OR (0) Sum ofall the numbers on the first 10 spots, Sio= Prexed+9x4) = 10(24 + 18] = 420 [Since, a, = 24 42 = 28) «d= 28-24. 9 (iii) Number on the (v= 9)!" spotis given by ay = 20 + 4(n—2) = 20 + 4m 8 = 12+ 4n UCTED RESPONSE QUESTIONS CONSTR Roa mseemaraveliae (eyeCiuloets) Each of the following questions are of 2 marks. 1. Find the value of ays ~ a}, for the AP: 6, 9, 12, 15, Sol. Given: a= 6,4 =3 Rn ee Mie sc) = anda, 27 d= 6 + 1403). 48 Then, agg - a1, = 78 - 48 = 30 2. How many natural numbers are there between 1 and 1000 which are divisible by 5 but notby | mB [CBSE 2021-22(30/4/1)(Term-10} Sol. Natural numbers between 1 and 1000 that are divisible by 5, but not by 2 are: 5, 15, 25, . 95 Tt forms an AP with a = 5,d = 10. [CBSE Sample Paper 2021-22(Term1)) Leta, = 995 | 5S at(-1d=995 => 5 + (n—1)10 = 995 | Boccia ol) EP so 10 99 + 1=100 | ‘There are 100 natural numbers between 1 and 1000, divisible by 5 but not by 2. 3. Determine k so that k? + 4k + 8, 2k" + 3k + 6, 3k" + 4k + 4 are three consecutive terms ofan AR ( , / ‘ [NCERT Exemplar] Sol. It is given that k? + 4k + 8, 2k° + 3k + 6 and 3k” + 4k + 4 are three consecutive terms of an AP (IInd = Ist) term = (Id — 1nd) term => (2? + 3k + 6)—(h? + 4k + 8) = (3k? + 4k + 4) — (2k? + 3h + 6) = Pok-2=0+h-2 > -k=k => %#=0 = k=0 4. Determine the AP whose third term is 16 and 7" term exceeds the 5'" term by 12- ya2)) Rares rey nen [CBSE 2019(3042) | => a+2%=16 (i) and at+6d=a+4d+ = 1 From (i), d = 6 and from (i), a = 4 Peat? APis 4, 10, 16, 5. Teth it 17" term of an AP exceeds its 10" term by 7, find the common difference. mt Sol. According to question, eet | ay = 44547 marr (7=1)d= Bi > atléd=at+%47 = ae a. > Md=7 ee ie a cg ammo ierence = 1 . IES, the si vum of the first n terms of an AP is given by S, = 2n? + n, then find its mth (eT) [cBsE 201900" | Wa idea Mathematics-X ———haye in an AP an? +n heen sol. We . Spay = 20-1)? + (n= 1) = Qn? dn + 2 4 0-1 5 Sy = 2n?-8n +1 Its nth term, t, = S,—S,_, = 2n® + n—2n? +3n-1 ins t= 4n-1 7, Solve the equation: 1 +5 +9 +13 + sol, Given, 1+ 5+ 9413+... +x = 1326 Itisan AP with a = 1,d = 4,a, =x =Land S, = 1826 +x = 1326, [CBSE 2020(30/3/1)] Weknow, a, =a + (n-1)d (=1) > x=1l+(m-1)x4 > ra =n-1 =1 > eaten Ey pase) + 3 Now, yard 3 (+ I) + 3) = 1826=2#2 0+» ee ae ease = 1520) = x? + dx + 3 = 10608 => x9 + 4x- 10605 =0 4+ yI6 + 42420 36 a 2) 2 <2 2 =101 [Ignoring negative value] x= 101 8. Ifthe ratio of sum of the first m and n as AP is m® : n?, show that the ratio of its mth and nth terms is (2m - 1) : 2n-1). aaa [CBSE (F) 2016, Dethi 2017] nt_ ¥ @at(n-1)d) 7) ® Qat(n-1)d) 2 = 8 Bio am + mnd = md = 2an + mnd = nd a+ (n— G@meeny=dm—n) > a= d (i) a, at(m-l)d _at2(m=1)a _ 2 4,7 Gt (mld) at2Qw=1)a) an} 9. Ifthe 10th term of an AP is 21 and the sum ofits first ten terms is 120, find its nth term. (From (i)) Hence proved. Sol. Given, ajo = 21 => 4+%d=21 “ 10 Also, Sig = 120 > og (2a + 9d) = 120, > +d = 24 ae ae 2se- = = a +2i\= 240 (From ©) mae ed From (i), we get 340-21 3 M=18 = §d=2 nth term, 4 (n-ld = 8+ (n-1)X2= 241 n+ 1 ic Progressions /om UT Questions Fach of the following questions are 1 Sol. Sol. of 3 marks. ¢ term is 45 and the sum of all the terms is 499, y, ‘The first term of an AP is 5, the las number of terms and the common difference of the AP. [CBSE 2H, i the ven,a=5 and a, = 45 > at(n-l=45 Reese si=45) = ay ai 40 (i) Also, S, = 400 > za +1 = 400 R+45)=400 9 = %x50=400 > n=16 From (i), we have (16— yd = 40 = 15d=40 => a= 8 ‘Thus, number of terms = 16 and common difference of the AP = d = £. How many terms are there in an AP whose first and fifth terms are— 14 and 2, respectively and the last term is 62. [CBSE 2023(30/41)] Given, a =-14 and a=2 > at(S-ld=2 = > 14+ 4d =2 = = 0 Also,a,=62 > a + (n- Id = 62 => “M+ (n-1)x4=62 > +144 4n— (From ()) => 4n=62 +18 Er =80) = = 20) => n=20 Number of terms = 20. If pth term of an AP is q and qth term is p, then prove that its nth term is (p + -”)- [CBSE 2023(8051] Let the jee peer ch PEO Gnd comman. oe Ae: a,aad eee PEA im idea Mathematics-xfee in ae Serve 2 aes as (n-d os yo 4, Ifthe last term of an AP of 30 terms is 119 and the 8th term from the end (towards the first term) is 91, then find the common difference of the AP. Hence, find the sum of all the terms of the AP. [CBSE 2021-22, Term-11(30/4/1)] Sol, Leta and d be the first term and common difference of the AP respectively Given, ago = 119 and dy, =91 (8th term from last is the 23rd term from the first term) = a + (80-1)d = 119 anda + (23-14 = 91 = a+ 20d =119 ...(f)anda + 22d = 91 sat) Subtract (ii) from (i), we get a+ 29d = 119 a+ 22d =91 oOo 7d=28 = d-4 ee oe mega 19-110 ~ 5 Now, wee. = = iexs + (30-1)4] = 15(6 + 116) = 15 x 122 = 1830 ‘AP is 1830 and the common difference is 4. show that the (m +n)" term of Hence, sum of all the terms of the 5. Ifm times the m term of an AP is equal to m times its n' term, the AP is zero. [CBSE 2020(30/3/1)] Sol. Given mla + (m= 1) d] = nla + = 1)d) a a(m—n) + d(m’ m-ni+n)=0 > (m=n) [a + (m+n-1d] = 0 =0 y maenaa+(mtn-1)d=0 Gn Avithmetic Progressions AGBas Find a,b and cifit is given that the numbers 4, Sol. Given that a, 7, b, 28, care in AP Second term (a3) = 7 71, b, 23, ¢ are in AP. INCERT Exemplar, CBSE 2020(399, 1) i) a) Also, 4th term (a4) = 23 = a+ d= 23 0) | From equation () and (ii), we have at d= 7 at Sd= 28 | 2d =-16 Eee Putting d = 8 in equation (i), we get a+8=7 > a=-l Now, b=7+d=74+8=15 and c=23+d=23+8=31 w th term of an AP is 2 and nth term is Jr, then show that its (mn)th term is 1 Sol. Leta and d be the first term and common difference respectively of the given AP. Then 1 a, =at(m-l)d = a+ (m-Id=— cali) 1 ‘ and /a=a+(n-1)d > a +(n-Id = (ii) Subtracting (ii) from (i), we have 1 a (m-nd= 5-5 eae Puttingd = sr in i, we get at+m-) =t = = a-jp=0 > mnth term = a + (mn—1)d = 1 _ ltmn-1 (nl) = To + (wm —l) re = ee = 1 =) (mn)th term = 1 8. pai term of the arithmetic progression 3, 15, 27, 39 .... will be 120 more than its 21st Sol. We have,a=3 and d = 12 [CBSE 2019(30/12)] Gy =a + 20d = 3 + 20 x 12 = 943 Let nth term of the given AP be 120 more than its 21st term. Then, 4, = 120 + ay, : : 3+ (m=1)12 = 120 + 243 > 34 12m-1)= > 12(n - 1) = 860. > me ae 31 ; = => n= Hence, 31st term of the Siven AP is 120 more than its 21st term. | 9. Which tes : i / ch term of the AP : 58, 48, 43, . is the first negative term? INCERT Exempt] Sol. Given AP be 53, 48, 43, ) ; We have, a = 53,d = 48-53 BD iam ices Mathematics-x [CBSE 2019(C) (30/1/1)) ——Let n'” term be the first negative term of the AP yy § a, <0 a hee 2 BAM-IXEH) <0 => 55-5 +5.<0 > B-5n<0 => 5B<5n a BE bn Sa geen = n> ug ee spa Therefore, 12th term is the first negative term of the given AP. 10, The sum of the first 30 terms of an AP is 1920, If the fourth term is 18, find its 11th term. 2 [CBSE 2020(30/4/1)] Sol. Given, Syy = Pea + 29d] = 1990 > +201 = 198 (i) Also, a, = 18 =a + 8d = 18 lil) Multiply (i) by 2 then subtract from (i), we get a=6, d a, =a + 10d = 46 11. “S$h6w that the sum of all terms of an AP whose first term is a, the second term is b and the last. (+o +e-2a) ee [CBSE 2020(30/2/1)] term is ¢is equal to 3 5 )| Sol. Inan AP, we have first term = a, second term = b Common difference, d = b~a and last term, a, = ¢ a,=a+(n-1)d = c=a¥(n-1)(b-a) > c-a = (n-1) (b-a) So = > nape tl = autbe +, Sum ofall terms ofan AP S, = 5(a+)) feces a +0) (ato)(b +c-2a) 2(b-a) Hence, Each of the following questions are of 5 marks. 1. The ratio of the 11" term to 17" term of an AP is 3 : 4. Find the ratio of 5" term to 21" term of the same AP Also, find the ratio of the sum of first 5 terms to that of first 21 terms. [CBSE 2023(30/1/1)] os Therefore 5 = 2) Pe 22a + 4d) 5 (l6d+4d) _ 5x20d _ 25 B= BP 2 (Gd + 20d) 21x 36d a 2 (2a + 20d) a Therefore, S : Sq = 25 : 189 Arithmetic Progressions AEG) ‘0a Sol. Sol. 6 and that of the first 16 terms is 256, find the ., If the sum of first 6 terms of an AP is 31 ache smscom first 10 terms. Leta be the first term and d be the common difference of the AP Sp = 36 = Sia +(6-1)d] = 36 > 2a + Sd = 12 od) 5 16 oq +(16=1)d) Also, S15 = 256 > 5 [2 = 8Qa+ 15s = 2a + 15d (ii) On sol n (®) and (i), we have = d=2 | Putting d = 2 in equation (i), we have | 2a+10=12 > %=12-10=2 | eee Eee | Sum offirst 10 terms, Sy = Dea +(10-1)a) =5(2 x 1 +9 x 2)=5(2 + 18) =5 x 20 = 100 How many terms of the arithmetic progression 45, 39, 33, ..... must be taken so that their sum is 180 ? Explain the double answer. [CBSE 2023802) Let n terms of the AP 45, 39, 38... must be taken so that their sum is 180. | | We have, a = 45,d = 39-45 = 6 ela + (n—1)d] = 180 a > 312% 45 + (n-1)x(-6)] = 180 | = nl45-(n—1) x 3]= 180 = n(45-3n 4.3) = 180 = (48-3n) = 180 = n(16-n) = 60 = 16n-n? = 60, => n16n + 60=0 => n-10n-6n+60=0 = n(n—10)-6 (n-10) => (n-10)(n-6) =0 = n=10orn=6 Hence, 10 terms or 6 terms should be taken to get sum 180, Now, the explanation of double answer, Ty=a+ 8d =45 +5 x (6) = 15 Ty Ty Sum is clear that Ty + 7, +... + Ty Hence both BOand 7 + Ty +. + Tip = 180, answers are possi \\ Xam idea Mathematics-X4, Sol. Solve the equation for: 14447 410 4, +x = 287 ae Crsopeeeae tty [CBSE 2023(30/2/2)] EERTECYPYP)} pla +1] = 287 ae ae » 987 (Using (iy) so Ser2— 179 | = * + 8x-1720 = 0 (@ + 43) (@=40) = 0 x=-43, 40 => «4-43 x = 40 (Asx can’t be negative) a: sum of four consecutive numbers in AP is 32 and the ratio of the product of the first and fas Sol. Sol, st terms to the product of two middle terms is 7 : 15. Find the numbers. [CBSE 2020(30/1/1), 2018] Let four consecutive numbers in AP area—3d, a—d, a +d, a+ 3d. Sum = (a - 3d) + (ad) + (a +d) + (a + 3d) Be => 32 = 4a = Gaia (o=sarad 7 According to question, “Tagg = 15 8-90? 7 = gag TS = (Subtract from 1 both the sides) a = x = S > es = When a = 8,d = 2 then four numbers are 8-6, 8-2, 8+ 2, 8+6 = 2,6, 10, 14, When a = 8, d= ~2, the four numbers are 14, 10, 6, 2. ‘The houses in a row are numbered consecutively from 1 to 49. Show that there exists a value of X such that sum of numbers of houses preceding the house numbered X is equal to sum of the numbers of houses following X. The numbers of houses are 1, 2,3, 4 The numbers of the houses are in AP, where n Sum ofn terms of an AP = 5 [2a + (n= 1)d]