Scribd
Upload
19 views13 pages

Glass Fiber (Himu Mam)

Uploaded by

skbhayday1
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
19 views13 pages

Glass Fiber (Himu Mam)

Uploaded by

skbhayday1
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13

YE 203: Man-Made Textile Fiber (MMTF)

Glass Fiber

Humayra Akhter Himu


Lecturer
Dept. of Environmental Science & Engineering
Bangladesh University of Textiles
E-
mail:[email protected]
What is Glass Fiber
Glass is an inorganic fiber, which is neither oriented nor
crystalline. Glass fibers were one of the first “man-made” fibers,
commercialized in the late 30’s.

Widely used as insulation (glass batts in home insulation and


industrial insulation in mats and fabric form). It is widely used in
reinforcing thermoplastic composites in products from circuit
boards to boat hulls.

High temperature filtration is another high volume use. The


ingredients normally used in making glass fibers are: silicon
dioxide, calcium oxide, aluminum oxide, boron oxide, plus a few
other metal oxides.
What is Glass Fiber (Contd..)
Glass fiber is also called fiberglass.

It is a material made from extremely fine fibers of glass.


Lightweight, extremely strong and robust material. Although
strength properties are somewhat lower than carbon fiber and it
is less stiff, the material is typically far less brittle and the raw
materials are much less expensive.

Its bulk strength and weight properties are also very favourable
when compared to metals. Glass is the oldest and most familiar,
performance fiber.
History
Glass fibre was first invented by Rene Ferchault de Reaumur. Large-
scale production was not carried out until the end of the eighteenth
century. It has not been technically possible to weave the thin glass
fibers or fibers as silk.

After the eighteenth century, until 1935, the Owens-Illinois Glass


Company also remained as a composite material that was neglected
until the glass fibre was turned into a yarn.

The composite material was first used in the aviation industry in


1942. Since then, S-2 type glass fibre has been rapidly used in many
commercial applications.

The development of fiberglass or glass fibre, shooting methods and


technology has also been very effective.
History (Contd..)
Their sophisticated use is still not long. After 1942, it gave life to the
poor plastic and insulation materials, but after the 1950s and 60s, it
has been the main component of modern life in many areas ranging
from surface, roof and facade cladding to the textile sector,
automotive industry, aircraft production and even armor making.

Although early versions were strong, they were relatively inflexible


and not suitable for many textile applications. Today’s glass fibers
offer a much wider range of properties and can be found in a wide
range of end uses, such as insulation batting, fire resistant fabrics,
and reinforcing materials for plastic composites.
Types of Glass Fiber
If it is necessary to classify the glass fibers in the first place, it is
possible to classify them as general and special. The most well-
known formula, e-glass fiber, is commercially referred to as "glass
fiber". Other types of glass fibers are called special types.

A - alkali-containing glass composition.


AR - alkali-resistant for reinforcing cement.
C - chemically resistant glass composition.
E -standard uses, this composition has high electrical resistance.
HS magnesium-alumina-silica glass. High strength.
S -composition similar to HS glass.

The types of glass fibers are the fiber types most commonly used to
form composite materials. Composite materials formed by using
these glass fibers are generally named as fiberglass materials.
Properties of Different types of Glass Fiber
The following chart is representative of the properties of various
glass fibers.
Properties E-glass AR-glass S-glass
Tensile Strength (g/de) 35 46 35
Modulus (g/de) 524 1250 620
Elongation (%) 4.8 2 5.4
Refractive index 1.547 1.561
Density (g/cm3) 2.57 2.68 2.46
Co-efficient of thermal expansion (1070C) 50-52 75 23-27
E-glass (E=Electric)
standard fibre, 90% market share
E-Glass or electrical grade glass was originally developed for stand
off insulators for electrical wiring. It was later found to have
excellent fibre forming capabilities and is now used almost
exclusively as the reinforcing phase in the material commonly
known as fibre glass.
Glass Fibers: E-glass
Key Properties of Glass Fibres: E-Glass
Properties that have made E-glass so popular in fibreglass and other
glass fibre reinforced composite include:
· Low cost
· High production rates
· High strength
· High stiffness
· Relatively low density
· Non-flammable
· Resistant to heat
· Good chemical resistance
· Relatively insensitive to moisture
· Able to maintain strength properties over a wide range of conditions
· Good electrical insulation
Key Properties of Glass Fibres: E-Glass (Contd..)
The advantageous properties of E-glass generally outweigh the
disadvantages which include:
. Low modulus
. Self abrasiveness if not treated appropriately leading to reduced
strength
. Relatively low fatigue resistance
. Higher density compared to carbon fibres and organic fibres.
Applications of Glass Fibers
Optical Applications:
light & data transfer
decoration
illumination
sensor technology
Laser

Mechanical Applications:
strength
stiffness
reinforcing fibre
insulation
filtration
Applications of Glass Fibers (Contd..)
Woven Fabric
Automotive
Filtration
Reinforcement - plastic/rubber/cement
Thermal insulation
Printed circuit boards – electrical

Needlefelts
Aircraft and aerospace
Cushion material
Filtration
Thermal insulation and spacers
Acoustic insulation

You might also like