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PYTHON_DecisionMaking

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PYTHON_DecisionMaking

Uploaded by

VaibhaV GouR
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Online Summer Training Program – 2020

BASICS OF PYTHON
Task 2.2 - Decision Making in Python
There comes situations in real life when we need to make some decisions and based on these
decisions, we decide what should we do next. Similar situations arises in programming also
where we need to make some decisions and based on these decision we will execute the next
block of code.
Decision making statements in programming languages decides the direction of flow of program
execution. Decision making statements available in python are:
1) if statement
2) if..else statements
3) nested if statements
4) if-elif ladder

1. if statement
if statement is the most simple decision making statement. It is used to decide whether a certain
statement or block of statements will be executed or not i.e if a certain condition is true then a block
of statement is executed otherwise not.
1.1 Syntax:

Here, condition after evaluation will be either true or false. if statement accepts boolean
values
– if the value is true then it will execute the block of statements below it otherwise not. We
can use condition with bracket ‘(‘ ‘)’ also.
As we know, python uses indentation to identify a block. So the block under an if statement
will be identified as shown in the below example:

St. Vincent Pallotti College


of Engineering & Technology, Nagpur
Online Summer Training Program – 2020
BASICS OF PYTHON
1.2 Flowchart:

1.3 Example:

# python program to illustrate If statement

i = 10
if (i > 15):
print ("10 is less than 15")
print ("I am Not in if")

1.4 Output:

As the condition present in the if statement is false. So, the block below the if
statement is not executed.

St. Vincent Pallotti College


of Engineering & Technology, Nagpur
Online Summer Training Program – 2020
BASICS OF PYTHON
2. if- else
The if statement alone tells us that if a condition is true it will execute a block of statements and if
the condition is false it won’t. But what if we want to do something else if the condition is false.
Here comes the else statement. We can use the else statement with if statement to execute a block of
code when the condition is false.
2.1 Syntax:

2.2 Flow Chart:

2.3 Example:
# python program to illustrate If else statement

i = 20;
if (i < 15):
print ("i is smaller than 15")
print ("i'm in if Block")
else:
print ("i is greater than 15")
print ("i'm in else Block")
print ("i'm not in if and not in else Block")

St. Vincent Pallotti College


of Engineering & Technology, Nagpur
Online Summer Training Program – 2020
BASICS OF PYTHON
2.4 Output:

The block of code following the else statement is executed as the condition present in the if
statement is false after call the statement which is not in block(without spaces)

3. nested-if
A nested if is an if statement that is the target of another if statement. Nested if statements means
an if statement inside another if statement. Yes, Python allows us to nest if statements within if
statements. i.e, we can place an if statement inside another if statement.

3.1 Syntax:

3.2 Flow chart:

St. Vincent Pallotti College


of Engineering & Technology, Nagpur
Online Summer Training Program – 2020
BASICS OF PYTHON
3.3 Example:

# python program to illustrate nested If statement


i = 10
if (i == 10):
# First if statement
if (i < 15):
print ("i is smaller than 15")
# Nested - if statement
# Will only be executed if statement above
# it is true
if (i < 12):
print ("i is smaller than 12 too")
else:
print ("i is greater than 15")

3.4 Output:

4. if-elif-else ladder
Here, a user can decide among multiple options. The if statements are executed from the top down.
As soon as one of the conditions controlling the if is true, the statement associated with that if is
executed, and the rest of the ladder is bypassed. If none of the conditions is true, then the final else
statement will be executed.
4.1 Syntax:

St. Vincent Pallotti College


of Engineering & Technology, Nagpur
Online Summer Training Program – 2020
BASICS OF PYTHON
4.2 Flow Chart:

4.3 Example:
# Python program to illustrate if-elif-else ladder
i = 20
if (i == 10):
print ("i is 10")
elif (i == 15):
print ("i is 15")
elif (i == 20):
print ("i is 20")
else:
print ("i is not present")

4.4 Output:

… Happy Learning ! ...

Video Link: https://youtu.be/PqFKRqpHrjw

References:
1) https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/decision-making-python-else-nested-elif/

2) https://www.tutorialsteacher.com/python/python-if-elif

3) https://www.w3schools.in/python-tutorial/decision-making/

St. Vincent Pallotti College


of Engineering & Technology, Nagpur

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