CLASS: XII CHEMISTRY
VOLUME-I SOME IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
Unit-1: SOLUTIONS
1) State Le-Chatlier’s principle.
2) State Henry’s law-Graphical representation-Applications-limitattions.
3) Diffentiate Ideal & Non-ideal solutions.
4) State Raoult’s law-Limitations.
5) Positive & Negative deviations from Raoult’s law.
6) Azeotropic mixture-Minimum boiling azeotrope-Maximum boiling azeotrope.
7) Define Cryoscopic constant.
8) Define ebullioscopic constant.
9) Define the following terms:
a) Osmosis
b) Osmotic pressure
c) Reverse Osmosis
10) Explain the following:
a) Isotonic solutions
b) Hypertonic solutions
c) Hypotonic solutions
11) Define colligative property
12) What is Vant Hoff factor? How is it related with
a. Degree of dissociation
b. Degree of association
13) Define the following:
a. Molarity
b. Molality
c. Mole fraction
Unit-2: ELECTROCHEMISTRY
14) Function of salt bridge in an electrochemical cell
15) Define electrochemical series.
16) Differentiate between electrochemical cell & electrolytic cell.
17) Equivalent conductivity- Units
18) Molar conductivity- Units
19) Kohlrausch’s law of independent migration of ions.
20) Conductivity of weak & strong electrolytes with changes in concentration.
21) Faraday’s law of electrolysis ( Ist law & IInd law)
22) Lead storage battery-Discharging reactions
23) Fuel cell-cell reactions-Advantages-Difficulties in constructing H2-O2 fuel cell.
24) Sacrificial protection.
25) Cathodic protection of metal.
26) Corrosion and its mechanism-Rusting
Unit-3: CHEMICAL KINETICS
27) Define the following:
a) Rate of a reaction
b) Rate constant
28) Define average rate & Instantaneous rate of a reaction.
29) Define rate law.
30) Write the units of rate constant for zero order, 1st order and 2nd order rections.
31) Diffentiate Order and Molecularity.
32) Explain Pseudo 1st order reaction with an example.
33) Derive the expression of rate constant (k) for zero order reaction.
34) Derive the expression of rate constant (k) for first order reaction.
35) Derive the expression of half life period (t1/2) for zero order reaction.
36) Derive the expression of half life period (t1/2) for first order reaction.
37) Define the following:
a) half life period (t 1/2)
b) Activation energy
c) Threshold energy
Unit-4: The d and f block elements
38) General electronic configuration of d and f block elements.
39) Account for the following:
a) Transition elements exhibit variable oxidation states.
b) Transition elements easily forms complexes.
c) Transition elements show paramagnetic property.
d) Transition elements easily forms alloys.
e) Transition elements are widely used as catalysts.
f) Transition elements are coloured in nature.
40) Write the order of acidic character in Manganese oxides.
41) Write the order of ionic character in Manganese oxides.
42) Prove that KMnO4 act as a powerful oxidizing agent.
43) Prove that K2Cr2O7 act as a powerful oxidizing agent.
44) What is Lanthanide contraction? Explain its causes and consequences.
45) What is Actinide contraction? Explain its causes and consequences.
46) Similarities between Lanthanoids & Actinoids.
47) Differences between Lanthanoids & Actinoids.
48) Give reason: K2Cr2O7 / H+ gives deep blue colour with H2O2.
49) Draw the structures of the following:
a) CrO42-
b) Cr2O72-
c) MnO4-
d) MnO42-
50) Uses of Lanthanoids & Actinoids. Misch metals.
Unit-5: COORDINATION COMPOUNDS
51) IUPAC name structural formula
52) Define the following important terminologies of a coordination compound.
a) Central metal ion
b) Ligands
c) Oxidation number of CMI
d) Coordination number of the complex
e) Coordination sphere
f) Coordination polyhedra
53) Homoleptic & Heteroleptic complexes
54) Postulates of Werner’s theory-Structural representation-limitations
55) Differentiate double salt & complex compound.
56) Explain the following structural isomerism briefly
a) Coordination isomerism
b) Ionization isomerism
c) Solvate isomerism
d) Linkage isomerism.
57) Define Optical activity.
58) What are the conditions for a molecule to be optically active?
59) Draw all the isomers (geometrical and optical) of:
(i) [CoCl2(en)2]+ (ii) [Co(NH3)Cl(en)2]2+ (iii) [Co(NH3)2Cl2(en)]+
60) Differentiate inner orbital complexes & Outer orbital complexes.
61) Using valence bond theory, explain the following complexes in
(i) K₃[Cr(H2O)₆] (ii) [Co(NH3)6]3+ (iii) [Co(Ox)3]3- (iv) Mn(CN)6]3-
a) Type of hybridisation
b) Shape of the complex
c) Inner or outer orbital complex.
d) Magnetic behaviour
e) Spin only magnetic moment value.
62) Limitations of VBT.
63) CFT splitting diagram of octahedral complexes.
64) CFT splitting diagram of tetrahedral complexes.
65) What is spectrochemical series?
66) Distribution of electrons in d-orbital for octahedral entity
(i) d4 configuration (ii) d5 configuration
67) Draw the facial and meridional isomers of coordination complexes [Ma3 b3]n± type.
68) Synergic effect in metal carbonyls.
69) What is CFSE? Calculate CFSE value for d3, d4 & d7 ion.
70) Role of coordination compounds in
a. Medicinal chemistry
b. Biological systems
c. Analytical chemistry
d. Photography
e. Extraction/metallurgy of metals.
NOTE: Practice all the numericals of Physical Chemistry[Units- 1,2 & 3]
