1

ECE Hinglish
Practice Sheet – 03
Subject : EMFT
Chapter : EM WAVE
1. Which of the following is zero as applied to 6. In an isotropic inhomogeneous dielectric medium,
electromagnetic fields? free of charges and currents, the wave equation for
(a) grad div 𝐴⃗ (b) div grad V electric field having harmonic time dependence of exp
(c) div curl 𝐴⃗ (d) curl 𝐴⃗ (jt) is given by (k2 = 2 )


(a) 2 E + + k2E = 0
2. The type of time variation implied with reference to 
𝑡
the field quantities in Maxwell’s equations is ( )
(b) 2 E +  E + k 2 E = 0
(a) sinusoidal.
(b) non-sinusoidal.    2
(c) 2 E +   E  +k E =0
(c) both sinusoidal and non-sinusoidal.   
(d) exponential. 
(d) 2 E + E  + k 2E = 0

3. If a uniform plane wave propagating in the direction
( 4aˆx − 2aˆ y + aˆz ) has its E field in the direction 7. Match List-I with the List-II and select the correct
answer using the codes given below the lists:
( 4 aˆx − 2k aˆ y + 4k aˆz ) , the value of k must be (Symbols have the usual meanings)
(a) 2 (b) –2
(c) –1 (d) Zero List-I List-II
Poisson’s
A. 1. 2  = 0
4. In the source free wave equation equation

2 E E Laplace’s 2 E + K02 E = 0 , Where

 H − 
2
−  =0 B. 2.
t 2 t equation K 0 =  0  0
The term responsible for the attenuation of the wave Joule’s v
C. 3. 2  = −
is equation 0
E 2 E Helmholtz’s dW
(a)  (b)   D. 4. =U j
t t2 equation dV
A B C D
E 2 E
(c)  2 E (d)  and   2 (a) 2 1 4 3
t t
(b) 3 4 1 2
5. If a plane electromagnetic wave satisfies the equation (c) 3 1 4 2
2 Ex 1 2 Ex (d) 2 4 1 3
= 2 , the wave propagates in the
z 2 c t 2
(a) X-direction. 8. The partial differential equation:
(b) Z-direction.
 2 u 2   2 u  2u 
(c) Y-direction. − c  2 + 2  = 0;
t 2  x y 
(d) XY plane at an angle of 45° between the X and Z
directions. where C  0, is known as
 2

(a) Poisson’s equation. (b) Wave equation. 2. Electric field is along the direction of
(c) Heat equation. (d) Laplace equation. propagation.
3. Magnetic field is perpendicular to direction of
propagation.
 
9. The function F = e−z sin  ( x − vt )  satisfies the 4. Magnetic field is along the direction of
v 
propagation.
1 2 F
wave equation 2 F = . Provided Which of these statements are correct?
c2 t 2
−1/2
(a) 1 and 3 (b) 1 and 4
 2 c 2 
(a) v = c 1 + 2  (c) 2 and 3 (d) 2 and 4
  

v = c (1 + 2  2 c 2 )
−1/ 2
(b) 13. Consider the following statements:
For electromagnetic waves propagating in free space:
v = c (1 +  2 c 2 )
−1/ 2
(c)
1. electrical field is perpendicular to direction of
v = c (  2 c 2 − 1)
−1/ 2 propagation
(d)
2. electrical field is along the direction of
propagation
10. The x-directed electric field Ex having sinusoidal time 3. magnetic field is perpendicular to direction of
variation e j t and space variation in z–direction propagation
satisfies the equation 2 Ex + k 2 Ex = 0 under source 4. magnetic field is along the direction of
free condition in a lossless medium. What is the propagation
solution representing propagation in positive z– Which of these statements are correct?
direction? (a) 1 and 3 (b) 1 and 4
+ jkz
(a) Ex = E0e – kz
(b) Ex = E0e (c) 2 and 3 (d) 2 and 4
+ kz
(c) Ex = E0e – jkz
(d) Ex = E0e
14. Consider the following statements: For a uniform
plane electromagnetic wave
11. Consider the following statements pertaining to a
1. The direction of energy flow is the same as the
uniform plane wave travelling in the X-direction:
direction of propagation of the wave.
1. E and H are both independent to Y and Z. 2. Electric and magnetic fields are in time
quadrature.
2. E and H have no X-component.
3. Electric and magnetic fields are in space
3. It has the same phase for all points and its quadrature of these statements
amplitude is constant over a plane surface. (a) 2 alone is correct.
4. If both Ey and Ez are present the direction of (b) 1 and 3 are correct.
resultant vector is constant with time. (c) 1 and 2 are correct.
Which of these statements are correct? (d) 3 alone is correct.
(a) 1 and 3 (b) 2 and 4
15. Identify which one of the following will NOT satisfy
(c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 1, 2 and 4
the wave equation
(a) 50e j (t –3z ) (b) sin((10z + 5t))
(c) cos ( y 2 + 5t )
12. Consider the following statements:
(d) sin( x). cos (t )
For electromagnetic waves propagating in free space:
1. Electric field is perpendicular to direction of
propagation.
 3

16. The electric field component of a uniform plane following statement is true? (c is the velocity of light
electromagnetic wave propagating in the Y-direction in vacuum.)
in a lossless medium will satisfy the equation (a) Vp > c, Vg > c
(b) Vp < c, Vg > c
 2 Ey  2 Ey
(a) =  (c) Vp > c, Vg < c
y 2 t 2
(d) Vp < c, Vg < c
 2 Ey  2 Ey
(b) = 
x2 t 2 21. [MSQ]
For non-dispersive medium, which of the following
2 Ex 2 Ex
(c) =  statement(s) is/are correct?
y 2 t 2
(a) Vp = Vg (b) Vp  f ()
E x2 + E z2 dVp
(d) = /  (c) =0 (d)   
H x2 + H z2 d

22. [MSQ]
17. A plane wave propagates in z-direction with field For normal dispersion in any medium which of the
components E y and H x with a time and z- following statement(s) is/are correct?
dependence of the form exp( jt – jz) . Ey / Hx is dVp dVp
(a) 0 (b) 0
given by d d
(c) Vp > Vg (d) Vp < Vg
 
(a) (b)
 
23. [MSQ]
−  For anomalous dispersion in any medium which of the
(c) (d) −
  following statement(s) is/are correct?
dVp dVp
(a) 0 (b) 0
d d
18. The magnetic field intensity vector of a plane wave is
(c) Vp > Vg (d) Vp < Vg
given by H ( x, t ) = 10sin ( 50000t + 0.004 x + 300 ) aˆ y
where 𝑎̂y denotes the unit vector in y direction. The 24. [MSQ]
wave is propagating with a phase velocity The group velocity in any medium with relation of
phase velocity is/are given by
(a) 5 × 104 m/s (b) –3 × 108 m/s
Vp
(c) –1.25 × 107 m/s (d) 3 × 108 m/s (a) Vg =
 dV p
1−
Vp d 
19. If the electric field intensity associated with a uniform Vp
(b) Vg =
plane electromagnetic wave travelling in a perfect Vp d 
1−
dielectric medium is given by  dV p
E ( z, t ) =10cos(210 t – 0.1z) V/ m , the velocity
7
dVp
of the travelling wave is (c) Vg = Vp − 
d
(a) 3.00 × 108 m/sec (b)2.00 × 108 m/sec dVp
(d) Vg = Vp + 
(c) 6.28 × 107 m/sec (d)2.00 × 107 m/sec d

20. Consider a narrow band signal, propagating in a 25. If phase velocity is given by
lossless dielectric medium (r = 4, r =1) , with phase Vp = A 
velocity Vp and group velocity Vg. Which of the
 4

Then, phase velocity in terms of group velocity is 35. The E field of a plane electromagnetic wave travelling
given by in a non-magnetic, non-conducting medium is given
(a) Vg = 2Vp (b) Vg = Vp/2 by E = 5cos (109 t + 30 z ) aˆ x . What is the dielectric
(c) Vg = 3Vp (d) Vg = 3Vp/2
constant of the medium?
(a) 30 (b) 10
Linked Questions 26 to 31
(c) 9 (d) 81
The electric field in a non-magnetic medium is given
by E =10cos(2108 t −z)aˆx V/m 36. The electric field intensity phasor of an EM wave in
free space is E =10e– j 4 y aˆx V / m . The angular
26. The value of attenuation constant () is_____ (Np/m).
frequency , in radian per second, is
(a) 4 × 3 × 108 (b) 4y × 3 × 108
27. The value of phase constant () is_______ (rad/m). (c) t × 3 × 108 (d) 10 × 3 × 108

28. The value of wavelength (λ) is ________ (m). 37. A uniform plane wave has a wavelength of 2 cm in
free space and 1 cm in a perfect dielectric. Which is
29. The phase velocity in this medium is ______ (ms–1). the relative permittivity of the dielectric?
(a) 2.0 (b) 0.5
30. The group velocity in this medium is _______ (ms–1). (c) 4.0 (d) 0.25

31. The wave impedance offered by this medium is 38. If the electric field component of a wave is
_________ (). E = cos ( 6  108 t + 2z ) aˆ x V/m, then the wave

32. The expression of magnetic field is (a) propagates in – X direction.

1 (b) amplitude 2 V / m.
(a) cos(2 108 t − z ) aˆ y
8 (c) is not traveling in free space.
1 (d) propagates in – Z direction.
(b) − cos(2108 t − z ) aˆ y
8
1 39. The electric and magnetic fields for a TEM wave of
(c) cos(2 108 t − z ) aˆ y frequency 14 GHz in a homogeneous medium of
12
1 relative permittivity r and relative permeability r = 1
(d) − cos(2108 t − z ) aˆ y are given by
12
E = Epe (
j t −280y )
uˆz V/m
33. The electric field component of a plane wave traveling H = 3e j(t −280y)uˆx A/m
in a lossless dielectric medium is given by
Assuming the speed of light in free space to be 3 × 108
 Z 
E ( z, t ) = 2cos 108 t −  aˆ y V/m. The wavelength m/s, intrinsic impedance of free space to be 120 , the
 2 relative permittivity r of the medium and the electric
(m) for the wave is ______. field amplitude Ep are
(a) r = 3, Ep = 120  (b) r = 3, Ep = 360 
34. The electric field of a wave propagating through a (c) r = 9, Ep = 360  (d) r = 9, Ep = 120 
lossless medium ( 0, 810) is E = 10cos
( 6 10 t − x ) aˆ
8
y What is the phase constant  of the 40. Which one of the following gives the values of the
wave? attenuation factor  and phase shift factor  for a wave
propagated in a good dielectric having  / ()  1 ?
(a) 2 rad/m (b) 9 rad/m
(c) 18 rad/m (d) 81 rad/m   /  
(a) =   ;  =  
2
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(b)  =  /  ;  =   E = E0e−z cos(t −z + )aˆx

  /   H = H0e−z cos(t −z)aˆ y
(c) =   ;  = 
Where f = 6 GHz. The consecutive properties of
2
medium are r = 1, r = 3, d = √3 S/m.
(4)  = 0;  = 2 

53. The value of attenuation constant () is_____ (Np/m).

Linked Questions 41 to 46
A uniform plane electromagnetic wave at f = 1GHz
54. The value of phase constant () is_______ (rad/m).
travels in a dielectric medium having r = 1 ,
r = 9(1 − j0.001) ,  = 0. 55. The value of wavelength (λ) is ________ (cm).

41. The value of attenuation constant () is_____ (Np/m). 56. The phase velocity in this medium is ______ (ms–1).

42. The value of phase constant () is_______ (rad/m). 57. The wave impedance offered by this medium is
_________ ().
43. The value of wavelength (λ) is ________ (m).
58. The angle () of wave for this medium is ________.
44. The phase velocity in this medium is ______ (ms–1).
Linked Questions 59 to 64
45. The group velocity in this medium is _______ (ms–1). A 300 MHz plane EM wave is propagating in the
copper slab having  = 5.8  107 mho / m
46. The wave impedance offered by this medium is 1
_________ (). = 410–7 H / m ,  =  10−9 F / m.
36

Linked Questions 47 to 52
59. The value of attenuation constant () is_____ (Np/m).
The relative permittivity and relative permeability of
any medium is given by r = 1 – j2, r = 1 – j2 at 1.1
60. The value of phase constant () is_______ (rad/m).
GHz.
61. The value of wavelength (λ) is ________ (µm).
47. The value of attenuation constant () is_____ (Np/m).
62. The phase velocity in this medium is ______ (ms–1).
48. The value of phase constant () is_______ (rad/m).
63. The wave impedance offered by this medium is
49. The value of wavelength (λ) is ________ (m).
_________ (m).

50. The phase velocity in this medium is ______ (ms–1). 64. The skin depth for this medium is _______ (µm).

51. The group velocity in this medium is _______ (ms–1).

65. Copper behaves as a

52. The wave impedance offered by this medium is (a) conductor always.
_________ (). (b) conductor or dielectric depending on the applied
electric field strength.
(c) conductor or dielectric depending on the
Linked Questions 53 to 58 frequency.
The electric and magnetic field inside a medium is given (d) conductor or dielectric depending on the electric
by current density.
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66. The intrinsic impedance of copper at high frequencies 71. At a certain frequency ‘f’ a uniform plane wave is
is found to have established a wavelength  in a good
(a) purely resistive. conductor. If the source frequency is doubled, then the
wavelength would change to
(b) purely inductive. 
(a) (b) 2
(c) complex with a capacitive component. 2
(d) complex with an inductive component. (c) 2  (d) 4 

72. Match List-I with the List-II and select the correct
67. A material is described by the following electrical
answer using the codes given below the lists:
parameters at a frequency of 10 GHz:  =106 mho/m,
 =0, and /0 = 10. The material at this frequency List-I (Medium)

 1  A. Loss-less dielectric
is considered to be________. 0 = 10−9 F / m 
 36  B. Good conductor
C. Poor conductor
(a) a good conductor.
D. Low loss dielectric
(b) a good dielectric.
List-II (Expression for Intrinsic Impedance of
(c) neither a good conductor, nor a good dielectric. Plane Wave Propagation)
(d) a good magnetic material. j   
1. 2. 1 + j 
 + j  2 

68. The intrinsic impedance  of a conducting medium for  

3. 4. (1 + j )
which  = 58 Ms / m ,  r = 1 at a frequency of 100  2
MHz is Codes:
(a) 2.14 × 10  45 
5
A B C D
(b) 1.84 × 10  45 
–3
(a) 4 3 2 1
(c) 3.69 × 10  45 
–3
(b) 4 3 1 2
(d) 3.69 × 10  −45 
–3
(c) 3 4 2 1
(d) 3 4 1 2
69. The intrinsic impedance of a good conducting medium
is given by (symbols have the usual meaning) 73. Consider the following statements in connection with
  electromagnetic waves:
(a)  − 45 (b) 45
  1. Conducting medium behaves like an open circuit
to the electromagnetic field.
 
(c) 45 (d) 0 2. At radio and microwave frequencies the relaxation
  time is much less than the period.
3. In Loss-less dielectric the relaxation time is
70. What is the phase velocity of plane wave in a good infinite.
conductor? 4. Intrinsic impedance of a perfect dielectric medium
f is a pure resistance.
(a) f  (b)
(  ) Which of these statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2 only
2 f f (c) 2 and 3 only (d) 2, 3 and 4
(c) (d) 2
(  ) ( )

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74. Consider the following statements: 79. A uniform plane electromagnetic wave in a medium
1. In conducting medium, the field attenuates is given by
exponentially with increasing depth. E =10e−0.1z cos(6109 t − 0.2z)aˆx
2. Conducting medium behaves like an open circuit The tangent loss of the medium is given by _______.
to the electromagnetic field.
3. In lossless dielectric relaxation time is infinite. 80. [MSQ]
4. In charge-free region, the Poisson’s equation
 = Angle of tangent loss.
becomes Laplace’s equation.
n = Angle of intrinsic impedance.
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only (b) 1, 3 and 4 only
Which of the following relation(s) is/are correct?
(c) 2, 3 and 4 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
(a) n = 2

75. For a plane wave propagating in an unbounded (b) n =
medium (say, free space), the minimum angle 2
between electric field and magnetic field vectors is   
90o − tan −1  
(a) 0° (b) 60° (c) n =   
2
(c) 90° (d) 180°
  
90o − tan −1  
(d) n =   
76. Distilled water at 25°C is characterized by 2
 = 1.7 10−4 mho/m and  = 78 0 at frequency of
3 GHz. Its loss tangent tan  is_________. 
81. If = 1.73 , then angle between E and H is
 =10 36−9

(a) 1.3 × 10–5 (b) 1.3 × 10–3 _____ (degree).
(c) 1.7 × 10–4/78 (d) 1.7 × 10–4/ (78 0)
82. A lossy capacitor Cx, rated for operation of 5 kV, 50
77. A copper wire ( = 0,  = 0,  = 5.8 × 10 mho/m)
7 Hz is represented by an equivalent circuit with an
carries a conduction current of 1.0 A at 50 MHz. ideal capacitor Cp in parallel with a resistor Rp. The
What is the displacement current in the wire? value of Cp is found to be 0.102 F and the value of
(a) 2.8 × 10–11 A. Rp = 1.25 M. Then, the power loss and tan of the
(b) 4.8 × 10–11 A. lossy capacitor operating at the rated voltage
(c) 1 A. respectively, are
(d) It cannot be calculated with the given data. (a) 10 W and 2 × 10–4.
(b) 10 W and 2.5 × 10–3.
78. [MSQ] (c) 20 W and 2.5 × 10–2.
For tangent loss in a medium, which of the following (d) 20 W and 4 × 10–2.
statement(s) is/are correct?
(a) tangent loss of directly proportional to 83. The depth of penetration of a wave in a low loss
dissipation factor of capacitor. dielectric increases with increasing
(b) tangent loss is inversely proportional to its (a) conductivity. (b) permeability.
quality factor. (c) wavelength. (d) permittivity.
"
(c) tan  = r , *r =r' − j r"
r 84. The skin-depth of copper at a frequency of 3 GHz is
2 1 micron (10–6 meter). At 12 GHz, for a non -
(d) tan  = magnetic conductor whose conductivity is 1/9 times
2 −  2
that of copper, the skin-depth would be
 = attenuation constant (Neper/m)
(a) 9  4 microns (b) 9 / 4 microns
 = phase constant (Radian/m)
 8

(c) 4 / 9 microns (d) 1 microns (a) 0.12 (b) 0.23

9 4
(c) 0.46 (d) 2.3

85. From a solution of wave equation in a conducting

medium we can determine various parameters. In the 90. [MSQ]
light of this, match List-I with List-II and select the For skin depth in a good conductor, which of
correct answer using the codes given below the lists: following equation(s) is/are correct(s)?
List-I (Parameter)  Vp
(a) (b)
A. Propagation constant 2 
B. Skin depth 1 1
(c) (d)
C. Sheet resistance c Rs f c
List-II (Expression)
1/2
 2    
1/ 2
91. If attenuation constant in lossy medium is 20
1.   2.  
    2  Neper/m, then loss per unit length will be ___ (dB/m).

  
1/2

( j)
1/2
3. 4.   92. In a certain lossy medium, an EM wave travel for a
 2  distance of 20 m, where its amplitude decays to 1/e
Codes: times of that initial value. If the phase shift for the
A B C same period is 30o, then propagation constant of that
(a) 3 2 1
medium is ______ (m–1).
(b) 3 1 2
(c) 2 3 4
93. An EM wave decays to 20% of its initial value after
(d) 2 4 3
travelling a distance of 5 m in a lossy medium. The
distance travelled by the wave, when amplitude
86. Which one of the following is correct? As frequency decays to 40% of its initial value, is ________ (m).
increases, the surface resistance of a metal
(a) decreases. 94. An EM wave have frequency ‘f0’ gets attenuated by a
(b) increases. factor of e–2 after propagating a distance ‘d’ in a good
(c) remains unchanged. conductor. If the signal frequency is now reduced to
(d) varies in an unpredictable manner. f0/2. After travelling the same distance in the same
conductor, then the signal will be attenuated by a
factor of _______.
87. A uniform plane wave is propagating in a material
for which  = 4 0  = 7 0, and  = 0. The skin depth 95. The skin depth in a good conductor is 4 m at a
for the material is frequency of 200 kHz. The velocity of EM wave
(a) zero. (b) infinity. inside the conductor is _______ (ms–1).
(c) 28 m. (d) 14 m. (a) 5 ms–1 (b) 10 ms–1
(c) 15 ms–1 (d) 20 ms–1

88. Depth of penetration  is equal to for
2 96. For the previous question, the change in velocity, if
frequency is made 4 times of given frequency is ____
(a) good insulator. (b) good conductor.
(ms–1).
(c) lossy medium. (d) low values of .
(a) 5 ms–1 (b) 0.8 ms–1
(c) 10 ms–1 (d) 2.5 ms–1
89. The distance (in meters) a wave has to propagate in a
medium having a skin depth of 0.1 m so that the
amplitude of the wave attenuates by 20 dB, is
 9

97. For sea water with  = 5 mho/m and r = 80, the E ( x, t ) = E0 cos ( kx − t ) aˆ y
distance for which radio signal can be transmitted 
(b) 
with 90% attenuation at 25 kHz, is ______ (m). H ( x, t ) = H 0 cos  kx − t −  aˆ z
 2

98. Some unknown material has a conductivity of 106

mho/m and a permeability of 4 π ×10–7 H/m. The skin E ( x, t ) = E0 cos ( kx − t ) aˆ y
depth for the material at 1GHz is (c)  
H ( x, t ) = − H 0 cos  kx − t −  aˆ z
(a) 15.9 m (b) 20.9 m  2
(c) 25.9 m (d) 30.9 m
E ( x, t ) = E0 cos ( kx − t ) aˆ y
99. A plane wave with E = 10e j(t −z ) aˆ y is incident (d)  
normally on a thick plane conductor lying in the X – H ( x, t ) = − H 0 cos  kx − t −  aˆ z
 2
Y plane. Its conductivity is 6 × 106 S/m and surface
impedance is 5 10–4 45 . The propagation
104. The electric field vector E of a wave in free space (0
constant (m-1) and the skin depth (µm) in the
0) is given by
conductor are___________.
  z 
E =  A cos  t −  aˆ y
100. For sea water with  = 5 mho/m and r =80, what is   c 
the distance for which radio signal can be transmitted It magnetic vector H will be given by
with 90% attenuation at 25 kHz?   z 
(a) 11.6 m (b) 3.22 m (a) H =  A sin  t −   aˆ y
  c 
(c) 32.2 m (d) 322 m
  z 
(b) H =  A cos  t −  aˆ y
101. For a perfect conductor, the field strength at a distance   c 
equal to the skin depth is X% of the field strength at    z 
its surface. The value ‘X%’ is (c) H = − j 0 A cos  t −  aˆx
 0  c 
(a) Zero (b) 50%
(c) 36% (d) 26%    z 
(d) H = − j 0 Asin  t −  aˆx
 0  c 
102. Assertion (A): A thin sheet of conducting material
can act as a low-pass filter for electromagnetic waves.
105. If the 𝐸⃗⃗ field of a plane polarized EM wave travelling
Reason (R): The depth of penetration is inversely
in the Z-direction is:
proportional to the square root of the frequency.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct E = Ex aˆx + Ey aˆ y , then its H field is
explanation of A. Ex Ey Ex Ey
(a) aˆ y + aˆ x (b) aˆ y − aˆ x
(b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT correct Z0 Z0 Z0 Z0
explanation of A.
Ey Ex Ey Ex
(c) A is true but R is false. (c) aˆ x − aˆ y (d) − aˆ x − aˆ y
Z0 Z0 Z0 Z0
103. A monochromatic plane electromagnetic wave travels
in vacuum in the x-direction (x, y, z system of 106. If E = Em sin ( t −z ) aˆ y in free space, then B is
coordinates). The electric and magnetic fields can be given by
expressed as − Em
E ( x, t ) = E0 cos ( kx − t ) aˆ y (a) sin ( t − z ) aˆ z

(a)
H ( x, t ) = H 0 cos ( kx − t ) aˆ z − Em
(b) sin ( t − z ) aˆ x

 10

Em   3 
(c) sin ( t − z ) aˆ y j  t − x +
 
z 
 (d) E = E0 e  
yˆ
E 
(d) m cos ( t − z ) aˆ y

112. The average Poynting vector (in W/m2) for a wave
with E =10cos(6109 t −z)aˆx (V/m) in free space
Linked Question 107 to 109
is ________.
The electric field vector of a wave is given as
113. The average Poynting vector (in W/m2) for a wave
j ( t +3 x −4 y )  8ax + 6ay + 5az 
E = E0e  V / m with E =10cos(6109 t +z)aˆx (V/m) in lossless
 125  dielectric (r = 9, r = 4) is ________.
Its frequency is 10 GHz.
114. The average Poynting vector (in W/m2) for a wave
with E = 10 (V/m) in lossless dielectric (r = 9, r =
107. Is this wave a plane wave? (Yes/No) 4) is ________.

115. The average Poynting vector (in W/m2) for a wave

108. It’s propagation constant is_______ ( rad m) .
with E =10e−z cos(t − 3x)aˆz (V/m) in lossy
dielectric having tan = 10–3 ,  = d , f = 2 GHz,
109. The phase velocity in y-direction is______ ( m s ) . r = 9,  r = 4 , is ________.

116. The average Poynting vector (in W/m2) for a wave

110. If a plane electromagnetic wave travelling in the
with E = 10ez cos(t +x)aˆ y (V/m) in lossy
direction  = x aˆx + y aˆ y + z aˆz , electric field
dielectric (r = 9, r = 4, f = 2 GHz, d = √3 S/m) is
(
E = Acos t − r , ) then the phase velocity ________.
Vx :Vy :Vz is equal to
117. The average Poynting vector (in W/m2) for a wave
1 1 1
(a) : : (b) 2x : 2y : 2z with E = 10cos(t −z)aˆx + 5sin(t −z)aˆ y in
2x 2y 2z
lossless dielectric (r = 9, r = 1) is ________.
1 1 1
(c) : : (d) x : y : z
x  y z
118. The average Poynting vector (mW/m2) for a wave
with E = 2cos(t − z )aˆ x + 2e j 60 sin(t − z )aˆ y in
o

111. A plane wave of wavelength λ is travelling in a lossless dielectric (r = 9, r = 1) is ________.

direction making an angle 30° with positive x-axis and
90° with positive y-axis. The E field of the plane 119. The average Poynting (mW/m2) for a wave with
wave can be represented as (E0 is a constant)
E =10cos(t − 3x + 4y)aˆx (V/m) in free space is
 3  
j  t + x + z  ___.
  
(a) E = E0 e 
yˆ
  3  120. The average Poynting vector (W/m2) for a wave with
j  t − x − z 
 
(b) E = E0 e  
yˆ E = 10cos(t −z)aˆx +10sin(t −z)aˆ y
1 1

j  t −
3  
x − z 
H= sin(t − z )aˆ x + cos(t − z )aˆ y
   12 12
(c) E = E0e 
yˆ in free space is __________.
 11

the electric field corresponding to this incident

2 power is nearly equal to
121. The average Poynting vector (mW/m ) for a wave
with (a) 80 V/m (b) 2.5 V/m
E = (3aˆx + j 4aˆ y )e j (t −z ) and (c) 30 V/m (d) 950 V/m

 1 j 
H = aˆ y − aˆ x  e j ( t −z ) 128. The energy stored per unit volume in an electric field
 40 30  (with usual notations) is given by
in free space is __________. 1 2 1
(a) E (b) E
2 2
122. If E =12cos(t −z) aˆx (V/m) is the electric field 1
(c) H 2 (d) E2
of a wave in free space, then the average power 2
passing through a circle of radius 1 m in the Z = 4
plane will be _______ (W). 129. The time average Poynting vector (in W/m2) for a
wave with E = 24e j(t +z ) aˆ y V/m in free space is
123. If E =12cos(t − 3x + 4y)aˆz (V/m) is the electric 2.4 2.4
(a) − aˆ z (b) aˆ z
field of a wave in lossless dielectric (r = 4, r = 1,   
= 0), then the average power passing through a 4.4 4.4
rectangular loop having dimension 3 m × 4 m lies in (c) aˆ z (d) − aˆ z
 
the X = –3 plane will be _____ (W).
130. The electric field component of a time harmonic
124. If E = 12cos(t − 3x − 4z) aˆ y (V/m) is the electric plane EM wave travelling in a nonmagnetic lossless
field of a wave in lossless dielectric (r = 8, r = 1,  dielectric medium has an amplitude of 1 V/m. If the
= 0), then the average power passing through a circle relative permittivity of the medium is 4, the
of radius 1 m in the 3X + 4Y = 10 plane will be magnitude of the time average power density vector
_______ (W). (in W/m2) is
1 1
(a) (b)
125. If the electric and magnetic field of wave are given by 30 60
100 1 1
E= cos(t + ) aˆ z V/m (c) (d)
 120 240
0.53
H= cos(t + ) aˆ A/m 131. Consider the following statements regarding the

complex Poynting vector P for the power radiated by
then the average power passing through a cylinder a point source in an infinite homogenous and lossless
( = 3m, 0  z  2m) will be _______ (W). medium. Re P ( ) denotes the real part of P, S
denotes a spherical surface whose center is at the
100
126. If E = sin  cos(t − r ) aˆ (V/m) point source, and n̂ denotes the unit surface normal
r
on S. Which of the following is TRUE?
0.265
and H =
r
sin  cos(t −r) aˆ (A/m)
( )
(a) Re P remains constant at any radial distance
are electric field and magnetic field of a wave from the source.
respectively, then the average power passing through
a spherical surface ( r = 3m) will be _______ (W).
(b) Re (P) increases with increasing radial
distance from the source.
(c)  Re ( P )  ndS
ˆ remains constant at any radial
127. The incoming solar radiation at a place on the s

surface of the earth is 1.2 KW/m2. The amplitude of distance from the source.
 12

(d)  Re ( P ) ndS
s
ˆ decreases with increasing equal to 2. The value of constant ε0 is 8.85 × 10–12
F/m. The energy stored (Joules) in the dielectric is
radial distance from the source. (a) 8.85 × 10–11 (b) 8.85 × 10–6
(c) 885 (d) 88.5
132. If E = ( aˆ x + jaˆ y ) e jkz − jt and
137. In spherical coordinates, let aˆ  , aˆ denote unit
H = ( k /  ) ( aˆ y + jaˆ x ) e jkz − jt the time average
vectors along the ,  directions.
Poynting vector is 100
E= sin  cos ( t − t ) aˆ V/m and
(a) null vector (b) (k / ) aˆz r
(c) (2k / ) aˆz (d) (k / 2) aˆz H=
0.265
sin  cos ( t − r ) aˆ A/m
r
133. Consider a circular cylinder of radius 1 meter and represent the electric and magnetic field components
length 0.75 meters in free space (intrinsic impedance of the EM wave at large distance r from a dipole
 =120 ohms) with its axis oriented along the z- antenna, in free space. The average power (W)
crossing the hemispherical shell located at r = 1 km,
direction. Let aˆx , aˆ y and aˆ z denote the unit vectors
0     / 2 is ______.
in the x, y and z directions respectively. An EM wave
is propagating in the positive z-direction with its
138. If H = 0.2cos ( t − x ) aˆ z A/m is the magnetic field
electric field E = cos 2f (t − z / c) aˆx volts/m,
of a wave in free space, then the average power
where f = 100 MHz and C is the velocity of light (3 passing through a circle of radius 5 cm in the X = 1
× 108 m/s). The net power flux (in mW) entering plane will be approximately
inside the cylinder is________. (a) 30 mW (b) 60 mW
(c) 120 mW (d) 150 mW
134. The H field (in A/m) of a plane wave propagating
in free space is given by 139. An elliptically polarized wave travelling in the
5 3 5   positive Z-direction in air has X and Y components
H= cos ( t − z ) xˆ + sin  t − z +  yˆ
0 0  2 Ex = 3 sin (t – z ) V / m
The time average power flow density in Watts is Ey = 6 sin (t – z + 75) V / m
0 100 If the characteristic impedance of air is 360 , the
(a) (b)
100 0 average power per unit area conveyed by the wave is
50 (a) 8 W/m2 (b) 4 W/m2
(c) 5002 (d)
0 (c) 62.5 mW/m2 (d) 125 mW/m2

135. A medium has a breakdown strength of 16 KV/m 140. The frequency of the power wave associated with an
rms Its relative permeability is 1.0 and relative electromagnetic wave having an E field as
 z
permittivity is 4.0. A plane electromagnetic wave is E = e− z /  cos  t −  , is given by
transmitted through the medium. The maximum  
possible power flow density (MW/m2) and the  
(a) (b)
associated rms value of magnetic fields (A/m) 8 4
are________ respectively.  
(c) (d)
2 
136. A dielectric slab with 500 mm × 500 mm cross
section is 0.4 m long. The slab is subjected to a 141. The velocity of the plane wave sin2 (t – x) is
uniform electric field of E = 6aˆx + 8aˆ y kV / mm . 2 
(a) (b)
The relative permittivity of the dielectric material is  2
 13

2  which one of the following statements is NOT

(c) (d)
2  correct?
(a) Wave is linearly polarized along aˆ z .
142. [MSQ] (b) The velocity of the wave is 5 × 105 m/s.
When a plane wave propagates in a dielectric (c) The complex propagation constant is (0.1 + 2j).
medium (d) The wave is travelling along aˆ x .
(a) The average electric energy and the average
magnetic energy densities are not equal.
148. Let the electric field vector of a plane
(b) The average electric energy and the average
electromagnetic wave propagating in a homogenous
magnetic energy densities are equal.
(c) The net average energy density is finite. medium be expressed as E = Ex e− j(t −z) xˆ , where
(d) The average electric energy density is not the propagation constant  is a function of the
dependent on the average magnetic energy angular frequency  . Assume that () and E x
density.
are known and are real. From the information
available, which one of the following CAN NOT be
143. The electric field intensity of a plane wave traveling
determined?
in the free space is given by the following expression
(a) The type of polarization of the wave.
E ( x, t ) = 24cos (t – k0 x) aˆy (V / m) . In this field
(b) The group velocity of the wave.
consider a square area 10 cm × 10 cm on a plane X + (c) The phase velocity of the wave.
Y = 1. The total time averaged power (in mW) (d) The power flux through the z = 0 plane.
passing through the square area is ____.
149. The electric field of an electromagnetic wave
144. The polarization of a wave with electric field vector propagating in the positive z-direction is given by
E = E0 e (
j t −z )
( aˆx + aˆ y ) is E = sin ( t −z ) aˆx + sin (t −z +  / 2) aˆ y .

(a) linear. (b) elliptical. The wave is

(c) left hand circular. (d) right hand circular. (a) linearly polarized in the z-direction.
(b) elliptically polarized.
145. The equation (c) left-hand circularly polarized.
E = E sin ( t −z ) aˆx + E sin (t −z ) aˆ y (d) right-hand circularly polarized.

represents
150. A plane electromagnetic wave travelling along the +
(a) a left circularly polarized wave.
z-direction, has its electric field given by
(b) a right circularly polarized wave.
(c) a linearly polarized wave. Ex = 2cos (t ) and Ey = 2 cos ( t + 90) . The
(d) an elliptically polarized wave. wave is
146. Which one of the following statements is NOT (a) linearly polarized.
correct for a plane wave with (b) right circularly polarized.
H = 0.5e−0.1x cos (106 t − 2 x ) aˆ z A/m (c) left circularly polarized.
(d) elliptically polarized.
(a) The wave frequency is 106 rps.
(b) The wavelength is 3.14 m.
151. The electric field of a uniform plane electromagnetic
(c) The wave travels along +X-direction. wave in free space, along the positive x-direction, is
given by E = 10 ( aˆ y + jaˆ z ) e − j 25 x . The frequency and
(d) The wave is polarized in the Z-direction.

147. Given that: polarization of the wave, respectively, are

H = 0.5e−0.1x sin (106 t − 2 x ) aˆ y ( A/m ) , (a) 1.2 GHz and left circular.
(b) 4 GHz and left circular.
 14

(c) 1.2 GHz and right circular. (c) Right Hand Elliptical.
(d) 4 GHz and right circular. (d) Linear.

152. The electric field of a uniform plane wave is given 158. If the electric field of a plane wave is
by E ( z, t ) = 3cos ( t − kz + 30) xˆ
E = 15sin (t − z ) aˆx + 15cos (t − z ) aˆ y
−4sin (t − kz + 45) yˆ (mV / m)
What is the nature of the polarization of the wave? The polarization state of the plane wave is
(a) Linear. (b) Elliptical. (a) left elliptical. (b) left circular.
(c) Right-circular. (d) Left-circular. (c) right elliptical. (d) right circular.

153. If E = ( xˆ + jyˆ ) e− jz , then the wave is said to be 159. A plane wave is characterized by
E = ( 0.5 xˆ + e yˆ ) e
j / 2 j ( t − kz )
which one of the following? . This wave is
(a) Right Circularly Polarized.
(a) linearly polarized.
(b) Right Elliptically Polarized.
(b) circularly polarized.
(c) Left Circularly Polarized.
(c) elliptically polarized.
(d) Left Elliptically Polarized.
(d) unpolarized.

154. The electric field of a uniform plane wave is given

160. The electric field of a uniform plane electromagnetic
by E = 10 sin(10t −  z ) aˆ x + 10cos(t −  z )aˆ y (V / m)
The polarization of the wave is (
wave is E = ( aˆ x + j 4aˆ y ) exp  j 2  10 t − 0.2 z 
7
)
(a) circular. (b) elliptical. The polarization of the wave is
(c) linear. (d) undefined. (a) Right Handed Circular.
(b) Right Handed Elliptical.
155. The sum of two oppositely rotating circularly (c) Left Handed Circular.
polarized, waves of equal amplitude will be (d) Left Handed Elliptical.
(a) a circularly polarized wave.
(b) a linearly polarized wave. 161. The instantaneous electric field of a plane wave
(c) an elliptically polarized wave. propagating in z-direction is
(d) an unpolarized wave. E (t ) = ( E1 cos t ) aˆ x − ( E2 sin t ) aˆ y  e − jkz .

156. The sinusoidal time - varying vector field This wave is

(a) Linearly Polarized.
F = 2cos (t + 30) aˆx + 2cos (t − 30) aˆy
(b) Elliptically Polarized.
(a) elliptically polarized. (c) Right Hand Circularly Polarized.
(b) circularly polarized. (d) Left Hand Circularly Polarized.
(c) linearly polarized.
(d) unpolarized. 162. The expression for an electric field in free space is
E = E0 ( xˆ + yˆ + j 2 zˆ ) e− j ( t −kx + ky ) , where X, Y, Z
157. The electric field of a plane wave propagating in a
lossless non-magnetic medium is given by the represents the spatial coordinates, t represents time,
following expression and  , k are constants. This electric field
E ( z, t ) = 5cos ( 2  109 t + z ) aˆ x (a) does not represent a plane wave.
(b) represents a circularly polarized plane wave
  propagating normal to the z-axis.
+ 3cos  2109 + z −  aˆ y
 2 (c) represents an elliptically polarized plane wave
The type of the polarization is propagating along the XY plane.
(a) Right Hand Circular. (d) represents a linearly polarized plane wave.
(b) Left Hand Elliptical.
 15

163. Consider the following statements: 167. [MSQ]

1. Electric or magnetic field must have two The electric field of a plane electromagnetic wave is
orthogonal linear components. E = C1xcos(t – z) aˆx + C1ycos(t – z + ) aˆ y
2. The two components must have the same
Which of the following combination(s) will give rise
magnitude.
to a Left Handed Elliptically Polarized (LHEP)
3. The two components must have a time-phase
wave?
difference of odd multiples of 90°.
Which of these are the necessary and sufficient (a) C1x = 1, C1y = 1,  = /4
conditions for a time-harmonic wave to be circularly (b) C1x = 2, C1y = 1,  = /2
polarized at a given point in space?
(a) 1 and 2 only (c) 2 and 3 only (c) C1x = 1, C1y = 2,  = 3/2
(b) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 1 and 3 only
(d) C1x = 2, C1y = 1,  = 3/4

164. Match List-I (Nature of Polarization) with List-II

(Relationship between X and Y components) for a Linked Questions 59 to 74
propagating wave having cross-section in the XY A plane electromagnetic wave travelling in free space
plane and propagating along Z-direction and select incident normally on a lossless dielectric medium
the correct answer: having r = 16, r = 4. If electric field in free space is
List-I given by Ei = 24cos(6108 t − 2y)aˆx
A. Linear
B. Left circular
168. The phase constant in incident medium is _______
C. Right circular
(rad m–1).
D. Elliptical
List-II
169. The phase constant in transmitted medium is ______
1. X and Y components are in same phase.
2. X and Y components have arbitrary phase (rad m–1).
difference.
3. X component leads Y by 900. 170. The intrinsic impedance in incident medium is _____
4. X component lags behind Y by 900. ().
Codes:
A B C D 171. The intrinsic impedance in transmitted medium is
(a) 1 4 2 3 _____ ().
(b) 4 1 2 3
(c) 1 4 3 2 172. The reflection coefficient of electric field is ______.
(d) 4 1 3 2
173. The reflection coefficient of magnetic field is ______.
165. Electromagnetic waves are transverse in nature due
to 174. The transmission coefficient of electric field is _____.
(a) Reflection. (b) Diffraction.
(c) Interference. (d) Polarization. 175. The transmission coefficient of magnetic field is
____.
166. [MSQ]
If n̂ is the polarization vector and kˆ is the direction
176. The expression of reflected electric field is _______.
of propagation of a plane electromagnetic wave, then
177. The expression of transmitted electric field is _____.
(a) n̂ = kˆ (b) n̂ = −kˆ
(c) nˆ  kˆ = 0 (d) nˆ  kˆ = 0 178. The expression of incident magnetic field is _______.
 16

179. The expression of reflected magnetic field is 195. The expression of reflected magnetic field is
_______. _______.

180. The expression of transmitted magnetic field is 196. The expression of transmitted magnetic field is
_____. _____.

181. The expression of ( Pavg )i is _______ (W m 2 ) . 197. The expression of ( Pavg )i is _______ (W m 2 ) .

182. The expression of (Pavg )r is _______ (W m 2 ) . 198. The expression of (Pavg )r is _______ (W m 2 ) .

183. The expression of ( Pavg )t is _______ (W m 2 ) . 199. The expression of ( Pavg )t is _______ (W m 2 ) .

Linked Questions 184 to 199

A plane electromagnetic wave is travelling in lossless 200. A plane electromagnetic wave travelling in a perfect
dielectric medium which is homogeneous, linear and non- dielectric medium of characteristic impedance 1 is
magnetic and having r = 16 is incident normally in free incident normally on its boundary with another
space. If incident electric field is given by perfect dielectric medium of characteristic
Ei = 24cos(6108 t −z)aˆx + 24sin(6108 t −z)aˆy impedance 2. The electric and magnetic field
strengths of the incident wave are denoted by Ei and
Hi respectively whereas Er and Hr denote these
184. The phase constant in incident medium is _______
quantities for the reflected wave, and Et and Ht for
(rad m–1).
the transmitted wave. Which of the following
relations are correct?
185. The phase constant in transmitted medium is ______
1. Ei = 1Hi 2. Er = 1Hr
(rad m–1).
3. Et = 2Ht
Select the correct answer using the codes given
186. The intrinsic impedance in incident medium is _____
below:
().
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1 and 2
(c) 1 and 3 (d) 2 and 3
187. The intrinsic impedance in transmitted medium is
_____ (). 201. A uniform plane wave in air is normally incident on
an infinitely thick slab. If the refractive index of the
188. The reflection coefficient of electric field is ______. glass slab is 1.5, then the percentage of the incident
power that is reflected from the air-glass interface is
189. The reflection coefficient of magnetic field is ______. (a) 0% (b) 4%
(c) 20% (d) 100%
190. The transmission coefficient of electric field is _____.
202. A uniform plane wave travelling in air is incident on
191. The transmission coefficient of magnetic field is the plane boundary between air and another
____.
dielectric medium with r = 4. The reflection
coefficient for the normal incidence is
192. The expression of reflected electric field is _______.
(a) Zero (b) 0.5  180°
(c) 0.333  0° (d) 0.333  180°
193. The expression of transmitted electric field is _____.

203. When a plane wave travelling in free-space is

194. The expression of incident magnetic field is _______.
incident normally on a medium having r = 4.0, the
 17

fraction of power transmitted into the medium is D. Phase Shift Constant of Medium ‘A’ 4. 8/7
given by Codes:
(a) 8/9 (b) 1/2
A B C D
(c) 1/3 (d) 5/6
(a) 4 1 2 3
204. A uniform wave in the free space is normally (b) 2 3 4 1
incident on an infinitely thick dielectric slab (c) 4 3 2 1
(dielectric constant r = 9). The magnitude of the
(d) 2 1 4 3
reflection coefficient is
(a) 0 (b) 0.3
(c) 0.5 (d) 0.8 209. A plane wave having the electric field component
Ei = 24cos ( 3  108 t − y ) aˆ z V/m and travelling in
205. A uniform plane electromagnetic wave travelling in
free space is incident normally on a lossless medium
free-space enters into a lossless medium at normal
with  = 0 and  = 90 which occupies the region Y
incidence. In the medium its velocity reduces by
 0. The reflected magnetic field component is given
50% and in free-space sets up a standing wave
by
having a reflection coefficient of –0.125. The
cos ( 3 108 t + y ) aˆ x A / m
1
permeability and the permittivity of the medium are (a)
______respectively. 10

cos ( 3  108 t + y ) aˆ x A / m
1
(b)
206. When a plane wave is incident normally from 20
dielectric ‘1’ (0, 1), onto dielectric (0, 2), the cos ( 3  108 t + y ) aˆ x A / m
1
(c) −
electric field of the transmitted wave is –2 times the 20
electric field of the reflected wave. The ratio ε2/ε1 is cos ( 3 108 t + y ) aˆ x A / m
1
(d) −
(a) 0.5 (b) 1 10
(c) 2 (d) 4
( )
207. A plane EM wave Ei , Hi travelling in a perfect 210. Consider a rectangular coordinate system (x, y, z)
with unit vectors aˆx , aˆy , and aˆz . A plane wave
dielectric medium of surge impedance ‘Z’ strikes
normally on an infinite perfect dielectric medium of travelling in the region z  0 with electric field vector
surge impedance 2Z. If the refracted EM wave is E = 10 cos(2 108 t +z) aˆ y is incident normally on
(E , H ) ,
r r the ratios of Ei / Er and H i / H r are the plane at z = 0, where  is the phase constant. The
respectively region z  0 is in free space and the region z < 0 is
(a) 1/3 and 3/2 (b) 3/2 and 1/3 filled with a lossy medium (permittivity  = 0,
(c) 3/4 and 3/2 (d) 3/4 and 2/3 permeability  = 40, where 0 = 8.85 × 10–12 F/m
and, 0 = 4 × 10–7 H/m). The value of reflection
208. A plane wave whose electric field is given by coefficient is
E = 100cos ( t − 6x ) aˆz passes normally from a (a)
1
(b)
3
3 5
material ‘A’ having r = 4, r = 1 and  = 0 to a
2 2
material ‘B’ having r = 9, r = 4 and  = 0. (c) (d)
5 3
Match items in List-I with List-II and select the
correct answer: 211. A uniform plane wave is incident from free space (z
List -I List-II < 0) normally on an isotropic perfect dielectric
A. Intrinsic Impedance of Medium ‘B’ 1. 6 medium (z > 0), characterized by the permittivity

B. Reflection Coefficient 2. 80

C. Transmission Coefficient 3. 1/7
 18

4 0 0
matrix   = 0  0 9 0  and = 0 . The electric 214. A plane wave in free space with
 
 0 0 4  E= (  ) (10.0aˆ x + 11.8aˆ y ) exp [ j ( 4  10 t – z )]
8

field of the incident wave is Ei = E0 cos (t −z ) aˆ y , where xˆ and yˆ are unit vectors in the x- and y-
,where  = 3  109 and  =10 . The electric field directions, respectively, is incident normally on a
of transmitted wave Et is given by semi-infinite block of ice as shown in diagram
2 below. For ice,  = 0,  = 0 and  = 90(1 – j0.001).
(a) E0 cos ( t − z ) aˆ x (a) The average power density associated with the
3
2 E0 incident wave is_______(W/m2).
(b) cos ( t − 2z ) aˆ x (b) The skin depth (meter) in ice, is_______(m).
3
(c) The average power density at a distance of 5
1
(c) E0 cos ( t − z ) aˆ y times the skin depth in the ice block, measured
2
from the interface, is________(µW/m2).
1
(d) E0 cos ( t − 3z ) aˆ y , , 
2
Incident wave
212. A uniform plane wave is normally incident from air y
on an infinitely thick magnetic material with relative
permeability 100 and relative permittivity 4 (see in 0, 0
Fig.). The wave has an electric field of 1 V/meter Block of ice
(rms). The average Poynting vector(mW/m2) inside 215. A right circularly polarized wave is incident from air
the material is______. onto a polystyrene (r = 2.7). The reflected wave is
Air MAGNETIC MATERIAL
E r= 100 r= 4 (a) Right circularly polarized
 r= 1 (b) Left circularly polarized
 r= 1 (c) Right elliptically polarized
(d) Left elliptically polarized

H 216. If a right-handed circularly polarized wave is

incident normally on a plane perfect conductor, then
the reflected wave will be
213. Consider a uniform plane wave with amplitude (E0) (a) Right-handed circularly polarized.
of 10 V/m and 1.1 GHz frequency travelling in air, (b) Left-handed circularly polarized.
and incident normally on a dielectric medium with (c) Elliptically polarized with a tilt angle of 45°.
complex relative permittivity (r) and permeability (d) Horizontally polarized.
(r) as shown in the figure.

217. A TEM wave is incident normally upon a perfect

conductor. The E and H fields at the boundary will
be respectively
(a) Minimum and Minimum.
(b) Maximum and Maximum.
(c) Minimum and Maximum.
(d) Maximum and Minimum.

218. In a good conductor the phase relation between the

The magnitude of the transmitted electric field tangential components of electric field E t and the
component (in V/m) after it has travelled a distance
magnetic field H t is as follows:
of 10 cm inside the dielectric region is_______.
 19

(a) E t and H t are in phase. 2. An EM wave incident on a perfect conductor is

(b) E t and H t are out of phase. fully reflected.
3. When an EM wave is incident from a denser
(c) H t leads E t by 90°.
medium to rarer medium at an angle equal to or
(d) E t leads H t by 45°. exceeding the critical angle, the wave suffers
total internal reflection.
219. A plane monochromatic electromagnetic wave Which of the statements given above are correct?
travels in a perfect conducting medium, which is (a) Only 1 and 2 (b) Only 2 and 3
charge-free and external current free. Then, (c) Only 1 and 3 (d) 1, 2 and 3

(a) E field lags B field by .
4 223. Polystyrene has a relative permittivity of 2.7. If the
 wave is incident at an angle ‘i’ of 30° from air to
(b) E field leads B field by .
4 polystyrene, the angle of transmission will be nearly
(c) E field leads B are co-phase. (a) 0.2° (b) 2°
 (c) 18° (d) 48°
(d) E and B field in phase by .
2
224. A uniform plane wave in air impinges at 45° angle on
220. A plane wave is incident normally on a perfect a lossless dielectric material with dielectric constant
i
conductor as shown in Fig. Here, E xi , H yi and P are r. The transmitted wave propagates in a 30° direction
Electric Field, Magnetic Field and Poynting Vector with respect to the normal. The value of r is
respectively, for the incident wave. The reflected (a) 1.5 (b) 1.5
wave should have
(c) 2 (d) 2

Statement for Linked Answer Questions 225 and

226
A monochromatic plane wave of wavelength =600
m is propagating in the direction as shown in the
figure below. denote incident, reflected, and
transmitted electric field vectors associated with the
wave. Ei , Er and Et denote incident, reflected, and
(a) E = −E
r
x
i
x (b) H = − H
r
y
i
y transmitted electric field vectors associated with the
wave.
(c) Pr = −Pi (d) Exr = Exi

221. A plane wave travelling in air is incident on a

conducting medium. The magnetic field intensity
(a) becomes approximately half.
(b) gets approximately doubled.
(c) remains unchanged.
(d) cannot be determined.

222. Consider the following statements regarding EM

wave 225. The angle of incidence θi and the expression for Ei are
1. An EM wave incident on a perfect dielectric is 104 ( x + z )
E0 −j
partially transmitted and partially reflected. (a) 60 and ( aˆ x − aˆ z ) e 3 2
V/m
2
 20

104 z 234. The reflection coefficient of magnetic field

E0 −j
(b) 45 and ( aˆx + aˆz ) e 3
V/m is________.
2
104 ( x + z )
E0 −j
(c) 45 and ( aˆx − aˆz ) e 3 2
V/m 235. The transmission coefficient of electric field
2 is________.
104 z
E0 −j
(d) 60 and ( aˆx − aˆz ) e 3
V/m 236. The transmission coefficient of magnetic field
2
is________.

226. The expression for Er is 237. The expression of reflected electric field is________.
104 ( x − z )
E0 −j
(a) 0.23 ( aˆ x + aˆz ) e 3 2
V/m 238. The expression of transmitted electric field
2
is________.
104 z
E0 −j
(b) − ( aˆx + aˆz ) e 3
V/m
2 239. The expression of incident magnetic field is________.
10 ( x − z )
4

E0 −j
(c) 0.44 ( aˆ x + aˆ z ) e 3 2
V/m 240. The expression of reflected magnetic field
2
is________.
104 ( x + z )
E0 −j
(d) ( aˆx + aˆz ) e 3 V/m
241. The expression of transmitted magnetic field
2
is________.
Linked Question 227 to 244
Assume that a plane wave in air with an electric 242. A plane wave propagating in air with
(
Field E = 10cos t − 3 x − 3 z aˆ y V/m incident on a ) E = ( 8aˆ x + 6aˆ y + 5aˆ z ) e (
j t + 3 x − 4 y )
V/m is incident on a

non-magnetic dielectric slab of relative permittivity 3 perfectly conducting slab positioned at x  0. The E
which covers the region Z > 0. field of the reflected wave is
(a) ( −8aˆ x − 6aˆ y − 5aˆ z ) e (
j t + 3 x + 4 y )
V/m
227. The angle of incidence in the dielectric slab is
(b) ( −8aˆ x + 6aˆ y + 5aˆ z ) e (
_______ degrees. j t + 3 x + 4 y )
V/m
228. The angle of transmission in the dielectric slab is
(c) ( −8aˆ x − 6aˆ y − 5aˆ z ) e (
j t − 3 x − 4 y )
_______ degrees. V/m

(d) ( −8aˆ x + 6aˆ y − 5aˆ z ) e (

j t − 3 x − 4 y )
229. The phase constant in incident medium V/m
is________(rad/m).

230. The phase constant in transmitted medium 243. A plane wave is generated under water ( = 810 and
is________(rad/m).  = 0). The wave is parallel polarized. At the
interface between water and air, the angle α for which
231. The intrinsic impedance in incident medium there is no reflection is_______.
is________(ohm). (a) 83.88° (b) 83.66°
(c) 84.86° (d) 84.08°
232. The intrinsic impedance in transmitted medium
is________(ohm).
244. An electromagnetic wave is obliquely incident at the
233. The reflection coefficient of electric field is________. surface of a dielectric medium 2(2,2) from dielectric
medium 1(2,2). The angle of incidence is i and c is
the critical angle. Then the phenomenon of total
reflection occurs when
 21

(a) 1 > 2 and i < c 2. Brewster angle can occur only at the boundary of
(b) 1 < 2 and i > c a perfect conductor.

(c) 1 < 2 and i < c 3. For a horizontally polarized wave, there is NO

Brewster angle.
(d) 1 > 2 and i > c
4. When the incident wave is not fully vertically
polarized, there will be a reflected component
245. For incidence from dielectric medium 1(1) onto which is horizontally polarized.
dielectric medium 2(2), the Brewster angle B and the Which of these statements are correct?

corresponding angle of transmission t for 1 = 3 will (a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 2, 3 and 4
2
(c) 3, 4 and 1 (d) 4, 1 and 2
be respectively.
(a) 30° and 30° (b) 30° and 60°
249. For no reflection condition, a vertically polarized
(c) 60° and 30° (d) 60° and 60°
wave should be incident at the interface between two
dielectrics having 1 = 4 and 2 = 9, with an incident
246. For an elliptically polarized wave incident on the angle of
interface of a dielectric at the Brewster angle, the
9  3
reflected wave will be (a) tan −1   (b) tan −1  
 4  2
(a) Elliptically polarized.
 2  4
(b) Linearly polarized. (c) tan −1   (d) tan −1  
 3 9
(c) Right circularly polarized.
(d) Left circularly polarized.
250. A TEM wave implies obliquely on a dielectric-
dielectric boundary with rl = 2 and r2 = 1. The angle
247. A right circular polarized (RCP) plane wave is
of incidence for total reflection is
incident at an angle 60o to the normal on an air-
dielectric interface. If the reflected wave is linearly (a) 30° (b) 60°
polarized, the relative dielectric constant r2 is (c) 45° (d) 90°

251. Light from free space is incident at an angle 𝜃𝑖 to the

normal of the facet of a step-index large core optical
fibre. The core and cladding refractive indices are 𝑛1
= 1.5 and 𝑛2 = 1.4, respectively.

The maximum value of 𝜃𝑖 (in degrees) for which the

incident light will be guided in the core of the fiber
248. Consider the following statements with reference to
is _____.
Brewster angle:
1. For oblique incidence at a boundary, no reflected
252. The refractive indices of the core and cladding of an
wave is vertically polarized.
optical fiber are 1.50 and 1.48, respectively. The
critical propagation angle, which is defined as the
 22

maximum angle that the light beam makes with the The value of d (in meter) is ____
axis of the optical fiber to achieve the total internal
reflection, (rounded off to two decimal places) is
_____________degree. 255. Refractive index of glass is 1.5. Find the wavelength
of a beam of light with a frequency of 1014 Hz in glass.
Assume velocity of light is 3 × 108 m/s is vacuum.
253. A medium of relative permittivity εr = 2 forms an
(a) 3 µm (b) 3 mm
interface with free-space. A point source of
electromagnetic energy is located in the medium at a (c) 2 µm (d) 1 µm
depth of a 1 meter from the interface. Due to the total
internal reflection, the transmitted beam has a circular
256. An optical fiber is kept along the Ẑ direction. The
cross-section over the interface. The area of the beam
refractive indices for the electric fields along x̂ and
cross-section at the interface is given by
ŷ directions in the fiber are 𝑛𝑥 = 1.5000 and
(a) 2 m2 (b) 2 m2
𝑛𝑦 = 1.5001, respectively (𝑛𝑥  𝑛𝑦 due to the
(c)  / 2 m2 (d)  m²
imperfection in the fiber cross-section). The free
space wavelength of a light wave propagating in the
254. The permittivity of water at optical frequencies is fiber is 1.5𝜇𝑚. If the light wave is circularly
1.75𝜀0. It is found that an isotropic light source at a polarized at the input of the fiber, the minimum
distance d under water forms an illuminated circular propagation distance after which it becomes linearly
area of radius 5 m as shown in the figure. The critical polarized, in centimetres, is _____.
angle is 𝜃𝐶.
 23

Answer Key
1. (c)  44 
2. (c) 47.  
 3 
3. (b)
4. (a)  22 
48.  
5. (b)  3 
6. (c)  3 
7. (c) 49.  
8. (b)  11 
9. (a) 50. (310 ) 8

(310 )
10. (c) 8
11. (c) 51.
12. (a) 52. (120π)
13. (a) 53. (153.9)
14. (b) 54. (266.57)
15. (c) 55. (2.36)
16.
17.
(c, d)
(d)
56. (1.41410 ) 8

18. (c) 57. (153.930 ) 0

19. (b)
58. (300)
(2.6210 )
20. (d) 5
21. (a, b, c, d) 59.
22.
23.
(a, c)
(b, d)
60. (2.6210 ) 5

24. (a, c, d) 61. (24)

25. (a) 62. (7200)
26. (0) 63. (4.52)
27. (π) 64. (3.82)
28. (2) 65. (a)
29. ( 2  10 )
8 66. (d)
67. (a)
( 2  10 )
8
30. 68. (c)
31. (80π) 69. (c)
32. (b) 70. (d)
33. (8.89) 71. (a)
34. (c) 72. (d)
35. (d) 73. (d)
36. (a) 74. (b)
37. (c) 75. (a)
38. (d) 76. (a)
39. (d) 77. (b)
40. (a) 78. (a, b, c, d)
41. ( 10 ) −2
4
79.  
42. (20π) 3
43. (0.1) 80. (b, c)
44. (108) 81. (300)
45. (108) 82. (c)
46. (40π) 83. (d)
84. (b)
 24

85. (b) 122. (5.92)

86. (b) 123. (27.14)
87. (b) 124. (1.92)
88. (b) 125. (111)
89. (b) 126. (111)
90. (a, b, c, d) 127. (d)
91. (173.72) 128. (a)
 1   129. (a)
92.  +j  130. (c)
 20 120 
131. (c)
93. (2.84)
132. (a)
94. (e )
− 2
133. (-4.167)
134. (d)
95. (a)
135. (1.36, 84.88)
96. (c)
136. (d)
97. (3.27)
137. (55.5)
98. (a)
138. (b)
99. (310 45 ,471.4)
3 0
139. (c)
100. (b) 140. (d)
101. (a) 141. (d)
102. (a) 142. (b, c)
103. (a) 143. (53.3)
104. (d) 144. (a)
105. (b) 145. (c)
106. (b) 146. (d)
107. (Yes) 147. (a)
108. (5) 148. (d)
109. (5 10 ) 9 149.
150.
(c)
(c)
110. (c) 151. (a)
111. (c) 152. (d)
 5 ˆ  153. (c)
112.  az 
 12  154. (d)
155. (b)
 −5 ˆ 
 az 
113. 156. (a)
 8  157. (c)
 5  158. (a)
114.   159. (c)
 8  160. (d)
 5 −0.252 x ˆ  161. (b)
115.  e ax 
 8  162. (c)
116. ( −0.24e 355.43 x
aˆ x ) 163.
164.
(b)
(c)
117. (0.5aˆz ) 165. (d)
166. (a, b, d)
118. (31.83aˆ z ) 167. (a, b, d)
119. (79.57aˆ x − 106.1aˆ y ) 168.
169.
(2π)
(16π)
120. (0) 170. (120π)
171. (60π)
121. (33.15aˆz )
 25

 −1  202. (d)
172.   203. (a)
 3 
204. (c)
1 205. (14/9, 18/7)
173.  
3 206. (d)
2 207. (c)
174.   208. (b)
3 209. (a)
4 210. (a)
175.  
3 211. (d)
176. ( −8 cos(6 10 t + 2 y )aˆ )
8
x
212.
213.
(1.474)
(0.1)
177. (16 cos(6 10 t − 2 y )aˆ )
8
x
214.
215.
(1, 159.15, 34.04)
(b)
 −1 
( )
216. (b)
 cos 6  10 t − 2 y aˆ z 
8
178. 217. (c)
 5 
218. (c)
 −1 
 cos (6  10 t + 2 y )aˆ z 
8 219. (b)
179.
 15  220. (a, c)
 −4  221. (b)
180.
 15
(
 cos 6  10 t − 16 y aˆ z 
8


) 222. (a)
223. (c)
181. (2.4 aˆ y ) 224. (c)
225. (c)
 −4 ˆ 
182.  ay  226. (a)
 15  227. (600)
 32 ˆ  228. (300)
 ay 
(2 3 )
183.
 15  229.
184. (8π)
230. (6)
185. (2π)
231. (120π)
(40 3 )
186. (30π)
187. (120π) 232.

( −0.5)
188. (0.6)
233.
189. ( −0.6)
190. (1.6)
234. (0.5)
191. (0.4) 235. (0.5)
192. (14.4 cos(6 10 t + 8 z )aˆ + 14.4 sin(6 10 t + 8 z )aˆ )
8
x
8
y 236. (0.87)
193. (38.4 cos(6 10 t − 2 z )aˆ + 38.4 sin(6 10 t − 2 z )aˆ )
8
x
8
y 237. (5cos(6 3 10 t − 3x + 3z )aˆ )
8
y

( −0.8sin(6 10 t − 8 z )aˆ + 0.8cos(6 10 t − 8 z )aˆ )

(10cos(6 3 10 t − 3x − 3 3z )aˆ )
194. 8
x
8
y 8
238. y
195. (0.48sin(6 10 t + 8 z )aˆ − 0.48cos(6 10 t + 8 z )aˆ )
8
x
8
y

196. ( −0.32sin(6 10 t − 2 z )aˆ + 0.32cos(6 10 t − 2 z )aˆ )

8
x
8
y
239.
 1

 24
( )( )
cos 6 3  108 t − 3x − 3 z 3 aˆ z − aˆ x 


197. (19.2 aˆ z )
198. ( −6.912 aˆz )
240.
 1

 48
( )(
cos 6 3  108 t − 3x + 3 z − 3 aˆ z + aˆ x )


199. (12.288aˆz )  1
( )(
cos 6 3  108 t − 3x − 3 3 z aˆ z − 3 aˆ x 

)
241. 
200. (c)  16 3 
201. (b) 242. (c)
 26

243. (b) 250. (c)

244. (d) 251. (32.580)
245. (b) 252. (14.130)
246. (b) 253. (d)
247. (*) 254. (4.33)
248. (c) 255. (c)
249. (b) 256. (0.375)

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