Perspective
Mechanism of Automatic Transmission System
Jason Hughes*
Department of Advanced Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Rockhampton, Australia
DESCRIPTION position, the ring gear acts as a raceway for planetary gear
movement. This will rotate the output shaft connected to the
Automatic transmissions are also known as self-shift planetary carrier. When the ring gear is released, it can move
transmissions or AT or double pedal technology because this freely due to the rotation of the planetary gear that rotates
system works without a clutch pedal. This is a type of automotive around its axis. During this position, there is no movement of
transmission that can automatically change the gear ratio as the the planetary carrier, so the output shaft remains stationary.
vehicle moves, eliminating the need to manually change gears. Planetary gears contain a large number of such units for
An automatic transmission (sometimes abbreviated as automatic different decelerations.
or AT) is a multi-speed transmission used in vehicles powered by
an internal combustion engine that inputs the driver's input to Component of automatic transmission
change the forward gear under normal operating conditions. It
usually includes the gearbox, axle and differential in the The main components of an automatic transmission are the
integrated assembly and is technically a transmission. converter housing box, oil pan and extension housing. The
converter housing encloses the torque converter, the housing
The most common type of automatic transmission is the contains the planetary gear set, and the extension housing
hydraulic automatic, which uses a planetary gear set, hydraulic encloses the output shaft. The oil pan is bolted to the housing.
controls, and a torque converter. Other types of automatic The entire transmission unit is attached to the engine block by
transmissions include Continuously Variable Transmissions screws that pass through the holes in the flange of the converter
(CVT), Automated Manual Transmissions (AMT), and Dual- housing.
Clutch Transmissions (DCT). An Electronic Automatic
Transmission (EAT) may also be called an Electronically Working of automatic transmission
Controlled Transmission (ECT), or Electronic Automatic
Transaxle (EATX). The automatic transmission is same work because the manual
transmission except its control by the brake arrangement
Principle of automatic transmission operated hydraulically. Within the transmission system the
engine shaft is connected to the clutch and therefore the further
The manual gearbox used a sliding or synchronous gearbox, connected to the turbine of the converter. The converter drives
while the automatic gearbox used a planetary gearbox. This type the ring gear of first train through a free wheel. The drive of the
of transmission does not engage with sliding gears, but you can ring gear of the second train is then taken from the earth carrier
achieve different gear speeds by simply tightening the brake band of the primary gear train in order that they act nonparallel. This
on the gear drum. It consists of sun gear, pinion or planet gear arrangement gives three forward and one reverse speed by
and ring gear. The ring gear has teeth on its inner circumference subsequently application of brake. The choice of the actual gear
and is surrounded by a brake band. The brake band is operated and application of corresponding clutch and brake is completed
by the hydraulic pressure applied by the hydraulic oil. This is hydraulically. The hydraulic pressure I regulated by the car speed
controlled by electronic sensors or movements related to vehicle that control pressure on one side of the shift valve and therefore
speed, loads and throttle opening. When the ring gear is locked the throttle opening controlled by the driving force through the
by the brake band, the spinning sun gear spins the planetary accelerator which controls oil pressure on other side of the shift
gear. The cogs of the planet are forced to overcome it. In this valve.
Correspondence to: Jason Hughes, Department of Advanced Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Rockhampton, Australia, E-mail:
[email protected]
Received: 12-May-2022, Manuscript No. JAME-22-17085; Editor assigned: 16-May-2022, Pre QC No. JAME-22-17085 (PQ); Reviewed: 03-Jun-2022,
QC No JAME-22-17085; Revised: 13-Jun-2022, Manuscript No. JAME-22-17085 (R); Published: 20-Jun-2022, DOI: 10.35248/2168-9873.22.11.418.
Citation: Hughes J (2022) Mechanism of Automatic Transmission System. J Appl Mech Eng. 11:418.
Copyright: © 2022 Hughes J. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which
permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
J Appl Mech Eng, Vol.11 Iss.5 No:1000418 1
