Cognitive function:
The cognitive function of language refers to how we use language to think, understand, and
make sense of the world. It's about using words and sentences to help us organize ideas,
remember things, solve problems, and understand complex concepts.
In simple terms, the cognitive function helps us think and process information through
language.
Examples:
1. Thinking and Reasoning: When you hear the sentence "If it rains, we’ll need an
umbrella," you use language to understand the relationship between rain and needing an
umbrella. The language helps you think logically about cause and effect.
2. Problem Solving: If you're trying to figure out how to put a puzzle together, you might
think in words: "First, I need to find the edge pieces, then the corners." This is using
language to organize your thoughts and plan.
3. Understanding Abstract Ideas: When we talk about abstract concepts like "justice" or
"freedom," we use language to shape our understanding of these big ideas, even though
they are not physical objects we can see or touch.
Idiomatic Function:
The idiomatic function refers to expressions or phrases that have a meaning different from
the literal meaning of the words. These idioms are often used to convey ideas or feelings in a
more colorful, figurative way.
Example:
"It's raining cats and dogs" means it's raining heavily, not that animals are falling from
the sky.
"Break a leg" is a way of wishing someone good luck, especially before a performance.
"Spill the beans" means to reveal a secret.
These idioms don’t make literal sense, but they are widely understood by people within a
language community. The idiomatic function allows people to express ideas more creatively or
in a way that adds flavor to communication.
Interactive function:
The interactive function of language is all about using language to connect with others and maintain
social relationships. It helps people communicate, respond to each other, and keep conversations going.
This function is important for socializing and building connections in daily life.
Examples:
1. Greetings: Saying "Hi!" or "Hello!" when you meet someone is an example of the
interactive function. It’s a way to begin a conversation and acknowledge the other person.
2. Polite Responses: If someone says "How are you?" and you respond with "I’m fine,
thank you," you're using the interactive function. This helps keep the conversation going
and shows you are engaging with the person.
3. Asking Questions: "What time is it?" or "Can I help you?" These are examples of
questions that help to create interaction and gather information in a conversation.
