UNIT 40

Recycling
A Choose the correct word or 1 The speaker failed to get his message to his audience.
phrase to complete each
a) around b) in c) across d) out
sentence. Write the letter
in the space. 2 The reporter announced solemnly that the President had
in his sleep.
a) passed away b) died away c) passed out d) dropped off
3 He’s been to the USA, Australia and India this year. He certainly
gets !
a) on b) around c) out d) away
4 Look, I’m sorry to in, but I think I can help you.
a) move b) plug c) butt d) pop
5 The elaborate bridal costumes of the coastal Indians are
from mother to daughter.
a) taken after b) put by c) parted with d) handed down
6 Politicians frequently__________a lot of criticism.
a) come out in b) catch up with c) come in for d) get up to
7 I was disappointed when I saw the film. It was a real .
a) let-down b) breakdown c) turnout d) dropout
8 You’ll lose marks if you don’t in all the gaps.
a) send b) fill c) fit d) join
9 He gambled_____his life’s savings before starting on his wife’s.
a) across b) around c) out d) away
10 Did you notice Bob trying t o doing the washing-up?
a) get up to b) break out of c) get outofd) get along with
11 To beat the holiday traffic, we’ll have t o ______________ out at dawn.
a) set b) go c) move d) drive
12 I could probably out the answer if I had a pencil, some
paper and a calculator.
a) think b) study c) hand d) work
13 Delilah wasn’t at all hungry, and could only__________with the food
on her plate.
a) finger b) toy c) snack d) side
14 I know it’s a pretty boring routine, but you’ll just have t o
on for the moment, I’m afraid.
a) count b) live c) soldier d) move
15 As the years passed, Joe’s memories of his terrible experience
away, and he began to lead a normal life again.
a) faded b) backed c) passed d) got
16 This is a big decision to make. Think i t before you give me
your final word tomorrow.
a) over b) upon c) carefully d) on

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 UNIT 35
Recycling
A Choose the correct word 1 Don’t ! I haven’t finished explaining yet!
or phrase to complete a) hang up b) hold on c) hang on d) call up
each sentence. Write the 2 The motorist must have run_______ the fox without noticing.
letter in the space.
a) out b) on c) over d) up
3 It out that the mayor had bribed several councillors to vote
for him.
a) resulted b) pointed c) broke d) tinned
4 I expect the new trend will soon here.
a) catch up b) catch on c) take up d) identify with
5 It’s difficult to tell identical twins .
a) on b) out c) apart d) over
6 Paloma will have t o her antiques, because she needs the
money.
a) part with b) take out c) move on d) clear up
7 I’ll use my credit card t o up before we check out.
a) take b) sum c) bottle d) settle
8 Scientists a carefully controlled experiment on the mystery
virus.
a) carried over b) measured out c) carried out d) put up
9 As darkness fell, there was nothing for it but t o for the
nearest village.
a) call b) go c) make d) stand
10 There is no time to do anything b u t_________briefly on the most
important points.
a) touch b) run c) go d) pick
11 Owning an animal can really tie you________.
a) out b) down c) back d) off
12 The terrorist headquarters was blown in the army attack.
a) down b) up c) out d) over
13 Don’t worry if you make a mistake. Just it out.
a) rule b) slip c) leave d) cross
14 It’s no good trying to with Eddie. You’ll never change his
mind.
a) deal b) discuss c) reason d) side
15 Thank goodness you’ll be there. I’m on your support.
a) holding b) calling c) hanging d) counting
16 The lecture hall gradually emptied as Professor Jackson
on.
a) kept b) passed c) rambled d) touched

102
 U n i t 10

C Complete the passage by A central feature of 1) 12th and 13th centuries in Europe was
putting one word in each the concern of the great aristocratic families to ensure that their landed
space.
estates 2) _ _ _ _ _ handed down intact to future generations. In
3) to prevent their inheritance from 4 )_________ divided, it
5) traditional to insist that their younger sons 6 ) _________
remain unmarried. It was usual for the eldest son 7 )________ have his
bride chosen for him, probably from another related noble family, and if
the wife 8 ) ________ not 9 ) _________ in producing the male heir needed
to carry on the line, she 10)___________ be discarded, and another bride
would be chosen, 11)________ potentially anarchic situation
subsequently arose, 12) _ _ _ _ _ loveless marriages on 13)
side, and rebellious bachelor knights on the other. 14)________ social
problem was brilliantly 15)_________ by the invention of courtly love, in
which an unmarried knight 16) ________ swear eternal love, respect and
obedience to a married lady. The energies of younger sons 17)
thus cleverly channelled into adventurous exploits and chivalrous deeds,
all 18)________ the sake of their noble lady. 19)_________ in all, courtly
love went a long way 20) palliating the internal contradictions
of mediaeval aristocratic society.

D In most lines of this text there is one unnecessary word.

It is either grammatically wrong or does not make sense
in the text. Write the unnecessary words next to the
numbers on the right. Tick any lines that are correct.

Sergeant Bob Mann was one among the survivors of an ill-fated army 1
expedition to the wilds of Borneo. He has still a fascinating tale to tell of 2
alternative medical treatment in a remote jungle village. Despite of his 3
precautions, he seriously injured his right hand while cutting a path through 4
the jungle, and the wound became so badly infected that he was feared the 5
onset of the gangrene. Several days later, when he and his companions 6
reached to a hamlet, he was treated by a local witch doctor, who plunged 7
his hand into a jar of snake flesh and herbs. ‘It was very amazing,’ said 8
Sergeant Mann. ‘My own wound looked completely clean when I took 9
my hand out. The people in here know so much about natural remedies. 10
Without them, I might have had to have my hand quite amputated.’ 11
Bob Mann’s hand has recently been operated on in a Hong Kong 12
hospital, where the authorities have confirmed that the wound is being 13
recovering well, and that the witch doctor’s treatment was so beneficial. 14
But snake flesh, venom and saliva are traditionally considered to have 15
healing properties for all kinds of wounds and infections. 16

37
 U n i t 15

D Complete the passage by A substance produced 1 ) disease-transmitting insects

putting one word in each 2) provide the key to fighting these same diseases.
space. The main focus of
this task is on grammar Mosquitoes and blackflies transmit malaria and river blindness
rather than vocabulary. respectively, both of 3 ) cause a large number of deaths every
year. However, scientists 4 ) now discovered, in some of these
insects, a substance called a peptide 5 )________ kills the viruses and
parasites 6 )________ carry. 7) _______ introduced techniques have
allowed researchers 8 )______ study these minute insects in
9) to find out more about the peptides.

Professor John Wells said yesterday that if his team 1 0) ____

identify the genes responsible for 11)________ the peptides, they
12) ________ introduce into the world genetically altered mosquitoes
13) ________ were incapable of 14)_________ the disease. In the
15)________ of these exciting developments, it 16) _ _ _ _ _ hoped that
science 17) ________ be able to eradicate some major tropical diseases
sooner rather than later.

E Choose from the list A-J THE JARGON JUNGLE

the best phrase to fill each
According to a recent survey, one in five office workers in Britain no
gap. Use each correct
phrase only once. There are longer understands 1)________ . At meetings many people are left
more answers than you floundering, confused by management argon and specialised ‘babble’ —
need. the kind of language 2 )_________ these days. Secretarial recruitment
firm Office Angels administered the survey to over 1000 office staff and
found 3 )________ derived from corporate gurus, American slang and
the internet. Some employees complained that the phrases were
irritating and distracting at meetings, while others dismissed speakers
4 ) ________ as pretentious and untrustworthy. Provided that puzzled
listeners can find the courage to seek clarification, they may discover
what the speaker really means. But most do not ask, 5 )________ .

A spokesperson for Office Angels said the survey showed 6) in

the workplace. She added that jargon can either help to bring individuals
and teams together, as companies and sectors develop their own
phraseology, 7) ________ to exclude and confuse people, as well as
masking inexperience and lack of expertise.

A for fear of revealing their F who used them frequently

ignorance G to pretend they are in control
B that 65% had to cope with H what his or her colleagues are
jargon talking about
C which is often heard at work I who liven up meetings
D that corporate buzz words J or it can be used
were rife
E which speaker really means it

53
U n i t 16

D Complete the second 1 It isn’t worth considering his suggestion for a moment,
sentence so that it means giving
the same as the first one, Not for one moment_________________________ consideration.
using the word given. You
must use between three 2 He was so disgusted at the way she behaved that he refused to speak
and eight words, to her.
including the word given. her
Be careful, because Such _____________________________ he refused to speak to her.
inversion may not be 3 Adele tries hard, but she doesn’t get anywhere,
required in every sentence.
hard
However______________________________ nowhere.
4 The volunteers’ efforts to avert the catastrophe were unsuccessful,
attempt
In vain______________________________ avert the catastrophe.
5 I was never shown how to operate the machine,
ever
At no time______________________________ the machine work.
6 The firm had never celebrated anything so lavishly before,
such
Never______________________________ laid on by the firm.
7 It wasn’t until last week that the minister admitted he was wrong,
error
Only last week_______________________________ of judgement.
8 Tick the box if you wish to take advantage of the offer,
accept
Should______________________________ tick in the box.
9 We may have to reject applications in a few cases,
be
In a few cases, applications______________________________ down.
10 Invitations were sent out as soon as the date was chosen,
been
Hardly______________________________ invitations were sent out.
11 In order to stay open, the charity shop needs at least four helpers,
enable
No fewer_______________________________ the charity shop to stay
open.
12 If his father hadn’t advised him against it, he might have become a
record producer.
for
Had it not_______________________________ a record producer now.
13 The employees insisted on being given a full bonus,
satisfy
Nothing bu t______________________________ the employees.
14 This computer data is strictly confidential,
revealed
Under no circumstances______________________________ to anyone.

56
 UNIT 23
Transformation

Transformation exercises require you to rewrite sentences using a key word and
keeping approximately the same meaning. There are two areas to focus on:
a grammatical
You need to be familiar with all the main structures, such as passives, conditionals,
wishes, regrets, reported speech, inversion of the verb, gerund and infinitive. (See
relevant units for practice of these points.)
b lexical
You need to have a good knowledge of advanced vocabulary, including idioms and
phrasal verbs.
Transformation items may be grammatical, lexical or 'lexico-grammatical' (a
combination of both). See Units 8, 9,11,15,16 and 25 for CPE-format
transformation exercises.

A Match the phrase or clause 1 get a word in edgeways A be extremely busy

on the left with its 2 bark up the wrong tree B find a solution to
approximate paraphrase on 3 be made redundant C bears no resemblance to
the right.
4 give their verdict D make them angry
5 have their hands full E manage to interrupt
resolve the problem of F evade the issue
incur their wrath G take the full force of
there’s no similarity between H say what they have decided
bear the brunt of I be mistaken
10 beg the question J lose your job

B For each sentence, write a 1 The prisoner answered the question honestly,
new sentence which is as honest
similar as possible in
2 It is said that he was bom in Segovia,
meaning. Use the word
given, but do not alter it in reputed
any way. 3 We had nearly finished when Isabel arrived,
about
4 They’ve been behaving very strangely recently,
recent
5 His medical treatment appears to have had a serious effect on his
mental state.
affected

75
U n i t 23

6 The star was surrounded by screaming fans as soon as he arrived at

the stage door.
arrival
7 The staff have always esteemed the headmaster very highly,
esteem
8 The electrician advised me to have the wiring checked,
advice
9 The guided tour takes place every hour,
intervals
10 She herself admits to being rather selfish,
admission

C Follow the instructions for 1 except for A as an alternative to

Exercise A, 2 I infer from what you say B it doesn’t concern me
3 there’s no difference of opinion C consider all the facts
between them
4 instead of D say they are against
5 voice their disapproval of E have no chance of winning
6 it’s none of my business F apart from
7 take everything into account G prepare themselves for
8 be no match for an opponent H be worried or doubtful about
9 have misgivings about I they agree
10 brace themselves for J I understand from what
you imply

D Follow the instructions for 1 She is certainly not a good cook,

Exercise B. means
2 I had no idea it was a breach of protocol,
unaware
3 The store should definitely give you your money back,
refund
4 The tourists were most impressed with the castle,
impact
5 Building societies will have to guard against their rivals,
laurels
6 They’re faced with the choice of two alternatives,
horns
7 Taxpayers had to pay the cost of the privatisation plan,
foot
8 I did all I could to expedite the matter,
utmost
9 Juliet simply couldn’t wait for his return,
long

76
 U n i t 23

10 By the time we all sat down to dinner, the Morrises still hadn’t
arrived.
sign
111 think you’ve misunderstood the situation,
stick
12 The firm didn’t go bankrupt, because they took G erry’s advice,
thanks
13 You’d feel much healthier if you had a relaxing break,
do
14 When the assembly line was introduced, five hundred workers were
dismissed.
advent
15 His colleagues were shocked to hear of Ahmed’s illness,
came
16 Alan complains all the time,
nothing
17 She’ll probably win first prize,
stands
18 The policeman pointed out the speed limit sign to us.
drew

E Fill in the boxes to 1 You can only get this product here. It’s
complete the missing ________ to this store. E
words. 2 She became a ______________name, after
hosting her own TV chat show. H
3 What the crowd_________ in numbers, it
made up for in enthusiasm. L
4 I really didn’t know what to do. I was in a
Q
5 It’s stalemate. Both sides refuse to
negotiate. How can we break the
D
6 I hate throwing food away. It goes against
the________ to waste anything. G
7 There’s no need t o ________ tears over his
problems. He can cope.
8 No review can do _ to Steven
Spielberg’s amazing new film.
9 Be more________ with electricity. Switch
the lights off when you go out. E
10 Reggie has a _________ to get irritable
when he’s tired. He’s often cross with the
children then. T

77
 UNIT 26
Phrasal verbs with down

blow break bring calm chop close come crack

cut fall flag get go hand jot let he mark
narrow note pelt play pour pull put run sit
slam slow squat tear tie tone track tumble
turn wind
Down often has the meaning of a downward movement, or a decrease, or of
stopping an activity.

Rewrite the sentences, 1 We all stood up when the managing director walked in.
using a phrasal verb with 2 The building society has set up a branch in Warmsley.
down, to produce the
3 Inflation has been rising steadily since January.
opposite meaning of the
words in italics. Choose 4 When Caroline heard the terrible news, she remained calm.
from the verbs in the box 5 Rain was gently falling.
above. 6 The teacher quietly put the book on the table.
7 The company will probably want to publicise the results.
8 The old lady was adamant that her cat should be kept alive.
9 After three days of continuous bombardment, the White Tower
remained standing.
10 Having Bruce to stay has really cheered me up.
11 He got very excited after his meeting with the trade union officials.
12 The secretary carefully put the notice up on the board.

B Use verbs from the box 1 You’ll have to down when you come to the crossroads.
above to complete the
2 The town council decided to down the building, as it
sentences.
was unsafe.
3 The small boy down on the ground and
examined the insect.
4 The force of the gale down hundreds of trees.
5 I know you’re angry, but you should down the
language you’re using. It’s too aggressive.
6 From the time of his arrival in prison, Jones was
down as a troublemaker.
7 It’s a difficult choice, but at least we’ve
it down to five out of the hundred applicants.
8 The escaped convict was finally down to a
hiding place in the Far East.

84
 U n i t 26

9 The aim of the popular uprising was to down the

government.
10 As fewer orders came in, the firm began to down its sales
force.
11 If there is any more subsidence, that cottage will
down into the sea.
12 The reporter down the details of the court case for
inclusion in his article.

C Complete each sentence B

with a phrase from box A flagged down they offered me.
followed by a phrase from
box B. Do not use any I turned down the job on fraud everywhere,
phrase more than once. I felt badly let down at the moment,
wind down a taxi.
and jotted down chopping down the tree,
rather tied down the professor’s points,
running down properly.
have been handed down his wife’s achievements,
will prevent them from by him.
cracking down through the centuries.

1 Family traditions

2 Jeremy is forever

3 The man in a business suit

4 With two small children, she’s

5 The preservation order

6 I listened to the lecture

7 The authorities are

8 After the interview

9 When Steve wouldn’t help,

10 The holiday gave us a chance to

85