DOHA MODERN INDIAN SCHOOL
Social Science
GRADE: 10 LESSON - 3
Geography
TOPIC: Minerals And Energy Resources
Write only question no 2 (iii) and 3 (i) in the Note Book.
QUESTION AND ANSWERS
1. Multiple choice questions.
(i) Which one of the following minerals is formed by decomposition of rocks, leaving a
residual mass of weathered material?
(a) coal (b) bauxite (c) gold (d) zinc
Ans: (b) bauxite
(ii) Koderma, in Jharkhand is the leading producer of which one of the following
minerals?
(a) bauxite (b) mica (c) iron ore (d) copper
Ans: (b) mica
(iii) Minerals are deposited and accumulated in the stratas of which of the following
rocks?
(a) sedimentary rocks
(b) metamorphic rocks
(c) igneous rocks
(d) none of the above
Ans: (a) sedimentary rocks
(iv) Which one of the following minerals is contained in the Monazite sand?
(a) oil
(b) uranium
(c) thorium
(d) coal
Ans: (c) thorium
2. Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
(i) Distinguish between the following in not more than 30 words.
(a) Ferrous and non-ferrous minerals
Ans:
Ferrous minerals Non-ferrous minerals
Metallic minerals which contain iron are Metallic minerals which do not contain
called ferrous minerals, e.g. iron ore, iron are called non-ferrous minerals,
manganese, nickel, cobalt, etc. e.g. copper, bauxite, tin, etc.
(b) Conventional and non-conventional sources of energy.
Ans:
Conventional Sources of Energy Non-conventional Sources of Energy
Conventional sources of energy are Non-conventional sources of energy
those sources which have been use have generally been identified in the
since the early times. recent past.
They are exhaustible except hydro-
energy. They are inexhaustible.
They cause pollution when used as they
emit smoke and ash. Generally these are pollution-free.
Their generation and use involve huge
expenditure. Low expenditure required.
Very expensive to maintain, store,
transmit as they are carried over long Less expensive due to local use and
distances through transmission grids. easy maintenance.
Examples are – geothermal energy,
Examples are – coal, natural gas, water, solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy,
fire-wood. biogas energy, nuclear energy.
(ii) What is a mineral?
Ans: A mineral is a homogeneous, naturally occurring substance with a definable
interior structure.
(iii) How are minerals formed in igneous and metamorphic rocks?
Ans : In igneous and metamorphic rocks, minerals may occur in the cracks, crevices,
faults or joints. The smaller occurrences are called veins and the larger are called lodes.
In most cases, they are formed when minerals in liquid, molten and gaseous forms are
forced upward through cavities towards the earth’s surface. They cool and solidify as
they rise. Major metallic minerals like tin, copper, zinc and lead etc. are obtained from
veins and lodes.
(iv) Why do we need to conserve mineral resources?
Ans : It takes millions of years for the formation of minerals. Compared to the present
rate of consumption, the replenishment rate of minerals is very slow. Hence, mineral
resources are finite and non-renewable. Due to this, it is important that we conserve the
mineral resources. We must remember that these resources are one of the greatest
gifts of God and we must use these in such a manner that our future generations also
enjoy this gift.
3. Answer the following questions in about 120 words.
(i) Describe the distribution of coal in India.
Ans:
→ The major resources of metallurgical coal belong to the Gondwana age and are
located mainly in the north eastern part of the peninsula.
→ Rich reserves of coal are found in the Damodar Valley region in the states of West
Bengal and Jharkhand. Raniganj in West Bengal and Jharia and Bokaro in Jharkhand
are important coalfields. One third of the total production comes from here.
→ Coal is also found in the Godavari, Mahanadi, Son and Wardha valleys. Korba
in Chhattisgarh, Singrauli and Penah-kanhan valley in Madhya Pradesh, Talcher in
Orissa, Kamptee and Chandrapur in Maharashtra and Singareni of Andhra Pradesh are
important coal mines.
→ Tertiary coal occur in the north eastern states of Meghalaya, Assam, Arunachal
Pradesh and Nagaland.
→ Principal lignite reserves are found in Neyveli in Tamil Nadu.
(ii) Why do you think that solar energy has a bright future in India?
Ans: Solar energy has a bright future in India because –
→ India being a tropical country receives sunlight in abundance throughout the year.
→ Solar plants can be easily established in rural and remote areas.
→ It will minimize the dependence of rural households on firewood and dunk cakes
which in turn will contribute to environmental conservation and adequate supply of
manure in agriculture.
