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Other documents randomly have
different content
The Project Gutenberg eBook of Anastasia: The
autobiography of H.I.H. the Grand Duchess
Anastasia Nicholaevna of Russia
 This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United
States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with
almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away
or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License
included with this ebook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you
are not located in the United States, you will have to check the
laws of the country where you are located before using this
eBook.

Title: Anastasia: The autobiography of H.I.H. the Grand Duchess

Anastasia Nicholaevna of Russia

Author: Eugenia Smith

Dubious author: Emperor of Russia daughter of Nicholas II

Grand Duchess Anastasiia Nikolaevna

Release date: July 28, 2022 [eBook #68616]

Language: English

Original publication: United States: Robert Speller & Sons, 1963

Credits: Thomas Frost, Tim Lindell and the Online Distributed

Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This book
was produced from images made available by the
HathiTrust Digital Library.)

*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ANASTASIA:

THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF H.I.H. THE GRAND DUCHESS
ANASTASIA NICHOLAEVNA OF RUSSIA ***
 $5.95

This is the only authentic autobiography of the Grand

Duchess Anastasia Nicholaevna, fourth daughter of the
late Emperor Nicholas II and the late Empress Alexandra
Feodorovna of Russia.
The Grand Duchess Anastasia furnishes authentic
information and many previously unpublished details
concerning the life of the Imperial Family and suite from
the days of her childhood to the date of the murder of her
parents and other members of her Family in Ekaterinburg
on the night of July 16-17, 1918.
Her story is divided into six major parts: the youthful years,
the period of the First World War, arrest and exile, life in
Tobolsk, life in Ekaterinburg, and the period after the
tragedy which includes her rescue and escape to
Bukovina.
The life of a Grand Duchess of Russia was no downy bed
of roses. Discipline was imposed by the Tsar and Tsarina,
particularly the latter. Study was an essential duty which
took many hours. During the war years there were
responsibilities connected with the operation of hospitals
for the wounded. Always over the Family hung the fear of
the possible demise of the heir to the throne, the young
Tsesarevich and Grand Duke Alexei Nicholaevich, who
had inherited haemophilia through his Mother.
The Grand Duchess Anastasia rejects vigorously various
accusations directed against each of her parents. She
explains in her preface the reasons for her long
submergence and for her present re-emergence forty-five
years after her reported death.
Her style is brisk and invigorating. Her sense of humor
repeatedly delights with accounts of lighter events and
anecdotes.
This is an invaluable historical record.

ROBERT SPELLER & SONS, Publishers

33 West 42nd Street
New York, N.Y. 10036
 Photograph by Stephen Gaillard
Portrait by Richard Banks
H.I.H. THE GRAND DUCHESS ANASTASIA NICHOLAEVNA OF
RUSSIA
 ANASTASIA

The Autobiography of H.I.H. The Grand Duchess

Anastasia Nicholaevna of Russia

Volume I

ROBERT SPELLER & SONS, PUBLISHERS

New York
© 1963 by Robert Speller & Sons, Publishers, Inc.
33 West 42nd Street
New York, New York 10036

Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 63-22672

First edition
All rights reserved

Printed in the United States of America

 WITH LOVE AND ESTEEM
I dedicate this book
To My Family:
To My Father, His Imperial Majesty, the Emperor
Nicholas II,
To My Mother, Her Imperial Majesty, the Empress
Alexandra Feodorovna,
To My Brother, His Imperial Highness, the
Tsesarevich Alexei Nicholaevich,
To My Sisters, Their Imperial Highnesses, the
Grand Duchesses Olga, Tatiana, and Marie;
To those dear and understanding friends who perished
with My Family in Ekaterinburg;
Dr. Eugene Botkin, Mlle. Anna Demidova, Ivan
Kharitonov, and Trup;
To those faithful friends and companions who, because of
their loyalty to us, perished before or after the tragedy
which befell My Family:
Countess Anastasia Hendrikova, Mlle. Ekaterina
Schneider, Prince Vasily Dolgorukov, Count Ilia
Tatishchev, Nagorny, Chemodurov, and Ivan
Sidniev;
To My Brother’s youthful companion and helper, whose
fate I never learned:
Leonid Sidniev;
To My Uncle, His Imperial Highness, the Grand Duke
Michael Alexandrovich, and his secretary and friend,
Nicholas Johnson, both of whom disappeared, apparently
murdered by the Bolsheviks;
To My Aunt, Her Imperial Highness, the Grand Duchess
Elizabeth Feodorovna, and her faithful nun, Varvara, who
were brutally murdered by the Bolsheviks;
To other members of the Imperial Family who were
murdered by the Bolsheviks;
To all members of the Imperial Family who died during the
First World War and the Civil War in Russia;
To all members of the Imperial Family, living and dead,
who survived the Bolshevik revolution;
To those dear and helpful friends:
Count Apraxin and Captain Nilov;
To the two officers who came to pay their respects and
salute My Father for the last time at the station at
Tsarskoe Selo just before our departure for Siberia:
Kushelev and Artasalev (?);
To friends who voluntarily accompanied My Family into
exile;
To my rescuer, Alexander;
To Nikolai; to the Serbian, the Croatian, and the former
Austrian soldier; and to all others who befriended and
aided me during the long journey from the vicinity of
Ekaterinburg to a refuge in Bukovina;
To those millions of heroes of the Russian Empire, sung
and unsung, who gave their lives in defense of their
country against the Central Powers and against the
Bolsheviks;
To all members of the Imperial Armed Forces who served
their Emperor and their country faithfully and loyally at all
times;
To the millions who died in Russia from execution,
starvation and other causes deriving from Bolshevik
cruelty, tyranny and misrule;
To the members of the Imperial Armed Forces who are
now living outside their homeland and especially those
among them who are maimed and destitute;
To all who have helped me in any way since I left Russia;
To all these—departed and living, known and unknown,
relatives and friends—I am eternally grateful.
 Acknowledgements
The present book could never have been completed without the
encouragement, inspiration and help of friends who were interested
in having the story of my family, as known to me, the youngest of the
four daughters of the late Emperor Nicholas II and the Empress
Alexandra, and my own story made known to the world.
My indebtedness to these friends is deep and lasting. First of all
must be mentioned the late Mrs. Helen Kohlsaat Wells, a close
friend and confidante for many, many years. She worked with me
closely during the years 1930 to 1934 during which we completed
the first complete draft of the manuscript. Many years later we
worked intermittently on revising the manuscript until Mrs. Wells’
untimely death. Also in a separate category is the late Mr. John
Adams Chapman, whose friendship and counsel were so valuable at
all times. Deserving of special gratitude are Mrs. Marjorie Wilder
Emery, Miss Edith Kohlsaat, Mr. and Mrs. Norman Hanson, Mrs.
John Adams Chapman, Mr. and Mrs. Louis Ellsworth Laflin, Jr., and
Mr. and Mrs. Francis Beidler II.
 Table of Contents
List of Illustrations xi
Author’s Preface xiii

PART ONE THE YOUTHFUL YEARS 1

Chapter I Earliest Memories 3
Chapter II School Days 15
Chapter III Cruises 25
Chapter IV The Crimea 40
Chapter V Spala: 1912 53
Chapter VI Jubilee: 1913 66

PART TWO THE FIRST WORLD WAR 73

Chapter VII Eve of the War: 1914 75
Chapter VIII No Choice But War 83
Chapter IX Family Heartaches 95
Chapter X Mogilev 113
Chapter XI Our Last Autumn in Tsarskoe Selo 126
Chapter XII Revolution 140
Chapter XIII Abdication 152

PART THREE ARREST AND EXILE 171

Chapter XIV Arrest 173
Chapter XV Subjugation 182
Chapter XVI Departure 193
Chapter XVII Journey 203
PART FOUR TOBOLSK 209
Chapter XVIII Orientation 211
Chapter XIX Winter 226
Chapter XX Danger 236
Chapter XXI Separation 248

PART FIVE EKATERINBURG 263

Chapter XXII Reunion 265
Chapter XXIII Deprivation and Courage 278
Chapter XXIV The Nights Are Long 286
Chapter XXV Accusation 291
Chapter XXVI Fear and Dread 297
Chapter XXVII Our Final Decision 303
Chapter XXVIII Dawn Turns to Dusk 314

PART SIX AFTER THE TRAGEDY 321

Chapter XXIX Dugout 323
Chapter XXX Recovery 338
Chapter XXXI Westward Trek 348
Chapter XXXII Alexander 358
Chapter XXXIII Escape 373
Chapter XXXIV Refuge 378

Index 383
 List of Illustrations
FRONTISPIECE
The Grand Duchess Anastasia (portrait)

FIRST GROUP
The Grand Duchess Anastasia
Announcement of Birth of the Grand Duchess Anastasia
The Empress Alexandra
The Grand Duchess Anastasia, the Tsesarevich Alexei
and the Emperor Nicholas II
The Tsesarevich Alexei, the Empress Alexandra and the
Emperor Nicholas II
The Russian Imperial Family on visit to the British Royal
Family
The Grand Duke Alexander and the Grand Duchess Xenia
and Their Children
Alexander Palace, Tsarskoe Selo
The New Palace, Livadia
Nicholas II
The Empress Alexandra
The Tsesarevich Alexei
Nicholas II and the Empress Alexandra
The Grand Duchess Anastasia
The Grand Duchesses Marie, Tatiana, Anastasia and Olga
 The Empress Alexandra with Her Daughters
Nicholas II and the Empress Alexandra and Their Children
The Grand Duchesses Olga and Tatiana
The Grand Duchesses Marie and Anastasia
The Grand Duchesses Anastasia, Olga, Tatiana and Marie
Nicholas II
The Grand Duchess Anastasia, the Empress Alexandra
and President Raymond Poincaré

SECOND GROUP
The Dowager Empress Marie
The Emperor Nicholas II
The Empress Alexandra
The Tsesarevich Alexei
The Grand Duke Michael
The Grand Duchess Elizabeth
The Grand Duchesses Anastasia, Marie and Tatiana
Nicholas II and His Children
The Tsesarevich Alexei and the Grand Duchesses Olga,
Anastasia and Tatiana
The Grand Duchesses Marie, Olga, Anastasia and Tatiana
Views of Tobolsk
Ipatiev House, Ekaterinburg
The Death Chamber, Ipatiev House, Ekaterinburg
The Handkerchief
The Piece of Glass
Map of Ekaterinburg and Vicinity
 The Grand Duchesses Marie and Anastasia
The Grand Duchess Anastasia
Nicholas II with His Children and His Nephew, Prince
Vasili
The Grand Duchess Anastasia
The Grand Duchesses Olga, Tatiana, Anastasia and Marie
The Grand Duchess Anastasia
The Grand Duchess Anastasia and Marjorie Hanson
The Grand Duchess Anastasia

THIRD GROUP
Cameos of the Grand Duchess Anastasia Through the
Years
 Author’s Preface
A few weeks after my arrival in Bukovina—after I had had time to
recover from the emotional and nervous shock and body wounds
which I had suffered at the time of the tragedy on the night of July
16-17, 1918—I decided to write about my home life with my beloved
family, about our arrest, about our exile in Tobolsk and Ekaterinburg,
about the assassination of the family in Ekaterinburg, and about my
rescue and subsequent escape across the frontier.
I made many, many notes, totaling over three hundred pages. I spent
hours and hours in the writing, days and nights of introspective
experiences, of grief and horror. I wrote in a peasant cottage in a
lonely village dotted with thatched-roof houses. I wrote at night in the
candlelight, agonizing over my story. At times the only relief I had
from my misery was the howling or barking of a dog. I remembered
my beloved Father’s words, “Dearest children, are you awake?” Tear
after tear dropped as I labored.
I remembered also my Father’s desire that a history of Russia should
be written by a member of our family. My Father had had in mind that
such a history might be written by my two oldest sisters and, to that
end, he gave them much valuable information. As it has turned out, it
is the youngest sister, the one least prepared to do so, upon whom
devolves the task of writing such a book, if it is to be written. That is
something for the future.
In 1918, after my escape, I thought that the book I had decided to
write about my family and myself might include historical data and
interpretation which would be of interest to the world and would be of
benefit to the Russian people and to their, and my, native land. I
particularly wanted to let the world know the facts about the arrest,
exile and murder of my parents, sisters and brother, and about the
nature of the Bolshevik regime in my country. It was the notes for this
book that I produced so painfully and painstakingly.