Linux CMD Cheat-sheet
Basic Linux commands
Command Descrip on
ls Lists all files and directories in the present working directory
ls -R Lists files in sub-directories as well
ls -a Lists hidden files as well
Lists files and directories with detailed informa on like permissions, size, owner,
ls -al
etc.
cd ~ Navigate to HOME directory
cd .. Move one level up
cd To change to a par cular directory
cd / Move to the root directory
cat > filename Creates a new file
cat filename Displays the file content
cat file1 file2 > file3 Joins two files (file1, file2) and stores the output in a new file (file3)
mv file "new file path" Moves the files to the new loca on
mv filename
Renames the file to a new filename
new_file_name
Allows regular users to run programs with the security privileges of the superuser or
sudo
root
rm filename Deletes a file
man Gives help informa on on a command
history Gives a list of all past commands typed in the current terminal session
clear Clears the terminal
mkdir directoryname Creates a new directory in the present working directory or a at the specified path
rmdir Deletes a directory
mv Renames a directory
apt-get Command used to install and update packages
File Permission commands
Command Descrip on
ls -l to show file type and access permission
r read permission
w write permission
x execute permission
-= no permission
used to modify this permission so that it can grant or restrict access to directories and
Chmod
files
Chown user For changing the ownership of a file/directory
Chown user:group
change the user as well as group for a file or directory
filename
User management commands of Linux
Command Descrip on
sudo adduser username To add a new user
sudo passwd -l 'username' To change the password of a user
sudo userdel -r 'username' To remove a newly created user
sudo usermod -a -G GROUPNAME USERNAME To add a user to a group
sudo deluser USER GROUPNAME To remove a user from a group
finger Shows informa on of all the users logged in
finger username Gives informa on of a par cular user
Networking command
Command Descrip on
SSH username@ip-address or hostname login into a remote Linux machine using SSH
Ping hostname="" To ping and Analysing network and host connec ons
