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World Geography MCQs PDF [SSC, State PSC

Exams]
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World Geography MCQs PDF [SSC, State PSC Exams]

1. Apart from efforts towards economic integration across the region, which of the following
African organizations has also served as a peacekeeping force sending joint military forces in the
times of political unrest?
[A] African Economic Community
[B] Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)
[C] Arab Maghreb Union
[D] East African Community
Correct Answer: B [Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)]
Notes:
ECOWAS was recently making news for sending peacekeeping troops to Gambia in January 2017. It is a
15 member community of western African countries that makes efforts towards not only economic
integration but also peace keeping during times of political unrest.
2. The planned Bedabahal Ultra Mega Power Project is in which of the following states?
[A] Jharkhand
[B] Odisha
[C] West Bengal
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |
[D] Tamil Nadu
Correct Answer: B [ Odisha ]
Notes:
Bedabahal is located in Sundargarh district of Odisha. There is a planned UMPP there which has so far
not seen the light of the day due to various problems including those of land, coal etc.
3. Which of the following rivers carries maximum quantity of water into the sea?
[A] Nile
[B] Amazon
[C] Mississippi Missouri
[D] Thames
Correct Answer: B [ Amazon ]
Notes:
Amazon River carries maximum quantity of water into the sea and is largest river by discharge of water
in the world,
4. Which of the following straits is located on the extreme southern tip of South America partly in
Chile and partly in Argentina?
[A] Dover Strait
[B] Beagle Strait
[C] Hudson Strait
[D] Kara Strait
Correct Answer: B [ Beagle Strait ]
Notes:
Beagle strait is located in Tierra del Fuego Archipelago on the extreme southern tip of South America
partly in Chile and partly in Argentina. The channel’s eastern area forms part of the border between
Chile and Argentina and the western area is entirely within Chile.
5. The Buran wind blows across:
[A] Eastern Asia
[B] Western Europe
[C] Southern Africa
[D] Eastern Australia
Correct Answer: A [ Eastern Asia ]
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World Geography MCQs PDF [SSC, State PSC Exams]

Notes:
The buran wind blows across eastern Asia, specifically Xinjiang, Siberia, and Kazakhstan. The buran
takes two forms: in summer, it is a hot, dry wind, whipping up sandstorms; in winter, it is bitterly cold
and often accompanied by blizzards.
6. The Puna grassland ecoregion is found in which of the following continents?
[A] Asia
[B] Africa
[C] North America
[D] South America
Correct Answer: D [ South America ]
Notes:
Puna grassland ecoregion is found in the central Andes Mountains of South America. The term Puna
encompasses diverse ecosystems of the high Central Andes above 3200–3400 m. It is found above the
tree line at 3200–3500 m elevation, and below the permanent snow line above 4500–5000 m elevation.
7. Dasht-e Margo, also known as “Desert of Death”, is located in which country?
[A] Kazakhstan
[B] Saudi Arabia MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[C] Afghanistan
[D] China
Correct Answer: C [ Afghanistan ]
Notes:
Dasht-e Margo is a desert region in the southern provinces of Helmand and Nimruz in Afghanistan. It is
the world’s 20th largest desert, and consists mainly of sand masses and rocky-clayish plains with
solonchaks, takirs, and rarely oases.
8. Lake Winnipeg is located in which of the following countries?
[A] Brazil
[B] Canada
[C] Russia
[D] Japan
Correct Answer: B [ Canada ]
Notes:
Lake Winnipeg is a very large, but relatively shallow lake located in province of Manitoba in Canada. The
lake is elongated and is 416 km (258 mi) from north to south, with remote sandy beaches, large limestone
cliffs, and many bat caves in some areas.
9. Which of the following is not a land locked country of Europe?
[A] Hungary
[B] Kosovo
[C] Czech Republic
[D] Spain
Correct Answer: D [ Spain ]
Notes:
Spain is a sovereign state located on the Iberian Peninsula in southwestern Europe. The country’s
mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary
with Gibraltar. Hungary, Kosovo and Czech Republic are land locked countries in Central Europe.
10. Lake Titicaca, a large deep lake in South America, is located on the border of which two
countries?
[A] Argentina and Bolivia
[B] Bolivia and Peru

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World Geography MCQs PDF [SSC, State PSC Exams]

[C] Peru and Uruguay

[D] Uruguay and Paraguay
Correct Answer: B [ Bolivia and Peru ]
Notes:
Lake Titicaca is a large, deep lake in the Andes on the border of Bolivia and Peru. By volume of water and
by surface area, it is the largest lake in South America.
11. The Katanga plateau in Africa is known for rich deposits of:
[A] Copper and Uranium
[B] Uranium and Zinc
[C] Zinc and Bauxite
[D] Bauxite and Gypsum
Correct Answer: A [ Copper and Uranium ]
Notes:
The Katanga Plateau Africa is known for rich deposits of Copper and Uranium. The region is also good
for farming and ranching. It is located at an altitude of 1220m and the altitude makes it cooler than the
surrounding area.
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |
12. Which of the following mountain ranges is not present in Europe?
[A] Apennine Mountain Range
[B] Pyrenees Mountain Range
[C] Sierra Nevada Mountain Range
[D] Alps Mountain range
Correct Answer: C [ Sierra Nevada Mountain Range ]
Notes:
Sierra is a mountain range in the Western United States, between the Central Valley of California and
the Basin and Range Province. It runs 400 miles (640 km) north-to-south, and is approximately 70 miles
(110 km) across east-to-west.
13. The northernmost point of India is known as:
[A] Indira Heights
[B] Indira Col
[C] Indira Point
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: B [ Indira Col ]
Notes:
The northernmost point of India lies in the state of Jammu and Kashmir and it is known as Indira Col.
The Indira Col (altitude 5,764 metres) is a mountain pass located on the Indira Ridge in the Siachen
Muztagh in the Karakoram Range.
14. Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution Mission (MAVEN) is a space probe developed to study
the atmosphere of Mars. It has been developed by _?
[A] Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)
[B] China National Space Administration (CNSA)
[C] National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
[D] Russian Federal Space Agency (RFSA)
Correct Answer: C [National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)]
Notes:
Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution Mission (MAVEN) is a space probe developed & designed by
NASA to study the atmosphere of Mars. It was launched on November 18, 2013, and entered orbit around
Mars on around Mars on September 21, 2014.

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World Geography MCQs PDF [SSC, State PSC Exams]

15. Which of the following was the first planet to have its motions plotted across the sky during
the second millennium BC?
[A] Mars
[B] Venus
[C] Jupiter
[D] Saturn
Correct Answer: B [Venus]
Notes:
Venus was the first planet to have its motions plotted across the sky, as early as the second millennium
BC.
16. Which of the following statements is incorrect about the Planet Mars?
[A] It has two permanent polar ice caps
[B] After the Moon, it is the brightest object in our night sky
[C] Liquid water cannot exist on the surface of Mars due to low atmospheric pressure
[D] Mars is less dense than Earth
Correct Answer: B [After the Moon, it is the brightest
MANOJ object in | our night sky]
KURANE | [email protected]

Notes:
Second statement is incorrect because Venus is the second brightest object in our night sky after Moon.
17. Which of the following was the first planet in the solar system to be visited by a Spacecraft?
[A] Mercury
[B] Venus
[C] Mars
[D] Jupiter
Correct Answer: B [Venus]
Notes:
Venus was the first planet beyond Earth visited by a spacecraft (Mariner 2 in 1962), and the first to be
successfully landed on (by Venera 7 in 1970).
18. Which of the following countries does not share its border with Black Sea?
[A] Georgia
[B] Bulgaria
[C] Belarus
[D] Turkey
Correct Answer: C [Belarus]
Notes:
The Black Sea is an inland sea located between far-southeastern Europe and the far-western edges of the
continent of Asia and the country of Turkey. It’s bordered by Turkey, and
by Bulgaria, Romania,Ukraine, Russia and Georgia.
19. Which of the following straits connect Mediterranean Sea to the Atlantic Ocean?
[A] Strait of Hormuz
[B] Strait of Gibraltar
[C] Bosporus Strait
[D] Dover Strait
Correct Answer: B [Strait of Gibraltar]
Notes:
The Mediterranean Sea is connected to the Atlantic Ocean by the Strait of Gibraltar in the west and to
the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea, by the Dardanelles and the Bosporus respectively, in the east.

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World Geography MCQs PDF [SSC, State PSC Exams]

20. Which of the following is a correct definition of “Isohyets”?

[A] Lines on a map showing equal rainfall
[B] Lines on a map having same mean temperature
[C] Lines on a map having same barometric pressure
[D] Lines on a map showing equal height from mean sea level
Correct Answer: A [ Lines on a map showing equal rainfall ]
Notes:
An isohyet may be defined as a line joining points of equal rainfall. In other words, a line drawn on a map
connecting points that receive equal amounts of rainfall is known as Isohyte.
21. Which of the following regions can be safely called the belt of Doldrums?
[A] Polar region
[B] Sub-tropical region
[C] Temperate region
[D] Equatorial region
Correct Answer: D [ Equatorial region ]
Notes: MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

Equatorial region – Doldrums or equatorial belt of calms, area around the earth centered slightly north
of the equator between the two belts of trade winds. The large amount of solar radiation that arrives at
the earth in this area causes intense heating of the land and ocean. This heating results in the rising of
warm, moist air; low air pressure; cloudiness; high humidity; light, variable winds; and various forms of
severe weather, such as thunderstorms and squalls. Hurricanes originate in this region. The doldrums
are also noted for calms, periods when the winds disappear, trapping sailing vessels for days or weeks.
22. Which of the following is not an equatorial crop?
[A] Coconut
[B] Rubber
[C] Oil Palm
[D] Banana
Correct Answer: D [ Banana ]
Notes:
Banana is not an equatorial crop. The major examples of Equatorial crops include Rubber, Cocoa, Pepper,
Coconut, Oil palm, betel nut etc
23. Which of the following canals is considered to be an important link between the developed
countries and the developing countries?
[A] Panama Canal
[B] Suez Canal
[C] Kiel Canal
[D] Grand Canal
Correct Answer: B [ Suez Canal ]
Notes:
Suez Canal considered to be an important link between the developed countries and the developing
countries.
24. Myanmar does not share its international boundary with__?
[A] Laos
[B] Thailand
[C] Vietnam
[D] India
Correct Answer: C [ Vietnam ]

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World Geography MCQs PDF [SSC, State PSC Exams]

Notes:
Myanmar is bound by China to the north and northeast, Laos to the east, Thailand to the east and
southeast, India to the northwest, Bangladesh to the west and the Andaman Sea to the south.
25. Which of the following countries is not a part of Melanesia region in the pacific ocean?
[A] Vanuatu
[B] Solomon Islands
[C] Fiji
[D] Kiribati
Correct Answer: D [ Kiribati ]
Notes:
Melanesia is a subregion of Oceania and refers to the Pacific Islands from New Guinea south east-wards
to the Fiji. It has four countries viz. Vanuatu, Solomon Islands, Fiji, and Papua New Guinea.
26. Who coined the term “geography” for the first time?
[A] Plato
[B] Aristotle
[C] Ptolemy
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |
[D] Eratosthenese
Correct Answer: D [Eratosthenese]
Notes:
Eratosthenese coined the word Geography:
Geo means- Earth
Graphos means- Description
Geography means- Earth description
Eratosthenese was the first person to calculate the circumference of the Earth and also founder of
Chronology
27. Pedogenesis is the process in which:
[A] Mountains are formed
[B] Soils are formed
[C] Gases are formed
[D] Oceans are formed
Correct Answer: B [Soils are formed]
Notes:
Pedogenesis refers to the process in which soils are formed.
Pedogenesis is derived from two Greek words: Pedo and genesis
Pedo means soil and Genesis means birth or origin
28. Systematic approach is one of the major approach to study geography. The systematic
approach was introduced by:
[A] Eratosthenese
[B] Ptolemy
[C] Alexander Von Humboldt
[D] Karl Ritter
Correct Answer: C [Alexander Von Humboldt]
Notes:
Geography is studied majorly by using two approaches
1. Systematic approach
2. Regional approach
Systematic geography approach was introduced by German Geographer Alexander Von Humboldt
where as regional geography approach was introduced by another German geographer Karl Ritter
• Any phenomenon of geography in systematic approach is studied world over as a whole, and then the
identification of typologies or spatial patterns is done.
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World Geography MCQs PDF [SSC, State PSC Exams]

• In the regional approach, the world is divided into regions at different hierarchical levels and then all
the geographical phenomena in a particular region are studied
29. Which of the following pertains to “study of Landforms” ?
[A] Geomorphology
[B] Oceanography
[C] Climatology
[D] Marine Geography
Correct Answer: A [Geomorphology]
Notes:
Geomorphology is the scientific study of landforms, their processes, form and sediments at the surface
of the Earth. Geomorphology helps to reconstruct history of the surface of the earth through a study of
its forms, the materials of which it is made up of and the processes that shape it.
30. Which of the following refers to the study of interface between physical geography and human
geography?
[A] Political geography
[B] Geomorphology
[C] Bio geography MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[D] Anthropology
Correct Answer: C [Bio geography]
Notes:
Biogeography is the study of the interface between physical geography and human geography.
Biogeography includes
a. Plant Geography
b. Animal Geography
c. Ecology
d. Environmental Geography
31. Who among the following published Geographike hyphegesis or “Guide to Geography” in 2nd
Century A.D?
[A] Ptolemy
[B] Strabo
[C] Herodotus
[D] Aristotle
Correct Answer: A [Ptolemy]
Notes:
Ptolemy made a number of contributions to geography. His book Geographike hyphegesis or “Guide to
Geography” compiled and summarize much of the Greek and Roman geographic information
accumulated at that time.
Geographia was written by Strabo
32. Which branch of geography refers to the standard of living and its quality of life of its human
inhabitants?
[A] Development geography
[B] Anthropology
[C] Physical geography
[D] Pedology
Correct Answer: A [Development geography]
Notes:
In development geography, geographers study spatial patterns in development and study the standard
of living and Quality of life of inhabitants.
Study of humans in the past and present societies is known as Anthropology.

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World Geography MCQs PDF [SSC, State PSC Exams]

33. Which of the following is studied under Physical geography?

[A] Economic activities
[B] Human Migration
[C] Soils
[D] Settlements
Correct Answer: C [Soils]
Notes:
Human Geography is the synthetic study of the relationship between human societies and the earth’s
surface where as Physical geography deals with nature of physical phenomena such as climatology, soil
and vegetation.
Physical geography deals with:
• Land forms
• Rocks
• Minerals
• Soils
• Climate
• Rivers
• Atmosphere etc.
Human Geography deals with MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |
• Population
• Settlements
• Migration
• Transportation
• Social traditions etc.
34. Which of the following disciplines attempts spatial synthesis?
[A] History
[B] Geography
[C] Polity
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: B [Geography]
Notes:
Geography as a discipline attempts spatial synthesis. Spatial synthesis includes any of the formal
techniques which study entities using their topological, geometric, or geographic properties
Temporal Synthesis can be described as ”automated construction” of a system whereby we develop a
temporary specification and then try to prove it. For example history attempts temporal synthesis.
35. Study of interaction between living organisms and environment is known as
[A] Pedology
[B] Ecology
[C] Biology
[D] Zoology
Correct Answer: B [Ecology]
Notes:
‘Ecology is defined as the scientific study of the relationship of living organisms with each other and
with their environment.’ It has been derived from two Greek words, ‘oikos’, meaning home or estate and
‘logos’ meaning study.
Ecology not only deals with the study of the relationship of individual organisms with their
environment, but also with the study of populations, communities, ecosystems, biomes, and biosphere as
a whole
36. In which of the following human geography approaches believes that physical geographies
determine human behaviour and the existence of different forms of societies?
[A] Possibilism
[B] Environmental determinism
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World Geography MCQs PDF [SSC, State PSC Exams]

[C] Neo-determinism
[D] Stop and go determinism
Correct Answer: B [Environmental determinism]
Notes:
Environmental determinism is the belief that the environment and its physical factors like landforms,
climate, mountains etc. determines the patterns of human culture and societal development.
Possibilism based upon the assumption that environment sets certain constraints or limitations, but
culture is otherwise determined by social conditions. This theory says that the true and only
geographical problem is that to utilisation of possibilities.
Nondeterminism or stop and go determinism which chooses middle path and it is introduced by Griffith
Taylor.
37. Pedology is the study of:
[A] Oceans
[B] Soils
[C] Mountains
[D] Land froms
Correct Answer: B [Soils]
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |
Notes:
Study of soils is known as Pedology.
38. Which of the following is not an example of systematic approach of geography?
[A] Physical geography
[B] Environmental geography
[C] Human geography
[D] Regional geography
Correct Answer: D [Regional geography]
Notes:
Systematic approach of geography is divided into four main branches.
(i) Physical geography,
(ii) Biogeography, including environmental geography,
(iii) Human geography,
(iv) Geographical methods and techniques
Regional approach geography is divided into
(i) Regional studies
(ii) Regional analysis
(iii) Regional development
(iv) Regional planning including areas and community planning
39. Regional geography approach was introduced by:
[A] Karl Ritter
[B] Alexander Von Humboldt
[C] Herodotus
[D] Strabo
Correct Answer: A [Karl Ritter]
Notes:
Geography is studied majorly by using two approaches
1. Systematic approach
2. Regional approach
Systematic geography approach was introduced by German Geographer Alexander Von Humboldt
where as regional geography approach was introduced by another German geographer Karl Ritter .
40. Who among the following proposed Helio-centric model of solar system?
[A] Copernicus

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World Geography MCQs PDF [SSC, State PSC Exams]

[B] Ptolemy
[C] Aristotle
[D] Strabo
Correct Answer: A [Copernicus]
Notes:
Copernicus proposed Helio-centric model. According to this model, sun stands at the center of the
universe, and Moon, the Earth, and remaining planets revolve around the sun.
41. Geo centric model of solar system was proposed by:
[A] Copernicus
[B] Ptolemy
[C] Aristotle
[D] Strabo
Correct Answer: B [Ptolemy]
Notes:
Geo-centric theory of solar system was proposed by Ptolemy 2000 years ago. This theory states that all
celestial objects, stars, the sun and the planets, all revolved around the earth.
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

42. Who among the following proposed Laws of planetary motion?

[A] Newton
[B] Kepler
[C] Ptolemy
[D] Copernicus
Correct Answer: B [Kepler]
Notes:
Kepler proposed Laws of planetary motion. These three laws describes the behavior of planets in the
heliocentric model;
The three laws of Kepler can be stated as follows:
1. Law of orbits: All planets move in elliptical orbits with the Sun situated at one of the foci of the ellipse
2. Law of areas: The line that joins any planet to the sun sweeps equal areas in equal intervals of time.
3. Law of periods: The Square of the time period of revolution of a planet is proportional to the cube of
the semi-major axis of the ellipse traced out by the planet. The law of areas can be understood as a
consequence of conservation of angular momentum which is valid for any central force
43. Who is the author of the book Principa?
[A] Newton
[B] Galileo
[C] Copernicus
[D] Ptolemy
Correct Answer: A [Newton]
Notes:
Principa was published by Isaac Newton.
Newton also formulated the Laws of Motion and the Law of Gravity.
44. Who among the following formulated Nebular theory?
[A] Laplace
[B] Newton
[C] Kepler
[D] Ptolemy
Correct Answer: A [Laplace]
Notes:
Nebular theory was formulated by Laplace which describes the formation of the Sun and solar system,

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Laplace along with his colleague John Michel, introduced the idea of a “dark star,” which later came to be
called as black hole.
45. Theory of special relativity was developed by:
[A] Einstein
[B] Newton
[C] Galileo
[D] Laplace
Correct Answer: A [Einstein]
Notes:
Einstein proposed theory of special relatively in the year 1905. According to this theory
E=mc²
Where
C= Speed of light
M= relative mass of a body
E= Kinetic energy
It means that the amount of energy in a piece of matter is equal to the mass of that piece of matter
multiplied by the speed of light squared.
46. What is the index of refraction for perfect vacuum?
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[A] 0
[B] 1
[C] 1.5
[D] 0.5
Correct Answer: A [0]
Notes:
Index of refraction for perfect vacuum is zero.
Light can change speed and direction when it goes through different materials. All materials that
transmit light have a property called index of refraction.
The index of refraction is 1 for a perfect vacuum, 1.0003 for air, 1.33 for water, about 1.5 for various kinds
of glass, and 2.42 for diamond.
Light travels more slowly through higher index-of-refraction materials than through lower ones.
47. Which of the following is the value of Hubble constant?
[A] 73 kilometers per second per mega parsec
[B] 75 kilometers per second per mega parsec
[C] 77 kilometers per second per mega parsec
[D] 69 kilometers per second per mega parsec
Correct Answer: A [73 kilometers per second per mega parsec]
Notes:
The expansion rate of the universe is called the Hubble Constant. Currently the best measured value of
the Hubble Constant is about 73 kilometers per second per mega parsec.
48. Who among the following proposed steady state theory with respect to universe?
[A] Einstein
[B] Laplace
[C] Newton
[D] Hoyle
Correct Answer: D [Hoyle]
Notes:
Hoyle’s concept of steady state is opposite to Big Bang theory. It considered the universe to be roughly
the same at any point of time
49. Expanding Universe hypothesis is also known as:

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World Geography MCQs PDF [SSC, State PSC Exams]

[A] Nebular theory

[B] Big Bang theory
[C] Steady state theory
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: B [Big Bang theory]

50. Which of the following planet is an example of Terrestrial planet?

[A] Earth
[B] Jupiter
[C] Saturn
[D] Neptune
Correct Answer: A [Earth]
Notes:
Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars are called as the inner planets as they lie between the sun and the belt
of asteroids. Inner planets are also known as Terrestrial planets meaning earth-like as they are made up
of rock and metals, and have relatively high densities.
51. Which of the following planet is an example of Jovian planet?
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[A] Earth
[B] Mercury
[C] Venus
[D] Saturn
Correct Answer: D [Saturn]
Notes:
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are called as the outer planets or Jovian planets or Gas Giant
planets Most of them are much larger than the terrestrial planets and have thick atmosphere, mostly of
helium and hydrogen.
52. Which of the following is the least dense planet among all the planets?
[A] Earth
[B] Uranus
[C] Jupiter
[D] Saturn
Correct Answer: D [Saturn]
Notes:
Saturn is the least dense among all the planets. Its density is less than that of water.
53. Which among the following are commonly known as shooting stars?
[A] Meteors
[B] Comets
[C] Planets
[D] Asteroids
Correct Answer: A [Meteors]
Notes:
A meteor is usually a small object that occasionally enters the earth’s atmosphere. Some meteors are
large and so they can reach the Earth before they evaporate completely. The body that reaches the Earth
is called a meteorite
54. Which of the following planet is known as Morning star?
[A] Earth
[B] Venus

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[C] Mercury
[D] Jupiter
Correct Answer: B [Venus]
Notes:
Sometimes Venus appears in the eastern sky before sunrise. Sometimes it appears in the western sky
just after sunset. Therefore it is often called a morning or an evening star, although it is not a star.
55. Next to sun, which is the nearest star of the earth?
[A] Apha centuari
[B] Orion
[C] Usra Major
[D] Sirius
Correct Answer: A [Apha centuari]
Notes:
Sun is nearly 150,000,000 kilometers (150 million km) away from the Earth. The next nearest star to
earth is Alpha Centauri which is at a distance of about 4.367 light years from the Earth.
Orion or Usra Major are the names of Constellations.
Sirius is the Brightest star in the sky. MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

56. Approximately what is the age of the earth?

[A] 3.5 billion years
[B] 4.5 billion years
[C] 4 billion years
[D] 2.5 billion years
Correct Answer: B [4.5 billion years]
Notes:
Earth is the third planet of the solar system as counted from the sun. The Earth also came into existence
almost the same time as the other members of the solar system, i.e. around 4.5 billion years ago.
57. What is the distance of the Sun from the Earth?
[A] 7 light minutes
[B] 8 light minutes
[C] 9 light minutes
[D] 10 light minutes
Correct Answer: B [8 light minutes]
Notes:
The Sun is nearly 150 million km away from the Earth. Such large distances are expressed in another
unit known as light year.
Light year is the distance travelled by light in one year.
Speed of light is about 300,000 km per second. Thus, the distance of the Sun from the Earth may be said
to be about 8 light minutes.
58. Petrology is the study of
[A] Soils
[B] Rocks
[C] Oceans
[D] Mountains
Correct Answer: B [Rocks]
Notes:
Study of rocks- Petrology
Study of soils- Pedology
Study of mountains- Orology

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59. Which of the following is an example of direct source to study interior of the earth?
[A] Gravitation
[B] Sesimic activity
[C] Magnetic field
[D] Volcanic Eruption
Correct Answer: D [Volcanic Eruption]
Notes:
Temperature increases when we go deep into the earth. Therefore scientist depends on some sources to
study interior of the earth. Based on the nature of source they are divided into two types:
Direct sources- Surface rocks, volcanic eruption forms etc.
Indirect sources- Magnetic field, gravitation, seismic activity, meteors etc.
60. Which of the following forms outermost solid part of the earth?
[A] Core
[B] Crust
[C] Mantle
[D] Magma
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |
Correct Answer: B [Crust]
Notes:
Structure of Earth’s interior is divided into three parts:
Outer most layer of the earth is known as Crust
Inner most layer of the earth is known as Core
Mantle is the layer that is lying between crust and core
61. Which of the following is known as most dense layer of the earth?
[A] Core
[B] Crust
[C] Mantle
[D] Magma
Correct Answer: A [Core]
Notes:
Core is the densest layer of the earth. The density of the core ranges from 9.5 to 14.5 and sometimes even
higher. (13g/cm3)
The density of Mantle varies from 3.3 to 5.7 (3.4 gm/cm3)
Density of crust varies from 2.70 to 2.95 (3g/cm3)
62. Which of the following layer of the earth is termed as Sial?
[A] Core
[B] Crust
[C] Mantale
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: B [Crust]
Notes:
Outer most layer of the earth- crust is also known as Sial because major constituent elements of crust
are silica (Si) and Aluminium (Al).
Mantle is also known as Sima because major constituent elements of mantle are magnesium and silicon
Inner most layer of the earth- core is also known as Nife because core is mainly composed of the iron (fe)
and nickel (Ni)
63. Lithosphere is the combination of
[A] Upper core and lower core
[B] Upper crust and lower mantle
[C] Crust and uppermost part of mantle
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[D] Mantle and core

Correct Answer: C [Crust and uppermost part of mantle]
Notes:
Lithosphere refers to the portion of depth up to 200 km from the surface of the earth.
The crust and the uppermost part of the mantle are called lithosphere. Its thickness ranges from 10-200
km.
64. Which of the following rocks found in Oceanic crust?
[A] Granite
[B] Basalt
[C] Igneous rocks
[D] Metamorphic rocks
Correct Answer: B [Basalt]
Notes:
Basalt is the type of rock found in Oceanic crust.
Igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks are found in continental crust.
Granite is an example of igneous rocks.
65. Which of the following is the major element in earth crust?
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[A] Silicon
[B] Oxygen
[C] Iron
[D] Aluminium
Correct Answer: B [Oxygen]
Notes:
Oxygen is the major element in earth crust followed by silicon, Aluminium, iron, calcium, sodium,
potassium, Magnesium and other elements.
66. Which of the following rocks formed from the existing rocks by undergoing the process of
recrystallization?
[A] Igneous rocks
[B] Metamorphic rocks
[C] Sedimentary rocks
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: B [Metamorphic rocks]
Notes:
The type of rocks that are formed from existing rocks through recrystallization are known as
metamorphic rocks. The word metamorphic means ‘change of form’.
Igneous rocks are formed by the solidification of hot molten material called magma or lava. The word
igneous is derived from the Latin word ‘ignis’ meaning fire.
Sedimentary rocks are formed by the deposition of sediments of rocks by exogenous forces. The word
‘sedimentary’ is derived from the Latin word sedimentum, which means settling.
67. Which of the following rocks are known as Primary rocks?
[A] Igneous Rocks
[B] Metamorphic Rocks
[C] Sedimentary Rocks
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: A [Igneous Rocks]
Notes:
All the rocks are derived from igneous rocks which are formed by the solidification of hot molten
material called magma or lava. Therefore igneous rocks are also called as primary rocks or parent rocks.

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68. When we go deep into the earth:

[A] Temperature decreases
[B] Temperature increases
[C] Temperature remains constant
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: B [Temperature increases]
Notes:
During Volcano Molten lava erupted from the earth’s interior, support that temperature increases
towards the centre of the earth. The temperature at the centre is estimated to lie somewhere between
3000°C and 50000C.
69. Which of the following rocks have layered like structure?
[A] Igneous Rocks
[B] Metamorphic Rocks
[C] Sedimentary Rocks
[D] Extrusive igneous rocks
Correct Answer: C [Sedimentary Rocks] MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |
Notes:
Sedimentary rocks are formed by the successive deposition of sediments. Therefore they have layered or
stratified structure. These rocks are also known stratified rocks.
Sandstone, shale, limestone and dolomite are some of the examples of Sedimentary rocks.
70. Which of the following rocks are known as Plutonic rocks?
[A] Deep seated Intrusive Igneous
[B] Shallow depth intrusive rocks
[C] Sedimentary Rocks
[D] Extrusive igneous rocks
Correct Answer: A [Deep seated Intrusive Igneous]
Notes:
Extrusive igneous rocks are formed by cooling of lava on the earth’s surface. Extrusive igneous rocks
are also called volcanic rocks.
Intrusive igneous rocks are formed when magma solidifies below the earth’s surface.
Deep seated intrusive rocks are termed as plutonic rocks.
Shallow depth intrusive rocks are termed as hypabyssal.
71. Granite is an example of:
[A] Intrusive igneous rock
[B] Extrusive igneous rock
[C] Sedimentary rock
[D] Metamorphic rock
Correct Answer: A [Intrusive igneous rock]

72. Slate is an example of:

[A] Igneous rock
[B] Metamorphic rock
[C] Sedimentary rock
[D] Intrusive igneous rock
Correct Answer: B [Metamorphic rock]
Notes:
Slate, gneiss, schist, marble and diamond are good examples of metamorphic rocks.
73. Which of the following is known as thinnest layer of the earth?
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[A] Crust
[B] Mantle
[C] Core
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: A [Crust]

74. When we go deep into earth pressure:

[A] Increases
[B] Decreases
[C] remains constant
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: A [Increases]
Notes:
Due to huge weight of overlying rocks, pressure increases from the surface towards the centre of the
earth.
75. Generally, in which of the following rocks fossils are founds?
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |
[A] Igneous rock
[B] Metamorphic rock
[C] Sedimentary rock
[D] Intrusive igneous rock
Correct Answer: C [Sedimentary rock]
Notes:
Due to layered structure Sedimentary rocks contain fossils of plants, animals and other microorganisms
that once lived on them.
76. What is the radius of earth?
[A] 5300 km
[B] 6370 km
[C] 10000 km
[D] 8330 km
Correct Answer: B [6370 km]
Notes:
Approximate distance from Earth’s center to its surface is known as Earth radius which is 6,370 km.
77. Which among the following lakes makes the border tripoint of Kenya , Tanzania & Uganda ?
[A] Lake Turkana
[B] Lake Victoria
[C] Lake Tivu
[D] Lake Tanganyika
Correct Answer: B [Lake Victoria]

78. One minute of arc of latitude along any meridian is also known as__?
[A] One Degree
[B] One Mile
[C] One Nautical Mile
[D] One mach
Correct Answer: C [One Nautical Mile]

79. The grasslands called “Pampas” are found in which among the following regions?
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[A] South Africa

[B] South America
[C] Australia
[D] Europe
Correct Answer: B [South America]
Notes:
Tropical Grasslands
East Africa- Savanna
Brazil- Campos
Venezuela- Llanos
Temperate Grasslands
Argentina- Pampas
1. America- Prairie
2. Africa- Veld
3. Asia- Steppe
Australia- Down

80. Which among the following is correct about Sirocco?

MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |
[A] It’s a warm & dry wind
[B] It’s a warm & moist wind
[C] It’s a cold & moist wind
[D] It’s a winter wind that blows in pacific ocean
Correct Answer: A [It’s a warm & dry wind]
Notes:
Sirocco is a warm, dry and dusty laden local wind which blows in northerly direction from Sahara desert
over North Africa as a dry wind and picks up moisture as it crosses the Mediterranean.
Since they carry red dust over Sahara, the rainfall which they cause is called blood rain sometimes.
81. Which among the following trench is NOT in the Pacific Ocean?
[A] Java Trench
[B] Karmadec
[C] Peru-Chile
[D] Aleutian
Correct Answer: A [Java Trench]
Notes:
Java Trench is in Indian Ocean.
82. “Medicine line” is another name of which among the following circles of latitude?
[A] 17th Parallel North
[B] 39th Parallel North
[C] 49th Parallel North
[D] 59th Parallel North
Correct Answer: C [49th Parallel North]

83. The term “Ranching” is most closely related to which among the following activities?
[A] Shifting cultivation
[B] Livestock grazing
[C] Forest farming
[D] Fishing
Correct Answer: B [Livestock grazing]
Notes:
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Large cattle farms called ranches are looked after by sturdy men called cowboys
Commercial livestock ranching is essentially associated with western cultures and is practised on
permanent ranches. These ranches cover large areas and are divided into a number of parcels, which are
fenced to regulate the grazing.
84. Which among the following is the world’s northernmost capital of a sovereign state?
[A] Reykjavík
[B] Helsinki
[C] Stockholm
[D] Akranes
Correct Answer: A [Reykjavík ]
Notes:
Iceland’s capital, Reykjavík, is the world’s northernmost capital city of any sovereign state.
85. On around which among the following dates, Earth is at it’s farthest from the Sun?
[A] January 4
[B] July 4
[C] June 21
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |
[D] December 22
Correct Answer: B [July 4]
Notes:
Perihelion is the point when Earth is closest to Sun and it occurs around 3rd January. The distance is
147.5 million kms.
Aphelion is the point when Earth is farthest from the Sun and it occurs on July 4. The distance is 152.5
million Kms.
86. “Chukchi Sea” is the part of which among the following Oceans?
[A] Pacific
[B] Indian
[C] Atlantic
[D] Arctic
Correct Answer: D [Arctic]

87. Old Faithful” Geyser is located in which among the following countries?
[A] Canada
[B] US
[C] Spain
[D] Mexico
Correct Answer: B [US]

88. What is the average density of earth in g/cm3?

[A] 5.515
[B] 4.415
[C] 4.515
[D] 6.515
Correct Answer: A [5.515]

89. In which country is located World’s largest trade centre of diamond?

[A] Belgium
[B] India
[C] USA

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[D] France
Correct Answer: A [Belgium]
Notes:
Antwerp in Belgium
90. Lloyd Barrage is a 6166 mile long network of canals, feeding the largest irrigation system in
the world, with more than 5 million acres of irrigated land. In which country it is located?
[A] China
[B] Pakistan
[C] India
[D] Afghanistan
Correct Answer: B [Pakistan]

91. In which among the following countries is located the “Owen Falls” that is world’s greatest
man made lake?
[A] Uganda
[B] Rwanda MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[C] Congo
[D] Tanzania
Correct Answer: A [Uganda]

92. Isohaline are the lines joining the points in the ocean that have equal _____?
[A] Density
[B] Salinity
[C] Temperature
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: B [Salinity]

93. Which among the following region is called as rust belt of Japan?
[A] Shikoku
[B] Honsh
[C] Kyushū
[D] Chubu
Correct Answer: A [Shikoku]
Notes:
The Manufacturing Belt was called the Rust Belt in the latter decades of the 20th century because the
word that describes the deterioration of iron into rust was an appropriate name to give to a region
where the iron and steel and related industries were in great decline.
94. Mogao Caves, also known as “Caves of the Thousand Buddhas” are located in which among the
following countries?
[A] Cambodia
[B] China
[C] Japan
[D] Vietnam
Correct Answer: B [China]
Notes:
The Mogao Caves, or Mogao Grottoes form a system of 492 temples 25 km southeast of the center of
Dunhuang, an oasis strategically located at a religious and cultural crossroads on the Silk Road, in Gansu
province, China. They are World Heritage Sites.
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95. Which among the following country has the largest share in global mangrove areas?
[A] Indonesia
[B] Brazil
[C] Mexico
[D] Australia
Correct Answer: A [Indonesia]
Notes:
The nations with the largest mangrove areas include Indonesia (with 21% of global mangroves), Brazil
(9%), Australia (7%), Mexico (5%), and Nigeria (5%).
96. Continent where Tundra type of climate is NOT found?
[A] Asia
[B] North America
[C] Europe
[D] Australia
Correct Answer: D [Australia] MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

97. Kampala is the capital of which of the following African countries?

[A] Uganda
[B] Zambia
[C] Kenya
[D] Angola
Correct Answer: A [ Uganda ]
Notes:
98. KLM airways belongs to which of the following countries?
[A] Kuwait
[B] Netherlands
[C] Japan
[D] Kuwait
Correct Answer: B [ Netherlands ]

99. Which among the following was the first comet to be observed by a manned spacecraft?
[A] Comet Kohoutek
[B] Halley’s Comet
[C] Comet Borrelly
[D] Kreutz Sungrazers
Correct Answer: A [ Comet Kohoutek ]
Notes:
100. The lines on a map connecting regions of equal rainfalls are called as which among the
following?
[A] Isobars
[B] Isohytes
[C] Isocons
[D] Isotherms
Correct Answer: B [ Isohytes ]

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Notes:
101. Littoral forests are rich sources of which among the following?
[A] Bamboo
[B] Firewood
[C] Timber
[D] Fodder
Correct Answer: B [ Firewood ]
Notes:
102. What are the main criteria of dividing major natural regions of the world?
[A] Temperature, rain fall and vegetation
[B] Latitudes and Longitudes
[C] Atmospheric Pressure and Winds
[D] All of them
Correct Answer: A [ Temperature, rain fall and vegetation ]
Notes: MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

103. Which among the following straits connects the Mediterranean Sea with Atlantic Ocean?
[A] Strait of Gibraltar
[B] Strait of Magellan
[C] Strait of Panama
[D] None of them
Correct Answer: A [ Strait of Gibraltar ]
Notes:
104. Where is the secretariat office of Birdlife International?
[A] Geneva
[B] Cambridge
[C] Suva, Fiji
[D] Mumbai, India
Correct Answer: B [ Cambridge ]
Notes:
105. Moraines are the deposits of which among the following kinds?
[A] Tidal Deposits
[B] Glacial Deposits
[C] Wind Deposits
[D] None of Them
Correct Answer: B [ Glacial Deposits ]
Notes:
106. Where are the headquarters of International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural
Resources?
[A] Geneva
[B] Philippines
[C] Sydney
[D] Paris
Correct Answer: A [ Geneva ]

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Notes:
107. Which among the following is the highest peak in Africa?
[A] Mount Kilimanjaro
[B] Mount Kenya
[C] Mount Algan
[D] Mount Hanang
Correct Answer: A [ Mount Kilimanjaro ]
Notes:
108. Alph River and Onyx River are located in which among the following continents?
[A] Australia
[B] Antarctica
[C] North America
[D] Europe
Correct Answer: B [ Antarctica ]
Notes: MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

109. On which among the following dates Earth may be on Perihelion (Closest to Sun)?
[A] January 4
[B] June 21
[C] March 22
[D] December 21
Correct Answer: A [January 4]
Notes:
The point in the orbit where the planet is closest to the Sun is called “perihelion”. The point where the
planet is farthest from the Sun is called “aphelion”.
110. What is the amount in percentage of total mass , which Sun comprises of the solar system?
[A] 99.02%
[B] 93.24%
[C] 98.20%
[D] 99.8%
Correct Answer: D [99.8%]

111. What is the amount of Iron in Earth (percentage in total mass)?

[A] 24.5%
[B] 34.6%
[C] 39.3%
[D] 42.4%
Correct Answer: B [34.6%]

112. Phobes and Deimos are two satellites of which planet?

[A] Jupiter
[B] Mars
[C] Earth
[D] Venus
Correct Answer: B [Mars]
Notes:
Mars is known as the red planet because it looks red from Earth. The reddish color comes from high
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concentration of iron oxide compounds that is rust—in the rocks of the Martian surface.
Phobos and Deimos are the natural satellites of Mars
113. Who was the first to observe Saturn with a telescope?
[A] Galileo Galilei
[B] Issac Newton
[C] Jacques Cassini
[D] David H. Levy
Correct Answer: A [Galileo Galilei]

114. Which planet is known as” Bright Wandering Star”?

[A] Mars
[B] Venus
[C] Saturn
[D] Jupiter
Correct Answer: D [Jupiter]
Notes: MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |
The large number of stars observed in the heavens were classified into fixed stars and wandering stars.
Fixed stars were those with respect to which the movement of the celestial bodies were measured.
Wandering stars were those whose relative distances with respect to the fixed stars keep changing.
Mars, Venus, Jupiter, Mercury and Saturn belonged to the latter category.
115. On Summer Solstice, Sun’s rays fall perpendicular on which among the following circles?
[A] Tropic of Capricorn
[B] Equator
[C] Tropic of Cancer
[D] None of them
Correct Answer: C [Tropic of Cancer]
Notes:
The solstice refers to the events when the Sun’s apparent position in sky reaches its northernmost or
southernmost extremes. Solstice happens twice a year, and twice a year happen the equinoxes.
Altogether, the four are considered to start 4 seasons.
At the time of northern solstice, sun is perceived to be directly overhead the 23.44° north known as
Tropic of Cancer.
Likewise, at the southern solstice the same thing happens for latitude 23.44° south, known as the
Tropic of Capricorn.
116. Anatolia is a part of which among the following ?
[A] Australia
[B] Asia
[C] North America
[D] Antarctica
Correct Answer: B [Asia]
Notes:
Anatolia or Asia Minor constitutes the central part of turkey. It is bounded by the Tarus Mountain in the
south, the black sea in the north, and the Aegean Sea in the west, while the eastern boundary is formed
by the Mount Ararat and the Armenian knot. Anatolia is plateau having undulating topography. The
national capital of turkey (Ankara) is located in its central part.
117. How many parts Earth atmosphere has been divided?
[A] 2
[B] 3
[C] 4

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[D] 5
Correct Answer: D [5]
Notes:
The five layers of atmosphere are: Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Ionosphere and Exosphere
118. Which of the following is world’s longest estuary?
[A] Orange River Estuary
[B] Great Bay
[C] Gulf of Ob
[D] San Francisco Bay
Correct Answer: C [ Gulf of Ob ]
Notes:
World’s largest estuary – Gulf of Ob is located in Northern Russia in Arctic Ocean at the mouth of the Ob
River
119. Which of the following is the largest of the seven member states of United Arab Emirates?
[A] Dubaiu
[B] Sharjah MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[C] Ras al-Khaimah

[D] Abu Dhabi
Correct Answer: D [ Abu Dhabi ]
Notes:
Situated to the south of Dubai, Abu Dhabi is the largest of the seven member states of the United Arab
Emirates. It is also the federal capital of the United Arab Emirates
120. Which mountains separate Asia from Europe in west?
[A] Ural Mountains
[B] Alps Mountains
[C] Caucasus Mountains
[D] None of them
Correct Answer: A [ Ural Mountains ]
Notes:
121. Territories of which of the following does not touch the Dead Sea?
[A] Lebanon
[B] Jordan
[C] Israel
[D] Palestine
Correct Answer: A [ Lebanon ]
Notes:
Dead Sea is a salt lake bordered by Jordan to the east and Israel and Palestine to the west. It is also
lowest point of Asia, 395 meters down sea level.
122. Mount Kosciuszko is the highest mountain in__?
[A] Russia
[B] Canada
[C] Australia
[D] Indonesia
Correct Answer: C [ Australia ]
Notes:
Mount Kosciuszko, with height of 2,228 meters, is the highest mountain in Australia.
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123. Mount McKinley is the highest peak in which continent?

[A] North America
[B] South America
[C] Europe
[D] Africa
Correct Answer: A [ North America ]
Notes:
Denali or Mount McKinley is the highest mountain peak in North America, with a summit elevation of
20,310 feet (6,190 m) above sea level. It is located in Denali National Park and Preserve, Alaska, United
States.
124. Australia’s longest river system is made by__?
[A] Darling River
[B] Murray River
[C] Culgoa River
[D] Paroo River
Correct Answer: A [ Darling River ] MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

Notes:
The Darling River is the third longest river in Australia, measuring 1,472 kilometers from its source in
northern New South Wales to its confluence with the Murray River at Wentworth, New South Wales.
Including its longest contiguous tributaries it is 2,844 km (1,767 mi) long, making it the longest river
system in Australia
125. Which country is known as “Land of Flying Fish”?
[A] Bahamas
[B] Barbados
[C] Cayman Islands
[D] Jamaica
Correct Answer: B [ Barbados ]
Notes:
126. Which ocean is called “Herring Pond”?
[A] Pacific Ocean
[B] Atlantic Ocean
[C] Arctic Ocean
[D] Indian Ocean
Correct Answer: B [ Atlantic Ocean ]
Notes:
127. Aconcagua is the highest peak of __?
[A] Alps Mountains
[B] Ural Mountains
[C] Andes Mountains
[D] None of them
Correct Answer: C [ Andes Mountains ]
Notes:
Situated along the border of Argentina and Chile, Aconcagua is the highest peak of Andes Mountains. It
is a snow-capped extinct volcano rising to a height of 6960 m (22,834 ft.) above the sea level. It was first
climbed by Edward A. Fitzgerald in 1897. It has vertical zones in its natural vegetation ranging from the
deciduous forests at the foothills, pine and fir above 2000 m, and alpine pastures at higher altitudes.
128. In which year Robert Edwin Peary became the first person to reach the North Pole ?
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[A] 1906
[B] 1909
[C] 1911
[D] 1912
Correct Answer: B [1909]

129. Which of the following European countries is known as the ‘Land of a thousand lakes’ ?
[A] Norway
[B] Sweden
[C] Finland
[D] Estonia
Correct Answer: C [Finland]

130. Where on the earth is located the Sirohi Point?

[A] North Pole
[B] Indian Ocean
[C] Caribbean Sea MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[D] Antarctica
Correct Answer: D [Antarctica]
Notes:
Please note that Giri Raj Singh Sirohi was the first Indian to set foot on Antarctica, as a part of a research
team of United States Antarctic Research Program (USARP). He had researched in biology in at
McMurdo Station, 1960-61, for 100 days at subzero temperatures and the point was named after him by
the US Government later.
131. Which among the following is formed by the process of Lithification?
[A] Granite
[B] Basalt
[C] Marble
[D] Feldspar
Correct Answer: D [Feldspar]
Notes:
Lithification gives rise to sedimentary rocks. Out of the above, only Feldspar is a sedimentary rock
132. Which among the following is a Treeless Biome?
[A] Taiga
[B] Tundra
[C] Chaparral
[D] Savannah
Correct Answer: B [Tundra]

133. If earth stops rotating, the impact on weight of a body will be minimum on which among the
following places?
[A] Equator
[B] North pole
[C] Tropic of cancer
[D] Tropic of Capricorn
Correct Answer: B [North pole]

134. Suez Canal joins Mediterranean Sea with which among the following seas?
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[A] Red sea

[B] Dead sea
[C] Caspian sea
[D] White sea
Correct Answer: A [Red sea]
Notes:
Suez Canal is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt. It links the Mediterranean with the Red Sea
through Isthmus of Suez. It was first opened in 1869 after a decade of construction. Strategically and
economically it is one of the most important waterways in the world providing the shortest sea link
between Asia and Europe. Its opening had provided alternative route to sea voyage between Europe and
India. It had reduced the sea voyage distance between these two regions by about 7,000 kilometers
without navigating around Africa
135. Which among the following seas is known for highest salinity?
[A] Red sea
[B] Dead sea
[C] Caspian sea
[D] Sargasso Sea MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

Correct Answer: B [Dead sea]

136. What is normally found in the western side of the continents situated near tropics?
[A] Mountains
[B] Deserts
[C] Rivers
[D] Lakes
Correct Answer: B [Deserts]

137. How long does the Earth take to turn 1° Longitude during its rotation?
[A] 4 minutes
[B] 4 seconds
[C] 4 hours
[D] 40 seconds
Correct Answer: A [4 minutes]

138. Which among the following dates would normally represent a Winter Solstice in Northern
Hemisphere?
[A] December 26
[B] January 14
[C] December 21
[D] January 24
Correct Answer: C [December 21]

139. Which among the following is the longest day in northern hemisphere?
[A] June 21
[B] March 21
[C] September 21
[D] May 31
Correct Answer: A [June 21]

140. What kind of forests are found in Siberian climate?

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World Geography MCQs PDF [SSC, State PSC Exams]

[A] Deciduous
[B] Coniferous
[C] Tropical
[D] Montane Grasslands
Correct Answer: B [Coniferous]

141. Prairies are the grasslands typically found in ?

[A] North America
[B] South America
[C] Africa
[D] Asia
Correct Answer: A [North America]
Notes:
The temperate grasslands of North America are known as the Prairies (Fig. 9.1). It is a region of flat,
gently sloping or hilly land. For the most part, prairies are treeless but, near the low lying plains,
flanking river valleys, woodlands can be found. Tall grass, upto two metres high, dominates, the
landscape. It is actually a “sea of grass MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

142. What is the name of Earth’s first super continent?

[A] Pangea
[B] Vaalbara
[C] Gondwana
[D] Columbia
Correct Answer: B [Vaalbara]
Notes:
The earth is 4700 million years old and the earliest super continent Vaalbara started forming around
3600 million years ago
143. What is India’s rank in production of Sugar cane?
[A] First
[B] Second
[C] Third
[D] Fourth
Correct Answer: B [Second]

144. “New Moore” island is located in?

[A] Arabian Sea
[B] Indian Ocean
[C] Bay of Bengal
[D] Pacific Ocean
Correct Answer: C [Bay of Bengal]
Notes:
New Moore Island was known as New Moore Island in India and South Talpatti Island in Bangladesh. It
was an unhabitated island which emerged in the Bay of Bengal in the aftermath of the Bhola cyclone in
1970. It had been created by the delta currents. It was located south of the Hariabhanga river. Now it has
disappeared due to raising sea levels.

145. Which among the following is busiest ocean trade route?

[A] Suez Canal
[B] North Atlantic route

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World Geography MCQs PDF [SSC, State PSC Exams]

[C] Panama Canal

[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: B [North Atlantic route]

146. On June 21, the Sun is vertically overhead the following..?

[A] Tropic of Cancr
[B] Tropic of Capricorn
[C] Equator
[D] None of the abve
Correct Answer: A [Tropic of Cancr]

147. In which among the following Petroleum in India is found chiefly?

[A] Basalt
[B] Metamorphic Rocks
[C] Sedimentary Rocks
[D] None of the above
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |
Correct Answer: C [Sedimentary Rocks]
Notes:
Sedimentary rocks are made from layers, or strata, of mineral particles found in other rocks that have
been weathered and from newly formed organic matter. Sedimentary rocks are important because they
preserve a record of ancient landscapes, climates, and mountain ranges, as well as the history of the
erosion of Earth. In addition, fossils are found in abundance in sedimentary rocks younger than 600
million years and provide evidence of the evolution of life through time. Earth’s geologic time scale was
worked out using this record of sedimentary rocks and fossils.

148. The winds which never change their direction are called?
[A] Permanent Winds
[B] Trade winds
[C] Planetary Winds
[D] Local winds
Correct Answer: C [Planetary Winds]

149. In which of the following climates pine trees grow?

[A] Wet Deciduous
[B] Coniferous
[C] Tundra
[D] Monsoon
Correct Answer: B [Coniferous]

150. Rhodesia is the old name of ?

[A] Zaire
[B] Zimbabwe
[C] Switzerland
[D] Malawi
Correct Answer: B [Zimbabwe]

151. In which of the following River Jordan drains?

[A] Atlantic Ocean
[B] Dead sea
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[C] Red sea

[D] Gulf of suez
Correct Answer: B [Dead sea]

152. Which among the following regions of Earth’s surface are called Horse Latitudes ?
[A] Equatorial Low Pressure Belt
[B] Sub Tropical High Pressure Belt
[C] Sub Polar Low Pressure Belt
[D] Polar belts
Correct Answer: B [Sub Tropical High Pressure Belt]
Notes:
There are two sub-tropical high-pressure belts extending approximately between latitudes 15 and 30
degrees to the north and south of the Equator. Horse latitudes are generally areas of high pressure
marked by calm, subsiding air that gets heated during descent. It receives little precipitation and has
variable winds mixed with calm.
153. Borneo Island is the part of which among the following countries?
[A] Malaysia MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[B] Indonesia
[C] Brunei
[D] All the above
Correct Answer: D [All the above]

154. Puncak Jaya, which is the highest peak in South East Asia and only place in south east asia
where ice Glacier can be found is located in which among the following countries?
[A] Malaysia
[B] Indonesia
[C] Laos
[D] Brunei
Correct Answer: B [Indonesia]

155. The Magellanic Clouds are visible from ___?

[A] Northern hemisphere
[B] Southern hemisphere
[C] Both Northern hemisphere & Southern hemisphere
[D] Neither Northern nor Southern Hemisphere
Correct Answer: B [Southern hemisphere]

156. Aurorae are produced by the collision of charged particles from Earth’s magnetosphere which
arise due to __?
[A] Solar winds
[B] Ozone layer
[C] Radio waves
[D] Ionosphere
Correct Answer: A [Solar winds]
Notes:
Aurora was also known as polar lights (northern lights or aurora borealis and southern lights or aurora
australis).It is a natural display of lights in the sky in Arctic and Antarctic regions. It is caused when
streams of charged particles from Sun collide with particles from gases like oxygen and nitrogen present
in the atmosphere of the Earth.
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Thus, the solar winds disturb the Earth’s magnetosphere leading the charged particles in both solar
wind and magnetospheric plasma, primarily electrons and protons to precipitate in the upper
atmosphere. It is the resulting excitation and ionization of atmospheric constituents that light of
varying colour and complexity is emitted.
157. Bohai Sea is coterminous with ____?
[A] Black sea
[B] Red sea
[C] Yellow sea
[D] White sea
Correct Answer: C [Yellow sea]

158. Which among the following types of clouds are associated with structure resembling the piles
of “Cauliflower”?
[A] Stratus
[B] Nimbus
[C] Cumulus
[D] None of the above MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

Correct Answer: C [Cumulus]

159. Which among the following country is also known as Crossroads of Central Asia?
[A] Uzbekistan
[B] Afghanistan
[C] Tajikistan
[D] Turkmenistan
Correct Answer: B [Afghanistan ]

160. What is the distance between consecutive longitudes at poles?

[A] 0 km
[B] 10 km
[C] 15 km
[D] 20 km
Correct Answer: A [0 km]

161. During which of the following events the distance between Sun and Earth is maximum?
[A] Aphelion
[B] Perhelion
[C] Summer Solsitice
[D] Winter Solsitice
Correct Answer: A [Aphelion]
Notes:
Earth is closest to the sun (perihelion), around 3rd January
Earth is farthest from the sun (aphelion), around 4th July
162. Which among the following is the average Orbital speed of the Earth around the Sun?
[A] 18.5 km / sec
[B] 29.7 km/s
[C] 31.5 km/s
[D] 33.6 km/s
Correct Answer: B [29.7 km/s]
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World Geography MCQs PDF [SSC, State PSC Exams]

Notes:
The orbital speed of the Earth around the Sun averages about 30 km/s (108,000 km/h), which is fast
enough to cover the planet’s diameter (about 12,700 km) in seven minutes, and the distance to the Moon
of 384,000 km in four hours
163. Which among the following soil is rich in minerals?
[A] Alluvial soil
[B] Black soil
[C] Red soil
[D] Laterite soil
Correct Answer: A [Alluvial soil]

164. Which among the following soil has formed by the weathering of ancient metamorphic and
crystalline rocks and is rich in Iron content ?
[A] Black Soil
[B] Red Soil
[C] Alluvial Soil
[D] Laterite soil MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

Correct Answer: B [Red Soil]

165. Which among the following is the source of Brahamputra River?

[A] Mount Kailash in Tibet
[B] Manasarovar lake in Tibet
[C] Gangotri Glacier
[D] Angsi Glacier
Correct Answer: D [Angsi Glacier ]
Notes:
Brahmaputra originates on the Angsi Glacier located on the northern side of the Himalayas in Burang
County of Tibet as the Yarlung Tsangpo River and flows southern Tibet to break through the Himalayas
in great gorges. Tsangpo enters India after taking a U turn at Namcha Barwa and flows in Arunachal
Pradesh and here we call it Dihang River or Siang River.
166. Chomolungma is located in ___?
[A] India
[B] Nepal
[C] Bhutan
[D] Tibet
Correct Answer: B [Nepal]
Notes:
Chomolungma is one name of Mount Everest
167. Mount Everest is a part of ___?
[A] Mahalangur Himal
[B] Dhaulagiri Himalaya
[C] Baltoro Karakoram
[D] Jugal Himalaya
Correct Answer: A [Mahalangur Himal ]

168. Which line marks the boundary of the zone where the Sun never sets during June solstice and
never rises during December Solstice?
[A] Antarctic Circle
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[B] Arctic Circle

[C] Tropic of Cancer
[D] Tropic of Capricorn
Correct Answer: B [Arctic Circle]

169. Haematite & Magnetite are ______?

[A] Iron Ores
[B] Copper Ores
[C] Manganese Ores
[D] Zinc Ores
Correct Answer: A [Iron Ores]
Notes:
Magnetite is the finest iron ore with a very high content of iron up to 70 per cent. It has excellent
magnetic qualities, especially valuable in the electrical industry.
Hematite ore is the most important industrial iron ore in terms of the quantity used, but has a slightly
lower iron content than magnetite. (50-60 per cent)
170. In Polar Tundra regions, which animal is used
MANOJ KURANE to get fur
| [email protected] | by nomadic Eskimos?
[A] Caribou
[B] Bear
[C] Walrus
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: A [Caribou]

171. Which among the following is not true regarding igneous rocks?
[A] They are formed inside earth under great pressure
[B] They don’t occur in layers and don’t contain fossils
[C] They are mostly Crystalline in nature
[D] All are correct
Correct Answer: A [They are formed inside earth under great pressure]

172. Which among the following example is a right combination?

[A] Marble : Metamorphic Rock
[B] Basalt : Intrusive Igneous Rock
[C] Slate : Extrusive Igneous Rock
[D] All are correct
Correct Answer: A [Marble : Metamorphic Rock]
Notes:
When the molten magma cools, it becomes solid. Rocks thus formed are called igneous rocks. They are
also called primary rocks. There are two types of igneous rocks: intrusive rocks and extrusive rocks
Lava is actually fiery red molten magma coming out from the interior of the earth on its surface. When
this molten lava comes on the earth’s surface, it rapidly cools down and becomes solid. Rocks formed in
such a way on the crust are called extrusive igneous rocks. They have a very fine grained structure. For
example, basalt. The Deccan plateau is made up of basalt rocks. Sometimes the molten magma cools
down deep inside the earth’s crust. Solid rocks so formed are called intrusive igneous rocks. Since they
cool down slowly they form large grains. Granite is an example of such a rock

173. What is the correct decreasing order of sizes of different soil sizes of Sand, Gravel, Clay & Silt?
[A] Gravel, Sand,Silt, Clay
[B] Silt, Sand, Gravel Clay

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World Geography MCQs PDF [SSC, State PSC Exams]

[C] Gravel, Silt, Sand , Clay

[D] Clay,Gravel, Silt, Sand ,
Correct Answer: A [Gravel, Sand,Silt, Clay]

174. Pastoral Farming is usually related to ________?

[A] Cereal Crops
[B] Grazing for livestock
[C] Integrated farming
[D] Pulses
Correct Answer: B [Grazing for livestock]

175. The largest producer of rubber is_________ ?

[A] Thailand
[B] Malaysia
[C] Singapore
[D] India
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |
Correct Answer: A [Thailand]
Notes:
Thailand is the leading Rubber producing country in the world. Thailand is followed Indonesia and China
at the second and third place respectively. India stands at fourth position in Rubber production.
176. Savannas are __________
[A] Temperate Grasslands of Africa
[B] Temperate Grasslands of South America
[C] Tropical Grasslands of Africa
[D] Tropical Grasslands of South America
Correct Answer: C [Tropical Grasslands of Africa]

177. Waterspout is a ___________?

[A] Depression
[B] Hurricane
[C] Tornado
[D] Cyclone
Correct Answer: C [Tornado]
Notes:
Tornadoes are more generally formed over land but they also develop over water. Tornado over water is
called a waterspout, which is formed mostly in the tropics and subtropical areas
178. Which among the following is not a hot wind?
[A] Sirocco
[B] Chinook
[C] Mistral
[D] Loo
Correct Answer: C [Mistral]
Notes:
Mistral refers to the northerly or north-westerly (i.e. coming from north) cold wind experienced on the
shores of the north-west Mediterranean, mainly around the Rhone-delta. It is more intense during the
winter, when pressure is relatively high over the European continent and low over the western
Mediterranean; it reaches great force in the rear of a deep depression situated over the gulf of lions that
is moving away eastwards or south-eastwards.
Sirocco is a warm, dry and dusty laden local wind which blows in northerly direction from Sahara desert
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over North Africa as a dry wind and picks up moisture as it crosses the Mediterranean. Since they carry
red dust over Sahara, the rainfall which they cause is called blood rain sometimes.

179. On which of the following dates Autumnal Equinox occurs?

[A] March 21
[B] June 21
[C] September 23
[D] March 21
Correct Answer: C [September 23]

180. Sudan is an example of which of the following types of climates?

[A] Tropical Marine
[B] Tropical Continental
[C] Tropical Monsoon
[D] Tundra
Correct Answer: B [Tropical Continental]
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

181. Which among the following has highest velocity ?

[A] Hurricane
[B] Tornado
[C] Typhoon
[D] Cyclone
Correct Answer: B [Tornado]

182. Sun shines exactly over equator for how many times a year?
[A] Once in a year
[B] twice in a year
[C] four times a year
[D] 12 times in a year
Correct Answer: B [twice in a year]

183. We often read about third world in newspapers. Which among the following best describes
third world ?
[A] The Oil Rich Countries located in Middle east
[B] The underdeveloped countries and developing countries
[C] The Africa and Asia as a whole and parts of South America
[D] The Africa and Asia as a whole and parts of North America
Correct Answer: B [The underdeveloped countries and developing countries]

184. Which of the following country has a flag with a pointed red maple leaf?
[A] Austria
[B] Canada
[C] Lebanon
[D] Australia
Correct Answer: B [Canada]

185. Which among the following terms denote a vertical wall of water moving upstream in a river?
[A] Tide

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World Geography MCQs PDF [SSC, State PSC Exams]

[B] Tidal bore

[C] Current
[D] Meander
Correct Answer: B [Tidal bore]

186. The two months which show the phenomenon of Equinox are ?
[A] June & December
[B] March & September
[C] March & December
[D] January & December
Correct Answer: B [March & September]

187. Which among the following term denotes the transport of some property of the atmosphere
or ocean, such as heat, humidity or salinity?
[A] Convection
[B] Advection
[C] Conduction MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[D] Radiation
Correct Answer: B [Advection]

188. The winds that blow from the subtropical high pressure belts towards the sub polar low
pressure belts are called as_________?
[A] Local Winds
[B] Trade Winds
[C] Westerlies
[D] Easterlies
Correct Answer: C [Westerlies]

189. Gypsum, Chalk & Limestone are examples of ________?

[A] Metamorphic Rocks
[B] Sedimentary Rocks
[C] Igneous Rocks
[D] Primary rockd
Correct Answer: B [Sedimentary Rocks]

190. Tugela is an example of __________?

[A] Waterfall
[B] Shipping Canal
[C] Natural Lake
[D] Salt lake
Correct Answer: A [Waterfall]

191. Ob river flows in the following region?

[A] Africa , Zaire
[B] Asia, Pakistan
[C] Asia, Russia
[D] USA, Canada

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Correct Answer: C [Asia, Russia]

192. What was the old name of Cape Kennedy ?

[A] Cape of Good Hope
[B] Cape Canaveral
[C] Cape Elizabeth
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: B [Cape Canaveral]

193. Which country was earlier known as Formosa?

[A] Egypt
[B] Taiwan
[C] Gahana
[D] Kenya
Correct Answer: B [Taiwan]

194. What is the length of day and night when

MANOJ the rays from
KURANE | [email protected] | the Sun directly (vertically ) fall on
equator?
[A] Day is lengthier than Night
[B] Night is lengthier than Day
[C] Day and Night are equal
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: C [Day and Night are equal]

195. In India when there is summer season, what is the season in Chile?
[A] Summer
[B] Winter
[C] Spring
[D] Autumn
Correct Answer: B [Winter]

196. World’s largest temple is located in __________ ?

[A] India
[B] Nepal
[C] Cambodia
[D] Laos
Correct Answer: C [Cambodia]

197. Suryavarman II in the early 12th century is related to which of the following ancient sites?
[A] Khajuraho
[B] Angkor Wat
[C] Amrutesvara temple
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: B [Angkor Wat]

198. Which among the following is not among the ancient list of seven wonders of world?
[A] Statue of Zeus at Olympia
[B] Great Wall of China

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World Geography MCQs PDF [SSC, State PSC Exams]

[C] Colossus of Rhodes

[D] Tajmahal
Correct Answer: B [Great Wall of China]

199. The annual average rate of net plant production is highest in which of the following
ecosystems?
[A] Temperate Grasslands
[B] Temperate Forests
[C] savannah
[D] Tundra
Correct Answer: B [Temperate Forests]

200. Western Australia is characterized by which of the following __________?

[A] maximum waterfalls
[B] maximum coral reefs
[C] maximum sea caves
[D] maximum deserts MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

Correct Answer: B [maximum coral reefs]

201. Which country is called “Sugar Bowl of world”?

[A] Norway
[B] Sweden
[C] India
[D] Cuba
Correct Answer: D [Cuba]

202. Which country is called “Land of the Cakes”?

[A] Scotland
[B] Switzerland
[C] Norway
[D] India
Correct Answer: A [Scotland]

203. Which country is the largest producer of Asbestos?

[A] Canada
[B] Russia
[C] India
[D] USA
Correct Answer: B [Russia]

204. Which is the most abundant metal in the Earth’s crust? `

[A] Silicon
[B] Iron
[C] Aluminium
[D] Zinc
Correct Answer: C [Aluminium]

205. Mushroom rocks, also called Rock pedestals, are one of the most striking manifestations of

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World Geography MCQs PDF [SSC, State PSC Exams]

the processes of ?
[A] Water Erosion
[B] Wind Erosion
[C] Gravity Erosion
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: B [Wind Erosion]

206. A barchan is an example of ___________?

[A] A Rock
[B] A Dune
[C] An erg
[D] Sand sea
Correct Answer: B [A Dune]

207. Highly Scientific development and management of pastoral farming is a feature of which of
the following countries?
[A] France & Spain MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[B] Denmark & Holland

[C] Greenland & Norway
[D] India & Bhutan
Correct Answer: B [Denmark & Holland]

208. Pebble transport by rivers, sand drift over desert surfaces, soil blowing over fields are
examples of which of the following phenomena?
[A] Deposition
[B] Saltation
[C] Attrition
[D] Weathering
Correct Answer: B [Saltation]

209. Maastricht Treaty is related to which of the following?

[A] Climate Change
[B] Europe Unification
[C] Nuclear Nonproliferation
[D] Nuclear Suppliers Group
Correct Answer: B [Europe Unification]

210. Which among the following is the correct definition of ” Annual Precipitation” of a particular
place / area?
[A] All forms of precipitation converted to the quantity of liquid water
[B] All forms of precipitation converted to the quantity of ice
[C] Total Actual amount of Rains, Snow, hail, sleet etc.
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: A [All forms of precipitation converted to the quantity of liquid water]

211. Northern Europe is characterized by ?

[A] Tundra
[B] Taiga
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World Geography MCQs PDF [SSC, State PSC Exams]

[C] temperate coniferous forests

[D] Alpine
Correct Answer: B [Taiga]

212. The Ganga-Brahmaputra river delta in India and Bangladesh which is one of the most fertile
regions in the world is a____________?
[A] River dominated Delta
[B] Tide Dominated Delta
[C] Wave Dominated Delta
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: B [Tide Dominated Delta]

213. Gulf Stream is a _______?

[A] warm current
[B] cold current
[C] Warm & Cold current
[D] None of the above MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

Correct Answer: A [warm current]

214. The Eternal City” is a nick name of ________?

[A] Rome
[B] Athens
[C] Jerusalem
[D] New York
Correct Answer: A [Rome]

215. Labrador current is a __________?

[A] cold current
[B] warm current
[C] Canary Current
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: A [cold current]

216. The Bering Strait separates the ____________?

[A] North America and South America
[B] North America and Asia
[C] Asia & Africa
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: B [North America and Asia]

217. Edaphology is concerned with the ________________?

[A] influence of human development on soil
[B] influence of soils on human development
[C] influence of soils on living things
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: C [influence of soils on living things]

218. Nickel & Iron are the main constituents of __________?

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World Geography MCQs PDF [SSC, State PSC Exams]

[A] Earth Core

[B] Earth Crust
[C] Mantle
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: A [Earth Core]

219. Lithosphere includes the crust and the uppermost mantle, which constitute the hard and
rigid outer layer of the planet in the range of 0 to _______?
[A] 10 km
[B] 20 km
[C] 200 km
[D] 800 km
Correct Answer: C [200 km]

220. Shale is an example of ?

[A] Igneous Rock
[B] Sedimentary Rock MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[C] Metamorphic Rock

[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: B [Sedimentary Rock]

221. Baltic Sea & North Sea are connected by _________?

[A] Kiel Canal
[B] Panama canal
[C] Suez canal
[D] none of the above
Correct Answer: A [Kiel Canal]

222. World’s largest number of active volcanoes are found in which of the following oceans?
[A] Pacific Ocean
[B] Atlantic Ocean
[C] Indian Ocean
[D] Arctic Ocean
Correct Answer: A [Pacific Ocean]

223. Which of the following river crosses equator twice?

[A] Nile
[B] Amazon
[C] Congo
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: C [Congo]

224. Amazon river is the largest river in the world by volume and has the largest drainage basin in
the world. This accounts for approximately what fraction of the world’s total river flow?
[A] 10%
[B] 20%
[C] 30%
[D] 40%
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Correct Answer: B [20%]

225. Arabian Peninsula in Southwest Asia at the junction of Africa and Asia plays a critically
important geopolitical role because of ____ _____?
[A] Its Location
[B] Vast reserves of oil and natural gas
[C] Port cities
[D] Vast reserves of minerals
Correct Answer: B [Vast reserves of oil and natural gas]

226. Among Fog, Hail, Snowfall & Rains all are forms of precipitation except?
[A] Fog
[B] Snowfall
[C] Rain
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: A [Fog]
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

227. Among Caspian Sea, Aral Sea, Black Sea & Red Sea all are closed seas except _________?
[A] Aral Sea
[B] Black Sea
[C] Red Sea
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: C [Red Sea]

228. Santa Ana, Brickfielder, Sirocco & Khamsin are examples of ______?
[A] currents
[B] volcanoes
[C] winds
[D] deserts
Correct Answer: C [winds]

229. Jet streams are examples of ________?

[A] Water currents
[B] Air currents
[C] Polar winds
[D] Winds
Correct Answer: B [Air currents]

230. Among Japan, South Korea, North Korea, China and Russia all border the Sea of Japan
except_______?
[A] Russia
[B] China
[C] North Korea
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: C [North Korea]

231. 180 degree longitude is also known as _ ___?

[A] Arctic Circle

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World Geography MCQs PDF [SSC, State PSC Exams]

[B] International Date Line

[C] The Great Circle
[D] Equator
Correct Answer: B [International Date Line]

232. Appleton layer is a part of _______?

[A] Stratosphere
[B] Mesosphere
[C] Ionosphere
[D] Exosphere
Correct Answer: C [Ionosphere]

233. which among the following deserts is located in South America?

[A] Sonoran Desert
[B] Gibson Desert
[C] Atacama Desert
[D] Sahara desert MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

Correct Answer: C [Atacama Desert]

234. Flemish are the tribal inhabitants of which of the following countries?
[A] Belgium
[B] Chile
[C] India
[D] Peru
Correct Answer: A [Belgium]

235. Mannerheim line separates which of the following two neighbors ?

[A] Russia & Finland
[B] France & Germany
[C] Russia & Belarus
[D] India & China
Correct Answer: A [Russia & Finland]

236. Which among the following line defined the boundary of North & South Vietnam before the
two were united?
[A] 17th Parallel
[B] 24th Parallel
[C] 38th parallel
[D] 50th parallel
Correct Answer: A [17th Parallel]

237. South Africa has 3 capitals. Which among the following sentences is correct regarding the
three capitals of South Africa?
[A] Cape Town is the legislative capital; Pretoria is the administrative capital; and Bloemfontein is
the judicial capital
[B] Cape Town is the administrative capital; Pretoria is the judicial capital; and Bloemfontein is the
legislative capital
[C] Cape Town is the judiciary capital; Pretoria is the administrative capital; and Bloemfontein is
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the legislative capital

[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: A [Cape Town is the legislative capital; Pretoria is the administrative capital; and
Bloemfontein is the judicial capital]

238. Among India, Sri Lanka, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia & Myanmar , which are the countries
which have provided official status to Tamil Language ?
[A] India, Sri Lanka, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia
[B] India, Sri Lanka, Singapore, Malaysia
[C] India, Sri Lanka, Singapore
[D] India and Malaysia
Correct Answer: C [India, Sri Lanka, Singapore]

239. Great Britain comprises the England, Wales , Scotland & Northern Ireland. How much area of
the entire UK is covered by England?
[A] 40%
[B] 50% MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[C] 60%
[D] 70%
Correct Answer: C [60%]

240. Petrology is a branch of science which is related to the study of which of the following ?
[A] Oil & Gas
[B] Rocks & Minerals
[C] Fossils
[D] Soils
Correct Answer: B [Rocks & Minerals]

241. Which among the lines is a boundary between France & Germany ?
[A] Siegfried Line
[B] Senger Line
[C] KW-line
[D] 49th Parallel
Correct Answer: A [Siegfried Line]

242. There was a single super continent called “Gondwanaland” in the Upper Paleozoic and
Mesozoic Era.. India along with which of the following were included in this super continent?
[A] Africa, South America, Australia
[B] Africa, Australia
[C] Australia only
[D] Africa, only
Correct Answer: A [Africa, South America, Australia]
Notes:
According to Alfred Wegener, the entire landmass of the globe was together about 280 million years ago.
It was termed as Pangea, a super continent. The huge water body surrounding the Pangea was known as
Panthalasa. From 280 to 150 million years ago, Pangea was broken latitudinally into northern and
southern parts known as Laurasia (Angaraland) and Gondwanaland, respectively.
Gondwana included Antarctica, South America, Africa, Madagascar, Australia-New Guinea, and New
Zealand, as well as Arabia and the Indian subcontinent, which have now moved entirely into the

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Northern Hemisphere.
243. Which among the following is true regarding cyclones?
[A] rotate counter clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern
Hemisphere
[B] rotate clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and counter clockwise in the Southern
Hemisphere
[C] may rotate in any direction in any hemisphere
[D] none of the above
Correct Answer: A [rotate counter clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern
Hemisphere]
Notes:
For cyclones:
Pressure Condition at the centre: Low
Pattern of wind direction in Northern hemisphere: Anti-clock wise
Pattern of wind direction in Southern hemisphere: Clock wise
For Anti cyclones:
Pressure Condition at the centre: high
Pattern of wind direction in Northern hemisphere: clock wise |
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected]

Pattern of wind direction in Southern hemisphere: Anti clock wise

244. Paleoclimatology is study of:
[A] Ancient Climates
[B] Modern Climates
[C] Climates of other planets
[D] Climates of oceans
Correct Answer: A [Ancient Climates]

245. Which of the following sentences defines air mass correctly ?

[A] They are large volume of air defined by temperature and water vapor content
[B] They are large volume of air with different density (temperature and/or moisture)
characteristic
[C] They are large volume of air defined by the speed and directions
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: A [They are large volume of air defined by temperature and water vapor content]

246. What fraction of Earth’s total water content is in the form of oceans?
[A] 20%
[B] 30%
[C] 50%
[D] 97%
Correct Answer: D [97%]

247. In which of the following situation Lunar eclipse occurs?

[A] Sun between earth & Moon
[B] Earth between Sun & Moon
[C] Moon between Earth & Sun
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: B [Earth between Sun & Moon]

248. A low pressure area in the atmosphere in which winds spiral inwards is _________?

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World Geography MCQs PDF [SSC, State PSC Exams]

[A] Anticyclone
[B] Cyclone
[C] Front
[D] Tsunami
Correct Answer: B [Cyclone]

249. A huge mass of ice fed by snow on a high mountain slowly sliding downhill before it starts
melting is ________?
[A] Glacier
[B] Ice berg
[C] Typhoon
[D] Fog
Correct Answer: A [Glacier]

250. Which among the following country derives its name from a latitude?
[A] Canary islands
[B] Canada MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[C] Australia
[D] Ecuador
Correct Answer: D [Ecuador]
Notes:
Ecuador is the Spanish word for equator.
251. Eskimos live in which of the following climates?
[A] Tundra
[B] Taiga
[C] Siberian
[D] Tropical
Correct Answer: A [Tundra]

252. In Geography O Horizon, P Horizon, A Horizon are the layers of which of the following ?
[A] Soils
[B] Rocks
[C] Atmosphere
[D] Oceans
Correct Answer: A [Soils]
Notes:
If we dig a pit on land and look at the soil, we find that it consists of three layers which are called
horizons.
253. A cluster of islands is called ?
[A] Archipelago
[B] Attol
[C] Strait
[D] Gulf
Correct Answer: A [Archipelago]
Notes:
In Geography, Group of islands or island chain or collection of islands is known as Archipelago. The
largest archipelagic state in the world by area and population is Indonesia.

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Indonesia, Japan, Taiwan, the Philippines, New Zealand are some examples of well-known archipelagos.
254. The Pamir Mountains in Central Asia are formed by the junction or knot of which of the
following ?
[A] Himalayas, Karakoram, Hindu Kush ranges
[B] Himalayas, Tian Shan, Karakoram,Hindu Kush ranges
[C] Himalayas, Tian Shan, Karakoram, Kunlun, and Hindu Kush ranges
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: C [Himalayas, Tian Shan, Karakoram, Kunlun, and Hindu Kush ranges]

255. Which among the following defines Pyroclastics correctly ?

[A] Rocks composed solely or primarily of volcanic materials
[B] Gases which are non toxic arising mainly from volcanic materials
[C] Flowing lava
[D] Magma
Correct Answer: A [Rocks composed solely or primarily of volcanic materials]
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |
256. Which among the following soil horizons is called Humus?
[A] O Horizon
[B] A Horizon
[C] B Horizon
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: A [O Horizon]
Notes:
O is the uppermost layer and also called Organic Horizon
257. The part of Earth’s lithosphere that surfaces in the ocean basins is called ?
[A] Ocean floor
[B] Ocean crust
[C] Continental slope
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: B [Ocean crust]

258. Which among the following is formed by recrystallization of Silica found in Sandstone?
[A] Quartzite
[B] Genesis
[C] Marble
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: A [Quartzite]
Notes:
Quartzite is a hard metamorphic rock which was originally sandstone. Sandstone is converted into
quartzite through heating and pressure.
259. Soil at or below the freezing point of water for two or more years is called?
[A] Permafrost
[B] Kettle
[C] Drumlin
[D] Mist
Correct Answer: A [Permafrost]

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World Geography MCQs PDF [SSC, State PSC Exams]

260. When some forces cause two rock surfaces to come together , causing mechanical wearing or
grinding of their surfaces is called ?
[A] Abrasion
[B] Erosion
[C] Insolation
[D] Isolation
Correct Answer: A [Abrasion]

261. A bend in the rock due to compressional forces is called ?

[A] Faults
[B] Folds
[C] Graben
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: B [Folds]
Notes:
A bend in the rock strata resulting from compression of an area of the earth’s crust is known as Fold
Fault: A linear break in rocks of the earth’s crust along which there has been displacement in a
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

horizontal, vertical or oblique direction

262. El-Nino gets established in which of the following oceans?
[A] Indian Ocean
[B] Pacific ocean
[C] Atlantic Ocean
[D] Arctic Ocean
Correct Answer: B [Pacific ocean]

263. Ossetia is a point of contention between which of the following two nations?
[A] Russia & Estonia
[B] Russia & Ukraine
[C] Russia & Georgia
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: C [Russia & Georgia]

264. In which year Ceylon was renamed as Sri Lanka?

[A] 1960
[B] 1970
[C] 1972
[D] 1975
Correct Answer: C [1972]

265. The longest Estuary is on which of the following River?

[A] Amazon River
[B] Ob River
[C] Nile River
[D] Ganga River
Correct Answer: B [Ob River]

266. Which of the following two countries have largest electrified railway network in the world?
[A] Russia & US
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[B] US & China

[C] Russia & China
[D] India & US
Correct Answer: C [Russia & China]

267. Which of the following rivers makes the eastern border of France?
[A] Rhine
[B] Meuse
[C] Yeser
[D] Thames
Correct Answer: A [Rhine]
Notes:
Rhine flows through Switzerland, West Germany and Netherlands and forms the eastern border of
France
268. Which among the following is known as ” Doctor Wind”?
[A] Loo
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |
[B] Chinook
[C] Harmattan
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: C [Harmattan]
Notes:
Harmattan or the Doctor wind is a easterly or north-easterly wind that blows in West Africa in tropic of
cancer.
269. Which among the following is an area of evergreen forests?
[A] Amazon Basin
[B] Zaire Basin
[C] South-Eastern Asia
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: C [South-Eastern Asia]

270. Karen people are ethnic groups found in which of the following?
[A] Myanmar and Thailand
[B] Africa
[C] India
[D] China
Correct Answer: A [Myanmar and Thailand]

271. Which of the following are hunting nomads?

[A] Pygmies
[B] Kazaks
[C] Lapps
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: A [Pygmies]
Notes:
Pygmies are hunting nomads, Kazaks, Masai & Lapps are pastoral nomads
272. Which of the following regions dominates natural rubber production?
[A] USA
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[B] South East Asia

[C] Western Europe
[D] Asia
Correct Answer: B [South East Asia]

273. What is India’s Global rank in sugar production ?

[A] 1st
[B] 2nd
[C] 3rd
[D] 4th
Correct Answer: B [2nd]
Notes:
First-Brazil
274. Which among the following correctly defines Greater Mekong Sub region?
[A] It’s a geographical area in Cambodia, Laos & Myanmar
[B] It’s the basin of the Mekong River MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |
[C] It’s a development project
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: C [It’s a development project]
Notes:
Greater Mekong Sub region is not a geological region but a development project of the Asian
Development Bank (1992) that includes riparian states of the Mekong River basin viz. Cambodia, Laos,
Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, and the Yunnan Province of China
275. Which among the following branches of science deals with study of Mountains?
[A] Lithology
[B] Orology
[C] Paleontology
[D] Seismology
Correct Answer: B [Orology]

276. An eye of a cyclone is a central circular region characterized by which of the following?
[A] Towering thunderstorms
[B] Light winds and clear skies
[C] Most severe weather of a cyclone
[D] Winds with Highest Velocity
Correct Answer: B [Light winds and clear skies]

277. Which among the following is the most abundant element by mass in Earth’s Crust ?
[A] Iron
[B] Aluminum
[C] Nickel
[D] Oxygen
Correct Answer: D [Oxygen]
Notes:
Oxygen is the third most abundant element in the universe by mass after hydrogen and helium and the
most abundant element by mass in the Earth’s crust. Diatomic oxygen gas constitutes 20.9% of the
volume of air.

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World Geography MCQs PDF [SSC, State PSC Exams]

278. Horse latitudes are High Pressure Subtropical Calm belts which make an area that receives
little precipitation and has variable winds mixed with calm. These latitudes lie between which of
the following?
[A] between 20 and 25 degrees both north and south
[B] between 30 and 35 degrees both north and south
[C] between 25 and 30 degrees both north and south
[D] between 30 and 35 degrees north only
Correct Answer: B [between 30 and 35 degrees both north and south]

279. As per the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea , what is the territorial limit of
littoral states for exploitation of Oil & Gas in the seas?
[A] 200 Miles
[B] 350 Miles
[C] 300 miles
[D] 400 miles
Correct Answer: B [350 Miles] MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

280. About 90% of the world’s earthquakes and 80% of the world’s largest earthquakes occur along
the Ring of Fire. In which sea this Ring of Fire lies ?
[A] Himalayan Area
[B] Atlantic Ocean
[C] Pacific Ocean
[D] Mediterranean Area
Correct Answer: C [Pacific Ocean]
Notes:
Ring of Fire is a 40,000 km horseshoe shape in Pacific Ocean basin associated with a nearly continuous
series of oceanic trenches, volcanic arcs, and volcanic belts and/or plate movements.
281. How many main Tropical cyclone warning centers are there in the world?
[A] 5
[B] 6
[C] 7
[D] 8
Correct Answer: B [6]

282. Near which of the following countries a Tropical Storm will originate?
[A] England
[B] West Indies
[C] China
[D] Japan
Correct Answer: B [West Indies]
Notes:
Tropical cyclones originate in the doldrums near the equator, about 10° away from it.
283. A mountain range which extends along the southern margin of Eurasia. Stretching from Java
to Sumatra through the Himalayas, the Mediterranean, and out into the Atlantic is called?
[A] Alpide belt
[B] Eurasian plate
[C] Himalayan Belt
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[D] Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Correct Answer: A [Alpide belt]

284. What is the name of the mountain range in central Asia, where Russia, China, Mongolia and
Kazakhstan come together?
[A] Altai Mountains
[B] Sayan Mountains
[C] Ural Mountains
[D] Baikal Mountains
Correct Answer: A [Altai Mountains]
Notes:
Altai Mountains, also called as onion range
285. Arete,Cirque, Groove, Moraines, Flood planes etc are the landforms associated with which of
the following?
[A] Glacial Activity
[B] Fluvial Activity MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[C] Volcanic Activity

[D] Erosion Activity
Correct Answer: D [Erosion Activity]

286. What does an “Epicenter” of an earthquake means ?

[A] point of initial rupture
[B] point at ground level directly above the point of initial rupture
[C] Circle of earthquake disturbances
[D] geographical area affected by earthquake
Correct Answer: B [point at ground level directly above the point of initial rupture]
Notes:
point of initial rupture is called Hypocenter
287. In which country Chukha Valley project is located?
[A] Bangladesh
[B] Bhutan
[C] Pakistan
[D] Nepal
Correct Answer: B [Bhutan]

288. In which of the following oceans world’s largest island is located?.

[A] Atlantic
[B] Arctic
[C] Pacific
[D] Indian
Correct Answer: B [Arctic]

289. What is the other name of aurora borealis?

[A] northern polar lights
[B] southern polar lights
[C] Solar Winds
[D] Both A & B
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World Geography MCQs PDF [SSC, State PSC Exams]

Correct Answer: A [northern polar lights]

290. What is “Tropopause”?

[A] Inner layer of Earth’s crust
[B] Atmospheric boundary between the troposphere and the stratosphere
[C] Boundary between Equator and Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn
[D] Outermost layer of Earth’s Atmosphere
Correct Answer: B [Atmospheric boundary between the troposphere and the stratosphere]

291. A flash flood is a rapid flooding of geomorphic low-lying areas – washes, rivers and streams
distinguished from a regular flood by a timescale less than six hours. They are associated with
which among the following?
[A] Bad Drainage system of a geographical area
[B] heavy rain associated with a thunderstorm, hurricane, or tropical storm
[C] Earthquakes
[D] Perennial Rivers
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |
Correct Answer: B [heavy rain associated with a thunderstorm, hurricane, or tropical storm]

292. What is the difference of time on either side of the International Time Line?
[A] 0 Hours
[B] 12 Hours
[C] 20 Hours
[D] 24 Hours
Correct Answer: D [24 Hours]

293. At which among the following the “Quick Sand” will be found?
[A] Deltas
[B] Deserts
[C] riverbanks, near lakes, or in marshes
[D] Coastal Areas of Seas
Correct Answer: C [riverbanks, near lakes, or in marshes]

294. Standard time zones can be defined by geometrically subdividing the Earth’s spheroid into
how many parts?
[A] 12
[B] 24
[C] 36
[D] 48
Correct Answer: B [24]

295. At which of the following places Weight of a person will be maximum?

[A] At Poles
[B] At tropic of Capricorn
[C] At tropic of Cancer
[D] At equator
Correct Answer: A [At Poles]

296. Which among the following is not correctly matched?

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World Geography MCQs PDF [SSC, State PSC Exams]

[A] Holy Land – Palestine

[B] Island of Pearls – Baharein
[C] Key to Mediterranean – Gibraltor
[D] All are correctly matched
Correct Answer: D [All are correctly matched]

297. Which among the following is not correctly matched?

[A] 38th parallel : North Korea – South Korea
[B] Siegfried Line – Germany : France
[C] Maginot Line – France : Germany
[D] 49th parallel : USA – Mexico
Correct Answer: D [49th parallel : USA – Mexico]
Notes:
49th parallel : USA – Canada
298. Which among the following is older name of Zimbabwe?
[A] Rhodesia MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[B] Northern Rhodesia

[C] Southern Rhodesia
[D] Salisbury
Correct Answer: C [Southern Rhodesia]

299. Which among the following is not correctly matched?

[A] Lusaka, Zambia
[B] Victoria, Seychelles
[C] Porto-Novo, Benin
[D] All are correct
Correct Answer: D [All are correct]

300. Which among the following is also called as UN Nuclear Watchdog?

[A] Arms Control Association
[B] United Nations Atomic Energy Commission
[C] International Atomic Energy Agency
[D] Institute of Nuclear Materials Management
Correct Answer: C [International Atomic Energy Agency]
Notes:
IAEA , established as an autonomous organization on 29 July 1957. Though established independently of
the United Nations under its own international treaty it reports to both the General Assembly and the
Security Council.
301. Gulf of Eden has been frequently in news because of the following?
[A] Huge Reserves of Crude Oil
[B] The trilateral maritime issue between Myanmar, Bangladesh and India
[C] Pirates of Somalia
[D] Accidental collision of Submarines of US and Russia
Correct Answer: C [Pirates of Somalia]
Notes:
The gulf is known by the nickname Pirate Alley due to the large amount of pirate activity in the area.
302. In which type of rocks the Fossil Fuel can be found?
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[A] Igneous
[B] Sedimenatry
[C] Metamorphic
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: B [Sedimenatry]

303. Which among the following is an impact of heavy rainfall on soil?

[A] It decreases acidity and decreases fertility
[B] It increases alkalinity and decreases fertility
[C] It decreases alkalinity and decreases fertility
[D] It reduces the fertility
Correct Answer: D [It reduces the fertility]

304. In context with the international borders, Zero Point refers to an area on the border of which
of the following neighbors?
[A] China North Korea
[B] Iran Pakistan MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[C] Iran Iraq

[D] Pakistan Afghanistan
Correct Answer: B [Iran Pakistan]

305. What is the Modern name of a country which has Abyssinia as its old name?
[A] Ethiopia
[B] Egypt
[C] Lebanon
[D] Surinam
Correct Answer: A [Ethiopia]

306. Which among the following is the highest mountain in Europe?

[A] Mount Elbrus
[B] Alps
[C] Finne
[D] Bramwald
Correct Answer: A [Mount Elbrus]

307. Chamonix which is known for first Winter Olympic Games is located in which of the
following countries?
[A] Germany
[B] Italy
[C] Switzerland
[D] France
Correct Answer: D [France]

308. Van Diemen’s Land was the original name given to which of the following countries/ states?
[A] New Zealand
[B] Tasmania
[C] America
[D] Nigeria
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Correct Answer: B [Tasmania]

309. Rabat is located in which of the following countries?

[A] Benin
[B] Algeria
[C] Morocco
[D] Switzerland
Correct Answer: C [Morocco]

310. Which among the following statement is not correct?

[A] First man to step onto the Moon was American
[B] First man to orbit the earth was a Russian
[C] First man to voyage around Cape of Good Hope was a Portuguese
[D] First man to Discover New Zealand was a Portuguese
Correct Answer: D [First man to Discover New Zealand was a Portuguese]
Notes:
First man to Discover New Zealand & Tasmania was Abel Janszoon and he was a Dutch.
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

311. Forbidden city is located in which of the following countries?

[A] Korea
[B] Japan
[C] Italy
[D] China
Correct Answer: D [China]
Notes:
Forbidden city is located in middle of Beijing, China
312. Which among the following is a Biggest Sea by size?
[A] Mediterranean Sea
[B] South China Sea
[C] Gulf of Mexico
[D] Arabian Sea
Correct Answer: B [South China Sea]

313. Which among the following River is not in Asia?

[A] Amur
[B] Lena
[C] Mekong
[D] Berg
Correct Answer: D [Berg]
Notes:
Berg is in South Africa
314. Which among the following is the largest Bay of the world?
[A] Bay of Bengal
[B] Hudson Bay
[C] Blacksod Bay
[D] Sandy Bay, Gibraltar
Correct Answer: A [Bay of Bengal]

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315. Which among the following oceans is also called Herring pond?
[A] Atlantic Ocean
[B] Indian Ocean
[C] Pacific Ocean
[D] Arctic Ocean
Correct Answer: A [Atlantic Ocean]

316. Which among the following is not correct ?

[A] India’s highest airport is Leh Airport in Ladakh
[B] India’s Highest dam in Bhakhra Dam on Sutlej River
[C] Smallest Country in the world is Vatican City (By Area)
[D] Largest Archipelago in the world is Philippines
Correct Answer: D [Largest Archipelago in the world is Philippines]
Notes:
Largest Archipelago in the world is Indonesia (3000) islands
317. Puerto Rico Trench is located in which of the following oceans?
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[A] Arctic
[B] Atlantic
[C] Pacific
[D] Indian
Correct Answer: B [Atlantic]
Notes:
Its is second deepest trench after Mariana trench
318. In which of the following countries world’s largest Iron ore mine is located?
[A] India
[B] Russia
[C] Brazil
[D] China
Correct Answer: C [Brazil]

319. Which among the following is not correctly matched?

[A] Cassiterite – Tin
[B] Halite – Sulphu
[C] Pentlaudite – Nickel
[D] Halite-Zinc
Correct Answer: D [Halite-Zinc]
Notes:
Halite is Sodium Chloride or common salt
320. Which among the following forests are the best sources of Hardwoods?
[A] Evergreen Forests of Equatorial regions
[B] Coniferous forests
[C] Taiga
[D] Temperate forests around 50 degree latitude north and south
Correct Answer: A [Evergreen Forests of Equatorial regions]

321. Which among the following is not correct?

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[A] Maize is the native of America

[B] Brazil, Vietnam, Columbia and Indonesia are chief producers of coffee
[C] India & Bangladesh are chief producers of Jute
[D] Mulberry is a variety of Cotton produced in India
Correct Answer: D [Mulberry is a variety of Cotton produced in India]
Notes:
Mulberry is a variety of silk produced in India
322. Jhoom, Onam, Podu, Bewar etc. are examples of which of the following?
[A] Sedentary cultivation
[B] Shifting cultivation
[C] Terrace cultivation
[D] Dry Cultivation
Correct Answer: B [Shifting cultivation]

323. Which among the following is not correct ?

[A] Masai is a negro tribe of East Africa MANOJ
andKURANE
they are mostly cattle rearing tribes.
| [email protected] |

[B] Afridis and masuds are tribes of Pakistan

[C] Swahili is a group of aborigines in Kenya and Tanzania
[D] Red Indians are aborigines of South America
Correct Answer: D [Red Indians are aborigines of South America]
Notes:
Red Indians are aborigines of North America
324. Which among the following is a main constituent of Histosols?
[A] Acidic Salts
[B] Organic Matter
[C] Minerals
[D] Clay Content
Correct Answer: B [Organic Matter]

325. Which among the following is not correctly matched?

[A] Angel Falls – Venezuela
[B] Iguazu Falls – Argentina
[C] Niagara Falls – Canada
[D] Victoria Falls – Australia
Correct Answer: D [Victoria Falls – Australia]
Notes:
Victoria Falls -Zambia
326. In today’s environment, which among the following is the most active agent of Biological
weathering?
[A] Insects
[B] Wild animals
[C] Human beings
[D] Microbes
Correct Answer: C [Human beings]

327. Which among the following rivers in the world is known for maximum average discharge?

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[A] Nile
[B] Amazon
[C] Congo
[D] Ganges
Correct Answer: B [Amazon]

328. Bushmen are the native people from which of the following continents?
[A] North America
[B] South America
[C] Africa
[D] Asia
Correct Answer: C [Africa]

329. South East Ridge route is a climbing route to which of the following peaks?
[A] Mount Everest
[B] Kangchenjunga
[C] Dhaulagiri MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[D] Himalchuli
Correct Answer: A [Mount Everest]

330. International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre is located in:

[A] Manila
[B] Mexico City
[C] Oslo
[D] Paris
Correct Answer: B [Mexico City]

331. world’s largest integrated airport terminal is located at

[A] New York
[B] Beijing
[C] Washington
[D] Paris
Correct Answer: B [Beijing]

332. Larsemann Hills region is located in

[A] Europe
[B] Moon
[C] Antarctica
[D] Australia
Correct Answer: C [Antarctica]

333. Which of the following nations is famous among geographers as “Friendly Island“?
[A] Tokelau
[B] Tuvalu
[C] Tonga
[D] Marshall Islands.
Correct Answer: C [Tonga]

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334. Adelaide is the capital of which of the following territories of Australia?

[A] South Australia
[B] Queensland
[C] Western Australia
[D] Northern Territory
Correct Answer: A [South Australia]

335. Which among the following is not a correctly matched capital?

[A] Dominican Republic – Santo Domigo
[B] El Salvador – San Salvador
[C] Grenada – St. George’s
[D] All are correct
Correct Answer: D [All are correct]

336. Layer which separates the troposphere from the stratosphere is known as:
[A] lonosphere
[B] Tropopause MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[C] Mesosphere
[D] Thermosphere
Correct Answer: B [Tropopause]

337. Which among the following city in California is world famous for its sizeable Sikh
community?
[A] Chino Hills
[B] Yuba City
[C] Lakewood
[D] Santa Clara
Correct Answer: B [Yuba City]

338. Which among the following country owns the firsty permanent base in the area at Antarctica
defined by the Antarctic Treaty System?
[A] USA
[B] Canada
[C] USSR
[D] Argentina
Correct Answer: D [Argentina]

339. Which among the following territories was earlier known as Formosa?
[A] Hong Kong
[B] Taiwan
[C] Uzbekistan
[D] Kazakhstan
Correct Answer: B [Taiwan]

340. Which among the following accord is known to led the formation of Palestinian Authority?
[A] Oslo Accord
[B] Camp David Accord
[C] Sharm el-Sheikh Memorandum
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[D] London Agreement

Correct Answer: A [Oslo Accord]

341. The meaning of name which of the following country in Italian means “Little Venice”?
[A] Vietnam
[B] Venezuela
[C] Spain
[D] Bahamas
Correct Answer: B [Venezuela]

342. Which among the following countries does not border Uzbekistan?
[A] Russia
[B] Kyrgyzstan
[C] Tajikistan
[D] Afghanistan
Correct Answer: A [Russia]
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

343. Which among the following country’s territory shared the maximum in the Anatolia or Asia
Minor geographical region?
[A] Azerbaijan
[B] Bulgaria
[C] Turkey
[D] Lebanon
Correct Answer: C [Turkey]

344. Which of the following South Asian country was never took over by any European Power?
[A] Thailand
[B] Laos
[C] Burma
[D] Vietnam
Correct Answer: A [Thailand]

345. On which of the following dates, Sri Lanka observes its Independence day?
[A] February 3rd,
[B] March 16,
[C] May 22,
[D] February 4
Correct Answer: D [February 4]
Notes:
Sri lanka got independence on February 4, 1948
346. Which of the following European countries has Highest Muslim Population density?
[A] Bosnia and Herzegovina
[B] Albania
[C] Kosovo
[D] Turkey
Correct Answer: D [Turkey]

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World Geography MCQs PDF [SSC, State PSC Exams]

347. Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles is known to be a founder of which of the following modern
nations?
[A] Vatican City
[B] Singapore
[C] Cyprus
[D] New Zea Land
Correct Answer: B [Singapore]

348. Which of the following countries has largest reserves of Petroleum in the world?
[A] Iraq
[B] Iran
[C] Kuwait
[D] Saudi Arabia
Correct Answer: D [Saudi Arabia]

349. Which among the following referred to ‘Trucial States’?

[A] United States of America MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[B] United Arab Emirates

[C] Central African countries
[D] Caribbean Countries
Correct Answer: B [United Arab Emirates ]

350. Which among the following countries is known as oldest recorded sovereign state and
constitutional republic in the world?
[A] San Marino
[B] Monaco
[C] Malta
[D] UK
Correct Answer: A [San Marino ]

351. Which among the following African country has been traditionally a center of ethnic conflicts
between Hutus & Tutsi ethnic groups?
[A] Tanzania
[B] Nigeria
[C] Rwanda
[D] Sudan
Correct Answer: C [Rwanda]

352. Albania,Bosnia and Herzegovina ,Bulgaria ,Croatia ,Greece ,Macedonia etc. are known as
Balkan Countries. The term Balkan derived from the following landforms?
[A] A Lake
[B] A Sea
[C] A River
[D] A Mountain
Correct Answer: D [A Mountain]

353. Which among the following is world’s largest freshwater lake?

[A] Caspian Sea
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[B] Lake Baikal

[C] Lake Superior
[D] Lake Nero
Correct Answer: C [Lake Superior]
Notes:
World’s largest lake is Caspian Sea. However world’s largest freshwater lake in respect to the volume of
water is Lake Baikal. Michigan-Huron which is a single water body in United States & Canada is largest
Freshwater lake if considered one body by surface area. However Lake superior in US & Canada is
largest single lake with respect to surface area if Michigan-Huron is counted as two lakes. In this
condition if Michigan & Huron are third and fourth largest lakes.
Lake Baikal is also world’s deepest lake.
354. Which among the following organization is an best example of an agreement between
Oligopolists?
[A] GATT
[B] WTO
[C] WEF
[D] OPEC MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

Correct Answer: D [OPEC]

Notes:
The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is an intergovernmental organization
of twelve oil-producing countries made up of Algeria, Angola, Ecuador, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria,
Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Venezuela.
355. In which of the following temperature conditions the dominant vegetation is Tropical
deciduous forests?
[A] Megatherms
[B] Mesotherms
[C] Microtherms
[D] Hekistotherms
Correct Answer: B [Mesotherms]

356. Which among the following coal has highest carbon content ?
[A] Bituminous
[B] Anthracite
[C] Torbanite
[D] Lignite
Correct Answer: B [Anthracite]

357. Which among the following is a landlocked sea?

[A] Timor Sea
[B] Arafura Sea
[C] Green Land Sea
[D] Aral Sea
Correct Answer: D [Aral Sea]

358. In which country Black Hill, Blue Hill & Green Hill Mountains are located?
[A] USA
[B] Canada
[C] France

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[D] Italy
Correct Answer: A [USA]

359. Which are the two countries connected by Karakoram Pass?

[A] India & Pakistan
[B] India & China
[C] China & Pakistan
[D] India & Nepal
Correct Answer: B [India & China]

360. Chena Cultivation is common in which of the following countries?

[A] Thailand
[B] Sri Lanka
[C] China
[D] Nepal
Correct Answer: B [Sri Lanka]
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

361. Which of the following rivers is called “Father of African Rivers”?

[A] Nile River
[B] Niger River
[C] Gambia River
[D] Yobbe River
Correct Answer: A [Nile River]

362. Which of the following country has the official name of “Dhivehi Jumhuriya” in its local
language?
[A] Maldives
[B] Mauritius
[C] Thailand
[D] Cambodia
Correct Answer: A [Maldives]

363. World’s oldest co-educational boarding school Dollar Academy is located in which of the
following countries?
[A] United States
[B] Scotland
[C] Switzerland
[D] France
Correct Answer: B [Scotland]

364. Błędów Desert is located in which continent?

[A] Africa
[B] Europe
[C] Australia
[D] North America
Correct Answer: B [Europe]

365. Hubbert peak theory is related to which of the following?

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[A] Nuclear Energy

[B] Petroleum
[C] Currency Trade
[D] Metabolism
Correct Answer: B [Petroleum]

366. Approximately what fraction of world’s sugarcane is produced by Brazil?

[A] 1/2
[B] 1/3
[C] 1/4
[D] 3/4
Correct Answer: B [1/3]

367. Commonwealth of Nations which is normally called Commonwealth is an intergovernmental

organisation of how many independent member states?
[A] 52
[B] 53 MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[C] 56
[D] 58
Correct Answer: B [53]

368. Which among the following types of mountains are formed by the lifting up of land between
faults or by the sinking of land outside the faults?
[A] Block Mountains
[B] New Mountains
[C] Residual Mountains
[D] Fold Mountains
Correct Answer: A [Block Mountains]

369. Northern hemisphere is considered as more suitable for deep-space observation. Which
among the following is a correct reason for this?
[A] North Pole faces galactic centre of the Milky Way
[B] North Pole faces away from galactic centre of the Milky Way
[C] North Pole is farthest from Sun all around a year
[D] Earth is inclined 1.57869° to Invariable plane
Correct Answer: B [North Pole faces away from galactic centre of the Milky Way]

370. In 2001, the North Magnetic Pole was determined by the Geological Survey of Canada to lie
near which of the following Canadian Island?
[A] Baffin Island
[B] Victoria Island
[C] Ellesmere Island
[D] Newfoundland
Correct Answer: C [Ellesmere Island]

371. Who among the following is known as the first to measure the distance round the earth and
also known as Father of Geometry?
[A] Eratosthenes
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[B] Euclid
[C] Happarchus
[D] Galileo
Correct Answer: B [Euclid]

372. Which among the following is a correct definition of Aggradation?

[A] Floodplain Deposits can raise the elevation of the stream bed
[B] Channel deposits can raise the elevation at the banks of stream
[C] growth of a river delta farther out into the sea over time
[D] landward change in position of the front of a river delta with time
Correct Answer: A [Floodplain Deposits can raise the elevation of the stream bed]

373. world’s largest Geothermal Power Plant is located at?

[A] USA
[B] Canada
[C] Kenya
[D] China MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

Correct Answer: A [USA]

Notes:
The plant is at The Geysers, a geothermal field in California, United States.
374. Death Valley is located in which desert?
[A] Mojave Desert
[B] Colorado Desert
[C] Amargosa Desert
[D] Taklamakan Desert,
Correct Answer: A [Mojave Desert]

375. Which among the following is not an Ore?

[A] Chalcopyrite
[B] Sphalerite
[C] Cinnabar
[D] Andesite
Correct Answer: D [Andesite]
Notes:
Andesite is an Igneous Rock
376. Niamey is the capital of which of the following African Countries?
[A] Niger
[B] Burkina Faso
[C] Chad
[D] Algeria
Correct Answer: A [Niger]

377. A famous palaentological hoax related to the finding of the remains of a previously unknown
early human known as Piltdown Man was found in which of the following countries?
[A] Germany
[B] England
[C] Australia
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[D] France
Correct Answer: B [England]

378. Which of the following is largest river system in the United States?
[A] Potomac
[B] Colorado
[C] Mississippi
[D] Columbia
Correct Answer: C [Mississippi]

379. Seikan Tunnel which is a Railway tunnel with less than half length under seabed is located in
which country?
[A] Japan
[B] South Korea
[C] North Korea
[D] China
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |
Correct Answer: A [Japan]

380. Guantánamo Bay is located in which country?

[A] Cuba
[B] Haiti
[C] Bahmas
[D] Trinidad and Tobago
Correct Answer: A [Cuba]

381. Broad lower course of a river that is encroached on by the sea and affected by the tides is also
known as _______?
[A] Bay
[B] Estuary
[C] Delta
[D] Pocket Beach
Correct Answer: B [Estuary]

382. Which among the following country is also known as the last remnant of the former Papal
States?
[A] San Marino
[B] Monaco
[C] Malta
[D] Vatican City
Correct Answer: D [Vatican City]

383. After Brazil, which among the following is the second largest country in South America?
[A] Columbia
[B] Argentina
[C] Peru
[D] Chile
Correct Answer: B [Argentina]

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World Geography MCQs PDF [SSC, State PSC Exams]

384. Bahrain, an Arab State is an archipelago. The largest island is Bahrain Island which is 55 km
long by 18 km wide. How many total islands are there in Kingdom of Bahrain ?
[A] 25
[B] 33
[C] 36
[D] 40
Correct Answer: B [33]

385. which of the following is not correctly matched?

[A] Benin : Porto Novo
[B] Bulgaria ; Sofia
[C] Columbia : Bogota
[D] Costa Rica: Cartago
Correct Answer: D [Costa Rica: Cartago]
Notes:
San Jose is capital of Costa Rica
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

386. Which of the following country is known as Pearl of the Caribbean Sea?
[A] Cuba
[B] Anguilla
[C] Bahamas
[D] Jamaica
Correct Answer: A [Cuba]

387. Which of the following country is known as Kalaallit Nunaat, meaning “Land of the people”?
[A] Estonia
[B] Greenland
[C] Iceland
[D] Panama
Correct Answer: B [Greenland]

388. Which among the following is a Dependency of United States?

[A] Clipperton
[B] Puerto Rico
[C] Aruba
[D] Montserrat
Correct Answer: B [Puerto Rico]

389. Tegucigalpa is the capital city of which of the following countries?

[A] Honduras
[B] El Salvador
[C] Nicargua
[D] Guatemala
Correct Answer: A [Honduras]

390. Which among the following is a correct location of Strait of Magellan?

[A] South of South America
[B] Pacific Ocean and South Atlantic Ocean

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World Geography MCQs PDF [SSC, State PSC Exams]

[C] North Africa & Asia

[D] North America & Japan
Correct Answer: B [Pacific Ocean and South Atlantic Ocean]

391. Which of the following African Country was formerly known as Nyasaland?
[A] Tanzania
[B] Malawi.
[C] Mozambique
[D] Botswana
Correct Answer: B [Malawi.]

392. Which among the following mountains separate the Iberian Peninsula from the rest of
continental Europe?
[A] Carbet Mountains
[B] Jura Mountains
[C] Pyrenees
[D] Mont Blanc Massif MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

Correct Answer: C [Pyrenees]

Notes:
They also form a natural border between France and Spain
393. While going towards the centre of the earth, the weight of a body shall ?
[A] Increase
[B] Decrease
[C] Remain Constant
[D] Become infinite
Correct Answer: B [Decrease]

394. In which year World Meteorological Organization came into existence?

[A] 1948
[B] 1950
[C] 1952
[D] 1955
Correct Answer: B [1950]

395. Schengen Area comprises the territories of 25 European countries that have implemented an
agreement signed in Schengen, Luxembourg, in 1985. How many countries are members of the
Schengen area, but not part of the European Union?
[A] 1
[B] 2
[C] 3
[D] 4
Correct Answer: C [3]

396. Greenland comes Under which of the following Jurisdiction ?

[A] Dutch
[B] Norwegian
[C] US

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[D] Danish
Correct Answer: D [Danish]

397. Which of the following strait separates USA & Russia?

[A] Fram Strait
[B] M’Clure Strait
[C] Semiostrovskiy Reid
[D] Bering Strait
Correct Answer: D [Bering Strait]

398. A solstice represents _______?

[A] Longest day of the year
[B] Shortest Day of the year
[C] Either longest or shortest day of the Year
[D] Solar eclipse
Correct Answer: C [Either longest or shortest day of the Year]
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

399. Which of the following is world’s largest producer of Aluminum smelter?

[A] India
[B] China
[C] USA
[D] Australia
Correct Answer: B [China]

400. Which among the following country is the world’s leading producer of synthetic industrial
diamond
[A] United states
[B] Congo
[C] China
[D] South Africa
Correct Answer: C [China]

401. Which of the following straits connects the Pacific Ocean to the east with the Indian Ocean to
the west, linking Asia with the Middle East and Europe, carrying about 40 percent of the world’s
trade?
[A] Malacca Strait
[B] Bali Strait
[C] Badung Strait
[D] Lombok Strait
Correct Answer: A [Malacca Strait]

402. Most of the Food Crops of Africa are _________?

[A] Cereal Crops
[B] Root Crops
[C] Cash Crops
[D] Oil Crops
Correct Answer: B [Root Crops]

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403. By which name the United Principalities of Moldavia and Walachia are known as today?
[A] Bulgaria
[B] Hungary
[C] Serbia
[D] Romania
Correct Answer: D [Romania]

404. Ouagadougou is the capital of which of the following countries? (It is also known as Ouaga)
[A] Burkina Faso
[B] Mali
[C] Niger
[D] Benin
Correct Answer: A [Burkina Faso]

405. What is the total number of British overseas territories?

[A] 10
[B] 12 MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[C] 14
[D] 16
Correct Answer: C [14]
Notes:
Anguilla,Bermuda,British Virgin Islands, the Cayman Islands, the Falkland Islands, Gibraltar,
Montserrat, St Helena and Dependencies (Ascension Island and Tristan da Cunha), the Turks and Caicos
Islands, Pitcairn Island, South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands, and the Sovereign Base Areas on
Cyprus
406. Hamilton is the Capital of which of the following British overseas territories?
[A] Anguilla
[B] Bermuda
[C] Cayman Islands
[D] Gibraltar
Correct Answer: B [Bermuda]

407. Which of the following is also known as Van Diemen’s Land?

[A] Tasmania
[B] Greenland
[C] Arizona
[D] Peru
Correct Answer: A [Tasmania]

408. Hagia Sophia is located in which country?

[A] Germany
[B] France
[C] Turkey
[D] Russia
Correct Answer: C [Turkey]

409. In which of the following countries the largest fraction of total electrcity supply is atomic
energy?

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[A] South Korea

[B] France
[C] Japan
[D] Germany
Correct Answer: B [France]

410. For which of the following commodity / mineral the Shenshi and shanshi regions of China are
world famous?
[A] Iron
[B] Coal
[C] Diamond
[D] Petroleum
Correct Answer: B [Coal]

411. Barents Sea in the Arctic Ocean has been controversial over the maritime boundary between:
[A] Russia & Norway
[B] Norway and Finland MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[C] Finland & Russia

[D] Russia & Denmark
Correct Answer: A [Russia & Norway]

412. world’s longest seawall is located in:

[A] China
[B] South Korea
[C] North Korea
[D] Japam
Correct Answer: B [South Korea]

413. Eyjafjallajökull volcano is located in which country?

[A] Ireland
[B] Iceland
[C] Switzerland
[D] Italy
Correct Answer: B [Iceland]

414. What is the current number of Time Zones in Russia?

[A] 9
[B] 10
[C] 11
[D] 12
Correct Answer: C [11]
Notes:
At present (2019), there are eleven time zones in Russia, which currently observe times ranging from
UTC+02:00 to UTC+12:00. Daylight saving time is not used in Russia (since March 2011).
415. For how many hours in a day , the people of Norway experience Sunlight from late May to late
July?
[A] 4 hours

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[B] 12 hours
[C] 20 hours
[D] 22 hours
Correct Answer: C [20 hours]
Notes:
The question may be reframed as which of the following countries is known as Land of Midnight Sun
with keeping Norway in one of the options. Norway falls in Arctic circle. The high latitude leads to large
seasonal variations in daylight. From late May to late July, the sun never completely descends beneath
the horizon in areas north of the Arctic Circle and that is why it is known as Land of Midnight Sun. the
phenomena is seen in Arctic as well as Antarctic circles. Sun is visible for a continuous 24 hours, mostly
north of the Arctic Circle and south of the Antarctic Circle.
416. Which among the following is the largest tropical lake in the world?
[A] Lake Victoria
[B] Lake Malawi
[C] Lake Kivu
[D] Lake Turkana
Correct Answer: A [Lake Victoria] MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

417. Which among the following is not a local wind?

[A] Sirocco
[B] Punas
[C] Mistral
[D] Kikuyu
Correct Answer: D [Kikuyu]
Notes:
Some Important Local Winds:
1- Chinook- Hot, dry wind in Rockies, also called `snow eater`.
2- Foehn- Hot, dry wind in the Alps
3- Khamsin- Hot, dry wind in Egypt.
4- Sirocco- Hot, moist wind from Sahara to Mediterranean Sea
5- Solano- Hot, moist wind from Sahara towards Iberian Peninsula
6- Harmattan- Hot, dry wind blowing outwards from the interior of W.Africa, also called Guinea Doctor.
7- Bora- Cold, dry wind blowing outwards from Hungary to the north of Italy (near Adriatic Sea).
8- Mistral- Very cold wind, which blows from the Alps over France
9- Punas- Cold, dry wind blowing down towards the western side of Andes.
10- Blizzard- Very cold winds in Tundra region
11- Purga- Cold wind in Russian tundra
12- Levanter- Cold wind in Spain
13- Norwester- Hot wind in New Zealand
14- Santa Ana- Hot wind in S. California in USA.
Kikuyu, is most populous ethnic group or tribe of Kenya
418. Which among the following is the most populous country of Africa?
[A] Niger
[B] Nigeria
[C] Egypt
[D] Algeria
Correct Answer: B [Nigeria]

419. Which of the following present day country was included in Ariana?
[A] Australia
[B] Afghanistan
[C] Israel
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[D] Canada
Correct Answer: B [Afghanistan]

420. What is the capital of Ecuador?

[A] Bogotá
[B] Asunción
[C] Lima
[D] Quinto
Correct Answer: D [Quinto]

421. Which among the following is the correct location of Earth’s magnetosphere?
[A] Near the centre of Earth
[B] Below Ionosphere
[C] Beyond Ionosphere
[D] Within 12-16 kms of Earth’s surface
Correct Answer: C [Beyond Ionosphere]
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

422. Oxygen-18 has been frequently used in Palaeoclimatology to measure / estimate climate
changes in the history of Earth. Consider the following statements in this context:
1. It helps in measuring the average atmospheric temperature
2. Water molecules containing the heavier O-18 evaporate at a higher temperature
3. When temperature increases the Ratio of O-18 to O-16 will be higher
Which among the above statements are correct ?
[A] 1 and 2 only
[B] 1 and 3 only
[C] 2 & 3 only
[D] all 1, 2, 3
Correct Answer: C [2 & 3 only]
Notes:
measuring the average oceanic surface temperature
423. What is Chernozem?
[A] Deltaic alluvial soil
[B] Lateric soil
[C] Red and yellow Soil
[D] Black Soil
Correct Answer: D [Black Soil]

424. The unit less measure of Earth’s reflectivity which is combined effect of all shortwave losses
is known as ___?
[A] Earth Scattering
[B] Earth Radiation
[C] Earth Albedo
[D] Polar See-saw
Correct Answer: C [Earth Albedo]

425. Due to which of the following winds, Central Europe enjoys a warmer climate ?
[A] Chinook

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[B] Foehn
[C] Zonda
[D] Bergwind
Correct Answer: B [Foehn]

426. The aeration zone in earth’s lithosphere lies at ___?

[A] Above earth surface
[B] Below earth surface & above Water Table
[C] Below Earth’s surface and parallel to water table
[D] Below earth’s surface and below water table
Correct Answer: B [Below earth surface & above Water Table]

427. The correct location of Milwaukee Deep is ___________?

[A] Puerto Rico Trench
[B] Cayman Trough
[C] Manila Trench
[D] Hikurangi Trench MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

Correct Answer: A [Puerto Rico Trench]

Notes:
It is the deepest part of the Atlantic Ocean and is part of the Puerto Rico Trench
428. Which among the following is the tide of minimum rise?
[A] Spring Tide
[B] Low Tide
[C] Ebb Tide
[D] None of them
Correct Answer: B [Low Tide]

429. What is the approximate interval between spring tide and neap tides?
[A] 7 days
[B] 15 days
[C] 20 days
[D] 30 days
Correct Answer: A [7 days]

430. Which among the following tunnel connects France and Italy?
[A] Mont Blanc Tunnel
[B] St. Gothard Tunnel
[C] Queens way Tunnel
[D] Orange Fish Rivers Tunnel
Correct Answer: A [Mont Blanc Tunnel]

431. Which among the following is the correct term for the inner portion of moon’s shadow?
[A] Umbra
[B] Penumbra
[C] Antumbra
[D] Adularescence
Correct Answer: A [Umbra]

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432. Which among the following is the most recent in the geologic time scale of the International
Commission on Stratigraphy?
[A] Tertiary Period
[B] Quaternary Period
[C] Cretaceous Era
[D] Oligocene
Correct Answer: B [Quaternary Period]

433. Which among the following types of dunes are most rare?
[A] Crescentic
[B] Linear
[C] Star
[D] Dome
Correct Answer: D [Dome]

434. How many countries of Southern Africa make Southern African Customs Union (SACU)?
[A] 3 MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[B] 4
[C] 5
[D] 7
Correct Answer: C [5]
Notes:
Republic of South Africa, Botswana, Lesotho and Swaziland & Namibia
435. Which of the following part of Africa is called “Horn of Africa”?
[A] westernmost projection of the African continent.
[B] easternmost projection of the African continent.
[C] southernmost part of the African continent.
[D] North west part of African continent.
Correct Answer: B [easternmost projection of the African continent.]

436. Find out the correct location of McMurdo Dry Valleys the hyper saline water bodies on dry
land?
[A] Africa
[B] Central Asia
[C] North America
[D] Antarctica
Correct Answer: D [Antarctica]

437. The Gulf of Thailand borders Cambodia from which of the following directions?
[A] East
[B] West
[C] North
[D] South
Correct Answer: D [South]

438. Which among the following is not a Landlocked Country?

[A] Austria

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[B] Hungary
[C] Paraguay
[D] Mozambique
Correct Answer: D [Mozambique]

439. The “Red Tides” which are found in marine coastal areas such as “Florida red tide” that occurs
in the Gulf of Mexico, is considered to be responsible for bioaccumulation and making local filter
feeding organisms such as mussels and oysters toxic. Due to which of the following the “Red
Tides”
Occur?
[A] Bacteria
[B] Algae
[C] Fungi
[D] Toxic Wastes of the Industries
Correct Answer: B [Algae]

440. Which among the following is not correctly matched? (Location of some countries)
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[A] Benin – Western Africa

[B] Botswana -Southern Africa
[C] Uganda – Eastern Africa
[D] Togo -Central Africa
Correct Answer: D [Togo -Central Africa]
Notes:
Togo is in West Africa bordered by Ghana to the west, Benin to the east and Burkina Faso to the north
441. Dendrochronology is the scientific method of dating based on the analysis of patterns of tree-
rings. In a tree from which of the following zones, the analyzing the circles would be most easy?
[A] Tropical Rain Forests
[B] Temperate Zones
[C] Polar Tundra
[D] Taiga
Correct Answer: B [Temperate Zones]
Notes:
Temperate Zones, because of the maximum seasonal variations the rings are more clear.
442. Which of the following country is the largest producer of Uranium?
[A] Australia
[B] Canada
[C] Russia
[D] France
Correct Answer: B [Canada]

443. Bessemer process has been used in which of the following industries?
[A] Coal
[B] Aluminum
[C] Steel
[D] Fertilizers
Correct Answer: C [Steel]

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444. Which among the following is the most populous democracy in the world?
[A] China
[B] India
[C] USA
[D] Indonesia
Correct Answer: B [India]

445. KKS Harbour is located in:

[A] Jafna
[B] Seoul
[C] Kolkata
[D] Chennai
Correct Answer: A [Jafna]

446. Which among the following is least densely populated?

[A] Maldives
[B] Mauritius MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[C] Bhutan
[D] Nepal
Correct Answer: C [Bhutan]

447. Which among the following is known as “Coffee Port” of the world?
[A] Rio de Janeiro
[B] Santos
[C] Buenos Aires
[D] Santiago
Correct Answer: B [Santos]
Notes:
Santos is the outer port of Sao Paulo in Brazil and is known as Coffee port of the world
448. Mohorovičić discontinuity is also known as a boundary between ____?
[A] Earth’s crust and mantle
[B] Sial and Sima
[C] Lithosphere and Exosphere
[D] Mantle and Earth’s Core
Correct Answer: A [Earth’s crust and mantle]

449. Which of the following is present in the largest amount in terms of percent by mass in the
Earth’s Crust?
[A] Hydrogen
[B] Oxygen
[C] Silicon
[D] Calcium
Correct Answer: B [Oxygen]

450. Which among the following continent is with the highest mean elevation in the world?
[A] North America
[B] Asia

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[C] South America

[D] Antarctica
Correct Answer: D [Antarctica]

451. Acasta Gneiss is located in which country?

[A] Brazil
[B] Chile
[C] Canada
[D] Peru
Correct Answer: C [Canada]

452. Which among the following is a correct Chronological Order of periods in the Geological
Time Scale?
[A] Ordovician, Permian, Jurassic, Paleogene
[B] Jurassic, Paleogene, Ordovician, Permian,
[C] Permian, Ordovician, Jurassic, Paleogene
[D] Ordovician, Permian,Paleogene, Jurassic
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

Correct Answer: A [Ordovician, Permian, Jurassic, Paleogene]

453. which among the following events on earth led to formation of most of the minerals found
today?
[A] Great Oxygenation Event
[B] Cambrian-Ordovician extinction Event
[C] K T Event
[D] Permian-Triassic extinction” event
Correct Answer: A [Great Oxygenation Event]

454. During which period the Continental Drift has almost stopped?
[A] Quaternary Period
[B] Neogene Period
[C] Paleogene Period
[D] Cenozoic Era
Correct Answer: A [Quaternary Period]

455. Cinder cone” is a phenomenon related to which of the following ?

[A] Tides
[B] Whirlpools
[C] Tropical Storms
[D] Volcanoes
Correct Answer: D [Volcanoes]

456. Which among the following soil type has a property of holding moisture for release of plants
during the dry period?
[A] Alluvial
[B] Black
[C] Lateritic
[D] Red & Yellow

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Correct Answer: B [Black]

457. Water hyacinth is a free floating weed, which infests an estimated 200,000 hectares of the
India’s waterways, choking off plant, fish, and animal growth. This weed was introduced in India
before 1900 from which of the following regions?
[A] North America
[B] South America
[C] Australia
[D] Africa
Correct Answer: B [South America]

458. Solar Valley, world’s largest solar water heater manufacturer is located in which of the
following countries?
[A] Australia
[B] Japan
[C] China
[D] Germany MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

Correct Answer: C [China]

459. Which among the following country is considered to be the Origin of Coffee Plant?
[A] Vietnam
[B] Brazil
[C] Peru
[D] Ethiopia
Correct Answer: D [Ethiopia]

460. Bring out the sea which has no coastline?

[A] White Sea
[B] Tasmanian Sea
[C] Sargasso Sea
[D] Japan Sea
Correct Answer: C [Sargasso Sea]

461. Chuquicamata in Chile is famous for which of the following ores?

[A] Iron
[B] Copper
[C] Zinc
[D] Uranium
Correct Answer: B [Copper]

462. Which among the following is the highest milk producing goat in India?
[A] Barbari
[B] Jamnapari
[C] Block Bengal
[D] Beetal
Correct Answer: B [Jamnapari]

463. Shakespeare beach is located in which country?

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[A] France
[B] England
[C] Canada
[D] Italy
Correct Answer: B [England]

464. What is the total number of Landlocked Developing Countries in the World ?
[A] 29
[B] 31
[C] 33
[D] 35
Correct Answer: C [33]

465. Margosa oil is obtained from which of the following trees?

[A] Babul
[B] Neem
[C] Ficus MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[D] Bamboo
Correct Answer: B [Neem]

466. International Network of Bamboo & Rattan (INBAR) is located at:

[A] Guwahati
[B] Colombo
[C] Beijing
[D] Dhaka
Correct Answer: C [Beijing]

467. Which of the following islands is divided into Brunei, Indonesia and Malaysia?
[A] Sebatik Island
[B] Island of Borneo
[C] Madura Island
[D] Island of Siberut
Correct Answer: B [Island of Borneo]

468. Which among the following is the correct distance from the coast is known as Territorial
waters?
[A] 20 Nautical Miles
[B] 30 Nautical Miles
[C] 12 Nautical Miles
[D] 15 Nautical Miles
Correct Answer: C [12 Nautical Miles]

469. On which of the following dates, the amplitude of the tides would be maximum?
[A] January 3, New Moon
[B] January 3, Moon in second quarter
[C] July 6, Full Moon
[D] December 21, New moon

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Correct Answer: A [January 3, New Moon]

470. Which among the following is the correct definition of Tidal Flat?
[A] The sands uncovered by the low tides
[B] A Tidal phenomenon in which the leading edge of the incoming tide forms a wave (or waves) of
water that travel up a river or narrow bay against the direction of the river or bay’s current.
[C] Area of the sea shore or shore of water body which is exposed to air at low tides and water at
high tides
[D] Difference between the height of water at low and high tide
Correct Answer: A [The sands uncovered by the low tides]

471. Which among the following country is world’s largest tea exporter?
[A] Sri Lanka
[B] Kenya
[C] India
[D] China
Correct Answer: B [Kenya] MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

472. Catimor, is a hybrid variety of which of the following crops?

[A] Coffee
[B] Pepper
[C] Cotton
[D] Jute
Correct Answer: A [Coffee]

473. The islands of Yeonpyeong , have been a disputed territory between which of the following?
[A] North Korea and South Korea
[B] North Korea and Japan
[C] North Korea and China
[D] South Korea and Japan
Correct Answer: A [North Korea and South Korea]

474. The dispute over Kuril Islands is among which of the following two countries?
[A] Russia & North Korea
[B] Russia and China
[C] Japan & China
[D] Russia & Japan
Correct Answer: D [Russia & Japan]

475. Which among the following is the most densely populated country in South Asia ?
[A] Bangladesh
[B] Pakistan
[C] Sri Lanka
[D] Maldives
Correct Answer: A [Bangladesh]

476. The ONLY active volcano of South Asia is located in which of the following countries?
[A] India

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[B] Sri Lanka

[C] Maldives
[D] Mauritius
Correct Answer: A [India]

477. “Carnauba wax” is produced in which country?

[A] Brazil
[B] Egypt
[C] Japan
[D] South Korea
Correct Answer: A [Brazil]

478. Volta River project is located in which country ?

[A] Kenya
[B] Ghana
[C] Nigeria
[D] Congo
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

Correct Answer: B [Ghana]

479. “Qomolangm” refers to which among the following peaks ?

[A] Mount Kailash
[B] Mount Everest
[C] K2
[D] Kangchenjunga
Correct Answer: B [Mount Everest]

480. The word “El Niño” comes from which among the following languages?
[A] Arabic
[B] French
[C] Spanish
[D] Portuguese
Correct Answer: C [Spanish]

481. Which among the following is the windiest place on earth?

[A] North Pole
[B] Indian Ocean
[C] Antarctica
[D] Gobi Desert
Correct Answer: C [Antarctica]

482. In which country is located ‘ Al ‘Aziziyah, the hottest place on earth is located?
[A] Libya
[B] Nigeria
[C] Sudan
[D] Congo
Correct Answer: A [Libya]

483. The Hindu and Jain mythology refer to which among the following as the centre of the
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universe?
[A] Mount Kailas
[B] Ujjain
[C] Mount Meru
[D] Pushkar Lake
Correct Answer: C [Mount Meru]

484. In which among the following plants the Tree Rings are most prominent?
[A] Polar plants
[B] Tropical plants
[C] Sub-tropical plants
[D] Temperate plants
Correct Answer: D [Temperate plants]

485. Which among the following is a Local wind?

[A] Fohn
[B] Trade wind MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[C] Westerly wind

[D] Doldrums
Correct Answer: A [Fohn]

486. Which among the following would be the longest day in Australia?
[A] June 21
[B] September 22
[C] December 22
[D] March 23
Correct Answer: C [December 22]

487. Approximately what fraction of World’s Mangrove vegetation is in India?

[A] 3%
[B] 6%
[C] 9%
[D] 12%
Correct Answer: A [3%]

488. Mount Logan is the highest point of which among the following countries?
[A] United States
[B] Canada
[C] Mexico
[D] Brazil
Correct Answer: B [Canada]

489. Newcastle Port, the world’s largest coal export port is located in which country?
[A] Canada
[B] Australia
[C] Mexico
[D] USA

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Correct Answer: B [Australia]

490. Which among the following countries has the largest reserves of Natural Gas in the world?
[A] Australia
[B] United States
[C] Russia
[D] China
Correct Answer: C [Russia]

491. Asthenosphere is located at?

[A] Above stratosphere
[B] Below Ionsphere
[C] Below Lithosphere
[D] Above Lithosphere
Correct Answer: C [Below Lithosphere]

492. Mount Kilimanjaro is located in which country

MANOJ KURANE ?
| [email protected] |

[A] Ghana
[B] Kenya
[C] Tanzania
[D] Namibia
Correct Answer: C [Tanzania]

493. Which among the following country is the Southernmost Landlocked Country?
[A] Malawi
[B] Mali
[C] Lesotho
[D] Niger
Correct Answer: C [Lesotho]

494. Which among the following is the correct location of the group of Island states called
Federated States of Micronesia?
[A] Western Pacific Ocean
[B] Atlantic Ocean
[C] Indian Ocean
[D] Arabian Sea
Correct Answer: A [Western Pacific Ocean]

495. One species of Coffee called Coffea charrieriana is free of Cafeine. In which of the following
countries Coffea charrieriana is grown?
[A] Vietnam
[B] Cameroon
[C] Liberia
[D] Yemen
Correct Answer: B [Cameroon]
Notes:
Coffea liberica is a species that originated in Liberia. Its variety Baraco is a major crop in Philippines.
Coffea arabica is indigenous to Ethiopia and Arab world. It is also known as Coffee Shrub of Arabia and is
believed to be the first variety of Coffee to be cultivated.
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Coffea charrieriana is a coffee that is free of caffeine. It is found in Cameroon.

Mocha Coffee or Cafe mocha is derived from Coffea Arabica. This name derived from the Mocha town of
Yemen. Yemen was the largest producer and exporter of Mocha Coffee
496. The largest contiguous cotton-growing region in the world is located in which among the
following countries?
[A] China
[B] India
[C] United States
[D] Pakistan
Correct Answer: C [United States]
Notes:
The area of the United States known as the South Plains is the largest contiguous cotton-growing region
in the world
497. In which of the following countries, the weight of cotton in a bale is maximum among all ?
[A] United States
[B] China
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |
[C] Egypt
[D] France
Correct Answer: C [Egypt]

498. Which among the following is the correct location of the Chukchi Sea?
[A] Western Pacific Ocean
[B] North Atlantic Ocean
[C] Southern Pacific Ocean
[D] Arctic Ocean
Correct Answer: D [Arctic Ocean]

499. The mean elevation of Antarctica is near to which among the following values?
[A] 4500 ft
[B] 5500 ft
[C] 6500 ft
[D] 7500 ft
Correct Answer: D [7500 ft]
Notes:
Mean elevation is 7516 ft and it is the continent with highest mean elevation.
500. The Wakhan Corridor makes a land link between which among the following two neighbors?
[A] Afghanistan & Tajikistan
[B] Afghanistan & Uzbekistan
[C] Afghanistan and Kyrgyzstan
[D] Afghanistan & China
Correct Answer: D [Afghanistan & China]

501. Makran is located in which among the following ?

[A] Arabian Sea
[B] Indian Ocean near southern coast of Sri Lanka
[C] Bay of Bengal
[D] Mediterranean Sea

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Correct Answer: A [Arabian Sea]

502. Which among the following Isthumuses has been known as “The Devil’s Neck”?
[A] Kra Isthmus
[B] Isthmus of Panama
[C] Karelian Isthmus
[D] Isthmus of Corinth
Correct Answer: A [Kra Isthmus]
Notes:
Kra Isthmus connects the Malay Peninsula with the mainland of Asia and is known as Devil`s neck.
503. Which among the following two countries are separated by the Straits of Johor?
[A] Korea and Japan
[B] Singapore and Malaysia
[C] Denmark and Sweden
[D] Singapore and Indonesia
Correct Answer: B [Singapore and Malaysia]
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

Notes:
Singapore and Malaysia are separated by the Straits of Johor. Singapore Strait is located between
Singapore and Indonesia (Sumatra), Korea Strait separates from the Korea to Japan, Denmark and
Sweden are separated by Oresund strait.
504. Comparing to other regions, the day night temperature difference will be maximum in which
among the following regions?
[A] Tundra
[B] Mediterranean
[C] Tropical Deserts
[D] Equatorial
Correct Answer: C [Tropical Deserts]
Notes:
In Tropical deserts, the nightes are like winters.
505. In context with the tides, if a high tide occurs at a particular place at 8.00 AM. What time we
can expect the next high tide?
[A] 8.00 PM
[B] 8.10 PM
[C] 8.12 PM
[D] 8.25 PM
Correct Answer: D [8.25 PM]

506. Which among the following is the single largest irrigated area in the world?
[A] Indus Valley
[B] Brahamputra Valley
[C] Ganga Basin
[D] Mahanadi Basin
Correct Answer: A [Indus Valley]
Notes:
Indus Valley in Pakistan is the largest single irrigated area on Earth, covering around 9X10^6 hactares
which is equal to the total irrigated area of the United States.
507. Copper is mainly found in the form of Sulfide deposits, Carbonate deposits and Silicate
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deposits. Which among the following is the correct set of the copper ores in the same order
respectively?
[A] Chalcopyrite, Azurite, Dioptase
[B] Azurite,Dioptase, Chalcopyrite
[C] Dioptase, Chalcopyrite, Azurite
[D] Dioptase, Azurite, Chalcopyrite
Correct Answer: A [Chalcopyrite, Azurite, Dioptase]

508. Which among the following is the correct set of three largest river basins (by area), from
largest to smallest ?
[A] Amazon, Congo, Ganga
[B] Amazon, Congo, Mississippi
[C] Amazon, Mississippi, Congo
[D] Amazon, Mississippi, Ganga
Correct Answer: B [Amazon, Congo, Mississippi]
Notes: MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |
The three largest river basins (by area), from largest to smallest, are the Amazon basin, the Congo basin,
and the Mississippi basin.
The three rivers that drain the most water are the Amazon, Congo, and Ganges River
509. Which among the following landforms is formed by the action of a geologic rift or fault?
[A] Rift Valley
[B] Talus
[C] Crevasses
[D] Yardung
Correct Answer: A [Rift Valley]

510. world’s largest helium-rich natural gas fields are located in which country?
[A] Australia
[B] China
[C] India
[D] USA
Correct Answer: D [USA]
Notes:
The Hugoton and nearby gas fields in Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas call themselves as helium Capital of
the World.
511. Which among the following is the driest desert in Earth?
[A] Kalahari
[B] Atacama
[C] Mojave Desert
[D] Tabernas Desert
Correct Answer: B [Atacama]
Notes:
This desert is blocked from moisture on both sides by the Andes mountains and by the Chilean Coast
Range. A coastal inversion layer created by the cold Humboldt Current and the anticyclone of the Pacific
is essential to keeping the climate of the Atacama dry. Some parts of this desert have never received any
rain.
512. Which among the following is the main industry of MENA region of the World?
[A] Manufacturing
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[B] Petroleum
[C] Mines and Minerals
[D] Tourism & Hospitality
Correct Answer: B [Petroleum]
Notes:
MENA refers to “Middle East and North Africa“. The population is some 381 million equal to 6% of the
total world population, if we consider all the countries included commonly. Obviously, Petroleum is the
major industry,.
513. “Panikulangara” is a variety of which among the following?
[A] Pepper
[B] Cardamom
[C] Mustard
[D] Rice
Correct Answer: B [Cardamom]

514. Which among the following is the correct location of McMurdo Dry Valleys the hyper saline
water bodies on dry land? MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[A] Africa
[B] Central Asia
[C] North America
[D] Antarctica
Correct Answer: D [Antarctica]

515. Underground Hamza River was found below the basin of which among the following rivers?
[A] Nile River
[B] Amazon River
[C] Mississippi River
[D] Congo River
Correct Answer: B [Amazon River]

516. By which of the following single country, Gambia, the smallest country on mainland Africa is
surrounded?
[A] Sudan
[B] Senegal
[C] Angola
[D] Ghana
Correct Answer: B [Senegal]
Notes:
Gambia is bordered to the north, east, and south by Senegal, with a short coastline on the Atlantic Ocean
in the west
517. The “Registan Desert” is a part of which among the following countries?
[A] Pakistan
[B] Afghanistan
[C] Tajikistan
[D] Turkmenistan
Correct Answer: B [Afghanistan]

518. Which among the following countries tops the list of countries in uranium production?
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[A] India
[B] China
[C] Australia
[D] Kazakhstan
Correct Answer: D [Kazakhstan]

519. Which of the following islands is an issue of controversy between UK and Argentina?
[A] Queensland
[B] Seychelles
[C] Abruka
[D] Falkland
Correct Answer: D [Falkland]

520. Which among the following biogeographical boundary kept the fauna of Indomalaya ecozone
and Australasia Ecozone isolated from one another contributing to the distinctly different fauna
of Australasia?
[A] Strait of Malacca MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[B] Strait of Lombok

[C] Makassar Strait
[D] Sunda Strait
Correct Answer: B [Strait of Lombok]
Notes:
Strait of Lombok is part of the biogeographical boundary between the fauna of Indomalaya ecozone and
the distinctly different fauna of Australasia. The boundary is known as the Wallace Line, for Alfred
Russel Wallace, who first remarked upon the striking difference between animals of Indo-Malaysia from
those of Australasia and how abrupt the boundary was between the two biomes.
521. If place X and Place Y, both located on equator, are at a distance of 18520 kilometers, the
approximate difference between their longitudes will be ____?
[A] 100°
[B] 120°
[C] 166°
[D] 180°
Correct Answer: C [166°]
Notes:
We all know that a minute of arc on the planet Earth is 1 nautical mile. 1 nautical mile is 1852 meters or
1.852 kilometers. To travel around the Earth at the equator, we would have to travel (360 * 60) 21,600
nautical miles, 24,857 miles or 40,003 kilometers.
The question says that the distance between point X and Y is 18520 kilometers , which means that they
are 10000 nautical miles apart. So, if 21620=360°, 10000=166.5°. So correct option is C
522. The pointer or arrow of the magnetized needle of a compass indicates which among the
following?
[A] Geographic North Pole
[B] Magnetic North Pole
[C] Geo-magnetic North Pole
[D] Magnetic South Pole
Correct Answer: D [Magnetic South Pole]
Notes:
The north pole of a magnet in a compass points north because it is attracted to the Earth’s magnetic
south pole, which is located near Earth’s geographic north pole. The geographic north pole of earth
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corresponds to magnetic south pole and geographic south pole of earth corresponds to magnetic north
pole. The direction in which a compass needle points is known as magnetic north. This is not exactly the
direction of the North Magnetic Pole. Instead, the compass aligns itself to the local geomagnetic field,
which varies in a complex manner over the Earth’s surface. The angular difference between magnetic
north and true north (defined in reference to the Geographic North Pole), at any particular location on
the Earth’s surface, is called the magnetic declination. Most map coordinate systems are based on true
north, and magnetic declination is often shown on map legends so that the direction of true north can be
determined from north as indicated by a compass.
523. Which among the following is the lowest level of a body of water such as an ocean or a lake?
[A] Neritic
[B] Pelagic
[C] Benthic
[D] Demersal
Correct Answer: C [Benthic]
Notes:
The benthic zone is the ecological region at the lowest level of a body of water such as an ocean or a lake,
including the sediment surface and some sub- surface layers. Organisms living in this zone are called
benthos. They generally live in close relationship with the substrate bottom; many suchorganisms are
permanently attached to the bottom. MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

524. Which among the following methods of heat transfer is maximum responsible for heating of
the lower layers of the atmosphere near earth’s surface?
[A] Radiation from Sun
[B] Radiation from Earth
[C] Conduction
[D] Convection
Correct Answer: B [Radiation from Earth]
Notes:
Radiation from Sun comes to earth in the form of smaller waves and earth being cooler body, gives off
energy in the form of long-wave. These are then radiated back to the atmosphere. This this Long-Wave
Radiation from the earth’s surfaces heats the lower layers of the atmosphere. The Atmospheric
conduction occurs at the interface of (zone of contact between) the atmosphere and the earth’s surface.
However, it is actually a minor method of heat transfer in terms of warming the atmosphere since it
affects only the layers of air closest to the earth’s surface. This is because air is a very poor conductor of
heat. ‘ When the pockets of air near the surface are heated, they expand in volume, become less dense
than the surrounding air, and therefore rise. This vertical transfer of heat through the atmosphere is
called convection, and is the same type of process by which heated water circulates in a pan while
heating. The currents set into motion by the heating of a fluid (liquid or gas) make up a convectional
system. Most vertical transfer of heat within the atmosphere & Oceans occurs via Convection and is a
major cause of clouds and precipitation.
525. Pohang Iron and Steel Company is from which among the following countries?
[A] South Korea
[B] North Korea
[C] China
[D] Japan
Correct Answer: A [South Korea]

526. The Fluvial Landforms are created by ___

[A] Air
[B] Water
[C] Chemicals
[D] Mechanical forces

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Correct Answer: B [Water]

Notes:
Fluvial landform are shaped by running water (overland flow and stream flow). Fluvial processes are
most important of all the exogenetic processes as landform associated with them have overall
dominance in the environment of terrestrial life
527. What is the upper limit of Richter scale?
[A] 8
[B] 9
[C] 10
[D] No limit
Correct Answer: D [No limit]
Notes:
Richer scale was developed in 1935 by United States seismologist Charles Francis Richter. It is a
logarithmic scale that runs from 1 to 9, though no upper limit exists, a magnitude 7 quake is 10 times
more powerful than magnitude 6 quake.
528. Tibetan Plateau can be best placed in which among the following categories of Plateus?
[A] Intermontane Plateu MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

[B] Continental Plateau

[C] Volcanic Plateau
[D] Dissected Plateu
Correct Answer: A [Intermontane Plateu]
Notes:
Plateaus are classified according to their surrounding environment.
1. Intermontane plateaus are the highest in the world, bordered by mountains. The Tibetan Plateau is
one such plateau.
2. Piedmont plateaus are bordered on one side by mountains and on the other by a plain or sea.
3. Continental plateaus are bordered on all sides by the plains or seas, forming away from mountains.
4. Volcanic plateaus are produced by volcanic activity. The Columbia Plateau in the north-western
United States of America is one such plateau.
5. Dissected plateaus are highly eroded plateaus cut by rivers and broken by deep narrow valleys.
529. Cape Agulhas makes the dividing point between which of the two oceans?
[A] Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean
[B] Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Ocean
[C] Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean
[D] Arctic Ocean and Atlantic Ocean
Correct Answer: C [Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean]
Notes:
Cape Agulhas is a rocky headland in the Western Cape, South Africa. It is the geographic southern tip of
Africa and the official dividing point between the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. (The actual division
between the ocean currents is, however, a different matter. The point where the Agulhas current meets
the Benguela current fluctuates seasonally between Cape Agulhas and Cape Point.) (wikipedia)
530. Saline and Alkaline soils are characterized by which of the following features ?
1. They are found in drought-prone areas.
2. They can be reclaimed by adding gypsum.
3. Texturally, they are sandy-loams.
[A] Only 3
[B] 1 and 3
[C] 2 and 3
[D] 1, 2 and 3

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Correct Answer: C [2 and 3]

531. Which of the following is the narrowest strait of the world ?

[A] Strait of Tartar
[B] Bab-el-Mandeb
[C] Strait of Dardenelles
[D] Foveaux Strait
Correct Answer: A [Strait of Tartar]
Notes:
Strait of Tartar is the narrowest Strait. It is 7.3 km wide at the narrowest point. It is a strait in the Pacific
Ocean dividing the Russian island of Sakhalin from mainland Asia (South-East Russia) , connecting the
Sea of Okhotsk on the north with the Sea of Japan on the south.
532. The only two landlocked countries of South American continent are :
[A] Bolivia and Paraguay
[B] Ecuador and Parana
[C] Columbia and Paraguay
[D] Surinam and Guyana MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

Correct Answer: A [Bolivia and Paraguay]

533. Falkland Island is a disputed territory between :

[A] Chile and Equador
[B] West Indies and Spain
[C] Uruguay and France
[D] Argentina and UK
Correct Answer: D [Argentina and UK]

534. ‘Oxus’ is the ancient name of which of the following rivers?

[A] Tigris
[B] Euphrates
[C] Amu Darya
[D] Syr Darya
Correct Answer: C [Amu Darya]

535. ‘Samarqand’ was invaded and destroyed by Alexander in 329 B.C. and Chengiz Khan in 1221
A.D. It is one of the important cultural and industrial city of Central Asia which is located in :
[A] Afghanistan
[B] Turkmenistan
[C] Uzbekistan
[D] Iran
Correct Answer: C [Uzbekistan]

536. Which of the following mountain ranges form the longest mountain chain in the world?
[A] The Rockies of North America
[B] The Andes of South America
[C] The Transantarctic Range
[D] The Great Dividing Range of Australia
Correct Answer: B [The Andes of South America]

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537. Which of the following are ‘erosional landforms’ ?

1.Inselbergs
2.Loess
3.Zeugen
4.Buttes
[A] 1 and 2
[B] 2 and 3
[C] 1, 3 and 4
[D] All of them
Correct Answer: C [1, 3 and 4]
Notes:
Loess is a depositional landform (aeolian sediment formed by accumulation of wind-blown silt) whereas
the others namely, Inselbergs, Zeugen and Buttes are erosional landforms.
Inselberg is a term for an isolated hill or a lone mountain that has risen above the surrounding area,
typically by surviving erosion.
Zeugens are formed by wind abrasion where a surface layer of hard rock is underlain by a layer of soft
rock into a ridge and furrow landscape.
Buttes are formed by erosion when hard MANOJ
capKURANE
rock covers a layer of softer rock that is eventually worn
| [email protected] |

away. The hard rock thus resists erosion.

538. Which of the following main rivers of North America originate from the Rocky Mountains ?
1. Mississippi
2. Missouri
3. Colorado
4. Rio Grande
5. Columbia
[A] 1, 2 and 3
[B] 2, 3 and 5
[C] 1, 2 , 3 and 4
[D] All of them
Correct Answer: B [2, 3 and 5]

539. The Temperate Grassland or Shrub-Land Biome is commonly known as –

1. Steppe in Central Asia
2. Prairie in North America
3. Veld in South America
Choose the correct option:
[A] 1 and 2
[B] 1 and 3
[C] 2 and 3
[D] 1, 2 and 3
Correct Answer: A [1 and 2]
Notes:
They are called ‘Pampas’ in South America.
540. Pemba’ and ‘Zanzibar’ Islands of Africa are famous for the cultivation and export of:
[A] Cloves
[B] Sugarcane
[C] Tobacco
[D] Coffee

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Correct Answer: A [Cloves]

541. Laterite soils’ are formed due which of the following actions?
[A] Leaching
[B] Erosion
[C] Deposition of fertile riverine silt
[D] Mechanical Weathering of Igneous Rocks
Correct Answer: A [Leaching]

542. Which of the following places of the world is known for ‘Guano’, a uniquely-produced natural
fertilizer which has a high concentration of nitrates?
[A] Tierra del Feugo
[B] Atacama desert
[C] Minas Gerais of Brazil
[D] Coastal headlands and Islands of Peru
Correct Answer: D [Coastal headlands and Islands of Peru]
MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |
Notes:
The word “guano” originates from the Quichua language of the Andes and means “the droppings of sea
birds”. Andean peoples collected guano from the coast of Peru for use as soil enricher.
543. Which of the following countries are separated by the Strait of Gibraltar?
[A] Portugal and Morocco
[B] Algeria and Spain
[C] Morroco and Spain
[D] Algeria and Portugal
Correct Answer: C [Morroco and Spain]

544. The cities of ‘Hiroshima’ and ‘Nagasaki’ are located on which among the following Islands of
Japanese Archipelago?
[A] Honshu and Kyushu respectively
[B] Honshu and Shikoku respectively
[C] Hokkaido and Kyushu respectively
[D] Kyushu and Shikoku respectively
Correct Answer: A [Honshu and Kyushu respectively]

545. The “Helmand Province” of Afghanistan is famous for cultivation of __:

[A] Tobacco
[B] Opium
[C] wheat
[D] Cotton
Correct Answer: B [Opium]
Notes:
Helmand is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in south of the country. Helmand is believed
to be one of the world’s largest opium-producing regions, responsible for around 75% of the world’s total
production. This is believed to be more than the whole of Burma, which is the second largest producing
nation after Afghanistan.
546. The “Ninety East Ridge” is a submarine volcanic ridge located in __?
[A] Pacific Ocean
[B] Atlantic Ocean
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[C] Indian Ocean

[D] Arctic Ocean
Correct Answer: C [Indian Ocean]
Notes:
The Ninety East Ridge is an 5500 km long, north-south-oriented, submarine volcanic ridge in the
eastern Indian Ocean that formed from magmatism associated with the deep seated Kerguelen mantle
plume as the Indian plate drifted rapidly northward during the Late Cretaceous.

MANOJ KURANE | [email protected] |

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