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Data Types in Java

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
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Data Types in Java

Uploaded by

ayush008.aiml
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Java Programming

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Data Types in Java

As the name suggests, data types specify the type of data that can be stored
inside variables in Java.
Java is a statically-typed language. This means that all variables must be
declared before they can be used.

int topperworld;

Here, topperworld is a variable, and the data type of the variable is int .

The int data type determines that the topperworld variable can only

contain integers.

Java has two categories in which data types are segregated:

• Primitive Data Type: such as boolean, char, int, short, byte, long, float,
and double
• Non-Primitive Data Type or Object Data type: such as String, Array,
etc.
Java Programming

-> Primitive Data Types

1. boolean type

• The boolean data type has two possible values, either true or false .

• Default value: false .

• They are usually used for true/false conditions.

Example : Java boolean data type

class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

boolean flag = true;


System.out.println(flag); // prints true

}
}

2. byte type

• The byte data type can have values from -128 to 127 (8-bit signed

two's complement integer).


• If it's certain that the value of a variable will be within -128 to 127,
then it is used instead of int to save memory.
• Default value: 0
Java Programming

Example : Java byte data type

class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

byte range;

range = 124;
System.out.println(range); // prints 124

}
}

3. short type

• The short data type in Java can have values from -

32768 to 32767 (16-bit signed two's complement integer).


• If it's certain that the value of a variable will be within -32768 and

32767, then it is used instead of other integer data types ( int , long ).

Default value: 0

Example : Java short data type


class Main {
void main(String[] args) {
public static
short
temperature;
temperature
= -200;
System.out.println(temperature); // prints -200
}
}
Java Programming

4. int type
• The int data type can have values from -231 to 231-1 (32-bit signed

two's complement integer).


• If you are using Java 8 or later, you can use an unsigned 32-bit integer.
This will have a minimum value of 0 and a maximum value of 232-1.

• Default value: 0

Example : Java int data type


class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

int range = -4250000;


System.out.println(range); // print -4250000

}
}

5. long type

• The long data type can have values from -263 to 263-1 (64-bit signed

two's complement integer).


• If you are using Java 8 or later, you can use an unsigned 64-bit integer
with a minimum value of 0 and a maximum value of 264-1.
• Default value: 0

Example : Java long data type


class LongExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

long range = - 42332200000L;

System.out.println(range); // prints -42332200000

Notice, the use of L at the end of -42332200000 . This represents that it's an
integer of the long type.
Java Programming

6. double type

• The double data type is a double-precision 64-bit floating-point.

• It should never be used for precise values such as currency.

• Default value: 0.0 (0.0d)

Example: Java double data type


class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

double number = -42.3;


System.out.println(number); // prints -42.3

}
}

7. float type

• The float data type is a single-precision 32-bit floating-point.

• It should never be used for precise values such as currency.

• Default value: 0.0 (0.0f)

Example : Java float data type


class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

float number = -42.3f;


System.out.println(number); // prints -42.3

}
}

Notice that we have used -42.3f instead of -42.3 in the above program. It's
because -42.3 is a double literal.
To tell the compiler to treat -42.3 as float rather than double , you need to
use f or F.
Java Programming

8. char type

• It's a 16-bit Unicode character.

• The minimum value of the char data type is '\u0000' (0) and the

maximum value of the is '\uffff' .

• Default value: '\u0000'

Example: Java char data type


class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

char letter = '\u0051';


System.out.println(letter); // prints Q

}
}
Here, the Unicode value of Q is \u0051. Hence, we get Q as the output.
Here is another example:
class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

char letter1 = '9';


System.out.println(letter1); // prints 9

char letter2 = 65;


System.out.println(letter2); // prints A

}
}
Java Programming
Here, we have assigned 9 as a character (specified by single quotes) to

the letter1 variable. However, the letter2 variable is assigned 65 as an

integer number (no single quotes).

Hence, A is printed to the output. It is because Java treats characters as an

integer and the ASCII value of A is 65.

➔ Non-Primitive Data Types

String type

Java also provides support for character strings via java.lang.String class.

Strings in Java are not primitive types. Instead, they are objects. For
example,

String myString = "Java Programming";

Here, myString is an object of the String class.

Example: Create a String in Java


class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {

// create strings
String first = "Java";
String second = "Python";
String third = "JavaScript";

// print strings
System.out.println(first); // print Java
System.out.println(second); // print Python
System.out.println(third); // print JavaScript
}
}

In the above example, we have created three strings named first , second
,

and third .

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