Lorentz force and Current
Experiment no#04
Submitted by: Rameen Kainat (247249)
Submitted to: Mr. Abdul Rehman
Date of Experiment performed: 11/12/2024
Date of Lab Report Submission: 18/12/2024
Objective:
This experiment is used to investigate the relationship between the
Lorentz force and electric current in a conductor placed within a
magnetic field. Also, we get to know about linear relation between
Lorentz force and electric current.
Apparatus:
1. Electromagnetic set
2. Coil of wire
3. Magnetic field source
4. Power supply
5. Ammeter
6. Spring balance
Theoretical Explanation:
The Lorentz force is the force exerted on a conductor moving in an
electromagnetic field. The force on conductor can be expressed as:
F = BILsinθ
This shows that Lorentz force is directly proportional to the current
flowing, the magnetic field and the length of the conductor.
Procedure:
1. Set up the electromagnetic set with the coil of wire placed within
the magnetic field.
2. Set the power supply to a low voltage and measure the initial
current using the ammeter.
3. Measure the initial force on the coil using the force sensor or
spring balance.
4. Now increase the voltage using the power supply and measure the
corresponding current and force values.
5. Record the data for at least 2-3 different current values.
6. Plot a graph of force and current to check the relationship.
7. Repeat the experiment for different magnetic field strengths to
investigate its effect on the Lorentz force.
Observation/Calculations:
As we know that:
FL= mg x ((c/S) / √ (1 - (c/S)²)
1. F₁ = (0.00623)(9.8) x ((15/200) / √ (1 - (15/200)²) = 4.59 x 10⁻³ N = 4.59
mN
2. F₂ = (0.00623)(9.8) x (30/200)² / √ (1 - (30/200)²) = 9.86 x 10⁻³ N =
9.26 mN
3. F₃ = (0.00623)(9.8) x ((45/200)² / √ (1 - (45/200)²) = 14.09 mN
Table:
C (mm) I (A) F (mN)
15 0.47 4.59
30 1.22 9.26
45 1.86 14.09
Graph:
Results and Analysis:
As the distance c increases, the current is also increased due to which
the force to be exerted increases as well. This suggests a positive
correlation between the two values.
Precautions:
1. Handle the electrical equipment with care to avoid electrical shock.
2. Ensure the magnetic field source is securely placed to avoid accidents.
3. Don't use current greater than 4A as it can damage the apparatus.
