Adiabatic Coolers

Adiabatic Coolers Lower

maintenance
WHERE LEGIONELLA CONTROL, EFFICIENCY and OPEX than
AND PERFORMANCE COME AS STANDARD cooling towers
Transtherm’s adiabatic solutions for cooling
process water have been intelligently designed
to maximise efficiency.
They offer UV sterilisation as standard and
deliver optimised operational performance in
both dry and adiabatic/wet modes and have
been confirmed as low Legionella risk.

CONTENTS
4 Technology Developed
6 Water Consumption
8 Health & Safety in conjunction
12 Energy Efficiency with the Health &
14 Case Study Safety Executive
16 Product Range
advice
20 Specification
22 Partnership

2
 INTRODUCTION

No need
to register
with the local
authority*

*If installed outside of the UK, please check to confirm. 3

Is adiabatic cooling right for your application?
Dry coolers can only cool process water to within 3°C of the ambient dry bulb temperature.
However, when water temperatures close to or below the ambient dry bulb temperature are required, our adiabatic
systems pre-cool the air to a temperature range to achieve this.
For example, if the ambient air temperature is 35°C, a dry cooler can only cool water as low as 38°C. An adiabatic system
could pre-cool the air to as low as 23°C, producing an outlet water temperature of 26°C.

35°C
Air Temperature

38°C Water Outlet

Dry Air Blast Cooler Temperature

Dry Mode Adiabatic Mode

23°C 35°C
Air Temperature

26°C
Adiabatic Cooler Water Outlet
Temperature

4
 TECHNOLOGY

How it works

If the dry bulb temperature is 35°C (1) and there is

a relative humidity of 28% (2), the adiabatic system
increases the moisture content of the air (3).

Absolute humidity kg of water per kg of dry air

Since enthalpy remains constant (4), humidity is
increased to 83% (5) and the air temperature reduced
to the required value (6).

Dry bulb temperature °C

5
Minimal Water Consumption

S
oler ped
mp
c Co Sha
& Pu
Working in wet mode for typically 3% of the year, adiabatic systems consume around 1% of the
water used by traditional cooling towers and approximately 2% of that used by wetted surface

bati n V-
hybrid dry coolers. They automatically spray, purge, drain down and UV sterilise only when
required; keeping water consumption to an absolute minimum without affecting performance.

8 Fa
Adiabatic Cooler: 92m3

Adia
Hybrid Dry Cooler: 8,647m3
Cooling Tower: 17,310m3

263 Baths Saved

In Just 1 day
In just 1 day an Adiabatic Cooler will save enough water for
263 baths vs a Cooling Tower. Assuming a standard bath holds
approximately 180 litres.

6
 WATER CONSUMPTION
Set

*Save
more than
£38,589 annually
compared to
cooling tower

*Excerpt from case study (based on 1MW heat load).

Calculation based on typical ambient conditions for the Midlands UK. Cooling Tower cycles of concentration of 4. 7
 UV system
is 99.999+%
effective at killing
Legionella
bacteria

Intelligent, integrated safety features as standard

The British Health and Safety Executive (HSE) has confirmed it is satisfied that Transtherm’s safety features
and adiabatic system operation provides ‘very effective management of Legionella risk’.
HSE has also confirmed that Transtherm coolers do not require registration with local authorities under The
Notification of Cooling Towers and Evaporative Condensers Regulations 1992 .

1. Control Panel – Ensures wet mode is only activated when the ambient air temperature exceeds the adiabatic
trigger point. Automatically controls UV dosing, regular system purging and automatic drain down in cooler
months.
2. UV System - ‘Extremely effective’ at killing all known strains of Legionella. Automatically sterilises the adiabatic
spray system’s water feed. In the event of a fault, the system either shuts down or activates the back up UV
system, sending both analogue and digital fault signals.
3. Spray Nozzles - Specially designed to prevent high risk aerosols being emitted whilst moisture is evenly
evaporated for maximum efficiency.
4. Rigid Copper Pipe - No rubber hose is used anywhere in our systems in line with best practice safety standards.

8
 HEALTH & SAFETY

1 2

“Very Effective 3
Management Of 4
Legionella Risk”

9
Eliminating Legionella
Our adiabatic systems are supplied with a UV system
as standard, which is extremely effective at killing all
known strains of Legionella bacteria.

The UV water disinfection units administer a dosage

of 30 mJ/cm2 at the end of the lamp’s life, killing
99.999+% of Legionella, providing the water has a
UV transmission of more than 95% in a 10mm cell at
254nm.

Run/standby adiabatic wet box layout

(optional for critical systems)

An example of the Dosage/Kill relationship for a typical micro-organism Ultraviolet energy at 253.7nm wavelength required for 99.9% inactivation.
(Legionella pneumophilia) (For equivalent figures in µWS/cm2 [microwatt seconds/cm2], multiply by 1000)
Applied UV Dose mJ/cm2 Reduction in live micro-organisms
Bacteria UV Dose
4.1 90.000%
Legionella bozemanii 3.5
8.2 99.000%
Legionella gormanil 4.9
12.3 99.900%
Legionella micdadei 3.1
16.4 99.990%
Legionella longbeachae 2.9
20.5 99.999%
Legionella pneumophila (Legionnaire’s Disease) 12.3
30 99.999+%

10
 HEALTH & SAFETY

Hybrid Cooler VS. Adiabatic Cooler VS. Cooling Tower

HSE: HSE: HSE:

Considered ‘high risk’ and “Very effective management of Considered ‘high risk’ and
must be registered under the Legionella risk.” No registration must be registered under the
NCTEC regulations under the NCTEC regulations NCTEC regulations

Chemical Treatment: Chemical Treatment: Chemical Treatment:

Ongoing chemical treatment No ongoing chemical treatment Ongoing chemical treatment
needed and specialist servicing
needed

Installation: Installation: Installation:

Often supplied in sections for Shipped in a single piece and Often supplied in sections
on-site erection. Chemical dosing in fully operational form with for on-site erection.
will need commissioning required settings already Chemical dosing will need
programmed commissioning
11
Variable speed EC fan technology
Noise
reductions
of 20dB at
average air
temperatures Up to 75%
energy savings
with ErP
compliant fans

√√ Transtherm’s variable speed EC fan technology delivers considerable energy consumption savings alongside
dramatically reduced noise levels
√√ A modern alternative to stage, or step, controlled fans, a cooler fitted with EC fan technology will automatically
vary the speed of all fans at once to suit system demand, rather than running fewer fans at full speed and
shutting the others off completely
√√ Running all the fans at a dramatically reduced speed consumes far less energy than running fewer fans at full
speed, which makes for a more energy efficient system and impressive subsequent cost savings
√√ Adiabatic cooling technology with variable speed fans operating in mission critical 24-hour environments can
typically deliver annual energy reductions of around 96,000kWh and an annual cost reduction of £9,660*

*Estimates based on 24 hours per day, seven days per week, 50 weeks per year with an electricity price of £0.1/kWh
12
 ENERGY EFFICIENCY

Since Transtherm introduced variable speed technology back in 2001,

it is estimated that Transtherm coolers have saved circa. 400GWh of electricity.

62,762 x
8.2 x
8.4

3,126 x

The above graphic shows the number of times 400GWh could send
a premium electric saloon car to the earth, moon or sun and back.

13
Case study: Life time cost comparison †
Application: Data centre cooling for a genetics research institute
Specification: 1,420kW compressor-free cooling over 20 years
Purpose: To deliver cool water to a compressor-free data centre cooling system
Taking part in a technical review of market-leading technologies, Transtherm supplied operating costs based in
location-specific weather data; and the numbers spoke for themselves.

£347k Adiabatic Cooler

£1,260k Hybrid Cooler
£1,403k Cooling Tower
CAPEX Cost of electricity Cost of water
14
 CASE STUDY

Transtherm’s solution Over the 20-year projected

consumed only 2% of the lifetime, Transtherm’s
water required to operate adiabatic technology will be

1% £ 25%
hybrid coolers, and less than a third of
less than 1% of the cost of a hybrid
water needed for cooler and a quarter
the cooling tower of the cost of a
alternative. cooling tower.

In addition to the cost comparisons, each technology was evaluated for technical and health & safety standards.
Transtherm’s suggested system offered the following benefits:

√√ Best combined Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) and Water Usage Effectiveness (WUE), delivering impressive
energy and water savings
√√ A larger number of smaller fans to provide considerably higher resilience in the event of a fan failure
√√ No need for ongoing chemical treatment or registration with local authorities under The NCTEC 1992 as confirmed
by the Health and Safety Executive
√√ No need for weekly or monthly health checks
√√ No specialist maintenance contracts required for twice yearly strip down and rebuild with chemical cleaning
√√ No need for chemical dosing equipment

†Assumes full design heat load throughout 20 year life expectancy. Electricity costs assumed at £0.12/kWh and water cost
assumed at £2.24/m³.
None of the savings shown take into account increased installation costs, increased CAPEX costs due to chemical treatment
plant or ongoing chemical treatment and maintenance that should be considered with the hybrid cooler and cooling tower.
This would further increase the gap in total estimated lifetime costs.

15
Product focus: Water outlet temperature
0°C 150°C

3°C 25°C
Free Cooler

Adiabatic Cooler 24°C 40°C

Dry Air Blast Cooler 33°C 150°C

Temperatures shown represent our standard product range. Bespoke solutions are available for water outlet
temperatures outside of these parameters. Typical temperatures based on UK climatic conditions. 16
 PRODUCT RANGE

Packaged Pump Sets

Simple ‘plug and play’ operation with maximum performance for outdoor use

Compatibility Plug and Play Run/Standby pumps

Our packaged pump sets suit: Installation is quick and easy with ‘plug For mission critical environments
• Ambient and chilled water systems and play’ operation. Our pump sets are such as hospitals, airports and data
• Condenser water cooling systems fitted with lugged butterfly valves for centres, Transtherm offers designs with
• Combined heat and power systems pump isolation, Y-type strainers, binder standby pumps which automatically
• Industrial air compressor applications test points, pressure gauges, NRVs and engage should a fault be detected with
auto air vents, where required. the primary pump. With multiple pumps
• Induction heating systems
on one skid, your equipment will be
• Other process cooling systems programmed to rotate the lead pump to
give even motor wear.
17
Introducing the Transtherm product portfolio

Dry Air Blast Coolers

Transtherm’s air blast coolers, also known
as dry air coolers, are a popular choice for
commercial and industrial applications.
Adiabatic Coolers Single units can provide capacities from
5kW to 4,000kW and deliver water which
Free Coolers
As a modern alternative to cooling towers, is cooled to within 3°C of the prevailing Designed to improve the efficiency of energy hungry
adiabatic coolers deliver impressive ambient temperature throughout the year. chilled water systems, free coolers automatically
energy and water savings alongside dissipate the system heat when ambient air
significantly lower maintenance and OPEX. temperatures are low enough. Operating through
the majority of autumn, winter and spring, they
Designed with advice from the Health &
allow the chiller to switch off for up to 90% of the
Safety Executive, Transtherm’s adiabatic
year.
coolers do not require registration with the
local authority and are considered ‘very These systems arrive fully packaged, complete with
effective’ at managing the risks associated integral controls, three-way valve, actuator and
with Legionella. bypass pipework; which means they can be easily
installed on existing systems.

18
 PRODUCT RANGE

Genset Coolers Packaged Cooler And Pump Sets

Designed specifically for engine Combining Transtherm’s market-leading cooler
cooling applications where high water technology with its performance-led pump sets,
temperatures, low noise requirements and this packaged combination requires minimal
a reduced footprint are key considerations,
Transtherm’s genset coolers deliver these
Packaged Pump Sets system design, installation and commissioning
time.
factors, alongside optimised performance Suitable for both commercial and industrial
Designing these two technologies concurrently
and efficiency. use, Transtherm’s range of packaged
allows Transtherm to offer greater reliability
pump sets are a simple, cost effective ‘fit
This equipment is available as single, dual and efficiency compared to outsourced
and forget’ solution and include isolation
or triple circuit coolers, in a variety of alternatives. This allows Transtherm to offer
valves, strainers, NRVs and gauges etc.
materials suitable for landfill, WIMES and you a single point of responsibility for this
STOR/Capacity specifications. equipment.

19
Technical Specifications
Standard specification
Fins • Aluminium, aluminium magnesium (AIMg2.5), epoxy coated aluminium
• Copper, electro-tinned copper
• 304 and 316 stainless steel
Tubes • Copper and electro-tinned copper at 0.35, 0.4, 0.6, 0.75, 1.0mm wall
thickness
• Carbon steel at 1.5mm wall thickness
• 304 and 316 stainless steel at 0.6 or 1.0mm wall thickness
Headers • Flanged PN16 - screwed BSPM
Casing • Galvanised steel
• 304 and 316 stainless steel
Legs • 80 x 80 x 3mm box section
• Folded legs
Fan motor insulation • Class “F“ and class “H“
Fan motor type • EC with IP55 rating and integrated speed control
• AC with IP 55 rating and control panel mounted inverter speed control
• ATEX, EXN, EXD, zone 1 and zone 2 fans available on request
UV disinfection system • The on-board system is 99.999+% efficient at killing all known strains
of Legionella bacteria at the end of an 8,000 hour life
Main water feed • Booster pump and pressure regulating valve to achieve the required
water droplet size from the spray nozzles, such that moisture will
evaporate into the air easily but avoids aerosol emissions
Double check valve • A double check valve should be included as part of the adiabatic
system to avoid water flowing back into the mains water supply
20
 SPECIFICATIONS

Control panel and safety interlocks

The adiabatic cooler control panel(s) include the following to automatically modulate the fans, adiabatic system and
safety interlocks, to give maximum efficiency and feedback to site BMS as necessary:
• Central PLC unit to control all operation, communication and safety interlock functions
• Wi-Fi module to allow wireless monitoring and maintenance
• 24V control circuit
• Door inter-locked isolator
• No need for neutral supply on site
• Critical set points and parameters are visible as “read only“ to avoid the equipment being operated outside of
design conditions
• Less critical set points and parameters are visible as “read/write“ to allow for adjustment and set limits on
adjustment to avoid operation outside of design conditions
Applicable standards for Adiabatic Coolers
• HSG274 Part 1 - Legionnaires’ disease: Technical guidance
• The Control of Legionella Bacteria in Dry/Wet Cooling Systems
• BS EN 13487:2003 - Sound Measurement
• CE Marking of coolers to include, but not be limited to:
▫▫ Machinery Directive (2006/42/EC)
▫▫ EN ISO 12100:2010 - Safety of machinery. General principles for design. Risk Assessment and risk reduction
▫▫ Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) Directive (2014/30/EU)
▫▫ Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directive (2011/65/EU)
▫▫ EN50581:2012 - Technical Documentation for the assessment of electrical and electronic products with respect
to the restriction of hazardous substances

21
Building partnerships
Transtherm has been a customer-centric business since designing our first cooling system in 1989, and we’ve been
researching, developing and problem solving since then.
Our coolers are, and always have been, designed and tested to the latest legislative standards and industry best practice.
We continuously adopt the very latest fan, coil, control and connectivity technology to create modern, efficient and reliable
products.
We attract and nurture the very best mechanical and technical expertise in the field. Our knowledgeable team believes
in specification partnerships rather than a conventional customer relationship, taking time to fully understand your
technology, systems and specification requirements before recommending or designing the right cooling products.
Furnishing each customer with technical data and detailed drawings, we can save you valuable time during the
specification phase.
All of our products are shipped in a fully built pre-commissioned form with the relevant control panels supplied fitted
and pre-wired, saving valuable time on-site.

EXTREMELY ENERGY EFFICIENT BESPOKE DESIGN

Our variable speed EC and AC fan We employ a range of coil and fan
technology typically consumes technologies to suit low, medium
only 25% of the energy used by and high temperature applications
traditional fans

INDEPENDENTLY VERIFIED MULTIPLE COOLER ORIENTATIONS

ACOUSTIC DATA When space is at a premium, we
We work with expert acousticians to offer full and half V, horizontal and
dB(A) offer clear and concise data which
supports best practice specification
vertical flatbed designs to suit
difficult installations

22
 PARTNERSHIP

20K 25K
REDUCED ENERGY CONSUMPTION IOT CONNECTIVITY
Our variable speed fans and Compatible for remote
15K 31K
market-leading pump technology communication with standard WiFi
RPM
deliver real energy savings or optional 3G connectivity

MAXIMISE BENEFITS R ANT WARRANTY

AR
Designs can be offered to qualify
2 Two year warranty as standard -

Y
for enhanced Capital Allowance extendable to 5 years
YEAR
Schemes

FULLY BUILT AND PRE- SMALL FOOTPRINT SOLUTIONS

COMMISSIONED Bespoke space saving designs for
Dramatically reduced installation when space is at a premium
and commissioning time on site

APPLICATION-SPECIFIC MATERIALS N+1 AND N+N

The cooler you need, constructed Standby - On Performance-led options
using the right materials for available for mission critical
saline/corrosive environments systems such as data centres
and/or corrosive liquids

23
 transtherm.co.uk
SMARTER COOLER EASIER

Transtherm Cooling Industries Limited

Telephone: +44(0)24 7647 1120
Email: [email protected]
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