Choose the correct answer of the following for each question

1-………… is a specialized area of biology* that deals with living

things, ordinarily too small to be seen without magnification.

a-parasitology b- immunology c- microbiology d-all are true e-all are

false

2- Microbes are classified into groups according to

a-color b- shape c-size d- motility e-evolutionary
relationships

3-The name of a family is formed by adding the suffix ………. to the

root name of one of the group’s genera,
a-sp b-cocci c-genus d- aceae e- es

4- Flagella/periplasmic ;flagella ;Pili, fimbriae in bacteria are

a-bacterial cytoplasm b- cell membrane d- Techoic acid d-
lipoglycan e-Appendages of bacteria

5- Some bacteria are covered with a loose, soluble shield called ……..
that evidently protects them from loss of water and nutrients.
a-Capsuale b- envelope c- slime layer d- glycoalyx e-cell wall

Q6-Which of the following is not character of gram negative bacteria

a-Techoic acid b-Lipopolysacchrides c-Lipid A d-outer

membrane e-porin

Q7-All bacteria have ……………

a-capsule b-cell wall c-flagella d-pilli e-spores

Q8-capsules are formed by a few pathogenic bacteria

a-streptococcus pneumonia b- haemophilus influenza

c-baciilus anthracis d-all above true d-non all above

Q9-prokaryotic cells are the cells that don’t have a true nucleus due
to lack of ……… a-nuclear membrane b-cytoplasmic
membrane c-periplasmic membrane d-mesosome

e- all the above

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Q10-In binomial nomenclature …… a-The genus comes after the
species and written with capital letter. b-The genus comes after the
species and written with small letter c-The genus comes before the
species and written with capital letter d-None of the above .e-all the
above

11-The ………. are environmental isolates that live in extreme

environments such as high salt concentrations, jet fuel, or extreme
temperatures. These M.O consist of
a-bacteria, b-viruses, c-fungi, d-protozoa, e- archea

12- ………… (plural, genera), contains different species that have

several important features in common a-family b- protozoa
c- helimnths d- phylum e-genus

13- ……….. cells are the smallest, simplest, and most abundant cells
on earth include bacteria and archaea, both of which lack a nucleus
and organelles but are functionally complex. a-class b-euokaryotes
c- animale d- prokaryotes e- all the above .

14- The ……… develops as a coating of macromolecules to protect

the cell and, in some cases, help it adhere to its environment
a-Cell wall b- cell membrane d- capsules d- slime layer
e-glycocalyx

15- …………. determines the *shape of a bacterium, and it also

provides the *kind of strong structural support necessary to keep a
bacterium from bursting or collapsing because of changes in osmotic
pressure
a-Cell membrane b- capsules c-cell wall d- all are true e- all are
false

16- The bulk of the gram-positive cell wall is a ………., homogeneous

sheath of peptidoglycan ranging from 20-80 nm .
a-fat b- carbohydrates c- thin d- long e- thick
17- These molecules…………. appear to function in cell wall
maintenance and enlargement during cell division, and they also
contribute to the acidic charge on the cell surface.
a-Cell envelopes b- Teichoic acid and lipoteichoic acid c-outer
membranes d-vesicles d- nuecloids e- all the above .

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18- In some locations, the cell membrane forms internal pouches in
the cytoplasm called………….. a-mesosomes b-ribosomes c-
plasmids d- all are false e- all are true

19- Many Gram-negative bacteria possess rigid surface appendages

called …………….. they are shorter and thinner than flagella; they
are composed of structural protein subunits termed pilins.
a-Tuft b- hair c- porins d- pili e- amphitricus

20- Many bacteria contain other, nonessential pieces of DNA called

……….. These tiny, circular extra-chromosomal strands can be free
or integrated into the chromosome; they are duplicated and passed
on to offspring.
a-mRNA b- green plastides c- vesicles d- plasmids e- nucleoid

21- MacConkey Agar. Most commonly used for enterobacteriaceae.

It It is a- selective and indicator medium b-semisolid media
c.peptone water d- nutrient agar media

22- Blood Agar. Most commonly used medium. 5- 10% defibrinated

sheep or horse blood is added to melted agar at 45-50°C. Blood acts
as an a- enrichment material b- as an indicator c- both a&b d-
selective e- all above are true

23- In Alpha α-haemolysis. The colony is surrounded by a zone of

………..discolouration due to formation of biliverdin, e.g. Viridans
streptococci, a-greenish b- blackish red c-bluish purple d- yellowish
e- all the above

24- Chocolate Agar or Heated Blood agar: Prepared by heating blood

agar. It is used for culture of a- pneumococcus,b- gonococcus,
c- meningococcus and d- Haemophilus e- all the above

25- Cary-Blair medium is a ………..

a- indicator media b- transport media c- storage media d-all the
above e- None the above
26- Nutrient broth,nutrient agar and peptone water.are ………media
Used for Staphylococcus and Enterobacteriaceae grow in these
media.
a- ENRICHED MEDIA b- basal media c- selective media.d-all are true
e- all are false

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27……………is the first step in basic technique to manipulate bacterial diagnosis in
laboratory a-Isolation b-Incubation c-Inoculation d-Inspection
e-a and b are true

28: Solid media advantage is used to isolate bacteria ------ a-Mixed b–Pure
culture c-Both a and b d-None of them

29-Examples of selective media are

A-Nuterient broth agar and peptone water B-Blood agar and Lowenstein –
Jensen media C-MacConkey and tellurite media D-Cary –Blair
medium and stuart media

30-Muller-Hinton Agar is commonly used for A- Growing of fastidious organisms

B- Temporary storage of specimens C-Isolation and identification of

staphylococcus spp D- Antibiotic susceptibility testing

31- Salmonella and Shigella give yellow or colorless on MacConkey indicates non
fermented A-Glucose B-Sucrose C- Manitol D-Lactose

E- All true

32-The depletion of nurients espically an adequate carbon or nitrogen source is the

stimulus for ………………to begin spore formation . a-endospre b- cell membrane
c- vegetative cell d- cytoplasmic memebrane e – both a and c

33-The correct order of taxanomic groups from higher to lower rank

a-kingdom ----order-----class ---family

b-kingdom ----division ---class----order----family-----genus ----species

c- kingdom ----division ----order-----family -----class----genus----species

e- kingdom ----division ----order---- class …….-family ----- genus----species

34-Classification is an ……………..a-organizes microorganisms into groups or taxa based on

similar morphologic ,physiologic properties b-organizes microorganisms into groups or
taxa based on similar morphologic ,physiologic and genetic traits c- none of the
above

35-Round or oval bacteria means ----------- a-bacillus b- coccus shape c –common

shape d-helical shape e- all of the above

36-Single bacterial flagellum found at each of two oppsite poles called

a-Amphitrichous b- monotrichous c- peritrichous d-lophotrichous

e-Tuft

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37-Which of the following do not participate in human and animal infections

a-Archea b-bacteria c-viruses d-fungi e- protozoa

38-What is the initial phase of bacterial growth on the bacterial growth curve called?

a-Decline b- stationary c- lag phase d-exponential phase e- raised period

39-Gram negative cell wall provided by special membrane channels formed by

a-porin b-murine c- polysaccharides d- aminoacid c-lipoprotein

40-The majority of bacteria have a chemically complex external covering termed the --------
------ that lies outside of the cytoplasm. a-nucleoid b-phospholipid

c-cell envelope d- both a and b e- none of the above .

41-According to the gram –stain technique the gram negative bacteria have color

a-yellow b-purple c-green d-pink to red e- blue .

42- exponential growth phase, a period during which the curve increases
geometrically. This phase will continue as long as cells have adequate nutrients
and the environment is favorable a- stationary phase
b-Lag phase c-death phase d- all the above e- none all the above

43-At death phase the curve now dips downward as the death. The speed with
which death occurs depends on the relative resistance of the species and how
toxic the conditions are, but it is usually ……. than the exponential growth
phase. A-faster b- slower c- neutral d-all are true e-all are false

44-Blood agar and Lowenstein media are example of a-synthetic media

b-enriched media c- differential media d-basal media e- all the above

45-………media contains an agar in 1.5-2.5%is

a-Liquid b-semisolid c-enrichment d- selective e- solid

46-In McConkey agar the colonies that ferment lactose gives a………color
a- blue b- purple c- yellow d-greenish e- pink .

47-complete destruction of red blood cells with clearing of the around the
bacterial growth is called a- alpha hemolysis b- beta hemolysis c-gamma
hemolysis d-all are true e- all are false

48-The inoculation is provide of bacteria with …….

a- appropriate nutrient b-optimum temperature c-is involve using non
sterile tool to spread the sample on solid media d- all the above e-none all
the above

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49- The colonies morphology include 1- color, 2- shape, 3- adherence, 4- smell, 5-
surface texture can used guide for identification of the bacterial species.
a- all the above are true b- all the above are false

50- The decline in the growth rate is caused by depleted nutrients and oxygen,
excretion of organic acids and other biochemical pollutants into the growth
medium, and an increased density of cells that occurs in
a- lag phase b- log phase c- death phase d- stationary phase e- all he above

51- The division of a bacterial cell occurs mainly through binary, or transverse,
fission; binary means that one cell becomes ……., and transverse refers to the
division plane forming across the width of the cell
a-4 b-6 c-8 d-2 e-10

52- Sulfur granules of photosynthetic bacteria polyphosphate granules are found

in ………….. a-Corynebacterium and Mycobacterium
b-staphylococcus spp .c-psedumonas spp d- all the above e-none of the all

53- Bacterial flagella are thread-like appendages composed entirely of protein

called ………., approximately 20 nm in diameter. They are
the organs of locomotion for the forms that possess them.
a-pillin b- flagellin c- fatty acids d- amino acids e-glucose

54-Round or oval bacteria means -----------a-bacillus b- coccus shape

c –common shape d-helical shape e- all of the above

55:-Single bacterial flagellum found at each of two oppsite poles called

a-Amphitrichous b- monotrichous c- peritrichous d-lophotrichous

e-Tuft

56- Endospores are dormant bodies produced by the gram ……… genera.

a-Negative b- Mycobacterium spp c- positive d-all the above e-none of the above

56- MacConkey agar, Lowenstein-Jensen media, tellurite are

a- selective media b- semisolid media c- basal media

57-……… is used for profuse growth, e.g. blood culture in liquid media,
without agar . Mixed organisms cannot be separated.

a-Semisolid media b- liquid media c- tellurite d-semisolid

58- TRANSPORT MEDIA. These media are used when speciemen cannot be
cultured soon after collection. Examples a- blood agar b- MacConkey c-SS agar
d- Cary-Blair medium

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59- Bacteria are called 'lactose fermenter ………
a-Salmonella b-shigella c-streptococcus d- vibrio spp e- Escherichia coli

60- capsules are formed by a few pathogenic bacteria a-streptococcus pneumonia

b- Haemophilus influenza c-Bacillus anthracis d-all the above true d-
none all the above

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