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UMEED (NEET)
Crash Course Practice Sheet-1

ECOSYSTEM
Aa dekhein zara

1. The primary producers of the deep-sea 5. Vertical distribution of different species

hydrothermal vent ecosystem are occupying different levels in a biotic
(a) green algae community is known as
(b) chemosynthetic bacteria (a) zonation (b) pyramid
(c) blue-green algae (c) divergence (d) stratification.
(d) coral reefs.
6. Most animals are tree dwellers in a
2. Which one of the following is a characteristic (a) temperate deciduous forest
feature of cropland ecosystem? (b) tropical rainforest
(a) Absence of weeds (c) coniferous forest
(b) Ecological succession (d) thorn woodland
(c) Absence of soil organisms
(d) Least genetic diversity 7. Match the following and select the correct
option.
3. Most animals that live in deep oceanic waters A. Earthworm (i) Pioneer species
are B. Succession (ii) Detritivore
(a) tertiary consumers C. Ecosystem service (iii) Natality
(b) detritivores D. Population growth (iv) Pollination
(c) primary consumers A B C D
(d) secondary consumers (a) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(b) (iv) (i) (iii) (ii)
4. The mass of living material at a trophic level at (c) (iii) (ii) (iv) (i)
a particular time is called (d) (ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
(a) net primary productivity
(b) standing crop 8. If 20 J of energy is trapped at producer level,
(c) gross primary productivity then how much energy will be available to
(d) standing state. peacock as food in the following chain?
Plant → Mice → Snake → Peacock
(a) 0.02 J (b) 0.002 J
(c) 0.2 J (d) 0.0002 J
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9. Secondary productivity is rate of formation of 15. Identify the likely organisms (1), (2), (3) and
new organic matter by (4) in the food web shown below.
(a) consumers (b) decomposers
(c) producers (d) parasites.

10. Which two distinct microbial processes are

responsible for the release of fixed nitrogen
as dinitrogen gas (N2) to the atmosphere?
(a) Aerobic nitrate oxidation and nitrite
reduction
(b) Decomposition of organic nitrogen and
conversion of dinitrogen to ammonium
(1) (2) (3) (4)
compounds
(a) Deer Rabbit Frog Rat
(c) Enteric fermentation in cattle and nitrogen
(b) Dog Squirrel Bat Deer
fixation by Rhizobium in root nodules of
(c) Rat Dog Tortoise Crow
legumes
(d) Squirrel Cat Rat Pigeon
(d) Anaerobic ammonium oxidation and
denitrification.
16. Of the total incident solar radiation the
proportion of PAR is
11. When man eats fish which feeds on
(a) about 70% (b) about 60%
zooplanktons which have eaten small plants,
(c) less than 50% (d) more than 80%.
the producer in this chain is
(a) small plants (b) fish
17. Which one of the following statements for the
(c) man (d) zooplankton.
pyramid of energy is incorrect?
(a) Its base is broad.
12. Identify the possible link “A” in the following
(b) It shows energy content of different
food chain.
trophic level organisms.
Plant → Insect → Frog → “A” → Eagle
(c) It is inverted in shape.
(a) Rabbit (b) Wolf
(d) It is upright in shape.
(c) Cobra (d) Parrot
18. Both hydrarch and xerarch successions lead to
13. Which one of the following is not a functional
(a) medium water conditions
unit of an ecosystem?
(b) xeric conditions
(a) Energy flow (b) Decomposition
(c) highly dry conditions
(c) Productivity (d) Stratification
(d) excessive wet conditions.
14. The rate of formation of new organic matter
19. The biomass available for consumption by the
by rabbit in a grassland, is called
herbivores and the decomposers is called
(a) net productivity
(a) net primary productivity
(b) secondary productivity
(b) secondary productivity
(c) net primary productivity
(c) standing crop
(d) gross primary productivity.
(d) gross primary productivity.

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20. The correct sequence of plants in a hydrosere is 26. Which one of the following is not used for
(a) Volvox → Hydrilla → Pistia → Scirpus construction of ecological pyramids?
→ Lantana → Oak (a) rate of decomposition
(b) Pistia → Volvox → Scirpus → Hydrilla (b) biomass
→ Oak → Lantana (c) Number of individuals
(c) Oak→Lantana →Volvox → Hydrilla (d) Energy present at different trophic levels
→ Pistia → Scirpus
27. Which of the following is expected to have
(d) Oak → Lantana → Scirpus → Pistia →
the highest value (gm/m2 /yr) in a grassland
Hydrilla → Volvox.
ecosystem?
(a) Secondary production
21. The breakdown of detritus into smaller
(b) Tertiary production
particles by earthworm is a process called
(c) Gross production (GP)
(a) humification (b) fragmentation
(d) Net production (NP)
(c) mineralisation (d) catabolism.
28. An ecosystem which can be easily damaged
22. Consider the following statements concerning
but can recover after some time if damaging
food chains.
effect stops will be having
A. Removal of 80% tigers from an area resulted
(a) low stability and high resilience
in greatly increased growth of vegetation.
(b) high stability and low resilience
B. Removal of most of the carnivores resulted
(c) low stability and low resilience
in an increased population of deers.
(d) high stability and high resilience
C. The length of food chains is generally
limited to 3-4 trophic levels due to energy
29. Bamboo plant is growing in a fir forest then
loss.
what will be the trophic level of it?
D. The length of food chains may vary from
(a) First trophic level (T1)
2 to 8 trophic levels.
(b) Second trophic level (T2)
Which two of the above statements are correct?
(c) Third trophic level (T3)
(a) A, D (b) A, B
(d) Fourth trophic level (T4)
(c) B, C (d) C, D
30. Plant decomposers are
23. The slow rate of decomposition of fallen logs
(a) monera and fungi
in nature is due to their
(b) fungi and plants
(a) anaerobic environment around them
(c) protista and animalia
(b) low cellulose content
(d) animalia and monera.
(c) low moisture content
(d) poor nitrogen content.
31. Which is not the functional aspect of
ecosystem?
24. About 70% of total global carbon is found in
(a) decomposition
(a) oceans (b) forests
(b) energy flow
(c) grasslands (d) agroecosystems.
(c) stratification
(d) productivity
25. Which one of the following ecosystem types
has the highest annual net primary productivity?
32. Energy transfer from one trophic level to other,
(a) Tropical deciduous forest
in a food chain, is
(b) Temperate evergreen forest
(a) 10% (b) 20%
(c) Temperate deciduous forest
(c) 1% (d) 2%.
(d) Tropical rainforest

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33. In a terrestrial ecosystem such as forest, 41. Which of the following is the most stable
maximum energy is in which trophic level? ecosystem?
(a) T3 (b) T4 (a) Mountain (b) Ocean
(c) T1 (d) T2 (c) Forest (d) Desert

34. The rate at which light energy is converted 42. The primary succession refers to the
into chemical energy of organic molecules is development of communities on a
the ecosystem’s (a) forest clearing after devastating fire
(a) net secondary productivity (b) newly exposed habitat with no record of
(b) gross primary productivity earlier vegetation
(c) net primary productivity (c) freshly cleared crop field
(d) gross secondary productivity. (d) pond, freshly filled with water after a dry
phase.
35. Which of the following ecosystem has the
highest gross primary productivity? 43. The dominant second trophic level, in a lake
(a) Mangroves (b) tropical rainforest ecosystem, is
(c) Grassland (d) Coral reef (a) phytoplankton (b) zooplankton
(c) benthos (d) plankton.
36. Which of the following acts as “nature’s
scavengers”? 44. Pyramid of numbers deals with number of
(a) Insects (b) Microorganisms (a) species in an area
(c) Man (d) Animals (b) individuals in a community
(c) individuals in a trophic level
37. The 10% energy transfer law of food chain (d) subspecies in a community.
was given by
(a) Lindemann (b) Tansley 45. Pyramid of energy in a pond ecosystem is
(c) Stanley (d) Weismann. (a) irregular (b) inverted
(c) upright (d) spindle shaped.
38. If we completely remove the decomposers
from an ecosystem, its functioning will be 46. Food chain in that starts with dead organic
adversely affected, because matter is
(a) mineral movement will be blocked (a) parasitic food chain
(b) the rate of decomposition will be very high (b) detritus food chain
(c) energy flow will be blocked (c) consumer food chain
(d) herbivores will not receive solar energy. (d) predator food chain

39. In a biotic community, the primary consumers 47. Pick up the correct food chain.
are (a) Grass → Chameleon → Insect → Bird
(a) detritivores (b) herbivores (b) Grass → Fox → Rabbit → Bird
(c) carnivores (d) omnivores. (c) Phytoplankton → Zooplankton → Fish
(d) Fallen leaves → Bacteria → Insect larvae
40. Which of the following pairs is a sedimentary
type of biogeochemical cycle?
(a) Phosphorus and nitrogen
(b) Phosphorus and sulphur
(c) Oxygen and nitrogen
(d) Phosphorus and carbon dioxide

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48. Pyramid of numbers in a grassland 50. What is true of ecosystem?

ecosystem is (a) Primary consumers are least dependent
(a) always inverted upon producers.
(b) always upright (b) Primary consumers outnumber
(c) both (a) and (b) producers.
(d) spindleshaped. (c) Producers are more than primary
consumers.
49. Upper part of sea/aquatic ecosystem contains (d) Secondary consumers are the largest and
(a) plankton most powerful.
(b) nekton
(c) plankton and nekton 51. In an ecosystem, which one shows one way
(d) benthos passage?
(a) Free energy (b) Carbon
(c) Nitrogen (d) Potassium

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Aa dekhein zara

ANSWERS KEY
1. (B) 20. (A) 39. (B)
2. (D) 21. (B) 40. (B)
3. (B) 22. (C) 41. (B)
4. (B) 23. (D) 42. (B)
5. (D) 24. (A) 43. (B)
6. (B) 25. (D) 44. (C)
7. (D) 26. (A) 45. (C)
8. (A) 27. (C) 46. (B)
9. (A) 28. (A) 47. (C)
10. (D) 29. (A) 48. (B)
11. (A) 30. (A) 49. (A)
12. (C) 31. (C) 50. (C)
13. (D) 32. (A) 51. (A)
14. (B) 33. (C)
15. (A) 34. (B)
16. (C) 35. (B)
17. (C) 36. (B)
18. (A) 37. (A)
19. (A) 38. (A)

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