PAWAR PUBLIC SCHOOL, CHANDIVALI
ONLINE STUDY MATERIAL
PRACTICE WORKSHEET
SUBJECT: HISTORY AND CIVICS
Lesson 2 -The GROWTH OF NATIONALISM
GRADE: 10
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ANSWER KEY
This Answer key consists of 4 typed sheets.
1. Give any three examples to indicate that the British followed the
policy of economic exploitation in India.
Ans.i. The peasants- The government took away a large part of their
produce in the form land revenue and other taxes which led them to the
clutches of money lenders and landlords.
ii. The artisans and craftsmen- The English East India company used its
political power to destroy Indian handicrafts and industry. India became
a source of raw materials for the industries of Britain and a market for its
finished products.
iii. The Working Class- They were exploited by the factory owners who
were generally Englishmen.
iv. The Educated Indians- Employment to educated Indians was in
government service but the competition was high and the chances of
promotions were weak.
2. What role did the press play in developing national sentiments among
the Indians?
Ans. i. Through press, the message of patriotism and modern liberal
ideals of liberty, freedom, equality, home rule and independence, spread
among the people.
ii. They carried out daily criticism of the unjust policies of the British
government. ...2
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iii. Exchange of views became possible among different social groups.
iv. Indians became aware of what was happening in the world, which
helped in understanding political and social development of the social
world.
3. State the founders of the given prominent reform movements:
Ans.i. Brahmo Samaj – Raja Rammohan Roy
ii Arya Samaj – Swami Dayanand Saraswati
iii. Ramakrishna Misssion – Swami Vivekanand
iv. Satya Shodak Samaj – Jyotiba Phule
4. Write any two contributions of Jyotiba Phule in preparing the ground
for the Indian National Movement.
Ans.i. He established a school for the untouchables and an orphanage for
the widows.
ii. He wanted to liberate the depressed classes and make them aware of
their rights.
iii. He started the Satya Shodhak Samaj with the aim of securing social
justice for the weaker sections of the society.
5. With reference to the growth of National consciousness in India in the
19th century, explain the role of each of the following:
a. Socio-Religious reform movements
Ans.i. Socio-Religious reform movements were great pioneers of Indian
nationalism. The impact of western education made educated Indians
realize the need to reform their religion and society.
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ii. In the social sphere, these movements worked in the abolition of caste
system, child marriage, dowry system, sati, purdah system and
infanticide.
iii. In the religious sphere, these reform movements combated religious
superstitions, attacked idolatry, polytheism, and hereditary priesthood.
iv. These movements fought for individual liberty and social equality.
b. Repressive colonial policies
Ans.i. Some of the repressive policies, especially by Lord Lytton acted
as a catalyst for the growth of national movement in India. These
included:
Organizing the Grand Delhi Durbar, where in lakhs of rupees were spent
when India was in the grip of a famine.
Introduction of the Vernacular press Act and Indian Arms Act.
Reducing the age limit for the ICS examination from 21 to 19.
Removal of Import duties on British textiles proved harmful to Indian
industries.
c. The Press
Ans. i. The message of patriotism and modern liberal ideals of liberty,
freedom and equality, home rule and independence spread among the
people.
ii. The press carried on daily criticism of the unjust policies of the
British government and exposed the true nature of the British rule.
…4
..4..
iii. Exchange of views was possible among different social groups from
different parts of the country.
iv. Indians became aware of what was happening in other parts of the
world which helped them to understand political and social development
of other countries, and shape their own policies and programmes.
6. When was the Indian National Congress established? Who presided
over it’s first two sessions?
Ans. The Indian National Congress was established in 1885.
The first session was presided over by Dadabhai Naoroji and the second
session was presided by W.C. Bonnerjee in 1886.
7. State any two objectives of the INC.
Ans.i. To promote friendly relations between nationalist, political
workers from different parts of the country.
ii. To develop feelings of national unity irrespective of caste, religion or
province.
iii. To formulate popular demands and present them before the
government.
iv. To train and organise public opinion in the country.
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