NSTP PRE MID KEY LESSON POINTS - Organization, Training and Utilization of

GCR Lesson 1 - 3 reservist ( citizen soldiers )

LESSON 1 : HISTORY OF NSTP NSTP Act of 2001
What is NSTP? - For tertiary level students, amending for the
● Promote an individualized education purposes of RA 7077 and PD 1708 and for
transformational leadership spirit of the other purposes
patriotism and nationalism, social - Male and female college students of any
mobilization. bachelor's degree or technical vocational
● Civic welfare and defense preparedness course in public and private educational
program for filipino tertiary education institutions. (2 semester)
students
● Instituted by the philippines on 23 january Reserve Officers Training Corps
2002 virtue republic act 9163 known as - Civic education and defense preparedness
NSTP Act of 2001 program for filipino college students
- Aims to provide military education and
Components of NSTP: training to mobilize them for national
ROTC : Military training defense preparedness
CWTS : General welfare, quality of life (health
education. Safety prevention ) Civic Welfare Training Service
LTS : Literacy and numeracy skill - Provide students with activities contribute to
the general welfare and betterment of life of
History the members of the community especially
1935 : Manuel L. Quezon those developed to improved social welfare
- National defense act/ commonwealth act no. service
1
- 4 semester of military training to prepare for Literacy Training Service
national defense - Trained student in teaching literacy and
1980 : Ferdinand Marcos numeracy skills to school children out of
- National service law school youths
- Choose between 3 components
- Civil welfare Constitutional Provisions on the Role of the
- Law enforcement Youth in Nation Building
- Military service Constitution
1986 : Corazon aquino - The constitution is the basic and paramount
- Basic ROTC residential memorandum order law to which other laws must conform and
no. 1 to which all persons including the highest
- Suspension of law enforcement and civil officials of the land must defer (Cruz, 2000).
welfare
1995: Fidel Ramos ARTICLE II
- Extend rotc program - Declaration of Principles and State Policies
- 1st curriculum year military services (1987 Philippine Constitution)
- 2nd curriculum year ( Optional )
2001: Gloria Macapagal Arroyo SECTION 4
- Suspend the ROTC due to protest about - The prime duty of the government is to
irregularities in ROTC particularly the death serve and protect the people. The
of mark helson chua. government may call upon the people to
2002: Gloria Macapagal Arroyo ‘ defend the State and in the fulfillment
- NSTP was signed into law by the pres. therefore, all citizens may be required under
Arroyo conditions provided by law, to render
personal military or civil service.
Evolution of NSTP Law
Earliest traces of NSTP Guiding Principles
Spanish colonial years - It is the prime duty of the government to
- Commonwealth : National defense Act serve and protect its citizens, in turn it shall
- Presidential decree law : National service be the responsibility of all citizens to defend
law the security and promote the general welfare
Republic act 7077 of the State, and in fulfillment thereof, the
- Citizen arm forces of the PH reservist act government may require each citizen to
render personal military or civil service.
Role of the Youth ( section 2 ) Section 6: Duration and Equivalent Course Unit
a. In recognition of the vital role of the youth
in nation building, the State shall promote ● Two semesters, 54-90 hours per semester.
civic consciousness among them and shall
Section 7: NSTP Offering in Higher Education
develop their physical, moral, spiritual,
Institutions
intellectual and social wellbeing. It shall
inculcate the ideals of patriotism, ● HEIs must offer at least one NSTP
nationalism, and advance their involvement component.
in public and civic affairs. ● Schools not meeting required student
b. As the most valuable resource of the nation, numbers must allow cross-enrollment to
they shall be motivated, trained, organized other institutions.
and involved in military, literacy, civic
welfare programs and other similar Section 8: Fees and Incentives
endeavors in the service of the nation.
● Basic tuition fees for NSTP components
NSTP LAW should not exceed 50% of the school’s
The National Service Training Program (NSTP) current per-unit fee. Health and accident
was signed into law as Republic Act No. 9163 on insurance must be provided for students
January 23, 2002 by President Gloria enrolled in any NSTP component.
Macapagal-Arroyo. It was implemented starting
Section 9: Graduation Requirement
the school year 2002-2003. The NSTP aims to
enhance civic consciousness and defense ● Completion of one NSTP component
preparedness in the youth by developing their required for graduation.
ethics of service and patriotism through training in
three components: ROTC (Reserve Officers' Section 10: Management and Monitoring
Training Corps) , LTS (Literacy Training Service),
and CWTS (Civic Welfare Training Service). The ● CHED, TESDA, and DND oversee
program is overseen by CHED, TESDA, and the implementation.
DND.
Section 11: Creation of the NSTP Program
Section 1: Short Title Implementing Rules

● "National Service Training Program (NSTP) ● Implementing rules developed by CHED,

Act of 2001." TESDA, DND.
● Graduates of ROTC become part of the
Section 2: Declaration of Policy citizen armed forces under RA No. 7077.

● Promote civic consciousness among the Section 12: Implementing Agency

youth.
● Implementing bodies: CHED, TESDA,
Section 3: Definition of Terms DND.

● NSTP: Training to enhance civic Section 13: Transitory Provisions

consciousness and defense preparedness.
● ROTC (Reserve Officers' Training Corps): ● Transition guidelines for ROTC and NSTP
Military training for national defense. implementation.
● LTS (Literacy Training Service): Training
Section 14: Separability Clause
for teaching literacy and numeracy to the
underprivileged. ● Invalid provisions won’t affect the validity
● CWTS (Civic Welfare Training Service): of others.
Programs focused on health, education,
safety, and the environment. Section 15: Repealing Clause

Section 4: Establishment of the NSTP ● Inconsistent laws and regulations repealed.

● HEIs and TVETs must offer NSTP Section 16: Effectivity

components.
● Law takes effect 15 days after publication.
Section 5: Coverage

● Applies to all incoming freshmen.

Section 17: Miscellaneous Provisions 1. Right to vote: Participate in elections.
2. Right to hold public office: Be elected or
● Additional provisions regarding the appointed to government positions.
implementation of the NSTP 3. Right to assemble: Gather and discuss
● NSTP implementation began in the school political issues affecting public welfare.
year 2002-2003. 4. Right to petition: Request redress or action
from the government.
THE 1987 CONSTITUTION OF THE
5. Protection from unreasonable arrest and
REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES
seizure: Safeguard against arbitrary actions
Preamble of the 1987 Philippine Constitution by authorities.
6. Right to a fair and speedy trial: Ensures
- Sovereign Filipino people: Acknowledging justice in legal proceedings.
the aid of Almighty God. 7. Right to own private property:
- Goal: To build a just and humane society. Entitlement to acquire and control property.
- Establish a government: Embodying 8. Right to travel: Freedom to move within
ideals, promoting the common good, the country and abroad.
conserving patrimony, and securing 9. Freedom of speech: Express opinions
independence and democracy. without censorship.
- Values upheld: Truth, justice, freedom, 10. No imprisonment for debt or poll tax:
love, equality, and peace. Protection from jail due to failure to pay
debts or taxes.
A. Human Rights
Essence of Political Rights: A well-organized
God-given rights, recognized by the United society values order and harmony, avoiding chaos
Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights and conflict by adhering to a system of government
(December 10, 1948). that reflects shared values and upholds peace.
Individual rights are reasonably controlled by laws
1. Equality: All persons are born free and
to ensure justice for all.
equal in dignity and rights.
2. Right to Life and Liberty: Every person C. Constitutional Rights
has the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit
of happiness. Rights granted and guaranteed by the Constitution
3. No Slavery: No one shall be held in to Filipino citizens.
bondage or slavery.
4. No Torture: Protection from torture or cruel 1. Due process: No person shall be deprived
punishment. of life, liberty, or property without due
5. Equality before the Law: All persons are process of law.
equal before the law, regardless of color, 2. Equal protection: Every person is entitled
race, creed, or social status. to equal protection of the law.
6. Freedom of Residence: Right to choose 3. Right to property: Citizens have the right
one's residence. to own private property.
7. Right to Education: Every person has the 4. Protection from unreasonable search and
right to an education. arrest: Individuals are secure against
8. Right to Employment: Every person has unreasonable searches, seizures, and arrests.
the right to a job. 5. Privacy of correspondence: Inviolability of
9. Right to Marriage and Family: The right private correspondence and documents.
to marry and rear a family. 6. Exclusion of illegally obtained evidence:
10. Freedom of Religion: Right to choose one's Evidence obtained in violation of privacy
own religion. rights is inadmissible.
7. Freedom of residence and travel: Right to
Protection of human rights: Based on the choose where to live and to travel freely.
recognition of the inherent dignity and equality of 8. Access to government records: Right to
all, which is the foundation of freedom, justice, and access public documents and records.
peace. 9. Freedom of association: Right to form
associations or societies as long as they are
B. Political Rights lawful.
10. Freedom of religion: Individuals can
Granted by man-made laws and fully enjoyed by
practice their religion freely.
citizens. These rights are essential for participating
in the governance and political affairs of a country.
11. Freedom of speech: Citizens have the right ● Work: Appreciate the value of hard
to express their opinions without work.
interference.
12. Freedom of assembly: Right to peacefully 2. Pagkamakatao (Humanitarianism) : The
assemble and protest. concern of a person with the interests,
13. Right to petition: Citizens can petition the needs, and welfare of others.
government for redress of grievances.
● Love: Deep devotion to fellow
14. No titles of nobility: No law granting titles
citizens and country.
of nobility can be enacted.
● Freedom: Appreciate the value of
15. No impairment of contracts: The
freedom in one’s life.
government cannot pass laws that impair
● Truth: Emphasize the importance of
existing contracts.
truth in daily living.
16. No ex post facto laws or bills of attainder:
● Justice: Treat others fairly and do
Laws that criminalize actions retroactively
not exploit them.
or target individuals cannot be enacted.
● Peace: Promote harmony and avoid
17. No imprisonment for debt: No person shall
violence.
be jailed for failure to pay debts or taxes.
18. Freedom from slavery: No person shall be 3. Pagkamakabayan (Patriotism) : Respect
subjected to slavery or involuntary for Law and Government.
servitude.
19. Writ of habeas corpus: The privilege of the ● Unity: Understand the role of
writ of habeas corpus cannot be suspended working together for national
except in cases of invasion or rebellion. progress.
20. Right to a speedy trial: Accused ● Equality: Recognize and implement
individuals have the right to a prompt and equality in society.
fair trial. ● Respect for Law and Government:
21. Due process in criminal charges: No Appreciate the role of law and
person shall be held for a crime without due governance.
process. ● Patriotism: Show love and devotion
22. Protection from excessive bail: Bail must to the country.
not be excessive. ● Common Good: Prioritize the
23. Presumption of innocence: Accused welfare of others over personal gain.
individuals are presumed innocent until
proven guilty. 4. Pagka Makakalikasan (Environmentalism):
24. Self-incrimination: No person shall be Concern for the Environment: Keep surroundings
forced to testify against themselves. clean, conserve resources, and help combat
25. No excessive fines or cruel punishment: environmental degradation.
Fines must be reasonable, and no cruel or
Nationalism : A deep sense of love and attachment
unusual punishment is allowed.
to one's country.
26. Protection from double jeopardy: No
person shall be tried twice for the same ● Teaching Nationalism:
offense. 1. Classroom Decorations: Include
27. Free access to courts for the indigent: The images of great Filipinos and
poor have free access to courts for justice. historical scenes.
2. Filipiniana Library Section:
GOOD CITIZENSHIP VALUES
Establish a section in the library
1. Pagkamaka-Diyos (Godliness) : Be focused on Filipino culture.
God-fearing and live according to His will. 3. Visits: Explore beautiful spots in the
● Faith in God: Trust in God’s will Philippines.
and live according to it. 4. Filipino Music: Incorporate Filipino
● Concern for Family and Future hymns and folk songs.
Generations: Recognize the value of 5. Celebrate Special Days: Observe
family and think about future National Heroes Day, Flag Day,
generations. Independence Day, etc.
● Respect for Life: Human life is
sacred; do no harm to others.
● Order: Apply orderliness to promote
peace and unity.
Patriotism: Love and devotion to one’s country. Rights with Obligation

Filipino Civic Code Citizens should recognize that for every

right, there is a corresponding duty; while they are
● Faith in Divine Providence: Belief in God's entitled to rights that cannot be taken away, they
guidance for people and nations. must also fulfill their obligations to reduce
● Patriotism: Love of country. misunderstandings and conflicts in society. The
● Love for Fellow Men: Treat fellow demand for rights without a commitment to duties
Filipinos as brothers and sisters. can lead to turmoil, as the enjoyment of
● Respect for Parents and Elders: Serve and fundamental rights, such as life, liberty, and
honor parents and elders. property, is only fully realized when all citizens
comply with their responsibilities. Ultimately, the
LESSON 2: WHAT IS CITIZENSHIP ?
enjoyment of rights becomes more meaningful as
Citizenship: Membership in a political society, citizens willingly carry out their obligations (De
which involves a mutual obligation—allegiance to Leon, 2011).
the State by the citizen and protection by the State
(De Leon, 2011). The Need for Participation for Good
Citizenship
Citizens of the Philippines (as per Article IV of the
1987 Constitution): Participation involves being actively engaged in
causes you believe in, particularly in the governance
● Citizens at the time of the adoption of the of your barangay, city, municipality, or province,
1987 Constitution. which is vital for good citizenship. By participating
● Individuals with Filipino fathers or mothers. in governance, citizens cooperate towards common
● Those born before January 17, 1973, to goals that benefit the entire community.
Filipino mothers, who elect Philippine
citizenship upon reaching the age of There are two types of participation:
majority.
1. Direct Participation: Engaging actively in
● Individuals who are naturalized in
local assemblies or assisting in planning
accordance with Philippine law.
programs and projects. This approach fosters
Three Kinds of Citizenship: hands-on involvement in community issues.
2. Indirect Participation: Electing
1. Political Citizenship: Respecting the law representatives who will voice your needs
and government. and preferences, such as voting in barangay
○ Examples: Voting, paying taxes, elections.
obeying traffic rules.
2. Environmental Citizenship: Caring for the Good Governance: A Key to Philippine
environment. Economic Development
○ Examples: Conserving water, using
Governance refers to the actions and processes
fuel wisely, planting trees, proper
through which governments make decisions and
waste disposal.
implement them, ultimately impacting the standards
3. Socio-economic Citizenship: Supporting
of living for all citizens.
the community and economy.
○ Examples: Buying local products, Characteristics of Good Governance:
participating in livelihood programs,
volunteering in community services. 1. Participation: Citizens are involved in
decision-making, ensuring their needs and
Good Citizenship (Huwarang Mamamayan): interests are considered in planning,
Living by values such as cooperation, patriotism, implementation, and monitoring.
hard work, respect for others, respect for the law, 2. Rule of Law: Laws are fair, protecting
truth, freedom, love, equality, and peace. human rights, especially for marginalized
groups. Courts are impartial, and law
● Traits of Good Citizens:
enforcement is honest and corruption-free.
○ Law-abiding: Follow laws and
3. Transparency: Government actions are
government rules.
open and understandable, with no hidden
○ Helpful: Contribute to the
agendas.
community.
4. Accountability: The government takes
○ Personal Traits: Patience, honesty,
responsibility for its actions and
and understanding towards others.
communicates decisions to the public.
 5. Consensus-Oriented: The government 16. Rigidity and difficulty adapting
collaborates with diverse community groups 17. Simplistic, black-and-white thinking
to reach general agreements.
6. Equity and Inclusiveness: All individuals Factors Contributing to Drug Addiction
feel included and have opportunities to
1. Risk-Taking Behavior: Impulsivity,
improve their quality of life.
including traits like sensation-seeking and
7. Efficiency: Services are delivered timely
aggressiveness, increases vulnerability to
and effectively, utilizing minimal resources
addiction, especially among children of
for maximum impact.
alcoholics. Individuals often engage in drug
8. Responsiveness: The government addresses
use as a means of escaping emotional
the needs of citizens promptly and
distress.
effectively.
2. Pessimism: A negative outlook on life can
LESSON 3 : DRUGS lead to defensiveness and distrust, hindering
recovery. Pessimistic individuals may
Drug use and alcoholism often stem from struggle to connect with others and may
passive procrastination and conflict avoidance, view the world as hostile.
where individuals seek immediate relief through 3. Poor Future Orientation: Those with a
substances instead of addressing underlying issues. bleak outlook on their future are more likely
This passive behavior involves altering to abuse substances. Academic failure and
consciousness without confronting emotions like family dysfunction can exacerbate this issue,
boredom, sadness, and stress. While some methods leading to a cycle of addiction.
provide instant gratification, such as freebasing 4. Conditioning and Substance Abuse: The
cocaine or injecting heroin, healthier mood changes powerful memory of the initial experience
require active engagement and effort. The causes of with drugs or alcohol reinforces continued
addiction are complex and multifaceted, similar to use. Individuals may attempt to replicate
other diseases, and historical views have mistakenly that first high, leading to a cycle of
labeled alcoholics as inherently weak, overlooking addiction.
the intricate nature of addiction. 5. Family Model: Having an alcoholic or
drug-addicted parent significantly increases
WHO HAS ADDICTIVE PERSONALITY? the risk of developing similar problems.
Dysfunctional family dynamics, poor
The "addictive personality" concept is
communication, and trauma contribute to
oversimplified; instead of a specific personality
this risk.
type, various traits can increase vulnerability to
6. Sociocultural Factors: Communities that
alcoholism and drug addiction. Modern medicine
normalize substance use and provide few
recognizes psychological vulnerabilities rather than
alternatives for stress relief are more
a singular addictive personality.
susceptible to addiction. Alienation from
Personality Traits of Alcoholics and Addicts society can also lead to a disregard for social
norms regarding substance use.
Researchers have identified various
personality traits commonly associated with Caffeine Addiction
alcoholics and addicts (FIELDS, 2004):
● Caffeine is a widely consumed stimulant and
1. High emotionality psychoactive drug that can be highly
2. Anxiety and overreactivity addictive when overused.
3. Immaturity in relationships ● Common sources include coffee, tea, soda,
4. Low frustration tolerance energy drinks, and dark chocolate.
5. Difficulty expressing anger ● While it temporarily enhances alertness,
6. Anger towards dependence and authority excessive consumption can lead to
7. Low self-esteem coupled with grandiosity dependence.
8. Perfectionism
Alcohol
9. Compulsiveness
10. Feelings of isolation ● Alcohol acts as a depressant on the central
11. Sex role confusion nervous system and is absorbed quickly into
12. Depression the body, affecting brain function and body
13. Dependence in relationships fluids.
14. Hostility ● A blood alcohol level of 0.05% or higher
15. Sexual immaturity can impair driving.
Adverse Effects of Alcohol 5. Amphetamines: CNS stimulants once
commonly prescribed for obesity,
1. Accidents: Binge drinking is a significant depression, and narcolepsy.
factor in accidental injuries among young 6. Cocaine: Derived from coca leaves, it has a
adults. long history of use for its stimulating effects.
2. Sexual Assault: Heavy drinking in schools 7. LSD: A potent hallucinogen that causes
correlates with increased incidents of significant alterations in perception and
violence and sexual assault. thought.
8. Cannabis Sativa (Marijuana): The plant
Effects on the Body
from which marijuana and hashish are
● Brain: Can cause blackouts, memory loss, derived, commonly used for its psychoactive
confusion, and cerebellum damage, affecting effects.
coordination. 9. Inhalants: Substances like solvents and
● Peripheral Nerves: Alcoholics may aerosols inhaled for a quick high, with
experience pain, weakness, and vision historical peaks in use, such as glue sniffing
problems. in the 1960s.
● Gastrointestinal Tract: Risks include
Empowerment is a crucial concept in drug
gastritis, peptic ulcers, fatty liver, hepatitis,
prevention programs, aiming to equip individuals
and pancreatitis.
with the skills to avoid substance dependence.
● Heart: Alcohol weakens heart muscle,
These programs target the general school
dilates blood vessels, and can complicate
population, focusing on:
heart disease.
● Lungs: Increased risk of emphysema, 1. Saying No: Building the ability to decline
especially among smokers. drugs or alcohol.
2. Sense of Self: Developing a strong personal
Tobacco: The Most Deadly Drug
identity.
● Smoking causes over 400,000 deaths 3. Emotional Awareness: Understanding and
annually, primarily from lung cancer and expressing feelings to set goals and make
cardiovascular diseases. It surpasses deaths decisions.
from AIDS, accidents, fires, illegal drugs, 4. Setting Boundaries: Establishing limits in
and suicide combined, making it the most relationships.
preventable cause of death. 5. Integrity in Relationships: Fostering
● Perceptions Among Youth: healthy, constructive interactions.
○ Fourth Graders: Generally hold
The Law on Prohibited Drugs
strong anti-smoking beliefs and view
smoking negatively. The Republic Act 91165 (Comprehensive
○ Adolescents: Perceive smoking as Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002) emphasizes
somewhat risky but admire its social protecting citizens, especially the youth, from the
aspects, such as camaraderie and its harmful effects of drugs. It aims to enhance law
ability to alleviate boredom. enforcement against drug-related issues, with the
Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA) as
Common Types of Drugs
the primary agency for enforcement and prevention
1. MDMA (Ecstasy): A synthetic drug
Penalties for Sale, Possession, and Use of
originally developed as an appetite
Dangerous Drugs
suppressant, popularized in the 1980s,
known for its euphoric effects. 1. Sale and Trading of Dangerous Drugs
2. Crystal Methamphetamine (Shabu): A ○ Penalty: Life imprisonment
powerful stimulant that produces rapid ○ Fine: P500,000.00 - P10,000,000.00
euphoria and high potential for addiction ○ Definition: Selling includes any act
when smoked or injected. of giving away dangerous drugs or
3. Heroin: Originally created to treat morphine controlled precursors, with or
addiction, it is more addictive and causes without compensation (RA 9165,
significant dependence. Section 5).
4. Barbiturates: Sedative-hypnotics 2. Possession of Dangerous Drugs
prescribed to reduce CNS activity, used to ○ Penalties (for unauthorized
induce sleep and relaxation. possession):
 ■ Opium,Morphine, Heroin:
Cocaine and Ecstasy: 10
grams or more - Life
imprisonment, P500,000.00 -
P10,000,000.00
■ Shabu: 50 grams or more -
Life imprisonment,
P500,000.00 -
P10,000,000.00
■ Marijuana: 500 grams or
more - Life imprisonment,
P500,000.00 -
P10,000,000.00
■ :
3. Use of Dangerous Drugs
○ First-Time Offender: 6 months
(rehabilitation), no fine
○ Second-Time Offender: 6 to 12
years (jail), P50,000.00 -
P200,000.00

TAKEAWAY!

1. Source of the right:

○ Human Rights are natural and
universal (global context).
○ Political Rights are given by the
state (look for government-related
actions like voting).
○ Constitutional Rights are written in
the constitution (specific legal
protections).
2. Check the scope:
○ Human Rights apply to all people,
regardless of citizenship.
○ Political Rights focus on how
citizens interact with and influence
their government.
○ Constitutional Rights are
country-specific and legally
protected.
3. Keywords to Watch for:
○ Human Rights: Universal, dignity,
freedom, equality.
○ Political Rights: Election, vote,
petition, public office.
○ Constitutional Rights: Due process,
protection from, no unreasonable,
guaranteed.