NCAAIET – 2024 International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)

AIR POLLUTION MONITORING SYSTEM USING IoT

K.VEERASELVAM
Assistant Professor, Department of CIVIL,
Sri Bharathi Engineering College For Women, Pudukkottai.
[email protected]

Abstract - Every vehicle has its emission of gases, The Inactive sample uses simple tools but it
but the difficulty is the emission of the gas does not deliver real-time values. The procedure of
outside the uniform values. This emission from continuous online monitoring uses sensors to monitor
the vehicles cannot be completely avoided, but in the parameters, and then send it to the control center
certain things, we can able to control this. In this by the network. The way records transmission
situation, in most countries, air pollution is a includes wired and wireless organizations. Even
major problem. In our life there are three although the system is dependable it is consuming
needed necessities are used on earth i.e. air, small developments at big and dynamic range, such
liquid substances (water), solid substances(food). as complex network cabling, expensive, etc. at length
Before it consumed the water, the water permits rising communication knowledge, now a day’s air
through a reliable cleaning process. From the pollution checking method is often aimed in the
statistics, without significant weather, the air wireless method. To implement such a system single-
polluted or not, living beings that breathe over chip microcontroller along with an array of sensors,
3000 tons of air per day. Therefore this suggests the IoT module is used. This system focus on gases
raising awareness to the public regarding air such as CO2, temperature, and humidity via sensors.
quality and air pollutants. Because of air The hardware part collects air pollutant stages also
pollution not only human health is affected it packs them into the frame. The frame is uploaded to
also damages the atmosphere and surroundings the IoT modem communicated to the significant
so decrease the mature of live hood. server via IoT. This organization is low budget and
Keywords: Internet of Things, Arduino UNO, Air energy effective in terms of devices.
pollution, Gas sensor, Arduino IDE.
2. METHODOLOGY
1. INTRODUCTION In this project, we are working to make an
Pollution can be well-defined as the IoT Based Air Pollution Monitoring System in which
presence of tiny elements that distract the working of we will observe the Air Quality done on mobile using
ordinary processes and also yields undesirable health. the internet and will initiate an alarm when the air
In other words, pollution can disturb the natural quality goes beyond a certain level. When there is a
phase and also can disturb the health of the living sufficient quantity of dangerous gases are exist in the
being. As industrial development is growing widely air like CO2, smoke, temperature, humidity, and rain.
pollution is also getting make known to a huge It will show the air value in Parts per Million (PPM)
manner. At present, there is Air, Water, and Soil is on the LCD so that we can display it very easily.
polluted worldwide. This only concentrates on Air
pollution. Air pollution is the being there of impurity 3. HARDWARE COMPONENTS
or tiny elements that affect living being health and 3.1 Arduino UNO
surroundings. These pollutants result from vehicles,
industries. The WHO (World Health Organization)
states that 2.3 million persons die per year due to
reasons directly qualified by air pollution. Based on
the information above points out, the humanoid
should focus on air pollution observing. Air
pollutants are measured in Parts per Million (ppm) or
ug/m3. Primary pollutants are released directly into
the atmosphere. Secondary pollutants are produced
when the primary pollutant reacts with other
atmospheric chemicals. Air quality affects public
health . There are two approaches to checking air
pollution at present-day. One is an inactive sample
(non-automatic), and the other is constant online
checking (automatic). Fig 1. Arduino UNO

Volume 12, Issue 01 Published by, www.ijert.org ISSN: 2278-0181

NCAAIET – 2024 International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)

Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board that DHT11 is featured to measure temperature

In this project,we are working to make an IOT Based and humidity sensor complex by using temperature &
Air Pollution Monitoring System in which we will humidity sensing technique with output in the form
observe the Air Quality done on mobile using the of the standardized digital signal DHT11 is an
internet and will initiate an alarm when the air quality inexpensive humidity and temperature sensor which
goes beyond a certain level. When there is a offers high consistency and long period steadiness.
sufficient quantity of dangerous gases are exist in the DHT11 can be interfaced with any microcontroller
air like CO2, smoke, temperature, humidity, and rain. like Arduino and get instant results. It gives the
It will show the air value in Parts per Million (PPM) output in voltage.
on the LCD so that we can display it very easily. The
Arduino Uno board includes 14 digital input/output 3.4 LCD
pins 6 analog inputs, a USB Connection, a power
jack, a reset button. The user community that designs
and manufactures single-board microcontrollers and
microcontroller kits for building digital devices and
interactive objects. The Arduino microcontroller is
not only for technical persons but is intended for
designers and artists also because of its focus to
usability based on its plan which helps to achieve the Fig -4: LCD Display
intended goal. LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) an electronic
display module. This is a basic (16x2) 16 character
3.2 Gas Sensor by 2 line display. Black text on Green background. It
is used to show the Air and Humidity. A (16x2) LCD
is a very plain module and is very normally used in
different types of devices and circuits.

3.5 Buzzer

Fig -5: Buzzer

A Buzzer or beeper is an electronic audio
Fig -2: Gas Sensor signalling device. Whenever the air pollution or the
The Gas Sensor (MQ2) component is used
toxic level in the air goes beyond the threshold level
for the gas leakage finding. It is used for recognizing
the Buzzer makes sound starts beeping indicating
LPG Liquefied petroleum gas, CH4, CO (carbon
Danger.
monoxide), Smoke. The circuit is very simple. Gas
sensor of the MQ-2 gas sensor is SnO2 (stannic
3.6 Wi-Fi Module
oxide), which with lesser conductivity in clean air.
3.3 DTH11 Sensor

Fig -3: DTH11 Sensor Fig -6: WI-FI Module

Volume 12, Issue 01 Published by, www.ijert.org ISSN: 2278-0181

NCAAIET – 2024 International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)

The ESP8266 is low-cost. Every ESP8266 6. Working procedure

component comes pre-programmed with an AT 1. The above sensors can sense temperature,
expertise set firmware, meaning, we can simply join humidity, and smoke.
to the Arduino device. The ESP8266 module is a 2. When we will join it to Arduino microcontroller
low-cost board. This module has a dominant then it will detect the gases, and it will progress the
sufficient on-board processing and storage capability Pollution level in PPM (parts per million).
that allows it to be combined with the sensors. 3. Then our project is based on the wireless that is
stored in the cloud database.
4. SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS 4. For that, we have to require some programming
4.1 Arduino IDE concepts to run the project that's why we have to
The Arduino is an Integrated Development create a code using Aurdino1.6.10. Software.
Environment (IDE) or Arduino Software has a text 5. In this software, the code should be written in
editor for writing programs. It also has a message simple C language with all descriptions of sensors,
area, text console, a toolbar with buttons for and another operating system in which the code
functions and a series of menus. It links to the explains how the sensor, Wi-Fi module, LCD, and so
Arduino hardware to upload programs and connect on should be connected.
with them. 6. The whole program is dumped into the Arduino
microcontroller.
4.2 Thing speak 7. With this Wi-Fi module, 8266 is used for Trans
Thing Speak is an Internet of Things (IoT) receiving the data from hotspot from another device.
platform that lets you gather and hold sensor records 8. And it useful for detecting the number of polluted
in the cloud and develop IoT applications. The Thing gases in the air with that the values are displayed in
Speak IoT platform delivers apps that let you study the cloud.
and visualize your value. 9. The percentage levels are monitored continuously
in LCD and cloud database also.
5. SYSTEM DESIGN 10. If the level of gas value more than the threshold
5.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM value buzzer starts ON automatically.

7. RESULT AND DISCUSSION

In the pollution monitoring system gas
sensor (mq2) is used to detect the gas likes oxygen,
carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and other toxic gases. The
DTH11 sensor is used to detect temperature and
humidity. The concentration of air pollutants such as
CO, Carbon dioxide (CO2), methane, propane, NO2,
and dust are displayed in 16X2 LCD. When the limit
of sensed value exceeds the threshold value the
buzzer that alerts. The online application needs to
analyze air quality value got from sensors. Thing-
speak is an opensource application programming
Fig-7: Represents the arrangements of interface that needs to store and recover data from
components interconnected things using the hypertext protocol
5.2 Circuit diagram over the internet or via a local area network. It also
offers access to a wide range of embedded devices
and web facilities.

8. CONCLUSION
The system utilizes city buses, industrial
areas to collect pollutant gases such as CO, smoke,
and temperature. Here we have successfully designed
such a system that can monitor the real-time air
pollution percentage present in the air which can be
accessed from anywhere in the world so, here we
have designed a circuit which makes takes corrective
Fig -8: Circuit diagram action on the increase of air pollution on the
particular threshold value.

Volume 12, Issue 01 Published by, www.ijert.org ISSN: 2278-0181

NCAAIET – 2024 International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)

The proposed Wireless Air Pollution

Monitoring System be responsible for real-time info
about the level of air pollution in these areas, as well
as alerts in cases of extreme change in the quality of
air. This data can then be used by the establishments
to take prompt activities such as leaving people or
sending crisis reply team. The system uses city buses
to gather pollutant gases such as CO, NO2, and SO2.
The pollution facts from several mobile sensor ranges
are conveyed to a central some that make these facts
accessible on the Internet. The facts display the
pollutant range and their conformance to local air
quality.

REFERENCES
1. Navreetinder Kaur1, Rita Mahajan2, Deepak
Bagai3, “Air Quality Monitoring System based on
Arduino Microcontroller”, International Journal of
Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and
Technology (An ISO 3297: 2007 Certified
Organization) Vol. 5, Issue 6, June 2016.

2. Kennedy Okokpujie, Etinosa Noma-Osaghae,

Odusami Modupe, Samuel John and Oluga
Oluwatosin, “A SMART AIR POLLUTION
MONITORING SYSTEM”, International Journal of
Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume
9, Issue 9, September 2018

3. Harsh N. Shah 1, Zishan Khan 2, Abbas Ali

Merchant 3, Moin Moghal 4, Aamir Shaikh 5, Priti
Rane 6, “IOT Based Air Pollution Monitoring
System”, International Journal of Scientific &
Engineering Research Volume 9, Issue 2, February-
2018 ISSN 2229-5518.

4. Devahema 1, P.V. Sai Surya Vamsi 2, Archit Garg

3, Abhinav Anand 4, Desu Rajasekhar Gupta 5,” IOT
based Air Pollution Monitoring System”, Journal of
Network Communications and Emerging
Technologies (JNCET) www.jncet.org Volume 8,
Issue 4, April (2018),

5. https://www.arduino.cc/en/guide/environment

6.https://www.electronicshub.org/dht11humiditysens
or-arduino/

Volume 12, Issue 01 Published by, www.ijert.org ISSN: 2278-0181