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ART APP Lesson 2 - Elements of Art and Principles of Design

8 Elements of Art and 8 Principles of Design

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Erielle Sta. Ana
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39 views

ART APP Lesson 2 - Elements of Art and Principles of Design

8 Elements of Art and 8 Principles of Design

Uploaded by

Erielle Sta. Ana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 2 - Elements of Art and Principles of Design

8 Elements or Art
●​ Elements of art are the formal or tangible aspects of art. These are termed as elements
because they are the “medium of language” of visual arts. The following elements are:

1)​ Line
●​ Lines can be expressive and have qualities of their own
like: scribbles, whimsical lines, implied lines, blurred
lines (lines that are smudged, shaded, or erased),
aggressive lines, and calligraphic lines.

2)​ Shape
●​ There are three basic kinds of shapes: geometric,
biomorphic, and amorphous. Shapes can also be implied
(shapes produced by the negative space).

3)​ Form
●​ A form is a three-dimensional shape. Form can refer to
the quality or likeness of an entire mass (let us say: the
form of a woman). It employs several techniques like
shading, perspective, and lighting.

4)​ Value
●​ Value refers to the lightness or darkness of a hue or a
color. This is often represented in a tonal value scale. It
has two parts: the tints (lighter tones) and the shades
(darker tones). A tone is a general term for a certain
value.
5)​ Color
●​ Color is also known as hue. Scientifically, it is the light
that bounces off a surface. In art, we use subtractive
colors, i.e., colors that are from pigments. Additive
colors refer to a property of light.

6)​ Texture
●​ Texture can be used in painting like impasto, stamping,
and scratching in pottery, embossing when making
prints, and many others. Contemporary artists have also
used the element of texture to convey a certain emotion.

7)​ Light
●​ Without light, all the previous elements will not be possible. Light creates the illusion
that color, form, and texture exist. Light can be implied, natural, or artificial (as
with a digital rendition). The lighting of an artwork has a very strong effect on its
overall impact. An example of strong and theatrical lighting is chiaroscuro.

8)​ Space
●​ Space is an area where the other element can interact. There are two types of space:
positive and negative space. Double negative space refers to a blank space used as
negative space by a field of color or pigment.

Representational, Abstract, and Nonrepresentational Art


●​ Representational Art: it mimics what is real or what can be seen. The image is
recognizable as interpreted by the artist.
●​ Abstract Art: is a modified interpretation of something that exists, but it becomes
hardly recognizable.
●​ Nonrepresentational Art: is purely concerned with forms, shapes, colors, and the rest
of the elements. It does not represent any other subject matter outside of itself.

8 Principles of Design
●​ Principles of Design are long held composition techniques which have been proven
and used by both fine and graphic artists to communicate ideas and concepts
effectively. There is a variety of proposed principles but here are some:

1)​ Contrast
●​ This is a design principle which uses the element of value to create depth and
dimension. Light also plays an important role in creating good contrast.
2)​ Harmony
●​ This refers to the elements related to each other in terms of form, color, theme,
etc.
3)​ Balance (Symmetrical or Asymmetrical)
●​ This is the aesthetic quality of a work marked by a sensible balance between two
areas: right and left, top and bottom.
4)​ Rhythm and Movement
●​ Rhythm creates a sense of direction through repetition of elements. Movement
directs the viewer’s eye toward something.
5)​ Unity and Variety
●​ Unity refers to the elements seen as a whole. Variety refers to giving a sense of
wholeness but the elements differ in some aspects and provide more interest to
the work.
6)​ Emphasis and Subordination
●​ This refers to an area or a specific subject that is given focus, hence the other
parts of the picture are subordinated.
7)​ Scale and Proportion
●​ This can be either an appropriate use of scale and proportion or it can also be an
effective way of changing the scale to achieve a certain visual goal. It also
shows the relationship between the object and the space.
8)​ Depth and Perspective
●​ This shows the three-dimensionality of a space through the use of perspective
lines and vanishing points.

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