa Cabin- 4.4
Khandwa
7 ECR Saharsa-Forbesganj GC Narpatganj-Forbesganj 17
8 ECR Jaynagar-Darbhanga- Narkatiaganj-Amolwa 12.74
Narkatiaganj
9 ECR Sakri-Nirmali & Saharsa- Jhanjharpur-Mahrail 8
Forbisganj
10 WR Ahmedabad Mahesana GC Jagudan- Mahesana 10.80
11 WR Miyagam-Dabhoi Miyagam-Karjan-Dabohi 8.56
GC
12 WR Katosan Rd.-Chanasma-Ranuj Katosan Road-Bechraji 29.00
GC
13 NER Indara-Dohrighat Indara-Dohrighat 34.70
Total 242.2

Track Renewal and Maintenance:

Erection of OHE masts on Tungabhadra During 2022-23, 5,227.26 kms in Complete Track Renewal (CTR)
Bridge as part of electrification in the
Tolahunse-Hubballi section units of track renewal was carried out. The year wise details of Track

38 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

Renewal done and expenditures incurred thereon are as under: TRACK RENEWALS
Year Gross expenditure Track Renewal done
(Kms.) 5,227
(` in crore) (in CTR units) 5,600

2021-22 16,557.87 4,275 4,363 4,275

2022-23 16,325.72 5,227.26 4,200

One Complete Track Renewal (CTR) units comprises of one km of

2,800
Through Rail Renewal (0.5 CTR units) and one km of Through Sleeper
Renewal (0.5 CTR units).
1,400

Track Upgradation
0
The track constitutes the basic infrastructure of a railway system and 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23

bears the burden of coping with ever increasing traffic. Higher speed and
heavy axle load operation of IR have necessitated up-gradation of the track
structure. Several policy initiatives have been taken in order to modernize
the track. GAUGE CONVERSIONS

Track structure is upgraded at the time of renewals. Sleepers are (Kms.)

being upgraded from wooden, steel and CST-9 to PSC (Normal/Wider 800
635.91
Base) sleepers. Heavier section and high tensile strength 60kg 90UTS/R260
rails are being used in place of 90R/52kg 72/90UTS rails. Similarly, long rail 600
469.93

panels or welded rails are predominantly used in place of earlier fish plated
joints. The sturdier turnouts using thick web switches are being provided on 400
242.20
trunk routes and high density routes. As on 31.03.23, on BG main lines of
IR, about 90.06% of the length is covered by long welded rails, 99.50% with 200

PSC sleepers and 99.27% with 52kg/60kg 90 or higher UTS rails.

0
Welded Rails 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23

On most of BG track, rails have been converted into long welded

rails. Short-welded rails of 39m length and single rails are limited to locations,
where welded rails are not permitted on technical grounds. As on 31.03.23,
total length of track on main lines of Indian Railways was 1,02,121.9 out
of which 90,427.2 km was with long welded rails and 9,300.8 km was with
short-welded rails.

Track Modernization
Indian Railways is working towards progressive mechanization and
modernization of track maintenance, laying inspection and monitoring of
track. Some of the major steps taken during the year 2022-23 are as below:

Track Modernization
Indian Railways are working towards progressive mechanization and
modernization of maintenance, laying, inspection and monitoring of track.
Some of the major steps taken are as below:-
(A) Switch Rail Grinding Machines (SRGM): Six number SRGMs
have been inducted on IR for grinding of turnouts, switches, LC
gates, sharp curves with check rails, track on bridges having guard
rails without removing the guard rails etc. Further, four numbers Indore Metro
SRGMs are under supply.

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 39

 (B) Track Inspection and Recording: Track recording Cars (TRC)
are deployed for monitoring of parameters at stipulated intervals
to enable planning of track maintenance. During 2022-23, a total
of 2,12,486 km track recording was carried out.
During 2022-23, highest ever 250 numbers track machines
have been supplied on IR taking the total to 1,519 nos.
During 2023-24 (upto September, 2023)
The tunnel under Hooghly River which will
connect Howrah to Esplanade station on (A) Rail Grinding Machines (96 stone RGM): In addition to 2
the Green Line nos. 72 stone RGMs already working in IR, 10 nos. 96-stone high
productivity rail grinding machines are being supplied to Zonal
Railways to cover entire IR track. First 96 stone high productivity
rail grinding machines are supplied to Zonal Railways to cover
entire IR track. First 96 stone RGM has been recently inducted in
NR for grinding of rails.
(B) During 2023-24 (upto Sept., 2023) 94 nos. of track machines
have been inducted on IR.
Level Crossing
Level crossings are meant to facilitate the smooth running of traffic
in a regulated manner governed by specific rules and conditions. Status of
level crossings on IR as on 01.04.2023 is as under:
Total number of level crossings : 18,477
Number of manned level crossings : 17,918 (97%)
Number of unmanned level crossings : 559 (3%)

Indian Railway has decided to progressively eliminate the level

crossings for the safety of road users and train passengers. During the year
2022-23, 880 Nos. of manned level crossings have been eliminated. All
unmanned level crossings on Board Gauge have already been eliminated
on 31.01.2019.

Road Over/Under Bridges

To improve safety of train operation and reduce inconvenience to
road users, level crossings are being replaced by Road Over/Under Bridges/
Subways (ROBs/RUBs) in a phased manner based on the quantum of traffic.
During the year 2022-23, 234 ROBs and 833 RUBs/subways have
been constructed under cost sharing, railway cost/accommodation works,
Deposit/BOT term and by NHAI over Indian Railways

Bridges
As on 01.04.2023, Indian Railways has a total number of 1,58,064
Bridges out of which 711 Bridges are important, 12,610 bridges are major
and 1,44,743 bridges are minor Bridges.
During the year 2022-23, 1,732 Bridges were strengthened /
Chenab Bridge World's highest Railway Rehabilitated/ Rebuild to enhance safety of train operation.
Arch Bridge

40 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

Bridge inspection and management System
Maintaining the safety in the train operation is concerned, there is a
well-established system of inspection of Railway Bridges in Indian Railways.
All the Railway Bridges are inspected twice a year, once before the onset
of monsoon and after the monsoon by the designated official. Repair /
Strengthening/ Rehabilitation/Rebuilding of bridges is a continuous process
and is undertaken whenever so warranted by their condition as ascertained
during these inspections.
Mumbai-Ahmedabad High Speed Project
Land Management
As on 31.03.2023, Indian Railways (IR) owns about 4.88 lakh
hectares of land, About 90% of this land is under Railways' operational
and allied usages such as laying of new lines, doubling, gauge conversions,
track, stations, workshops, staff colonies, etc. The break-up of the land is
as under:
S. Description Area
No. (in Lakh hectares)
1 Track and structures including Stations, colonies, etc. 3.62
2 Afforestation 0.43
3 ‘Grow More Food’ scheme 0.019
4 Commercial licensing 0.04
5 Other uses like pisciculture 0.13
6 Encroachment 0.008
7 Vacant land 0.63
Total 4.88
Creation of various infrastructure facilities for development of future rail
network largely depends on the availability of land. Therefore, preservation
and meaningful interim use of railway land is the main objective of IR's
land-use policy.
During 2022-23, Railway did mass plantation of 81.43 lakh trees.
Railways have already finalized a model agreement with Ministry of
Environment & Forests to be entered by Zonal Railways with State Forest
Departments. Moreover, now instructions have been issued to all Zonal
Railways to make provision of 1% in all estimates to environment related
matter. This will help in meeting the cost of plantation. As such, Railways are
making all efforts to plant more and more trees.
Besides, railway land is also licensed to railway employees belonging
to Group ‘C’ and ‘D’ category under Grow More Food scheme, for growing
vegetables, crops etc.
The extant policies for leasing, licensing and Right of Way (ROW)
of railway land have been simplified to enable integrated development
of infrastructure aligned with PM Gati Shakti framework and to attract
more cargo traffic to railways. Accordingly, a master circular on “Policy for
Management of Railway land” has been issued on 04.10.2022, which also
include provisions for leasing of railway land for activities connected with
A Level Crossing Gate in Tiruturaipundi-
railway working, public infrastructure, Government Departments, Hospitals, Agastiyampalli section

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 41

 Kendriya Vidyalaya, projects related to renewable source of energy, water
treatment/recycling, sewage treatment plants etc. for exclusive use of the
railways, by transparent methods of competitive bidding.
Licensing of railway land is permitted for purposes directly connected
with railway working, Plots of railway land at stations, goods sheds and
sidings are licensed to other parties for stacking/storing of goods either
received or to be dispatched by rail. Railway land is also leased to Kendriya
Vidyalaya Sangathan to open Kendriya Vidyalayas. A part of this land
is also leased to Central/State Governments/ Public Sector Undertakings
on long term basis for public utility purpose like ROB/RUB, construction/
widening of roads, etc.
Railways have also taken up commercial use of such land which
may not be required by the Railways for its immediate future use. Through
an amendment to Railways Act, 1989 Rail Land Development Authority
(RLDA), under the Ministry of Railways was constituted on 1st November,
2006 to undertake all tasks related to commercial development on railway
land/air-space under the control of Ministry of Railways. 126 sites measuring
997.83 hectares (approx.) were entrusted to RLDA for commercial
development upto 31.03.2023. Necessary action for development of these
sites is under process by RLDA.
Besides commercial development of vacant Railway land, RLDA has
also been assigned the task of development of Multi Functional Complexes
(MFCs). As of March 31st, 2023, a total of 123 sites have been entrusted to
the RLDA, out of which 15 have already been successfully commissioned
and completed. Additionally, IRCON is currently managing 24 MFCs.

A view of doubled section in Ettumanur-Chingavanam section, SR

42 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 1,400

0
2020-21 2021-22 2022-23

Railway Electrification GAUGE CONVERSIONS ANNUAL RAILWAY ELECTRIFICATION

(ROUTE KILOMETRES)

(Kms.) (Kms.) 6,565

Indian Railways’ Mission 100% Electrification
800 policy is seen as pivotal 7,200 6,015
6,366

635.91
for the country’s entire energy sector. The government initially stepped up
the rate of railway electrification in order to reduce
600 crude oil imports and save
469.93
5,400

foreign exchange payments. However, there has been growing recognition

that it will deliver significant environmental benefits.
400
In performance
242.20 terms, 3,600

electric traction provides users with a better quality of service. The higher
200 1,800
power of electric locomotives increases the average speeds and loadings
for both freight and passenger trains, which 0 in turn offers a tremendous 0
opportunity to modernize railways and support 2020-21 economic2021-22
development.
2022-23 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23

Electrification will meet the aspirations of its citizens to provide clean

transport, by reduce carbon footprint & provide the country with an
environmentally friendly, green and clean mode of transport.
For a long time, the railway was largely fueled by coal and diesel, but
electrification has been growing steadily since independence in 1947, but
the past seven years have seen some remarkable transformation. Since then
the focus has been on delivery, with the rate of commissioning ramped up
to complete network one by one.
By March, 2023, electrification on Indian Railways has been extended
to 57,067 RKMs excluding Konkan Railway. This constitutes 88% of the
total BG Railway Network.

II. Progress of Railway Electrification

(a) The progress of Electrification since independence is tabulated below:
Year Cumulative Electrified (RKM)
1951 388
1961 748
1971 3,706
1981 5,345
1991 9,968
2001 14,856
2011 19,607
2020 39,866*
2021 45,772*
2022 51,804*
2023 58,074
*revised

(b) During year 2022-23, record 6,565 RKM has been electrified.

III. Sections Electrified in (2022-23)

S.No. Section Railway State RKM
1. Jasai-JNPT CR Maharashtra 9
2. Pangari-Latur CR Maharashtra 130 Electrification of Rail Lines, SCR

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 43

 S.No. Section Railway State RKM
3. Kharkopar-Uran CR Maharashtra 29
4. Hansdiha-Godda ER Jharkhand 32
5. Mohanpur-Harlatanr ER Jharkhand 16
6. Banmankhi-Purnea-Bihariganj ECR Bihar 60
7. Shanki-Barkakana ECR Jharkhand 31
8. Narkatiaganj-Amolwa ECR Bihar 13
Wiring train, CORE
9. Sakri-Tamuria ECR Bihar 29
10. Hasanpur-Bithan ECR Bihar 15
11. Bichhupali-Jhartarbha ECoR Odisha 12
12. Angul-Balaram ECoR Odisha 15
13. Sukinda-Talcher ECoR Odisha 92
14. Banihal-Badgam NR J&K 88
15. Abohar-Bhatinda-Kot Kapura NR Punjab 115
16. Jalandhar -Lohian Khas NR Punjab 49
17. Ludhiana-Jagraon NR Punjab 38
18. Verka-Dera Baba Nanak NR Punjab 45
19. Atari-Chheharta NR Punjab 18
20. Taran Taran-Khemkaran NR Punjab 54
21. Phagwara Jn. - Nawanshahar NR Punjab 35
22. Jagraon-Moga-Firozpur NR Punjab 83
23. Ishanagar-Udaipura NCR Madhya 75
Pradesh
24. Bankey Ganj-Mailani-Kurraiya NER Uttar Pradesh 29
25. Shohrat garh-Pachperwa-Subhagpur NER Uttar Pradesh 118
26. Kashipur-Lalkuao-Kathgodam NER Uttarakhand 79
27. Moradabad-Ramnagar NER Uttar Pradesh 72
& Uttarakhand
28. Hathua-Panch Deori NER Bihar 32
29. Indara-Dohrighat NER Uttar Pradesh 33
30. Mirza-Azara NFR Assam 11
31. Jagi Road-Senchoa- NFR West Bengal & 165
Mairabari&Senchoa-Silghat Town Assam
32. Aluabari-Siliguri-Sivok-New Mal- NFR West Bengal & 179
Dalgaon Bihar
33. Purnea-Jogbani NFR Bihar 79
34. Dudhnoi-Mendipathar NFR Meghalaya & 20
Assam
35. Chaparmukh-Lumding NFR Assam 91
36. Barsoi-Radhikapur NFR West Bengal & 54
Bihar
37. Eklakhi-Balurghat NFR West Bengal 87
100% Electrification and Other Green 38. Luni-Barmer NWR Rajasthan 180
Initiatives, CR

44 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

S.No. Section Railway State RKM
39. Mavli-Bari Sadri NWR Rajasthan 82
40. Udaipur-Kharwa Chanda NWR Rajasthan 25
41. Biradhwal-Lalgarh NWR Rajasthan 154
42. Sikar-Churu NWR Rajasthan 88
43. Banisar-Bikaner-Merta-Parbatsar NWR Rajasthan 344
44. Hanumangarh-Sriganganagar NWR Rajasthan 67
Jaipur Bhagat ki Kothi TSS, Jaipur Project
45. Degana-Ratangarh NWR Rajasthan 87
46. Bhikamkor- Jodhpur NWR Rajasthan 81
47. Nagappattinam - Velanganni SR Tamil Nadu 10
48. Palani-Dindigul SR Tamil Nadu 56
49. Karaikudi-Manamadurai SR Tamil Nadu 61
50. Virudunagar-Tenkasi SR Tamil Nadu 122
51. Bhagavathipuram-Sengottai-Tenkasi- SR Tamil Nadu 147
Tirunelveli -Tiruchendur
52. Edamann-Punalur SR Kerala 8
53. Washim-Hingoli-Purna SCR Maharashtra 125
54. Kalikiri-Tummanamgunta SCR Andhra 50
Pradesh
55. Bavannapalem-Sattupalli SCR Telangana 14
56. Khanapur-Latur Road-Parli Vaijnath- SCR Karnataka & 225
Parbhani Maharashtra
57. Aravalli-Nidadavolu SCR Andhra 33
Pradesh
58. Gadwal-Mahbubnagar SCR Telangana 73
59. New Piduguralla-Savalyapuram SCR Andhra 46
Pradesh
60. Kosai-Mudkhed SCR Telangana 138
61. Rotegaon- Aurangabad SCR Maharashtra 60
62. Bethampudi Chord line SCR Telangana 3
63. Nizamabad-Manoharabad SCR Telangana 117
64. Jankampet-Basar SCR Telangana 23
65. Kurnool - Gadwal SCR Telangana 54
66. Aurangabad-Badnapur SCR Maharashtra 56
67. Palari-Chourai SECR Madhya 69
Pradesh
68. Mandir Hasaud-Naya Raipur- Kendri SECR Chhattisgarh 15
69. Gharghoda-Bhalumuda SECR Chhattisgarh 14
70. Nittur-Birur-Hosdurga SWR Karnataka 151
71. Kulem-Madgaon&Tinaighat-Castle SWR Goa 44
Rock
72. Chikjajur-Hubballi SWR Karnataka 191
73. Mysuru-Chamarajanagar SWR Karnataka 61
Kalikiri Thummanamgutta, CORE

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 45

 S.No. Section Railway State RKM
74. Chikballapur-Bangarapet SWR Karnataka 103
75. Chikbanavar-Solur-Kunigal SWR Karnataka 60
76. Birur-Kumsi SWR Karnataka 88
77. Hosapete-Vyasa Colony SWR Karnataka 19
78. Hassan-Arsikere SWR Karnataka 45
79. Kadur - Sakharayapatna SWR Karnataka 17
80. Holealur- Navanagar SWR Karnataka
41
NMR train negotiating a curve
81. Londa-Belagavi SWR Karnataka 52
82. Mahesana-Dangarwa WR Gujarat 29
83. Sihor-Bhavnagar conc. Jetty WR Gujarat 31
84. Muli Rd-Vagadiya- Wankaner- WR Gujarat 158
Dahinsara-Navlakhi&Dahinsara-
Maliya Miyana
85. Varahi-Lakhpat WR Gujarat 42
86. Nadiad - Modasa WR Gujarat 106
87. Rajkot-Jetalsar-Lushala WR Gujarat 127
88. Rajula-Mahuva WR Gujarat 31
89. Samakhiyali-Adipur- New Bhuj WR Gujarat 114
90. Amarsar- Bileshwar WR Gujarat 27
91. Wansjaliya-Porbandar WR Gujarat 32
92. Surbari-Samakhiyali WR Gujarat 24
93. Miyagam-Dabhoi WR Gujarat 32
94. Chota Udepur -Alirajpur WR Madhya 49
Pradesh
95. Katosan Road-Bechraji WR Gujarat 29
96. Dhasa-Lunidhar WR Gujarat 47
97. Chuli-Halvad WR Gujarat 17
98. Junakhera-Aklera WCR Rajasthan 27
99. Joka-Taratala Kolkata West Bengal 7
metro
100. Kavi Subhash-Hemanta Kolkata West Bengal 5
metro
Total 6,565

IV Important Railway Electrification Projects Completed

during 2022-23:
SN Project RLY State (s) Route Km
1. Jasai - Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust CR Maharashtra 9
2. Koderma - Hazaribagh - Barkakana ECR Jharkhand 203
- Ranchi
3. Dauramadhepura-Purnia ECR Bihar 77
4. Taran Taran - Patti – Khem Karan NR Punjab 54

46 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

SN Project RLY State (s) Route Km
5. Verka Jn. - Dera Baba Nanak NR Punjab 45
6. Mahoba-Udaipura NCR Madhya Pradesh 196
7. Gorakhpur-Anand Nagar-Gonda & NER Uttar Pradesh 262
Anand Nagar-Nautanwa
8. Moradabad-Kashipur-Ram Nagar, NER Uttar Pradesh, 309
Rampur-Lalkua-Kathgodam incl. Uttarakhand
Lalkua-Kashipur and Bareilly-
Lalkua
9. Katihar-Jogbani NFR Bihar 109
10. Chaparmukh-Silghat Town incl. NFR Assam 130
Senchoa Jn-Mairabari
11. Aluabari-Siliguri via Baghdogra NFR Bihar & West 76
Bengal
12. Sadulpur-Ratangarh-Bikaner NWR Rajasthan 286
Lalgarh incl. Ratangarh Sardar
shahar
13. Mavli – Bari Sadri NWR Rajasthan 82
14. Ringas-Sikar-Churu NWR Rajasthan 140
15. Virudunagar - Tenkasi Jn SR Tamil Nadu 122
16. Tiruchchirappalli-Manamadurai- SR Tamil Nadu 217
Virudunagar
17. Dindigul-Palakkad SR Tamil Nadu & 179
Kerala
18. Tiruchchirappalli-Nagappattinam- SR Tamil Nadu 153
Karaikal Port
19. Pimpalkutti-Mudkhed & Parbhani SCR Maharashtra & 246
-Parli Vaijnath Telangana
20. Purna-Akola SCR Maharashtra 209
21. Parli Vaijnath – Vikarabad SCR Telangana & 269
Karnataka
22. Dharmavaram-Pakala SCR Andhra Pradesh 228
23. Chhindwara-Nainpur-Mandla Fort SECR Madhya Pradesh 183
24. Chikbanavar-Hubballi SWR Karnataka 456
25. Bangarapet-Yelahanka SWR Karnataka 149
26. Mysuru-Chamaraja nagar SWR Karnataka 61
27. Adipur- New Bhuj WR Gujarat 49
28. Kanalus-Wansjaliya-Porbandar WR Gujarat 103
29. Nadiad- Modasa WR Gujarat 105

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 47

 Signal and Telecom
Signalling
To enhance safety in train operations and make it efficient, Modern
Signalling Systems comprising of Panel Interlocking/Route Relay interlocking/
Electronic Interlocking (PI/RRI/EI) with Multi Aspect Colour Light Signals
Electronic Interlocking at NFR station
(MACLS) are being progressively provided. So for 6,396 stations (covering
about 98.31% of interlocked Broad Gauge stations) on Indian Railways
have been provided with such systems, replacing the obsolete Multi Cabin
Mechanical Signaling System, thus optimizing operational cost involved in
its operation as well as enhancing safety by reducing human intervention.
Indian Railways have in principle taken decision in 2016 to provide
Electronic Interlocking in future at all installations. Out of 6,396 interlocked
stations, 3,045 stations have been provided with Electronic Interlocking
System as on 31.03.2023.
The new Electronic Interlocking System at Bandel Junction of
Eastern Railway having provision of 1,002 routes is Asia’s largest Electronic
Interlocking System commissioned on 30.05.2022.
Complete Track Circuiting:- To ensure track occupation
verification, Track Circuiting has been completed at about 34,984 locations
up to 31.03.2023 covering A, B, C, D Special and E Special route. Total
6,375 stations (98%) have been provided with complete track circuiting
over Indian Railways.
Block Proving by Axle Counter (BPAC):- To enhance safety and
improved mobility automatic verification of complete arrival of train at a
station, Block Proving by Axle Counter (BPAC) is being provided at stations
having centralized operation of points and signals. As on 31.03.2023,
Block Proving by Axle Counters (BPAC) has been provided on 6,364 block
sections.
Intermediate Block Signalling:- Provision of Intermediate Block
Signalling (IBS) has proved very useful in enhancing line capacity without
extra recurring revenue expenditure in form of operating manpower and
amenities required while developing and operating a block station. As on
31.03.2023, Intermediate Block Signalling has been provided in 727 block
sections on Indian Railways.
Automatic Block Signaling:- For augmenting Line Capacity and
reducing headway on existing High Density Routes on Indian Railways,
Signaling provides a low cost solution by provision of Automatic Block
Signaling. As on 31.03.2023, Automatic Block Signaling has been provided
on 3,908 Route Km.
Automatic Train Protection System:- Kavach is indigenously
developed Automatic Train Protection (ATP) system. Kavach aids the loco
pilot in train running within specified speed limits by automatic application
of brakes in case Loco Pilot fails to do so and also help the train safely run
during inclement weather. Kavach is a highly technology intensive system,
Higher ever electronic interlocking (EI)
which requires safety certification of highest order. Subsequently Kavach

48 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

was adopted as a National ATP system in July 2020. As on 31.03.2023,
Kavach has been deployed on 1,465 Route km and 111 locomotives
(including Electric Multiple Unit rakes) on South Central Railway.
Kavach tenders have been awarded for Delhi-Mumbai & Delhi-
Howrah corridors (approximately 3,000 Route km) and work is in progress
on these routes of Eastern, East Central, North Central, Northern, West
Central and Western Railway zones. Indian Railways is preparing Detailed
Project Report (DPR) and detailed estimate for another 6000 RKm. Further,
KAVACH works have been sanctioned covering High Density Network Introducing KAVACH, SCR

(HDN) and other than HDN routes of Indian Railways.

Centralized Traffic Control (CTC):- It is a computer based system
which facilitates control and management of multiple Signalling installations
covering a number of stations from a single location. It also provides a real
time simulation of railway traffic centrally helping in real time traffic planning
for punctual train operations. Controllers can manage train movements
directly from CTC centre on real time basis.
Centralized Traffic Control (CTC) covering 264.16 Route km of
Double line section with 31 stations on Aligarh - Kanpur Route has been
operationalized.
Further, works of CTCs on about 14,660 Route Km including all entire
HDN Routes have been approved.
Train Management System:- TMS provides real-time status of train
positions, all train movements and a complete view of the section covered
on a giant screen provided in the divisional control centre. Punctuality
reports, rake and crew links, train graphs, and unusual occurrence reports
are generated in the control office.
The overall display panel, known as the ‘Mimic Indication Panel’, is
designed to present detailed status of the system at a glance. It is expected
that with commissioning of TMS/CTC projects, our controllers shall be able
to efficiently manage train operations. Besides providing real time train
running information in the control offices, passengers shall also be provided
with accurate arrival/departure information at stations through automatic
working of the Passenger information System at Stations. This system has
been provided on Suburban sections of Mumbai on Western & Central
Railways and Howrah of Eastern Railway. Similar System is being provided
at Khurda Road in East Coast Railway and Sealdah division in Eastern
Railway.
Interlocking of Level Crossing Gates:- Indian Railways have
provided interlocking with Signals at 11,079 Level Crossing Gates as on
31.03.2023 to enhance the safety at Level Crossings. The numbers of
interlocked level crossing gates have gone down due to closure of level
crossing gates.
Sliding Boom at LC Gate:- Provision of Interlocked Sliding Boom
has become very effective in minimizing disruption to train services when
Level Crossing Gates get damaged by road vehicles especially in suburban
areas. With provision of Sliding Boom Interlocking, Signalling System
continues to function normally with minimum effect on train operation. Best Auto Signaling commissioned by
SECR

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 49

 7,031 Nos. of busy interlocked gates have been provided with Sliding
Booms as on 31.03.2023 in addition to lifting barriers and further busy
gates are also being progressively covered.

Growth of deployment of Signaling on Indian Railways:-

As on 31.03.2023
Item Mar’19 Mar’20 Mar’21 Mar’22 Mar’23

Digital Interlocking, NER Panel Interlocking 4,052 383 3,747 3,438 3,134
(Stations)
Route Relay Interlocking 228 228 247 226 217
(Stations)
Electronic Interlocking 1,606 1,927 2,206 2,572 3,045
(Stations)
PI/RRI/EI (Stations) 5,886 6,018 6,200 6,236 6,396
Block Proving by Axle 5,363 5,663 5,805 6,003 6,364
Counter (Block sections)
Automatic Signaling 3,039 3,309 3,447 3,549 3,908
(Route Kms)
Intermediate Block 574 602 628 666 727
Signaling (Block sections)
Interlocked level Crossing 11,375 11,639 11,710 10,854 11,079
Gates (Nos.)

Self-Sufficiency:
Signaling Workshop:- Railway Signaling installations use a
number of specialized equipment for smooth & safe running of trains. With
upgradation of technology and shift towards electrical/electronic system
of Signaling, the demand for these equipments has gone up. To attain
self-sufficiency in meeting this increased demand, IR’s Signal Workshops
at Podanur on Southern Railway, Mettuguda on South Central Railway,
Gorakhpur on North Eastern Railway, Howrah on Eastern Railway,
Byculla on Central Railway, Sabarmati on Western Railway, Kharagpur
on South Eastern Railway and Ghaziabad on Northern Railway have
been manufacturing items like Electric Point Machines, Tokenless Block
Instrument, Double Line Block Instruments, Axle Counters, various types
of Relays, etc. Year wise out-turn achieved by these S&T workshops are as
under:
Year wise Out-Turn of Signal and Telecommunication Workshop:-
Year Out Turn in Lakhs

2018-19 29,669.70
2019-20 32,385.90
2020-21 25,041.89
2021-22 31,300.00
2022-23 34,033.42

50 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

Telecommunication Before
Telecommunication plays an important role in train control, operation
and safety on IR. Indian Railways has set up a state of the art, nationwide
telecom network for meeting its communication needs. RailTel, a Railways
Central Public Sector Enterprise is successfully exploiting surplus capacity of
IR Telecom network commercially.
As on March 2023, Indian Railways has about 64,141 Route Kilometers
of Optical Fibre Cable (OFC) that is carrying Gigabits of traffic. Railways
Control Communication which is quintessential for train operation is also
being transferred to OFC system. This OFC network is also contributing After
significantly in building National Knowledge Network through RailTel.
RailTel also provides RailWire Broadband services.
In line with “Digital India” initiative of Government of India, Railways
have provided Wi-Fi Internet facility at 6,108 stations. Indian Railways is
also using 1.34 lakh VHF sets to ensure safety and enhance reliability in
train operations.
To enhance the security of passengers & premises and to work as
a strong deterrent to crime in station premises particularly those against
Removal of Diamond Crossing at Adra,
women and children. Railway has planned to provide Video Surveillance SER
System at all stations (All category except halt stations) of Indian Railways.
Video Surveillance (CCTV) System has been provided at 866 stations till
31.03.2023. In addition, CCTV also provided at Railway Offices & at all
Divisional & Zonal Hospitals over Indian Railways.
Indian Railways have also rolled out Global System of Mobile
Communication – Railways (GSM-R) based Mobile Train Radio
Communication (MTRC). MTRC has already been provided on 2,756.6
Route Kms. Now Railways have decided to go for Long Term Evolution
(LTE) System based MTRC to fulfill the data and voice needs.
Railways have also established their Multi-Protocol Level Switching
(MPLS) based Next Generation Network (NGN) for voice traffic. This
Next Generation Network (NGN) has been used to interconnect more
than 100 exchanges of Railways carrying the administrative voice traffic.
Common User Group (CUG) mobile phones have also been hired to
enable communication while on move to enhance safety, reliability and
productivity. Further Railways have decided to extend the CUG facility to
all its employees.
Railways have been allocated dedicated 5 MHz Bandwidth in 700
MHz spectrum for captive Mobile Train Radio Communication Telecom
(MTRC). Telecom also plays a major role in ensuring passenger comfort.
For the convenience of passengers, Train Information Boards have been
provided at 1,208 Stations, Public Address (PA) Systems at 5,516 stations
and Coach Guidance System at 705.
As part of digital initiative of Government of India and to bridge digital
divide, Wi-Fi facility has been provided at 6,108 stations as on 31.03.2023.
Indian Railways have progressively been implementing e-office application

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 51

 for paperless working in the office besides improving transparency and
efficiency in the system. Till 31.03.2023, 236 locations including all zonal &
divisional headquarters have been connected through e-Office & approx.
1.47 Lakhs user accounts have also been created over Indian Railways.

Important Telecom assets are tabulated below:-

S. Installation Units As on As on
No. 31.03.2022 31.03.2023

1. Optical Fibre Cable Rkms 62,652 64,141

2. Quad Cable Rkms 63,844 64,956

3. Railway Telephone Subscribers Nos. 3,45,374 3,45,374

Lines

4. No. of Control Sections provided Nos. 325 325

with Dual Tone Multiple Frequency
(DTMF) control equipment

5. Mobile Train Radio communication System (Route kms.):

a. GSM ® based Rkms 2,728 2,756.6

b. TETRA based Rkms 53 75.38

6. Public Address System Nos. of STNs 5,159 5,516

7. Train Display Boards Nos. of STNs 1,190 1,208

8. Coach Guidance System Nos. of STNs 697 705

9. VHF Sets

a. 5 Watt sets (Hand held) Nos. 1,52,050 1,34,210

b. 25 Watt sets (At Stations) Nos. 8,283 8,772

10. V SAT Nos. 396 327

11. Railnet Connections Nos. 1,54,175 1,54,175

12. UTS/PRS Circuits Nos. 11,091 10,507

13. FOIS Circuits Nos. 2790 2,962

14. Exchange Circuits Nos. 1,819 1,637

15. Wi-Fi at Stations Nos. of STNs 6,100 6,108

16. CCTV at Stations Nos. of STNs 853 866

17. E-Office (No. of Locations) Nos. of 216 236

Locations

52 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

Safety
Accidents
As a result of continuous improvement in quality of assets, maintenance
practices and various technological improvements done over the years,
consequential train accidents have declined as shown by the graph below:
500
Test bench for LHB Brake components
473 system, NFR

400

300

234

200

141

107

100

48
35

22
0
2000-01 2005-06 2010-11 2015-16 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23

Consequential Train Accidents

Covid years

Compensation
A sum of `126.84* Lakh (approximately) was paid as compensation
under section 124 of Indian Railways Act, 1989 for death/injury of
passengers in train accidents to the next of kin/victims during 2022-23 as
compared to `85.88* Lakh (approximately) paid in 2021-22. The amount
of compensation paid during the year relates to the number of cases settled
and payment made during the year and not necessarily to the accidents that
occurred during the year.
(*Excluding Konkan Railway and Metro Railway, Kolkata.)
Damage to Railway Property
The cost of damage to railway property and duration of interruption
to through communication caused by consequential train accidents during
the years 2021-22 and 2022-23 were as under:
Year Rolling stock Permanent Way Interruption to Through
(In lakhs) (In lakhs) communication
(In Hrs)
2021-22 3,915.15 472.01 568.05
2022-23* 5,570.21 385.74 728.02 Honey Bee Sound System at a LC Gate,
*Provisional NFR

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 53

 Rashtriya Rail Sanraksha Kosh (RRSK)
‘RRSK, as part of Capex, was introduced in 2017-18 with a corpus
of `1 lakh crore and an annual outlay of `20,000 crore. The projects taken
up under this Fund relate to Track Renewal, Bridges, Signalling, Rolling
Stock and Training & Amenities for safety critical staff. Bulk of expenditure
from RRSK has been on Engineering & Signalling works and safety critical
Passenger Amenities items. With continuous and assured funding from
Thermal Imager Camera, NFR Gross Budgetary Support (GBS), Internal Generation and EBR, safety
works have been prioritised and adequate funding has ensured that these
works are executed as per priority. During the period, 2017-18 to 2021-22,
gross expenditure of `1.08 lakh crore was incurred on RRSK works.
NITI Aayog has appreciated Railways’ progress on safety and
implementation of RRSK and held that safety indicators have shown
improvement after implementation of RRSK. On the recommendation of
NITI Aayog, the currency of RRSK has been extended for another five
year term beyond 2021-22 with contribution of `45,000 crore from GBS.
Expenditure of `13,894.84 crore was incurred under RRSK in 2022-23 and
a provision of `12,309.12 crore has been made for 2023-24.
I. Measures To Improve Safety
• Safety Focus – In order to reduce accidents caused by human
errors, a multi-pronged approach with focus on introduction of newer
technologies, mechanization of maintenance, early detection of
flaws etc. to reduce human dependence in the first place, along with
upgrading the skills of human resources, were the prime drivers for
accident prevention.
• Periodical Safety Audits – Periodical Safety Audits of different
Divisions by multi-disciplinary teams of Zonal Railways as well as Inter-
Railway Safety Audits were conducted on regular basis. During the
year 2022-23, 94 Internal Safety Audits (INTRA) and 33 Inter-Railways
Safety Audits were carried out.
• Training facilities – Refresher training was imparted to 1,69,047
Non-Gazetted employees during the year 2022-23. (Provisional figure)
II. Measures to Avoid Collisions
To avoid Collisions, Provision of technological aid pertaining to
Signalling is briefly enumerated in the chapter ‘Signal and Telecom’
under “Signalling” section at page no. 48 of this book.
III. Measures to Reduce Derailments
To avoid derailments, the measures taken, i.e. Track Renewal,
Track upgradation welded Rails, Bridges and Bridges inspection &
management System are briefly enumerated in the chapter ‘Engineering’
at page no. 38 of this book.
Automatic Train Protection System

54 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

IV. Measures to improve Safety of Coaches
1. Indian Railways has taken the following steps to further
strengthen the safety and reliability of railway coaches:
i. Complete switchover to LHB
Ministry of Railways has decided for large scale proliferation of
LHB coaches which are technologically superior with features like
Anti climbing arrangement, Air suspension (Secondary) with failure
LHB Coach
indication system and less corrosive shell. These coaches have better
riding and aesthetics as compared to the conventional ICF coaches.
The Production units of Indian Railways are producing only LHB
coaches from April, 2018 onwards. The production of LHB coaches
has continually increased during the years and more than 34,400
LHB coaches have been turned out till 31st March, 2023. (5,133 LHB
coaches have been turned out in 2022-23).
1,060 Nos. of ICF Rakes (total 742 pair of trains) have been replaced
with LHB coaches rakes. Around 1,228 rakes are running with LHB
coaches.
The manufacturing of LHB coaches has increased from 2,209
coaches in the years 2006-2014 to 31,956 coaches in the years 2014-
2023. Further, it is planned to manufacture 4,992 LHB coaches in the
year 2023-24.
ii. CCTV cameras equipped with video analytics
Provision of CCTV cameras in train coaches has been one of the
priority items. Hon’ble MR under Para 31 of the Budget speech 2015-
16 had also announced fitment of CCTV on pilot basis and Indian
Railways has further planned for proliferation of CCTVs in its coaches.
CCTV cameras have been fitted in more than 6900 coaches so far.
iii. Smart Coaches
In view of the latest development in rolling stock technology,
its maintenance and increased level of passengers comfort, Indian
Railways has introduced around 100 Smart coaches with ultra modern
features like Smart Public Address and Passenger Information System,
Smart HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning system),
Smart security and surveillance system etc. in train service.
iv. Induction of semi-high speed Vande Bharat (Train-sets)
Integral Coach Factory/Chennai indigenously manufactured India’s
first Semi High Speed Self Propelled (Train-set) Vande Bharat trains
in 2018-19. Two Vande Bharat services were introduced between
New Delhi -Varanasi and New Delhi- Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Katra
in 2019-20. These trains had many features as per global standards,
like quick acceleration, maximum speed of 160 kmph, on board
infotainment & GPS based passenger information system, automatic
sliding doors, retractable footsteps, Zero discharge vacuum bio toilets 3-phase 6 FRA6068 Traction Motor
etc.
INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 55
 A new and improved version of Vande Bharat trains with enhanced
safety features, better ride index and passenger amenities was
manufactured and introduced in 2022-23. As on 31.03.2023, 8 trains of
the new version were running between Mumbai Central-Gandhi Nagar
Capital, New Delhi-Amb Andaura, Chennai-Mysore, Bilaspur-Nagpur,
Howrah Jn-New Jalpaiguri and Secunderabad–Vishakhapatnam,
Mumbai Central–Sainagar Shirdi and Mumbai Central-Solapur.
Further, manufacturing of 744 Vande Bharat coaches is planned in
New Foot Over Bridge at Katangi
Production Plan 2023-24.
v. Production of Vande Metro
Indian Railways have decided to introduce Vande Metro trains for
mainline as well as suburban system. These trains will have State-of-the-
art IGBT based 3-phase propulsion system, air conditioning, automatic
doors, PA/PIS, Emergency Talkback system and CCTVs etc. In Budget
2023-24, provision of 3,600 coaches of Vande Metro has been made.
vi. Introduction of NMGH / NMGHS coaches
a. There has been increase in demand of Automobile Carrying vehicles
over Indian Railways. Accordingly, to capture traffic of automobile
movement, there has been increased emphasis for manufacturing of
NMG coaches from conversion of existing ICF coaches which are being
phased out from train operation gradually.
b. While NMG coaches have speed potential of 75kmph, NMGH coaches
were introduced with higher speed potential of 110kmph which shall
create more line capacity.
c. Subsequently, NMGHS coaches with speed potential of 110kmph and
provision of side entry have been introduced.
d. ICF coaches are planned to be converted into 250 NMGH/1750
NMGHS coaches. Consequently, 250 NMGH/635 NMGHS coaches
have been converted (as on 31.03.23).
Further, work in around 1,115 NMGHS coaches (Automobile Carrying
vehicles) is in progress.
2. Measures taken to prevent fire in coaches
Indian Railways is taking the following steps to further strengthen
the safety and reliability of Railway passenger coaches during
manufacturing at Production Units:
i. Fire detection and Suppression system in Pantry cars and
Power cars
Power Cars are more prone to fire due to presence of Diesel
Alternator sets along with fuel tanks and other high voltage equipment.
Pantry Cars are also more prone to fire due to cooking being carried
out in these coaches. In this respect, Automatic Fire detection and
suppression systems are being provided in Power cars and Pantry cars.
Instructions have already been issued to Production Units in
Road Under Bridge, WR
April,2017 that all newly manufactured Power Cars and Pantry Cars

56 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 are to be provided with Fire detection and Suppression system. 1,775
Power Cars and 806 Pantry Cars Coaches have been provided with
Fire Detection and Suppression System upto 2022-23.
ii. Fire and Smoke detection system in all newly manufactured
AC coaches
With a view to improve fire safety in running trains, Automatic Fire
and Smoke Detection System are being provided in AC coaches. The
specifications for Automatic Fire and Smoke Detection System have Coolant filling machine in LTS, BLW
been upgraded integrating the air brake system in the coaches with Fire
and Smoke detection system. 10,844 AC coaches have been provided
with Fire and Smoke Detection System upto 2022-23. Instructions
have already been issued to Production Units in June,2017 that all
newly manufactured AC coaches be provided with Automatic Fire and
Smoke Detection System.
iii. Provision of Fire Extinguishers in Non AC coaches
Dry chemical powder type fire extinguishers are provided in all
Air-conditioned coaches, Second class- cum-guard and luggage van
and Pantry cars. 34,705 Non-AC coaches are being provided with Dry
chemical powder type fire extinguishers. Further, Instructions have been
issued to Production Units to provide fire extinguishers in all newly
manufactured non-AC coaches as well.
iv. Improving Fire Retardancy in Coaches
Coaches are being provided with fire retardant furnishing materials
such as Fire retardant curtains, partition paneling, roof ceiling, flooring,
seat and berths along with cushioning material and seat covers,
windows and UIC Vestibules etc. The specifications of these items are
being upgraded from time to time as part of continual improvement.
In the specification of major furnishing items, now a new parameter
related to fire retardancy (i.e. heat release rate) has been introduced as
per international norms.
v. Provision of Automatic Smoke/Fire detection with Alarm
system in EMU, MEMU and Kolkata Metro
During 2022-23, Automatic Smoke/Fire detection & Alarm system
has been provided in 37 MEMU rakes. Kolkata Metro has introduced
11 rakes equipped with Automatic Smoke/Fire detection & Alarm
system. Further instructions have been issued to production units to
provide Automatic Smoke/Fire detection with Alarm and suppression
system in newly manufactured EMU/MEMU rakes.
3. Measures taken to strengthen Safety and Reliability of
Railway Coaches
Indian Railways has taken the following steps to further strengthen
the safety and reliability of railway coaches.
i. Progressive use of Air Springs
For enhancing safety and reliability of passenger coaches, the Panipat OMRS Site, NR

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 57

 suspension systems are being redesigned with air springs at secondary
stage capable to maintain constant height at variable loads. Air springs
have been developed and are being fitted on all the newly built EMU
& DMU coaches for sub-urban trains. Air springs have now been
developed for mainline coaches as well and have been fitted on a large
scale in newly manufactured coaches. Production Units have been
advised to use Air springs in all newly manufactured LHB coaches.
ii. Provision of Automatic door closure mechanism in coaches
Provision of Automatic door closure mechanism has been planned
on coaches to prevent accidental falling of passengers from running
trains. Select variants of the main line coaches will be provided with
Automatic door closure mechanism. Automatic door closure mechanism
has also been provided in the coaches of Vande Bharat Trains, TEJAS
sleeper RAJDHANI, TEJAS Chair car and Humsafer coaches. 14 air-
conditioned EMU (Electric Multiple Unit) rake with Automatic doors
has been manufactured at Integral Coach Factory/Chennai for Mumbai,
Western Railway. Integral Coach Factory/Chennai has also turned out
coaches for Kolkata Metro with Automatic door closure mechanism.
Further, instructions have been issued to Production Units to turn out
all future Humsafar and Uday train coaches with Automatic Plug type
doors (4 nos. per coach). During 2022-23, Production units have
turned out 8 Vande Bharat rakes and 2 Air conditioned EMU rakes
with Automatic Door closing system.
iii. Provision of Double Acting doors in coaches
Double Acting door in coaches are two way swing AC compartment
doors for easy evacuation of passengers. Such doors need to be
provided in AC coaches so as to improve fire worthiness and enable
passengers to quickly evacuate from the coach in the event of fire.
iv. Provision of Aerosol based fire suppression system in electric
panel of coaches
With a view to improve fire safety in running trains, instructions
have been issued to production units & Zonal Railways in June, 2022.
So far LHB (AC-1,320, Non AC-80), ICF (AC -8), power cars LHB-
44 & pantry cars 21 & LSLRD-861 coaches have been provided with
Aerosol Fire suppression system in Electric panel of coaches.
V. Measures to Curb Accidents at Level Crossings
In addition, various measures taken by Indian Railways to prevent
accidents at level crossings are enumerated briefly under sections,
Level crossings, Road-over/Under Bridges the chapter ‘Engineering’ at
page no. 40 of this book.
In addition, following measures are taken
(a) Interlocking of Level Crossing Gates: Indian Railways have
provided interlocking with Signals at 11,079 Level Crossing Gates as
on 31.03.2023, to enhance safety at Level Crossings.

58 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

(b) Sliding Boom at LC Gate: Provision of Interlocked Sliding Boom
has become very effective in minimizing disruption to train services
when Level Crossing Gates get damaged by road vehicles especially in
suburban areas. With provision of Sliding Boom Interlocking, Signalling
System continues to function normally with minimum effect on train
operation. 7,031 Nos. of busy interlocked gates have been provided
with Sliding Booms as on 31.03.2023, in addition to lifting barriers,
and further busy gates are also being progressively covered.
VI. Other Administrative Measures
• Concept of Rolling Block has been introduced in Indian Railways
(Open Lines) General Rules vide Gazette notification dated 30.11.2023,
wherein work of maintenance/repair/replacement is planned up to 52
weeks in advance on rolling basis and executed as per plan.
• Constant Review of Safety Performance at Board’s apex
level - Safety performance is invariably reviewed as the first item on the
Agenda of Board Meeting at the apex level. All accidents are analyzed
in detail so that remedial measures can be initiated.
• Safety Review meeting with Zonal Railways - Chairman and
Board Members have been conducting Safety Review Meetings with
General Managers and Principal Heads of Departments of Zonal
Railways during their visits as well as through regular monthly video
conference.
• Intensive Footplate Night Inspections - Intensive Footplate
Inspections, including night inspections have been conducted at the
level of officers and supervisors in the field.
• Regular Safety Drives & Awareness Campaigns - Safety drives
and awareness campaigns have been launched from time to time,
covering the lessons learnt from recent train accidents so as to prevent
similar accidents in future.
• Disaster Management Plan and Standard Operating
Procedures (SOPs) - As per the provision of Disaster Management
Act, 2005, Ministry of Railways has prepared Disaster Management
Plan. All Zonal Railways and divisions have also prepared their Disaster
Management Plans. The Disaster Management Plan provides a
framework covering all aspects of disaster management. It encompasses
disaster risk reduction, mitigation, preparedness, response, recovery
and building back better. It also provides a framework with role clarity
for rapid mobilization of resources for effective disaster management by
the concerned stakeholders. In addition, detailed Standard Operating
Procedure (SOP) has been made for preventing and handling fire in
railway coaches to minimize loss of life and railway property. Also,
detailed protocol for handling train accidents has been prepared.
• Mock Drills/Exercises - For rescue and relief during disaster/major
train accidents, Indian Railways have been conducting Mock Drills with
the National Disaster Response Force (NDRF). These drills are crucial

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 59

 to ensure full preparedness and to maintain operational readiness of
the disaster response teams, institutional mechanisms and equipments.
These drills are organized to ensure readiness to deploy within the
shortest possible time. In the financial year 2022-23, Indian Railways
have conducted full scale disaster management exercise with NDRF at
51 locations in 46 divisions, covering all Zonal Railways. In addition,
Zonal Railways conduct quarterly Mock drills in each division, involving
resources of Railways like Accident Relief Trains (ARTs), Accident Relief
Medical Vans (ARMVs), Breakdown Cranes etc.
• Indian Railways Institute of Disaster Management (IRIDM),
Bengaluru in November, 2022 organized a five-day Advance Training
Programme for officers in association with the National Institute of
Disaster Management (NIDM), New Delhi. Simultaneously, hands-
on training for staff involved in Disaster management was also
organized in association with NDRF, SDRF, Dept. of Fire & Emergency
Services, Govt. of Karnataka and Civil Defence. A mega mock drill
was conducted simulating a situation with more than 100 Casualties/
Injuries utilizing about 6 condemned coaches and also fire situation
to create appreciation for synergies expected in Disaster management
among key players like Accident Relief Train (ART) Supervisors,
Safety Counsellors, ART Staff and Crane Drivers. This exercise has
helped to assess the post disaster needs assessment and to understand
coordination needs among different agencies involved in rescue and
relief exercise after an accident.

60 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

Rolling Stock
New Rolling Stock placed on line during the year 2022-23 is given in
the following table:
Type of Rolling Stock Units placed on line
Replacement account Additional account
Year B.G. M.G. N.G. B.G. M.G. N.G.
Diesel Locos 2021-22 - - 7 104 - - Bogie Shop, MCF Raebareli
2022-23 - - - 100 - -
Electric Locos 2021-22 44 - - 903 - -
2022-23 75 - - 998 - -
Wagons@ 2021-22 12,796 - - - - -
(in vehicle units) 2022-23 22,790 - - - - -
Electric Multiple Units
Motor Coaches 2021-22 - - - 8 - -
2022-23 28 - - 8 - -
Trailer Coaches 2021-22 6 - - 16 - -
2022-23 56 - - 16 - -
Main line Electric Multiple Units
Motor Coaches 2021-22 12 - - 14 - -
2022-23 51 - - 31 - -
Trailer Coaches 2021-22 36 - - 39 - -
2022-23 153 - - 93 - -
@Total wagons produced during the year (including BLC & Private wagons)
Coach for Mozambique Railways, IR
Stock condemned during the year was as under:
Type of Rolling Stock (in units)
B.G. M.G. N.G.
2021-22 2022-23 2021-22 2022-23 2021-22 2022-23
Diesel Locos 209 377 2 - 07 03
Electric Locos 44 75 - - - -
Wagons (in Vehicle Units) 2,132 4,241 19 22 - -
Electric Multiple Units
Motor Coaches 48 121 - - - -
Trailer Coaches 224 284 - - - -

Traction
The entire passenger and freight traffic, in terms of both Gross Tonne
Kilometres (GTKMs) and Train Kilometres was carried by diesel and electric
locomotives. Steam locomotives, however, continued to run on certain
steam circuits including Hill Railways as icons of IR’s glorious past.
The traction-wise fleet as on March 31, 2023, in comparison to the
previous year, is as follows:
(in units)
Locomotive As on March 31, 2022 As on March 31, 2023
Steam 39 39
Diesel 4,747 4,756
Electric 8,429 9,565
The First ‘Integral’ Coach Shell from ICF
Total 13,215 14,360

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 61

 Manufacturing of Rolling Stock
The performance of Production Units during 2022-23 was as under:
• Chittaranjan Locomotive Works (CLW), Chittaranjan
manufactured 436 nos state-of-the-art BG 3-phase HHP electric
equipped with IGBT technology based propulsion system & auxiliary
converters.
• Banaras Locomotive Works (BLW), Varanasi manufactured 346
Vistadome Coaches
locomotives including 3 diesel locomotives for Non-Railway Customers
(NRC). The sale value for NRC/Exports was `41.62 crore.
• Integral Coach Factory (ICF), Chennai manufactured 2,702
coaches including 2,261LHB coaches, 184 trainset coaches, 104 three
phase MEMU, 120 EMUs, 15 high speed Self Propelled Accident Relief
Trains (SPART) and 18 nos. Tower car / Inspection coaches.
• Rail Coach Factory (RCF), Kapurthala manufactured 1,651
coaches including 1,431 LHB coaches and 213 MEMUs coaches.
• Modern Coach Factory (MCF), Raebareli manufactured 1,461
coaches including 1,434 LHB coaches and 27 cape gauge coaches for
Mozambique Railways.
• Rail Wheel Factory (RWF), Bengaluru assembled 81,480 wheel-
sets, manufactured 1,90,976 wheels and 91,889 (units) axles. The Sale
value for Non Railway Customers (NRC) was `217.22 crore.
• Rail Wheel Plant (RWP), Bela manufactured 24,518 wheels during
2022-23.
• Patiala Locomotive Works (PLW), Patiala manufactured 198 high
Horse Power BG electric locomotives and 55 nos Tower cars.
The details of innovations and new initiatives of EMU, MEMU
and Kolkata Metro rakes during 2022-23 are as under:
3-Phase on Board MEMU rakes
During Financial Year 2022-23, 38 Main Line Electrical Multiple Unit
(MEMU) rakes equipped with indigenously developed 3 phase IGBT based
On-board propulsion system have been turned out 31 MEMU rakes from
Railways Production units (RCF-21, ICF-10) and 7 from BEML.
Other salient features are as below:
a) Stainless Steel car body.
b) Energy efficient regenerative braking.
c) Futuristic Ethernet based communication technology.
d) GPS based PAPIS system.
e) Air conditioned Driver’s cab.
f) Touch screen Driver’s Display Unit.
NG coach for Kalka-Shimla Railway, IR
g) CCTV cameras in Passenger areas of coaches.

62 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 h) Front and side view CCTV cameras on Drivers cabs.
i) Aesthetic interiors with FRP paneling.
j) Bio toilets.
3-Phase Under slung MEMU rakes
During 2022-23, ICF has turned out 3 MEMU rakes equipped with
state of the art 3 Phase IGBT based under slung propulsion system.
POH, ECR
The salient features are as under:
• Modern Train 18 bogies to accommodate fully suspended Traction
motor.
• Energy efficient Regenerative braking.
• Stainless steel coach body.
• Air conditioned driver cabs and ergonomic FRP driver desk.
• Best in class cushioned seats.
• Two toilets in passenger coaches and one toilet in Driving Motor
Coach.
• Sealed gangways between coaches permit end to end movement.
• CCTV surveillance system.
• GPS based PAPIS system.
• Capable of operating 130 KMPH with better traveling comfort for
passengers.
• Emergency Talk Back system.

Automatic Smoke and Fire detection system

During 2022-23, 7 MEMU rakes and 4 Kolkata Metro rakes equipped
with Automatic Smoke and Fire detection system have been introduced
over IR.

Air conditioned under slung EMUs

UDuring 2022-23, one Air conditioned EMU rake with 3 Phase IGBT
based under slung propulsion system has been introduced in WR with
following salient features.
• Stainless steel car body.
• Fully suspended traction motors.
• End to end vestibule.
• Automatic sliding doors.
• 50% powering.
• CCTV surveillance system with live feed in Driver’s cab.
• GPS based PA/PIS system with double sided displays. Maintenance of LHB Coach in Mechanical
Workshop, Gorakhpur, NER

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 63

 Real-time Train Information System
With a view to obtain Real time location of EMU/MEMU trains, it
has been planned to provide Real Time Train Information system in EMU/
MEMU trains. Initially, 140 devices will be provided in EMU/MEMU rakes
located in cars sheds in Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata within territory on
Northern, Eastern, Central and Western Railways respectively.
Kavach:
Production units have been advised to turn out Kavach ready EMU/
MEMU and Vande Metro. This system will help in preventing Train collision
or accidents due to human error as well as brake issues. It is planned that
Kavach will be retrofitted in EMUs/MEMUs which are likely to ply and
homed in sheds on NDLS-BCT and NDLS-HWH routes which are planned
for 160 KM PH. Thereafter, it will be proliferated in all EMU/MEMU trains.
Head-On-Generation system (HOG)
Head on Generation system is electrical power supply where
electrical power for catering hotel load of train including Train Lighting,
Air conditioning, fan and other passenger interface requirement is fed from
OHE.
• All LHB coaches have been made HOG complaint.
• All power cars have been made HOG complaint.
• Only HOG compliant LHB coaches, power cars turned out from
PUs.
750V external power supply arrangement at washing line/ pit line
During period 750V external power supply arrangement
2022-23 186
Train operation of HOG compliant trains with single power car
The scheme of single power car system has been introduced for
the trains in the route having the scope of End to End HOG compatibility
without any en-route traction change.
During period HOG compliant trains with single power car
2022-23 961

Amrit Bharat Push–Pull trains

Indian Railway has planned to run Amrit Bharat trains in push
pull mode with locomotives in front and end with the objective to increase
average speed of the train. The advantages of Push Pull operation are as
under:
a. Identical load sharing by both locos.
b. Increase in regeneration.
c. Minimization of jerk.
d. Better acceleration and deceleration
e. Better aesthetics etc.

64 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

Imports
The import content of raw material/components, in terms of percentage
of total production cost (excluding Proforma charges) for different types of
Rolling Stock manufactured in Indian Railway Production Units for the year
2022-23 is furnished below:
LOCOMOTIVES/COACHES 2021-22 2022-23
BLW WAP-7 1.26 1.48
WAG-9H 0.51 0.5
Diesel Loco (Mozambique Loco) 1.16 -
RCF LGS 0.94 3.25
LSLRD(LC) 0.90 3.09
EOG/LHB/FAC 0.72 2.49
SCZAC/EOG/LHB 0.76 -
VPHX 1.22 4.19
LWSCZ 0.93 3.22
LWSCN 0.91 -
ACCB/EOG/LHB 0.74 2.54
ACCW/EOG/LHB 0.78 2.67
LACCNX 0.74 2.56
LWACCN (GARIB RATH) 0.81 2.79
LRM500SX 0.64 -
CLW WAG-9HC 0.35 0.72
WAG-9 0.35 -
WAP-7 0.81 -
WAP-5 2.84 3.03
MCF LWFAC 1.63 1.80
LWCBAC/T 1.47 1.61
LWFAC/T 1.36 1.50
LWACCN/T 1.31 1.44
LWACCW/T(2AC) 1.31 1.44
LWACCW (2AC) 1.76 2.00
LWFCWAC 1.61 1.77
LWACCN 1.79 1.79
LWACCNE - 1.98
LWCBAC 1.64 1.75
LWSCCZ - 2.44
LWSCZAC - 1.94
LSLRD 1.83 2.39
LWSCN(G) 2.08 2.35
LWS DEEN 2.14 2.35
LWSCZ 2.14 -
LWSCN 2.05 2.25
Break Van/T - 1.24
BRAKE VAN/T (LWLRRM/T) 1.13 -
LWLRRM 1.22 -

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 65

 LOCOMOTIVES/COACHES 2021-22 2022-23
LWLRRM (PC) - 2.06
PARCEL VAN 3.56 3.91
ICF LSDD 1.05 2.75
LACCN 0.98 2.36
LACCN E - 1.85
LWACCN E 0.82 -
LACCW 1.05 2.27
LACCW LW 0.97 -
LFCWAC 1.11 2.17
LSCN 2.19 2.65
LSLRD 0.97 2.7
LPV 1.35 3.55
LSCZ 1.24 -
LSCZ AC 1.04 -
LRAAC 0.67 1.42
VISTADOME 0.62 1.23
LWCB AC 0.98 2.48
LWCB AC DQ - 1.95
LFAC 1.06 2.91
LWLRRM - 1.93

Indian Railways’ bulk requirement of wagons is met by wagon

manufacturing units both in private and public sectors as well as PSUs/
Workshop under the administrative control of Ministry of Railways.
During 2022-23, 22,790 wagons were inducted in Indian Railways
System. Out of these, 1,561 wagons (including 151 BLC wagons) were
manufactured by Railway Workshops and the remaining 21,229 wagons
(including 632 BLC wagons) were manufactured by wagon industry.
During 2023-24 (April-September, 2023), 16,481 wagons were
inducted in Indian Railways System. Out of these, 1,158 wagons
(including 329 BLC wagons) were manufactured by Railway Workshops
and the remaining 15,323 wagons (including 1,385 BLC wagons) were
manufactured by wagon industry.

Maintenance of Rolling Stock

The number of units of rolling stock given periodic overhaul (POH) in
Railway Workshops during the year are given in the following table:
Type of Rolling Stock Periodic overhaul (nos.) undertaken
(BG + MG) during the year
2021-22 2022-23
Diesel Locos 47 53
Electric Locos 373 399
Coaches 27,224 30,006
Wagons 56,135 65,142

66 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 The percentage of ineffective stock to the total stock on line for
different types of rolling stock was as follows.
Type of Rolling Stock Percentage of ineffective stock to the
total stock on line
B.G. M.G.
2021-22 2022-23 2021-22 2022-23
Steam Locos - - 18.83 26.74
Diesel Locos 9.79 10.40 9.37 54.05
Electric Locos 5.85 4.91 - -
EMU Coaches 10.4 7.31 - -
Passenger Carriages 5.68 4.96 10.48 1.92
Other Coaching Vehicles 5.55 7.38 - -
Wagons 3.13 3.11 0.95 -

Export Order
The total value of exports of rolling stock during 2022-23 was
`2,715.10 crore. The cumulative value of export of rolling stock/spares up
to the end of March, 2022 and March, 2023 was `14,283.02 crore and
`16,998.12crore respectively.
The export during 2022-23 includes Coaches, Diesel Electric
Locomotives, DEMUs, Supply of Spares and Exports Services Consultancy
to Sri Lanka and Mozambique.

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 67

 Materials Management
Materials Management Department deals with planning, organising,
communicating, directing and controlling of all the activities concerned with
the flow of materials into an organization and its further movement to various
users. Indian Railways is one of the largest organizations in the country dealing
with public procurement.
Expenditure on Purchases
Expenditure by Indian Railways on procurement of goods to meet the
requirements of operation, maintenance and production of assets (excluding
track related items and goods supplied as part of works) during 2022-23 was
`64,956.50 crore. A broad classification of procurement of such goods is given
below:-
(` in crore)
2021-22 2022-23
Stores for operation, repairs and maintenance 12,527.08 15,878.97
Stores for construction 3,345.50 5,174.69
Fuel 10,362.24 19,227.74
Stores for manufacture of Rolling Stock and 22,478.95 24,675.10
purchase of Complete units
Total 48,713.77 64,956.50
Stocking Depots
Warehouse management is an important aspect of materials management.
Indian Railways has extensive warehouse network dedicated to provide the
required material close to the point of consumption as efficiently as possible. To
meet this requirement, Zonal Railways and Production Units have 306 stocking
depots spread all over the Railway Network. These depots stock over 2.42 lakh
items consisting of raw materials, components, spares, consumables etc.
Disposal of unserviceable Items
Efficient Materials Management also involves timely and efficient
disposal of scrap generated during maintenance and production activities. Safe
disposal of industrial waste and hazardous scrap is a legal obligation which is
meticulously ensured by Indian Railways. Disposal of obsolete items is essential
to free the locked up capital in such assets. Disposal of scrap is an important
source of revenue for Railways. Total revenue generated through disposal of
scrap, during 2022-23, was `5,756.98/- crore, as against `5,316.24/- crore
during 2021-22.
Digitisation
Indian Railways has taken long strides as far as Supply Chain Digitization
is concerned. Indian Railways has built strongly on the humble start that
flagged off with implementation of e-tendering and e-auction on Indian Railway
E-Procurement System (IREPS) platform. Today this journey has evolved
into single web portal i.e. www.ireps.gov.in for all type of tenders viz. Goods
& Services, Works, Earning/Leasing and sale of scrap. Integrated Material
Management System (IMMS) which is a part of IREPS caters all the material
management activities of Railway.

68 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

Key initiatives during the year
• User Depot Module (UDM) of IREPS for digitization of all material
management activities at user end has been implemented across all user
depots and all material transactions at user end are now being carried out
through digital ledgers on UDM.
• 100% E-Bills for both stock and non-stock items for payment
to vendors against supply contracts issued through IREPS have been
implemented with effect from 1st July, 2022.
Now, all the processes of the supply chain, such as, stocking proposals,
generation of demands, Quantity Working Sheet, Purchase Proposal, NIT
creation and publication, payments of EMD, bidding, tender finalization
including technical scrutiny, issue and online delivery of LOA/Purchase Orders,
refund of EMD, Inspection Certificates, material receipt and Accountal, online
bill submission and passing, material issue upto the end user etc. has been
digitized.
Agency of Procurement
Zonal Railways and Production Units mostly procure the materials
required by them in a decentralised system, but for purchase of a few items
which are centralised for procurement at Railway Board’s level. Common use
Goods and Services available on GeM are reserved for procurement through
GeM portal. Out of `64,956.50 crore worth of stores procured in 2022-23,
66.44% was done by Zonal Railways and Production Units, 2.90% through
GeM and 30.66% by Railway Board.
Stores worth `10,814.06 crore were bought from Small Scale Sector and
Khadi and Village Industries in 2022-23.
Public Sector Undertakings contributed 25% and other industries
contributed 75% towards supplies.
Indigenous Vendor Development
Indian Railways has fully implemented Public Procurement (Preference
to Make in India) Order. The value of Indigenous stores at `64,316.98 crore
during 2022-23 constituted almost 99.02% of the total purchases by Indian
Railways. Indian Railway has to depend on imports for high technology
components for its locomotives, coaches, signal & telecom equipments etc.
which are not available in adequate quantity with required quality within the
country.
Inventories
Maintaining inventories at an optimum level is the key to successful
materials management. Turn Over Ratio for the year 2022-23 was 9% (without
fuel) and 7% (with fuel), as against 11% (without fuel) and 8% (with fuel)
during 2021-22.
Wagons and Steel Procurement
During the year 2022-23, 22,790 wagons were inducted in Indian
Railway System. Out of these, 1,561 wagons (including 151 BLC wagons)
were manufactured by Railway Workshops and the remaining 21,229
wagons (including 632 BLC wagons) were manufactured by wagon industry.
Procurement of iron and steel material during 2022-23 was 1,27,864 MT
(valued `1,031.59 crore) as against 1,22,306 MT (valued `683.7 crore) during
2021-22.

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 69

 Research and Development
RDSO under Ministry of Railways is the sole R&D organisation of Indian
Railways and functions as the technical advisor to Railway Board, Zonal
Railways and Production Units. RDSO’s major functions involve:
• Development, adoption, absorption and assimilation of new
technology for use on Indian Railways.
• Development of new and improved designs of equipment and
The newly conceptualized BFNV Wagon systems.
by RDSO
• Development and Setting standards for adoption on Indian
Railways.
• Development of specifications for materials and products for
Indian Railways.
• Inspection of critical and safety items of Rolling Stock (including
Metro Stock), Locomotives, Signalling & Telecommunication
equipment and Track components
• Technical investigations to improve safety & reliability, statutory
clearances, testing and providing consultancy services.
RDSO have collaborations with various R&D Institute such as IITs,
IISc, NID, CSIR & DRDO etc. RDSO also associated with International
Institutes/Universities like UIC, Korean Railway Research Institute, BRICS
Railway Research Network & Russian Railways etc. through Memorandum
of Understanding in emerging technology Railway Domains. RDSO attracts
worldwide attention in the area of Research & Development in Railway
equipment and systems.
Important activities during the year are given as:-
1. Integrated Track Monitoring System
Three state of the art track recording cars - Integrated Track Monitoring
System (ITMS) have been introduced on IR with the following advanced
features:
• Track parameters recording systems
• Full rail profile and wear measurement system
• Acceleration measurement at axle box and coach floor level
• System for measurement of infringement of MMD envelop with
LIDAR technology
• System for video inspection of track components with the help
of line scan camera and analysis for reporting condition of track
components
• System for Rear Window Video Recording of IR track
This enhances the maintenance practices for safe train operation.
BCPVN Wagon
To ensure safety of traffic, periodic track monitoring of Indian

70 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 Railway track is being done. Track recording of 2,21,175 Km has
been completed during this year, which is the highest ever track
recording done in IR.
• Mahoba-Khajuraho section of North Central Railway and
Sahnewal-New Morinda Section of Northern Railway is being
maintained by tweaking of track for oscillation trials of rolling stock.
• Revised limits (TL-90 etc.) for Indian railway track based upon
prevailing track parameters have been finalized after analysis of BOBSNS Wagon designed by RDSO
approx. 47,000 track km data.
2. Development of R350 HT Rail
At present, Indian Railways network primarily comprises 880 grade
90 UTS rails. In an exclusively passenger train only environment, these
rails have potential to permit speed up to 200 kmph. However, in a
mixed traffic regime, low yield strength of these rails and corresponding
ultimate tensile strength and hardness starts becoming a bottleneck on
higher axle loads. To overcome the problem of low yield strength, RDSO
along with industry partners developed R350 HT, which is capable of
carrying 25 ton axle load at 100kmph.
The features of R350 rail are as follows:
• Capable for 25/22.9 ton axle load @ 100kmph and Fit for both
Tangent and curve track
• Wear of Rail is reduced by a factor of 3 to 5
• RCF resistance increased by a factor of 2 to 5 which leads Lower
probability of fracture due to rolling contact fatigue
• Higher Fracture Toughness,
• Results in a lower probability of rail and track components fracture
• AT/FB welds of R350HT rail higher strength → less probability of
failure
• Better reliability
• Lesser life cycle cost
• Cost 12.75% high whereas the life 50% higher
• Reduced track maintenance possession time
• In line with International practice such as Sweden, Brazil, USA &
NNOTRACK, National Guidelines for European Railways etc.
3. KAVACH (Train Collision Avoidance System TCAS)
Development of Train Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) Train
Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) is meant to provide protection
by preventing trains to pass signal at Danger (Red), excessive speed
over turnouts / Speed restrictions and to avoid the situation in which
more than one trains are on the same track to cause collision, in case Developed the design of BCATIC Wagons
by RDSO

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 71

 operations are not able to control so. It also provides assistance to Loco
Pilots by means of real-time display of signal aspects in Loco Pilot’s
cab. It is based on the determination of location of Trains through
distance traversed from RFID tags installed on track and transmission
of signalling related information from Stationary Unit such as Station
Interlocking. Kavach (Train Collision Avoidance System, TCAS) is an
indigenously developed Automatic Train Protection (ATP) system to
prevent unusual incidences due to SPAD, collision between two Locos
and supervise Loco Speed. KAVACH phase- Two works are undertaken
to make this system at par with other Train protection system being used
internationally. Functional Requirement Specification for KAVACH
(The Indian Railway Automatic Train Protection System) SPN No
RDSO/SPN/196/2020 Version 4.0 issued in May, 2022 and various
trials are in progress.
4. SigDATE: Signaling Design Automation Tool for EI
Project regarding “modelling and validation of interlocking for
railway signaling systems” is being under taken by RDSO with IIT
Kharagpur. Under this project, IIT Kharagpur has developed SigDATE
(Signaling Design Automation Tool for EIs) automated tool for following
activities:
1. Generation of RCC from SIP
2. Generation of application logic circuits for EI from RCC.
SigDATE reduces the time required for preparing the RCC as compare
with manual signaling design work. SigDATE automates this entire
process to save time and expedite the commissioning of EI works. With
the help of this tool, the Route Control Chart (RCC) for commissioning
of Electronic Interlocking (EI) systems can be automatically generated
by capturing the Signal Interlocking Plan (SIP) of station yards. This tool
provides a graphical user interface for capturing the signal interlocking
plan in electronic form and uses internal data structure to store the
geometric data of the yard for further processing.
SigDATE has been rolled out on 23.08.2022 for generation of RCC
for station yards having up to 100 routes. Based on the feedbacks
received from Zonal Railways, automation tool SigDATE has been
improvised and its version 2.0 and version 3.0 have been released on
31.10.2022 and 18.07.2023 respectively.
Automation tool SigDATE can also generate application logic circuits
for EI but this part of automation tool needs further development and
improvement. Feedback on application logic circuit part has been
received from Zonal Railways and IIT Kharagpur is working on the
received feedbacks for improving the application logic part of SigDATE
5. Drone Inspection of Bridges
There are many areas in important/major bridges like bottom of
girder, sites of PSC girders, tall piers etc. where manual inspection is

72 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 generally not possible. With the help of Drone inspection even these
inaccessible areas can be efficiently covered. Detailed Guidelines for
conducting such Drone inspection for Indian Railway Bridges using
3D Bridge Information Model and Unmanned Aerial System (Drone)
have been issued in the form of BS-129 (R1) by RDSO. The details
collected can eventually be dovetailed with web enabled IT Application
Bridge Management System (BMS) enabling Indian Railways to retain
all Bridge Information and exception reports in digital format which can
be accessed by all stakeholders.
6. Development of thermal Vision Camera System
This is Autonomous detection and alarm generation system which is
capable of detection of elephant/ big wild animals at 500- 600 m using
Thermal vision camera and Artificial Intelligence during day/night on
railway track. The project has been successfully completed in Apr 2023.
One set of the system has been fitted on SGUJ based loco WDP4D
40436. Total no of 15 incidents of possible collisions with elephant/wild
animals averted so far as per record provided by NFR.
Specifications for Thermal Vision Camera has been prepared
for ATLAS (Autonomous Thermal Vision Camera based Loco Pilot
Assistance System) and uploaded on RDSO website. Railway Board
& Zonal Railways have been informed about the development of
specification for further fitment in other locos as per requirement.
7. Development of Specification of HAHW and indigenous
WILD System
Hot Axle box Hot Wheel Detector (HAHW) System is an automated
wayside detection system for detecting hot axle boxes & locked wheels
by monitoring temperature of the axle box bearings, wheel rim/discs
and brake discs. Procurement of 106 Nos. HAHW system has been
initiated by Northern Railway.
The Wheel Impact Load Detector (WILD) is a wayside detection
system, which is used to identify the wheels with potential tread defects
such as flat spots, out-of-rounds, built-up treads, Shell tread as well
as defects in suspension (springs, shock absorbers etc.) that result
in high impact loads, which cause damage to the vehicle and bogie
components and to the track structure. Specification No. RDSO-SPN-
RE-WILD-2023 of indigenous WILD system issued on 06.07.2023.
8. New Wagons Designs developed
• BOBSNS wagon
This wagon is capable to carry 25t axle load with side discharge and with
the use of these wagons 11% in rake throughput has been increased
over existing BOBSN wagon. Oscillation trials have been successfully
conducted at 100/100 kmph at 22.9t axle load. Railway Board sanction
for operation over IR at 100/75 kmph has been received. 600 wagons
are under manufacturing.

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 73

 • BLSS wagon
This 25t axle load flat wagon can carry containers in which number
of wagons increased to 48 from 45 per rake by rearranging unit
composition (04 nos. A-Car & 44 nos. B-Car). The under-frame is
spine type enabling reduction in tare weight from existing 25t container
wagons. Presently these wagons are under Testing.
• FMP (RORO) Wagon
It is a Multi-model low floor height flat wagon which has been designed
for carrying Road vehicles, containers, steel products and similar
commodities. The Floor height has been reduced to 975 mm. Five
design variants are available to allow loading of all types of road vehicles
with different lengths. Railway Board sanction has been received.
• ACT1 wagon
Taller height Auto car wagon with 4875 mm height & uniform floor
height can carry SUVs in both decks with easy loading & unloading
facility. On rake 330 nos. of small cars and 264nos of SUV’s can be
carried. Development of Prototype and Oscillation trials hav been
completed. RB Sanction has been received and five rakes are under
manufacturing.
9. Passenger Transport improvements
A non-AC version of push-pull train has been conceptualized similar
to existing LHB push-pull Rajdhani Express. 02 rakes of non-AC are
being manufactured with LHB Non-AC (LWSCN, LWS and LSLRD)
Coaches and two WAG-5 locomotives in Push- Pull mode. The salient
features of this type of formation are as follows:
¾ Passenger capacity same as existing LHB non-AC coaches
¾ Wider dust-sealed gangway with semi-permanent coupler
¾ Horizontal sliding wider windows
¾ HOG compliant slimmer Switch Board Cabinet
¾ Modern upgraded amenities like CCTV, GPS based PAPIS, LED
lights etc.
Final generic speed certificate has been issued by RDSO after
completion of all performance trials including controllability, coupler
force, COCR on 21.11.2023 for operation over IR.
• Vande Bharat Express (Ver-2.0)
Vande Bharat Express has started running in various routes of Indian
Railways after successful oscillation and performance trials.
The salient features are:
¾ Speed potential of 160 km/h
¾ All coaches are AC chair cars and provision of 180 Degree C
rotation of Executive Class Chair car.

74 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 ¾ All coaches are equipped with fully automatic plug type sliding
doors.
¾ Provision of KAVACH integrated with propulsion system to
enhance safety in operation.
¾ Provision of four electrically operated push button and emergency
talk back unit.
¾ Provision of Fire safety as per EN 45545.
¾ Dedicated control room with CCMS (Centralized coach
monitoring system) and tip up seat for technical crew, pantry crew
& housekeeping staff have been provided.
¾ Bogie has been designed as a light weight, high speed & energy
efficient bogie of 17t axle load capacity with superior riding for
long-distance main line trains.
¾ Others amenities are LED light fittings (diffused lighting), Flushed
LED destination board, GPS based passenger information
system, CCTV monitoring system, onboard information system,
speaker in driver cab, door indication lamp, Wi Fi Router, Disaster
management light in all coaches.
• AC EMU with M/s MEDHA Electrics
RDSO has provided necessary technical assistance to M/s Medha
Electrics in design and development of Air Conditioned EMU coaches
fitted with 3-phase on board propulsion system of 12 car rake with 33%
powering. The AC EMU has stainless steel body with straight side walls
& fluted roof. Statutory CCRS inspection has been completed on June-
2023 at Mumbai. Railway Board sanction has been received.
• 3-Phase underslung MEMU
The design and development work of 3-Phase underslung MEMU with
indigenous 3-phase propulsion system has also been done. This MEMU
has provision of Train-18 type bogie with air spring, EP brake with
wheel mounted brake disc system and air- conditioned driver cabs.
Railway Board sanction (for speed 110 kmph) has been received.
• LHB AC Vista-dome Dinning Car (LWCTDAC)
In view to capture the tourism market on IR Traffic system, LHB
AC Vista-dome coaches for tourist has already been developed and
running successfully on IR. In continuation to this, LHB AC Vista-
dome dining car a new variant has been conceptualized to facilitate
a separate dining arrangement with appealing aesthetic interior for
tourist passengers travelling in adjacent LHB Vista-dome tourist car in
a rake during journey.
The salient features of LHB AC Vista-dome dining car are as
under:
¾ Speed potential of 160 km/h.
¾ This coach is equipped with dining arrangement having

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 75

 cushioned seats and table for 24 tourist passengers with 04 nos.
of corner sofa
¾ Transparent larger windows on sidewall and roof have been
provided to facilitate panoramic view of scenic beauty to tourist
passengers during journey similar to Vista-dome coaches.
¾ Roof glasses glazed for opalescence through electric controls, for
making opaque has also been provided.
10. Development of Parcel Services
Development of NMGHS With Ball Transfer Unit (BTU) Floor
• Pursuant to Para 21, the Budget Announcement of FY 2022-23,
Railway Board authorized for a Proof of Concept (PoC) model of –
“Rail Post Gati Shakti – joint parcel product (JPP) Service”, on Western
Railway at Surat for OD between Surat-Varanasi.
• Under mission “Rail Post Gati Shakti - a joint parcel product service”,
Railway Board advised RDSO to develop the design of NMGHS coach
provided with additional attachment of Ball Transfer Unit (BTU) and
locking arrangement for easy handling of Cargo Boxes & India Post
Cargo arrangement.
• RDSO has standardized design/drawings for conversion of dedicated
NMGHS coaches with BTU flooring. The salient features are as under:
¾ Dedicated NMGHS coaches with BTU flooring converted from
aged ICF coaches.
¾ Operational speed 110 km/h.
¾ Provision of Ball Transfer Units on floor for easy movements of
palletized Cargo Boxes during loading / unloading.
¾ Provision of recessed D-shackle rings on floor to facilitate securing
of palletized Cargo Box by sling belts and to prevent movement of
consignments during run.
¾ Carrying capacity 18t (Maximum).
LHB Parcel Van with Rear Opening (LVPHR)
Recently, IR has felt the impetus for increasing the nos. of automobile
carrier to cater the requirements of traffic regarding transport of vehicles
on IR. In this connection, LVPHR has been conceptualized as a
common universal stock to cater the mobility requirements of parcel as
well as automobile vehicles on IR by providing the rear end for speedier
delivery of consignment. Railway Board sanction has been obtained for
introduction on IR.
The salient features of LHB Parcel van with rear opening are
as under:
¾ Upgraded version of existing LVPH with highest payload of any
coaching stock on IR.
¾ Speed potential of 130 km/h.

76 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 ¾ Wider rear end opening with wider side loading doors of as
compared to existing LVPH.
¾ Foldable fall plates for inter-coach motor vehicle movement, which
will be retracted before closing the shutter doors.
¾ Interior floor area of 23040 mm x 2580 mm for transport of motor
cars/SUVs.
11. Development of 12000 HP Electric Locomotive – WAG12B
The locomotive has been produced under Make in India programme.
The locomotive is manufactured by Madhepura Electric Locomotive
Pvt. Ltd. (MELPL) in collaboration with M/s Alstom.These WAG 12B
e-Locos are hauling a wide range of commodities across the country.
The features of this electric locomotive are as follows:
¾ This is country’s most powerful freight locomotive that can run at
120 kmph
¾ Twin Bo-Bo with 22.5 t axle load, upgradable up to 25 t
¾ Starting TE 706 kN for 22.5T and 785 kN for 25T axle load
¾ Achieves balancing speed of 75 Kmph on ruling gradient of 1:200
with 6000T load
¾ Hauls 6000T load at 60 kmph on feeder routes with ruling gradient
of 1:150
12. Hydrogen fuel cell based 1600 HP DEMU Train
RDSO has prepared technical specification for ‘Development
of Hydrogen Fuel cell based DPRS 1200 kW DEMU’. This is a new
technology and initially retro fitment of 1200 kW DEMU operating
between Sonepat-Jind section of Northern Railways with hydrogen
fuel cell based system has been considered for this project. Hydrogen is
high energy fuel (120 MJ/Kg) in comparison to diesel (43 MJ/Kg) with
low maintenance and manageable Carbon footprint. In the proposed
hybrid power system, the primary energy source is Proton Exchange
Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) and secondary energy source will be
battery bank to meet the peak and average power requirement. Type
test of 5 subsystems have been completed by RDSO and a Third Party
Safety Auditor has been appointed for safety assessment of the fuelling
infrastructure and Hydrogen based Propulsion and Onboard Storage
Systems.
13. Development of Fire Testing Facilities
Indian Railways is switching over to EN 45545 standards for fire
protection in a phased manner. EN 45545 is a comprehensive set
of standards which specifies fire protection for railways vehicles and
verification methods for these measures. Vande Bharat trains and future
rolling stocks under process for procurement are EN 45545 compliant.
For testing of furnishing material of IR coaches as per fire properties
of EN 45545 standards, RDSO has set up fire testing lab in M&C

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 77

 directorate for this objective. Following 04 fire testing machines have
been procured for this lab:
¾ ISO 5660-1 Reaction-to-fire tests - Heat release, smoke production
and mass loss rate - Part 1: Heat release rate (cone calorimeter
method)
¾ ISO 11925-2:2010 Reaction to fire tests – Ignitability of products
subjected to direct impingement of flame – Part 2: Single- flame
source test.
¾ ISO 5658-2: Reaction to fire tests - Spread of flame - Part 2: Lateral
spread on building and transport products in vertical configuration
¾ ISO 9239-1 Reaction to fire tests for floorings - Part 1: Determination
of the burning behaviour using a radiant heat source.
14. Test and Trials
RDSO has conducted record speed trials and issued speed certificates
for introduction of various types of rolling stock.
Besides speed certificate, RDSO has also conducted testing and field
trials viz. Oscillation Trials, Coupler Force, Controllability, EBD, R&P
and Jerk trials, COCR trials, Squeeze Test etc.
The details are as follows:
Test/Trial type 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23 2023-24
(Oct-23)
Oscillation Trials 21 30 45 18
Coupler Force, 08 15 27 19
Controllability, EBD,
R&P and Jerk trials
COCR trials 15 1 10 8
TM Runs 09 12 13 7
Squeeze Test 05 7 11 6
Special Trials & 02 6 5 8
study
Sub-Total 60 71 111 66
Air Brake Lab Test 01 1 11 11
Brake Dyno Test 01 0 0 0
Fatigue Test 21 13 10 4
Total Trials & Test 83 85 132 81

78 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

Managing the Environment
Railways are one of the least polluting modes of transport. Efforts
are steadily being made to make Railway operation environment-friendly.
Some of the important steps taken in this direction are enumerated in the
succeeding paras.
Green Energy Initiatives on IR Flowers in full bloom, RCF
Solar Energy
Being a significant consumer of energy, Indian Railways has
committed itself to identify cost-effective options to achieve and realize an
energy system with least environmental impacts, thereby reducing carbon
emission by adopting renewable energy on priority.
As part of this, 150.16 MW of solar plants (143.46 MW on Roof tops
+ 6.7 MW on land) have already been commissioned upto March, 2023
over IR. Total 2,033 Railway Stations and Service buildings have been
provided with Solar rooftop plants upto March, 2023.
Two pilot projects for traction supply had already been successfully
commissioned:
¾ 2 MWp Solar Plant at Diwana near Panipat in Northern Railway.
Successfully commissioned in September, 2020.
¾ 1.7 MWp Solar Plant at Bina through BHEL, feeding solar power
directly to 25 kV AC traction system. Successfully commissioned in
July, 2020.
Wind Energy Facade planned for newly constructed
Rangpo Station, NFR
¾ Indian Railways has set up 103.4 MW wind-based power plants.
¾ Wind based power plant of 10.5 MW (for non-Traction) and 10.5 MW
(for Traction) capacity in Tamil Nadu, 26 MW (for traction) capacity
in Rajasthan and 56.4 MW (for traction) capacity in Maharashtra has
been installed. In addition to this, agreement for installation of 50 MW
wind plant in developer mode has also been signed.
Improvement in Illumination Levels
¾ Indian Railways has been consistently trying to improve the illumination
levels at various stations. Various policies have been issued from time
to time to improve the illumination levels. So far, 1,562 Railway
stations have been provided with improved illumination levels (upto
March, 2023).
Energy Conservation
¾ Implementation of various energy conservation efforts is yielding
fruitful results as the energy consumption (Non Traction) during last
5 years remained almost constant despite increase in connected load
during the last 5 years.
¾ ‘Energy Conservation Week’ is being celebrated every year during
energy conservation day on 14th December to spread the awareness Solar panel at Howrah Station, ER

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 79

 of energy efficiency and conservations initiatives amongst the Railway
employees.
¾ The continuous efforts of Ministry of Railways and Zonal Railways to
embrace various energy efficient technologies and energy conservation
measures had resulted in bagging 09 National Energy Conservation
Awards (NECA) this year.
¾ An energy efficiency policy with an action plan has been issued on
Water Fountain, CLW 30.12.2022 for reducing energy use in non-traction installations.
The policy broadly centered around 05 action points i.e. Sustainable
Buildings, Cloud based data monitoring and management portal,
Energy Efficiency in equipment and appliances, Power quality
restoration, Capacity building and awareness.
¾ All Railway stations have been fitted with 100% LED luminaries. By
this, Indian Railway has become a major Railway across the world to
have 100% LED lighting at all its stations.
¾ All railway installations including offices, maintenance depots etc. are
also being provided with 100% LED luminaries and all Residential
quarters have also been provided with 100% LED lights.

Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) – APU is a self-contained unit with

a small diesel engine coupled with compressor and alternator for battery
charging. It has its own set of controls, accessories and is integrated to the
Rail Wheel Factory, Yelahanka existing control system of locomotive. In APU System, Main Engine shuts
down and small 25 HP Engine starts and charges batteries and air brake
pipes, when locomotive idles for more than 10 minutes. The diesel engine
of APU consumes only 3 liters of diesel per hour in comparison to 25 liters
by the main engine of the locomotive. Expected savings per loco fitted
with APU is `20 lakh/year on account of savings in fuel oil only. APU units
have been fitted in all the new diesel locomotives being manufactured at
Marhowra plant.

Afforestation
During 2022-23, Railway did mass plantation of 81.43 lakh trees.
Railways have already finalized a model agreement with Ministry of
Environment & Forests to be entered by Zonal Railways with State forest
Departments. Moreover, now instructions have been issued to all Zonal
Railways to make provision of 1% in all estimates to environment related
matter. This will help in meeting the cost of plantation. As such, Railways are
making all efforts to plant more and more trees.
Besides, railway land is also licensed to railway employees belonging
to Group ‘C’ and ‘D’ category under ‘Grow More Food’ scheme for growing
vegetables, crops etc.
CLW Ganapati Hut

80 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

Personnel NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES
AVERAGE ANNUAL WAGE
PER EMPLOYEE
13,56,900
Industrial Relations (THOUSAND)
1,400 1,243 1,213
(₹)
14,00,000 12,48,863
1,190
11,24,418
Industrial Relations on Indian Railways remained cordial throughout
the year 2022-23. Recognized Federation/Unions
1,050 have participated in all 10,50,000

important meetings resulting in effective and meaningful involvement of

Railway Servants in achieving the corporate objectives
700
of Indian Railways. 7,00,000

Number of personnel
350 3,50,000
Group-wise and Department-wise break-up of Railway employees
(excluding MTP/Railways) as on 31-03-2023 vis-a-vis 31-03-2022 are as
0 0
follows: 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23

Group-wise break-up As on 31-3-2022 As on 31-3-2023

Group A 10,789 10,390
Group B 7,533 7,425
Group C
(i) Workshop &Artisan 1,23,701 1,20,339
(ii) Running 1,47,548 1,49,026
(iii) Others 9,23,311 9,02,435
Group D
(i) Workshop & Artisan $ $
(ii) Others $ $
Total 12,12,882 11,89,615
$ Erstwhile Group D is merged in Group C

Department-wise break-up
Administration 14,251 14,320
Personnel 19,873 20,169
Accounts 20,144 19,453
Engineering 2,82,338 2,74,112
Signal and Telecom 62,535 60,965
Transportation 1,48,789 1,47,746
Commercial 71,533 69,667
Mechanical Engineering 2,84,595 2,75,161
Stores 16,555 15,575
Electrical 1,92,001 1,97,193
Medical 32,751 29,316
R.P.F. 67,517 65,624
Construction - -
Gati Shakti - 314
Management Development Program at
Total 12,12,882 11,89,615 Shanti Kunj, Haridwar

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 81

 Wage Bill
Wage bill including pension etc. at `1,61,418.87 crore increased by
`9,924.60 crore registering a rise of 8.54% over the previous year. The
average wage per employee was up by 8.7% from `12,48,863 per annum
to `13,56,900 per annum. The ratio of staff cost on open line (excluding
payment towards pension and gratuity) to ordinary working expenses
(excluding appropriation to DRF and Pension Fund) was 57%. The total
number of personnel as on 31st March and the average annual wage per
Rail Karmayogi - Shisht-ta Amrit Training
Programme
employee for the last two years are as follows:
2021-22 2022-23
Total number of personnel 1,213 1,190
(in thousands)
Average annual wage per employee (in `) 12,48,863 13,56,900

Representation of Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled

Tribes (STs):
Representation of scheduled caste and scheduled tribe employees
on IR (excluding MTP Railways) for the year 2022-23 as compared to the
previous year is given below:
Number of SC Employees Number of ST Employees
As on As on As on As on
31-3-2022 31-3-2023 31-3-2022 31-3-2023
Group A 1,468 (13.61) 1,448 (13.94) 780 (7.23) 772 (7.43)
Group B 1,175 (15.60) 1,225 (16.50) 497 (6.60) 517 (6.96)
Group C# 1,96,647 (16.46) 1,97,830 (16.88) 92,294 (7.73) 91,468 (7.81)
Grand Total 1,99,290 (16.43) 2,00,503 (16.85) 93,871 (7.74) 92,757 (7.80)
# Including erstwhile Group ‘D’
Note: Figures mentioned in brackets indicate the percentage of SCs/STs to total number of employees.

A fully dedicated reservation cell exists each at the level of Ministry/

Railway/Zones/ Divisions/Workshops/Production Units, for dealing with the
reservation matters and to look after the grievances of SC/ST employees
relating to their service matters.

Railway Recruitment Boards

During 2022-23, panels of 43,832 candidates have been supplied to
the Indenting Railway(s)/Production Unit(s) by 21 RRBs across India.

Productivity Linked Bonus

For the financial year 2022-23, all eligible non-gazetted employees of
the Indian Railways (excluding RPF/RPSF Personnel) have been sanctioned
Productivity Linked Bonus (PLB) for 78 days. This benefited about 11,07,346
Railway employees. Further, Group ‘C’ RPF/RPSF Personnel have been
sanctioned ad-hoc-bonus equivalent to 30 (thirty) days emoluments for
the year 2022-23. PLB and ad-hoc bonus both have been paid on ceiling
of `7,000/-p.m. Financial implication for PLB and ad-hoc bonus was
approximately `1,968.87 crore and `44.27 crore respectively.
Quiz and Essay Competition, IRITM

82 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

Human Resource Development and Manpower Planning
NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES
Training
(THOUSAND)
There are different sets of Training Centres for Gazetted and Non- 1,400 1,243 1,213 1,190
14,

Gazetted Staff. These Training Centres located all over Indian Railways
imparts various type of trainings i.e Probationary/Initial training (i.e before 1,050 10,
taking up a working post), Promotional training (i.e on promotion), Refresher
training (i.e mid-career/on introduction new developments in technology) 700 7,
and Specialized training (for Specialized courses). During 2022-23, around
4,35,514 (provisional) non-gazetted employees have been provided 350 3,
different types of training i. e. initial, promotional, refresher, specialized.
To meet the challenges posed by changes/advancement in 0
2020-21 2021-22 2022-23
technology, quality of services and safety of operations, significant initiatives
have been taken to train the human resources. These include:-
a) All safety category railway employees are given structured training at
various stages of their career. Detailed training modules as per prescribed
periodicity are available for each category at initial/promotional stages
along with refresher courses and specialized training courses laying
emphasis on more practical aspects which helps them in assimilating
technology transferred and skill upgradation. These modules are
updated keeping in view the technological changes in working practice.
Safety Category staff like loco staff also undergo simulation training.
Online training materials have also being made available to the trainees.
b) All frontline staff involved in train operations are imparted a special
one day capsule training on Threat Perception & Emergency Response.
Training module has also been formulated for running staff to include
training Course on Fire Fighting & use of fire extinguishers, in initial
and periodic refresher courses for Assistant Loco Pilots, AC Attendants
and other running staff. Safety staff are given exclusive training on First
Aid and on Disaster Management with the emphasis on Relief, Rescue
and Rehabilitation (three ‘R’s). Yoga and Meditation lessons have
been introduced in training centres with an aim to help railway men
in coping with the stresses involved with their jobs. Some of the other
Specialized Courses run by the Training Centres include Management
Development Programme for Supervisors, Safety Oriented Course
for Permanent Way supervisors, Air brake Operations Training for
Guards and Drivers, Inspection and Rehabilitation of Bridges for Junior
Engineers/Senior Section Engineers (Permanent Way)/ Bridge/Works.
c) Apart from in-house training, railway employees are also sent for
foreign trainings under transfer of technology and are also provided
inputs through leading training institutes within India.
Apprenticeship Training
Apprenticeship training is one of the most effective ways to develop
skilled manpower for industry by using training facilities available in the
Training Programme on Gati Shakti and
establishments without putting any extra burden on exchequer to set up National Logistics Plan, IRITM

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 83

 training infrastructure. Persons after undergoing apprenticeship training can
easily adapt to industrial environment at the time of regular employment.
The other advantages of apprenticeship training are as follows:
y Improved quality of training, experiential learning and enhanced
employability.
y Providing apprentices a real chance to put skills into practice and
helps them to gain confidence in working environment.
80th Hockey Men’s tournament, MCF Indian Railways have also been awarded “CERTIFICATE OF
APPRECIATION” for outstanding contribution towards engagement of
apprentices for training.

Training Modules
In view of technological upgradation and changed job requirements,
there was a need to review the existing training modules of all the
departments. Therefore, the existing training modules of all the departments
viz. Traffic, Commercial, Electrical, Civil, Mechanical, Signal & Tele and
Finance were reviewed, updated & uploaded on Railway’s website. These
Training modules have been converted into online mode and the same
have been uploaded.

Online Training
The training material for different categories of staff has also been
converted in online mode in the form of power point presentations, pdf
documents and videos of lectures etc. These training materials can now be
accessed by Railway employees even from his remotest place of posting.
Most of the trainings are now being conducted in online/blended mode.

Indian Railway Medical Service

Indian Railway Medical Service was primarily constituted to look after
the health of Railway employees. It also provides medical facilities to the
family members and dependents of the employee, retired employee & their
family members and dependents as per pass rules.
With a sanctioned strength of 2,572 Medical Officers and 37,087
paramedical staff, it is the largest industrial health services in the world. It is
running 24x7 round the year, with 129 hospitals & 586 health units having
a total of 14,000 indoor beds spread throughout the length & breadth of
country. It attends to roughly one crore beneficiaries.
Besides curative services, Indian Railway Medical Service provides:
Preventive, Promotive, Occupational & Industrial health, Public health
services also. It also plays a significant role in monitoring the quality of water
& food within Railway premises.
Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri- Jan Arogya Yojana has been
implemented the Railway Hospitals. As on date, 91 hospitals have been
opened for AB PM-JAY beneficiaries.
Thirteen of our zonal hospitals are functioning as institutions for
training for the very prestigious DNB program in most of the specialties and
some super specialties.

84 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 Other activities carried out by IRHS are providing first aid to
travelling passengers, attending Railway accidents, colony sanitation,
and implementation of Food Safety Standards Act (FSSA), various
National Health Programmes and providing post-graduation training &
study program. Our health services inspire great confidence amongst the
beneficiaries.
Covid treatment and vaccination is being done in Railway hospital,
98 PSA Oxygen generation plants have been installed and commissioned in
Railway hospital. More than 21 lakh beneficiaries have been given first dose 12th All India Archery Championship in
CLW
of Covid vaccination and more than 19 lakh their second dose.

Performance Statistics (2022-23)

Total OPD Cases attended 1,77,40,128
Total Indoor cases admitted 4,89,019
Total no. of surgeries performed 1,28,625
Percentage of man days lost due to sickness 1.72
No. of New Candidates examined for fitness 1,42,273
No. of employee examined under Periodical medical 1,19,570
Examination (PME)
No. of food samples collected/ found faulty 3,882
Water sample for residual chlorine tested/ fit 12,13,606/11,03,624
Water sample for bacteriological tested/fit 78,756/75,096
No. of sick passengers attended by Railway Doctors 67,643
No. of Children immunized 8,484
Wellness assurance camp 10,394

Staff Welfare
IR’s welfare schemes cover a wide spectrum of activities in the areas
of education, medical care, housing, sports, recreation and catering.
Staff Benefit Fund is an important channel for providing additional
facilities to Railway employees and their families in the sphere of education,
recreation, Medicare, sports, scouting and cultural activities. Dispensaries
under the indigenous systems of medicine, viz. Ayurvedic and Homeopathic,
are run with the help of this Fund.
Approximately 41.88% staffs have been provided with railway
quarters, as on 31.03.23. In total, 2,659 staff quarter were electrified during
2022-23.
Co-operative societies of various types are functioning on Indian
Railways. These Cooperative Societies are either registered with Central
Registrar of Cooperative Societies, then Ministry of Agriculture, Department
of Agriculture and Cooperation or Registrar of Cooperative Societies of the
State concerned in which they are operating. The affairs of such societies

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 85

 are governed by Multi State Cooperative Societies Act, 2002. Railway
Administration has no jurisdiction over the administrative, financial,
managerial, appointment & service matter of the employees of the society.
Railways only provide certain facilities & concessions to these Cooperative
Societies as per the provisions of chapter XXIII of IREM Vol.II. There are
53 Thrift and Credit Societies, 101 Railway men’s Consumer Cooperative
Societies, 11 Labour Cooperative Societies and 04 Railway men’s housing
Societies functioning on Indian Railways during 2022-23.
Yoga Camp, IRITM
Pension Adalats
In accordance with the directives of Department of Pension &
Pensioners’ Welfare (DoP&PW), instructions have been issued to Zonal
Railways & Production Units to conduct Pension Adalat annually on Zonal
level and quarterly at Divisional level to examine & settle grievances of
pensioners, All out efforts are being made to settle these cases on the spot.
A total number of 4,087 cases were taken up during the Pension Adalat held
in the month of December, 2022.

Railway Minister’s Welfare and Relief Fund

The Fund provides financial assistance and relief to Railway employees
and their families in the time distress. Voluntary contributions from the
employees and Railway Women’s Organizations constitute the primary
source of the Fund.

Railway Schools
Indian Railways runs and manages one (01) Degree College and sixty
nine (69) Railways Schools. These schools are being operated purely as a
Staff Welfare activity and provide quality education at subsidized cost to the
wards of Railway employees as well as non-Railway wards. In addition to
this, ninety three (93) Kendriya Vidyalaya Schools are also functional on
Railway land, to cater the needs of children residing in the vicinity of these
schools.

The notable achievements of Indian Railways sports persons

in the field of sports at International and National levels
during 2022-23
1. At International Level
 In XXII Commonwealth Games 2022 held at Birmingham (United
Kingdom) from 28th July, 2022 to 8th August, 2022, the contribution of
Railway sportspersons in the Country’s medal tally in the Commonwealth
Games 2022 has been significant. Out of total 61 medals won by India,
Railway bagged 12 medals. They have contributed 03 Gold, 04 Silver
and 05 Bronze Medals. The performance of Railway players has been
remarkable.
 Indian Railway Wrestling (Men & Women) players Shri Bajrang (NR)
and Shri Gourav Baliyan (NER) won Silver and Shri Sunil Kumar
(NWR), Ms. Sarita Mor (NWR) & Shri Satyavrat Kadiyan (NR) won

86 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 Bronze Medals in the Senior Asian Free Style, Greco Roman Style and
Women Wrestling Championship held at Ulaanbaatar (Magnolia) from
19th to 24th April, 2022.
 Indian Railway Shooting player, Shri Swapnil Kusale (CR) won Silver
Medal in the event of Men’s 50m Rifle Event in the ISSF World Cup
2022 held at Baku (Azerbaijan) from 27th May, 2022 to 7th June, 2022.
 Shri Nitin Chauhan, Judo Player (SWR) won Silver Medal in the
Medical Facilities, ER
European Open 2022 held at Madrid (Spain).
 Ms. Pranati Nayak (CLW) won Bronze Medal in the 9th Asian
Gymnastics & Artistic Championship held at Doha (Qatar) from
15th to 18th June, 2022.
 Indian Railway Cross Country (Men & Women) teams won Gold
Medal in USIC (World Railway) Cross Country (Men & Woman)
Championship held at Berlin (Germany) from 13th to 16th July, 2022.
 Indian Railway Wrestling (Men & Women) Shri Bajrang (NR) and Ms.
Vinesh Phogat (NR) won Bronze medals in the 2022 World Senior
Wrestling Championship held at Belgrade (Serbia) from 8th to 18th
September, 2022.
 Indian Railway Cricket (Women) players represented the country in the
2022 Women’s Twenty-20 Asia Cup held at Sylhet (Bangladesh) from
1st to 15th October, 2022 and won the cup.
 Indian Railway Wrestler, Shri Nitesh (WR) won Bronze in the U-23
World Wrestling Championship 2022 held at Pontevedra, Spain from
17th to 23rd October, 2023.
 Indian Railway Shooter, Shri Swapnil Kusale (CR) and Ms. Meghana
Sajjanar (SWR) Won Bronze Medal in World Championship at Cairo,
Egypt from 12th Oct to 25th Oct 2022.
 Indian Railway Senior Women Cricket team won the Senior Women
T20 trophy held at Bengaluru on 5th November, 2022. Out of 15
players of Indian Team, 06 players from Indian Railways.
 Indian Railway Shooter, Ms. Meghana Sajjanar (SWR) won Gold medal
in the 15th Asian Air Gun Shooting Championship held at Daegu,
Korea from 9th to 19th Nov. 2022.
 Indian Railway Chess player, Shri P. Shyaam Nikhil (ICF) won Gold
medal in the Commonwealth Chess Championship held at Srilanka
from 13th to 22nd November, 2022.
 Indian Railway Table Tennis (Men & Women) teams won Gold Medals
in the USIC (World Railway) Table Tennis held at Jaipur (India) from
21st to 26th November, 2022.
 Indian Railway Handball (Women) players, Ms. Nikki (SECR),
Ms. Kajal (SECR), Ms. Meenu (SECR), Ms. Deepa Devi (NR),
Ms. Simran (NR) and Ms Kirti Singh (SCR) participated in West Asian

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 87

 Handball Championship held at Jorden form 7th to 14th February,
2023 and won Gold Medal.
 Indian Railway Cross Country players Ms. Sonika (NCR), Ms. Chhavi
Yadav (SECR) and Ms. Munni Devi (SCR) participated in the Asian
Cross Country Championship held at Kathmandu, Nepal on 7th March
2023 and won the team Championship.
 Indian Railway Kho-Kho (Men) players Sh. Akshay Ganputle (WR),
Sh. Amit Patil (SECR) and Arun Gunki (SECR) participated in the 4th
Asian Kho Kho Championship held at Tamulpur (Assam) from 20th to
23rd March, 2023 and won Gold Medal.
2. At National Level
During 1st April, 2022 to 31st March, 2023, Indian Railways
teams participated in total 53 National Championships. Out of which IR
was semi-finalist in 01 Championships, 3rd Position in 04 Championships,
Runners-up in 10 Championships and Winners in 22 Championships.

3. Following Railway players have been honored with

National Sports Awards during 2022-23
S. No. Name Game Award Rly.
(i) Ms. Sarita Mor Wrestling Arjuna Award NWR
(ii) Ms. Deep Grace Ekka Hockey Arjuna Award ECoR
(iii) Shri Sujit Mann Wrestling Dronacharya Award NR
(iv) Md. Ali Qamar Boxing Dronacharya Award ER

Indian Railways Institute of Transport Management, Lucknow

88 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

Welfare, Development and
Empowerment of Women
IR is the largest civil employer in the country with 11,89,615 employees
as on 31st of March, 2023, out of which 97,676 employees are women. Due
emphasis is given on staff welfare by the Railways. Although, majority of the
Railways’ Staff Welfare Schemes and Activities benefit both male and female
employees, there are various initiatives which are women-centric, including
women employees as well as female family members of Railway employees.
Various other privileges available to women government servants are also
available to women Railway employees, which include provisions for grant
of Maternity Leave, Child Care Leave and Special Leave for promoting
family welfare. Women with disabilities are eligible for grant of Special
Allowance for Child Care.
A large number of staff welfare activities are financed through Staff
Benefit Fund maintained on each Zonal Railway, with a specific outlay for
activities pertaining to women empowerment. A separate amount has also
been earmarked in the Staff Benefit Fund towards grant of scholarships for
higher education of girl child, i.e., daughters of Railway employees.
To improve work environment for women employees, committees
have been formed at various levels to address complaints relating to sexual
harassment. A number of creches have been opened at workplaces/offices
for the children of employees, besides rest rooms for women employees.
Handicraft Centres and Mahila Samities are also being operated
under aegis of Staff Benefit Fund Scheme to teach vocational skills women
members of employees’ families, like stitching, weaving, beauty culture,
computer operations and making of stationery items required by the
Railways, with a view to augment their family income.
Another unique initiative for women empowerment is the “Women
Welfare Organisations (WWO)” on the Railways comprising of wives of
Railway officers, which is a proactive step for empowerment of women
employees and female members of employees’ families. Activities of the
WWOs include management of nursery schools, crèches, schools for
children with special needs, grant of financial assistance in deserving cases
and handicraft centres for female members of employees’ families.
In the area of welfare of women employees, various measures have
been taken by the Zonal Railways, viz. Seminars on weight loss, Anaemia/
Breast Cancer, etc., besides sanitary pad vending machine/incinerators
installed at Railway Stations and offices.

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 89

 Facilities to Divyangjan
The Right of Persons with Disabilities Act 2016, was promulgated by
Government of India to ensure equal opportunities to Divyangjan and their
full participation in nation building. The implementation of the provisions
of the Act requires a multi sectoral collaborative approach of all Ministries of
the Central/State Government including the Ministry of Railways.
New Lift for passenger comfort Reservation in trains
¾ A reservation quota of four berths in sleeper class, two berths in 3AC
& 3E (in those trains in which there is no 3A class coaches have been
attached), two seats in reserved Second Sitting (2S) & air-conditioned
Chair Car (CC) (in those trains which have more than two coaches of
those classes) and four berths in SLRD coach of Garib Rath Express
trains on full fare has been earmarked in all trains running on non-
suburban sections for Persons with Disabilities (PwDs) performing
their journey on handicapped concessional ticket. The person
accompanying the PwDs as escort is also allotted the berth out of this
quota. Instructions have also been issued to earmark four berths in
LSLRD coaches being attached in fully reserved trains like Duronto
Express trains for PwDs.
Separate Reservation Counters
Separate counters are earmarked at various Passenger Reservation
System (PRS) centers for dealing with the reservation requisitions received
from Persons with Disabilities (Divyangjan), Female Passengers, Senior
Citizens, Ex. M.Ps, MLAs, accredited journalists and freedom fighters, if
the average demand per shift is not less than 120 tickets. In case there
is no justification for earmarking of an exclusive counter for any of these
categories of persons including Persons with Disabilities (Divyangjan) or
senior citizens, one or two counters depending upon the total demand are
earmarked for dealing with the reservation requests for all these categories
of persons.
Concession in Rail fare to Persons with Disabilities
(Divyangjan) passengers
1. Orthopedically Handicapped /Paraplegic • 75% in 2nd, SL, Ist Class, 3AC,
persons who cannot travel without escort – AC Chair Car.
for any purpose. However, can book ticket • 50% in Ist AC and 2AC.
with or without escort.
2. Mentally retarded persons who cannot travel • 25% in 3AC and AC Chair Car
without escort – for any purpose. However, of Rajdhani/Shatabdi trains
can book ticket with or without escort. • 50% in MST* and QST**.
3. Persons with visual impairment with total • One escort is also eligible for
absence of sight travelling alone or with an same element of concession.
escort for any purpose.
4. Persons with hearing and speech impairment • 50% in 2nd, SL and Ist Class
totally (both afflictions together in the same • 50% in MST and QST.
person), travelling alone or with an escort – • One escort is also eligible for
for any purpose. same element of concession.
*Monthly Season Ticket **Quarterly Season Ticket

90 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

Additional Facilities
¾ Instructions already exist for provision of Wheel Chair for the use
of Persons with Disabilities (Divyangjan), old aged people, etc.
at stations. The Wheelchairs are provided by Railways on its own
cost and are given to attendants of the Persons with Disabilities
(Divyangjan), old aged people absolutely ‘free of cost’ to escort them
from and to the trains. However, whenever attendants are not willing
or available, porters (Sahayaks) can be hired on pre-fixed nominal rate
to escort the Persons with Disabilities (Divyangjan) etc. Information
in this regard are displayed at prominent places in railway station
premises. Porterage charges for carriage of Persons with Disabilities
(Divyangjan), old aged people, sick persons etc. on wheel chair varies
from station to station as fixed by Zonal Railways.
¾ Battery operated cars have been provided at some stations to help
(Divyangjan) and senior citizens.
¾ In allotment of STD/PCO booths at Railway Stations, 25% booths
have been reserved for Persons with Disabilities (Divyangjan)
(including blind) with disability of 40% and above.
¾ RPF is consistently working on providing hassle-free atmosphere
to specially abled (Divyangjan) persons in their journey through
railways. ‘Operation Sewa’ is a dedicated initiative undertaken for
this purpose, where RPF personnel assist the elderly citizens, women,
Divyangjan and sick/injured persons in their travel through trains and
provide all possible help to them in boarding and de-boarding trains,
met their emergent needs like Wheel Chairs, Stretcher, Medical Help,
providing Ambulance, Medicine etc.
¾ During the FY 2022-23, more than 52,000 Persons with Disabilities
Divyangjan were provided assistance by RPF and in this financial year
2023-24 (April-Sep, 2023), this figure stands to more than 32,000
persons.
¾ Train Passengers in need (including Divyanjgjan) can seek assistance
by making calls/complaints on Rail Madad portal directly or through
Helpline Number 139 (Integrated with Emergency Response Support
System no. 112). Their concern is addressed on an urgent basis and
necessary action/assistance is provided to them.
¾ RPF is also available on social media platform i.e. Twitter, Facebook,
Instagram, Koo etc. round the clock to receive and resolve security
related complaints and other grievances of the passengers.
¾ In order to ensure safe and secure journey of Divyangjan, RPF
takes action against persons found unauthorsedly travelling in the
compartment reserved for Divyangjan under ‘Operation Uplabdh’.
¾ During the FY 2022-23, 47,165 cases have been registered with
the arrest of 47,260 persons and 28,524 cases were registered with
arrest of 28,815 persons in FY 2023-24 (April-Sept., 2023), against
persons found travelling unauthorizedly in coaches reserved for
Divyangjan.

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 91

 Special Coach Design
Indian Railway has incorporated Persons with Disabilities
(Divyangjan), Integral Coach Factory (ICF) design SLRD {Second class
cum Luggage cum Guard Van & Person with Disabilities (Divyangjan),
Compartment} coaches. These coaches have a suitable designed
compartment & toilet adapted to the needs of the Persons with Disabilities
(Divyangjan) passengers.
In these coaches, wider entrance door, wider berths, wider
compartments, larger lavatory and lavatory doors etc. have been provided.
Inside the toilets, additional grab rails on the side walls for support and wash
basin and mirror at a lower height are also available inside the toilets.
It is endeavored to have at least one such coach in each Mail/Express
train having ICF type coaches. At present, 3,334 ICF type SLRD & 359
GSRD coaches (as on 31.03.2023) are in the fleet of Indian Railways.
Further, Coach Production Units have already started manufacturing
LHB Second Luggage, Guard & Divyang Compartment (LSLRD) type
coaches for Persons with Disabilities (Divyangjan) Passengers which are
being inducted in IR progressively. 11 such coaches manufactured in the
year 2018-19, 21 such coaches have been manufactured in the year 2019-
20 and 336 such coaches manufactured in the year 2020-21, 547 coaches
manufactured in year 2021-22 and 361 such coaches manufactured in the
year 2022-23.
At present, 1,283 LHB type LSLRD/LDLSR (as on 31.03.2023) are
manufactured over Indian Railways and further proliferation of LSLRD with
augmentation in Production Plan has been planned.
Further, All Production Units have been advised to provide at least
two doors of 920 mm width one on each side of the coach in future in all
newly designed coaches. This will ensure improved accessibility to Persons
with Disabilities (Divyangjan) passengers inside coaches.
For the assistance of the visually impaired travellers, integrated Braille
Signage, i.e. Signage superimposed with Braille scripts, are being provided
in all the newly manufactured coaches. Further, retro-fitment of the same in
existing coaches is also continuing in a phased manner.
Amenities at Railway Stations
Indian Railways is committed to make its stations and trains accessible
for Person with Disabilities (Divyangjan) as part of “Sugamya Bharat
Abhiyan” or “Accessible India Campaign” of Government of India to fulfill
the mandate as outlined under Rights for Persons with Disabilities (RPwD)
Act, 2016. Improvement/augmentation of amenities including those for
differently abled passengers (Divyangjan) at railway stations is a continuous
and ongoing process.
In this connection, it is informed that the “Guidelines on accessibility of
Indian Railway stations and facilities at stations for differently abled persons
(Divyangjan) and passengers with reduced mobility” has been circulated in

92 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

2020 for implementation over Indian Railways and notified in the Gazette
of India on 13.11.2023. The comprehensive accessibility guidelines are
composed of the following sections:
I. Information System Accessibility
a) Webpage / websites of Railway/IRCTC
b) Mobile App
c) Public Announcement Systems
d) Station Signage System Design
II. Station Accessibility
a) Accessible Parking
b) Ticket and Enquiry Counters
c) Help Booths-Assistance point for Divyangjan
d) Security Check
III. Platform Accessibility
a) Toilets
b) Drinking water booths
c) Eateries and Cafeteria
IV. Inter-Platform Transfer
a) Subway
b) Foot Over Bridges(FOB)
c) Elevators
V. Train/Coach Accessibility
a) Train Coach and Platform Interface
b) Coach Exteriors
c) Coach Interiors and Seating
d) Coach Amenities, Accessible Toilets, Divyang Friendly Coaches
e) Emergency Evacuation
VI. Monitoring & Feedback Mechanism
a) Monitoring Mechanism
b) Feedback Mechanism
Recruitment on IR
As regards direct recruitment from open market for non-gazetted posts
is concerned, Railway complies with the RPwD Act, 2016 which provides
for reservation of four percent of the total number of vacancies in cadre
strength in each group of posts i.e. C and D for persons with benchmark
disabilities (PwBD) of which, one percent each shall be reserved for PwBD
under clauses (a), (b) and (c) and one percent, for PwBD under clauses (d)
to (e), that is;
(a) Blindness and low vision (1%).
(b) Deaf and hard of hearing (1%).

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 93

 (c) Locomotor Disability (OA, OL, OAL, BL, BA) including leprosy
cured, cerebral palsy, dwarfism, acid attack victims and muscular
dystrophy (1%).
(d) Autism, Intellectual Disability, specific learning disability and mental
illness; and
(e) Multiple Disability from amongst (a) to (d) including deaf-blindness
(1%).
For open market recruitment in non-gazetted posts on Railways,
following exemptions/relaxations are also provided to PwBD candidates:
(i) Candidates belonging to PwBDs are charged `250 only as exam fee
(compared to `500 from non-exempted category) and that too is
refunded if they appear in the written exam.
(ii) When vacancies are reserved for PwBDs and full panel for PwBDs
cannot be made with the minimum qualifying percentage marks of
each category, viz, UR,SC,ST,OBC-NCL, a relaxation of upto 2 marks
in the minimum qualifying marks prescribed for the community will
be allowed.
(iii) Upper age limit relaxation of 10 years is given to PwBD candidates in
addition to community-wise age relaxation.
(iv) PwBD candidates are exempted from appearing in Physical Efficiency
Test (PET) conducted for Level-1 recruitment exam.
(v) PwBD candidates of several disability categories are also provided
assistance of Scribes for appearing in recruitment examinations.
(vi) Special attention is paid to making the examination centre divyangjan
friendly such as ramps, seating arrangement in the ground floor etc.
Visually impaired candidates are allowed to use Tailor frame, Braille
slate with paper.
Consequent upon implementation of Right of Persons with Disabilities
Act, 2016 raising the reservation from 3% to 4% and expanding the scope of
Functional Classification of disabilities for provision of reservation, Ministry
of Railways has suitably implemented the same with approval of competent
authority. Reservation for new categories of Leprosy Cured and Acid Attack
victims as identified by RPwD Act, 2016 is also being provided for Direct
Recruitments to Group ‘A’ posts.

94 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

Security
The Railway Protection Force (RPF) has been constituted under the
RPF Act, 1957 (as amended in the year 1985 and 2003) for better protection
and security of railway property, passenger area, passengers and matters
connected therewith. RPF is headed by an officer of the rank of Director
General, who functions under the Ministry of Railways.
RPF is empowered under the ‘Railway Property (Unlawful Possession) RPF/ER Provides Security to Passengers,
ER
Act, 1966’ to deal with cases of theft, dishonest misappropriation and
unlawful possession of railway property. RPF is also empowered under the
Railways Act, 1989 to deal with offences related to roof traveling, touting,
unauthorized entry into coaches earmarked for ladies, unauthorized vending,
trespassing, etc. Further ambit of powers of RPF has been enhanced by
the Central Government to exercise the powers and perform the specified
duties under sections 42 and 67 of “The Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic
Substances Act, 1985” and under section 25 of “The Cigarettes and other
Tobacco Products (Prohibition of Advertisement and Regulation of Trade
and Commerce, Production, Supply and Distribution) Act, 2003” within the
areas of their respective jurisdiction respectively.
The administrative set-up of the Railway Protection Force is in
sync with the administrative set-up of the Indian Railways. In addition, a
special formation called Railway Protection Special Force (RPSF), which
is organized on Battalion pattern, provides specialized service to assist the
RPF in zonal railways. At present, there are 15 battalions of RPSF located
in various parts of the country, including one Mahila Battalion and one
Commando battalion (CORAS).
Separate specialized intelligence units, viz. Special Intelligence Branch
(SIB) and Crime Intelligence Branch (CIB) also function at Divisional as
well as Zonal Railways for collection of special and criminal intelligence
respectively. Besides above, Stores, Dog Squad and Band are other
specialized units of the Force and located at Divisional, Battalion and Zonal
levels, as per requirements of the Force.
On 14.08.2019, Hon’ble Minister of Railways inducted the first
Commando force for railways: CORAS (Commandos for Railway Security).
Comprising RPF and RPSF personnel, the CORAS in distinctive uniform is
armed with bullet-proof jackets, helmets, sophisticated arms etc. CORAS
commandos have undergone training programmes, including basic and
advanced commando courses with specialization in handling landmines
and improvised explosive devices, hostage rescue, sniping and breaching.
The unit is being envisaged as a responder for any situation pertaining to
damage, disturbance, disruption of train operations, attack/hostage/hijack,
and disaster situations in railway areas. Though ‘Police’ and ‘Public Order’
are State subjects under the Seventh Schedule to the Constitution of India
and, therefore, State Governments are responsible for prevention, detection,
registration and investigation of crime and maintenance of law and order on
Railways through their law enforcement agencies viz. Government Railway
Police (GRP)/District Police. Railway Protection Force (RPF) supplements

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 95

 the efforts of GRP/District Police to provide better protection and security to
railway property, passenger area and passengers and for matters connected
therewith. Cases of damage, destruction of government property including
railway property are registered and investigated by the concerned GRP/State
Police under IPC & others Acts. Also, the administrative expenses incurred
on GRP are shared by Central Government and State Government.

Round the clock security related assistance to passengers by

RPF
RPF personnel at work
• Railway Helpline- Train Passengers can seek assistance by making
calls/complaints on Rail Madad Portal directly or through Helpline
Number 139 (integrated with National Emergency no. 112). Their
concern is addressed on an urgent basis and necessary action/assistance
is provided to them.
• Twitter- Complaints/suggestions, relating to Security, received through
MR Twitter handle @RailMinIndia and @RailwaySeva, are swiftly
attended and necessary follow-up action is initiated.
Details of complaints attended over Twitter and Helpline No.:
Year No. of complaints No. of complaints
attended on Twitter attended on Helpline No.
2022-23 25,089 2,22,328
Efforts made to strengthen Railway Security
In order to provide safe and secure journey to train passengers,
surveillance is kept through CCTV cameras provided at 866 stations and
in 7,264 coaches. To provide security & facilitation to Railway passengers,
various initiatives have been undertaken to boost the confidence & sense of
security among all stake holders of Indian Railways including passengers by
Team RPF. RPF is performing duties and responsibilities entrusted to them
with full dedication and commitment all over India.
a) Operation “Nanhe Faristey” (Rescue of children):- RPF
undertakes the noble cause of identifying and rescuing children in need
of care & protection who are lost/separated from their family due to
various reasons. Revised Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for the
Railways 2021 to ensure care and protection of children in contact with
Railways has detailed guidelines, Procedure to be adopted by Railway
Staff & other stake holders in cases of lost, left behind, destitute children
found in the railways.
Year No. of children’s rescued by RPF
2022-23 17,031
b) Operation ‘Yatri Suraksha’ :- RPF provides special attention towards
the security and safe travel of passengers through the railways. RPF is
also available on call (Railway helpline 139 and other social media
Operation “Nanhe Faristey” (Rescue of
forums i.e. Twitter, facebook, Instagram, koo etc.) round the clock to
children) receive and resolve security and other grievances of passengers. RPF

96 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 has arrested 5,525 criminals and handed over them to concerned GRPs
for further legal action during 2022-23.
Year No of IPC Cases No. of persons
detected arrested
2022-23 4,932 5,525
c) Operation “Amanat”:- RPF personnel helps in securing of passenger’s
belongings, which are left behind by passengers in rush to board the
train or forgotten by them in train/station. RPF has detected 32,337 Security check at platform
cases of left behind passenger’s luggages in 2022-23 where value of
recovered luggage stands at about `50 crore (approx.) and handed
over them to the right person under operation Amanat.
Year Retrieval of left Value of recovered property
behind luggage (` in crore)
2022-23 32,337 50

d) Operation “Jeevan Raksha”:- Life of 873 male and 543 female

passengers were saved due to alertness and swift action by RPF at
platforms, railway track and trains in 2022-23 under operation Jeevan
Raksha wherein passenger in hurry tried to board/de-board a moving
train and slip/fall with the risk of coming under the wheels of train or
tried to commit suicide deliberately coming in front of a running train.
Year Saving life to reduce deaths on track
Male Female
2022-23 873 543
e) Operation “Sewa”:- RPF personnel assists the elderly citizens,
women, divyangjan and sick/injured persons in their travel through
trains and services associated therewith i.e boarding & de-boarding
trains, providing emergent needs like Wheel Chairs, Stretcher, medical
help, providing ambulance, medicine and infant food etc.
Year No. of persons (Elderly/Women/Divyangjan/
Sick/Injured/Infants) assisted by RPF
2022-23 52,062
f) Operation “Matrishakti”:- RPF personnel especially ladies RPF
personnel which is currently approx. 9% of the total strength of RPF
maximum among CAPFs, go out of the way to help pregnant women,
who go into labor of child birth during their train journey or in Railway
premises. RPF has assisted 158 pregnant women in trains and 220
women in other railway premises in child birth during 2022-23 under
operation Matrishakti.
Year No. of cases attended and assistance
provided in child birth
In Train In premises
2022-23 158 220 Operation Matrishakti by RPF

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 97

 g) Operation “AAHT” (Action Against Human Trafficking):-
RPF has launched a nation wide “operation AAHT” to curb human
trafficking. Under this operation special teams are deployed on long
distance trains/routes with a focus on rescuing victims, particularly
women & children from clutches of traffickers. RPF is taking action
under operation AAHT in coordination with nominated NGOs and
other Stake holders i.e. Law Enforcements Agencies etc. RPF has
rescued 562 children and 42 adults who were being trafficked through
railway system in 2022-23.
RPF Personnel Team alert towards
passenger security Year No. of Trafficked Persons rescued No. of
Juvenile Adult traffickers
arrested
Boys Girls Male Female
2022-23 461 101 15 27 207

h) Operation “Uplabdh” :- Procurement of railway tickets for reserved

accommodation has been a very tough task for the common man as
touts were cornering confirmed railway reservations online which has
adversely affected the availability of confirmed tickets to the common
man. RPF has been undertaking intensive and continuous action
against persons involved in touting (unauthorized carrying of business
of procuring & supply of railway tickets). Similarly in an endeavor to
enhance the feeling of security to travelling passengers, action is taken
against towel spreaders preventing entry of authorized passengers and
unauthorized entry into compartment reserved to physical challenged
persons under operation Uplabdh. Regular drives are conducted by
RPF against touts over Indian Railway and action is taken against
persons found involved in as per extant legal provisions. Actions under
relevant legal provisions were taken by Team RPF in such cases.
A. Action against towel spreaders/Unauthorized entry/Resisting
entry of authorized passengers.
Year Cases registered u/s Persons Amount of fine
155 Rly. Act arrested released(`)
2022-23 28,720 28,196 64,68,025

B. Action for procuring of illegal tickets.

Year No. of No. of No. of ticket Value of ticket seized No. of
cases persons seized (` in cr.) IRCTC
registered arrested user IDs
Future Past Future Past
blocked
journey journey journey journey
2022-23 3,987 4,280 15,296 3,56,162 4.6 18.3 24,518

C. Action against persons unauthorized occupied travel space in

coaches reserved for passengers with disabilities.
Year No. of cases registered No. of persons arrested
2022-23 47,165 47,260

98 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

i) Operation “Rail Suraksha” :- RPF has been mandated for protection
& security of Railway Property. RPF prosecutes offenders involved in
theft, misappropriations of railway property under relevant provisions
of the ‘Railway Property (Unlawful Possession) Act, 1966’. RPF has
arrested 9,179 accused with recovery of stolen railway property worth
`6.3 crores during the year 2022-23.
Booked consignment + Railway Material
Year No. of cases Value of Property No. of persons
Operation Amanat
registered recovered(` in cr.) arrested
2022-23 6,283 6.3 9,179

j) Operation Satark:- Transportation of contrabands items through

trains has become a major conduit for tax evaders/law breakers. This
operation is aimed to assist other LEAs in their work under which RPF
makes/assist them in recovery of Tobacco product, liquor product,
recovery of Fake Indian Currency Note (FICN)/Unaccounted gold/
unaccounted cash/Unaccounted other precious metal/smuggled goods/
Arms & Ammunitions/ explosives and recovery of banned medicines.
Year Tobacco Product Liquor Product Recovery of FICN/
Unaccounted gold /Cash /
Other Smuggled Goods etc.
Cases Value Persons Cases Value Persons Cases Value Persons
detected (` in cr.) arrested detected (` in cr.) arrested detected (` in cr.) arrested
2022-23 260 7.4 118 2,183 2.8 1,439 176 64.5 213

k) Operation ‘Dusra’:- Railway premises at remote location and trains

are vulnerable to activity of unauthorized vending/hawking through
selling of eatables by unauthorized persons. This poses high risk of food
adulteration and poor quality of food to passengers. This operation is
launched for acting against the menace of unauthorized hawking and
vending in Railway premises and in trains.
Year No. of cases registered No. of persons arrested
2022-23 2,07,159 2,08,395

l) Operation “NARCOS” :- Narcotics do not only destroy the health

of the youth, but they also damage the economy and wellbeing of the
nation too. RPF has been empowered to conduct search, seizure, and
arrest under NDPS Act since 2019. In order to give focused attention
to drive against smuggling of Narcotics through rail, RPF has launched
operation NARCOS. RPF has detected 1,435 cases and 1,022 accused
were arrested with recovery of illicit items value `81cr. during 2022-23
under operation NARCOS.
Recovery of NDPS
Year No. of cases Value of NDPS No. of persons
detected recovered arrested
(` in crore)
2022-23 1,435 81 1,022

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 99

 m) Operation ‘WILEP’:- Smuggling of Wildlife, animal organs and
forest product is crime against nature. Team RPF has been alive to the
issue and has taken stringent action under this operation against the
smuggler involved in illegal trade of wildlife through railways under
operation WILEP.
Year No. of cases detected No. of persons arrested
Fauna Floara
2022-23 67 41 68
Special efforts made to enhance women security under operation
Mahila Suraksha are as under :
¾ Under ‘Meri Saheli’ initiative, focused attention has been provided
for Safety and Security of lady passengers travelling alone by long
distance trains for their entire journey i.e. from originating station to
destination station.
¾ Zonal Railways are instructed for deployment of proper combined
strength of male & female RPF/RPSF personnel in train escort parties,
to the extent possible
¾ Ladies Special trains running in Metropolitan cities are being escorted
by lady RPF personnel. In other trains, where escorts are provided,
the train escorting parties have been briefed to keep extra vigil on
the lady passengers travelling alone, ladies coaches en-route and at
halting stations.
¾ Frequent Drives are conducted against entry of male passengers into
the compartments reserved for ladies.
Action taken u/s 162 of the Railways Act (Entering carriage or
other place reserved for females)
Year No. of cases registered No. of persons arrested
2022-23 61,703 68,051

The role of RPF in ensuring a secure travel.

100 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

Vigilance
Vigilance Organization plays a very important role in the administration
of the Railways. It investigates complaints, conducts sample checks in
respect of managerial decisions, with a view to determine their conformity to
objectivity, transparency and concordance with extant rules and procedures.
Vigilance working has four facets: (1) Preventive Vigilance (2)
Participative Vigilance (3) Punitive Vigilance and (4) Pro-active Vigilance.

Preventive Vigilance
The aim here is to disseminate knowledge across a wide cross section
of railway officials, suggest system rationalization measures for imparting
greater transparency and predictability catalyze use of technology in decision
making and create greater awareness amongst the public on issues relating
to corruption mitigation.

Some of the steps taken in this direction were:

• In 2022-23, a total of 14,043 preventive checks were conducted
throughout the Railways.
• In 2022-23, All major Railway Units released E-magazines/Bulletins
for circulation. These bulletins contain case studies, dos & don’t etc.
related to various departments.
• Electronic media was extensively utilized by all Zonal Railways,
Production Units and Public Sector for conducting extensive public
campaigns during Vigilance Awareness Week, 2022.

Participative Vigilance
(a) 24 Hours Vigilance Helpline: 24 hour vigilance helpline (Helpline
No. 139) of the Railways. In addition to this, the e-mail addresses of
vigilance officers are posted on the website.
(b) Vigilance Awareness Week is celebrated every year during the last
week of October or first week of November to educate the general
public regarding the facilities available in the department and also ways
and means to lodge complaints. The same was observed between 31st
October and 06th November in the year 2022.
(c) Counselling: As many as 228 Workshops/webinars/ interactive
sessions were conducted on topical issues by Vigilance in 2022 in which
Officers, senior supervisors and other railway personnel representing
various levels and disciplines participated; the primary focus was to
inculcate greater awareness of rules, procedures and, most importantly,
the pitfalls that need to be steered clear of.

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 101

 Punitive Vigilance: A statement showing number of officials against
whom disciplinary action in vigilance-investigated cases was initiated/
finalized during April, 2022 to March, 2023 is given below:
Vigilance investigated cases 2022-23
Number of officials against whom disciplinary proceedings 2,892
were initiated.
Number of officials against whom disciplinary proceedings 804
resulted in imposition of major penalty.
Number of officials against whom disciplinary proceedings 2,317
resulted in imposition of minor penalty.

Proactive Vigilance
Conducting surprise checks in areas of mass contact (like reservation
offices, ticket booking counters, luggage/parcel and goods booking
offices, on-board passenger-carrying trains etc) in the accountal/
disposal of scrap, loading of freight wagons and parcel vans (primarily
with a view to detect/control incidences of overloading) etc. During the
calendar year 2022, these measures resulted in realization of revenues
to the tune of `141.58 crore.

102 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

Promoting Hindi
Accordance with the provisions of the Official Languages Act, 1963
and the Official Language Rules, 1976, promotion of usage of Hindi is
a continuing endeavour on Indian Railways. Till the end of 31st March,
2023, the total number of notified Railway Offices is 3,637. In these Railway
offices, employees proficient in Hindi have already been given directions to A view of Rajbhasha Pradarshini
transact cent-percent work in Hindi in the subjects specified under Official
Language Rules.
Besides this, Official Language officers of Railway Board office
and Zonal Railways regularly inspect the Railway Offices to monitor the
implementation of Hindi.
In the year 2022-23 a total number of 71 inspections have been
carried out by the second Sub-Committee of Parliamentary Committee on
Official Language and has appreciated the use of Hindi in these Offices
during inspections by Parliamentary Committee. In addition to this Grih-
Patrika ‘Rail Rajbhasha’ in Hindi is also published by Railway Board Office.
Till now 132 editions of the patrika have been published and circulated to all
the Railway offices. About 156 Hindi Grih-Patrika are also being published
by Zonal Railways/Divisions etc. at their level.
Training in Hindi Typewriting, Hindi Stenography and Hindi
Language
In addition to the Training Centres set up by the Ministry of Home
Affairs, arrangement are also made by Indian Railways to provide in-
service training in Hindi language, Hindi typing and Hindi stenography.
The number of employees trained at the end of 2022-23 as compared to
2021-22 as follows:-
Activity As on March As on March
31st 2022 31st 2023
Working knowledge/Proficient in Hindi 8,79,262 8,56,740
Hindi Typing 7,672 7,882
Hindi Stenography 2,597 3,005
Other activities
The existing policy of purchasing bilingual electronic equipments, like
computers etc. is being followed. During 2022-23, 71,863 bilingual personal
computers are available in various offices of Indian Railways. Websites of
the Zonal Railways including Railway Board are also available in bilingual
form. In order to promote usage of Hindi in Railway Offices, 967 Codes/
Manual and 6,653 Station-Working Rules have been published bilingually.
Besides this, 24,346 Local, Statutory and Standard Forms have been made
available in bilingual form in Zonal Railways and Production Units including
Railway Board. Presently, more than 17 Lacs books in Hindi are available in
986 Hindi libraries on Indian Railways and most of the libraries have been
named after the names of famous litterateurs of Hindi.

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 103

 Official Language Implementation Committees
To review the progress of the use of Hindi, total 979 Official Language
Implementation Committees are constituted on the Zonal Railways,
Production Units etc and meetings of these committees are being organized
regularly. Besides this, Railway Board Official Language Implementation
Committee has also been constituted at Railway Board level and its meetings
were conducted regularly.
Rajbhasha Pakhwara
Railway Hindi Salahakar Samiti
In order to propagate the usage of Hindi in Ministry of Railways and
Zonal Railways, Railway Hindi Salahakar Samiti is constituted under the
Chairmanship of Hon’ble Minister of Railways, whose main objective is to
give valuable suggestions to increase the use of Hindi. The 61st meeting of
the Railway Hindi Salahkar Samiti was conducted under the chairmanship
of the Hon’ble Minister of Railways on 05.05.2022 wherein Hon’ble
members of Hindi Salahakar Samiti also gave their valuable suggestions for
implementation and propagation of Hindi.
Incentive Schemes for the use of Hindi
Various incentive schemes have been implemented to encourage
railway personnel to work in Hindi. Prominent among them are Kamlapati
Tripathi Rajbhasha Swarna Padak Puraskar Yojna, Rail Mantri Rajbhasha
Rajat Padak Puraskar Yojna, Rail Mantri Rajbhasha Shield/Trophy and
other Running Shield Puraskar Yojna, Individual Cash Award Scheme,
Rail Mantri Hindi Nibandh Puraskar Yojna, Premchand Puraskar Yojna,
Maithilisharan Gupta Puraskar Yojna, Lal Bahadur Shastri Takniki Maulik
Lekhan Puraskar Yojna, Rail Yatra Vritant Puraskar Yojna, Zonal Railway/
All India Level Hindi Essay, Hindi Elocution and Hindi Noting & Drafting
Competition and Akhil Rail Hindi Natyotsav Competition.
All Indian Railway Hindi Essay, Hindi Elocution and Hindi Noting and
Drafting competitions were successfully organized at Zonal Railway Training
Institute, Udaipur, North Western Railway from 25th to 27th May, 2022.
On the occasion of Amrit Mahotsav, Akhil Bharatiya Rajbhasha
Sammelan was organized by the Department of Official Language, Ministry
of Home Affairs in Surat on 14th and 15th September,2022 in which
Ministry of Railways was awarded 3rd prize of 'Rajbhasha Kirti Puraskar' for
best implementation of Official Language Policy during the year 2021-22.
In order to promote Rajbhasha, ‘Hindi Pakhwara’ was organized from
14th to 29th September, 2022 in the Ministry of Railways. In inaugural
function, message of Hon’ble Home Minister and Hon’ble Railway
Minister was read. During this period, Hindi Essay Competition, Hindi
Elocution Competition, Hindi Noting and Drafting Competition, Antakshari
Competition, Rajbhasha Seminar, Sangeet Sandhya (Rangoli) were
organised. Birth anniversary of Hindi poet Ramdhari Singh Dinkar was
celebrated on 29.09.2022 and subsequently, Prize distribution ceremony
took place at the end of Hindi Pakhwara.
On 21st November, 2022, ‘Kavi Sammelan’ was organized in the
Conference Hall of Rail Bhawan. Besides this, All Indian Railways Hindi
Natyotsav-2022 was also organized at Railway Coach Factory, Kapurthala
from 11th to 14th March, 2023.
104 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23
North Eastern Region
North Eastern Region comprising 8 States, viz., Assam, Arunachal
Pradesh, Meghalaya, Manipur, Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura and Sikkim
is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway. Development of rail
infrastructure in North Eastern Region is one of the priority areas of the
Ministry of Railways. The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
Solar PV Modules at Guwahati Station
connectivity to all the sister states in the region and thereafter, extend the
same to the capital cities. Out of 8 States of North Eastern Region, rail
network connectivity now exists in 7 States. Sikkim is being connected with
the new line project Sivok-Rangpo (44 km).
Presently, 19 Railway infrastructure projects (14 New Line and 5
Doubling), of total length of 1,909 km length costing `81,941 crore, falling
fully/partly in North Eastern Region are in planning/approval/construction
stages.
Present status of these projects is as under:-

NEW LINES

1. New Maynaguri-Jogighopa New Line with Gauge

conversion of new Mal-Maynaguri Road and New
Changrabandha-Changrabandha
Length 285 km
Anticipated Cost ` 4,159 crore
Expenditure upto 31.03.2023 ` 4,149 crore
Outlay 2023-24 ` 10 crore
Status: The project has been commissioned.

2. Bhairabi-Sairang
Length 51 km
Anticipated Cost ` 6,527 crore
Expenditure upto 31.03.2023 ` 6,139 crore
Outlay 2023-24 ` 915 crore
Status: Work has been taken up and targeted to be completed by
December, 2024.

3. Agartala (India) - Akhaura (Bangladesh)

Length 12.03 km (5.46 km in India + 6.57 km
in Bangladesh)
Anticipated Cost ` 865 crore (Indian portion)
Expenditure upto 31.03.2023 ` 746 crore
Outlay 2023-24 ` 200 crore
Status: Work has been taken up on this project.

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 105

 4. Byrnihat-Shillong
Length 108 km
Anticipated Cost ` 8,324 crore
Expenditure upto 31.03.2023 ` 267 crore
Outlay 2023-24 ` 0.0001crore
Status: Land acquisition is held up in Meghalaya portion due to protest by
Khasi Students Union (KSU).
5. Dimapur (Dhansiri) - Kohima (Zubza)
Length 82 km
Anticipated Cost ` 6,663 crore
Expenditure upto 31.03.2023 ` 2,210 crore
Outlay 2023-24 ` 1,100 crore
Status: 16 km section has been commissioned and work has been taken
up in remaining length.
6. Jiribam-Imphal
Length 111 km
Anticipated Cost ` 14,323 crore
Expenditure upto 31.03.2023 ` 13,530 crore
Outlay 2023-24 ` 800 crore
Status: 55 km section has been commissioned and work has been taken
up in remaining length.
7. Sivok-Rangpo
Length 44 km
Anticipated Cost ` 8,043 crore
Expenditure upto 31.03.2023 ` 4,868 crore
Outlay 2023-24 ` 2,250 crore
Status: Work has been taken up on this project.
8. Tetelia-Byrnihat
Length 22 km
Anticipated Cost ` 1,146 crore
Expenditure upto 31.03.2023 ` 1,071 crore
Outlay 2023-24 ` 65 crore
Status: Tetelia-Kamalajari (10 km) section has been completed and
commissioned. Work has been taken up in balance section in Assam. Work
in Meghalaya State is stopped due to law and order problem.
9. Murkongselek-Pasighat
Length 27 km
Anticipated Cost ` 984 crore
Expenditure upto 31.03.2023 ` 347 crore
Outlay 2023-24 ` 400 crore
Status: Work has been taken up on this project.

106 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

10. Dimapur-Tizit
Length 257 km
Anticipated Cost ` 4,274 crore
Outlay 2023-24 ` 0.0001 crore
Status: The work has been included in Budget 2013-14 subject to requisite
approvals.
11. Salona-Khumtai
Length 99 km
Anticipated Cost ` 6,542 crore
Outlay 2023-24 ` 0.0001 crore
Status: The work has been included in Budget 2017-18 subject to requisite
approvals.

12. Sibsagar-Jorhat
Length 62 km
Anticipated Cost ` 1,832 crore
Outlay 2023-24 ` 0.0001 crore
Status: The work has been included in Budget 2017-18 subject to requisite
approvals.
13. Tezpur-Silghat
Length 25 km
Anticipated Cost ` 2,696 crore
Outlay 2023-24 ` 0.0001 crore
Status: The work has been included in Budget 2017-18 subject to requisite
approvals.
14. Maishashan (India) - Zero Point (Bangladesh)
Length 3 km
Anticipated Cost ` 39 crore
Expenditure upto 31.03.2023 ` 7 crore
Outlay 2023-24 ` 10 crore
Status: The project has been sanctioned in 2020-21. Work has been taken
up.
DOUBLING
1. New Bongaigaon-Kamakhya via Rangiya
Length 143 km
Anticipated Cost ` 2,048 crore
Expenditure upto 31.03.2023 ` 1,718 crore
Outlay 2023-24 ` 600 crore
Status: 64 km section has been completed. Work has been taken up in
balance section.
INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 107
 2. New Bongaigaon-Kamakhya via Goalpara
Length 176 km
Anticipated Cost ` 4,060 crore
Expenditure upto 31.03.2023 ` 2,661 crore
Outlay 2023-24 ` 500 crore

Status: 115 km Section has been completed. Work has been taken up in
remaining portion.

3. 3rd line between Kamakhya-Guwahati

Length 5.74 km
Anticipated Cost ` 395 crore
Outlay 2023-24 -

Status: The project has been sanctioned on 27.04.2023 in place of

Kamakhya-New Guwahati Quadrupling.

4. Saraighat Bridge (doubling)

Length 7 km
Anticipated Cost `1,127 crore
Outlay 2023-24 ` 15 crore

Status: The work has been included in Budget 2017-18 subject to requisite
approvals.

5. Lumding - Tinsukia Jn. Doubling

Length 381 km
Anticipated Cost ` 2,166 crore
Outlay 2023-24 ` 100 crore

Status: The work has been included in Budget 2019-20 subject to requisite
approvals.

Passenger Services Improvement

14 New train (single) services were introduced and 14 trains (single)
services were extended serving the NE region, during the year 2022-23.
In addition, frequencies of 02 trains (single), serving the NE region, were
increased.

Computerised Passenger Reservation System (N.E. Region)

The facility of computerised Passenger Reservation System (PRS)
is available at about 168 locations in the North Eastern Region. All State
Capitals of North Eastern Region are on PRS network. Some of the above
locations are unified Passenger Reservation System-cum Unreserved
Ticketing Systems (PRS-cum-UTS).

108 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

Public Relation
The Public Relations Directorate is responsible for disseminating
information of various policy initiatives, services, concessions, projects,
performances and developmental activities undertaken by the Railways.
Publicity campaigns are also launched to educate the rail users on various
aspects of railway working including safety and security norms in order to
create awareness among them. Interaction with the rail users through print,
electronic and digital media is a continuous process for the PR Department.

During the year 2022-23 (from 01.04.22 to 31.03.23), Public

Relations Directorate of Railway Board played an important role in building
both the corporate and social image of Indian Railways.

Social Media Handles of Ministry of Railways as well as Zonal

Railways have seen a high surge in number of followers and likes on various
posts & tweets. Social media services like Twitter, Facebook, Instagram,
YouTube etc. are now utilized for not only disseminating information about
various policy initiatives/passenger amenities, but also it is acting as a
real time passenger grievance redressal medium. Followers’ base of social
media handles of all over Indian Railways such as around 19.39 lakh in
Twitter, around 9.28 lakh on Facebook page, around 99.09K subscribers of
YouTube Channel and around 1.32 lakh followers on Instagram are one of
the best performing Ministries under Govt. of India. A common man (rail
user or otherwise) can easily file rail related grievances on Twitter and get
prompt redressal. Information in the form of small videos and other rail
documentaries showcasing new initiatives, innovation and other railway
related information on day to day basis are uploaded on YouTube. All
functions/events where the railways launch new trains/passenger amenities
are broadcasted through YouTube Live, thus, enabling the public at large to
get information on real time basis. Reach of such posts sometimes crosses
more than 10 lakh.

During Financial Year 2022-23 Zonal Railways/Production Units have

also undertaken a number of publicity campaigns on various themes such
as awareness campaign about Swachchhta Pakhwara, International Yoga
Day, Rashtriya Ekta Diwas, Fit India Campaign, Awareness Campaign for
celebration of Constitution Day, activities. About 25,202 press releases
were issued; 1,652 press conferences were organized; 18,917 publicity
brochures were brought out. About 14,059 Radio/TV Spots were produced
and broadcasted/telecasted by the Indian Railways on different Radio/
TV channels. About 60 press party tours were conducted by the Railways
as well as PR Directorate of Railway Board to highlight the benefits to be

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 109

 accrued to rail users due to introduction of new facilities/initiatives/new
national projects in their region. Indian Railways had also participated in
147 exhibitions across the country.

The in-house monthly magazines viz., ‘Indian Railways’ in English and

‘Bharatiya Rail’ in Hindi are brought out by PR Directorate of the Ministry
of Railways to provide effective links between the Railways in India and
the rail users. Annual issues of both the Magazines were brought out. Now
subscribers can pay subscription charges of these two magazines on-line
through IRCTC Portal and e-version is also available on Indian Railway’s
website.

Commercial Advertising
Commercial publicity on railway assets is allowed by Indian Railways
by utilizing the available assets like vinyl wrapping on mobile assets. Digital
advertisements, content on demand through audio and video, display of
advertisements through hoardings at station premises, circulating areas,
road over bridges, road under bridges, level crossing gates, railway colonies,
railway workshops, railway production units, land along the tracks and
allowing innovative ideas/concepts/themes/schemes, etc. PRS/UTS tickets
and reservation charts/forms are also utilized for commercial publicity.

Tea, Train & Tourism Darjeeling, NFR

110 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

Undertakings and other
Organizations
As many as 14 Public Sector Undertakings and other Organizations
are functioning under the Ministry of Railways, as detailed below:-
S. Name Year of Core competence
A cape gauge DEMU set being exported to
No. Incorporation/ Mozambique
Inception
1 RITES 1974 To design, establish, provide, operate, maintain and
perform engineering, technical and consultancy services
for development of projects/systems of all types and
descriptions pertaining to Railways and Other Sectors/
Industries in India and outside India.
2 IRCON 1976 To undertake construction activities in India and abroad
on turnkey basis or otherwise in various fields of
infrastructure like Railways, Bridges, Roads, Highways,
Industrial and Residential Complexes, Airports, etc.
3 CRIS 1986 CRIS is the IT arm of Indian Railways. It designs,
develops, implements and maintains centralized IT
system for all departments of Indian Railways.
4 IRFC 1986 To raise funds from the market to part finance the Plan
Outlay of IR.
5 CONCOR 1988 To develop multi-modal logistics support for India’s
international and domestic containerized cargo and
trade.
6 KRCL 1990 To construct and operate railway lines, construct Road
Over Bridges and rail line projects.
7 RCIL 2000 To utilize the surplus telecom capacity and right of
(RailTel) way available with the IR to build nationwide optical
fibre cable based broadband telecom and multimedia
network.
8 IRCTC 2001 To undertake catering and tourism activities of the
Railways. Also facilitates internet ticketing through its
website.
9 KMRCL 2008 To implement East-West Metro Corridor connecting
the twin Cities Kolkata and Howrah from Salt lake to
Esplanade.
10 RVNL 2003 To create and augment the capacity of rail infrastructure.
To mobilize resources mainly through multilateral/
bilateral funding agencies and also through domestic
market for successful implementation of projects.
11 RLDA 2005 To develop vacant railway land for commercial use
for the purpose of generating revenue by non-tariff
measures for IR.
12 DFCCIL 2006 To plan and construct Dedicated Rail Freight Corridors
(DFCs) for movement of freight trains on the corridors.
13 MRVC 1999 To plan and implement rail projects in the Mumbai
Metropolitan Region.
14 BCL 1976 (In MOR To manufacture wagons, undertake structural fabrication
from 2010) jobs and manufacturing, retrofitting of EOT crane.

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 111

 Rail India Technical and Economic Services Limited (RITES)
RRITES Limited, a Navratna Central Public Sector Enterprise under
the Ministry of Railways, has followed a trajectory uniquely rooted in India’s
growth story. Since its inception in the year 1974, RITES, a multidisciplinary
consultancy organization, has been taking on challenges with foresight and
fortitude. A future-ready organization, RITES is providing customized,
diversified, comprehensive, and concept to commissioning services and
Construction of DEMU/MEMU shed at integrated solutions in the transport infrastructure sector in India and abroad.
Lumding, Assam
RITES is uniquely placed in terms of geographical reach and
consultancy services in sectors such as railways, highways, airports, ports,
ropeways, metros, bridges & tunnels, urban engineering and sustainability,
green mobility, inland waterways, and renewable energy. Equipped with
sophisticated software (including for designs) and modern equipment,
RITES is also a unique inspection organization with in-house material-
testing laboratories with national/international accreditation/certification.
With the Independent Safety Assessor (ISA) certificate, RITES has become
the second company to have this certification in India.
RITES has served clients in more than 55 countries across Asia, Africa,
Latin America, South America, and Middle East region.
The Financial Year 2023 (further termed as FY) was another pivotal
year for RITES. With a well-diversified business model, the company
demonstrated agility and adaptability, which allowed them to record the best-
ever performance in the Consultancy segment despite export headwinds.
With highest-ever consultancy, including international consultancy,
RITES recorded a total income of `2,639 crore in FY 2023 compared to
`2,661 crore in the previous year. Profit after tax for the year stood at `531
crore as against `497 crore in the year. It earned an operating turnover of
`2,520 crore as against `2,575 crore in the previous year. This revenue
is achieved on account of growth in all segments, barring exports. The
net worth has grown from `2,399 crore to `2,503 crore and RITES has
remained debt-free. Also, the company has spent `14.10 crore towards
corporate social responsibilities in FY 2023.
Continuous satisfactory performance to win clients’ confidence and
efforts on business development have contributed to close FY 2023 with an
order book of `5,769 crore with orders worth `3,080 crore secured in FY
2023 only.
FY2023-24 Performance
RITES operating revenue (consolidated), excluding other income
stands at `1,127 crore in FY 2023-24 (April to September) as against `1,264
crore in the corresponding period of the FY 2022-23. Total revenue stands
at `1,171 crore as against `1,321 crore in the same period of the previous
FY 2022-23. EBITDA and Profit After Tax (PAT) stand at `301 crore and
`230 crore against `361 crore and `285 crore, respectively, in same period
of the previous FY 2022-23.

112 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

Select Projects (FY 2022-23)
• Supply of 1 loco, 4 DEMU trainsets and 25 passenger coaches to CMF,
Mozambique
• Completion of Railway doubling works of Gotty-Dharmavaram
• Construction of DEMU/MEMU shed at Lumding, Assam
• Mavali-Bari Sadri railway electrification works
RITES Limited
• PMC for Railway sidings at multiple locations
• DPR for tunnels between Abu Road and Taranga Hill
• Redevelopment of Ayodhya and Varanasi railway stations
• Consultancy for Mauritius Metro Phase III Project
• Depot construction work for Bengaluru Metro
• Consultancy for Ahmedabad Metro Rail Project Phase-II
• Consultancy services for Shivamogga Airport, Karnataka
• Third Party Inspection for works under Jal Jeevan Mission

Green Touch
• ‘Transforming to Green’, RITES has charted a roadmap to emphasis the
integration of infrastructure and green solutions, hasten green growth,
and provide smart solutions for shaping tomorrow’s mobility. Taking
forward its vision for sustainable consultancy, a dedicated Sustainability
Unit was created and in a short period, it has started getting orders
in the fields of National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) and Swachh
Bharat Mission etc.
• RITES’ subsidiary REMC Ltd involved in power management and
generation and has a mandate to handle the entire power procurement
under open access for Indian Railways, besides handling renewable
energy and energy-efficiency projects.
Awards & Recognition
RITES has received several awards and accolades, some of these are:
• Dream Companies to Work For (Infrastructure) by Times Ascent
at World HRD Congress-2023
• ICAI Award for Excellence in Financial Reporting 2021-22
(Silver Shield)
• 'Best Engineering Consulting Firm' Award at Diplomatic Nite-
2022
• 'Most Admired Consultancy for Rail & Metro Sectors' Award
(PMC & Consultancy category) at the 2nd Urban Infra Business Summit
& Awards

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 113

 • SAFA Gold Award for Best Presented Annual Report (Infra &
Construction category) at ‘Best Presented Annual Report Awards,
Integrated Reporting Awards & SAARC Anniversary Awards for
Corporate Governance Disclosures 2021’ ceremony

IRCON International Limited (IRCON)

Ircon International Limited (a Navratna PSU), formally known as
Indian Railway Construction Company Limited was incorporated on 28th
Multi-purpose Indoor Stadium at Behala/
Kolkata April, 1976, mainly for the purpose of construction and development of
Railway Infrastructure in India and abroad with the expertise from Indian
Railways.
During its operation of 47 years the company has diversified and
developed core competence in other areas also like Highways, Tunnels,
Bridges, Flyovers, ROBS, Airport Hangar & Runways, Metro rail and
Buildings (Industrial, Commercial & Residential complexes), EHV
Transmission Line & Grid Sub-stations, Industrial Electrification, Signaling
and Telecom Systems etc .Considering its major share of business from
projects abroad, its name was changed to “Ircon International Limited”
w.e.f. 17th October, 1995.
IRCON has so far completed more than 401 infrastructure projects in
India and 128 projects across the globe in more than 25 countries.
IRCON is actively engaged in infrastructure development in several
Asian and African countries. IRCON’s expertise coupled with its experience
has helped in successful completion and commissioning of a mega project
valuing over USD 1 billion in Malaysia, the largest ever Transportation
project completed by any Indian company abroad. Also, IRCON is executing
Railway projects in Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Algeria and Nepal. In the year
2021-22 IRCON has secured a strategic road project for Construction of
Road from Paletwa (Myanmar) to Zorinpuri (Mizoram) under Kaladan Multi
Modal Transit Transport Project (KMMTTP), in Myanmar on EPC Mode.
As close neighbours with common land boundaries, India shares
a unique relationship of friendship and cooperation with Nepal and
Bangladesh. Taking the bilateral relationship to new heights, IRCON is
executing Rail connectivity projects to Nepal and Bangladesh. These
projects are New Broad-Gauge Railway Line between Jogbani (India) and
Biratnagar (Nepal) & Jayanagar (India) and Bardibas (Nepal) besides the
work of design and construction of Akhaura (Bangladesh) - Agartala (India)
rail link.
In India, IRCON has undertaken various prestigious projects which
are emblematic to the country’s rise on global infrastructural map. The
Company is involved in the biggest Railway construction project in Jammu
& Kashmir. IRCON is also constructing a new Broad-Gauge railway line
from Sivok in North Bengal to Rangpo in Sikkim to provide rail connectivity
to Sikkim.

114 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

Achievements in FY 2022-23
Overall
 In the year 2022-23, IRCON has secured following projects
• Stage-III i.e. detailed Engineering & Project Management
Consultancy (PMC) Services for "Development of Rail Infrastructure
for proposed 02 nos. RLS (20 MTY) for Ananta OCP of Jagannath
Jaynagar Bardibas Rail Link Project
Area, MCL at modified route (i.e. through excavated de-coaled
area of Ananta & Bharatpur OCP of MCL) at Talcher" .
• Establishment of Railway Siding along with Railway Station
contagious to Mine Lease Boundary of Gare Pelma Sector-III Coal
Mine.
• Procurement of Design, Installation, Testing, Commissioning and
Certifying of Signaling and Telecommunication System from
Maho Junction (Including) to Anuradhapura (Excluding) under
Indian Line of Credit.
• Engagement of Central Public Sector Undertaking (CPSUs)
for development of New Industrial Estates in Union Territory of
Jammu and Kashmir.
 In the year 2022-23 IRCON has successfully completed
following projects:
• Construction of Eight lane Vadodara Kim Expressway from Km.
323.000 to 355.00 (Sanpa to Padra Section of Vadodara Mumbai
Expressway) in the State of Gujarat under NHDP Phase - VI on
Hybrid Annuity Mode (Phase IA Package II).
• ECR - Doubling between Hajipur - Bachwara with electrification
project (72km) including planning, design and construction of
all service and residential buildings, circulating area, parking,
platforms, subways, shelters and other allied structures of all
stations, including Electrical, Signal & Telecommunication works
and any other works.
Major achievements of ongoing projects in FY 2022-23 are as
follows:
1. In Jayanagar (India) Bijalpura (Nepal) Project, Cross border rail section
from Jayanagar (Km. 0.00) to Kurtha (Km. 34.90) was inaugurated.
2. An international standard fully air-conditioned multi-purpose Indoor
Stadium with state-of-the-art facilities at Behala was inaugurated on
May 30, 2022.
3. In the USBRL Project, achieved a milestone for the breakthrough of
two Main tunnel and three escape tunnel including the longest tunnel
(T49-12.76Km long) of the project during the year.

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 115

 4. In the Sivok Rangpo new line project, achieved a milestone for second
breakthrough of Tunnel T-5 on 18.06.2022, third breakthrough of
Tunnel T-9 on 19.10.2022, fourth breakthrough of Tunnel T-2 (896
m.) on 23.11.2022, Fifth breakthrough of Tunnel T-12 (1404 m.)
on 24.12.2022, Sixth breakthrough of Tunnel T-11 (3232 m.) on
23.01.2023 and longest Adit tunnel of this project i.e. Adit-1 (1144m)
of Tunnel T-10 on 19th Feb, 2023.
Pir Panjal Tunnel, Jammu & Kashmir 5. In Katni-Singrauli Doubling Project, four block sections
i. Saraigram to Gajrabahra (10.7 km)
ii. Gajrabahra to Deoragram (10.4 km)
iii. Khannabanjari to Mahroi section (11.9 Km) and
iv. Niwas Road to Saraigram section (28.7 Km) were commissioned
during the year.
6. The CRS inspection of Akshayawat Rai Nagar-Sahdei Buzurg (14.5
Km) of HJP BCA doubling project was held on 28 /09/2022 and section
was allowed to open for running of passenger and goods trains at
maximum speed of 80 KMPH. With commissioning of this section, the
super critical project of doubling of entire Hajipur-Bachhwara stands
commissioned including the yard remodeling of Bachhwara.
7. In Kiul-Gaya Doubling Project, CRS inspection (Commission of
Railway Safety inspection) of Wazirganj-Tilaiya section (18.01 Km)
was conducted on 02.09.2022 and the section was commissioned at a
permissible speed of 100 kmph.
8. In Kiul-Gaya Doubling Project, the entire Lakhisarai-Sheikhpura
section (25.32 Km) was commissioned with 100 kmph on 21.02.2023.
Accolades
• Ranked in Top 250 International Contractors and Top 250 Global
Contractors by Engineering News Record (ENR), USA. Also ranked
amongst the Top 500 Indian Companies in Fortune India Magazine.
• Healthy profitability margins & comfortable liquidity position with its
CARE Credit Rating of AAA/A1+ for long & short-term non-fund based
borrowings. Continuously profit making company since its inception.
• Conferred with several awards in the last two years including Governance
Now 8th PSU Award in CSR Commitment category, National Awards
for Excellence in PSU
• (Category: Innovation Social Media Outreach), National Awards for
Excellence in PSU (Category: Increasing the Geo-Strategic Reach),
Greentech Foundation Safety Award for Construction Safety, Greentech
Environment Award for Environment Protection, ENR – Construction
World Global Award and Dun & Bradstreet PSU & Government
Summit – Aatma Nirbhar Bharat Initiatives.

116 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

Financial Performance
In the year 2022-23, the Company has registered total income of
`10,262 crore. The Profit before tax achieved by the company is `883
crore and the Profit after Tax achieved is `777 crore. The Net Worth of the
company is `5,178 crore.

Centre for Railway Information Systems (CRIS)

The Centre for Railway Information Systems (CRIS) is an Autonomous Multi-purpose Indoor Stadium at Behala/
Organization of the Ministry of Railways, with its headquarters in New Kolkata
Delhi and Regional Offices in Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai, Secunderabad and
Chennai. It develops and manages the IT systems of the Indian Railways,
with terminals and counters spread across the country from Kargil to
Kanyakumari, and from Tawang to Port Blair. Together with a team of IT
professionals with rich practical experience, CRIS has successfully positioned
itself at the vanguard of Indian Railways' digital transformation.
CRIS is developing and managing IT applications in all areas of
Railway working, and has been focusing on interfacing these applications
to provide a unified IT platform for Indian Railways. The activities &
developments during the year 2022-23 (April 2022 to March 2023) done
by CRIS, are given below-

1. Passenger Business
Enhanced E-Ticketing System for Indian Railways (ETIR) - Android
IRCTC Rail Connect versions 4.2.2 and 4.2.3, both of which were made
available on March 31, 2023. Likewise, for the Rail Saarthi version of
IRCTC Rail Connect, versions 5.2.2 and 5.2.3 were also released on the
same date via the Google Play store. An Android mobile app update
was carried out, involving various enhancements. Firstly, the IRCTC Rail
Connect app received an upgrade, now incorporating Hindi language
capability. Additionally, the Momagic SDK used for push notifications was
also upgraded. Furthermore, the logo for the iPay payment provider was
updated to reflect compatibility with Net banking. One notable feature of
this update was the activation of the E-wallet registration option. Users were
provided with the ability to register for an E-wallet within the app. An iOS
IRCTC Rail Connect version 3.1.32 was released on 20th February 2023, on
the Apple App Store. As for improvements, the AskDisha Chatbot URL was
updated, and the range of webservices under Akamai POC was expanded
to reinforce the security measures in the mobile app.
Integrated Computerized Reservation and Ticketing System
(CONCERT) - The system was modified to allow pass/PTO bookings in
GN quota for Jan Shatabdi trains.
Modernization of CONCERT Phase 1 & 2 (MOC1 & MOC2) –
Modified PNR Search report to include cancellation status and introduced a
new report under the Vigilance category for Status-wise passenger reports.
These reports are now available on PRIMES (Passenger Reservation

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 117

 Information Management Enhanced System), including "Status-wise
Revenue from Cancellations" and "Workload Analysis Report" under Special
Reports, along with "Seized PNR" in Monitoring Reports for future data.
Modernization of CONCERT Phase-2 - The Divyangjan application was
launched. In the CORE module, various business rules were implemented,
including PNR service calls in Normal Booking, as well as rules for Student
concession, Foreign Tourist Reservation, Duplicate Ticket Issue, Quota
reservation from wait list, Pre-bought Booking, and Quota Reservation in
different TDRC.
Expansion of Hand-Held Terminals for TTES Over IR (EHHT) - A total
of 10,000 Handheld Terminals (HHT) devices along with their accessories
were procured and subsequently distributed among the Zonal Railways. The
central site, comprising all 10,000 HHT devices, was successfully installed
and configured on the CRIS cloud platform. Online training sessions were
conducted for the ticket checking staff, aligning with the recommendations
of the Zonal Railways.
Rail Madad, Complaint Management System - A single portal for
enquiry, assistance, and grievance services, for passengers, freight and parcel
customers. An easy-to-use interface in 12 languages, available through 9
channels (Rail Madad mobile app, web browser, email, 139 IVRS, Umang
app, social media, CPGrams, surface mail, and 112 emergency helpline), it
routes the complaints / suggestions to the correct authority and uses auto-
escalation to provide time-bound service delivery.
Umang (Unified Mobile Application for New-age Governance)
integration - IR services such as availability and fare enquiry, PNR
status, train schedule and running position, Freight and parcel rates and
consignment status, and Rail Madad services have been provided in the
Umang app of Government of India by API-based integration through IR’s
API Gateway. Recently, season ticket booking has been provided through
Umang.
Unreserved Ticking System (UM01) - Provision for printing Tamil
or Malayalam regional language tickets for locations in the Puducherry
Union Territory (UT) is available through UTS, ATVM, and the mobile app.
Transaction summaries based on mobile numbers was made online on the
PRIMES portal, detailing transactions carried out via mobiles within a 30-
day period. During the Annual Rath Yatra festival, UTS tickets with enhanced
passenger limits were provided. The Other Coaching Earning report was
made available on the eDrishti portal. New payment option, such as the SBI
QR code on ATVM/CoTVM, has been introduced. Vande Bharat train type
tickets were issued in UTS for the inaugural run on September 30, 2022.
RPF Security Management System (RSMS) - RSMS has been
Implemented at All India Level. The objective of RSMS is to implement
paperless working in RPF by instant transmission of messages, optimizing
manpower utilization, facilitating one-time data entry and online generation
of the MCR.

118 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

2. Freight & Parcel Business
Freight Operation and Information Systems (FOIS) - TTMS (Terminal
Management System) underwent modifications related to Demurrage
Waiver against multiple Railway Receipts (RRs), Empty Weighment, and
Mis-declaration of Weight during Unloading. This was carried out in TMS
application version 9.7.2. The Military Freight Calculator was introduced
to facilitate the calculation of tariffs for Military Traffic. The "Satark" mobile
app for capturing TI (Traffic Inspector) inspections and monitoring was
launched. In November 2022, a wagon census took place, enumerating
48,000 wagons and generating wagon status and exception reports for
monitoring purposes.
Roll Out of Parcel Management Systems (RPMS) - The PMS was
tailored to grant India Post access for booking and delivery purposes.
Necessary business changes were seamlessly integrated to accommodate
this new feature. This service was initiated from the locations of Surat and
Varanasi. Another notable accomplishment was the VAP, which entailed
integration with the FOIS {FBD (Freight Business Development) portal}.
Implementation status of CPMS Phase-II - Several key milestones
were achieved in the logistics and operations landscape during the specified
time periods. Successful testing evaluated the functionality of the PMS
(Parcel Management System) application over the FOIS (Freight Operations
Information System) network. In December 2022, a collaborative venture
called the Joint Parcel Product of Indian Railways and India Post was
introduced at various locations.
3. Train Operations
Real-Time Train Information System of Indian Railway (RTIS) -
As of November 2022, the movement GPS data of approximately 6,702
locomotive devices was being transmitted to the Central Operating Authority
(COA) through the Railways Train Information System (RTIS) central
server. A total of 4,521 RTIS locomotive devices, comprising 2,700 devices
in Phase-1 and 1821 devices in Phase-2, had been successfully installed
and integrated into the electronic locomotives (e-locos) for the purpose
of automatic control chart plotting. The RDSO had granted approval for
the final fitment scheme applicable to all types of e-locos. These software
alterations were executed in collaboration with the Indian Space Research
Organization (ISRO). This project is being further executed successfully
marking significant progress in enhancing rail network monitoring and
control.
Control Office Application (COA) - In the continued pursuit
of operational enhancement and optimization, a series of notable
accomplishments and advancements were realized. On a daily basis, a
diligent effort was undertaken to update approximately 5.70 lakh Arrival,
Departure, and Run Through events within the Control Office Application
(COA) by all Divisions. The COA system seamlessly integrated data from
approximately 5,500 locomotives outfitted with REMMLOT/RTIS Devices,

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 119

 alongside data loggers positioned at around 640 different locations. The
process of updating train movements within the COA system was further
refined by the successful integration of GPS updates from locomotives
provided by industry leaders such as Alstom, Medha, and SIEMENS.
S/W Aided Train Scheduling System (Timetabling Project) (SATS)
- In December 2022, significant strides were made in enhancing rail
services. Integration with the WA Project, aimed at sharing train schedules
and train master data for the Rail Sewa app through a Web API, was
successfully accomplished. In February 2023, the compilation and sharing
of fresh infrastructure data from 14 divisions were meticulously carried
out. A meticulous simulation of bare runtime was successfully conducted
for Vande Bharat Trains (T18) across six distinct routes: RKMP-NDLS, AII-
NDLS, CBE-MAS, SC-TPTY, NJP-GHY, and TVC-CAN.
Crew Management Systems (CMS) - In the realm of Crew Management
Systems (CMS), notable advancements were made in the Lobby Performance
Indicator report during the past. This enhancement manifested through
the integration of four distinct filters, thereby enabling the scrutiny of
performance on multiple levels: lobby, division, Zonal, and IR. These filters
collectively facilitated a comprehensive comparative analysis of IR crew
booking lobbies, bringing valuable insights to the forefront. The chronicle
of progress continues, as in July of 2022, a pivotal stride was taken with
the installation of the Application server development Virtual Machine on
CRIS Cloud, specifically catering to the GOAL project. As October 2022
graphical representations illuminating exceptional Crew performance were
embedded into the CMS dashboard interface, spanning IR, Zone, Division,
and Lobby categories.
Coaching Operation Information Systems Maintenance (CO-M) -
A Mobile App was developed and deployed to assist COIS users in inputting
Train Consist positions based on physical numbers for printing Vehicle
Guidance (VG) with Caution Order improvements. Integration was carried
out with the SLAM (Software for Loco Asset Management) project to share
Asset failure data. COA implemented automatic GPS loco attachment to
running trains based on GPS coordinates, with integration between the
Loco module of ICMS and COA for synchronization. The Spot Your Train
option in NTES iOS App offered running train instances and Station search
capability.
Safety Information Management System (SIMS) - Accident
Reporting, Accident Inquiry (CRS/ Departmental), DAR Inquiry, Safety
Drive, Inspections, Audit, Safety hazard reporting, Safety Drive, MCDO,
Safety Shield etc. Monitoring of Accidents on real time through log sheet.
More than 10000 accident reported and more than 14000 DAR inquiry
performed. SMDMS for messaging and document sharing between safety
officials of Railway Board and zonal/divisional Railways. Integration with
'139' IVRS to provide accident details to general public. Integration with
Incident Report System (IRS) of Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) for
reporting of major Rail accident.

120 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

4. Asset Management-Rolling Stock
Rollout of Maintenance Module for Coaching Phase I (CDMM) - In
the past, several important developments and improvements were made in
accordance with Railway Board directives. This included the implementation
of "air brake pressure testing" and "under gear check" DDR formats, which
became mandatory for rake BPC generation. Furthermore, a new interface
for Wheel Drive was developed, with enhancements made to capture the
"ICF bogie type" parameter. Additionally, ESB Integration was successfully
established between CMM and WISE for coach master sharing.
Freight Maintenance Management Roll Out (FMMR) - For the first time
in Indian Railways, an online wagon census was conducted using IRFMM to
gather information on unconnected wagons that had not undergone TXR
examination or BPC preparation in FOIS/FMM over the past six months. A
dedicated module was developed for this purpose, accessible via a mobile
app and web browser. The wagon census identified a total of 6,082 wagons.
In terms of FMM usage, 170 freight yards across IR generated a total of
10,875 BPCs in March 2023, contributing to a cumulative total of 131,478
BPCs for the current financial year.
Automated Wagon Track and Trace System Using RFID - In
September 2022, a total of 8,009 wagons and 537 coaches were newly
tagged, with 334 coaches tagged by RITES through a CRIS contract. As
of March 31, 2023, the tagging process had been completed for 182,101
wagons and 18,533 coaches. Additionally, in March 2023, 1,828 wagons
and 1,083 coaches received fresh tagging.
S/W for Locomotive Asset Management Pilot Phase Stage-II
(SLAM) - The SLAM rollout progress reached several milestones. The
SLAM application successfully went live at three sheds: Kazipet Junction/
SCR, Royapuram/SR, and Etarsi/WCR, using Rail net/FOIS net. Training
for SLAM Application was completed in all 27 sheds, and two additional
batches, consisting of 12 Trip Sheds and 31 TLCs, also received training.

5. Asset Management-Fixed Infrastructure

Signaling Maintenance Management System - A significant step was
taken as a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) regarding the transfer
of SMMS work to M/s Railtel was formalized through signing executed on
the 6th of May 2022. Further, responding to the dynamics of the project,
SMMS infrastructure at CRIS was brought to a halt in alignment with a
request from M/s Railtel. The seamless coordination and execution of this
shutdown demonstrated the adaptability of the project's stakeholders to
evolving needs.
Track Management Systems (TMS) - TMS login page underwent
a redesign to improve user experience on different devices. Two-Factor
Authentication, bolstered by CAPTCHA, was implemented for heightened
security. The process for identifying Grinded Rail was redesigned, aligning
it with Track Machine (RGM) progress entries by Engineering Control. To

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 121

 facilitate intermediate inspection of Points & Crossing, an Inspection Performa
along with an Inspection Register and defect compliance functionality were
developed. Several USFD ACS-6 features were integrated, including weld
testing status on loop lines and varying testing frequencies on CC+8+2t
routes. Inspection modules such as LWR, SEJ, Buffer Rail, Points &
Crossing, Level Crossing, and Curve were refined to address defects within
revised threshold limits as defined in the New IRPWM.
Rail Road Crossing Approval & Monitoring System (RORACS) -
Web application for approval and monitoring of proposal status for General
Arrangement Drawings (GAD) from Railways for ROB (Road Over Bridges)
/ RUB (Road under Bridges) proposed by various stakeholders (MORTH,
NHAI & State Govt. etc.). Joint effort of Ministry of Railways and Ministry
of Road Transport & Highways to facilitate speedy construction of ROBs/
RUBs and eliminate level crossings on National Highways. Implemented in
all 68 divisions of Indian Railways.

6. Resource Management-Material
e-Procurement System-Phase I (EPS) - “Gati Shakti” Units were
established across various divisions to enhance synergy and improve
system efficiency, thereby expanding rail infrastructure. Vendor registration
processes were simplified, allowing for return requests during registration,
eliminating the need for new requests. E-Dispatch was introduced, requiring
vendors to generate comprehensive reports in IREPS during material
dispatch.
Maintenance of E-Procurement System (EPSM) - A modified feedback
mechanism was implemented for various IREPS modules.

7. Resource Management-Finance & Accounts

Human Resource Management System (HRMS) - IR employs
about 12 lakh persons, spread across thousands of locations across the
country. Human resource management is being progressively automated
through the in-house developed HRMS. Modules for Employee Master,
Cadre management, e-Service record, Settlements, Loans and Advances,
Grievances, etc. have been developed. Employees can access their
information conveniently and access relevant services through the Employee
Self Service (ESS) module and HRMS app.
Accounting Reforms Management System (ARMS) (Part of AIMS)
- In the past, there was a parallel trial run of the Transaction-based Accrual
Accounting System on the live data of IPAS within the Indian Railways.
During this period, the mapping of 8 to 10-digit allocation codes (cash
to accrual code) in the IPAS transactional data for March 2023 exhibited
significant progress, achieving a mapping accuracy of 96.7%.
Traffic Accounts Management System on Indian Railway (TAMS) -
Seamless integration between FOIS and TAMS for the Error Sheet Module
- Goods has been successfully completed. A dashboard has been developed

122 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

to oversee “Goods-e-CR notes” received from FOIS, enabling detailed note
summaries, reconciliation, and corrections as needed.
Integrated and Payroll Accounting System over Indian Railways
(IPAS) - IPAS successfully integrated with the "Jeevan Pramaan Portal"
to capture Digital Life Certificates of Railway Pensioners via SFTP. The
Workshop General Register Module of Workshop Accounting Management
System (WAMS) was launched at Jodhpur Workshop on North Western
Railway. A revenue expenditure Dashboard was developed in IPAS,
facilitating expense analysis through charts and comparisons with budgets
and past years. Payroll and pension modules were implemented at Rail
Coach Factory (RCF), while IREPS integration allowed online refund of
Demurrage / Wharfage charges. Warranty-based payment withholding,
e-MCDO entry and Manufacturing Suspense modules were introduced in
IPAS. A Web Service enabled Capital and Revenue Expenditure sharing
with My-Drishti. RESS Desktop & Mobile App accessibility was extended to
Railway employees using HRMS ID.
Miscellaneous E-Receipt System (MERS) - After successful testing, the
integration of PRS with MERS for electronic advance payments from YTSK
agents transitioned to the production environment. During March 2023,
approximately `89.54 crores were received via MERS.
8. Infrastructure, Business Continuity
RCLD - Rail Cloud Phase-1 - The successful migration of the HRMS
project to the CRIS Private Cloud was achieved. A total of 27 projects were
deployed in the development environment, while 23 projects were deployed
for the production environment.
Data Sharing with NATGRID (DSWN) - The deployment of Use
Cases/APIs from CRIS's dedicated centralized production infrastructure to
NATGRID was successfully completed.
Indian Railways Information Security Group Project (ISGP) -
CRIS’s Cyber Crisis Management Plan received approval from CERT-In.
The Multi-Agency Audit (NAAT) conducted by C-DAC, Hyderabad, was
finalized.
Network Security Infrastructure at 06 PRS/UTS Data Cent (NS-I)
- Till March 2023, approximately 5.27 lakh cyber-attacks were successfully
blocked.
9. Dashboards, Integration and Analytics
Enhancement of e-Drishti (DRST) - A Dashboard for I.R. – From the
outset of the Financial Years 2021-22 and 2022-23, e-Drishti statistics
underwent data initialization, archival, and validation A production-level
integration was established to link Rail Kaushal Vikas Yojna (RKVY) data
with e-Drishti. Furthermore, a new dashboard tab concerning Sundry
earnings of Indian Railways was designed, developed, and rolled out. This
included integration with IPAs, along with activities related to past year data
accumulation.

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 123

 Indian Railway Finance Corporation Limited (IRFC)
Set up as a public limited company in December, 1986 with the sole
objective of raising money from the market to part-finance the plan outlay
of Ministry of Railways and for meeting their development needs. IRFC has
been successfully meeting the borrowing targets set for it year after year.
Funds are raised thought issue of bonds, 54EC Capital Gain Bonds, Term
loans from banks/financial institutions and though external commercial
borrowings etc. The Department of Public Enterprises has consistently rated
the company as “Excellent” for its performance vis-à-vis the parameters set
out in the MoU.
The Company has leased rolling stock assets worth `3,00,267 crore
to the Railways up to 31st March 2023. Rolling stock assets worth about
`16,634 crore were financed during 2022-23. Funding has been made by
IRFC in locomotives, wagons and coaches. The acquisition has helped in
increasing traffic output and revenue growth in Indian Railways over the
increasing traffic output and revenue growth in Indian Railways over the
years. IRFC has also funded Railway projects through Institutional Finance
to the extent of `1,62,743 crore till 31st March, 2023. Besides, earlier IRFC
has also funded Railway Projects under EBR-S worth `55,991.91 crore up
to 31st March, 2023.
Rolling stock assets funded by IRFC are leased to Ministry of Railways.
IRFC has successfully brought down lease rentals from 17.5% p.a. in 1996-
97 to 11.0653% p.a. in 2022-23, which compares favorably with the
borrowing of the Government of India. The Ministry has been making lease
payments to IRFC regularly.
IRFC has consistent profit earning track record. It has so far paid
`7,469.08 crore as dividend to the Government. Based on its strong financial
strength and credit standing, it has got the highest possible rating from three
prominent domestic Credit Rating Agencies and investment rating at par
with ‘Sovereign’ from four major International Credit Ratings Agencies.
IRFC has also become the first Central Public Sector Enterprise (CPSE)
to list its USD 500 million green offshore bonds exclusively at NSEIFSC
and India INX in the GIFT City (Gujrat International Finance Tech City),
Gandhinagar.
Also IRFC has been ranked 95th in Fortune India 500 list of companies
based on financials of fiscal year 2022-23.

Container Corporation of India Ltd. (CONCOR)

Container Corporation of India Limited, a Navratna CPSE of Ministry
of Railway, Government of India was incorporated in March 1988 and
commenced operation in November, 1989. CONCOR has expanded its
network on PAN India basis having a terminal network of 61 ICDs/CFSs by
starting from 7 ICDs taken from Indian Railways. In addition to providing
inland transport by rail for containers, it has also expanded to cover
management of Ports, Air Cargo complexes and establishing Cold Chain.
It has and will continue to play the role of promoting containerization in

124 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

India by virtue of its modern rail wagon fleet, customer friendly commercial
practices and extensively used Information Technology. Though rail is the
main stay of our transportation plan, road services are also provided to
cater to the need of door-to-door services, whether in EXIM or Domestic
business.
The company was setup with the core objective to facilitate trade and
industry/stakeholders by developing Multi Modal Logistics Parks on PAN
India basis. CONCOR's core business is characterized by three distinct
activities, that of a carrier, a terminal operator, and a warehouse operator.

Carrier
Rail is the mainstay of CONCOR's transportation plans & strategy.
Majority of CONCOR terminals are rail-linked, with rail as the main
carrier for haulage. Facilities are, however, provided for First and Last Mile
transportation by road also. As rail is price-competitive over long distances,
the price advantage can be passed on to clients, thus allowing for flexible
and competitive pricing. The rail link also plays a major role in decongesting
our ports and the road corridors that lead to these ports.
Though rail is the mainstay of CONCOR's transportation plan, some
CONCOR terminals are exclusively road-fed as well. Road services are
mostly in the form of supplementary services to provide the door to door
linkages having carried the bulk of long lead by rail. However, where ever
it is operationally or economically a superior option, road is used as an
alternative to rail as well.

Terminal and CFS Operator

CONCOR started operations in November 1989 with 7 Inland
Container Depots (ICDs). The Company has since extended the network
to a total of 61 terminals, of which 5 are export import container depots,
17 exclusive domestic container depots as well as 36 terminals perform the
combined role of domestic as well as international terminals out of which 3
terminals are having strategic tie-ups.
CONCOR's customs bonded Inland Container depots are dry
ports in the hinterland, and serve the purpose of bringing all port facilities
including Customs clearance to the customer's doorstep. The terminals are
almost always linked by rail to the Indian Railway network, unless their
size or location dictates that they be linked by road. The rail links enable
CONCOR to facilitate the moving of large volumes over long distances in
the most cost effective manner.
CONCOR's terminals provide a spectrum of facilities in terms of
warehousing, container parking, repair facilities, and even office complexes.
As CFS operator, CONCOR adds value to the logistics chain by offering
value added services such as: ∙ Transit warehousing for import and export
cargo.
• Bonded warehousing, enabling importers to store cargo and take
partial deliveries, thereby deferring duty payment

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 125

 • Less than Container Load (LCL) consolidation and reworking of
LCL cargo at nominated hubs
• Air cargo clearance using bonded trucking
• First Mile and Last Mile (FMLM) and Distribution Logistics
In the area of domestic business door pick up and door delivery
services are the most popular. The company also uses its terminal network
to plan hub and spoke movements that allow single customers to move
cargo to multiple locations at a single time, with CONCOR taking care of the
distribution and re distribution requirements.
The key value the company offers the provision of a single-window
facility co-ordinating with all the different agencies and services involved in
the containerized cargo trade, from Customs, Gateway Ports, and Railways,
to road hauliers, consolidators, Forwarders, Custom House Agents and
shipping lines. To achieve a high degree of customization, it offers packages
designed to provide the most cost-effective combination of road and rail.
This enables it to offer services which can be individually tailored to every
customers specifications, minimizing customers own efforts.
Two new facilities were developed during the year namely Multi Modal
Logistics facility at Paradip (Odisha) and Multi Modal Logistics facility at
Dahej (Gujarat).

Financial and Physical Performance

In terms of Performance, CONCOR achieved a gross operating
turnover of Rs.8103.40 Crore while handling a total of 4.36 million TEUs.
In terms of tonnage, the company carried a total tonnage of 49 million tons.

IT Initiatives
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
CONCOR has implemented AI/ML based Container Terminal
Management System (CTMS) at one of its flagship terminals, i.e., Inland
Container Deport – Tughlakabad to automate complete terminal operations.
All the activities at each of the major operational areas, namely, Gate,
Rake Yard, Cargo handling area, Warehouse and Customs examination
block are planned to be digitalized using a combination of various
automation technologies and digital applications.
Each of the operational areas shall provide real time Dashboards
and reports to the specific location while, rolling the information into the
centralized systems for organization wide dashboards, reports and business
perspective views and decisions.
It has been anticipated that the overall digitialisation process will
enable better resource utilization with real time information for CONCOR
and its stakeholders/customers.
The other IT initiatives taken by CONCOR to better its logistics
services for the trade and industry are mentioned below:-

126 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 1. Know Your Container Location (KYCL)
2. Automation of Contract Management / Billing
3. Digital Workplace Solution: eOffice
4. e-Reverse Auction for Road Transportation – eLogistic App

Medium Term and Long Term Strategy

• CONCOR is also exploring Agency Business and Bulk Cargo movement
which will create great opportunity and value addition to the trade.
• CONCOR plans to enhance more and more double stack operations for
efficient utilization of its rolling stocks, improve dwell time of containers
on port and its terminals at a reduced logistics cost.
• CONCOR is closely studying the freight designs being evolved for bulk
transportation of Cement, Aggregate, Liquid cargo and Auto Cars etc.
for new opportunities.
• CONCOR is also planning for it’s off shore presence in the neighbouring
countries.
Konkan Railway Corporation Limited (KRCL)
The Company was established in the year 1990 with equity
participation by Ministry of Railways (51%), Maharashtra (22%), Karnataka
(15%), Kerala (6%) and Goa (6%) for the purpose of construction and
operation of Railway along the Western Coast of India.
Financial Performance:
The total revenue of the Company for the year 2022-23 was `5,152
crore as compared to `3,364 crore (figure restated) of 2021-22. The net
profit during the year was `279 crore as compared to the loss of `141 crore
(figure restated) of 2021-22.
Key Financial Highlights:
(` in crore)
PARTICULARS 2021-22 2022-23
Total Income 3,363.70 5,152.24
Operating Margin 132.42 632.91
Profit After Tax (-) 140.87 278.93
Net Worth 1,473.77 1,792.44

Train Operating Performance:

a. On an average, forty six passenger carrying trains per day were run
on this single line section during the year 2022-23. Presently forty six
(46) pairs of Mail/Express and four (04) pairs of passenger trains are
running over Konkan Railway. In addition to this, 629 Nos of special
trains were run during summer, Ganpati, Diwali, winter, Anganewadi
yatra & Holi festival to clear extra rush of passengers during the year
2022-23. Besides this, 1529 nos. of other special trains were run during

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 127

 the year including FTR special, Election special, Military special etc.
Highest ever Coaching earnings of `975.10 crore (Passenger and other
coaching revenue) was achieved during the year which is 61.75% more
than previous year’s `602.83 crore.
b. On the freight front, on an average, 17 freight trains were run per day
including Roll on - Roll off (RORO) services during the financial year
2022-23. The freight revenue during the financial year was `746.41
crore, which is 37% higher than that of previous year’s `543.15 crore,
and it is the highest ever.
c. Operationalization of Indo-Nepal Cross Border Railway: Nepal
Railway Company has engaged the Corporation for Operations &
Maintenance support for a period of one year. As part of this agreement,
Konkan Railway carried out operations & maintenance of trainsets,
provided training of Nepal Railway employees, supplied expert
manpower and minimum equipment, created basic systems for railway
operations and provided technical support for maintenance of track and
signaling systems. This is the first ever International Project of KRCL
in Railway Operation & Maintenance. The operationalization of Indo-
Nepal Cross Border Railway between Jaynagar and Kurtha stations of
Nepal Railway has been started by KRCL from 03.04.2022 with two
up and two down train services every day with inauguration of train
services on 02.04.2022. Konkan Railway has successfully completed
one year contract awarded by Nepal Railway Company (NRCL) for
Operationalisation of cross border Rail link between Jaynagar (India)
and Kurtha (Nepal). During this period, Konkan Railway operated 528
DEMU services with 100% punctuality.

Project Performance:
a. Udhampur-Srinagar-Baramula Rail Link (USBRL PROJECT,
J&K):- The Corporation has completed 44.36 km tunnel excavation,
out of total 44.59 km while constructing Katra-Dharam Section of
Uddhampur-Srinagar-Baramulla Rail Link (USBRL) Project. 2,343
m of tunnel excavation, 9,504 m of Tunnel Lining and 5,202 MT
of launching have been completed during the year. A turnover of
`3,135.15 crore (excluding GST) was achieved as compared to
`1,997.88 crore (excluding GST) of the previous year 2021-22, which
is the highest ever. On 26th March 2023, Motor Trolley Inspection of
the Iconic Chenab Bridge was conducted marking the completion of
the most challenging part of the whole USBRL project.
b. Anakkampoyil - Kalladi- Meppadi Tunnel Road Project:
Government of Kerala has assigned KRCL as Special Purpose Vehicle
(SPV) for the execution of the Anakkampoyil – Kalladi – Meppadi
Road Tunnel Project. A Tripartite Agreement has been signed
between Konkan Railway, Public Works (H) Department and Kerala
Infrastructure Investment Fund Board (KIIFB) to implement the project.
KRCL has prepared DPR for Twin Tube unidirectional Tunnel with 4

128 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 lane approach road and two parallel major bridges at southern end
at an estimated cost of `2,043.74 crore. Administrative sanction for
DPR from Government of Kerala has been received. Comprehensive
Environmental Study, Land acquisition and Tender process are in
progress.
c. Rail connectivity to Vizhinjam International Seaport, Kerala:
MOU has been signed between KRCL and Vizhinjam International
Seaport Ltd (VISL) to link the Vizhinjam Seaport (11 km). The Detailed
Project Report (DPR) with an estimated cost of `980.935 crore has been
approved by Southern Railway under NGR model. Land acquisition
for the project is in progress.
d. Final Location Survey for Raxaul – Kathmandu new Electrified
BG Line: East Central Railway had awarded Final Location Survey
work for new BG Line (136 Km) between Raxaul (India) and Kathmandu
(Nepal) to Konkan Railway. Traverse Survey, Topographic Survey,
Geological Mapping & Field Survey are completed for full stretch. FLS
Report has been approved by East Central Railway. Project Evaluation
Committee / Gatishakti, Railway Board, has accepted the report and
recommended to take the project forward.
e. Tata Chemicals Magadi Limited (Kenya): Konkan Railway
signed a contract with M/s. Tata Chemicals Limited, Magadi, Kenya
on 24.12.2022 for Rehabilitation of Railway Systems including Track,
Locomotives and Rolling stock. The work on this project has already
been started and First Report has been submitted. This will be the first
International Project in African continent by Konkan Railway after
successful performance in Nepal.
RailTel Corporation of India Limited (RailTel)
RailTel Corporation of India Ltd. (Mini Ratna Category-1 CPSU),
was formed on 26th September 2000 to facilitate Railways in expeditiously
modernizing train operation and safety systems by providing state of art
communication network infrastructure to Indian Railways through an
internal entity. The PSU started functioning with a hand full of talented,
experienced and motivated Signalling & Telecommunication engineers of
Indian Railways.
Over the years, it has grown from a small entity to one of the largest
secure Neutral Telecom Services Provider in the country and an ICT service
provider. It has two UPTIME, USA certified Tier-III Data centers and MeitY
empaneled Railcloud. The biggest USP of RailTel is its ownership of a Pan
India 61,000+ RKM of optic fibre network with access network of 21,000+
KM, including North Eastern States covering all important towns & cities
and several rural areas. RailTel occupies a proud place with its unparalleled
networking high bandwidth backbone segment. The network has the ability
to provide mission critical customized connectivity platform for enhanced
efficiency and growth. Presently this network is available at more than 800
cities in multiple rings of STM-64/16. RailTel Corporation of India Ltd.

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 129

 RailTel Network has capability of service delivery from 2mbps to
800Gbps links and comprises of various technologies viz. Next generation
Network (NGN), Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH), Packet Transport
Network (PTN), Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM), Internet
Protocol-Multi Protocol Label Switching (IP-MPLS) which are maintained
round the clock by Network Operation Centers and trained field manpower.
All the equipment provided on the network is of State-of-the-Art Technology
Security Operation Centre, RailTel
and are as per International Telecom Standards. Additionally, RailTel is
actively considering establishing another state-of-the-art data center in
Noida in PPP mode. Additionally, the company is deploying edge data
centers at multiple locations within railway premises/land, with a specific
emphasis on needs of Tier-2 and Tier-3 cities. These initiatives are being
pursued in collaboration with industry partners under a robust Public-
Private Partnership (PPP) model
The company has diversified into many fields offering a bundle of
services viz. Internet Bandwidth, leased lines, Tower Co-location, HD Video
Conferencing service, MPLS-VPN services, Data Centre services such as
Co-location Hosting, Managed Services, Cloud computing Services, Data
recovery services e-office implementation, HMIS (Hospital Management
Information System), Security Operation Centre as a service (SOCaaS) &
IT enabled services etc. to private and Government clients.

Financial Performance
Despite extremely competitive market scenario, RailTel has achieved
a record-breaking total income of `2,002 crore, marking a remarkable 27%
growth compared to the previous financial year’s income of `1,578 crore.
During the year 2022-23, the company’s operating revenue experienced a
significant surge of 27%, reaching a turnover of `1,964 crore, as opposed
to `1,548 crore in the preceding financial year. RailTel has made payments
of `42 crore as revenue share to Indian Railways and `77 crore to the
Department of Telecommunications (DoT) for license fees. The company
has also paid `1.50 per share as interim dividend which is 15% of the paid
up share capital to all our shareholders. Further, the Board has proposed
final dividend of `1.05 per share which is 10.5% of the paid up share capital.
With a revamped approach and focused efforts, the company is confident
in achieving improved financial results and further strengthening its position
in the industry.

Focus Areas
Hospital Management Information System (HMIS)
RailTel has completed the work of providing Hospital Management
Information System over 709 Hospitals/Health Units/ polyclinics of IR. This
is integrated clinical information system for improved hospital administration
and patient health care for providing an accurate, electronically stored
medical record.

130 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 The features of the software include customizing clinical data according
to the departments and laboratories, multi hospital feature that provide
cross consultation, seamless interface with medical and other equipments.
The patients will have the benefit of accessing all their medical records on
their mobile device. To minimize footfall at Railway hospitals/ Health units
for generic treatments, a tele-consultation app and HMIS beneficiary app
has been developed and integrated with the (HMIS). The beneficiary app
enables the medical beneficiaries to access their medical record at a single Fast, Free RailWire Wi-Fi, RailTel
point. Railway HMIS has also been integrated with Ayushman Bharat Digital
Mission (ABDM).

Station Wi-Fi
RailTel is transforming Railway stations into Digital hubs by providing
public Wi-Fi at all railway stations. 6,108 stations are live with RailTel’s
RailWire Wi-Fi including 15 Station of Kashmir valleys. This is one of
the largest and fastest public Wi-Fi networks of the world. Passengers
use this facility for streaming High Definition (HD) Videos, download of
movies, songs, games, and do their office work online. Out of the stations
commissioned 70% are in rural areas which are bringing free high-speed
Wi-Fi services in the vicinity of a major chunk of rural population.

Security Operation Centre

With world going digital, it is becoming increasingly important to
safeguard data from cyber security threats. To provide a centralized and
consolidated cyber security solution to organizations, the company has set
up a Security Operation Centre (SoC) at Gurugram. It provides onsite and
offsite cyber security incident prevention and security event monitoring
services. RailTel's Security Operations Centre as a Service (SOCaaS)
proactively addresses the increasing threat to Data Security with detection
and response capabilities.

E-office in Indian Railways

RailTel started implementation of e-office over IR to bring more
efficient, effective and transparent government transactions and processes.
E-Office is a Cloud Enabled Software Application developed by NIC, hosted
at RailTel Tier-III Certified Data Centre at Secunderabad with Disaster
recovery at Gurugram. E-Office has been implemented in 236 Units of
Indian Railways. As on date, more than 1.54+ lakh users of Indian Railways
are using e-Office Application. E-office has proven to be a boon in a crisis
time and a part of Railway workforce was able to WORK FROM HOME,
which would have been impossible in case of manual filing system. The
Company has also provided this service to other PSUs such as DFCCIL,
IRCON, RVNL, IRCTC and CWC etc.

HD Video Conference
RailTel’ offers an end-to-end, full high-definition video conferencing
service that gives users a virtual, face-to-face meeting experience. Before
adoption of Video Conference Service, Indian Railways were spending

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 131

 huge amount of money/man hours for meetings /events, now a number of
travels for meetings/events has dropped drastically saving man hour, travel
& lodging expenses. This has also helped in saving significant amount of
carbon footprint. The success is a result of the significant ease of use & 24X7
customer responsiveness of the RailTel team vis-a-vis the challenges faced
with other service providers.

Video Surveillance System (VSS)

RailTel - Fast Tracking Digital
Transformations RailTel is also executing provision of IP camera-based Video
Surveillance System at 5000+ railway stations. This will go a long way in
enhancing the safety and security of the passengers travelling over the IR
network. RailTel is also integrating the various standalone video surveillance
system installed at various stations by respective Zonal Railways so that the
video recordings can be seen and monitored at the Divisional and Zonal
head quarter level centrally.

Tunnel Radio Communication

RailTel is executing the work of installing state-of-the- art Integrated
Tunnel Radio Communication System at a number of crucial Railway
tunnels in difficult terrains to improve operational safety. Currently,
RailTel is executing this system for different sections of various Railways.
Communication inside the tunnels is interrupted due to poor signal coverage,
which can hamper train operation & maintenance activities. This state-of-
the-art Integrated Tunnel communication system is designed to provide
uninterrupted radio communication between handheld radios inside tunnel,
to the base station at tunnel control rooms and Station Masters of adjacent
stations. The Technology being used in these projects is the first for Indian
Railways. This will improve train operation in these sections significantly.

Rail Wire –Retail Broadband Service

It is a collaborative model in partnership with local entrepreneurs &
local cable operators for providing Last Mile Connectivity. There are more
than 5.45 lakh + RailWire broadband customers in the SMEs/household
segment. Using the Point of Presence (PoP) of existing station Wi-Fi at
rural stations, the company is extending the service to a number of nearby
villages and towns.

Data Center & RailCloud

RailTel has two UPTIME (USA) certified Tier-III Data Centers
at Secunderabad and Gurugram & a MeitY Empaneled “RailCloud”.
Company offers a host of Data Centre & Cloud services like Colocation
Services, Managed services, Cloud Computing, Managed e-Office, Aadhaar
Authentication Services, Dedicated Solutions etc, from these two state-of-
the-Art Data Centres with combined total gross capacity of more than 6000
Sq.ft Server Farm area.

Modernization of Signaling System

RailTel Enterprises ltd, a wholly owned subsidiary of RailTel

132 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

Corporation of India Ltd., has been awarded the work of replacement of old
mechanical signaling equipment with state-of the-art electronic interlocking
system at 26 stations of Northern Railway. The new Electronic Interlocking
signaling system will now enable lowering the signal and changing of tracks
by click of a mouse and will enhance safety and improve efficiency of train
operation.

Centre of Excellence – For Training in Signaling and Cyber

Security
In order to ensure the availability of competent and skilled manpower
in the field of Railway Signalling, RailTel has set up a Centre of Excellence
(CoE). The CoE will offer a range of certification and diploma courses
in collaboration with esteemed institutions such as IITs and IIMs. These
courses will cover fundamental concepts of Kavach, advanced designing of
KAVACH’s Station, RFID network, onboard equipment, and Cyber Security.

Corporate Social Responsibility

RailTel is dedicated to making a positive impact on society through our
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives. RailTel’s CSR endeavours
primarily focus on areas such as health, nutrition, education, economic
empowerment of women, and sustainability. In FY 2022-23, the company
allocated an amount of `436.87 lakh towards various CSR projects. Thus,
RailTel aims to contribute to the betterment of society and create meaningful
and sustainable change in the lives of those in need.

Indian Railway Catering And Tourism Corporation Limited

(IRCTC)
IRCTC, founded on 27th September, 1999 as a wholly owned
Government of India enterprise under the administrative control of the
Ministry of Railways, is the only entity mandated to provide railway tickets,
catering services to Railways, and packaged drinking water with tourism
and hospitality services over Indian Railways network.
The NGeT System's outstanding performance and success is another
break through to the IRCTC's commitment to innovation and technological
advancement. The magnificent growth, efficiency, and seamless experience
of the system have enabled millions of people to access affordable and
convenient online ticketing service, further solidifying its status as a leading
e-commerce website in Asia and India.
During the year 2022-23, a total amount of `54,313.46 crores were
collected as Ticket Fare from the users as E-ticketing revenue, which is
42.26% more than the last year’s collection of `38,178.32 crore.
A total of 4313.00 lakh tickets have been booked in 2022-23 as
compared to 4,174.49 lakh in 2021-22. In total, 7,706.40 lakh passengers
got booked on E-Tickets in 2022-23 as compared to 7,343.26 lakh
passengers in 2021-22.

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 133

 The core activities of the Company are detailed below:
Internet Ticketing
IRCTC has been the pioneer of internet based railway ticketing in the
country. Today, the company’s website www.irctc.co.in is the most visited
e-commerce site in the entire South East Asia.
In the financial year 2022-23, the IRCTC Website and Mobile App
recorded an average daily ticket sale of 11.82 lakh tickets, representing an
increase from the previous financial year's average of 11.44 lakh tickets.
IRCTC Rail Connect Mobile App Bookings - Total 9.95 crore
Mobile App (on Android & iOS) Downloads till 31st March, 2023. The
average Mobile App bookings during 2022-23 were 5.60 Lakh tickets
per day, as compared to 5.25 Lakh tickets in 2021-22. 47.35% of IRCTC
e-Tickets have been booked through IRCTC Rail Connect Mobile App
during FY 2022-23.
IRCTC has developed a dedicated website to maintain the e-ticketing
system along with the Warrant Management System for booking of e-tickets
through this portal to travel in trains in a hassle-free manner. Giving further
impetus to this progress e-ticketing service for Indo–Tibetan Border Police
(ITBP) has been launched on 09-02-2023. Presently, it is serving Seven
Central Paramilitary Forces, namely NSG, CRPF, NDRF, AR, CISF, BSF and
ITBP.

Kolkata Metro Rail Corporation Limited (KMRCL)

Kolkata Metro Rail Corporation (KMRC) was formed in 2008 to
implement East-West Metro Corridor, Kolkata Project as an ‘SPV’ with
50:50 Equity Partnership of Government of India and Government of West
Bengal. Later in Aug, 2012, project was transferred to Ministry of Railways
(MoR) in equity partnership of 74:26 in between MoR and Ministry of Urban
Development (MoUD), Government of India.
Project in brief
Project was sanctioned by Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs
(MoHUA), Government of India in Feb, 2009 for a length of 14.67 Km
from Salt Lake Sector-V to Howrah Maidan for `4,874.58 crore. Due to
land acquisition and R&R issue at Central station and traffic blockade in
Mahakaran area, the work was completely stopped from Dec., 2012 to
Aug, 2015. Realignment of the route was done in Aug, 2015 increasing
project length by 1.88 Km and Station at Esplanade in new route. The
present Project length is revised to 16.55 kms after realignment. Revised
Cost Estimate due to realignment & other changes amounting to `8,574.98
crore was sanctioned in Oct, 2020. For completion of project, proposed
Revised Cost Estimate amounting to `10,442.41 crore submitted to Railway
Board for sanction. Some of the unique features of this corridor are:-
• 1st transportation tunnel under any mighty river in India

134 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 • Corridor connects major terminals Howrah & Sealdah, North -
South metro line with upcoming Joka Esplanade Metro Line at
Esplanade Metro Station
• Howrah Metro Station is one of the deepest metro stations in India
• Deepest Metro Escape shaft of India at Strand Road
• Institution of Civil Engineers, UK/ICE had recognized this project
among 200 global projects which had significant impacts in making
people lives better.
Salient features of the project
SN Item Details
1 Project length 16.55Km [Elevated : 5.74 Km & Underground : 10.81Km]
2 Stations 12 Nos. [Elevated-6 Nos. & Underground - 6 Nos.]
3 Gauge Standard Gauge : 1,435mm
4 Speed Design speed - 90 KMPH, Operational Speed - 80 KMPH
5 Rolling Stock 2.88m wide 6 – Car train [BEML manufactured under
Make in India], Max. train capacity 2068 passengers
6 Traction System 750 Volt DC, Current collection: Third Rail [Top]
7 Signalling Communication Based Train Control [CBTC: Onboard
System Signal]
8 Traffic forecast Daily Ridership 7.5 lakhs passenger per day in the year
2025
9 Special features Platform Screen Door/ Gates for fall protection, Divyang
friendly [wheel chair space in train], NBC -2016 & NFPA
compliant for Life & Fire Safely
10 Depot Central Park [ At grade] in 39 Acres

Physical Progress
Out of 16.55 Km of the corridor, 9.30 Km from Salt Lake Sector-V
to Sealdah has already opened for the public in Phase-I. Remaining 7.25
Km of Underground Section will be completed in Phase-II. The details are
as under:
Phase-II Balance Section Length Target
II A Howrah Maidan - Esplanade [Underground 4.80 Km Jan'2024
station - 04 nos. Howrah Maidan, Howrah,
Mahakaran & Esplanade]
II B Esplanade – Sealdah 2.45 Km June'2024

Key Financial Highlights:

Particulars (` in crore)
Estimated Budget 8,574.98
Proposed Revised Budget 10,442.41
Expenditure for the FY 2023-24 (upto Nov., 2023) 286.49
Expenditure since inception of the Project 8,889.01

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 135

 KMRCL is mandated for construction of 16.55 km East-West Metro
Corridor Project, Kolkata. The operation of the completed Metro project
rests upon Metro Railway, a Zonal Railway under Ministry of Railways.
KMRCL does not earn any revenue and therefore, does not earn any profit
and no dividend is paid too.

Challenges faced during construction

This project faces unique engineering challenge due to Kolkata’s
soft ground conditions, tunneling below Hooghly river, busy railway yards
(Howrah station yard), Bankim Setu, Brabourne Road flyover, Sealdah
Flyover, existing North South Metro Station at Esplanade and densely
populated urban environment and under old building area. Several
milestones have been achieved like tunneling under River Hooghly which
is the 1st transportation tunnel in India under any mighty river. The
underground station at Howrah and Intermediate Ventilation Shaft at Stand
Road is one of the deepest Metro station and Ventilation Shaft respectively.

Benefits of East West Metro Project

This corridor connects major terminus at Howrah & Sealdah and
also connects existing North South Metro and Joka- BBD Bag project at
Esplanade station. Kolkata East West Metro Project itself is a modern, safe,
eco-friendly mass transportation system which will eradicate the vehicular
pollution, to reduce traffic congestion, travel time, carbon footprints and road
accidents in the city of Kolkata and surrounding urban areas to a great extent
and will also promote regional economic growth & urban environment. It
will boost up the mass transport scenario of the region providing a fast train
communication across river for the twin cities of Howrah and Kolkata.

Rail Vikas Nigam Limited (RVNL)

RVNL is embarking on a new journey with Quality, Speed and
Transparency, the three hallmarks of our existence. Over the years, it is
consistently endeavored to foster transparency across all our business
operations. This has helped us earn the trust of our clients and stakeholders
and enabled us to establish strong partnerships with them. While we strive
to deliver projects on time, we also ensure that our projects meet the highest
quality standards. Our efforts have been recognised, with us receiving
Navratna status on May 1, 2023.
Adopting an asset-light model, we have gained a robust financial
track record. Following a turnkey approach, innovative execution models,
and efficient contract management practices, we have also gained a strong
order book with a large share of projects under execution. We undertake all
stages of project development and execution, underscoring our expertise in
translating concepts into commissioning.
As per the Financial Year 2022-23, RVNL has a strong foothold with
Strategic Rail Projects under Construction 30 Project Implementation Units (PIUs) across India, including 1 in Maldives
Rishikesh-Karanprayag New Rail Link and have 425 Total Workforce.
Project-125 Km

136 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

Impressive Physical & Financial Performance
Financial Performance
In 2022-23, RVNL increased its expenditure on project execution
from `19,381.71 crore to `20,281.57 crore thus crossing the coveted
milestone of `20,000 crore, which excludes the element of `3343.47 crore
as GST. This reflects an increase of 4.64%. Profit before Tax increased from
`1406.10 crore in 2021- 22 crore to `1644.38 crore in 2022-23, and Profit
Joka Taratala Section (6.5 km), a part of
After Tax (PAT) of the Company is at `1267.41 crore, showing an increase Joka-Esplanade Metro Corridor (14.21 km)
of 16.57 % over the previous year. In view of the improved financial
performance, the Directors of your Company have recommended/paid
payment of the highest ever dividend (Interim and Final) of `444.11 crore
for 2022-2023, compared to `329.43 crore in the previous year. As a result,
the effective management fee of RVNL got reduced from 8.5% to 6.58%,
with this, the cumulative Dividend paid to the Ministry stands at `1826.34
crore (excluding `75.06 crore towards final dividend recommended by the
Board of Directors to the Shareholders). The success journey continues in
the financial year 2023-24.

Physical Performance
During the year, RVNL again crossed 1000 km commissioning
benchmark for New Lines, Doublings and Gauge Conversion. 1343.30 km
of project length was commissioned consisting of 119 km of New Line,
925.00 km of Doubling and 299.3 km of Railway Electrification. These
were handed over to Zonal Railways for operations. Additionally, Railway
Electrification of 655 km was also carried out as part of Doubling.

Doubling / New Line / Gauge Conversion

During 2022-23, 863.02 km project length was completed including
67.06 km of New Line, 497.88 km of Doubling, 271.12 km of Railway
Electrification and 26.96 km of Metropolitan Transport Project (MTP).
In addition, Railway Electrification of 334.59 km was also carried out
as part of Doubling. During the year, eight important projects were fully
commissioned. These are:
a. Sambalpur-Titlagarh (182 km)
b. Bhimsen-Jhansi (206 km) with RE
c. Daund- Gulbarga- Doubling (224.9 km)
d. Pune- Guntakal -Electrification (641.37 km)
e. Vijaywada - Gudivada - Bhimavaram - Narasapur, Gudivada-
Machlipatnam and BhimavaramNidadavolu (221 km) - Doubling
with electrification
f. Bina -Kota (282.66 km) with electrification, Palanpur- Samakhiali
(247.73 km)
Railway Electrification
RVNL commissioned 299.3 Route km (681.6 Track km) of pure
Railway Electrification works on important routes. Apart from pure RE

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 137

 work, 655 km of RE was also commissioned with the doubling projects.
Thus, 924.30 km of electrified sections were commissioned in 2022-23.
Railway Electrification of Sambalpur-Titlagarh Doubling project (96.596
km) & Palanpur- Samakhiali (247.73 km) project was fully commissioned
during the year.

Signalling & Telecom

Signaling & Telecommunication (S&T) domain is a core expertise of
providing signalling solutions for efficient and safe operation of trains on
Indian Railways.
RVNL is a major contributor in providing EI installations on Indian
Railways in connection with most complicated projects of Doubling, 3rd
Line, New Line and Gauge Conversion. Keeping its tradition high, during
FY 2022-23, RVNL has commissioned 93 new EI/PIs installations on Indian
Railways. Apart from new EIs; RVNL has commissioned Alterations in 53
Els/PIs installations on Indian Railways.
RVNL has also commissioned many Major Yard remodellings of
Bhatinda RRI Station (717 signaling routes), Kota station (534 signaling
routes), Garwha Road station (336 signaling routes), Titlagarh (254 signaling
routes), VKT station (249 signaling routes), ANB station (192 routes) & PGU
station (177 routes) thus manifesting its technical + managerial capability.
RVNL executed 146 Non-Interlocking (NIs) of stations for
commissioning of Doubling & 3rd Line projects during the year. RVNL also
commissioned the high number of 52 IBS/Auto signals and Interlocking
of 46 midsection level crossing gates. Not only on the Signalling front,
but RVNL also had the incredible achievement in telecommunication by
providing 1350 km of Fibre Optic Network and 6 Quad Cable network
during the year.

Corporate Social Responsibility

RVNL is conscious of its social responsibility. During 2022-23, the
Company spent `26.26 crore on CSR initiatives, which is more than 2
percent of PBT for the last three proceedings Financial Years i.e. `23.68
crore. `22.13 lakh set off in pursuance of sub-rule (3) of rule 7 of the
Companies (CSR Policy) Rules, 2014 due to excess expenditure more than
2 percent in last financial 2021-22. Thus, CSR liabilities of RVNL in FY
2022-23 was `23.46 crore. The main focus of the Company is in the areas
of education, health, and sanitation.

Awards & Accolades

RVNL has won numerous Awards in the recent past, to list a few:
• Outstanding Achievement Award in the Construction Safety
Category in 21st Greentech Safety Awards 2023.
• Best CFO Infrastructure Award in Mid Cap 2023 category to
Director (Finance) RVNL.

138 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 • Operational Performance Excellence Award in PSE Excellence
Awards 2023.
• Won Quality Innovation Award during Institution of Engineers
India Ltd. 2023.
• SKOCH Gold Award 2023 for Excellent Physical and Financial
Performance.
Rail Land Development Authority (RLDA)
Railway Land Development Authority
Rail Land Development Authority (RLDA) is a statutory Authority,
under the Ministry of Railways, set-up by an Amendment to the Railways
Act, 1989, for development of Railway Land as entrusted by the Central
Government for commercial use, for the purpose of generating revenue by
non-tariff measures. RLDA has been constituted in terms of Extraordinary
Gazette Notification dated 31.10.2006, as amended on 05.01.2007. The
Rules for functioning of RLDA have also been notified in the Extraordinary
Gazette dated 04.01.2007.

Functions of RLDA
In terms of Section 4(D), RLDA has to discharge functions and exercise
such powers of the Central Government. In relation to the development of
Railway land as are specifically assigned to it by the Railway Board. In terms
of section 4(E) of the Act, specifically subject to such directions as may be
given to it by Central Government, RLDA has been empowered to enter
into agreement on behalf of Central Government and execute contracts.
In terms of section 24 of RLDA (Constitution) Rule 2007, the Authority
may set up any special purpose vehicle, joint venture or other legal entities
for the performance of all or any of its functions under the Act with the
approval of Central Government.

Business of the Authority

Commercial Development of Vacant Railway Land
During the year 2022-23, total earning of `508.54 crore has been
realized by RLDA. Sites for commercial development are entrusted to RLDA
by the Ministry of Railways. Till the beginning of 2022-23, net 122 sites
were entrusted. During 2022-23 15 no. of new sites were entrusted and 11
sites were de-entrusted, making net total 126 sites available to RLDA for
Commercial Development till 2022-23.
Besides commercial sites, 18 stadium and 4 Railway lines (Darjeeling
Himalayan Railway, Kalka Shimla Railway, Neral-Matheran Railway, &
Nilgiri Mountain Railway) have also been entrusted to RLDA for Commercial
Development.
During 2022-23, 16 nos. Letters of Acceptance (LOA) for commercial
sites have been issued. Out of these LOA of 3 sites (i.e., 1. Bhusawal along
Station Road, 2. Walltex Road Chennai, and 3. Good Luck Colony Solapur)
have been cancelled on account of non-payment of 1st installment of lease
premium by selected bidder.

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 139

 In the beginning of the year 2022-23, total 24 commercial sites were
awarded. During the year 2022-23 total 16 sites were awarded. But, 3 sites
awarded in 2022-23 and 2 sites awarded earlier have been cancelled during
the year. Thus, on date total awarded commercial sites are 35.
Redevelopment of Railway Colony
Till the beginning of 2022-23, net 84 sites were entrusted. During
2022-23, 20 nos. of new colony sites were entrusted, making net total 104
colony redevelopment sites available to RLDA for colony redevelopment till
2022-23.
In the beginning of the year 2022-23, total 4 Colony redevelopment
sites were awarded. During the year 2022-23, total 09 sites were awarded.
01 site awarded in 2022-23 has been cancelled during the year. Thus, on
date total awarded colony redevelopment sites are 12.
Two Colonies Matunga Road Railway Colony and WA Colony at
Mumbai are under Dharavi Re-development Project for which Lease
Deed Agreement with Government of Maharashtra has been entered on
18.10.2022. Besides this, during 2022-23, LOA for 9 colonies namely 1.
Egmore Colony, Chennai, 2. Bhopal West Colony, 3. Ludhiana Colony
No 13, 4. Jhusi Colony, Pryagraj 5. Ramgarh Tal Colony Gorakhpur, 6.
Brahmpur Colony Mujjafarpur, 7. Kannur Colony, 8. Choupla Colony
Bareilly, and 9. Barrack Colony New Jalpaiguri have been awarded out
of which LOA for Jhusi Colony, Pryagraj has been cancelled on account
of non-payment of 1st installment lease premium by selected bidder. So
far Architectural consultancy work for 89 colonies have been awarded,
Marketing & Valuation Consultancy for 64 colonies have also been awarded.
Construction of Multi-Functional Complexes (MFCs)
Land for MFCs is leased to PSUs on 30 to 45 years lease on revenue
sharing model. However, RLDA adopted combination model (upfront
Lease Premium and fixed Annual Lease Rent model) for development
through private developers for which bidders are selected through open
competitive and transparent bidding process. In all, MFCs were assigned to
PSUs for development [IRCON (24), RITES (14), and RVNL (02)], out of
these, 24 MFCs have been commissioned by IRCON. However, as per the
directions of the Railway Board, 14 MFC Buildings completed by RITES
have been handed over back to Railways without any cost. RVNL has also
handed over 02 nos MFCs to concerned Zonal Railways. RLDA has been
entrusted 123 MFCs for development through private developers. Out of
these, 53 MFCs have been awarded; and on account of poor viability in
Technical & Financial context, Railway Board has been requested vide letter
dtd. 11.03.2021 to withdraw 39 MFC sites from RLDA.
Redevelopment of Stations
104 stations have been entrusted to RDA for redevelopment (out of
which work of 02 stations have been completed, work is in progress at 13,
DPR prepared and handed over to Zonal Railways in 49 stations, tenders
have been invited/to be invited at 04 stations and planning of 32 stations is
in progress. Further, 04 stations have been proposed for dropping.

140 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Limited
(DFCCIL)
About DFCCIL
Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Limited (DFCCIL)
is a public sector undertaking under the administrative control of the
Government of India (Ministry of Railways). The golden quadrilateral and
the diagonal linking the four major metropolitan cities of Delhi, Mumbai, Yamuna Bridge, Prayagraj, DFCCIL
Chennai and Kolkata are strategically crucial to Indian Railways. This route
comprises 16% of the total route but, carries 52% of passenger traffic and
58% of freight traffic. The Eastern corridor (Kolkata-Delhi) and the Western
corridor (Mumbai-Delhi) were highly saturated. To ease congestion on
these routes, a Dedicated Freight Corridor (DFC) was developed. DFC was
formed to decongest the saturated road network and promote rail freight
transport while ensuring efficiency and enabling significant reduction of
Green House Gas (GHG) emissions. The total scope of Dedicated Freight
Corridors is 2,843 km route passing through 9 states.

Advantages of DFCCIL
• The unit cost of transport is expected to reduce significantly.
• DFC routes are constructed with double lines and are also provided
with automatic signalling; thereby more than 120 trains can be run
in each direction.
• Modal shift from Road to Rail. Initially, it is planned to divert
70% of the freight traffic running on the parallel routes of Indian
Railways and during the course of time, the road traffic will also get
diverted to rail as DFCs will provide a very efficient, economical,
safe and faster mode of transport.
• Industrial corridors are also coming up along the Eastern DFC and
Western DFC.
• Savings of 457 million tones of CO2 emission over a 30-year
period. It will help in achieving net zero carbon emissions by 2070.
Significant Achievements of the Year 2022-23
DFCCIL successfully commissioned 2,089 Route km of DFC
Network out of the planned 2,843 Route km. This milestone significantly
enhances the connectivity between the ports of Gujarat and Northern India
through the vital feeder routes of Indian Railways.

Highlights
Two important sections of DFC – New Palanpur-Madar section (353
km) of WDFC on 18.06.2022 and New Palanpur- Mahesana Section (75
km) of WDFC on 30.09.2022 were dedicated to the nation. These sections
are critical links for connecting parts of Western India to the northern part
and provide faster access.
812 km (28.6%) of DFC sections were completed and commissioned
during FY 2022-23. Important sections are as mentioned below:-

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 141

 • Rewari-Dadri (127 km) of WDFC.
• Palanpur-Sanand North (Including Palanpur Connecting Line)
(152 km) section of WDFC.
• Khurja-Dadri (46 km) Broad Gauge Double Line electrified section
of EDFC, which facilitates seamless train operation between EDFC
& WDFC.
• Bhaupur-Bhimsen (50 km) Broad Gauge Double Line electrified
Operation Control Centre (OCC),
section of EDFC.
Ahmedabad • Shujatpur-New Ahruara Road (195 km) Broad Gauge Double
Line electrified section of EDFC.
• Khurja-Khatauli (134 km) Broad Gauge Single Line section of
EDFC.
• Bhestan-Sanjan Broad Gauge Double Line electrified section (108
km) of WDFC with high-rise OHE.
• State-of-the-art Operations Control Central (OCC) of WDFC was
commissioned at Ahmedabad on 30.03.2023.
Progress of Works
In the FY 2022-23, 75 Major Bridges, 13 Rail Fly Overs (RFO) & 36
Rail Over Bridges (ROB) were completed.
• Highest ever track linking with modern New Track Construction
(NTC) machine of 988 Tkm was done during the FY 2022-23
taking the cumulative linking to 5,151 Tkm.
• Highest ever OHE wiring of 1,343 Tkm was completed by
Mechanized Wiring Train in the FY 2022-23. Cumulative 4,454
Tkm OHE wiring has been completed till 31.03.2023.
• DFCCIL achieved CAPEX of `13,851.57 crore (including land)
during FY 2022-23 and a capex of `1,03,287.57 crore as on
31.03.2023.
Land Acquisition
For FY 2022-23, the total land acquisition for EDFC was 24,170 Ha,
WDFC 46,452 Ha and for Sonnagar- Dankuni 35,860 Ha. The cumulative
land acquisition for EDFC was 4,743.5 Ha, WDFC – 6,081.45 ha, and
Sonnagar – Dankuni – 1,191.95 Ha respectively.
Operations
In FY 2022-23, the Company successfully operated an average of
170 trains per day. The number of trains per day witnessed a significant
increase. In FY 2022-23, the Company achieved a substantial 134 million
gross ton-kilometers (GTKM) & 61.2 million Net ton-kilometers (NTKM).
• DFC Speeds: DFC has achieved impressive average speeds, with
the highest recorded at 99.82 kmph. In the fiscal year 2022-23, the
EDFC maintained an average speed of 52 kmph, while the WDFC
closely followed with an average speed of 51 kmph. These speeds
exemplify the efficiency and effectiveness of the DFC in facilitating
freight transportation.

142 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 • Improved Freight Speed and Congestion Alleviation:
DFC significantly enhances freight traffic's average speed while
concurrently relieving congestion on IR tracks. This translates into
more Passenger trains & improved train punctuality, particularly
on highly congested routes.
• Higher carrying capacity: The existing track structure of Indian
Railways allows trains with 20.32/22.9 Tones axle load. The track
structure of DFC is designed for carrying axle load of 25T, which Double Stack Container Train run on
can be further upgraded to 32.5 Tones axle load. The maximum WDFC
moving dimension on DFC is also greater than that on Indian
Railways. Therefore, bigger wagons with higher carrying capacity
can be run over DFC.
As on date, 17 Rail connectivity projects are getting linked with
the DFC network. 33 Goods shed (26-WDFC, 7-EDFC) have
been notified till now. EOI has been invited to develop Gati Shakti
Cargo Terminals (GCTs) at 112 stations of DFC and response has
been received for 28 locations. First GCT at Rewari has started.
Second GCT at New Bhaupur has been awarded.
• Development of industrial hubs: Delhi-Mumbai Industrial
Corridor along WDFC, connection to inland waterways & Amritsar-
Kolkata Industrial Corridor along the EDFC.
• Boost to export-import traffic: DFC connects the major
industrial hubs, mining areas and ports. Faster connectivity to and
fro these areas will give a boost to export-import traffic. A prime
example of it is in connectivity of West Coast Ports with National
Capital Region (NCR), where container traffic from ports on DFC
takes almost one-third of the time it used to take earlier. This
reduction in time can open the railway mode of transportation for
perishable commodities where time is the essence.
• Environmentally friendly mode of transport: Carbon
emission by train transportation is 28 gm. per NTKM, significantly
less than 64 gm. per NTKM for road transportation. This makes
rail transportation an eco-friendly option. In this process, DFC
contributes significantly to the environment by saving 457 million
tons of CO2 emissions in 30 years.
• Safe operations: There will be no level crossing (more than
861 LCs eliminated by 304 ROBs & 557 RUBs) along the DFC's
alignment, making it much safer for people commuting and dwelling
around railway tracks. Advance signalling and safety systems like
train protection systems are used on DFC for maintaining safe
operation.
• Innovative services: The Company has the potential to introduce
innovative services like Truck on trains (ToT), EMU-based parcel
express, refrigerated special trains for perishable commodities,
e-commerce special trains, triple stack dwarf containers services,
etc.

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 143

 Powerhouse rakes have moved on DFC alignment, ensuring
expeditious coal supply to thermal power plants and proving to be
instrumental in starving off the power crisis and reducing mandatory
reserve levels. Effective asset monitoring is done by the Company through
innovative Section Availability Performance on a daily basis. To improve
efficiency, reduce downtime, and enhance the overall performance of the
system.
With improvement in mobility, assured & timely empty supply siding
DFC track passing through RFO in EDFC
and Goods sheds associated with DFC has shown significant improvement
in originating loading. Transit Times between Sonnagar and Dadri was 34
hours; but after connection of EDFC, transit time is in the range of 19-20
hours, an impressive reduction of 40% transit time. Essential commodities
movement to consumption centers has become speedy. Milk from Palanpur
to the NCR region which used to take about 24 hrs has been reduced to 16
hrs. (Reduction of approx. 30% of transit time) Transit time of EXIM traffic
to and fro NCR to Western ports has come down from about 72 hours to
24-28 hours.
Trucks on Train (ToT) loading: Iconic Trucks on Train (ToT)
service is operational on the Rewari Palanpur section of WDFC - 238 rakes
carrying 4845 Trucks with total earning of `14.91 crore (approx.), saving
11.62 lakh liters of Diesel (approx.), thereby saving the nation's foreign
currency and reducing approx. 3075 tonnes of CO2 emission. The carrying
of loaded and empty trucks on flat rail wagons will enable door to door
service piggybacking on fast and safe movement on tracks. The benefits of
the Trucks on train service are reduced carbon emission: (28gm vs 64 gm
CO2 Emission/NTKM), less congestion on roads. Each ToT rake eliminates
45 trucks off road in one go. Less wear & tear of trucks resulting in reduced
expenditure on maintenance, generation of new mandays of work, savings
on diesel import bills are other benefits.
Business Development
DFCCIL is focusing on the expansion of new terminals in alignment
with the Gati Shakti MultiModal Cargo Terminal (GCT) Policy of the Indian
Railways, as part of the DFC network. This initiative involves the integration
of multiple rail connectivity projects from various organizations into the
DFCCIL network. Notably, there are two rail connectivity projects from
the National Industrial Corridor Development Corporation (NICDC), four
from the Container Corporation of India Limited (CONCOR), and 1 each
from Pristine Logistics and Navkar. All these projects are seamlessly being
incorporated into the DFC network.
DFCCIL is pursuing opportunities to tap into the vast potential of the
e-commerce sector within the realm of rail transportation. To achieve this
ambitious goal, the Company initiated a transformative process, by using
Indian Railways' converted old GS Coaches into state-of-the-art NMGHS
coaches.
DFCCIL has played a stellar role in adding 2089 RKm of Dedicated
Freight Track to the total routes of kms of Indian Railways (IR), boosting its
freight loading capacity and augmenting the passenger network by taking

144 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

over a major share of goods trains earlier running over IR network. It is
expected to play a pivotal role in improving freight transport within the
country, minimising transit time coupled with lower logistics costs and
contributing towards “Atma Nirbhar Bharat.”
Mumbai Railway Vikas Corporation Ltd. (MRVC)
Mumbai Railway Vikas Corporation Ltd (MRVC Ltd), is a PSU of Government
of India under Ministry of Railways (MOR), executing the Rail Component Nagpur Metro Floats Elevated Metro
of the Mumbai Urban Transport Project (MUTP). Viaduct on Phase II worth 260 Crores
Mumbai Urban Transport Project – I
MUTP I was sanctioned in Railway Budget 2003-04. It was successfully
completed in 2012 and its completion cost was `4,452 crore.
Major Infrastructural Inputs in MUTP Phase – I (Rail Component)
 Addition of 93 track Kms. (5th and 6th lines Kurla-Thane, 3rd and
4th lines Borivali-Virar)
 Induction of 101 new 9-car rakes (909 coaches)
 Resettlement & Rehabilitation of 15,857 Project affected
households.
 Running of 12-car rakes on all lines (excluding Harbour Line) by
extending the length of all platforms
 1,500 V DC to 25k V AC conversion on Central & Western Railway
– Traction conversion work on entire Western Railway.
Mumbai Urban Transport Project – II
Cost of the project is `8,087 crore the project is bifurcated into MUTP 2A
and 2B as follows
MUTP 2A – Completed. cost `4,803 crore Loan from World Bank
`1,727 crore.
S.No. Name of Work Executing Agency Status
1 EMU Procurement/Manufacture (ICF) MRVC/RDSO/ICF Completed
2 1500v DC to 25kV AC Conversion CR, MRVC Completed
3 EMU Maintenance Facilities & Stabling CR, WR, MRVC Completed
Lines
4 Trespass Control measures MRVC Completed

MUTP 2B – In progress. cost- `3,284 crore.

S.No. Name of Work Executing Completion Target /
Agency Status
1 Extension of Harbour Line MRVC Completed in
between Andheri-Goregaon December 2017
2 5th and 6th lines between Thane- MRVC Completed in February
Diva 2022
3 5th and 6th lines between CSTM- CR March 2025
Kurla
4 6th Line between BCT-Borivali WR March 2025
5 Resettlement and Rehabilitation MMRDA Along with project

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 145

 S.N. Name of the work Cost
(`in crore)
1 New Suburban Railway Corridor Panvel-Karjat (double line) 2,782
(28 Kms)
2 New Suburban corridor link between Airoli-Kalwa (elevated)on 476
Central Railway (4 Kms)
3 Quadrupling of the Virar-Dahanu Road on Western Railway 3,578
(31.5 Kms)
4 Procurement of Rolling Stock (565 coaches) 3,491
5 Trespass Control on mid-section 551

S.No. Name of the work Cost Executing

(`in crore) Agency
1 Extension of Harbour Line between 826 Western Railway
Goregaon-Borivali (7 rkm)
2 5th & 6th line between Borivali-Virar 2,184 MRVC
(26 rkm)
3 4th line between Kalyan-Asangaon (32 rkm) 1,759 Central Railway
4 3rd & 4th line between Kalyan-Badlapur 1,510 MRVC
(15 rkm)
5 Kalyan Yard - Segregation of Long distance 866 Central Railway
and Suburban Traf-fic
6 a) CBTC on CSMT-Panvel on Harbour 1,391 MRVC
Line and Trans Harbour
b) CBTC on CSMT-Kalyan on Central 2,166 MRVC
Railway
c) CBTC on CCG-VR on Western Railway 2,371 MRVC
7 Station Improvement – at 19 stations 947 MRVC
8 Procurement of Rolling Stock - 191 AC 15,802 MRVC/ICF/MCF
EMU rakes
9 Maintenance facilities for Rolling Stock 2,353 MRVC
10 Stabling Lines 557 CR & WR
11 Augmentation of Power Supply 708 CR & WR
Arrangement
12 Technical Assistance 250 MRVC
Grand Total 33,690

Braithwaite & Co. Limited

BBraithwaite & Co. Limited (BCL) is a Schedule – B, ‘Miniratna – I’
Heavy Engineering CPSE under Ministry of Railways. It is headquartered
in Kolkata, has set-ups at Delhi & Mumbai, 2 manufacturing units in and
around Kolkata and project sites across India. BCL has been a dominant
player in Railway Rolling Stock Industry in India, especially wagon
manufacturing, since decades. Its other major products & services include
repairing of wagons, civil construction & structural steel fabrication of
bridges, container manufacturing, operation & maintenance of Railway
workshop, manufacturing of cranes and their maintenance, steel castings
(Bogie, Coupler etc), wagon sub-assemblies etc.

146 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 Recently, BCL has further diversified into Railway Station development,
renewable energy sector for installation of solar PV plants and setting up of
a Welding Training Center. Being Pioneer in Crane & wagon Manufacturing
& Services, the Company is venturing to create Single Window service for
PSUs.
On the physical front, Company attained highest production of new
wagons & bogies and in financial front too, achieved highest ever Sales and
Profit during 2022-23, highlights of the same are as below:
Particulars 2021-22 2022-23
Revenue from Operations (` in crore) 764.14 1,043.30
Profit before Tax (` in crore) 46.43 64.03
Net Worth (` in crore) 150.59 200.32
New Wagon (Nos) 1,201 1,800
Bogie (Nos) 1,673 2,230
Major Achievements during 2022-23
• As enumerated above, BCL is continuing its journey of surpassing the
previous year’s achievements, recorded highest ever Sales, PBT & Net
Worth during the FY 2022-23.
• Achieved highest outturn of POH, NPOH & Corrosion repairing jobs
of 2005 Nos at Vadlapudi Workshop of Railways, since commencement
of the job outturns.
• BCL has secured total orders of `183 crore during the year and as on
31.03.2023, the total Order-in-hand is of `2,346 crore which is highest
ever.
• Entered into 2 major new business verticals in the following areas –
¾ Installation of 500 MW Solar Power Plant under MSKVY Scheme
of Government of Maharashtra and 10 MW Solar PV Power Plant
from DVC.
¾ Redevelopment of Vizag Railway Station on EPC Mode from
ECoR. Work initiated in this regard.
• Firmed up the new business line of manufacturing containers, executed
`12.13 crore in the year.
• Enhanced the diversified business of civil construction and bridges,
executed worth orders worth `27.51 crore in the year, against `5.68
crore of previous year.
• Expanded market for legacy business of Crane services and penetrated
deep into existing markets by taking up design and manufacture of
repairs and overhauls. Partnered with various PSUs, thus making BCL
a comprehensive Crane service provider.
• Entered in to Maritime Market by Commissioning Ship Launching
Cradles for HCSL yard, Howrah.
• Successfully developed the new design wagons – BLCS, BLSS.
• Implementation of e-procurement, with the customized utilization of
e-MSTC portal.
• Automated the facilities, by way of inducting Ind 4.0 compliant
machinery and CAPEX.

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 147

 Advisory Boards
Divisional/Zonal Railway Users’ Consultative Committee,
National Railway Users’ Consultative Council etc.

Railway Users' Consultative Committees, at different levels, provide

opportunities for formal consultations between the management and the rail
users with a view to improve services for rail users. Divisional Railway Users'
Consultative Committees (DRUCCs), Zonal Railway Users’ Consultative
Committees (ZRUCCs), Konkan Railway Users' Consultative Committee
(KRUCC), Metro Railway Users' Consultative Committee (MRUCC),
Suburban Railway Users' Consultative Committees (SRUCCs), National
Railway Users' Consultative Council (NRUCC) and Station Consultative
Committees (SCCs) provide useful inputs to Railway administration.

DRUCCs have been reconstituted for a two year term from 01.01.2022
to 31.12.2023. ZRUCCs, KRUCC & MRUCC have been reconstituted
for a two year term from 01.02.2023 to 31.01.2025. NRUCC has been
reconstituted for a two year term from 01.04.2022 to 31.03.2024. SRUCCs
& SCCs are constituted by zonal Railways themselves

Central Board of Railway Research

Central Board of Railway Research comprises Director-General,

RDSO as Chairman, concerned senior officers of Railway Board as Members
and Additional DG, RDSO as Member Secretary. Representation is also
given to non-Railway members from the IITs, eminent scientists, engineers,
other Government Departments, Industry, etc. The Board recommends and
reviews Railways’ research programmes and also ensures coordination and
assistance from other research laboratories.

Railway Hindi Salahakar Samiti

In order to propagate the use of Hindi in Ministry of Railways and

Zonal Railways, Railway Hindi Salahakar Samiti is constituted under the
Chairmanship of Hon’ble Minister of Railways, whose main objective is to
give valuable suggestions to increase the use of Hindi. The 61st meeting of
the Railway Hindi Salahkar Smiti was organized under the chairmanship of
the Hon’ble Minister of Railways on dated 05.05.2023, in which the Hon’ble
members of the Hindi Salahkar Samiti also gave their valuable suggestions
for the implementation and propagation of Hindi.

148 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

Important Events
2022-23

02.04.2022 Flagging off of Passenger service on Newly Gauge Converted

Jaynagar (India)-Janakpur Dham-Kurtha (Nepal) section
between India and Nepal.

09.04.2022 Flagging off Godda – Dumka Express at Godda Railway

station and extension of Ranchi-Dumka Express upto Godda
through video conferencing.

18.04.2022 Celebration of World Heritage Day over Eastern Railway.

Railway officers from Headquarters, Divisions and
Workshops were sensitised of the need of conserving “The
Heritage and Climate” for the next generation.

20.04.2022 Laying foundation stone of Manufacturing of 9000 HP

Electric Locomotives at Production Unit, Dahod.

20.05.2022 In Tamilnadu:
• Signing of MoU between Ministry of Railways and
Ministry of Sports for setting up of India’s first ever
National Centre of Excellence (NCOE) at New
Coochbehar.
• Flagging off the 12000th LHB coach rolled out and
inspection of under construction Vande Bharat coaches
at ICF.
• Rear window inspection of the section was conducted
from Dr. MGR Chennai Central to Bengaluru
Cantonment.

26.05.2022 Dedication of Tambram-Chengalpattu 3rd line and flagging

off EMU service, Inauguration of Madurai-Teni new BG
Section and redevelopment of Chennai Egmore, Madurai
Jn., Katpadi Jn., Rameswaram and Kanniyakumari railway
stations of Tamil Nadu.

01.06.2022 Flagging off of Maittali Express connecting India-Bangaldesh.

20.06.2022 • Dedication of Sir M. Visvesvaraya Terminal, Bengaluru

to nation,
• Laying down the foundation stone for redevelopment
of Bengaluru Cantonment and Yesavantpur Railway
Stations and Naganahalli and Mysuru Coaching
complex.

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 149

 12.07.2022 • Dedication and laying down foundation stone of
number of infrastructural projects in Jharkhand from
Deoghar, and
• Laying down foundation stone of redevelopment of
Ranchi Station.

12.08.2022 • Inspection of new Vande Bharat rakes at ICF.

• Participated in flag rally along with the students of ICF
Silver jubilee.
• Hoisting the national flag at MRTS Tiruvallikkeni Station
and
• Facilitation to freedom fighters and their family members.

19.09.2022 Inauguration of Riverfront Passenger Jetty near Bogibeel

Rail cum Road constructed by Railway in Dibrugarh.

30.09.2022 Flagging off of Vande Bharat Train from Gandhinagar to

Mumbai Central.

03.10.2022 Laying foundation stone for Development of Coach

Maintenance Facilities, Aurangabad.

13.10.2022 Flagging off train services :

• Train No. 12097/12098 (Agartala-Jiribam-Agartala)
Jan Shatabdi Express upto Khongsang in Manipur, and
• Train No. 02518/02517 (Guwahati–Kolkata-Guwahati)
Express.

22.10.2022 • Launching of Rozgar Mela at different locations over the

country to fill up the vacancies at various departments
of central government including Railways.

11.11.2022 Flagging off Mysuru-Bengaluru Central Vande Bharat

Express.

12.11.2022 Dedication of New Railway Line between Bhadrachalam

Road-Sattupalli.

11.12.2022 • Flagging off Vande Bharat Train between Nagpur-

Bilaspur.
• Laying down foundation stone of redevelopment of
Nagpur and Ajni Railway Station.
• Dedication of Government Maintenance Depot, Ajni
and Kohli-Narkher section of Nagpur-Itarsi third line
project.

30.12.2022 Flagging off of Vande Bharat Train Howrah-New Jalpaiguri.

150 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

30.01.2023 Inauguration of Joka-Taratala stretch of purple line of Metro
Project.

10.02.2023 Inauguration of two Vande Bharat Train from CSMT- Shirdi

Sainagar and CSMT- Sholapur.

27.02.2023 Laying down foundation stone for Shivamogga-Shikaripura-

Ranebennu new line & Koteganguru Railway Coaching
Depot.

12.03.2023 • Dedication of Electrification of Hosepet-Hubballi-

Tinaghat railway line upgraded and the longest Railway
Platform of the World.
• Flagging off of Two trains Train No. 17317 (SSS Hubballi-
Dadar) and T.No. 07319 (SSS Hubballi- Secundrabad).

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 151

 Glossary
ACCOUNTS
Capital Investment Book value of the capital assets of Railways.
Gross Revenue The true earnings in an accounting period
whether actually realized or not
Gross Receipts Earnings actually realized in an accounting
period.
Net Revenue Gross traffic receipts minus total working
expenses.
Operating Ratio Ratio of working expenses to gross revenue.
Suspense Unrealised earnings, liabilities not discharged
in an accounting period.
Working Expenses Expenditure on administration, operation,
maintenance and repairs, contribution to
Depreciation Reserve Fund and Pension
Fund.
STATISTICAL
Density The volume of traffic moving between any
two points on the Railway expressed in
terms of passenger kilometers or net tonne
kilometres per route kilometre/running track
kilometre or train kilometres per running
track kilometre.
Engine Kilometre Movement of an engine under its own power
over the length of one kilometre.
Gross Tonne Kilometre Gross tonnage comprising payload and tare
weight hauled by a train over one kilometre.
Lead Average haul of a passenger or a tonne of
freight
Loaded Wagon Kilometre Movement of a wagon loaded with goods
over one kilometre.
Net Load or Net Tonnage Payload of passengers, luggage or goods
carried by a vehicle or a train.
Net Tonne Kilometre Payload of one tonne carried over one
kilometre.
Non-Revenue Traffic Traffic conveyed free for working the
Railways.
Passenger Kilometre A passenger transported over one kilometre.
Revenue Earning Traffic Traffic which is paid for by the consignor or
the consignee.

152 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

Route Kilometre The distance between two points on the
Railway irrespective of the number of lines
connecting them, whether single line, double
line etc.
Running Track Kilometre The length of all running tracks excluding
tracks in sidings, yards and crossings.
Track Kilometre The length of all running tracks including
tracks in sidings, yards and crossings.
Train Kilometre Movement of a train over one kilometre.
Vehicle/Wagon Kilometre Movement of a vehicle/wagon over one
kilometre.
Wagon Turn-Round Interval of time between two successive
loadings of a wagon.
TRAFFIC
Rate Price fixed by the tariff for the conveyance
of a unit of parcels, luggage and goods.
Fare Money realized by the Railways from
transportation of persons excluding the
‘penalty’ realized.
OTHERS
Number of Staff All employees paid directly by the Railway
administration.
Stores Materials or parts either purchased by
the Railway or manufactured in Railway
workshops for working the Railways.
Tractive Effort Load-hauling capability of a locomotive
expressed in terms of the tractive force
exerted by the locomotive at wheel.

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 153

 Summary of important audit
observations from the Report of the
Comptroller and Auditor General
of India—Union Government
(Railways) and Status Report on
Pending Action Taken Notes
Audit Report No. 16 of 2022 on Waste Management in Indian
Railways.
This report presents the results of the audit on various aspects in
managing waste at stations, coaching depots, maintenance and Production
units, bio-medical waste generated in hospitals. The Report also covers
adherence to the specific directives of National Green Tribunal (NGT).
Audit observed that there is no single body/agency in Indian Railways
solely responsible for handling waste management related issues in IR.
Also, there was no system of dedicated fund allocation specifically for
waste management. Despite assurance to PAC for setting up Engineering
and Health Management directorate at the zonal and at the divisional
level, compliance by IR was partial. In 59 stations out of 109 selected for
audit, directives of NGT for obtaining Consent to Establish (CTEs) from
related State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs) were not complied with.
IR failed to fully comply with directives of the NGT for implementing 24
Verifiable Indicators for monitoring of waste management at 36 major
stations. Segregated waste collected from the Pantry cars and trains with On
Board Housekeeping Services (OBHS) was not unloaded in secured bags
in 45 per cent test checked stations. In 86 per cent test checked stations,
waste collected from the Pantry cars or OBHS trains was not dumped in
separate assigned dustbins. In 65 per cent test checked stations and 87
per cent test checked coaching depots, IR did not assess the quantum of
plastic waste generated. Besides, IR could not ensure installation of Plastic
Bottle Crushing Machines (PBCMs) as planned. The basic condition of
segregating bio-degradable and non bio-gradable waste was not ensured.
Facilities for management of solid waste such as wet waste processing,
material recovery facility, provision of composting plant, waste segregation
and recycling centres were not provided at 70 per cent of the stations and
90 per cent of coaching yards selected for audit. Effluent Treatment Plants/
Sewage Treatment Plants (ETP/STPs), though planned for commissioning
in 19 major coaching depots and 40 workshops, were not commissioned
as of March, 2020. Slow progress in providing water recycling plant and
automatic coach washing plant defeated the objectives envisaged in the
Indian Railways Water Policy, 2017. In the absence of requisite equipment

154 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

for treating bio-medical waste, 15 hospitals managed waste disposal
departmentally endangering safety of public health.

Audit Report No 22 of 2022 on Derailment in Indian Railways.

The report covers issues, such as, inspection and maintenance of
track to prevent derailments, investigations on derailments/collisions and
implementation of the preventive recommendations, utilisation of Rashtriya
Rail Sanraksha Kosh (RRSK) fund for ensuring safety of track etc.

Audit Observations
• There were shortfalls ranging from 30-100 per cent in inspections
by Track Recording Cars. Track machines remained idle for want
of required traffic blocks by the Operating Department, blocks not
planned by Divisions, operational problems etc.
• Analysis of ‘Inquiry Reports’ of derailment accidents revealed that
24 factors were mainly responsible for derailments. The major
factors responsible for derailments were ‘maintenance of track’,
‘deviation of track parameters beyond permissible limits incorrect
setting of points’, ‘wheel diameter variation and defects in coaches/
wagons etc. The total damages/loss of assets in these cases was
reported as `32.96 crore.
• In 540 cases (63 per cent), the ‘Inquiry Reports’ were not submitted
to the accepting authority within the prescribed time schedule.
There was also delay in the acceptance of the reports by accepting
authorities in 421 cases (49 per cent).
• The allotment of funds for Track Renewal works and the expenditure
on high priority works from RRSK showed a declining trend during
2017-20. The funds allocated to track renewal works were also not
fully utilized. There was incorrect booking of expenditure to RRSK
to the tune of `48.21 crore. Out of 1,127 derailments during 2017-
21, 289 derailments (26 per cent) were linked to track renewals.
• The Standing Committee on Railways (2016-17) observed that
the track should be maintained in a safe and fit condition. The
Committee also observed that the target kept for track renewals
were not commensurate with the actual requirement on ground.
Audit observed that the target for complete track renewal were not
achieved during 2017-20. In regard to comment of the Standing
Committee on increasing trend of accidents due to failure on
the part of Railway Staff, Audit noted that there were 128 SPAD
(Signal Passing at Danger) cases during 2017-21.

Audit Report No. 23 of 2022 on Railway Finances.

Chapter 1 of the report focuses on financial performance of Indian
Railways with reference to the previous year, as well as the overall trends.
During 2020-21, Indian Railways generated total receipts of `1,40,783.55

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 155

 crore against Budget Estimates (BE) of `2,25,913 crore. The total receipts
decreased by 19.41 percent during 2020-21 as compared to the previous
year mainly due to decline in Passenger Earnings and Other Coaching
Earnings on account of shutdown due to Covid-19 pandemic. The entire
profit from freight traffic was utilized to compensate the loss on operation
of passenger and other coaching services. The loss of `54,917 crore in
passenger operations was left uncovered during 2020-21. Inadequate
generation of internal resources had resulted in greater dependence on GBS
and EBR.

As compared to the Operating Ratio (OR) of 98.36 per cent during

2019-20, there was improvement in 2020-21 as the Railways could achieve
an OR of 97.45 per cent. This meant that railways spent `97.45 to earn
`100 in 2020-21. Appropriation of `79,398 crore to Pension Fund from
‘Special Loan’ provided in Union Budget for ‘COVID related resource gap
in 2020-21’ was not considered for the arriving at the Net Surplus and OR.

Chapter 2 of the report contains an overview of the financial

performance of the Railway Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs). The amount
of investment in equity and loans in Railway PSUs as at the end of March,
2021 was `4,15,992 crore. The Government of India contributed `43,645
crore (83.67 per cent) in the paid up share capital of Railway Commercial
Undertakings. The remaining paid-up share capital was contributed by
Financial Institutions (6.18 per cent), Central Government Companies
(5.73 per cent), State Government / State Government companies (4.42
per cent). The overall Profit had increased from `6,141 crore in 2018-19 to
`7,067 crore in 2020-21.

During 2020-21, 27 Railway Commercial Undertakings had earned

profit (`7,627 crore) out of which only 10 Railway Commercial Undertakings
had declared dividend (`2,799.47 crore). Return on Equity, a measure of
financial performance of companies, had steadily decreased from 9.36 per
cent in 2019-20 to 7.45 per cent in 2020-21.

Chapter 3 of the report contains audit observations on processing,

authorization and disbursement of pension besides assessing the efficiency
in existing internal control mechanism. The weak internal control and non-
observance of relevant rules and procedures led to several instances of
excess/short payment of pension. Prescribed reconciliation processes and
instructions of Railway Board were not rigorously followed. The deficiencies
in PPO and delay in revision of pension had resulted in delay in authorizing
disbursement of pension.Advanced Railway Pension Access Network
(ARPAN) master data was not complete, accurate and reliable. Corrective
action was not taken as per the exception reports generated in ARPAN.

Chapter 4 of the report contains audit observations on the status of

implementation of Accounting Reforms Project (ARP) in Indian Railways
and the status of developing an IT application of ARP.Indian Railways (IR)
maintains its finance accounts under cash based government accounting

156 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

system in the forms and formats mandated by the Controller General of
Accounts and Comptroller and Auditor General of India (C&AG). In order
to bring transparency in financial reporting and fiscal prudence, IR decided
to adopt accrual based accounting system. Accordingly, ‘Accounting
Reforms Project’ (ARP) was taken up in 2015-16 and was targeted for
implementation in IR by 2018. After delay of about 17 months, the work in
progress was only 65 per cent as of March, 2022 for preparation of accrual
based financial statements.

Status Report on Pending Action Taken Notes (ATNs) as on

18.10.2023
Sl. No. & Year of No. of Details of the Paras/C&AG report on which
No. the Report paras/ ATNs are pending
C&AG
No. of No. of ATNs No. of Audit
report
ATNs sent but ATNs
on which
not sent returned which
ATNs
by the with have been
have been
Ministry observations finally
submitted
even for and Audit vetted
the first is awaiting by audit
time their re- but have
submission not been
by the submitted
Ministry by the
Ministry
to PAC

1 13, 14, 32 & 37 of 2016 45/43 0 1 1 0

2 13, 14, 22, 36 & 45 of 2017 43/43 0 0 0 0

3 1, 5, 17 & 19 of 2018 44/41 0 1 1 1

4 10 & 19 of 2019 50/43 0 2 2 3

5 2 & 8 of 2020 4/1 0 1 1 1

6 5, 13 & 22 of 2021 68/43 2 8 3 12

7 16, 22, 23, 25 & 35 of 2022 44/7 2 4 8 23

8 13 of 2023 4/0 0 0 0 4

Total 302/221 4 17 16 44

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 157

158 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23
Financial Statements
& Operating Statistics

Contents
Financial Statements

Consolidated Profit and Loss Account.................................................................. 160

Statements Supplementary to Profit and Loss Account:

Gross Traffic Receipts .......................................................................................... 160
Ordinary Working Expenses .................................................................................161
Contribution to Reserve Funds .............................................................................161
Dividend and Other Payments to General Revenues............................................. 161
Balance Sheet ...................................................................................................... 162
Value of Railway Assets ........................................................................................164
Railways’ Contribution to the Plan—Source of Funds/Application of Funds.......... 166

Operating Statistics

Assets ................................................................................................................. 168

Operation ........................................................................................................... 169
Traffic and Earnings ............................................................................................ 170
Utilisation of Rolling Stock .................................................................................. 172
General................................................................................................................ 173

Statistical Summary—Indian Railways

INDIANINDIAN
RAILWAYS
RAILWAYS
ANNUAL
ANNUAL
REPORT
REPORT
AND ACCOUNTS
AND ACCOUNTS
2022-23
2022-23 159
Financial Statements I

Consolidated Profit and Loss Account: 2020-21

2021-22 Supporting 2022-23 Supporting
(` in crore) Statement (` in crore) Statement
1,91,206.48 IA Gross Traffic Receipts 2,39,982.56 IA
Ordinary Working Expenses
1,56,506.34 IB (including Payment to Worked Lines) 1,80,255.78 IB
Contribution to Reserve Funds
48,100.00 IC (Depreciation Reserve Fund and Pension 55,400.00 IC
Fund)
2,04,606.34 Total Working Expenses 2,35,655.78
(-)13,399.86 Net Traffic Receipts (Operating Profit) 4,326.78
(-)1,624.72 Miscellaneous Transactions (Net) (-)1,809.40
(-)15,024.58 Net Revenue (Gross Profit) 2,517.38
Less
— ID (a) Dividend and other Payments to — ID
General Revenues
— (b) Payment to Deferred Dividend —
Liability
$(-) 15,024.58 Excess (+)/Shortfall (–) $$ 2,517.38
$ The excess was appropriated $$ The excess was appropriated to
to Development Fund (DF) and Development Fund (DF) and Rashtriya
Rashtriya Rail Suraksha Kosh (RRSK) Rail Suraksha Kosh.
Statements Supplementary to Profit and Loss Account
2021-22 IA Gross Traffic Receipts 2022-23 IA
(` in crore) Coaching Earnings (` in crore)
Passenger Traffic
#— Full fares #—
#— 39,214.40 Less than full fares #— 63,416.85
Parcels and other coaching traffic
1,808.28 Parcels 1,975.10
115.97 Luggage 105.63
2,975.31 4,899.56 Others 3,877.59 5,958.32
Goods Earnings
71,547.88 Coal, Coke etc. 86,456.54
67,870.02 General Merchandise 74,782.81
871.62 Other Traffic 811.71
1,317.41 Wharfage and Demurrage 1,713.12
(-)510.54 1,41,096.39 Less refunds 1,501.28 1,62,262.90
6,067.96 Miscellaneous (Sundry) other earnings 8,498.60
1,91,278.31 Total Gross Earnings 2,40,136.67
(-)71.83 Suspense (Bills receivable) 154.11
Gross Traffic Receipts
1,91,206.48 (Actually realised) 2,39,982.56
# Figures not available

160 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 2021-22 Percentage 2022-23 Percentage
(`in crore) to total (`in crore) to total
I B Ordinary Working Expenses IB
8,498.39 5.43 General Superintendence and Services 8,992.67 4.99
16,320.31 10.43 Repairs and Maintenance of Permanent 17,856.23 9.91
Way and Works
5,921.98 3.78 Repairs and Maintenance of Motive Power 6,709.42 3.72
16,969.86 10.84 Repairs and Maintenance of Carriages and 19,733.39 10.95
Wagons
8,641.56 5.52 Repairs and Maintenance of Plant and 9,631.38 5.34
Equipment
16,746.64 10.70 Operating Expenses–Rolling Stock and 20,056.04 11.13
Equipment
32,943.48 21.05 Operating Expenses–Traffic 37,074.57 20.57
30,515.17 19.50 Operating Expenses–Fuel 37,899.73 21.03
8,278.89 5.29 Staff Welfare and Amenities 8,486.33 4.71
7,538.58 4.82 Miscellaneous Working Expenses 8,260.64 4.58
4,937.71 3.15 Provident Fund, Pension and other 5,472.43 3.04
Retirement Benefits
1,57,312.57 Gross Expenditure 1,80,172.82
(-)806.23 (-)0.52 Suspense (Bills payable) 82.95 0.05
1,56,506.34 100.00 Ordinary Working Expenses 1,80,255.78 100.00
(Actually disbursed)
IC
IC Contribution to Reserve Funds
– Depreciation Reserve Fund 700.00
48,100.00 Pension Fund 54,700.00
48,100.00 Total Contribution to Fund 55,400.00
2,04,606.34 Total Working Expenses 2,35,655.78
ID
ID Dividend and Other Payments to
General Revenue

— Dividend Payable (Current) —

— Payments in lieu of tax on Passanger —
Fares

— — On account of assistance to Railway Safety — —

Fund

— Total Dividend payable —

— Deferred Dividend paid —
— Net Dividend paid —

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 161

Balance Sheet
As on March 31, As on March 31,
2022 (`in crore) 2023 (`in crore)
LIABILITIES
A. Loan Capital
*5,08,599.65 (advanced by General Exchequer) #6,17,614.79
B. Investment Financed from
53,449.91 Railway Capital Fund 53,449.91
66,314.33 Depreciation Reserve Fund 66,813.65
41,136.71 Development Fund 42,122.10
47,157.20 Railway Safety Fund 77,158.48
15,756.05 Special Railway Safety Fund 15,756.05
1,252.31 Revenue 1,252.31
74,175.75 Rashtriya Rail Sanraksha Kosh 85,973.17
— Soverign Green Fund 10,239.00
2,076.68 Miscellaneous other sources 2,354.72
3,01,318.94 Total 3,55,119.39
C. Reserves
136.21 Depreciation Reserve Fund 428.14
0.65 Development Fund 15.52
87.52 Pension Fund 360.90
427.83 Railway Capital Fund 442.16
6.66 Railway Safety Fund 3.38
— Special Railway Safety Fund —
1,144.93 Rashtriya Rail Sanraksha Kosh 864.89
229.46 Railway Debt Service Fund 237.15
2,033.26 Total 2,352.14
D. Deposits
40,226.99 (i) State Railway Provident Fund 39,570.32
26,639.02 (ii) Miscellaneous Deposits 30,974.90
65.53 (iii) F. Loan & Advances 71.48
66,931.54 Total 70,616.70
E. Current Liabilities
6,456.46 (i) Undischarged (Demands payable) 6,389.80
3.25 (ii) Outstanding dues payable to other 3.25
Government Departments
6,459.71 Total 6,393.05
8,85,343.10 Grand Total 10,52,096.07
# Excludes `11,954.00 crore appropriation to SRSF, `80,000.00 crore appropriation to RRSK, `62,957.03 crore
appropriation to RSF and `10,239.00 crore appropriation to SGF.
* Excludes `11,954.00 crore appropriation to SRSF, `70,000.00 crore appropriation to RRSK and `32,957.03 crore
appropriation to RSF.

162 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 II II
As on March 31, As on March 31,
2022 (`in crore) 2023 (`in crore)
ASSETS
F. Block Assets
(i) Fixed Assets
43,505.54 Land 50,178.86
3,67,258.77 Buildings and track 4,34,975.54
1,88,145.28 Rolling stock 2,38,853.12
74,099.37 Plant and equipment 83,040.33
– Miscellaneous assets –
6,73,008.96 Total 8,07,047.85
(ii) Investments
2,392.63 Inventory 2,082.32

2,167.71 Works in progress (WMS) 3,799.70

17,947.08 Miscellaneous Advance (Capital) 17,869.17
22,507.42 Total 23,751.19
(iii) Investment in other undertakings
— Shares in road transport undertakings —
1,14,402.21 Other Government undertakings 1,41,935.14
8,09,918.59 Total Block Assets 9,72,734.18

G. Funds lying with Central Government

68,964.80 (Contra-items C and D) 72,968.84

H. Current Assets
1,770.58 Sundry Debtors 1,786.87
Outstanding dues from other Government
1,536.73 Departments 1,534.04
2,031.46 Outstanding Traffic Earnings 1,971.09
623.17 Cash in hand 446.47
497.78 Demands Recoverable 654.58

8,85,343.10 Grand Total 10,52,096.07

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 163

 Gross book value as on 31st March, 2022 (`in crore)
Capital Capital DRF& DF OLWR U.S. Railway RRSK Special Total
at-charge Fund including Machin- Safety Railway
(Compris- Improve- ery and Fund Safety
ing loan/ ment other Fund
account) element Misc.
Tools

Land 41,896.58 441.51 378.54 3.83 – 558.73 196.87 29.48 43,505.54

Structural Engineering
Works
Stations and offices 73,574.73 8,404.82 26,722.10 405.74 0.27 6,122.00 6,200.80 561.84 1,21,992.31
Workshops and stores 14,003.82 403.25 5,030.75 126.29 – 669.12 888.29 38.79 21,160.31
buildings
Residential buildings 7,342.18 330.50 4,392.26 75.80 – 1,006.13 184.10 45.27 13,376.24
Track
Formation 59,930.57 6,684.08 8,901.92 55.60 0.01 15,177.87 14,093.77 1,558.79 1,06,402.61
Permanent way 34,769.45 4,598.24 21,384.59 146.39 – 7,890.08 33,872.53 6,570.15 1,09,231.44
materials
Bridges 16,345.04 1,555.91 5,282.74 36.09 – 8,536.77 5,296.97 1,494.41 38,547.93
Rolling Stock
Locomotives and 45,579.11 10,139.39 8,571.96 3.80 – 17.87 2,833.45 1,086.84 68,232.42
spare boilers
Carriages including 22,830.73 5,110.67 4,908.13 0.64 – 4.39 1,758.30 686.02 35,298.89
Rail Cars and E.M.U.
Stock
Wagons 20,132.51 4,750.38 3,615.36 1.04 – 9.17 1,679.70 985.73 31,173.90
Ferries 251.04 81.94 12.28 0.01 – 3.15 77.15 – 425.57
Rail-cum-road 2,886.73 9.11 1,087.83 21.56 0.23 2,255.99 1,013.96 63.09 7,338.50
services
Road motor cars and 606.16 0.01 -33.26 – – 1,715.64 -64.60 – 2,223.94
carriers for public
traffic
Equipment (Machinery 37,747.62 6,833.85 17,172.22 375.51 3.01 3,190.19 6,141.33 2,635.64 74,099.37
and Plants etc.) Other
than Rolling Stock
Suspense (Floating
Assets like inverntories
or stores holdings)@
Stores suspense 2,366.03 – 23.60 – – 0.08 2.93 – 2,392.63
Manufacture suspense 2,167.71 – – – – – – – 2,167.71
Miscellaneous 15,853.38 20.53 0.01 – 2,073.15 – – – 17,947.07
advances
Investment in 79,505.24 2,984.39 0.01 – – 0.20 – 82,489.85
shares of Govt. &
Other Commercial
Undertaking- Road
service.
Investment in shares of 30,811.02 1,101.33 0.01 0.01 – – – – 31,912.36
Govt. Commercial and
Public Undertaking
Total 5,08,599.63 53,449.91 1,07,451.04 1,252.31 2,076.68 47,157.20 74,175.75 15,756.05 8,09,918.58

Note : @ Excludes `11,954.00 crore of appropriation to SRSF.

164 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 III
Gross book value as on 31st March, 2023 (`in crore)
Capital Capital DRF& DF OLWR U.S. Railway RRSK Special SGF Total
at-charge Fund including Machin- Safety Railway
(Compris- Improve- ery and Fund Safety
ing loan/ ment other Fund
account) element Misc.
Tools

Land 48,535.35 441.51 378.79 3.83 – 568.88 221.01 29.48 – 50,178.86

Structural Engineering
Works
Stations and offices 1,16,822.65 11,861.27 26,883.05 405.74 0.27 11,155.99 11,387.67 561.84 – 1,79,078.49
Workshops and stores 16,010.95 466.82 4,937.49 126.29 – 901.61 1,048.11 38.79 – 23,530.05
buildings
Residential buildings 8,097.38 330.50 4,638.46 75.80 – 1,390.76 211.36 45.27 – 14,789.53
Track
Formation 54,407.74 6,684.08 8,918.74 55.60 0.01 24,737.75 11,679.69 1,558.79 – 1,08,042.41
Permanent way 41,960.07 4,598.24 21,398.76 146.39 – 16,070.50 37,816.49 6,570.15 – 1,28,560.60
materials
Bridges 19,694.97 1,555.91 5,310.01 36.09 – 10,381.61 6,556.50 1,494.41 – 45,029.50
Rolling Stock
Locomotives and 49,613.34 8,876.75 8,737.52 3.80 – 18.58 3,680.33 1,086.84 10,239.00 82,256.17
spare boilers
Carriages including 29,149.94 5,110.67 4,919.33 0.64 – 4.39 1,925.05 686.02 – 41,796.04
Rail Cars and E.M.U.
Stock
Wagons 27,342.86 4,750.38 3,623.65 1.04 – 520.42 2,081.72 985.73 – 39,305.80
Ferries 231.72 15.46 9.98 0.01 – 3.15 116.62 – – 376.94
Rail-cum-road 3,238.82 9.11 1,115.36 21.56 0.23 2,422.30 1,150.38 63.09 – 8,020.85
services
Road motor cars and -99.15 0.01 -70.02 – – 3,256.18 -44.74 – – 3,042.27
carriers for public
traffic
Equipment (Machinery 43,610.93 4,640.04 18,102.71 375.51 3.01 5,726.30 7,946.23 2,635.64 – 83,040.35
and Plants etc.) Other
than Rolling Stock
Suspense (Floating
Assets like inventories
or stores holdings)@
Stores suspense 1,852.27 2.91 31.90 – – 0.08 195.17 – – 2,082.32
Manufacture suspense 3,799.70 – – – – – – – – 3,799.70
Miscellaneous 15,496.06 20.53 0.01 – 2,351.19 – 1.37 – 17,869.17
advances
Investment in 1,07,038.17 2,984.39 0.01 0.01 – – 0.20 – – 1,10,022.78
shares of Govt. &
Other Commercial
Undertaking- Road
service.
Investment in shares of 30,811.02 1,101.33 – 0.01 – – – – – 31,912.35
Govt. Commercial and
Public Undertaking
Total 6,17,614.79 53,449.91 1,08,935.75 1,252.31 2,354.72 77,158.48 85,973.17 15,756.05 10,239.00 9,72,734.18

Note : @ Excludes `11,954.00 crore of appropriation to SRSF.

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 165

Railways’ Contribution
to the Plan:
Sources/Application
of Funds
2021-22 SOURCE OF FUNDS 2022-23
(`in crore) (`in crore)
Internal Resources Generation
0.00 Excess(+) for the year 2,517.38
Contribution from Revenues and
Capital to Reserve Funds
200.00 Depreciation Reserve Fund 900.00
0.00 Spl. Railway Safety Fund 0.00
0.00 Capital Fund 0.00
(-) 3235.24 Pension Fund (Net) 266.00
0.00 Railway Safety Fund 0.00
0.00 RRSK 0.00
105.21 Interest on Fund Balances 38.97
(-) 2930.03 Total Internal Cash Balances 3,722.35
Budgetary support From General
Revenues
81,670.53 (a) On Capital account 1,09,017.15
- (b) on account of SRSF -
20,600.00 (c ) on account of RSF 30,000.00
25,000.00 (d) on account of RRSK 10,000.00
- (e) on account of SGF 10,239.00
- (f) As Temporary Loans:
0.00 (i) Reserve Fund 0.00
0.00 (ii) Development Fund 0.00
0.00 (iii) Capital Fund 0.00
Contribution From General
Revenues
(Non-interest bearing)
- (a) On account of SRSF -
- (b) On account of RSF -
- (c) On account of RRSK -
- (d) On account of SGF -
Total contribution received from the
1,27,270.53 General Revenues 1,59,256.15
1,24,340.50 Total Source of Funds 1,62,978.50

166 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 IV
2021-22 APPLICATION OF FUNDS 2022-23
(`in crore) (`in crore)
Acquisition of new assets and
replacement of existing assets
Acquisition Charged to:
81,670.53 Capital 1,09,017.15
0.00 Railway Capital Fund 0.00
1,032.66* Development Fund 985.39
21,105.43 Railway Safety Fund 30,001.29
24,731.54 RRSK 11,797.42
— SGF 10,239.00
0.00 Open Line Works (Revenue) 0.00
Replacement Charged to Depreciation
661.02 Reserve Fund 617.38

1,29,201.18* Total Investment 1,62,657.63

Repayment of loans obtained

for:
0.00 Development Fund 0.00
0.00 Railway Capital Fund 0.00

Interest paid on temporary loans

0.00 Development Fund 0.00
0.00 Railway Capital Fund 0.00
(-)4,860.68 Increase(+)/Decrease(–) 320.87
in Funds Balances
1,24,340.50 Total Application of Funds 1,62,978.50
Note:
6,893.95 Opening balance in all Funds as on 2,031.27
1st April
2,033.27 Closing balance as on 31st March 2,352.14
Increase(+)/Decrease (–)
(-) 4,860.68 in balance comprised of: 320.87
(-) 449.13 Depreciation Reserve Fund 291.92
(-) 1,015.90 Development Fund 14.87
(-) 3,179.97 Pension Fund 273.39
13.87 Railway Capital Fund 14.33
(-)505.43 Railway Safety Fund (-)1.29
268.45 RRSK (-)280.04
7.44 Debt Service Fund 7.69
— SGF –
(-)4,860.67 Total 320.87

*revised INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 167

Operating Statistics VIA
Assets
2021-22 2022-23
B.G. M.G. Total Route/Track-kms. (000) B.G. M.G. Total
including Route kms. including
N.G. N.G.
51.80 – 51.80 Electrified 58.07 – 58.07
65.09 1.66 68.04 Total 65.98 1.34 68.58
Running track kms
82.65 – 82.65 Electrified 92.36 – 92.36
99.93 1.60 102.83 Total 103.90 1.33 106.49
Total track kms
100.67 – 100.67 Electrified 113.77 – 113.77
125.19 1.69 128.31 Total 129.51 1.41 132.31
7,099.00 110.00 7,308.00 Number of stations 7,180.00 97.00 7,364.00
Rolling Stock (in units)
Locomotives
– 26 39 Steam – 27 39
4 – 84 Diesel Hydraulic & Mechanical 4 – 90
4,616 45 4,663 Diesel Electric 4,619 45 4,666
8,429 – 8,429 Electric 9,565 – 9,565
Passenger Carriages
60,327 353 60,986 Loco hauled 63,662 261 64,192
7,912 – 7,912 E.M.U. Trailers 7,718 – 7,718
3,861 – 3,861 E.M.U. Motor Coaches 3,946 – 3,946
1,969 1,969 DEMU / DHMU 1,914 1,914
7 2 16 Rail Cars 5 2 12
Seats/Berths(000)
928.50 0.11 928.61 Air-conditioned 1,193.98 0.11 1,194.09
109.22 0.12 109.34 Air-conditioned Chair Car 108.51 - 108.51
0.13 0.17 1.68 1st Class 0.11 0.09 1.45
3,411.55 18.07 3,439.08 2nd Class 3,395.94 12.93 3,417.24
1,390.84 – 1,390.84 E.M.U. Trailers (all classes) 1,164.90 – 1,164.90
597.53 – 597.53 E.M.U.Motor Coaches(all classes) 609.65 – 609.65
174.07 174.07 DEMU / DHMU 169.10 169.10
0.36 0.19 0.67 Rail Cars (all classes) 0.36 0.19 0.67
7,530.00 44.00 7,590.00 Other Coaching Vehicles (in units) 8,530.00 41.00 8,587.00
(including Brake Vans)
2,456.00 41.00 2,513.00 Railway Service Vehicles (in units) 2493 31 2,540
Goods wagons (000)
70.00 1.00 71.00 Covered wagons 71.00 1.00 72.00
204.00 0.07 204.10 Open wagons 201.17 0.07 201.26
25.74 0.21 25.95 Live-stock wagons, wagons for 25.21 0.20 25.41
explosives, timber rail wagons, tank and
misc. wagons
18.19 0.10 18.30 Departmental wagons (including brake 17.02 0.09 17.12
vans)
Ferry Stock
– – – Power Vessel – – –
– – – Dump Craft – – –

168 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

 VIB
(Figures in million)
Operation
2021-22 2022-2023
B.G. M.G. Total Train-kms. B.G. M.G. Total
including Passenger and proportion of mixed including
N.G. N.G.
— 0.02 0.03* Steam — 0.03 0.05
145.00* 0.52 145.55* Diesel 134.08 1.08 135.25
365.85* — 365.85* Electric 471.02 — 471.02
71.05* — 71.05* Electric Multiple Units 89.09 — 89.09
22.46* — 22.46* #MEMU 37.16 — 37.16
— — — DHMU — — —
11.35* — 11.35* DEMU 17.88 — 17.88
— — 0.07* Rail Cars — — 0.04
0.04 0.01 0.05* Rail Bus 0.07 0.01 0.08
Goods and proportion of mixed
— — — Steam — — —
114.17* — 114.17* Diesel 113.35 — 113.35
365.58* — 365.58* Electric 439.72 — 439.72
Departmental
— — 0.02* Steam — — 0.01
1.90* — 1.90* Diesel 1.79 — 1.79
2.50 — 2.50 Electric 2.27 — 2.27
0.26 — 0.26 Electric Multiple Units 0.21 — 0.21
0.33 — 0.33 MEMU 0.15 — 0.15
Shunting and other engine kms.
Shunting
— — — Steam — — —
38.23* 0.03 38.27* Diesel 44.50 0.09 44.60
15.88* — 15.88* Electric 22.41 — 22.41
Light, assisting required, assisting not required,
siding and departmental
— — — Steam — — —
165.65* 0.01 165.66* Diesel 154.75 0.02 154.77
334.68* — 334.68* Electric 359.43 — 359.43
Engine kms. (excl. EMUs & Rail Cars)
Passenger and proportion of mixed
— 0.03* 0.05* Steam — 0.02 0.02
176.13* 0.57 176.74* Diesel 173.95 1.18 175.24
389.23* — 389.24* Electric 521.24 — 521.24
Goods and proportion of mixed
— — — Steam — — —
287.00* — 287.00* Diesel 272.88 — 272.88
692.78* — 692.78* Electric 771.77 — 771.77
Departmental
— 0.02* 0.02* Steam — 0.01 0.01
2.17* — 2.18* Diesel 2.20 — 2.20
2.86 — 2.93* Electric 2.99 — 3.01
Total
— 0.04 0.05 Steam — 0.04 0.04
465.03* 0.57 465.64* Diesel 448.62 1.19 449.91
1,084.51* — 1084.58* Electric 1,295.28 — 1,295.30
Vehicle kms.
17,498.72* 5.37 17,514.64* Coaching Vehicles 21,115.45 10.46 21,138.69
1,731.26* — 1,731.26* Electric Multiple Units Coaches 2,160.37 — 2,160.37
527.35* — 527.35* #MEMU 1,748.46 — 1,748.46
— — — DHMU — — —
417.38* — 417.38* DEMU 393.80 — 393.80
— — — Rail Cars — — —
— — — Rail Bus — — —
Wagon kms.
14,067.05* — 14,067.05* Loaded 16,097.77 — 16,097.77
22,112.17* — 22,112.17* Total 25,459.26 — 25,459.26
63.62* — 63.62* % age of loaded to total 63.23 — 63.23
*revised
#Inclusive Vande Bharat
INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 169
Traffic and Earnings VIC
2021-22 Passenger Traffic 2022-23
B.G. M.G. Total including Passengers originating (millions) B.G. M.G. Total including
N.G. N.G.
Suburban
120.54* 0.00 120.54* 1st Class 264.27 0.00 264.27
2,048.28 0.00 2,048.28 2nd Class 3,527.93 0.00 3,527.93
2,168.82* 0.00 2,168.82* Total Suburban 3,792.20 0.00 3,792.20
Non-suburban
3.18 0.00 3.18 A.C. First Class 6.25 0.00 6.25
23.20 0.00 23.20 A.C. Sleeper 39.47 0.00 39.47
103.19 0.00 103.19 A.C. 3-Tier 180.36 0.00 180.36
0.45 0.01 0.62 1st Class 1.03 0.21 1.52
21.85 0.02 21.93* A.C. Chair Car 40.32 0.07 40.45
Sleeper Class
293.27* 0.00 293.27* Mail/Express 382.49 0.00 382.49
0.45 0.00 0.45 Ordinary 0.49 0.00 0.49
2nd Class
588.83 0.51* 589.93* Mail/Express 1,310.18 1.37 1,312.29
313.04 0.88 314.25 Ordinary 637.36 2.33 640.23
1,347.46* 1.42* 1,350.02* Total Non-suburban 2,597.95 3.98 2,603.55
3,516.28* 1.42* 3,518.84 Total Suburban and Non-suburban 6,390.15 3.98 6,395.75
Passenger kms. (millions)
Suburban
4,155.44 0.00 4,155.44 1st Class 8,421.70 0.00 8,421.70
65,642.59 0.00 65,642.59 2nd Class 1,05,928.04 0.00 1,05,928.04
69,798.03 0.00 69,798.03 Total Suburban 1,14,349.74 0.00 1,14,349.74
Non-suburban
1,905.20 0.00 1,905.27 A.C. First Class 3,657.59 0.00 3,657.67
18,535.48 0.00 18,535.48 A.C. Sleeper 31,471.96 0.00 31,471.96
90,487.56 0.00 90,487.56 A.C. 3-Tier 1,55,765.16 0.00 1,55,765.16
28.28 0.39 37.23 1st Class 99.01 4.98 116.98
6,597.49 0.34 6,602.43 A.C. Chair Car 12,280.59 0.43 12,286.39
Sleeper Class
2,25,636.95* 0.00 2,25,636.95* Mail/Express 2,80,259.76 0.00 2,80,259.76
39.33 0.00 39.33 Ordinary 93.58 0.00 93.58
2nd Class
1,58,759.30 30.82 1,58,819.39 Mail/Express 3,23,506.36 82.17 3,23,628.41
18,279.16 69.15 18,354.85 Ordinary 37,036.57 239.09 37,289.71
5,20,268.75* 100.70 5,20,418.49* Total Non-suburban 8,44,170.58 326.67 8,44,569.62
5,90,066.78* 100.70 5,90,216.52* Total Suburban and Non-suburban 9,58,520.32 326.67 9,58,919.36
Average lead (kms.)
Suburban
34.50 0.00 34.50 1st Class 31.90 0.00 31.90
32.00 0.00 32.00 2nd Class 30.00 0.00 30.00
32.20 0.00 32.20 Total Suburban 30.20 0.00 30.20
Non-suburban
598.60 0.00 598.40 A.C. First Class 585.20 0.00 585.10
798.80 — 798.90 A.C. Sleeper 797.30 — 797.30
876.90 0.00 876.90 A.C. 3-Tier 863.30 0.00 863.60
62.70 32.90 60.40 1st Class 96.30 23.90 77.10
301.90 0.00 301.10 A.C. Chair Car 304.60 0.00 303.70
Sleeper Class
769.40 — 769.40 Mail/Express 732.70 — 732.70
87.10 — 87.10 Ordinary 190.20 — 190.20
2nd Class
269.60 57.70 269.20 Mail/Express 246.90 60.10 246.60
58.40 65.20 58.40 Ordinary 58.10 102.40 58.20
386.10 61.90 385.50 Total Non-suburban 324.90 82.00 324.40
167.80 61.90 167.70 Total Suburban & Non-suburban 150.00 82.00 149.90
*revised

170 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

Traffic and Earnings VIC
2021-22 2022-23
B.G. M.G. Total including Passenger Earnings (`crore) B.G. M.G. Total including
N.G. N.G.
Suburban
179.12 — 179.12 1st Class 475.24 — 475.24
1,190.86* — 1,190.86* 2nd Class 2,163.84 — 2,163.84
1,369.98* — 1,369.98* Total Suburban 2,639.08 — 2,639.08
Non-suburban
635.63 — 635.69 A.C. First Class 1,213.19 — 1,213.26
3,385.12 — 3,385.12 A.C. Sleeper 5,857.79 — 5,857.79
12,225.21 — 12,225.21 A.C. 3-Tier 21,344.52 — 21,344.52
3.60 0.53* 14.44 1st Class 4.83 6.89 33.07
1,161.18 0.53 1,163.36 A.C. Chair Car 2,293.00 0.69 2,296.01
Sleeper Class
12,848.79 0.00 12,848.79 Mail/Express 15,928.74 0.00 15,928.74
2.50* 0.00 2.50* Ordinary 6.08 0.00 6.08
2nd Class
7,164.71 2.60 7,169.58 Mail/Express 13,523.00 6.73 13,532.60
394.85 3.62 399.72 Ordinary 552.46 11.14 565.69
37,821.60 7.28* 37,844.42 Total Non-suburban 60,723.61 25.45 60,777.76
39,191.57 7.28* 39,214.40* Total Suburban and Non-suburban 63,362.69 25.45 63,416.84
Average rate/passenger km. (paise)
Suburban
43.1 — 43.1 1st Class 56.4 — 56.4
18.1 — 18.1 2nd Class 20.4 — 20.4
19.6 — 19.6 All Classes (suburban) 23.1 — 23.1
Non-Suburban
333.6 — 333.6 A.C. First Class 331.7 — 331.7
182.6 — 182.6 A.C. Sleeper 186.1 — 186.1
135.1 — 135.1 A.C. 3-Tier 137.0 — 137.0
127.3 1343.0 387.8 1st Class 48.8 1,382.90 282.7
176.0 — 176.2 A.C. Chair Car 186.7 — 186.9
Sleeper Class
56.9 — 56.9 Mail/Express 56.8 — 56.8
63.7 — 63.7 Ordinary 65.0 — 65.0
2nd Class
45.1 84.3 45.1 Mail/Express 41.8 81.9 41.8
21.6 52.4 21.8 Ordinary 14.9 46.6 15.2
72.7 72.2 72.7 All Classes (Non-suburban) 71.9 77.9 72.0
66.4 72.2 66.4 Total Suburban and Non-suburban 66.1 77.9 66.1
Freight Traffic
Tonnes originating (000’s) Total of BG
14,15,869.00 — 14,15,869.00 Revenue earning 15,09,103.00 — 15,09,103.00
2,974.00 — 2,974.00 Non-revenue 1,657.00 — 1,657.00
14,18,843.00 — 14,18,843.00 Total 15,10,760.00 — 15,10,760.00
Net tonne kms. (millions)
8,71,816.00 — 8,71,816.00 Revenue-earning 9,59,566.00 — 9,59,566.00
296.00 — 296.00 Non-revenue 322.00 — 322.00
8,72,112.00 — 8,72,112.00 Total 9,59,888.00 — 9,59,888.00
1,39,287.00 1,39,287.00 Earnings from carriage of goods traffic 1,60,158.00 1,60,158.00
(`in crore)
Average lead (kms.)
616.00 — 616.00 Revenue-earning 636.00 — 636.00
100.00 — 100.00 Non-revenue 195.00 — 195.00
615.00 — 615.00 Total 635.00 — 635.00
159.77 — 159.77 Average rate/tonne km. (paise) 166.91 — 166.91
*revised

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 171

Utilisation of Rolling Stock VID
2021-22 2022-23
B.G. M.G. N.G. Vehicle and Wagon usage B.G. M.G. N.G.
Vehicle kms./Vehicle day
411 27 77 Passenger vehicles 470 28 84
363 35 2 Other coaching vehicles 404 6 14
211.80 – – Wagon kms./wagon day 223.00 – –
4.74 – – Wagon turn-round (days) 4.70 – –
8,384.00 – – Net tonne kms./wagon day 8,670.00 – –
62.9 – – Avgerage wagon load during the run (tonnes) 60.00 – –
(in terms of 8-wheelers)
Average speed of goods trains
(kms. per hour)
Through goods trains
– – – Steam – – –
36.5 – – Diesel 31.10 – –
38.1 – – Electric 30.10 – –
37.8 – – All Traction 30.30 – –
All goods trains
– – – Steam – – –
36.5 – – Diesel 31.10 – –
38.1 – – Electric 30.10 – –
37.8 – – All Traction 30.30 – –
Engine usage
Engine kms./day/engine on line
– 10 12 Steam – 9 17
807 42 19 Diesel 361 63 50
445 – – Electric 425 – –
Net tonne kms./goods loco day on line
– – – Steam – – –
2,61,932 – – Diesel 2,54,603 – –
3,81,507 – – Electric 7,38,358 – –
Net tonne kms./goods loco day in use
– – – Steam – – –
2,85,920* – – Diesel 2,66,918 – –
3,99,744 – – Electric 7,47,995 – –
Net tonne kms./goods engine
14,189* – – hour (All traction) 13,899 – –
Average load of goods trains
(tonnes)
1,817 – – Net Load 1,735 – –
3,071* – – Gross load (incl. weight of engine) 3,007 – –
*revised

172 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23

General VIE
2021-22 2022-23
B.G. M.G. Total Density‑‑ B.G. M.G. Total
including Train kms./running including
N.G. N.G.
30.15* 1.00 29.34* track kms./day 34.45 2.30 33.66
Passenger train kms./
20.52* 0.92 19.90* running track kms./day 22.33 2.30 21.78
Goods train kms./
15.94* 0.04 15.40 running track kms./day 16.40 0.02 15.98
Repair of Rolling Stock
(ineffective %age)
9.79 11.40 7.33 Locomotives 10.40 46.57 6.80
5.68 13.50 5.75 Passenger Carriages 4.96 1.92 4.96
5.55 — 5.48 Other Coaching Vehicles 7.38 — 7.33
10.40 — 10.40 E.M.U. Coaches 7.31 — 7.31
3.13 0.95 3.13 Wagons 3.11 0.00 3.11
Fuel consumption by locos
— — 1.00 Coal (000 tonnes) — — —
1,459.00 1.44 1,463.00 Diesel oil (000 kilolitres) 1,434.42 2.32 1,438.42
17,756.60 — 17,756.60 Electricity (million kwt. hrs.) 21,823.73 — 21,823.73
Electricity consumed by E.M.U.
1549.13* — 1549.13* suburban services (million kwt. hrs.) 1,915.66 — 1,915.66
Consumption/1,000 gross tonne km.
— — 204.00 Passenger and proportion of mixed — — 2.30
Coal (kg.)
3.33 7.15 3.34 Diesel oil (litres) 3.59 6.09 3.60
19.30 — 19.30 Electricity (kwt. hrs.) 18.70 — 18.70
— — — Goods and proportion of mixed — — —
Coal (kg.)
1.75 — 1.75 Diesel oil (litres) 1.97 — 1.97
7.29 — 7.29 Electricity (kwt. hrs.) 6.40 — 6.40

Groups Group Group Total Personnel Groups Group Group Total

A&B C D A&B C D
Number (000)
14.00 1,135.61 – 1,149.61 Open line 13.66 1,114.72 – 1,128.38
1.71 12.96 – 14.67 Construction 1.61 12.26 – 13.87
0.95 39.87 – 40.82 Production Units 0.95 39.00 – 39.95
1.66 6.12 – 7.78 Railway Board and other Railway offices 1.59 5.82 – 7.42
18.32 1,194.56 – 1,212.88 Total 17.81 1,171.08 – 1,189.62
6,054.25* 1,45,440.02* – 1,51,494.27* Total wage (`in crore) 6,483.70 1,54,935.18 – 1,61,418.87
3,301.66* 1,217.36* – 1,248.86* Average annual wage/employee (`in ’000) 3,639.46 1,322.20 – 1,356.90
Stores purchases (`in crore)
48,055 Indigenous 64,317
Imported
227 Direct 588
432 Purchased in India 51
48,714 Total 64,956

INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23 173

174 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2022-23
 INDIAN RAILWAYS
ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS
2022-23
(With highlights of the performance for 2023-24)

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Government of India
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Design & Printed by Viba Press Pvt. Ltd., 9810049515

Ministry of Railways
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(Railway Board)

Published by Directorate of Statistics and Economics

Ministry of Railways (Railway Board), Government of India, New Delhi
Sir M. Visvesvaraya Terminal, Bengaluru