MS JUNIOR COLLEGE JR MATHS MID TERM EXAM IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2024

1ST YEAR - MATHEMATICS IB

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (7 MARKS)
STRAIGHT LINE(Q.NO 18)
1. If Q(h, k) is the foot of the perpendicular from P(x 1 , y 1 ) on the line ax + by + c = 0, Prove that
h - x1 k - y1 -(ax 1 + by 1 + c)
= = .
a b a 2 + b2
A: Given that Q(h, k) is the foot of the perpendicular drawn P(x1, y1) on the line ax + by + c = 0.
k - y1
Slope of PQ = h - x
1
-a
Slope of the line ax + by + c = 0 is
.
b
Since PQ is perpendicular to the given line then m1m2 = -1
 k - y1   -a 
  h - x   b  = -1 .
 1

k - y1 h - x1
 =
b a
By ratio and proportion,
h - x 1 k - y 1 a(h - x 1) + b(k - y 1) -ax 1 - by 1 + ah + bk
= = =
a b a(a) + b (b) a2 + b2
 (h, k) lies on the line, ah + bk + c = 0  ah + bk = -c
h - x1 k - y1 -ax 1 - by 1 - c
 = =
a b a2 + b2
h - x1 k - y1 -(ax1 + by1 + c)
 = =
a b a2 + b2

2. If Q(h,k) is the image of P(x 1 , y 1 ) w.r.t the straight line ax+by+c=0 then Prove that
h - x1 k - y1 -2 (ax +by +c)
1 1
= = 2
a b a +b2
Sol: Given that Q(h, k) is the image of P(x1, y1) w.r.t. the line ax + by + c = 0
 h + x1 k + y1 
Midpoint on PQ =  , 
 2 2 
Since Mid Point lies on the given line ax + by + c = 0
 h + x1   k + y1 
a +b  +c=0 .
 2   2 
 ah + ax1 + bk + by1 + 2c = 0
 ah + bk = -ax1 - by1 - 2c ---------- (1)
since PQ is perpendicular to the line ax+by+c=0
 Product of the slopes = -1.
 k - y1   -a 
     = -1
 h - x1   b 
k - y 1 h - x1
 =
b a
h - x1 k - y1
 =
a b
By ratio and propotion,
h - x1 k - y1 a(h - x 1) + b(k - y1) -ax1 - by1 + ah + bk
= = =
a b a(a) + b(b) a2 + b2
-ax1 - by1 - ax1 - by1 - 2c
= from (1)
a2 + b 2
h - x1 k - y1 -2(ax 1 + by 1 + c)
= =
a b a2 + b2

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 MS JUNIOR COLLEGE JR MATHS MID TERM EXAM IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2024
3. I f p and q are t he len gt hs of p erp en d icu lars f rom the or igin t o th e strai ght l ines
x sec  + y cosec  = a and x co s  - y si n  = a cos 2, prov e that 4p 2 + q 2 = a 2 .
Sol: Given that p and q are the lengths of perpendiculars f rom the or igin to t he st raight lines
x sec  + y cosec  = a - - - - - - - - - (1)
x cos - y sin= a cos2- - - - - - - - - (2)
x y
From (1) ; + =a
cos α sin α
 x sin + y cos = a cos sin 
P = Length of the perpendicular from (0, 0) to the line x sin + y cos - a cos sin = 0 is
| -a cos α sin α |
P=
sin2 α + cos2 α
2p = |a . 2 sin  cos |
2p = |a sin 2| ----------- (1)
Similarly Q is the length of the perpendicular from (0, 0) to the line x cos - y sin - a cos 2= 0
| -a cos 2α |
Q=
(cos α)2 + (-sin α)2
q = |a cos 2| -------------- (2)
squaring and adding (1) & (2), we get
(2p)2 + q2 = a2 (sin2 2 + cos2 2)
4p2 + q2 = a2
STRAIGHT LINE(Q.NO 19)
4. Find the circumcentre of the triangle whose vertices are
(i)(-2, 3), (2, -1) (4, 0)
Sol: Let A (-2, 3), B(2, -1) C(4, 0) are the vertices of  ABC
Let S ( x, y) be the Circumentre then SA = SB = SC
SA = SB
SA2 = SB2
(x + 2)2 + (y - 3)2 = (x - 2)2 + (y + 1)2
x2 + 4 + 4x + y2 + 9 - 6y = x2 + 4 - 4x + y2 + 1 + 2y
8x - 8y + 8 = 0 8
x - y +1 = 0 - - - - (1)
Now, SB = SC
SB2 = SC2
(x - 2)2 + (y + 1)2 = (x - 4)2 + (y - 0)2
x2 + 4 - 4x + y2 + 1 + 2y = x2 + 16 - 8y + y2
4x + 2y - 11 = 0 - - - - (2)
Solving (1) and (2) we get
x y 1
-1 1 1 -1
2 -11 4 2
x y 1
 
11  2 4  11 2  4

x y 1
 
9 15 6
9 3
x  
6 2
15 5
y  
6 2

3 5
Circumcentre S =  2 , 2 
 

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 MS JUNIOR COLLEGE JR MATHS MID TERM EXAM IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2024
(ii) A(1, 3), B(-3, 5), C(5, -1).
Sol: Given vertices are A(1, 3), B(-3, 5), C(5, -1).
Let S(, y) be the circumcentre of ABC then SA = SB = SC.
SA = SB
on squaring, we get
(x - 1)2 + (y - 3)2 = (x + 3)2 + (y - 5)2
x2 - 2x + 1 + y2 - 6y + 9 = x2 + 6x + 9 + y2 - 10y + 25
8x- 4y= -24  4
2x- y= - 6 - - - - - - (1)
SA = SC
on squaring, we get
(x - 1)2 + (y - 3)2 = (x - 5)2 + (y + 1)2
x2 - 2x + 1 + y2 - 6y + 9 = x2 - 10x + 25 + y2 + 2y + 1
8x- 8y= 16  8
x- y= 2 - - - - - - (2)
solving (1), (2) 2x - y = -6
x - y= 2
 x = -8
Sub in (2) then, - 8 - y= 2
y= -10.
Hence the coordinates of circumcentre of ABC are (-8, -10).
5. Find the orthocentre of the triangle whose vertices are
(i)(-5, -7), (13,2) and (-5, 6).
Sol: Given vertices of  ABC are A(-5, -7), B(13, 2), C(-5, 6).
Let AD and BE be the altitudes through A, B
2 1y -y 6-2 4 -2
Slope of BC = x - x = -5 - 13 = -18 = 9
2 1

1 9
since AD  BC then Slope of AD = =
Slope of BC 2
Equation of AD is y - y1 = m(x - x1)
9
y+7= (x + 5)
2
2y + 14 = 9x + 45
9x - 2y + 31 = 0 - - - - - - - - - (1)
2 1y -y
6+7 13
Slope of AC = x - x = =
2 1 -5 + 5 0
1
since BE  AC then Slope of BE =
Slope of AC = 0
Equation of BE is y - y1 = m(x - x1)
y - 2 = 0(x - 13)
y = 2 - - - - - - - - (2)
Now (1) becomes 9x - 2(2) + 31 = 0
-27
x= = -3.
9
Hence the required orthocentre is (-3, 2).

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 MS JUNIOR COLLEGE JR MATHS MID TERM EXAM IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2024
(ii) (-2, -1),(6, -1) & (2, 5)
Sol: A (-2, 1) , B(6, -1), C (2, 5) be vertices of  ABC.
2 y -y
1 5 1 6 3
Slope of BC = x - x = 2  6   4  2
2 1

1 2
since AD  BC then Slope of AD = = 3=m
Slope of BC
Equation of AD is y - y1 = m(x - x1)
2
y+1= (x + 2)
3
3 y + 3 = 2x + 4
2x - 3y +1 = 0 - - - - - - - - - (1)
2 y -y
1 5 1 6 3
Slope of AC = x - x = 2  2  4  2
2 1

1 2
since BE  AC then Slope of BE = = = m ( BE  AC)
C)
Slope of AC 3
Equation of BE is y - y1 = m(x - x1)
3y + 3 = - 2x + 12
x + 3y - 9 = 0 - - - - - - - (2)
Solving (1) and (2) we get
x y 1
-3 1 2 -3
3 -9 2 3
x y 1
 
27  3 2  18 6  6
x y 1
 
24 20 12
24 20 5
x   2 y  
12 12 3
 5
Orthocentre =  2, 3 
 
STRAIGHT LINE(Q.NO 20)
6. Find the equations of the straight lines passing through the point (1, 2) and making an angle of 60 0
with the line 3 x +y - 2 =0 .
Sol: Given that the equation of the given line is 3 x + y - 2 = 0  (1)
Angle  = 600
Equation of the line passing through (1, 2) is y - 2 = m (x -1) - - - - (2)
m1  m2
If  is the angle between (1) and (2) then tan  = 1  m m
1 2

m1 = slope of (1) = 3 and m2 = m

 3 m
 3
1 3m

 3 m
3
1 3m

3  3m    3 m 
Squaring on both sides
3 + 9m2 - 6 3 m = 3 + m2 + 2 3 m.

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 MS JUNIOR COLLEGE JR MATHS MID TERM EXAM IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2024
8m2 - 8 3 m = 0 (div by 8)
m2 - 3 m = 0
m (m - 3 ) = 0
m = 0, m = 3
Case (i) : If m = 3 then the equation of the line is
y - 2 = 3 (x - 1)
3 x - y + (2 - 3 ) = 0
Case (ii) : If m = 0, the equation of the line is
y -2 = 0 (x - 1)
y - 2 = 0.
7. T h e b a s e o f a n e q u i la t e r a l tr i a n g le i s x + y - 2 = 0 and the opposite vertex is (2, -1).
Find the equations of the remaining sides.
Sol:Let  ABC be the equilateral triangle with base equation as x + y - 2 = 0
-coe.of x -1
Slope of line = coe.of y = = -1.
1
Given vertex A = (2, -1)
Let m be the Second slope of required equations
m1 - m2
tan  = 1 + m m
1 2

m - (-1)
tan 600 = 1 + m(-1)

m +1
3=
1- m
cross multiply
| 3 - 3 m| = |m + 1|
3 - 3 m=m+1 3 - 3 m=-m-1
3 - 1 = ( 3 + 1)m 3 + 1 = ( 3 - 1)m

3 -1 3 -1 3 +1 3 +1
m= x m= x
3 +1 3 -1 3 -1 3 +1
m = 2- 3 m = 2+ 3
Hence, equations of the remaining sides are y + 1 = (2 - 3 ) (x - 2) and
y + 1 = (2 + 3 ) (x - 2).

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 MS JUNIOR COLLEGE JR MATHS MID TERM EXAM IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2024
PAIR OF STRAIGHT LINES (Q.NO 21)
8. I f θ i s t h e a n g le b e tw e e n t h e p a i r o f l i n e s a x 2 + 2 h x y + b y 2 = 0 , th e n p r o v e t h a t
a +b
c o s θ = (a - b)2 + 4h2
Sol: Let ax2 + 2hxy + by2 = 0 represent the lines
l1x + m1y = 0 ------ (1)
l2x + m2y = 0 ------ (2)
ax2 + 2hxy + by2 = (l1x + m1y) (l2x + m2y) = l1l2x2 + (l1m2 + l2m1) xy + m1m2y2
comparing both sides, we get
l1l2 = a, l1m2 + l2m1 = 2h, m1m2 = b
1 2 + m1m2
Now cos θ = 12 + m12  22 + m2 2

1 2 + m1m2
= 12  22 + m12m22 + 12m22 +  2 2m12

12 + mm
1 2
= 1 2 +m1 m2 -212mm
1 2 + 1 m2 + 2 m1 +21 m22 m1
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

 1 2 + m1m 2
= (  1 2 - m1m2 )2 + (  1m 2 +  2m1 )2

a+b
=
(a - b)2 + (2h)2

9. Prove that the product of perp endiculars f rom a point ( α,β ) to the p air of straight lines
aα 2 + 2hαβ + bβ 2
ax + 2hxy + by = 0 is
2 2
(a - b)2 + 4h 2

Sol: Let ax2 + 2hxy + by2 = 0

l1x + m1y = 0 ------ (1)
l2x + m2y = 0 ------ (2)
ax2+ 2hxy + by2= l1l2x2 + (l1m2 + l2m1) xy + m1m2y2
comparing both sides, we get
l1l2 = a, l1m2 + l2m1 = 2h, m1m2 = b
Given line is lx + my + n = 0 ------ (3)
| ax1 + by1 + c |
length of the perpendicular form (x1, y1) to the line ax + by + c = 0 is .
a2 + b2
product of the perpendiculars from the point ( α,β ) to the lines (1), (2) is
| (1α + m1β) | | ( 2 α + m2β) | | (1α + m1β) (  2 α + m2β) |
x
12 + m12  22 + m22
= ( 2 + m 2 )( 2 + m 2 )
1 1 2 2

| 12α2 +(1m2 + 2m1)αβ +mm 2

1 2β |
=  2 2 +m 2m 2 -2  mm +  2m 2 +  2m 2 +2 m  m
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 1

| 1 2α2 + (1m2 +  2m1)αβ + m1m2β2 |

=
(1 2 - m1m2 )2 + (1m2 +  2m1)2

| aα2 + 2hαβ + bβ2 |

=
(a - b)2 + (2h)2

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 MS JUNIOR COLLEGE JR MATHS MID TERM EXAM IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2024
4. Show that the area of the triangle formed by the lines ax 2+2hxy+by 2=0 and lx+my+n=0
n2 h2 - ab
is square units..
| am 2 - 2h m + b  2 |
Sol: Let ax2 + 2hxy + by2 = 0 represent the lines l1x + m1y = 0 ------ (1)
l2x + m2y = 0 ------ (2)
ax2 + 2hxy + by2 = (l1x + m1y) (l2x + m2y) = l1l2x2 + (l1m2 + l2m1) xy + m1m2y2
comparing both sides, we get
l1l2 = a, l1m2 + l2m1 = 2h, m1m2 = b
Given line is lx + my + n = 0 ------ (3)
solving (1), (2) we get O(0, 0)
solving (1), (3) by cross multiplication rule, similarly by solving (2), (3), we get
x1 y1 1 m1 0 1 m1  m n
2 - n
2

= = B(x2, y2) =   m - m  ,  m - m  
m1n -1n 1m - m1 m n  m  2 2 2 2 

 m1n -1n 
A(x1, y1) =   m - m  ,  m - m  
 1 1 1 1 

1 1 m1n  - 2n   m2n  -1n 

Area of  OAB= |x1y2 - x2y1| = 2   m - m  
  -  
 
2  1 1   2m - m2    2m - m2  1m - m1 

1 n2 (1m2 -  2m1 )
= 2 ( m - m )( m - m  )
1 1 2 2

1 n (1m2 +  2m1 ) - 41 2m1m2

2 2

= 2   m2 - ( m +  m )m + m m 2
1 2 1 2 2 1 1 2

1 n2 (2h)2 - 4ab
=
2 | am2 - 2hm + b 2 |

1 2n2 h2 - ab
=
2 | am2 - 2hm + b2 |

n 2 h 2 - ab
= square units.
| am 2 - 2h  m + b  2 |

PAIR OF STRAIGHT LINES (Q.NO 22)

11. If ax 2+2hxy+by 2+2gx+2fy+c=0 represents a pair of straight lines, then prove that
(i) abc + 2fgh - af 2 - bg 2 - ch2 = 0 (ii) h 2 > ab, g 2 > ac and f 2 > bc.
Sol: Let ax2 + 2hxy + by2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 represent the lines
l1x + m1y + n1 = 0 ------ (1)
l2x + m2y + n2 = 0 ------ (2)
ax2 + 2hxy + by2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = (l1x + m1y + n1) (l2x + m2y + n2)
= l1l2x2 + (l1m2 + l2m1) xy + m1m2y2 + (l1n2 + l2n1)x + (m1n2 + m2n1) y + n1n2
comparing both sides, we get
l1l2 = a, l1m2 + l2m1 = 2h,
m1m2 = b l1n2 + l2n1 = 2g,
n1n2 = c m1n2 + m2n1 = 2f,

l1 l2 0 l1 m1 n1
m1 m2 0 l2 m2 n2  0
Now we take
n1 n2 0 0 0 0

From 2nd Determinant R1  R2 then

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 MS JUNIOR COLLEGE JR MATHS MID TERM EXAM IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2024

l1 l2 0 l2 m2 n2
m1 m2 0 l1 m1 n1  0
n1 n2 0 0 0 0

l1l2  l1l2  0 l1m2  m1l2  0 l1n2  n1l2  0

m1l2  l1m2  0 m1m2  m1m2  0 m1n2  n1m2  0  0
n1l2  l1n2  0 n1m2  m1n2  0 n1n2  n1n2  0

2a 2h 2g
2h 2b 2f 0
2g 2 f 2c

a h g
h b f 0
g f c

By Expanding the determinant we get,

a[ bc - f2 ] - h[ hc - gf ] + g[ hf - bg ] = 0
abc - af2 - ch2 + hgf + ghf - bg2 = 0
abc + 2ghf - af2 - bg2 - ch2 = 0
2 2
 m + m   2m 2 +  22m12 + 21m2  2m1 - 41 2m1m2  1m2 -  2m1 
Now h - ab =  1 2 2 1  - l1l2m1m2 = 1 2
2
=  >0
 2  4  2 
h2 - ab > 0  h2 > ab.
Similarly, we can show that g2 > ac and f2 > bc.
12. If the equation ax2+2hxy+by2+2gx+2fy+c=0 represents two parallel straight lines, then P. T
2 2
g - ac f -bc
(i) h2=ab (ii) af2=bg2 and (iii) the distance between the parallel lines is 2 a(a +b) or 2 b(a +b)
Sol: Let ax2 + 2hxy + by2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 represent the lines
x + my + n1 = 0 ------ (1)
x + my + n2 = 0 ------ (2)
ax2 + 2hxy + by2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = (x + my + n1) (x + my + n2)\ = 2x2 + 2mxy+ m2y2 + (n1+ n2) x + m(n1 + n2)y + n1n2
comparing both sides, we get
2 = a, 2m = 2h, m2 = b
(n1 + n2) = 2g, m(n1 + n2) = 2f, n1n2 = c
Now 2h = 2m  h = m h2 = 2m2 h2 = ab.
(n1 + n2 ) 2g  g
m(n1 + n2 ) = 2f  m = f   f = m g af = bg
2 2 2 2 2 2

Distance between the parallel lines (1), (2)

| c1 - c 2 | | n1 - n2 | (n1 + n2 )2 - 4n1n2
= = =
a2 + b2 2 + m2  2 + m2

2
 2g  - 4c 4g2 - 4ac
   a g2 - ac
=   = =2.
a+b a(a + b)
a+b
Also distance between the parallel lines (1), (2)

 2fm 
2
(n1 + n2 )2 - 4n1n2 - 4c 4f 2 - 4bc
b f 2 - bc
= = = =2.
 2 + m2 a+b a+b b(a + b)

::29::
 MS JUNIOR COLLEGE JR MATHS MID TERM EXAM IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2024
13. If the equation ax +2hxy+by =0 represents a pair of lines, prove that the combined equation of the
2 2

pair of bisectors bisecting the angle between these lines is h(x 2-y 2) = (a-b)xy.
Sol: Let ax2 + 2hxy + by2 = 0 represent the lines l1x + m1y = 0 ------------- (1)
l2x + m2y = 0 ------------- (2)
ax2 + 2hxy + by2 = l1l2x2 + (l1m2 + l2m1) xy + m1m2y2
comparing both sides, we get
l1l2 = a, l1m2 + l2m1 = 2h, m1m2 = b
 1x + m1y  2 x + m2 y
=
Equations of bisectors of angles between (1) & (2) are  12 + m12  22 + m 2 2
squaring and cross multiplying, we get
(l22 + m22) [l12x2 + 2l1m1xy + m12y2] = (l12 + m12) [l22x2 + 2l2m2xy + m22y2]
[l12l22 + l12m22 - l12l22 - l22m12] x2 - [l12m22 + m12m22 - l22m12 - m12m22]y2 = 2xy[l2m2(l12+m12) - l1m1(l22 + m22)]
(l12m22 - l22m12) (x2 - y2) = 2xy [l1l2 (l1m2 - l2m1) - m1m2(l1m2 - l2m1)] (div by l1m2 - l2m1)
(l1m2 + l2m1) (x2 - y2) = 2xy(l1l2 - m1m2)
2h(x2 - y2) = 2xy(a - b)
h(x2 - y2) - (a - b) xy = 0.
PAIR OF STRAIGHT LINES (Q.NO 23)
14. S h o w t h a t t h e l i n e s j o i n i n g t h e o r i g i n t o t h e p o i n ts o f i n te r s e c t i o n o f t h e c u r v e
x 2 - xy + y 2 + 3x + 3y -2 = 0 and the straight line x - y - 2 = 0 aree mutually perpendicular.
Sol: Let O the origin and P, Q be the P.O.I of the curve x2 - xy + y2 + 3x + 3y - 2 = 0 and line x - y - 2 = 0.
x-y
Now from line x - y = 2  2
=1

2
x-y x-y x-y
Combined equation of OP, OQ : x - xy + y + 3x 2
 + 3y   - 2
2
 =0
 2   2   2 
2x2 - 2xy + 2y2 + 3 2 x2 - 3 2 xy + 3 2 xy - 3 2 y2 - 2x2 + 4xy - 2y2 = 0.
3 2 x2 + 2xy - 3 2 y2 = 0

|a+b| |3 2 -3 2|
Let θ be the angle between POQ then cos θ = = = 0.
(a - b)2 + (2h)2 (3 2 + 3 2)2 + 22

θ = 900
Thus given line and equation are perpendicular to each other.
15. Find the lines joining origin to the point of intersection of curve 7x 2 - 4xy + 8y 2 + 2x - 4y - 8 = 0
with the straight line 3x - y = 2 and also the angle between them.

 3x  y 
Sol: Given line 3x - y = 2 _______
(1)   2  =1
 
Given eq’n 7x2 - 4xy + 8y2 + 2x - 4y - 8 = 0 _______ (2)
Homogenising equation (2) w.r.to (1)
7x2 - 4xy + 8y2 + 2x(1)- 4y(1) - 8(1)2 = 0
 3xy   3x  y   3x  y 
2

7x - 4xy+8y +2x 
2 2
 - 4y  2  - 8  2  = 0
 2 
7x2 - 4xy + 8y2 + 3x2 - xy - 6xy + 2y2 - 2 (9x2 - 6xy + y2) = 0
10x2 - 11xy + 10y2 - 18x2 + 12xy - 2y2 = 0
- 8x2 + xy + 8y2 = 0
8x2 - xy - 8y2 = 0
Here, a = 8, 2h = -1, b = -8
|a+b| |8-8|
cos θ = = =0
(a - b)2 + (2h)2 (8 + 8)2 + (-1)2

θ = 900.

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MS JUNIOR COLLEGE JR MATHS MID TERM EXAM IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2024
16. Find the angle between the lines joining the origin to the points of intersection of the curve
x 2 + 2xy + y 2 + 2x + 2y - 5 = 0 an d t he li ne 3x - y + 1 = 0.
Sol: Let O be the origin and P, Q be the points of intersection of the curve
x2 + 2xy + y2 + 2x + 2y - 5 = 0 and line 3x - y + 1 = 0
then y - 3x = 1
Now combined equation of OP and OQ is x2 + 2xy + y2 + 2x(y - 3x) + 2y (y - 3x) - 5(y - 3x)2 = 0
x2 + 2xy + y2+ 2xy - 6x2+2y2 - 6xy - 5y2 + 30xy - 45x2 = 0.
- 50x + 28xy - 2y = 0
2 2
(DIV BY - 2)
25x - 14xy + y = 0
2 2

Here, a = 25, 2h = - 14, and b = 1

|a+b| 26 26 26 13
cos θ = = = = =
 24  + 14 
2 2 2 2
(a - b) + (2h) 772 2 193 193

 13 
θ =  193  .
PAIR OF STRAIGHT LINES (Q.NO 24)
17. Find the values of k, if the lines joining the origin to the points of intersection of the
curve 2x 2 -2xy+3y 2 +2x-y-1=0 and the line x+2y=k are mutually perpendicular.
Sol: Let O be the origin and P, Q be the points of intersection of the curve
x + 2y
2x2 - 2xy + 3y2 + 2x - y - 1 = 0 and the line x + 2y = k  =1
k
2
 x + 2y   x + 2y   x + 2y 
Now the combined equation of OP and OQ : 2x2-2xy + 3y2 + 2x   - y -  =0
 k   k   k 
2k2x2 - 2k2xy + 3k2y2 + 2kx2 + 4kxy - kxy - 2ky2 - x2 - 4xy - 4y2 = 0.
Coeff. of x2 + coeff. of y2 = 0
2k2 + 2k - 1 + 3k2 - 2k - 4 = 0
5k2 = 5
k2 = 1
k = +1.
18. Find the condition for the chord lx + my = 1 of the circle x 2 + y 2 = a 2 (whose centre is the origin)
to subtend a right angle at the origin.
Sol: Equation of the circle is x2 + y2 = a2 _______ (1)
Equation of AB is lx + my = 1 __________ (2)
Homogenising (1) with the help of (2)
The Combined equation of OA, OB is x2 + y2 = a2 (1)2
x2 + y2 = a2 (lx + my)2
x2 + y2 = a2 (l2x2 + m2y2 + 2lmxy)
x2 + y2 = a2l2x2 + a2m2y2 2a2lmxy
(a l - 1) x + 2a lmxy + (a m - 1) y2 = 0
2 2 2 2 2 2

Coefficient of x2 + co-efficient of y2 = 0
a2l2 - 1 + a2m2 - 1 = 0
a2 (l2 + m2) = 2
19. Find the condition for the lines joining the origin to the points of interesection of the circle
x 2 + y 2 = a2 and the line lx + my = 1 to coincide.
Sol: Equation of the circle is x2 + y2 = a2 _______ (1)
Equation of AB is lx + my = 1 _______ (2)
Homogenising (1) with the help of (2)
The Combined equation of OA, OB : x2 + y2 = a2 (1)2
x2 + y2 = a2 (lx + my)2
x2 + y2 = a2(l2x2 + m2y2 + 2lmxy)
x2 + y2 = a2l2x2 + a2m2y2 + 2a2lmxy
(a2l2 - 1) x2 + 2a2 lmxy + (a2m2 - 1) y2 = 0
Given OA, OB coincide i.e, h2 = ab
::31::
 MS JUNIOR COLLEGE JR MATHS MID TERM EXAM IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2024
(a2 lm)2 = (a2l2 - 1) (a2 m2 - 1)
a4l2m2 = a4l2m2 - a2l2 - a2m2 + 1
a2l2 + a2 m2 = 1
a2(l2 + m2) = 1.
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 MARKS)
LOCUS (Q.NO 11)
1. Find the equation of the locus of P, if the ratio of the distances from P to A(5, -4) and B(7, 6) is 2 : 3.
Sol: Let P(x1, y1) be any point on the locus.
PA 2

PB 3
3PA = 2PB
9PA2 = 4PB2
9[(x1 - 5)2 + (y1 + 4)2] = 4 [(x1 - 7)2 + (y1 - 6)2]
9[x12 + 25 - 10x1 + y12 + 16 + 8y1] = 4(x12 + 49 - 14x1 + y12 + 36 - 12y1]
9x12 + 225 - 90x1 + 9y12 + 144 + 72y1 = 4x12 + 196 - 56x1 + 4y2 + 144 - 48y1.
5x12 + 5y12 + 34x1 + 120y1 + 29 = 0
Hence the required equation of locus is 5x2 + 5y2 - 34x + 120y + 29 = 0.

2. Find the equation of locus of P, if the line segment joining (2,3), (-1,5) subtends a right angle at P.
Sol: Let P(x1, y1) be any point on the locus.
Given two points are A(2, 3), B(-1, 5).
Given Condition PA2 + PB2 = AB2
(x1 - 2)2 + (y1 - 3)2 + (x1 + 1)2 + (y1 - 5)2 = (2 + 1)2 + (3 - 5)2
x12 - 4x1 + 4 + y12 + 9 - 6y1 + x12 + 2x1 + 1 + y12 + 25 - 10y1 = 9 + 4
2x12 + 2y12 - 2x1 - 16y1 + 26 = 0
x12 + y12 - x1 - 8y1 + 13 = 0.
Hence, the required equation of the locus is x2 + y2 - x - 8y + 13 = 0.

3. A(1, 2), B(2, -3) and C(-2, 3) are three points. A point P moves such that PA2 + PB2 = 2PC2. Show that the equation
to the locus of P is 7x - 7y + 4 = 0.
Sol:Let P(x1, y1) be any point on the locus.
Given three points are A(1, 2), B(2, -3), C(-2, 3).
Given condition PA2 + PB2 = 2PC2.
(x1 - 1)2 + (y1 - 2)2 + (x1- 2)2 + (y1 + 3)2 = 2[(x1 + 2)2 + (y1 - 3)2].
x 12 - 2x1 + 1+ y 12 - 4y1 + 4 + x 12 - 4x1 + 4 + y 12 + 6y1 + 9 = 2 [x 2 + 4 x + 4 + y 2 - 6 y + 9 ]
1 1 1 1

- 6x1 + 2y1 + 18 = 8x1 - 12y1 + 26

14x1 - 14y1 + 8 = 0 (div by 2)
7x1 - 7y1 + 4 = 0
Hence the required equation of the locus is 7x - 7y + 4 = 0.

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 MS JUNIOR COLLEGE JR MATHS MID TERM EXAM IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2024
LOCUS (Q.NO 12)
4. A(5,3) and B(3, -2) are two fixed points. Find the equation of locus of P, so that the area of triangle PAB is 9.
Sol: Let P(x1, y1) be any point on the locus.
Given two points are A(5, 3), B(3, -2).
Area of PAB = 9
1 x1 5 3 x1
=9.
2 y1 3 -2 y1

1
|3x1 - 5y1 - 10 - 9 + 3y1 + 2x1| = 9.
2
|5x1 - 2y1 - 19| = 18
5x1 - 2y1 - 19 =  18
5x1 - 2y1 - 19 = 18 5x1 - 2y1 - 19 = - 18
5x1 - 2y1 - 37 = 0 5x1 - 2y1 - 1 = 0
 Required equation of locus is (5x - 2y - 37) (5x - 2y - 1) = 0
5. Find the equation of locus of the point, the sum of whose distances from (0, 2) and (0, - 2) is 6 units.
Sol: Let P(x1, y1) be any point on the locus.
Given two points are A(0, 2), B(0, -2).
Given Condition : PA + PB = 6.
PA = 6 - PB
Squaring on both sides,
PA2 = 36 + PB2 - 12 PB

  x 1  0  + (y 1 - 2) = 36 +   x 1  0  + (y 1 + 2)   12 PB

2 2 2 2

x12 + y12 - 4y1 + 4 = 36 + x12 + y12 + 4y1 + 4 - 12 PB

- 4y1 - 4y1 - 36 = - 12 PB  -4)
(

2y1 + 9 = 3 PB
Again squaring on bothsides,
( 2y1 + 9 )2 = 9 PB2

4y12 + 36y1 + 81 = 9  x1  0  + (y1 + 2) 

2 2

4y12 + 36y1 + 81 = 9 [ x12 + y12 + 4y1 + 4 ]

4y12 + 36y1 + 81 = 9x12 + 9y12 + 36y1 + 36
9x12 + 5y12 = 45  ( 45 )

x12 y12
+ =1
5 9

x2 y2
 Required equation of locus is 5 + 9 = 1 .
6. Find the equation of the locus of point ‘P’ such that the distance of P from the origin is twice the distance of P
from A (1, 2).
Sol: Let P(x1, y1) be any point on the locus.
Given points are O(0, 0), A(1, 2).
Given condition : OP = 2PA
OP2 = 4PA2

 (x1 - 0) + (y 1 - 0) = 4 (x1 - 1) + (y1 - 2) 

2 2 2 2

x12 + y12 = 4[x12 - 2x1 + 1 + y12 - 4y1 + 4]

3x12 + 3y12 - 8x1 - 16y1 + 20 = 0.
 Required equation of locus is 3x2 + 3y2 - 8x - 16y + 20 = 0
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 MS JUNIOR COLLEGE JR MATHS MID TERM EXAM IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2024
TRANSFORMATION OF AXES (Q.NO 13)
7. F i n d t h e tr a n s f o r m e d e q u a t i o n o f 3 x 2 + 1 0 x y + 3 y 2 = 9 w h e n t h e a x e s a r e r o ta te d
π
t h ro u g h a n a n g le .
4
π
Sol: Let (X, Y) be new coordinates of the point (x, y) when the axes are rotated through an angle .
4
Transformation equations are, x = X cos θ - Y sin θ , y = X sin θ + Y cos θ
1 1 1 1
x=X -Y , y=X +Y
2 2 2 2
X-Y X+Y
x= , y=
2 2
Given equation is 3x2 + 10xy + 3y2 = 9
2 2
X-Y  X- Y X+Y X+Y
3  + 10   +3  =9
 2   2  2   2 
3(X2 - 2XY + Y2) + 10(X2 - Y2) + 3(X2 + 2XY + Y2) = 2(9)
16X2 - 4Y2 = 18 (Div by 2)
8X2 - 2Y2 = 9
Hence the required transformed equation is 8X2 - 2Y2 = 9.
π
8. Find transformed equation of x 2 + 2 3 xy - y 2 = 2a 2 when the axes are rotated through an angle .
6
π
Sol: Let (X, Y) be new coordinates of point (x, y) when the axes are rotated through an angle .
6
Transformation equations are, x = X cos  - Y sin  , y = X sin  + Y cos 

3 1 1 3
x=X - Y.. , y=X. +Y.
2 2 2 2

3X - Y X + 3Y
x= , y=
2 2
2 2
 3X - Y   3X - Y   X + 3Y   X + 3Y  2
The required transformed equation is   + 2 3     -   = 2a
 2   2  2   2 

3X2 - 2 3 XY + Y2 + 2 3 ( 3 X2 + 2XY - 3 Y2) - (X2 + 2 3 XY + 3Y2) = 4(2a2)

8X2 - 8Y2 = 8a2 (Div by 8)
X2 - Y2 = a2
1  2h 
9. Show that the axes are to be rotated through an angle Tan -1  a - b  so as to removee xy
2  
π
term from the equation ax 2 + 2hxy + by 2 = 0 if a  b and through an angle if a = b.
4
Sol: Let (X, Y) is new coordinates of the point (x, y)
Transformation equations are, x = X cos  - Y sin  , y = X sin  + Y cos q
Given equation of the curve is ax + 2hxy + by = 0.
2 2

The transformed equation is :

a(X cos  - Y sin  )2+2h(X cos  - Y sin  )(X sin  + Y cos  )+b(X sin  + Y cos  )2= 0.
a(X2 cos2  - 2XY cos  sin  +Y2 sin2  ) + 2h(X2 cos  sin  + XY cos2  - XY sin2  - Y2 sin  cos  ) +
b(X2 sin2  + 2XY sin  cos  + Y2 cos2  ) = 0.
since xy term is to be eliminated then coefficient of XY = 0.
- 2a cos sin + 2h cos2 - 2h sin2 + 2b sin  cos = 0.
2h(cos2  - sin2  ) = (a - b) 2 sin  cos 

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 MS JUNIOR COLLEGE JR MATHS MID TERM EXAM IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2024
2h cos 2  = (a - b) sin 2 
If a  b If a = b
2h sin 2θ
= 2h cos 2  = 0
a - b cos 2θ
2h
tan 2  = cos 2  = 0
a-b

 2h  π
2  = tan-1  a - b  2 =
  2

1  2h  π
= 2
an-1  a - b 
tan
 
 =4
TRANSFORMATION OF AXES (Q.NO 14)
10. F i n d t h e t r a n s f o r m e d e q u a t i o n o f 2 x 2 + 4 x y + 5 y 2 = 0 , w h e n t h e o r i g i n
i s s h i f te d t o ( 3 , 4 ) b y t h e tr a n s la t i o n o f a x es .
Sol: Let (X, Y) be the new coordinates of (x, y) when axes are translated to point (h, k) = (3, 4).
Transformation equations are, x = X + h, y=Y+k
x = X + 3, y=Y+4
Given curve equation is 2x + 4xy + 5y = 0.
2 2

Transformed equation is 2(X + 3)2 + 4(X + 3) (Y + 4) + 5(Y + 4)2 = 0.

2(X2 + 6X + 9) + 4(XY + 4X + 3Y + 12) + 5(Y2 + 8Y + 16) = 0.
2X2 + 4XY + 5Y2 + 28X + 52Y + 146 = 0.
11. I f t h e tra n s f o r m e d e q u a t i o n o f a c u r ve i s X 2 + 3 X Y - 2 Y 2 + 1 7 X - 7 Y - 1 1 = 0 ,
wh e n t h e o r i g i n i s s h i f te d t o ( 2 , 3 ) . F i n d t he o r i g i n a l eq ua t i o n o f t h e c u r ve .
Sol: Let (X, Y) be the new coordinates of the point (x, y) when the axes are translated to the point (h, k).
Here (h, k) = (2, 3).
Transformation equations are, x = X + h, y=Y+k
x = X + 2, y=Y+3
x = x - 2, Y=y-3
Given transformed equation of the curve is X + 3XY - 2Y2 + 17X - 7Y - 11 = 0.
2

The original equation of the curve is (x - 2)2 + 3(x - 2) (y - 3) - 2(y - 3)2 + 17(x - 2) -7(y - 3) - 11 = 0
x2 - 4x + 4 + 3(xy - 3x - 2y + 6) - 2(y2 - 6y + 9) + 17x - 34 -7y + 21 - 11 = 0.
x2 + 3xy - 2y2 + 4x - y - 20 = 0.
12. When the axes are rotated through an angle 45 0 , the transformed equat ion of a
curve is 17X 2 - 16XY + 17Y 2 = 225. Find the original equation of the curve.
Sol: Let (X, Y) be the new coordinates of the point (x, y) when the axes are rotated through an angle  .
Transformation equations are, X = x cos  + y sin  , Y = -x sin  + y cos 
1 1 1 1
X=x. + y.. , Y=-x. + y..
2 2 2 2
x+y -x + y
X= , Y=
2 2
Given transformed equation is 17X - 16XY + 17Y = 225.
2 2

2 2
x+y  x + y  -x + y   -x + y 
The required original equation is 17   - 16    + 17   = 225
 2   2  2   2 
17(x2+2xy+y2) - 16(y2-x2) + 17(x2-2xy+y2) = 2(225)
25x2 + 9y2 = 225.

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 MS JUNIOR COLLEGE JR MATHS MID TERM EXAM IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2024
STRAIGHT LINE(Q.NO 15)

13. A straight line through Q 3,2 makes an angle of with x-axis in positive direction.

)
6
If the straight line intersects 3 x - 4y + 8 = 0 at P, find the distance of PQ..

Sol: Given Q 3,2 = (x1, y1) and  =
(

) 6
Let PQ = r

    r 3 r
The coordinates of P = (x1 + r cos  , y1 + r sin  ) =  3 + r cos 6 ,2  r sin 6  =  3 + 2 ,2 + 2 
   
P lies on the line 3 x - 4y + 8 = 0

 r 3  r
3 3+  2+ 2 + 8 = 0

 2  - 4  

3r 4r
3+ -8- +8=0
2 2
r
3- =0
2
r
=3
2
r=6
PQ = 6.
14. A straight line with slope 1 passes through Q(-3, 5) meets the straight line x + y - 6 = 0 at P.
Find the distamce PQ.
Sol: Slope m = 1
Tan  = 1 then  = 450
Q(-3, 5) = (x1, y1)
Let PQ = r
 r r 
Coordinates of P = (x1 + r cos  , y1 + r sin  ) = (-3 + r cos 450, 5 + r sin 450) =  3  ,5  
 2 2
Since P lies on the line x + y - 6 = 0
r r
3  5 -6 = 0
2 2
2r
=4
2
r= 2 2.
PQ = 2 2 .
3π
15. A straight line through Q(2, 3) makes an angle with negative direction of the x-axis.
4
If the straight line intersects the line x + y - 7 = 0 at P, find the distance PQ.
3π 3π π
Sol: Since the line through Q makes an angle
4
with the negative direction of X-axis =  - 4 = 4 .
 π π  r r 
Coordinates of P = (x1 + r cos  , y1 + r sin  ) =  2 + r cos 4 , 3 + r sin 4  =  2 + ,3+ 
   2 2
since P lies on the line x + y - 7 = 0,
r r
2+ +3+ - 7 = 0.
2 2
2r
=2
2
r= 2
PQ = 2 units.
::36::
 MS JUNIOR COLLEGE JR MATHS MID TERM EXAM IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2024
STRAIGHT LINE(Q.NO 16)
1 6. Find the values of k, if the angle between the straight lines 4x - y + 7 = 0 a n d kx - 5y - 9 = 0 i s 450.
Sol: Given that 450 is the angle between the lines 4x - y + 7 = 0 a n d kx - 5y - 9 = 0 .
 a 4
Slope of 4x - y + 7 = 0 is m1 =  4
b 1
a k k
Slope of kx - 5y - 9 = 0 is m2 =  
b 5 5

m1  m2
Angle between m1m2 is tan θ =
1  m1m2

k
4
tan 45 = 5
k
1 4
5

20  k
1=
5  4k
5+4k =   20  k 
5 + 4k = 20 - k 5 + 4k = - 20 + k
5k = 15 3k = - 25
 25
k=3 k=
3
17. Show that the lines x - 7y - 22 = 0, 3x + 4y + 9 = 0 and 7x + y - 54 = 0 form a right angled isosceles triangle.
a 1 1
Sol: Slope of x - 7y - 22 = 0 is m1 =  
b 7 7
a 3
Slope of 3x + 4y + 9 = 0 is m2 = 
b 4
a 7
Slope of 7x + y - 54 = 0 is m3 =   7
b 1

m1  m2
Angle between 1 & 2 is tan A =
1  m1m2

1 3 4  21

7 4 28 25
ta n A = =  1
1  3  28  3 25
1  
7 4  28
 A = 450.

m2  m3
Angle between 2 & 3 is tan B =
1  m2 m3

3 3  28
  7 
25
tan B = 4 = 4  1
3 4  21 25
1 7 
4 4
 B = 450.
A + B + C = 180
45 + 45 + C = 180
C = 1800 - (A + B)
= 1800 - (45 + 45)
= 900
Hence ABC is a right angled isosceles triangle.
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 MS JUNIOR COLLEGE JR MATHS MID TERM EXAM IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2024
18. Find the equations of lines passing through the point (-3, 2) and making an angle 450 with the line 3x - y + 4 = 0.
Sol: Let the slope of the required line be m.
-3
Given that this line makes angle 45 0 with the line 3x - y + 4 = 0 whose slope is m1 = = 3.
-1
| m1 - m2 |
tan 45 = 1 + m m
1 2

|3-m|
1=
1 + 3m
(1 + 3m)2 = (3 - m)2
1 + 6m + 9m2 = 9 - 6m + m2
8m 2 + 12m - 8 = 0
2m 2 + 3m - 2 = 0
2m 2 + 4m - m - 2 = 0
2m(m + 2) -1(m + 2) = 0
1
m = or -2
2
1 1
Equation of the line passing through (-3, 2) and having slope is y - 2 = (x + 3)
2 2
2y - 4 = x + 3
x - 2y + 7 = 0
Equation of the line passing through (-3, 2) and having slope -2 is y - 2 = -2(x + 3)
2x + y + 4 = 0.
STRAIGHT LINE(Q.NO 17)
19. Find the equation of the straight line making equal intercepts on the coordinate axesand passing
through the point of intersection of the lines 2x - 5y + 1 = 0 and x - 3y - 4 = 0.
Sol: Equations of given two lines are 2x - 5y + 1 = 0 - - - - - (1)
x - 3y - 4 = 0 - - - - - - (2)
Solving (1), (2), we get 2x - 5y + 1 = 0 - - - - - - - (1)
2x - 6y - 8 = 0 - - - - - - - (2) x 2
y+9=0
then y = - 9
From (1), 2x + 45 + 1 = 0
2x = - 46 then x = -23
The point of intersection of two lines is (-23, -9).
x y
Equation of the line which makes equal intercepts on the axes is + = 1 then x + y = a
a a
Since it passes through (-23, -9)
-23 - 9 = a, then a = -32
Hence the required equation of the line is x + y + 32 = 0.

20. Find the equation of the straight line perpendicular to the line 2x + 3y = 0 and passing through the point of
intersection of the lines x + 3y - 1 = 0 and x - 2y + 4 = 0.
Sol: Solving x + 3y = 1 ---------- (1)
x - 2y = - 4 ---------- (2)
on subtraction y = 1
x + 3(1) = 1
x=-2
 Point of intersection of (1), (2) is (- 2 , 1).
Now, equation of the line perpendicular to the line 2x + 3y = 0 is in the form 3x - 2y + k = 0.
since it passes through (- 2, 1)
3(- 2) - 2 (1) + k = 0
- 6 - 2 + k = 0
 k = 8.
Hence, the required equation of the line is 3x - 2y - 8 = 0.

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 MS JUNIOR COLLEGE JR MATHS MID TERM EXAM IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2024
21. Find the equation straight line parallel to the line 3x + 4y = 7 and the point of intersection of x -
2y - 3 = 0 and x + 3y - 6 = 0.
sol: Given lines x - 2y - 3 = 0 and x + 3y - 6 = 0
Equation of any lines passing through point of intersection of lines is L1 + KL2 = 0
then x - 2y - 3 + k( x + 3y - 6 ) = 0--------- (1)
( 1 + k )x + ( -2 + 3k )y + ( -3 - 6k ) = 0 --------- (2)
then equation (2) is parallel to 3x + 4y - 7 = 0.
a1 b1 3 4
then   
a2 b2 1  k 2  3k
3 ( -2 + 3k ) = 4 (1 + k )
- 6 + 9k = 4 + 4k
5k = 10
k=2
Now, sub k in (1) then equation of required line is 3x + 4y -15 = 0.
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 MARKS)
STRAIGHT LINE(Q.NO 1 - 10)
1. Find the value of x, if the slope of the line joining (2, 5) and (x, 3) is 2.
Sol: Slope of the line joining (2, 5) and (x, 3) is 2.

y 2 - y1
x 2 - x1 = 2

3-5
=2
x-2
- 2 = 2(x - 2)
-1=x-2
x = 1.
2. A(10, 4) B(-4, 9) and C(-2, -1) are the vertices of a triangle ABC, find the equation of the
altitudes through B.
Sol: Given vertices are A(10, 4) B(-4, 9) and C(-2, -1)
y 2  y1 1  4 5 5
Slope of AC= x  x = 2  10 = 12 = 12
2 1

12
Slope of BE(m)=  5  AC  BE  , B(-4, 9)

Equation of BE  y  y1   m(x  x1 )
12
 y  9   (x  4)
5
5(y - 9) = - 12(x + 4)
 12x + 5y + 3 = 0.
3. Find the equation of the straight line passing through (-2, 4) and making equal intercepts
on the axes whose sum is zero.
x y
Sol: Equation of the straight line is + =1
a b
Given a + b = 0
b = -a
x y
+ =1
a -a
x-y=a
Since it passes through the point (-2, 4), we get - 2 - 4 = a THEN a = - 6.
Required equation of the straight line is x - y +6 = 0.

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 MS JUNIOR COLLEGE JR MATHS MID TERM EXAM IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2024
4. Find the equation of straight line passing through the point (2, 3) and making intercepts
on the axes of coordinates whose sum is zero.
x y
Sol: Equation of the staight line is a  b  1
Given a + b = 0
b=-a
x y
+ =1
a -a
x-y=a
since it is passing through (2, 3) THEN 2 - 3 = a then a = -1
 required equaion of the straight line is x - y + 1 = 0.

5. Find the equation of the straight line passing through (-4, 5) and cutting off equal
intercepts on the coordinate axes.
x y
Sol: Equation of the straight line cutting off equal intercepts on the axes is + = 1.
a a
x + y = a.
since it passes through (-4, 5) THEN - 4 + 5 = a then a = 1.
Required equation of the line x + y = 1.
6. Find the condition for the points (a, 0), (h, k) and (0, b) Where ab ¹ 0 to be collinear.
Sol: A(a, 0), B(h, k), C(0, b) are collinear.
Slope of AB = Slope of AC
k-0 b-0
=
h-a 0-a
on cross multiplication,
- ak = hb - ab
ab = hb + ak (Div by ab)
h k
1= +
a b
h k
Required condition is + = 1.
a b
7. Find equation of the straight line passing through the points (at 12, 2at 1) and (at 22, 2at 2).
A: Equation of the straight line passing through the points A(at12, 2at1) and B(at22, 2at2) is
y 2 - y1
y - y1 = x - x (x - x1)
2 1

2a (t 2 - t1 )
y - 2at1 = a(t 2 - t 2 ) (x - at12)
2 1

2
y - 2at1 = t + t (x - at12)
1 2
y(t1 + t2) - 2at12 - 2at1t2 = 2x - 2at12
2x - (t1 + t2) y + 2at1t2 = 0.
8. If the product of the intercepts made by the straight line x tan  + y sec  = 1 (0 < a < p/2)
on the coordinate axes is equal to sin  , find  .
Sol: Given equation of the line is x tan a + y sec a = 1.
x y
+ =1
cot α cos α
Here (cot  ) (cos  ) = sin 
cos2  = sin2 
1 = tan2 
tan  = 1
 =  /4.

::40::
MS JUNIOR COLLEGE JR MATHS MID TERM EXAM IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2024
9. Find the points on the line 4x - 3y - 10 = 0 which are at a distance of 5 units from the
point (1, -2).
Sol: Slope of the line 4x - 3y - 10 = 0 is m = tan  = 4/3
4 3
sin  = , cos  =
5 5
Required points on the given line which are at a distance of 5 units from (1, -2)
 3  4 
(x1 + r cos  , y1 + r sin  ) =  1  5  5  , - 2  5  5  
    
= (4, 2), (-2, -6).
10. Reduce the equation 4x - 3y + 12=0 into slope- intercept form intercepts form.
Sol: Given straight line 4x-3y+12=0
(i) slope intercept form (ii) Intercepts form
- 3y = - 12 - 4x - 4x + 3y = 12 (  by 12)
4x 12 4x 3y
y    1
3 3 12 12
 4 x y
 y   x  4    1.
 3  3   4 
4
where m =  3 and y- intercept = - 4. x - int = - 3 and y - int = 4
11. Transform the equation x+y +1=0 into normal form.
Sol: Given equation of the straight line x + y + 1 = 0
 x  y  1
Dividing both sides by a2  b2  1  1  2
x y 1
  
2 2 2
 5   5  1
x cos    y sin   
 4   4  2
12. Tranasform the equation x + y - 2 = 0 into normal form.
Sol: Given equation of the straight line x + y - 2 = 0
 x  y  2 (  by a 2  b2 ) = 2
x y 2
  
2 2 2

  
x cos    y sin    2 .
4 4
13. Find the value of p if 4x - 3y - 7 = 0, 2x+ py +2= 0 and 6x+ 5y-1=0 are concurrent.
Sol: Given lines 4x - 3y - 7 = 0......(1)
2x + py + 2 = 0 ....(2)
6x + 5y - 1 = 0 ......(3)
Solving (1) & (2)
-3 -7 4 -3
5 -1 6 5
x y 1
 
3  35 42  4 20  18
x y 1 38 38
  x  1, y   1
38 38 38 38 38
Since the given lines are concurrent (1, -1) lies on (3)
 2p  2  0
p4

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 MS JUNIOR COLLEGE JR MATHS MID TERM EXAM IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2024
14. Find the value of p if lines x + p = 0, y + 2 = 0 and 3x + 3y + 5 = 0 are concurrent.
Sol: Given lines are x + p = 0  x = - p
y + 2 = 0  y = -2
Since the given lines are concurrent (-p, -2) lies on (3)
 3(p)  2( 2)  5  0
 3p  4  5  0
1
 -3p = -1  p= 3

15. Find the equations of the straight lines passing through the origin and making equal angles with
the coordinate axes.
Sol: Equation of the line passing through origin and making an angle 450 with +ve X-axis is y = mx
where m = tan 450 = 1
y = x or x - y = 0.
Equation of the line passing through origin and making an angle 1350 with +ve X-axis is
y = (tan 1350)x
y = -x then x + y = 0.
Hence, the required lines are x - y = 0 and x + y = 0.

16. Find the ratio in which the strayght line 2x + 3y = 5 divides the line joining the points (0, 0) and (-2, 1).
Sol: Given straight line x + 3y = 5 points (0, 0) and (-2, 1).
 L11 (0  0  5) 5
Required ratio = L = (4  3  5) = - 6 or 5 : 6 externally.
y.
22

x y x y
17. If  is the angle between the lines + = 1, + = 1, find the value of sin  (a > b).
a b b a
Sol: Given that q is angle between the lines bx + ay - ab = 0, ax + by - ab = 0.
b(a) + a(b)
cos  =
b + a 2 a2 + b 2
2

2ab
cos  =
a 2 + b2

a2 - b 2
sin  = 2 2
a +b
18. F i n d t h e value o f k , i f t he s tra i gh t li n e s 6x - 10y + 3 = 0 and kx - 5y + 8 = 0
are parallel.
Sol: The lines 6x - 10y + 3 = 0 and kx - 5y + 8 = 0 are parallel.
a1 b1
=  their slopes are equal
a2 b2
6 -10
 = then k = 3.
k -5

19. F i n d t h e v a lu e o f k , i f t h e s tr a i g h t l i n e s y - 3kx + 4 = 0 and

(2k - 1) x - (8k - 1) y - 6 = 0 a r e p e rp e n d i c u la r.
Sol: Given that -3kx + y + 4 = 0 and (2k - 1)x - (8k - 1)y - 6 = 0 are perpendicular.
a1a2 + b1b2 = 0
(-3k) (2k - 1) + 1 (-8k + 1) = 0
 6k2 + 5k - 1 = 0
6k + 6k - k - 1 = 0
2

(k + 1) (6k - 1) = 0
k = -1 or 1/6.

::42::
 MS JUNIOR COLLEGE JR MATHS MID TERM EXAM IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2024
20. Find the straight line passing through the point (5, 4) and parallel to the line
2x+3y+ 7 = 0.
Sol: Equation of the straight line parallel to 2x + 3y + 7= 0 is 2x + 3y + k = 0...(1)
Given that (1) passes through (5, 4).
2(5) + 3(4) - k = 0  k = -22
 Requried line is 2x + 3y -22 = 0.

21. Find the straight line passing through the point (4, -3) and perpendicular to the line
5x - 3y + 1= 0.
Sol: Equation of the straight line perpendicular to 5x - 3y +1= 0 is 3x + 5y + k = 0...(1)
Given that (1) passes through (4, -3).
12 - 15 + k = 0
k=3
 Requried line is 3x + 5y + 3 = 0.

22. Find the distance between the straight lines 3x + 4y -3 = 0,and 6x + 7y - 1= 0.

Sol: Given straight lines 3x + 4y -3 = 0  2
6x + 8y - 6 = 0....(1)
6x + 7y - 1 = 0....(2)
c 2  c1 1  6 5 5 5 1
Distance between parallel lines = = = =  
a b
2 2
6 8
2 2
36  64 100 10 2
23. Find the distance between the parallel lines 5x - 3y - 4 = 0, 10x - 6y - 9 = 0.
9
Sol: Distance between the parallel lines 5x - 3y - 4 = 0, 5x - 3y - = 0 is
2

| c1 - c 2 | -4 + 9 1
2
d= 2 2 = = units.
s.
a +b 52 + (-3)2 2 34
24. Find the foot of perpendicular from (-1, 3) on the straight line 5x -y -18= 0.
Sol: Give straight lines 5x - y - 18= 0 ...(1) and P(-1, 3)
Let Q(h, k) is the foot of perpendicular from (-1, 3) to the line (1)
h  x1 k  y1 (ax1  by1  c)
 
a b a2  b2
h  1 k  3 ( 5  3  18)
 
5 1 25  1
h  1 k  3 26
 
5 1 26
h 1 k 3
 1 ; 1
5 1
h  1  5 ; k  3  1

h = 5 - 1 = 4; k = - 1 + 3 = 2
(h, k) = (4, 2).
*******

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