POLYNOMIALS

OBJECTIVE TYPE
PROBLEMS
I• The graph of a polynomial P (.r) cuts the .r-axis at 3 points and touches it at 2 Olbcr poinb. Tbc
number of zeroes of P (.r) is
(a) I (b) 2 (c) 3 (~ S
f( . IJ."i I ~o::
The number of zeroes is S u the p-aph intersects the .r-axls at three points and touches .r-u.is •
two points.
:. choice (d) is correct.
lo figure, the graph of a polynomial P (.r) is shown. The number of zeroes of P (.r) is
y

y'
( a) I (h) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
1< u, 1 1 ::
., The number o f zeroes is 3 as the graph intersccts the .r-uis at three points
:. choice ( c ) 1s correct.
 _, A quadratic polynomial. the product and sum of whose zeroe-s are 5 and 8 respectively i5

( a) k [x 2 - 8 x
,II,
-L 5] (b) k [x 2 + 8 x + 5] (er 2
k [x - 5 x + 8] (d) k [.x
2
-L 5 x + 8)

( C. ll." .I . 1ll22 1
, I Here SF 8. P = 5

the quadratic polynomial is k [.r 2 - S .r + P] i.e. k [.x 2 - 8 x + 5]

choice (a) is correct

~ If x - I is a factor of the polynomial p (x) = x 3 + a x 2 + 2 band a + b = 4, then

(a) a=5 , b= - l (b) a=9, b=-5 (c) a=?, b=-3 (d) a=3.b= l
(C . B.',.1 . 20 22)

, ,l. Herc p (.x) = x 3 + a x 2 + 2 b

lf (x - I) is the factor of the polynomial p (x), then .x = 1 is the zero of the polynomial and p (l) = 0
Now p (1 ) = l - a - 2 b = 0
~ a - 2b =- l ... (1 )
Also a- b =4 .. .(2)
Subtracting (2) from ( 1), we get b = - 5
from (2), a - 5 = 4 ~ a=9
choice (b) is correct.
< lf a , fJ are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial

2
p (x) = x - (k + 6) x + 2 (2 k - 1) , then the value of k, if a + fJ = .!_ a p , is
2
( a) - 1 (b) 1 (c) - 3 (d) 3

~<I. Herep (x )= x 2 -(k+6)x+ 2 (2k-l)

:. a -{J = k - 6
and a f3 = 2 (2 le - I )
\;ow a + fi = ..!_ a /J ~ Jr. + 6 - ..!_ Y 2 (2 le - I) o le + 6 = 2 le - \ ~ Jr. = 7
2 2
:. choice (h) is correct.
.,
Ii The zeroec; of the polynomia l t· - 3x m (m 1-) ) arc
( a) m, m • 3 (hJ m, m , 1 (<) m (m + l ) \ d) m, (m • 3)

,t u,1 ~11: 11 1
 2
~ol. Here x -3x-m( m+3) => x[x - (m+3)]+ m[x - (m+3)]
2
x -3x-m(m +3) => (x+m)[x -(m+3)]

2
the zeroes of the polynomi al x -3 x- m (m + 3) are - m, m + 3
choice (b) is correct.
2
7. If one of the zeroes of the quadrati_c polynomial (k -1) x + k x + 1 is - 3, then the value of k is
4 4 2 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 3 3 3
~o l. Let f(x) = (/c-1) x 2 +lex+ 1

Since - 3 is a zero of f(x)

f(-3)=0 => (/c - 1)(9)-3 k+ 1 =O
4
9/c-9-3 /c+ I = O => 6k=8 => k= -
3
choice (a) is correct.
H. A quadratic polynomia l, whose zeroes are - 3 and 4 , is

2 2
x
(a) x - x+12 (b) x 2 +x+12 (c) ----6
X
(d) 2
2 x + 2x-24
2 2
~ol. Let a , /3 be zeroes of quadratic polynomi al a x 2 +bx+ c.
Now roots are - 3, 4
a+/J= 1, a/J=-12
b C
- - = ], - = - 12
a a
b C
- =- 1, - =- 12
a a

_
b = _ i ~ - --6
a 1 ' a I
2 2
I
Take a = -
2

I
b= - - c=- 6
2 '
")

.
. d po Iynom1al x-
= - - -X - 6
require
2 2
choice ( c) is correct.
 - 1,c quadratic polynom ial x 2 +(a+ I) x + b a.re 2 and - 3,
l r the LCI oes Ll 1 1 then

7 b= - I (h) a = 5, b = - I (c) a = 2,b =- 6 (d) a = 0, b =- 6

'
..,pt, Lct .f {x) = x ~ +(a + l)x+6

Since 2 and - 3 are zeroes of .f(x)

/ (2) = 0 => 4 + (a + 1) (2) + b = O => 4 + 2a + 2 + b = 0

2a + b + 6 = 0 ... (I)
and .f(- 3) = 0 => 9 - 3 (a+ 1) + b = 0

9 - 3a-3 + b = O => 3a-b -6 = 0 . . .(2)

Adding ( I) and (2), we get

5 a= 0 or a = 0

from (I), 0 + b + 6 = 0 or b = - 6

a= 0, b =- 6

choice (d) is correct.

l 0. The number of polynomials having zeroes as - 2 and 5 is

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 { d) more than 3

Let a, /3 be zeroes of polynomial f(x) = a x 2 +bx+ c

l\ow a= - 2, f3 = 5

a + /3 = - 2 + 5 = 3, a f3 = (- 2) (5) = - 10

b C
- - = 3, -=- 10
a a

h - - 3 a, c = lOa
,
f(x) ax ~ - 3 a x - IO a
,
a(r · -3 ~ - 10)

';;int.e u can a<,~utnc more th an 1 vnluc' i

numbe r o f po l y nomi:11<. t 'i 111o r e th an l

choice (d) i'> correc t

 11. The zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x 2 + 99 x + 127 are

(a) both positive (b) both negative

(c) one positive and one negative (d) both equal

,ol. Let f(x) = x 2 + 99 x + 127

Let a, f3 be its zeroes

a+ f3 = - 99, a f3 = 127
both a and /3 are negative
choice (b) is correct.

12. The zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x 2 + k x + k , k ;it:. 0

(a) cannot both be positive (b) cannot both be negative

(c) are always unequal (d) are always equal
Sol. Let a , /3 be zeroes of polynomial
2
f(x ) = x + k x + k , k :#- 0

a f3 = - k, a /3 = k
a, f3 cannot be both positive

choice (a) is correct.

2
13. If one zero of the quadratic polynomial x + 3x + k is 2, then the value of k is
(a) 10 (b) - 10 (c) 5 (d) - 5
2
Sol. Let f(x ) = x +3x+ k

Since 2 is a zero of f (x)

f (2) = 0 => 4 + 6 + k = 0 => k = - IO
choice (b) is correct.

14. If the sum of the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial k x 2 + 4 x + 3 k is equal to their product th~n
the value of k is
3 3 4 4
(a) (b) (c) (d)
4 4 3 3
Sol. Let f (x) - k x 1 + 4 x+ 3k

Now sum of 1erocs =-- prod uct of zeroes

4 3k 4 4
ur
k k k 1
cho ice (d) j.., correct.
 15. If a, ,8 are the zeroes of f(x) = 2 x 2 + 8 x - 8 , then

(a) a + ,8 = a ,8 (b) a +{J > a{J (c) a + {J < a{J (d) a + ,8 + a fJ = 0

Sol Since a , ,8 are zeroes of f(x) = 2 x 2 + 8 x - 8

8
a + ,8 = - - = - 4. a fJ = --8 = - 4
2 2
a +,B=a ,8
choice (a) is correct.

16. If the sum of the zeroes of the polynom ial / (x) = (p 2 - 23) x 2 - 2 x - 12 is 1, then p takes the
vaJues
(a) 23 (b) -23 (c) 2 (d) ±5
Sol. Here f(x) = (p 2 - 23) x 2 - 2 x -12
Now sum of zeroes= 1

-2 2
---=tor - - - =1 => p 2 - 23 =2
p 2 -23 p 2 -23

p 2 = 25=> p=±5

choice (d) is correct.

I 7. If a and ,8 are the zeroes of the quadrat ic polynom ial f (x) = x 2 - 4 x + 3 , then the value of
a 4 p 3 + a 3 /34 ts

(a) 104 (b) 108 (c) 122 (d) 125

Sol. Now a , fJ an zeroes off(x) = x 2 - 4x +3

:.a + {J = 4 , af3=3
4
N ow a /3 3 + a 3 /3 4 = a 3 /3 3 (a + {J) = (a f3) 3 (a + {J)
= (3)3 (4) = (27) (4) = 108
choice (b) is correct.

18. If one of the zeroes of the quadrat ic polynom ial bx ~ + c x + d is 0, then the other
zero is

(a)
b C h C
( h) (c) (d )
d h ti f,

Sol. One zero of / (x) = hx1 + cx + d i~ O

Let a be other :zero

 C C
0- a = - - or a = - -
b b

choice (b) is correct.

19. If a , /3 are the llt'OCS of the polynomial x 2 + 5 x + c , and a - {J = 3, then c =

(a) 0 (b) I (c) 4 ( d) 5

Sol Herc a , /3 are zeroes off(x) = x 2 + 5 x + c

:. a +/3= - 5

Alsoa-/3 = 3
.. C
and a /3 = c
..(:
Adding (I ) and (2), we get

2a=-2 or a=-1

from (1 ), - I + /3 = - 5 or f3 = - 4

from (3), {- l)(-4) =c ~ c = 4

choice (c) is correct.

20. Jf a , f3 are the zeroes of the polynomial f (x) = x 2 - p ( x - I) - q .

then (a - 1) (8 ..,. I ) =

(a ) q- 1 (b) 1- q (c) q (d) 1~ q

Sol a , /3 are zeroes of f(x} = x 2 - p (x .. 1) - q

or f (x ) = x 2 - p x- (p -4 q)

:. a - f3 = p , a /3 = - ( p - q)

No" (a ... 1) (fi + I) = a /J - (u - fJ) - I = - ( p ... q) - p - I r:: _ p _ q - p .. I

= 1-q

choice f h) i~ correcL
 \Vh6cl, of the fi>Unwmg &1 not the ,v-aph of a quadrauc pt>tynomw "'
.. .
. ,'

V
lhJ

.. .,.

..
,
,

(cJ (dJ

.omiaJ?
2 WmdJ of the followmg i1 not the graph '1f a quadratic polyn
/

>
fr,,/ o,,
, )
~

◄ l.J · f-
• ,.
•
d
94 SPH,.. RUM MATHEMATICS (X)
7
3. The zeroes of polynomial x 2 - 5 x + 6 are

(a) I, 0 (b) 4, 5 (c) 3, 2 (d) None of these

4. Jfthezeroesofthe quadraticpolyno mial x 2 +(a+l)x+b are4and - 3 , then a - bis

(a) 9 (b) 10 (c) 11 (d) I2
5. A quadratic polynomial, the sum of whose zeros is O and one zero is 3 , is
2 2
(a) x - 9 (b) x 2 +9 (c) x +3 (d) x2 - 3

6. The sum and product of zeroes of a quadratic polynomial are O and ✓3 respectively. The
quadratic poJynomial is

(a) x2 - ✓3 (b) x2 +✓3 (c) x 2 -3 (d) x 2 +3

7. Jfthe sum of the zeroes of a polynomial is -¾ and product of the zeroes of the polynomial is-2.

then the polynomial is

2 I 2 I
(a) X - - x+2 (b) x + - x-2 (c) x 2 -x+l2 (d) x 2 +x-12
6 6 .

8. If x + 2 is a factor of x 2 + a x + 2 b and a + b = 4, then

(a) a = I, b = 3 (b) a=3,b = l (c) a = - I, b = 5 (d) a= 5, b = - I

9. If a , /3 are the zeros of the polynomial/(x) = x2 + x + l then _!_ + _!_ =

' a /J
(a) (b) - I (c) 0 ( d) None of these

10. ff a,f] are the zeros of the polynomialp (x) = 4 x 2 + 3 x + 11, then _!_ + _!_ is equal to
a /J
I 2
(a) (b) 3
11 (c) (d) None of these
1I 11

I 1. If a, /3 are the zeroes of the polynomial f(x) = x 2 -2 x -3 , then _!_ + _!_ is

a /J
I I
(a) (b) (c) 2
2 3 (d)
3 3
J2. Jf a , fJ are the zeros of the polynomial p (x) = 4 x 2 + 3 x + 7 , then _!_ + _!_ is equal to
a /J
7 7
(a) (b) 3 3
3 (c) (cl)
3 7 7
 1
IJ. l f a nnd fi be the tcrnc~ of 1he poly110111iol / (,) xi 'i I"-+ 2. then 1ho v1tlu11 (If
,,
➔ 1
1 ti fl I,.
/J

3 7
~
7
(b) - ( C:)
2 2 2
'-'· \ f one root of the polynomial f (x) • 3 x 2 1- I I x + p Is rcclprocnl of the other, then the vttluc ,, Is

(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) s

I ~- If one zero of the polyn omial /(x) - (k 2 + 4) x 2 + 13 x +
4 k is reciprocal of the other, then le. •

(a) 2 (b) - 2 (c) I (d) - I

I fl. If one zero of the polynomial / (x) = (k 2 + 9) x 2 + 13 x + 6 It is reciprocal of the other, then
k is

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (cl) 4

I... If one root of the polyn omia l/ (x) = 7 x 2 + 13 x + k is recipr
ocal of the other, then the value of I< ls

(a) 7 (b) 8 (c) 9 (d) 10

IR. lf a,/Jar e the zeros of the polynomial/(x) = x 2 - p (x + \) - c , then (a + I) (P + I) ..

(a) c- 1 (b) l- C (c) C (cl) l +c

1Q. If a, fJ are the zeros of the polyn omial /(x) = x 2 - p (x + l) - c such that

(a + 1) (jJ + \) = 0, then c =

(a) (b) 0 (c) - I (d) 2

20. The zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x 2 + 25 x + 156 are

(a) both positive (b) both negative

(c) onep ositiv e ando ne negptive (cl) None of thcsc ~ , jx..f 9
~I. If the zeroes of the quadrati c polynomial u x 2 + h x + c, c ¢. 0 urc cquol. then

(h) .
c 1111d h huvc oppo~ 1tc , n~
(a) c and u have oppo'i il e signs S lj

(c) c and a hove the 1,ame !i ll~n (d) 1· ond h hnvc tho 111111 e ) 1..11
 22.
2
If one of the zeroes of a quadratic polynomial of the form x + ax + b i5 the negative of tb.e cx.:.c-
tben it

( a) has no linear term and the con5tant term is negative

(b) has no linear term and the coD5tant term is positive

(c) can have a linear term but the con5tant term is negative

(d) can have a linear term but the COD5tant term is positive .

ANSWERS
J. ( d) 2. (d) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (a) 6. (b) 7. (b) 8. (b ) 9. (b) IO. (!")
11. (d) 12. (d) 13. ( c) 14. (b) 15. (a) 16. (c) 17. ( a) 18. ( b) 19. ( a)
r 20. (.?}
21. (c) 22. (a)
\.
 POLYNOMIALS- CASE STUDY

CASE STUDY 1:

The below picture are few natural examples of parabolic shape which is represented
by a quadratic polynomial. A parabolic arch is an arch in the shape of a parabola. In
structures, their curve represents an efficient method of load, and so can be found in
bridges and in architecture in a variety of forms.
1. In the standard form of quadratic polynomial, ax 2 +bx+ c, a, band care
a) All are real numbers.
b) All are rational numbers.
c) 'a' is a non zero real number and band care any real numbers.
d) All are integers.
2. If the roots of the quadratic polynomial are equal, where the discriminant
D = b2 - 4ac, then
a) D > 0
b) D < 0
c) D~0
d) D = 0
3. If a and !. are the zeroes of the qudratic polynomial 2x 2
a
- x + Bk, then k is
a) 4
b) t
4

c) 2
4

d) 2

4. The graph of x2+1=0

a) Intersects x-axis at two distinct points.
b) Touches x-axis at a point.

c) Neither touches nor intersects x-axis.

d) Either touches or intersects x-axis.
5. If the sum of the roots is -p and product of the roots is - !. , then the quadratic
p

polynomial is
a) k (-px2 + !p + 1)
 b) k (px 2 -~-1)
p

c) k (x 2 + px - !.)
p

d) k (x 2 - px + !.)
p

ANSWERS

1. c) 'a' is a non zero real number and band care any real numbers.
2. d) D=O
3. b) !
4

4. c) Neither touches nor intersects x-axis.

5. c) k (x2 + px - !.)
p

CASE STUDY 2:

An asana is a body posture, originally and still a general term for a sitting
meditation pose, and later extended in hatha yoga and modem yoga as exercise,
to any type of pose or position, adding reclining, standing, inverted, twisting, and
balancing poses. In the figure, one can observe that poses can be related to
representation of quadratic polynomial.

I. !
,· . ~ d. hJ=_;;·
( l'l li,Hi a
. • ~arna
• . ..,r •·

• •.!;;

-~:tti :::
_.
~ '! ~-· ·-
-~ -= ~ -----
. -· . ,. ,I;•
-

1. The shape of the poses shown is

a) Spiral
b) Ellipse
c) Linear
d) Parabola
2. The graph of parabola opens downwards, if _ __
 a) a~ O
b) a= 0
c) a< O
d) a> 0
3. In the graph, how many zeroes are there for the polynomial?

a) O
b) 1
c) 2
d) 3
4. The two zeroes in the above shown graph are
a) 2, 4
b) -2, 4
c) -8, 4
d) 2,-8
5. The zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 4v3x 2 + Sx - 2v3 are
2 ,/J
a) ,/J' •

2 ,/J
c) ,/J' • •
2 ,/J
d) - ./3' - •
ANSWERS
1. Parabola
2. c) a< O
3. c) 2
4. b) -2, 4

5. b) - ~ . ~
CASE STUDY 3:
Basketball and soccer are played with a spherical ball. Even though an athlete
dribbles the ball in both sports, a basketball player uses his hands and
a soccer player uses his feet. Usually, soccer is played outdoors on a large field
and basketball is played indoor on a court made out of wood. The projectile (path
traced) of soccer ball and basketball are in the form of parabola representing
quadratic polynomial.

1. The shape of the path traced shown is

a) Spiral
b) Ellipse
c) linear
d) Parabola
2. The graph of parabola opens upwards, if _ __
a) a= o
b) a< O
c) a> O
d) a~ 0
3. Observe the following graph and answer

. ..
In the above graph, how many zeroes are there for the polynomial?

a) o
b) 1
c) 2
d) 3
4. The three zeroes in the above shown graph are
b) 2, 3,-1
c) -2, 3, 1
d) -3, -1, 2
e) -2 , -3 , -1
5. What will be the expression of the polynomial?
a) x 3 + 2x 2 - Sx - 6
b) x 3 + 2x2 - Sx + 6
c) x 3 + 2x 2 + Sx - 6
d) x 3 + 2x2 + Sx + 6

ANSWERS
1. d) parabola
2. c) a> O
3. d) 3
4. c)-3, -1, 2
5. a) x 3 + 2x 2 - Sx - 6