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7 views

088book

researech article

Uploaded by

Marius Ghergu
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Se MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLICATIONS, PART A. ADVANCES IN MATHEMATICS SUPPLEMENTARY STUDIES, VOL. 7A A Note on Isolated Singularities for Linear Elliptic Equations HAM Brézis AND Prerre-Louis Lions Département de Mathématiques Université de Paris VI Paris, France DapicaTep To LAURENT ScHWARTZ Set By = (xe RY, < R} with N > 2. Our main result is the following: TueoreM 1. Let ue L1,(B,\{0}) be such that ‘Awe Li,(Bg\(0}) in the sense of distributions on B,\{0}, (1) u20 ae. in Br, Q) Au(x) < au(x) + f(x) ae. in Bg, @ where a is a positive constant and f ¢ Li(B,). Then ue L},(B,) and there exists @ € Lj,.(Bg) and a > 0 such that —bu=9 +a, in9(By, ® where 5, is the Dirac mass at the origin. In particular, it follows that ue M{,,(By)' where p = N/(N — 2) when N > 2 and p < co is arbitrary when N=2, Remarks. (1) Theorem 1 turns out to be useful in the study of isolated singularities in semilinear elliptic equations. For example, it implies the following fact—which extends a result of [1]. Assume f is a continuous function from R, into R such that liminf,_, . f()/t > —0o; assume ue ioc(Bg\{0}), flu) € Li, (Bg\(0}), u>0 ac. and —Au = f(v) in 9(B,\{0}). Then f(u) € L},.(B,), and — Au = f(u) + a5, in 9(B,) for some a > 0. ’ @) Suppose N > 3; if instead of (2), we assume that u>g acinB, with ge M¥N-2(B,), @ * M? denotes the weak L? (or Marcinkiewica) space for 1

0. The proof is an easy modification of the proof of Theorem 1, and we shall omit it. The proof of Theorem 1 is divided into three steps. Step 1. Let u(r) be the average of u over the sphere 1 Me) = See fuga HODES where sy denotes the measure of the unit sphere in R”. It follows from (1), (2), and (3) that a (7-H), € 110.2) 720, and TO), 0 ase-+0, uniformly on compact subsets of By\{0}, (10) C0) =0 for |x| —au — fe LL.(B,)—we deduce as ¢—> 0 that 9 L},.(B,) and in addition {ors [aan « Step 3. Consider now the distribution T= —Au- ge 9'B,). The support of T is contained in {0}; thus by a classical result about dis- tributions (see [2, Theorem XXXV]) we know that T= ¥ cD%q. (14) wim We claim that c, = 0 when |p| > 1. Indeed let ¢ ¢ 9(B,) be any fixed function such that (=D(D°E)0) = for every |p| 0. REFERENCES 1. P. L. Lions, Isolated singularities in semilinear problems, J. Differential Equations (1981), to appear. 2. L. Scuwarrz, “Theorie des distributions,” Hermann, Paris, 1966.

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