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UNIT 1. LOCAL COMMUNITY
A. PHONETICS
I. Say the words out loud, then put them into the correct columns according to the sounds they
contain.
family health hospital garbage
chat men attraction match
helper collector park harm
heart electrician wrap March
remember guess pack spa
marry calm centre cat

/æ/ /ɑː/ /e/

II. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
1. a. cattle b. cart c. bad d. man
2. a. artisan b. garbage c. handicraft d. car
3. a. electrician b. delivery c. preserve d. technique
4. a. pottery b. merry c. bed d. remember
5. a. carry b. cake c. bacon d. nation
6. a. advance b. absent c. actually d. access
7. a. agency b. merry c. allergy d. hunger
8. a. arrow b. athlete c. attract d. art
9. a. effect b. electricity c. employee d. energy
10. a. entrance b. national c. apply d. area
B. VOCABULARY and GRAMMAR
I. Match the word with its definition.
1. artisan a. a product that is made by hand rather than by using a machine

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 2. workshop b. the buildings, equipment, and services provided for a particular purpose
3. original c. a person who does skilled work, making things with their hands
4. handicraft d. all the people who live in a particular area, country, etc.
5. facilities e. a sweet or pleasant smell
6. fragrance f. a room or building where things are made using tools or machines
7. community g. a product that is extremely good in a particular place
8. speciality h. existing since the beginning, or being the earliest form of something
Your answers:
1. _____ 2. _____ 3. _____ 4. _____ 5. _____ 6. _____ 7. _____ 8. _____
II. Complete the sentences with the words in port I. Use the plural form if necessary.
1. The presence of this tree guarantees sweet ______________ all the time.
2. One ______________ is a dish made of goose, kidney beans and other vegetables.
3. Dough is kneaded and then molded into little cute animals by this ______________.
4. It doesn’t matter what you do for your ______________. Any involvement is good!
5. A(n) ______________ print is created by the hand of the artist.
6. Tourists to the village often buy traditional ______________ as souvenirs or gifts.
7. Many local crafts people produce their goods from small ______________ in their homes.
8. The school has excellent sports ______________, including a gym, dance studio, Olympic sized pool
and professional cricket pitch.
III. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
1. A(n) ’s ______________ duties are to pick up trash and transport it to a landfill or recycling centre.
a. garbage collector b. electrician c. artisan d. delivery person
2. Thanh Ha ______________ is made of brown clay taken from the Thu Bon River.
a. speciality b. craft c. pottery d. stuff
3. If you are keen on bamboo and rattan products, you can visit some ______________ in Phu Vinh.
a. tourist attractions b. local communities c. suburbs d. craft villages
4. The ______________ made this statue by pouring hot liquid bronze into a mould.
a. artisan b. electrician c. firefighter d. garbage collector
5. It is essential to hire a qualified ______________ to replace a light fixture.
a. firefighter b. electrician c. police officer d. consumer
6. The Grand Bazaar, one of the oldest markets in the world, is the most popular ______________ in
Istanbul.
a. community b. neighbourhood c. tourist attraction d. workshop
7. All of our pottery items are ______________ in our Pottery & Arts Studio.
a. preserved b. followed c. built d. handcrafted
8. We eagerly took the food and tipped the ______________.
a. firefighter b. delivery man c. neighbour d. community helper
9. The main ______________ of a cash-machine is to provide people with cash when the bank is shut.
a. function b. technique c. fragrance d. pleasure
10. For a child from the ______________, a trip to the city was a great adventure.
a. communities b. countries c. suburbs d. counties
IV. Complete the sentences with the words from the box.
preserve passed follow deliver repair

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 collect look help remind shorten
1. Machines are now being used to ______________ the process and reduce costs.
2. Participating in volunteering activities is one way to ______________ the community.
3. To make a good conical hat, you have to ______________ more than ten steps.
4. Their job is to take donated food then ______________ it to disadvantaged people.
5. Supporting traditional crafts helps to ______________ the cultural heritage of the region.
6. Tourists often ______________ for unique souvenirs in this open-air market.
7. Skilled artisans in the village have ______________ down their knowledge from one generation to
another.
8. Every weekend, volunteers ______________ garbage along the beaches in the city.
9. My father is an electrician. He ______________ and maintains the electrical systems of our house.
10. Please ______________ me to buy some traditional products as souvenirs for my friends.
V. Fill in the blank with an appropriate preposition or adverb to form a phrasal verb.
1. In this programme, people can learn how to take care ______________ wounded animals.
2. My brother’s old textbooks are often handed ______________ to me.
3. The scenery reminded me ______________ the beautiful beaches in my home town.
4. The friendly local people helped us when our car broke ______________ yesterday.
5. The local authority has strict regulations to prevent running ______________ their natural resources.
6. She is used to dealing ______________ all kinds of people in her job.
7. Annie will get ______________ the other kids in the summer camp as she’s very outgoing.
8. The holiday was over, and we came ______________ from our home town 2 days ago.
9. I’m looking ______________ to the reunion with my family in Vietnam.
10. These traditional stories have been passed ______________ from parent to child over many
generations.
VI. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the
word in capital.
1. Local people can earn their livings by providing tourists with necessary services. (LIVE)
→ Local people can
2. That man has a friendly relationship with the owner of Los Angeles County Museum of Art. (GETS)
→ That man
3. Please visit our website to get more information about our products. (FIND)
→ Please visit our website to
4. There is no oil and gas left on Earth. (RUN)
→ The Earth has
5. The council had to cancel the football match because of the storm. (CALL)
→ The council
6. We spent the whole afternoon exploring this small fishing village. (LOOKING)
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→ We spent the whole afternoon
7. I will return to Hoi An to have another week of adventure this summer. (COME)
→ I
8. After leaving college, he started his own business with a bank loan. (SET)
→ After
9. She promised to meet me at the cinema this evening, but she didn’t arrive. (TURN)
→ She
10. My neighbourhood is planning to reduce the amount of daily plastic waste. (CUT)
→ My neighbourhood is planning to
VII. Complete the sentences with the phrasal verbs from the box.
call off set up turned down gave up turn up
carried out worn out came across took off broken into
1. Sue was offered a job as a translator but she ______________ it ______________.
2. His shoes are quite ______________. He’ll have to get a new pair.
3. They had to ______________ the football match because of snow.
4. Rachel knew that Ross would be worried if she didn’t ______________.
5. Can you imagine who I ______________ while I was in Paris?
6. An investigation was ______________ by the local police.
7. A house in our neighborhood was ______________ last night.
8. He’s been feeling much better since he ______________ smoking.
9. Sheher clothes ______________ and got into bed.
10. Zedco wants to ______________ a new sales office in Germany.
VIII. Complete the sentences with suitable question words.
1. He doesn’t know ______________ to ask for advice about this situation.
2. Be sure ______________ to eat when you arrive in Vietnam.
3. They are going to tell me ______________ to do to survive in a storm.
4. I asked Jane to show me ______________ to get on well with my new neighbours.
5. He wondered ______________ to visit Phu Quoc to avoid stormy weather.
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6. The rules didn’t specify ______________ to speak to in case of an emergency.
7. The tourists are looking at the artisan to find out ______________ to make pottery.
8. I don’t know ______________ to turn for help if I get lost in the forest.
9. I had no idea ______________ to buy as souvenirs when travelling abroad.
10. Could you please tell me ______________ to take out the rubbish, 6 or 7 p.m.?
IX. Rewrite the following sentences using question words before to-infinitives.
1. I don’t know where I should visit this summer vacation.
______________________________________________________________________________________
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2. Could you tell me who I should ask for advice?
______________________________________________________________________________________
3. She wondered what she should write in the final essay.
______________________________________________________________________________________
4. I have no idea who 1 should contact in case of emergency.
______________________________________________________________________________________
5. They can’t decide when they leave for America.
______________________________________________________________________________________
6. I’m not sure what I should cook for my son’s birthday party.
______________________________________________________________________________________
7. Could you tell me where I should put my umbrella?
______________________________________________________________________________________
8. He asked himself what he should send her as a present.
______________________________________________________________________________________
9. I have no idea when I should replace my water filter.
______________________________________________________________________________________
10. She wondered how she could make a conical hat by herself.
______________________________________________________________________________________
X. Rewrite the following questions in reported speech, using question words before to- infinitives.
1. “What should we do to help preserve our traditional handicrafts?”
→ They didn’t know
2. “Should I discuss this matter with my teammates?”
→ Jonas wondered
3. “Where can I buy affordable handmade products?”
→ An asked Mary
4. “How should we find a support center for the homeless?”
→ James and Lily couldn’t tell
5. “When should we start recycling our plastic water bottles?”
→ They had no idea
6. “Mom, who should I call upon arriving at the airport?”
→ Trang asked her mother
7. “Should I join a volunteering programme this summer?”
→ Phong was not sure
8. “What should we do to help those disadvantaged children?”
→ They wondered
9. “When should I apply to become a community helper?”
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→ She couldn’t decide
10. “How should I introduce some Vietnamese speciality food to the foreigners?”
→ Hoa asked Nam
XI. Complete each sentence with an appropriate preposition.
1. This handcrafted cushion reminds me ______________ the wonderful time I spent in Bangkok
Chinatown.
2. Do you know what time the garbage collector comes to take the rubbish ______________?
3. Amritsar is famous ______________ its carpet-weaving industry.
4. Tourists visiting Hoi An can buy traditional lantern ______________ ssouvenirs.
5. Maldives is among the countries relying heavily ______________ tourism.
6. The artisans preserve their original techniques ______________ passing them down to younger
generations.
7. Saigon Notre Dame Cathedral is considered as a place ______________ interest in Ho Chi Minh City.
8. The scarf, which he wrapped around his neck, was made ______________ wool thread by his girlfriend.
c. SPEAKING
I. Write questions for the underlined parts.
1. Jack: ___________________________________________________________________________
Mi: Cinemas, amusement parks, Nguyen Hue walking street, etc. are the places of interest in my
hometown.
2. Hoa: ____________________________________________________________________________
Nick: Bau True Pottery Village is located in Ninh Thuan Province.
3. Jane: ____________________________________________________________________________
Linh: I go to the community centre every weekend.
4. Henry:
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Long: People like Nguyen Hue Walking Street because it has an open space plus many activities that attract
them.
5. Harry:
______________________________________________________________________________________
Quang: My favorite destination is Asia Park.
6. Hung:
______________________________________________________________________________________
Nhu: I often go to Diamond Plaza with my classmates.
7. Ann: ___________________________________________________________________________
Loan: The best time to visit Nha Trang is in the summer.
8. Lam:
______________________________________________________________________________________
Nam: It’s nearly 4km from my house to Tan Son Nhat Airport.
II. Choose the best answer to complete the conversations.
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1. A: Do you mind showing me where to buy these handmade items?
B: _____________ I bought them at the shop over there.
a. No, I mind it. b. Yes, I do. c. Not at all. d. Go ahead.
2. A: _____________ the name of the new garbage collector, please?
B: Sure. His name is Stephen.
a. Would you mind b. Could you tell me
c. Would you like to know d. Do you remember
3. A: _____________
B: You can go to Non Nuoc marble village.
a. Where can we observe the process of making marble sculptures?
b. Do you know how to make marble sculptures?
c. Would you mind helping me make marble sculptures?
d. Could you please tell me who could make marble sculptures?
4. A: Have you ever tried making a handmade keychain?
B: No, I haven’t. _____________
a. I have done it several times before.
b. I found it pretty easy to make.
c. What can I do for you?
d. Could you show me how to do it?
5. A: Hello. I’m new to the neighbourhood. _____________
B: Sure. Follow me.
a. When are you going to the market?
b. Do you mind telling me how many markets are there?
c. Will you go to the nearest market with me?
d. Could you show me the way to the nearest market?
d. READING
I. Fill in the gap with one word from the box.
artisans skillful handicraft completely
long-standing souvenirs where set
I’ve just been back from my vacation in Hanoi, Vietnam. In this trip, I had a chance to visit some
(1) ________________ villages that produce the finest craft works exported over the world.
The very first place I (2) ________________ foot on was Van Phuc silk village, the cradle of best silk in
Vietnam once. I totally fall in love with many colourful clothes, hats, bags, tie... made of authentic silk.
Then, I moved on to Bat Trang ceramic village, the most famous and (3) ________________ pottery
village in Vietnam with a nearly 1,000 years old historic development. Here, I visited a small family factory
to see how the (4) ________________ form, paint and glaze with unique products and have a chance
to practice my talent with wet clay and a mould. Afternoon, I continued to visit Dong Ho folk painting
village, (5) ________________ the traditional woodblock paintings are preserved. I was completely
impressed by the folk paintings made by the local (6) ________________ artisans with natural materials
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and colors. Each painting is (7) ________________ handmade on paper of the Dzo tree and is coloured
with other natural materials and its glittery surface is finished with oyster shell dust.
I took home a lot of handmade (8) ________________ which were later given to my family and friends.
II. Read the text carefully, then do the tasks.
Channapatna is a city in Ramanagara District, Karnataka, India and is noted for its famous handmade
lacquer wooden toys all over the world. It’s popularly known as “Gombegala Ooru” or the “Toy City” of
Karnataka.
The origin of the wooden toys dates back to the period of Tipu Sultan, the ruler of Mysore who was a great
admirer of wooden toys. He took the initiative to invite artisans from Persia and train the local artists to
learn the process of making wooden toys. The artisans still follow the traditional method of making the toys
for nearly two centuries. They are only using ivory wood for making the toys and very rarely rosewood and
sandalwood are used. But slowly the artisans have also started to use other woods like teak, pine, rubber
and cedar wood.
Manufacturing stages include procuring the wood, seasoning the wood, cutting the wood into the desired
shapes, pruning and carving the toys, applying the colours and finally polishing the finished product.
Vegetable dyes are used in the colouring process to ensure that the toys and dolls are safe for use by
children. More than 6,000 people in Channapatna, working in 254 home manufacturing units and 50 small
factories, were engaged in the making of these toys.
A. Decide whether the following sentences are true (T) or false (F).
1. ____ Channapatna has its nick name “Toy City” because of its well-known handmade toys.
2. ____ The ruler of Mysore sent his local artists to Persia to learn the process of making wooden toys.
3. ____ Many types of wood are used in the process of making wooden toys.
4. ____ The manufacture of the wooden toys includes a number of steps.
5. ____ People engaging in the making of these toys mostly work in small factories.
B. Choose the correct answer.
6. According to the passage, the wooden toys in Channapatna ___________.
a. appeared before the period of Tipu Sultan
b. were greatly admired by the people of Mysore
c. are rarely made of rosewood and sandalwood
d. only lasted for nearly two centuries
7. The idiom “take the initiative’ in paragraph 2 means ___________.
a. be the first one to do something
b. be able to control the situation
c. make good use of something
d. make the effort to do something
8. Which of the following is NOT mentioned?
a. Natural dyes are used in order to make the toys safe for kids.
b. Local artists now stop using the traditional method of making these toys.
c. Channapatna is a city located in Ramanagara District in India.
d. The handmade lacquer wooden toys in Channapatna are globally famous.

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e. WRITING
I. Write sentences with the cues given.
1. Lam Yen Drum village/ stand/ between/ Red River/ Tich River
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
2. waste pollution/ should/ treat/ properly
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
3. life expectancy/ craft village residents/ be/ lower/ rest of Vietnam
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
4. many handicraft villages/ Quang Nam Province/ succeed/ combining/ traditional handicraft/ tourism
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
5. villagers/ learn/ make/ green sticky rice/ when/ they/ be/ very/ young
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
6. craftsmen/ add/ paintings/ Hue poems/ between/ two layers/ leaves/ create/ famous/ poetic/ conical hats
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
7. although/ they/ come/ Vietnam/ the first time,/ they/ can/ easy/ get/ local people.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
8. government/ be/ face/ pressure/ environmentalists/ at present
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
II. Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first.
1. I’m really excited about the upcoming pottery workshop.
→ I’m looking
2. We invited a pop star to the chat show, but he didn’t arrive.
→ The pop star
3. He misbehaved in the class so the teacher asked him to go out.
→ The teacher asked
4. The students wondered how they could carve figures of unicorns on the top of the box.
→ The students wondered how
5. Don’t leave the computer on when you leave.
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→ Turn
6. They wanted to apologize for their behavior; that’s why they paid for dinner.
→ They paid for dinner in order
7. When I was a child, I usually went to the local park every Saturday afternoon.
→ When I was a child, I used
8. The chef’s secret recipe is only taught to his children.
→ The chef’s secret recipe is only passed
TEST FOR UNIT 1
I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
1. a. pottery b. product c. workshop d. conical
2. a. surface b. layer c. frame d. birthplace
3. a. weather b. thread c. together d. rather
4. a. historical b. system c. landscape d. business
5. a. carved b. impressed c. embroidered d. weaved
II. Choose the odd one out.
1. a. craftsman b. attraction c. museum d. department
2. a. embroider b. lantern c. impress d. desire
3. a. workshop b. remind c. outskirts d. village
4. a. competition b. generation c. conical d. authenticity
5. a. family b. typical c. grandparents d. collector
III. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
1. ___________ are responsible for protecting lives and property by enforcing laws.
a. Police officers b. Firefighters c. Electricians d. Delivery persons
2. Despite the rapid pace of urbanization, craftsmen in the village still ___________ their hundred-year-old
traditional trade.
a. shorten b. collect c. preserve d. remind
3. Hương Canh pottery products are made ___________ the typical local clay.
a. from b. with c. in d. for
4. What are your neighbours like? Do you ___________ them?
a. take care of b. get on with c. look forward to d. cut down on
5. Peter still doesn’t know ___________ to travel to during his summer holiday.
a. where b. when c. how d. what
6. They are having a meeting to discuss what ___________ to help disadvantaged people in the
neighbourhood.
a. do b. doing c. to do d. they doing
7. All people should join hand in protecting the environment ___________ we can gain better health.
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a. in order that b. when c. because d. even though
8. After visiting Van Phuc village, they came ___________ to their hotel for lunch.
a. at b. up c. down d. back
9. A: Do you mind helping me carry these boxes to the first floor?
B: ____________
a. You’re welcome. b. Not at all.
c. Don’t worry. d. Never mind.
10. A: Could you show me where to eat Korean food in this area?
B: ___________ There’s a nice restaurant around the corner.
a. Sure. b. How interesting!
c. I’m fine. d. I don’t think so.
IV. Write the correct form or tense of the verbs in brackets.
1. You can’t really have seen a UFO! You __________________ (imagine) things!
2. Linda was busy when we __________________ (go) to see her yesterday. She __________________
(study) for an exam.
3. Ecologists are trying __________________ (preserve) our environment for future generations.
4. The owner of Hakata Traditional Craft and Design Museum __________________ (close) it down
because of dropping profit.
5. __________________ (you/ travel) to Paris tomorrow?
6. When we (drive) home last Sunday afternoon, we __________________ (see) a beautiful five-coloured
cloud in the sky.
7. Individuals should be responsible for __________________ (revive) local culture.
8. Jenny hopes she __________________ (visit) Bat Trang Ceramic Village at the end of the semester.
9. When they first moved to this neighbourhood, they __________________ (not know) anyone.
10. My housemate usually __________________ (take) care of my cat when I’m away.
V. Write the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. The price of clay, supplies and equipment is a small percentage of the total cost to __________________
pottery. (product)
2. He started the youth group to keep local __________________ off the streets. (young)
3. Poem conical hats are believed to come from Tay Ho Village in Hue, which was __________________
famous for hat makers. (skill)
4. The medieval castle still maintains its __________________ furniture and design. (origin)
5. Craft village tourism has also proved an __________________, receiving great attention from visitors,
especially foreign tourists. (attract)
6. Mass __________________ started in 1989 when the first 340 Windsurf guests arrived. (tour)
7. The government can provide funding for the __________________ of traditional arts. (preserve)
8. We’d better get an __________________ to check the wiring before we start decorating. (electric)
9. Vietnamese people have a strong desire to maintain a distinct __________________ identity. (culture)
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10. In Asian cultures, various types of bamboo __________________ strength, resilience, and peace.
(symbol)
VI. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the
following sentences.
1. Annalise has just moved to this company, and she hopes to get up with other colleagues.
A. has just moved B. and
C. get up with D. other colleagues
2. Tho Ha village gate has nice, large and antique architecture making by skillful hands of the
village’s craftsmen.
A. architecture B. making C. of D. craftsmen
3. Chinese Painting became popularly around 581 AD since more and more people began to appreciate its
beauty.
A. popularly B. around C. since D. to appreciate
4. In order that promote the development of the craft village, more support from local authorities is needed.
A. In order that B. of C. support D. is
5. Careful planning is very important to help craft villages growing and flourish to attract more tourists to
the country.
A. planning B. growing C. more D. to the country
6. Some tourists asked the tour guide what to purchase a transport card from the ticket machine.
A. Some tourists B. what C. transport card D. ticket machine
7. Some of the most excited architecture in Britain can be found in Manchester and the nearby Salford
Quays area.
A. of B. excited C. found D. nearby
8. Artisans in the traditional craft village are facing difficulties in seeking markets for their product.
A. are B. difficulties in C. markets D. product
VII. Complete the conversation with the sentences from the box (A - F).

Joe: I am planning to visit Vung Tau at the end of this month.

Linh: (1) ___________________
Joe: But I still don’t know where to look around. (2) ___________________

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Linh: Sure. There are some popular places of interest such as Christ The King Statue, the lighthouse,
and of course the beaches there.
Joe: Sounds fascinating! (3) ___________________
Linh: There are various choices that you can consider, such as by bike, by coach or even on cruise.
Joe: Hmm, I think travelling by coach may be the best choice. (4) ___________________
Linh: Not at all, “banh khot” is a must-try ... and don’t forget to eat the seafood.
(5) ___________________
Joe: Thank you so much! I think my trip will be great!
Linh: (6)
VIII. Choose the correct answers to complete the passage.
Jalan Hang Jebat, or (1) _______________ known as Jonker Walk, is a street in (2) _______________
Chinatown of Melaka starting just across the river from the Dutch Square. Jonker Walk is flanked on (3)
_______________ sides of the road with heritage houses dating (4) _______________ to the 17th century.
At that time, rich Baba Nonyas (also known as Perankans, descendants of 15th - 16th century Chinese
immigrants marrying local Malay women) lived and (5) _______________ their business here.
Today, the street houses many shops selling antiques, textiles, (6) _______________ and souvenirs (similar
to what you can find at Central Market in Kuala Lumpur). On the weekends, starting Friday night at 6pm,
the road is closed (7) _______________ to traffic and turns in a very crowded night market. The famous
Chicken Rice Ball dish (8) _______________ also be found here, just opposite the start of Jonker Walk
near the bridge.
1. a. common b. commonly c. commony d. commoned
2. a. history b. historian c. historical d. historically
3. a. both b. each c. every d. very
4. a. in b. back c. on d. for
5. a. lived b. made c. did d. put
6. a. cars b. handicrafts c. houses d. rice
7. a. after b. in c. out d. off
8. a. must b. should c. might d. can
IX. Read the text carefully, then do the tasks.
The earth is warming at an alarming rate, and humans are running out of non-renewable resources. As an
individual, you’ve become increasingly aware of the impact your life has on the planet. Even if you make
every effort to live sustainably, you likely won’t do much to help the planet. However, if you take the
concept of green living beyond a personal approach and into the community, your collective effort will
make a huge difference.
One way you can inspire your community to go green is by shopping locally. That means frequenting local
farmers’ markets and small family-owned businesses, as well as farm-to-table restaurants. The goal is to
reduce food miles while supporting the local economy. This local shopping time can allow you to get to
know your community.
You might also make occasional trips to the local thrift shop or charity organization to donate food or
unwanted, lightly used items. Ask your neighbors if they have anything they’d like to donate, and offer to
take it for them. Better yet, you could even host a community clothing or food drive to collect items. Doing
this will inspire your community to think twice before tossing unwanted items in the trash, and maybe even
encourage your neighbors to purchase used items instead of heading to the store first.
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A. Find the word in bold from the passage that means:
1. often visiting _________________
2. done sometimes but not often _________________
3. throwing carelessly _________________
4. in a way that causes little or no damage to the environment _________________
5. away of dealing with something _________________
6. knowing or realizing something _________________
B. Choose the correct answer.
1. According to the first paragraph, the effort of an individual _________________.
a. can help much more than we expected.
b. isn’t enough to help save our planet.
c. will sufficiently save the earth from global warming.
d. will make a huge difference to the planet.
2. What is another word for thrift shop?
a. sale shop b. corner shop c. craft shop d. charity shop
3. What is one benefit of shopping locally?
a. You can get to know your community.
b. You can own a small business or a farm-to-table restaurant.
c. You can give yourself more local shopping time.
d. You can help to keep your community clean.
4. By encouraging people to donate used items, _________________.
a. you can host a community clothing or food drive.
b. you might only buy used items from the thrift shops.
c. your neighbors might consider before throwing away things.
d. your neighbors can offer you to take their things.
5. Which of the following is NOT true?
a. Shopping regularly at farmers’ markets is one of the good ways to go green.
b. Shopping locally not only supports the local economy but also reduces food miles.
c. It’s advisable to donate your used clothes or items to a charity organization.
d. You can inspire your neighbors to go green by throwing away unwanted things at home.
X. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word
in capital.
1. “Where should we find information about traditional craft villages?” (TO)
→ They didn’t know
2. Minh returns to his hometown every year to celebrate Tet with his family. (COME)
→ Minh

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3. The new technique is less complicated than the traditional way. (MORE)
→ The
4. When is the new air conditioner delivered to our house? (PERSON)
→ When does
5. This homemade sauce is passed down from generation to generation in my house. (HANDED)
→ This homemade sauce
6. Jonathan plans to look around Melbourne and enjoy its cuisine this Sunday. (GOING)
→ Jonathan
7. It’s obligatory not to drop litter around the tourist attractions in Singapore. (MUST)
→ You
8. “Some tourists are joining a free class in making pottery right now.” (SAID)
→ The tour guide
9. The electrical wires broke down after the thunderstorm, so they had to call an electrician. (BECAUSE)
→ They
10. The community helpers come and take care of the orphans every weekend. (LOOK)
→ The community helpers
UNIT 2.
CITY LIFE
A. PHONETICS
I. Say the words aloud, then circle the correct sound.
1. around /aʊ/ - /əʊ/ - /eə/ 2. compare /aʊ/ - /əʊ/ - /eə/
3. phone /aʊ/ - /əʊ/ - /eə/ 4. overseas /aʊ/ - /əʊ/ - /eə/
5. chairman /aʊ/ - /əʊ/ - /eə/ 6. discount /aʊ/ - /əʊ/ - /eə/
7. area /aʊ/ - /əʊ/ - /eə/ 8. underground /aʊ/ - /əʊ/ - /eə/
9. biogas /aʊ/ - /əʊ/ - /eə/ 10. metro /aʊ/ - /əʊ/ - /eə/
11. downtown /aʊ/ - /əʊ/ - /eə/ 12. square /aʊ/ - /əʊ/ - /eə/
II. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
1. a. show b. crowded c. know d. owner
2. a. coastal b. cough c. abroad d. thought
3. a. bear b. care c. airport d. ear
4. a. lighthouse b. outdoor c. young d. hour
5. a. locate b. old c.go d. borrow
6. a. fail b. repair c. waiter d. sailor
7. a. freedom b. memory c. ocean d. second
8. a. double b. trouble c. council d. country
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 9. a. grow b. now c. however d. town
10. a. seafood b. wear c. tea d. heat
B. VOCABULARY and GRAMMAR
I. Choose the word from the box and write it next to the correct definition.
downtown sky train construction site public amenities

traffic congestion concrete jungle metro rush hour

1. the centre of the city, especially its main business area ____________________
2. an underground train system ____________________
3. the time, usually twice a day, when the roads are full of traffic and trains are crowded because people
travelling to or from work ____________________
4. something, such as swimming pool or shopping centre, that is intended to make life more pleasant or
comfortable for people ____________________
5. an area of a city that has many large modern buildings and few trees or parks _________________
6. the state of being crowded and full of traffic ____________________
7. a type of transport that runs on a railway high above the ground ____________________
8. an area of land where something is being built ____________________
II. Complete the sentences with words from part I.
1. In Viet Nam, the morning ____________________ typically begins around 7am and can last until 9am.
2. This area is called a ____________________ because of the numerous high-rise blocks of flats.
3. Parks, schools, shopping centres, or sports facilities are considered ____________________.
4. There have been many complaints about the noise from the ____________________ of the new
shopping mall.
5. There was a serious car accident on the highway, which led to terrible ____________________.
6. Let’s go to the ____________________ in the evening. All the popular restaurants are located there.
7. When in Bangkok, you can use its ____________________, which is an elevated rapid transit system.
8. You can explore Kuala Lumpur by making use of the ____________________ system.
III. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
1. When you travel to big cities in Europe, watch out for ______________ and keep your belongings close
to you.
a. cafeteria b. pickpocket c. discount d. hygiene
2. One of the main reasons for air pollution is ______________ from petrol vehicles.
a. exhaust b. oil c. electricity d. engine
3. We were late for our flight to Madrid because we got ______________ in an awful traffic jam.
a. packed b. wasted c. stuck d. thrown
4. Come to the fishing market in the morning, and you can see how ______________ it is.
a. congested b. street-safe c. teen-friendly d. bustling
5. The railway station was criticized for its lack of disabled ______________.
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a. facilities b. system c. schedule d. preparation
6. The library also offers a private learning ______________ for students who buy membership.
a. field b. gap c. space d. location
7. Tan Son Nhat airport is heavily ______________ during public holidays.
a. free b. congested c. empty d. closed
8. Food waste can be collected and ______________ into biogas with no harm to the environment.
a. prepared b. treated c. disposed d. processed
9. We are looking for someone who is ______________ and hard-working.
a. hopeful b. lacked c. reliable d. smooth
10. This application ______________ the departure and arrival time of every bus within the city.
a. attracts b. upgrades c. renews d. updates
11. Cindy always cooks a big dinner, then uses the ______________ to make lunch for the next day.
a. leftovers b. meals c. recipes d. menus
12. The town has a(n) ______________ centre, which holds concerts of local artists every weekend.
a. shopping b. entertainment c. sports d. city
13. If you want to avoid traffic congestion, you can travel by ______________. There’s a direct line from
airport to the city centre.
a. car b. bus c. bike d. underground
14. Products sold at souvenir shops inside a tourist attraction is often very ______________.
a. precious b. helpful c. pricey d. effective
IV. Complete the sentences with the suitable form of the adjectives or adverbs in brackets.
1. Tokyo is one of ______________ cities in the world. (liveable)
2. You should go by train, it would be much ______________. (cheap)
3. Universal Studios is by far ______________ place to visit in Singapore. (good)
4. The price of electronic devices in Vietnam is not ______________ that in Japan. (reasonable)
5. Today is ______________ day I’ve had in a long time. (bad)
6. Your team is much ______________ today than last week. (lucky)
7. Of the four participants, Bill is ______________ experienced. (little)
8. I didn’t want to wake anybody up, so I came in ______________ I could. (quietly)
9. I ran pretty far yesterday, but I ran even a lot ______________ today. (far)
10. Singapore is the second ______________ destination in Asia. (popular)
V. Complete the text with the most suitable form of the adjectives in brackets. Add the when
necessary.
New York City (NYC) is considered as one of (1) ______________ (good) places to live in the world. The
city of New York is (2) ______________ (densely populated) in the US with a population of about 8.55
million spread over an area of 305 square miles. Although New York and San Francisco are probably two
of (3) ______________ (iconic) cities in America, the former seems to attract more tourists thanks to a
wide range of landscapes and activities it offers. In addition, its standard of living is also a strong point. It’s
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hard to believe, but rent is actually (4) ______________ (cheap) than other cities. It’s a fun fact that city
life isn’t just (5) ______________ (good), it’s (6) ______________ (lengthy): NYC residents
live about two years (7) ______________ (long) than the national average. Remarkably, NYC has the
second (8) ______________ (large) Jewish population in the world - a massive influence on the city’s
identity. This is the city that most people surveyed said they would want to visit this year.
VI. Underline the correct answer.
1. The more popular / most popular a tourist site is, the more crowded it becomes.
2. The more plastic people throw away, the harmful / more harmful it is to the environment.
3. The more polluted the air gets, the thicker / more thick the layer of dust you see in the city.
4. The gooder / better the healthcare system is, the more people move to big cities.
5. The earlier / more early we arrive at the harbor, the greater view we get to see the fireworks.
6. The more fastly / faster Andy runs, the more / most chance he can win the race.
7. The more unhealthy / unhealthier the food we eat, the worse / worst our health becomes.
8. The loudly / more loudly the audience cheered for the singer, the more energetically / energetic he
performed.
9. The more advanced / advanceder the public transport system is, the more convenient/ more
conveniently it is to travel around.
10. The closer / more close you are to the construction site, the more noisy/ noisier it is all day long.
VII. Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first one.
1. Real Madrid is not as good as Real Zaragoza.
→ Real Zaragoza is
2. He thinks no language in the world is more difficult than Chinese.
→ He thinks Chinese is
3. He’s the most talented musician in the orchestra.
→ No musician
4. If the public amenities are more diverse, people’s lives will be more comfortable.
→ The more
5. The sight of ancient buildings is more eye-catching than that of the concrete jungle.
→ The sight of the concrete jungle
6. Mary thinks Melbourne is the most “liveable” city in Australia.
→ Mary thinks Melbourne
7. Lifestyle in Malaysia is the same as Thailand.
→ Lifestyle in Malaysia is
8. Beijing is much busier than Ho Chi Minh City.
→ Ho Chi Minh City isn’t
9. When we are getting more exhausted, we feel more unmotivated to finish our work.
→ The more

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10. If people use public transport more frequently, there will be less traffic congestion.
→ The more
VIII. Underline the correct answer.
1. The authority will carry out / in / up a campaign to plant trees along the city roads.
2. Do not throw up / away / back the leftovers, as they can be used for your next meal.
3. Many young people enjoy hanging up / around / out with friends at the shopping mall.
4. How do people in Melbourne get around / out / up the city? ~ By car or tram.
5. Anna should cut through / across / down on fatty foods if she wants to lose weight.
6. Some athletes have dropped out / away / ojf of the marathon because it’s caused traffic congestion.
7. I got caught in the rain yesterday, and now I think I’m coming up / down / across with a cold.
8. Hey Danny, your phone keeps ringing loudly. Please pick it out / on / up.
9. The police haven’t found for / out / against the cause of the multi-vehicle crash on the highway.
10. The residents in this apartment complex always look for / forward / after each other.
IX. Use a phrasal verb from the list to replace the words underlined.
went on go over got on with getting over looking forward to
think over came across knock down took care of turned down
1. She’s never had a good relationship with __________________ her sister.
2. Maria is slowly recovering from __________________ her illness.
3. I found __________________ this article while I was doing my project.
4. Could you examine __________________ this report and correct any mistakes?
5. He refused __________________ the job because it sounded boring.
6. She continued __________________ talking about her trip although everyone found it tiring.
7. I need some time to consider __________________ his proposal.
8. My mother says she’s feeling happy and excited about __________________ meeting you.
9. The city is going to destroy __________________ the old train station and build a new library.
10. Our neighbour looked after __________________ our cats while we were away.
X. Choose the correct verb from the box to complete each phrasal verb. Make any changes if
necessary.
set carry pull find dress
take cheer pick go get
1. Kate and her partner are ___________ up their own printing business.
2. Many of those old buildings will soon be ___________ down.
3. I have to get up early tomorrow and go to the airport to ___________ up my brother.
4. Our neighbourhood is ___________ out a plan to reduce the amount of daily plastic waste.
5. One of the actors was unwell and couldn’t ___________ on with the performance.
6. They were ___________ up in old sheets, pretending to be ghosts.
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7. Please ___________ your shoes off before entering the temple.
8. We may never ___________ out the truth about what happened.
9. It’s taken me ages to ___________ over the flu.
10. ___________ up! You can get a better grade if you study harder next time.
XI. Fill in each blank with a suitable preposition.
1. Despite the high cost ___________ living, London is a great place to live.
2. This restaurant in the city centre is very famous, so you have to book the table ___________ advance.
3. City dwellers are more likely to suffer ___________ stress and anxiety than people who live in the
countryside.
4. It’s easy to get around Melbourne ___________ tram, and there are some tram lines that offer free
service.
5. We went to the airport before the rush hour to avoid getting stuck ___________ traffic jam.
6. The historic city Melaka is 122 kilometers away ___________ Kuala Lumpur.
7. West Hampstead has a variety ___________ good shops and supermarkets.
8. The hotels were packed ___________ tourists during high season.
c. SPEAKING
I. Write questions for the underlined parts.
1. A:
______________________________________________________________________________________
____
B: The capital of Korea is Seoul.
2. A:
______________________________________________________________________________________
____
B: Seoul is located in the northwest corner of South Korea.
3. A:
______________________________________________________________________________________
____
B: Seoul was founded as the capital of Korea in 1394.
4. A:
______________________________________________________________________________________
____
B: The population of Seoul is about 9.8 million.
5. A:
______________________________________________________________________________________
____
B: The weather in Seoul is warm and humid in the summer but cold and snowy in the winter.
6. A:
______________________________________________________________________________________
____
B: There are 27 bridges across Han River throughout the city.
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7. A:
______________________________________________________________________________________
____
B: N Seoul Tower is the best attraction In Seoul.
8. A:
______________________________________________________________________________________
____
B: K-pop appeals to youngsters because of its unique, quirky costumes, dance moves and catchy songs.
II. Choose the best answer to complete the conversations.
1. A: Would you like some help to lift that heavy suitcase up?
B: _____________________
a. Yes, with pleasure. b. Sure. I’ll help you.
c. Not at all. d. Thank you. That’s so kind of you.
2. A: Oh no! The bus drivers are on strike today.
B: Don’t worry. _____________________
a. How long will it last? b. Let’s go to work by bus.
c. I can drive you to work today. d. Going by bus is much faster than driving.
3. A: Mum, are you doing the housework? _____________________
B: Yes. Can you vacuum the floor for me?
a. Can you help me with this?
b. I could show you how to do it.
c. Do you need a hand with anything?
d. If you want, I will do it.
4. A: Good evening! How’s it going?
B: _____________________
a. Not bad. I’ve been so busy this week, though.
b. Most people enjoy living in the cities.
c. The city is overcrowded and polluted.
d. Yeah. I will miss you a lot.
5. A: I can take you to a popular BBQ restaurant if you like.
B: ______________
a. You’re welcome. It’s my pleasure.
b. That would be great, thanks!
c. Excellent! You did a great job.
d. I didn’t know you like barbecue.
d. READING
I. Complete the passage with words from the box.

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 salary enact standard dealt
material accommodation attract number
With the socioeconomic development, more and more cities around the world have been (1)
______________ with the shortage of housing. These days, there are a large (2) ______________ of
laborers flooding into city centers to search for suitable jobs with high level of (3) ______________, As a
result, the demand of the (4) ______________ has risen significantly than ever before because the demands
outweigh the supplies. Moreover, most people would like to live in cities because they have a higher (5)
______________ of living than that of the countryside. Obviously, with stable and high income of the
employees, they would have a better cultural life as well as (6) ______________ life in cities.
To address this social problem, governments should call for investment in the countryside to (7)
______________ labor forces. In addition, they also need to put an effort into raising a great deal of money
to build more skyscrapers to meet demands of housing and (8) ______________ a law that sets strict
conditions to work and to live in cities.
II. Read the text carefully, then choose the correct answers.
Life in the big city is face-paced, fun and exciting. There are countless job opportunities and activities to
occupy your time. However, with the good, there also comes the bad. Although the big city has more job
opportunities; there are also more people competing for a single job. This can make your job search
frustrating. Oddly enough, you will see hundreds, if not thousands of jobs available each week, but you still
might remain unemployed, especially when the economy is down. In addition, the cost of living is typically
higher in big cities, and it can cost you an arm and a leg for a small apartment in a decent area of the city,
not to mention other costs to fulfill your basic demands. Diversity is a good thing, but the amount of people
can be a bit overwhelming if you are not accustomed to it. There will always be crowds and always be
people around. Moreover, traffic can be a nightmare in the big city. It can get so bad that it can turn you
into an evil person. If you hate driving in traffic, then the big city life is not for you. Heavy traffic also
contributes to the pollution, which is one of the biggest disadvantages of living in the city. Obviously, our
health is affected most with certain diseases relating to respiratory system and other body parts. A lot of
premature deaths are supposed to be the result of long-term exposure to small particles. Most importantly,
there is always more crime in a big city, causing you second case your decision for living in a big city. You
are much more likely to be a victim of a crime living in a big city than in a small town.
1. According to the passage, some good things of living in the city are ______________.
a. excellent educational system and recreational activities
b. excellent educational system and countless job opportunities
c. countless job opportunities and activities to occupy your time
d. a lot of kinds of entertainment and shopping centers
2. While big cities have more job opportunities, they also give ______________.
a. more competition for a single job
b. higher salary
c. growing economic crisis
d. greater chances of being unemployed
3. What does the phrase “cost an arm and a leg” mean?
a. your legs and arms have good value
b. cost a small amount of money
c. you must work hard to earn money
d. cost a lot of money
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4. According to the paragraph, city is not a perfect place for ______________.
a. extroverted people
b. introverted people
c. people who hate driving in traffic
d. people who prefer a busy life
5. In the big city, people tend to ______________ when traffic is getting heavy.
a. go crazy b. get enough time to relax
c. wait a bit longer d. slow down themselves
6. Which of the following sentences is NOT true?
a. Pollution causes health problems.
b. Cities are always crowded.
c. It costs a lot of money to live in a big city.
d. Crime is not a serious problem in big cities.
e. WRITING
I. Write sentences with the cues given.
1. higher/ the living standards/ be/ larger/ the demand/ public amenities/ be
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
2. these days/ more/ more/ people/ be/ suffer/ air pollution
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
3. Manila/ densely populated/ polluted/ than/ Bangkok
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
4. she/ spend/ most/ time/ surf/ net/ information/ the next trip
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
5. Van Gogh/ have/ major influence/ development/ modern painting
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
6. despite/ Brexit,/ London/ remain/ one/ most/ open/ cosmopolitan/ city/ the world
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
7. the house/ that/ we/ rent/ London/ last year / be/ fully/ furnish
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
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8. people/ face/ large/ amount/ environmental problems/ every day
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
II. Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first sentence.
1. As the street was getting more and more crowded, it was harder for us to drive home.
→ The
2. I think I’m getting a cold because of the unpredictable weather.
→ I think I’m coming
3. It took us more than 3 hours to discover the inner Hanoi.
→ We spent
4. No other book is more popular than Dickens’ “David Copperfield”.
→ Dickens’ “David Copperfield” is
5. Why don’t you consider our suggestion before making official decision?
→ Why don’t you think
6. Watching TV is not as important as doing homework.
→ Doing homework
7. My friend plays piano brilliantly.
→ My friend is
8. We’re trying to reduce the amount of plastic in our house.
→ We’re trying to cut

TEST FOR UNIT 2

I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
1. a. road b. broad c. goal d. soap
2. a. crown b. show c. blow d. shadow
3. a. conflict b. forbidden c. reliable d. determine
4. a. lighthouse b. heritage c. hotel d. hour
5. a. conducts b. returns c. wanders d. wonders
II. Choose the odd one out.
1. a. negative b. determine c. forbidden d. attraction
2. a. access b. wander c. conduct d. discount
3. a. amenity b. entertainment c. reliable d. authority
4. a. acceptable b. affordable c. reliable d. fashionable
5. a. skyscraper b. populous c. financial d. fabulous
III. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.

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1. All the restaurants in the city have to follow strict food __________ regulations.
a. space b. hygiene c. amenity d. rate
2. The world’s largest fully operational __________ network is in Melbourne. It’s a vehicle driven by
electricity that runs on rails along the streets.
a. tram b. bus c. sky train d. underground
3. It’s forbidden to park __________ the pavement in this neighbourhood. You can be fined heavily.
a. in b. with c. on d. at
4. Tower blocks from the 60s and 70s could be __________ after Grenfell Tower fire.
a. got down b. let down c. turned down d. pulled down
5. The trip to the National Gallery has been __________ until next Friday.
a. put off b. looked into c. turned up d. found out
6. The street food in Hoi An is delicious and __________.
a. available b. fabulous c. affordable d. fascinating
7. “I can show you around the town if you like.” - “__________ I really appreciate it.”
a. You’re welcome. b. I don’t think so.
c. Thanks. d. Yes, I can.
8. “__________” – “Thanks a lot. That’s very kind of you.”
a. I’d like you to carry your boxes.
b. Would you like me to help you carry these boxes?
c. Are you kind enough to carry my boxes?
d. Why don’t you carry these boxes?
9. Life in Ho Chi Minh City is __________ than we thought at first.
a. far the busier b. the more busier
c. much more busy d. much busier
10. The cheese __________ you put on the pizza, the __________ it will taste.
a. most - good b. much - good c. many - better d. more - better
IV. Write the correct form or tense of the verbs in brackets.
1. Summer _____________________ (really/ not begin) in Rio de Janeiro until late November.
2. What tends _____________________ (happen) is that the poorest families end up in the worst housing.
3. They hope that they _____________________ (go) on a trip to Pattaya next summer.
4. The Statue of Liberty _____________________ (originally/ design) for the Suez Canal in Egypt.
5. Many scientists _____________________ (still/ search) for life in other parts of the universe.
6. Peter, you’re riding too fast. You _____________________ (hit) the lamp post.
7. The kids _____________________ (play) in the garden when it suddenly began to rain.
8. As soon as Daddy and Jonathan finish _____________________ (get) dressed, we’ll go to the
amusement park.

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9. We _____________________ (choose) to travel by MRT when we visited Singapore.
10. If you ride in the cycle lane during rush hour, you _____________________ (avoid) traffic congestion.
V. Write the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. Hoi An is known as the centre for very _____________________ custom-made clothing. (afford)
2. He was a very _____________________ and honest man who would never betray anyone. (rely)
3. Toronto is officially named the most _____________________ city in Canada. (culture)
4. The town’s most popular _____________________ is the Marine Science Museum. (attract)
5. With around 295,000 residents, Luxembourg is the least _____________________ province of Belgium.
(populate)
6. The illustration shows examples of _____________________ dress in the late 1840s. (fashion)
7. Some ongoing road contructions have caused heavy traffic _____________________ in the district.
(congest)
8. Vienna was named the world’s most _____________________ city in 2023. (live)
9. People in Melbourne _____________________ get around by tram or train every day. (most)
10. If the bus _____________________ late, this application will update its new schedule immediately.
(arrival)
VI. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the
following questions.
1. Last year, 16% of the EU population (75 million people) suffered with material and social deprivation.
A. of B. million C. with D. deprivation
2. What buildings are being demolish to make way for the development?
A. buildings B. being demolish
C. for D. development
3. In terms of GDP rankings. New York is the most second wealthiest city in the world.
A. terms B. ranking
C. the most second D. wealthiest
4. Operated between 06:00 and 24:00, KL monorail trains arrive once every five minutes during
peak traveling hours.
A. Operated B. once C. every D. during peak
5. It’s by far more expensive if you hire car for discovering Kuala Lumpur.
A. by far B. hire C. for D. discovering
6. The spectacular Royal Palace of the Imperial City is one of Hue’s main tourist attraction.
A. spectacular B. of C. Imperial City D. attraction
7. She remained calmly and waited till he had finished shouting at her.
A. calmly B. waited C. till D. had finished
8. Martin was chosen because she is a good administrator who gets along for everyone.
A. was chosen B. administrator C. who D. for

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VII. Complete the conversation with the sentences from the box (A - G).

Mai: Hey Scott. How was your holiday?

Scott: It was great. (1) ______________________
Mai: Wow. (2) ______________________
Scott: It is. However, there are many problems since London is a big city and also the capital of
England.
Mai: Really? (3) ______________________
Scott: First, the city is overpopulated, which has led to traffic congestion.
Mai: How do people there usually travel?
Scott: (4) ______________________. Besides, we can use buses or trams, but they are packed with
people during rush hours.
Mai: I see. What are the other problems?
Scott: Well, London suffers from serious air pollution. (5) ______________________
Mai: I think the problems are the same as those in Vietnam.
Scott: (6) ______________________
Mai: I hope so. (7) ______________________
Scott: Sure. You’ll always be welcomed!
VIII. Choose the correct answers to complete the passage.
Tokyo is Japan’s capital and largest city. It’s also one of the largest cities in the world. (1) ____________
in 1457, Tokyo has grown into a major part of a(n) (2) ____________ region that also includes the cities of
Yokohama and Kawasaki. The metropolitan region, also known as Greater Tokyo, has over 30 million
residents, (3) ____________ makes it one of the largest metropolitan areas in the world.
Tokyo today is a very welcoming metropolis. Tourists (4) ____________ about the streets, taking in
Japanese culture. Hundreds of shrines and temples adorn the city. Shinto and Buddhism are the major (5)
____________ of Japan. Tourists can also experience Japanese cuisine. There are thousands of restaurants
(6) ____________ Tokyo. You can choose from
noodle shops, sushi bars, or even McDonald’s with special Japan-(7) ____________ items found only in
Japan.
If you ever have the chance to visit Japan, make sure you stop in Tokyo for (8) ____________ a few days.
1. a. Found b. Founded c. Founding d. Finded

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 2. a. metropolitan b. influence c. attractive d. complex
3. a. what b. which c. that d. this
4. a. run b. show c. drive d. roam
5. a. provinces b. attractions c. festivals d. religions
6. a. at b. in c. on d. of
7. a. inspire b. inspiring c. inspired d. inspiration
8. a. at time b. at all c. at least d. at first
IX. Read the text carefully, then do the tasks.
Toronto is one of the world’s most multicultural cities. Almost half of its population are immigrants. You’ll
hear more than 140 languages and dialects spoken on the streets in this “City of Neighborhoods”. It’s the
most populous city in Canada (more than 5 million in the Greater Toronto Area) and the province of
Ontario’s economic engine. Toronto’s motto is “Diversity Our Strength”. Toronto prides itself on its wide
range of cultures, languages, food and arts.
Visit Toronto, and one of the first things you’ll notice is that the city’s appeal lies in its citizens’
friendliness: ask for directions, and you’ll be helped. Along with its highly artistic culture and fascinating
museums that proudly display the country’s history, it’s clear that a Toronto trip has something for
everyone.
Although Toronto’s climate is partially moderated by its Great Lakes location, it is more extreme than
Bordeaux’s and Christchurch’s, with somewhat hotter summers and considerably colder winters.
Summertime in Toronto is festival time. Just about every weekend, and some weekdays, you’ll find one
happening. If crowds aren’t your thing, avoid Caribana festival (July 28 through July 31), when the city
greets more than one million visitors.
A. Decide whether the following sentences are true (T) or false (F).
1. _____ Nearly 50% of the population of Toronto is foreign-born.
2. _____ Greater Toronto Area has a population of more than 5 million.
3. _____ Toronto is proud of its diverse cultures, languages, food and arts.
4. _____ It’s hard to ask for directions when you visit Toronto.
5. _____ Toronto’s weather is enjoyable throughout the year.
B. Answer the following questions.
6. _____ How is the climate in Toronto?
7. _____ When is the festival time in Toronto?
8. _____ How many visitors does the city greet in Caribana festival?
X. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word
in capital.
1. This gym is less convenient than the one near my house. (AS)
→ This gym
2. Mount Everest is higher than any other mountain in the world. (HIGHEST)
→ Mount Everest
3. I used to spend a lot of time with Amanda at the entertainment center. (HANG)
→ I used to
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4. The group plans to establish an import business. (SET)
→ The group plans to
5. As the canal gets more and more polluted, the residents’ health becomes worse (MORE)
→ The
6. They’re trying to find a small apartment in downtown Los Angeles. (LOOK)
→ They’re trying to
7. Jonah had obviously made an effort to put on smart clothes for the occasion. (UP)
→ Jonah had obviously made an effort to
8. Losing weight is not so easy as putting on weight. (DIFFICULT)
→ Losing weight
XI. Make an outline, then write a short paragraph (100-150 words) to tell about ONE problem that
your city is facing. Use the cue questions below.
What is that problem?
What causes that problem?
How does it affect people’s life?
Are there any solutions for that problem? If yes, what are they?
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________

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______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
UNIT 3.
HEALTHY LIVING
FOR TEENS
A. PHONETICS
I. Say the words in brackets. Then choose the correct word to complete the sentence.
1. (head / red) She nodded her _____________ in agreement.
2. (habit / rabbit) I saw a wild _____________ in my garden two days ago.
3. (heel / real) Pinocchio wanted to be a _____________ live boy.
4. (heat / read) If you _____________ water to 100°C it turns to steam.
5. (hat/rat) A _____________ looks like a large mouse.
6. (hide / ride) Children can easily _____________ in small spaces.
7. (height / right) ‘It’s not easy.’ - ‘Yeah, you’re _____________.’
8. (healthy / ready) Stay _____________ by eating well and exercising regularly.
9. (rope / hope) The police tied a _____________ around his waist and pulled him up.
10. (haze / raise) She finds it quite hard to _____________ the children on her own.
II. Read the sentences aloud. Then underline the words that have the sounds /h/ and /r/.
1. They kidnapped that handsome actor and asked for a huge ransom.
2. My daughter has the habit of hugging her stuffed rabbit when sleeping.
3. I really hope the hail doesn’t affect the rail system.
4. The artist captured pictures of the rare white hare in Yorkshire.
5. Racking and hacking are two distinct terms with different meanings.
6. Do rooks really make the best hooks?
7. She watched him steadily over the rim of her cup.
8. Get your garden ready for the heady days of the summer season.
B. VOCABULARY and GRAMMAR
I. Match the adjectives with their definitions.
1. physical a. so worried and tired that you cannot relax
2. mental b. likely to make you fat
3. well-balanced c. connected with a person’s body rather than their mind
4. optimistic d. more than what was agreed or expected
5. stressed out e. having good health and not likely to become ill
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 6. healthy f. always believing that good things will happen
7. additional g. having the right amounts of all the different parts that make up something
8. fattening h. relating to the health or state of someone’s mind
Your answers:
1. _____ 2. _____ 3. _____ 4. _____ 5. _____ 6. _____ 7. _____ 8. _____
II. Complete the sentences with the adjectives in part I.
1. If you feel _____________, you should take a break in the sun.
2. Fruits and vegetables are an important part of a _____________ diet because they are rich in vitamins
and minerals.
3. I'm feeling _____________ about my chances of getting this job.
4. Although I prefer outdoor _____________ activity, exercising indoors on the elliptical machine is fine.
5. A(n) _____________ charge is made on baggage exceeding the weight allowance.
6. It’s important to have a(n) _____________ meal that includes all the food groups in the right
proportions.
7. Chicken fried steak is one of the most _____________ foods on earth.
8. Stress can cause _____________ health problems such as anxiety and depression.
III. Complete the sentences with the words or phrases from the box.
counsellors priority balance due date distractions
anxiety celebrities deadline assignments mood
1. If payment is not made by the _____________, 10% will be added to the bill.
2. A relaxing break can help to reset your _____________, thereby reducing stress.
3. Many online students find it hard to concentrate on coursework due to too many ____________.
4. High school _____________ will help students create academic and career plans.
5. Students should keep a _____________ between study and breaks.
6. Do you think we’ll be able to meet the _____________ this Saturday?
7. Should schoolwork always be a student’s first _____________?
8. It’s true that exams can cause stress and _____________ among students.
9. Students have to complete their _____________ within the given time frame.
10. Teenagers love chatting about their favourite _____________ with friends.
IV. Complete the sentences with the correct form or tense of the verbs in the box.
maintain balance delay distract manage
prioritise accomplish overcome concentrate keep away
1. Students keep _____________ their homework and ultimately fail to complete them on time.
2. If you _____________ your time well, you can improve your work life and lower your stress.
3. Task lists help you keep track of what you need to do and _____________ the most important tasks.
4. Healthy eating and regular physical activities will help you _____________ good health.
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5. I hope I _____________ the task in two days, but I’m not sure.
6. Can you turn off the TV please? It _____________ me from my homework.
7. If you want _____________ from stress, you should practice yoga or meditation.
8. She _____________ all of the obstacles in her way and became an Olympic champion.
9. Matt _____________ on reading his book, so he didn't notice me come in.
10. Creating a schedule is essential _____________ school and social life.
V. Choose the correct option to complete the sentences.
1. If the restaurant is fully booked, we _____________ order a takeaway. (can/ must/ may)
2. You _____________ catch a cold if you don’t put on a jacket. (should/ might/ couldn’t)
3. If you are trying to lose weight, you _____________ drink artificially sweetened drinks. (won’t/ can’t/
shouldn’t)
4. You _____________ cross a road if you are facing a red pedestrian light. (mustn’t/ can’t/ won’t)
5. If teens spend too much time on social media, they _____________ put their health and education at risk.
(should/ must/ may)
6. If you exercise regularly, you _____________ feel healthier. (may/ can/ will)
7. You _____________ improve your spoken English if you practise regularly. (must/ can/ should)
8. If you want to have good health, you _____________ try to eat a healthy, balanced diet. (can/ will/
should)
9. If you want to lose weight, you _____________ reduce carbs in small, simple ways. (can/ have to/
might)
10. If he wants to be healthier, he _____________ stop smoking and drinking alcohol. (ought to/ could/
will)
VI. Match the first half of the sentence in A with the second half in B.
A B
1. If he doesn’t come soon, a. we are going to stay in and watch TV.
2. You may leave the room b. if you want to have a good-looking body shape.
3. If you don’t want to be overweight, c. you will get a discount of 15%.
4. If you learn texting shortcuts, d. we will have to leave without him.
5. You must exercise regularly e. if you run a bit faster.
6. If you register for the course soon, f. you shouldn’t eat too much sugar.
7. You might win the race g. if you’ve finished the test.
8. If it rains this afternoon, h. if he revises every day.
9. Juan could pass his exams i. can you put the chicken in the oven?
10. If you get home before me j. you can save a lot of time.
Your answers:
1. ____ 2. ____ 3. ____ 4. ____ 5. ____ 6. ____ 7. ____ 8. ____ 9. ____ 10. ___

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VII. Complete the conditional sentences with the correct tense or form of the verbs in brackets.
Add will or other modal verbs if necessary.
1. You might catch a cold if you __________________ (take) a shower late at night.
2. My sister __________________ (not make) a cake if she doesn’t have enough ingredients.
3. If you want to improve your English, you __________________ (read) more books.
4. If you __________________ (not follow) the road rules, you may be fined.
5. You __________________ (take) a break from work if you feel stressed.
6. If Beth __________________ (not stop) eating so much junk food, she won’t be slim.
7. If it isn’t hot tomorrow, we __________________ (not go) to the beach.
8. How __________________ (you / study) online if you don’t have a computer?
9. If you don’t sleep enough, you __________________ (feel) tired and irritable the next day.
10. She’s going to take a vacation next week if she __________________ (get) time off work.
11. She __________________ (leave) early if she’s finished her work.
12. If you want to pass the Entrance Test overall, you __________________ (pass) every part of the test.
VIII. Complete the sentences using the conditional type 1.
1. You should check your writing carefully or you may make mistakes.
→ If
2. We should leave right now or we won’t get there in time.
→ If
3. Dave shouldn’t ride his bike on the pavement or he can be fined.
→ If
4. Katie should eat enough fruits and veggies or she could become deficient in vitamins and minerals.
→ If
5. You shouldn’t spend too much time in front of a screen or you won’t have time to study.
→ If
6. You should fix your computer or you won’t be able to attend your online class.
→ If
7. He should practice speaking English frequently or he can’t improve his speaking skills.
→ If
8. You should study hard or you won’t pass the entrance exam.
→ If
IX. Choose the correct answers.
1. You will be fined heavily if you ____________ the speed limit.
a. exceeded b. are exceeding c. will exceed d. exceed
2. If you don’t understand the lesson, you ____________ your teacher for help.
a. would ask b. should ask c. will ask d. mustn’t ask

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3. She ____________ her cooking skills a lot if she joins the cooking class.
a. improves b. is improving c. can improve d. should improve
4. If the weather ____________ fine tomorrow, we may go for a swim.
a. is b. were c. will be d. would be
5. Matt will fail his exams if he ____________ working harder.
a. starts b. will start c. doesn’t start d. didn’t start
6. I usually get nervous if I ____________ in front of a group.
a. can speak b. will speak c. should speak d. have to speak
7. If they ____________ the technical issues, their website might lose visitors.
a. fix b. don’t fix c. won’t fix d. fixed
8. If you ____________ a bike on the roads, you ____________ the road rules.
a. ride – obey b. are riding - can obey
c. are riding - must obey d. ride - will obey
9. If temperatures, forest fires ____________ more frequent.
a. rise - will become b. will rise – become
c. are rising - might become d. don’t rise - can become
10. If you ____________ enough sleep each night, your heal ____________ that risk.
a. get - may be b. don’t get - could be
c. are getting - will be d. don’t get - must be
X. Write the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. Many people enjoy the pleasures and ____________ of living in a city center. (convenient)
2. Try to lose weight ____________, by exercising more and eating better foods. (health)
3. We’d better get an ____________ to check the wiring before we start decorating. (electric)
4. The government can provide funding for the ____________ of traditional arts. (preserve)
5. Keeping yourself physically healthy will allow you to feel better and more ____________ every day.
(energy)
6. What makes cities so ____________ to countryside people? (attract)
7. Please turn the TV down. It is ____________ me from my homework. (distraction)
8. After the final exams, we ____________ waited for our results. (anxiety)
9. Road traffic ____________ is a major urban transport problem. (congest)
10. Houses in the city are now too ____________ for young people to afford. (price)
XI. Fill in each blank with a suitable preposition.
1. We’re trying to strike a balance ____________ fun and learning.
2. Exams can bring ____________ stress and anxiety among students.
3. It’s important to look ____________ your metal health and wellbeing.
4. You should praise the children ____________ their effort rather than their achievement.

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5. Students usually feel nervous and anxious ____________ an examination.
6. One of the best ways to take care ____________ yourself is by doing exercise regularly.
7. We finished our project several days ____________ of the deadline.
8. Some people believe that teenagers should concentrate ____________ all school subjects.
9. It was a very tough time for me but my family helped me get ____________.
10. Teenagers are more optimistic ____________ the future than adolescents.
c. SPEAKING
I. Choose the best answer to complete the conversations.
1. A: How many hours of sleep do teens need?
B: Sorry, could you repeat the question? ___________________
a. I didn’t catch what you said. b. I beg you pardon?
c. I didn’t know anything about you. d. I understand what you mean.
2. A: ___________________ a healthy lifestyle?
B: Sure. You should have a balanced diet and do exercise regularly.
a. Could you tell me how to lead b. Why don’t you lead
c. How can I help you lead d. Would you mind leading
3. A: To cope with exam stress, you should prepare in advance, get organized, take breaks, eat well
and exercise.
B: ___________________
a. I don’t know what to do. b. Sorry about that.
c. Can you say that again, please? d. Pardon my asking you.
4. A: Can I help you with anything?
B: ___________________
a. No, thank you. Let’s look for my book.
b. Yes, please. I’m looking for a cookbook.
c. I beg your pardon? I’m busy. Giaoandethitienganh.info sưu tầm

d. I quite followed what you asked me.

5. A: Excuse me. Would you mind showing me the way to the station?
B: ___________________ I wasn’t paying attention.
a. Do you understand what I said? b. No, thank you so much.
c. Can you do that again? d. I beg your pardon?
II. Put the conversation into the correct order.
___ Yeah, me too but we shouldn’t eat too much of it. It’s not good for our health
___ Well... can you suggest some healthy snacks I can try?
___ Hmm, that sounds like a good replacement! I think I’ll give it a try. Thanks for the suggestion
Sally!

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___ Maybe... But it’s so yummy! How can we say no to something that tastes so good?
_1_ Hey Sally, what’s up?
___ No problem! What is your plan for the day?
___ We don’t have to say no - there are healthy options out there as well!
___ Nothing much. What about you?
___ I’m going to go jogging in the park and then go to buy some healthy snacks.
___ Bye! Have a good day.
___ I was just thinking about snacks. You know, I love junk food!
___ You should try some popcorn with a bit of butter and sugar or some yummy snacks, like trail mix,
granola bars, dried fruit or roasted chickpeas. They’re all delicious, and much healthier than a bag of chips
or sugary sweets.
___ Sounds like a great plan. See you later!
d. READING
I. Complete the passage with words from the box.
concentrate best active stressful
balance diet overextending low-fat
There are things any person can do to stay healthy. As a teenager, there are some things you should pay
special attention to.
⬥ Physical health: Taking care of your body
Exercise regularly. Teens should be physically (1) ___________ at least 60 minutes of every day.
Eat a healthy (2) ___________. Healthy eating is an important part of your growth and development. Eat
plenty of fruits and vegetables, whole grains, a variety of protein foods, and (3) ___________ dairy
products. Avoid junk foods such as soda pop, fast food, and chips.
Get enough sleep. Most teens need between 9 and 9 /2 hours of sleep every night. Many average only 7
hours. Sleep has a strong effect on your ability to (4) ___________ and do well at school.
⬥ Mental health: Taking care of your mind
Learn ways to manage stress. You can’t avoid stress, so you need to learn healthy coping skills. This will
help you stay calm and be able to function in (5) ___________ situations.
Study and do your (6) ___________ in school. There is a strong link between health and academic success.
Develop a good (7) ___________ between school, work, and social life.
Don’t try to take on too much. Limit your activities to the most important ones and give those 100%. (8)
___________ yourself can lead to stress, frustration, or exhaustion.
II. Read the text carefully. Then do the tasks.
Some experts worry that teens are more anxious and have lower self-esteem because of social media and
texting. There are key differences to socializing online. Teens miss out on things like body language and
facial expressions. This can lead to misunderstandings and hurt feelings. It can also make talking in person
feel more intimidating.
It is also common for teens to feel bad about themselves when they see everyone online looking perfect.
Teens often try to compensate by sharing pictures that make them look perfect, too. Then, when their social
media identity doesn’t match how they actually feel, they can end up feeling worse.

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Parents can help by setting a good example of how to use tech. Try to give kids your full attention when
you are with them, and establish tech-free zones in the house and tech-free hours when no one is on their
phones. To help build self-esteem, get kids involved in something they’re interested in. When kids learn to
feel good about what they can do instead of how they look and what they own, they’re happier.
A. Find the word or phrase in bold in the passage that means:
1. provide something good or useful in place of something __________________
2. become eventually __________________
3. belief and confidence in your own ability and value __________________
4. taking part in __________________
5. fail to benefit from something useful or fun __________________
6. frightening in a way that makes a person feel less confident __________________
B. Decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F).
1. ____ Experts worry that the social media and text messages are promoting teens’ anxiety and lowering
their self-esteem.
2. ____ Body language and facial expressions can cause misunderstandings and hurt feelings.
3. ____ Social media has positive impacts on face-to-face communication skills.
4. ____ Teenagers tend to compare themselves to the people they see online.
5. ____ Parents can help by setting limits on where and when devices are allowed in the home.
6. ____ Teenagers are happier when they feel confident about their physical appearance.
C. Answer the questions.
1. According to the passage, what causes anxiety and low self-esteem in teenagers?
______________________________________________________________________________________
2. Can social media be harmful to teens’ mental health?
______________________________________________________________________________________
3. What can parents do to help boost their teens’ self-esteem?
______________________________________________________________________________________
e. WRITING
I. Write sentences, using the clues given.
1. it/ be/ important/ teens/ eat/ well-balanced diet.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
2. the counsellor/ give/ advice/ how to maintain/ healthy lifestyle/ at present.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
3. health experts/ recommend/ teens/ get/ at least/ 60 minutes/ exercise/ a day.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________

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4. If/ students/ not get/ enough sleep/ they/ can find/ it/ difficult/ concentrate/ their tasks.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
5. When/I/ be/ at school/I/ try/ manage/ my time/ effectively/ by/ create/ daily schedule.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
6. If/ you/ keep/ eat/ restricted diet/ it/ could lead/ nutritional deficiencies/ other health problems.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
7. you/ should keep/ your phone and electronic devices/ out/ the bedroom/ if/ you/ want/ get/ healthy sleep.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
8. Teens/ should/ avoid/ eat/ junk food/ because/ it/ can/ harm/ mental or physical health.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
II. Complete the sentence using the word in capitals.
1. Run a bit faster! Maybe you will win the race! (MIGHT)
→ If you
2. It’s a good idea to strike a balance between study and breaks. (SHOULD)
→ You
3. Don’t stand on the edge of the cliff. You’ll fall. (COULD)
→ If you
4. Could you please show me the way to the nearest bus stop? (MIND)
→ Would
5. It’s not easy for Jim to concentrate on schoolwork. (DIFFICULTY)
→ Jim
6. Exercise is a great way to look after your mind and body. (CARE)
→ Exercise
7. Teens are now interested in watching and making videos on TikTok. (KEEN)
→ Teens are now
8. “I am going to travel to Ireland for vacation next month,” John said. (FOLLOWING)
→ John said

TEST FOR UNIT 3

I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
1. a. health b. homework c. hour d. happiness
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 2. a. healthy b. deadline c. ready d. break
3. a. celebrity b. schedule c. counsellor d. accomplish
4. a. well-balanced b. accomplished c. stressed d. managed
5. a. priority b. optimistic c. anxiety d. assignment
II. Choose the odd one out.
1. a. counsellor b. encourage c. physical d. minimise
2. a. optimistic b. priority c. assignment d. distraction
3. a. balance b. maintain c. mental d. effort
4. a. recognize b. concentrate c. communicate d. fattening
5. a. accomplish b. anxiety c. well-balanced d. management
III. Complete the sentences with the words from the box.
distractions balanced diet speciality fragrance mental
suburbs handicrafts amenities concrete jungle congestion
1. Depression is a ____________ health condition that causes you to feel sad.
2. Power, water, telecommunications and other ____________ are not the same as those in cities.
3. If we want students to learn and perform at their best, smart phones and other online ____________ must
be managed.
4. My family finally got out of the ____________ and moved to the country.
5. If you have a ____________, you are getting all the vitamins you need.
6. Generally speaking, living in the ____________ often means leading a less stressful life.
7. Another local ____________ is tamales with goat meat wrapped in banana leaves.
8. The city tried to reduce ____________ by adding new freeway lanes and expanding rail transit systems.
9. The ____________ of tuberoses is very sweet, floral, and honey-like and can help give emotional
strength.
10. Foreign tourists are very interested in traditional ____________ made from bamboo and rattan leaves.
IV. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
1. It’s hard to focus when there are so many things that can distract us ____________ our studies.
a. from b. with c. on d. for
2. Schools and parents must give priority ____________ students’ well-being.
a. for b. on c. to d. of
3. Poor diet and lack of exercise can ____________ many illnesses, such as heart disease, cancer and type 2
diabetes.
a. look after b. get through c. bring about d. keep away
4. Although I studied very hard, I was really ____________ before final exams.
a. anxiety b. stressed out c. optimistic d. well-balanced

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5. Some students find it hard to ____________ school and social life.
a. reduce b. maintain c. compete d. balance
6. If you want to stay slim and keep fit, you ____________ eat less and do gentle exercise such as walking
or cycling.
a. can b. must c. will d. might
7. Taking regular ____________ can help students reduce stress levels and stay focused.
a. schedules b. distraction c. exercise d. breaks
8. I really don’t know ____________ to manage my time effectively. Can you give me some tips?
a. when b. what c. how d. who
9. “____________ taking care of the dog while I was away from home?” “Of course not.”
a. What about b. Should we
c. Would you mind d. Could you please
10. “Hurry up, Sahra! We just have a very little time left.” “____________ I couldn’t quite hear you.”
a. I beg your pardon. b. Wait a minute!
c. Right, I’m ready to go. d. Never mind.
V. Write the correct form or tense of the verbs in brackets.
1. When my sister was a kid, she ________________ (not eat) any fruits or veggies.
2. A healthy lifestyle ________________ (have) many benefits not only for the body but for the mind too.
3. If you ________________ (follow) a healthy lifestyle, you can reduce the risk of many illnesses.
4. Although junk food is bad for health, teens keep ________________ (eat) it.
5. I ________________ (drive) John to the airport tomorrow. His own car is being repaired.
6. What ________________ (you/ do) at 8 o’clock last night? – I ________________ (text) my best friend
Joana.
7. The new teaching methods encourage children ________________ (think) for themselves.
8. Twenty years ago, young people ________________ (spend) more time on outdoor activities than they
do today.
9. We have to cancel our picnic lunch because it ________________ (rain) cats and dogs.
10. If the weather ________________ (be) fine this weekend, we ________________ (go) hiking.
VI. Write the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. Homework can be ________________ not only for kids but for parents as well. (stress)
2. A good night’s sleep will improve your ________________. (concentrate)
3. If you want to lose weight, try to avoid ________________ desserts like cakes or ice-cream - eat a piece
of fruit instead. (fat)
4. You should make lists of what to do and ________________ your tasks. (priority)
5. A lot of people eat too much when they’re ________________. (depress)
6. An ________________ attitude helps us be happier, more successful, and healthier. (optimism)
7. Doctors say too many teenagers adopt an ________________ lifestyle. (health)

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8. Students can’t study or do their homework ________________ while watching TV, texting or checking
social media. (effect)
9. Have you thought of talking to a marriage guidance ________________? (counsel)
10. Students with ________________ may find it difficult to concentrate at times. (anxious)
VII. Choose the underlined word or phrase, A, B, C or D that needs correcting.
1. Eating a healthy breakfast provides children for more energy to concentrate on learning in class.
A. a healthy B. for more C. on learning D. in class
2. Engaging in regular exercise and maintain a healthy lifestyle can have numerous benefits for teenagers.
A. Engaging B. maintain C. have numerous D. for teenagers
3. Child’s diet directly affects their capacity for cognitive function and academic performance.
A. Child’s diet B. directly affects C. capacity for D. academic performance
4. Regular physical activity is crucial for teenagers though it helps them develop strong bones and muscles.
A. Regular physical B. crucial for
C. though D. bones and muscles
5. Compared to their well-rested classmates, teenagers who sleep less than 8 hours a night are much
likely to receive lower grades.
A. Compared B. well-rested C. less than D. much likely
6. If you keep eating junk food regularly, you are putting yourself at risk for heart disease, diabetes,
and being obesity.
A. keep eating B. are putting C. at risk for D. being obesity
7. If teens spend a lot of time on their phones, they should have less time for activities that can
build confidence, a sense of achievement and connectedness.
A. spend B. should have C. can build D. connectedless
8. Parents should encourage teenagers participating in physical activities they enjoy.
A. should B. participating C. in D. they enjoy
9. Although many of the stones have fallen out, the monument remains very well preservation.
A. Although B. fallen out C. remains D. well preservation
10. More teens believe smartphones make it easier, rather than harder, to creative, pursue hobbies and do
well in school.
A. More teens B. rather than C. to creative D. do well
VIII. Complete the conversation with the sentences from the box (A - G).

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Mom: (1) ______________________________
Hoa: I’m not sure but I think I am stressed.
Mom: (2) ______________________________
Hoa: No, I’m not. I have prepared for it, so I can tackle it easily.
Mom: (3) ______________________________
Hoa: Well, I argued with my best friend yesterday.
Mom: (4) ______________________________
Hoa: Yes. We discussed how to set up a camp for our group and we couldn’t agree on any plans.
Mom: (5) ______________________________
Hoa: Yes, I have. However, I don’t know how to start a conversation with her.
Mom: (6) ______________________________
Hoa: Will it work?
Mom: (7) ______________________________
Hoa: Oh, great! Thank you, mom! I will try.
IX. Choose the correct answers to complete the passage.
A good diet and regular exercise should keep you healthy. Your body needs the vitamins and (1)
______________ found in vegetables and fruit. It also needs enough exercise to (2) ______________
muscles and bones and reduce your chances of getting sick.
What kind of a diet is best? At the top of anyone’s list should be fresh fruit and vegetables. You also need
to eat (3) ______________ such as rice, wheat, oats, or corn. Dairy products in the form of milk and cheese
provide your body with necessary calcium. Protein comes (4) ______________ meat and nuts. Don’t eat
too much meat, (5) ______________. Eating too much red meat, in particular, is not good for your heart,
and it might increase your chances of getting cancer. Try not to eat junk food. (6) ______________ junk
food? Potato chips, donuts, candy, and cookies are junk food. Many people who eat junk food fail to eat
healthy food because they like the taste of junk food (7) ______________. If kids eat a lot of junk food,
they will develop bad eating habits.
Being healthy is not that hard. If you eat right, get regular exercise, and avoid (8) ______________ habits,
you will thank yourself in the future.
1. a. substances b. elements c. components d. nutrients
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 2. a. strengthen b. improve c. relax d. tighten
3. a. plants b. grains c. seeds d. veggies
4. a. by b. for c. from d. of
5. a. moreover b. therefore c. however d. meanwhile
6. a. Which b. What c. How’s d. What’s
7. a. better b. best c. worse d. worst
8. a. annoying b. unhealthy c. nasty d. irritating
X. Read the text then choose the correct answers.
Practical stress management can help students deal with their worries and become more productive,
competent and efficient. First of all, students must be able to design and stick to a timetable. Choose a
relaxing break between work and study, even if it’s just taking out time to breathe. In addition, a healthy
lifestyle is essential for students. Let’s drink more water as well as take out time to get some air and
exercise. Furthermore, organization is very important in academic life for dealing with stress. By keeping
academic notes organized, turning in assignments on time, and keeping track of all deadlines, stress can be
reduced to a great extent. Stress can also get worse if a person feels lonely. Therefore, by letting out all
your thoughts to someone you trust, you immediately feel a lot better. However, if you feel extremely
stressed out, take a break and do something you love. Whether it is painting or listening to music, doing
something you enjoy can cheer up your mood and distract you from a stressor. It’s about time that we
students accept that we can achieve just as much in life without all the stress.
1. Practical stress management can help students ______________.
a. deal with stress b. have more time
c. face up to the worst situation d. think critically
2. What should students pay attention to when designing a timetable?
a. They have to arrange time to breathe.
b. They need to set time for relaxation.
c. They don’t need to take notice of certain tasks. D
. They should stop working and studying.
3. What can students do to lead a healthy lifestyle?
a. Visit their doctor as scheduled.
b. Not to put much pressure on time management.
c. Follow the timetable strictly.
d. Go outside for fresh air, do regular exercise and drink more water.
4. Why is organization important in academic life?
a. Because it can help students get good grades.
b. Because it is a must for all students.
c. Because it can help students reduce stress.
d. Because it leads to better results.
5. Which of the following sentences is true?
a. You should stay alone when being under pressure.
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b. When you feel lonely, you should grab someone to talk.
c. The more lonely you are, the more stress you can have.
d. It is believed that stress can control itself.
6. What should you do when you are feeling stressed?
a. Take time for reflection on your progress.
b. Ease your soul and your mind.
c. Stay away from other people.
d. Take a break and do what you enjoy.
XI. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the
word in capitals.
1. My sister really likes milk tea and she drinks it almost every day. (CRAZY)
______________________________________________________________________________________
2. He finally managed to overcome his fear of flying. (GET)
______________________________________________________________________________________
3. We didn’t go trekking yesterday because the weather was terrible. (PREVENTED)
______________________________________________________________________________________
4. I have never read such an interesting novel as The Little Prince. (MOST)
______________________________________________________________________________________
5. Finish your homework or you can’t go out with your friend. (IF)
______________________________________________________________________________________
6. They’re not sure how they should operate the new system. (TO)
______________________________________________________________________________________
7. It took me 4 hours to read the first chapter of the book. (SPENT)
______________________________________________________________________________________
8. Snowboarding is more dangerous than tennis. (AS)
______________________________________________________________________________________
9. I didn’t realize how late it was and I didn’t stop studying till after midnight. (WENT)
______________________________________________________________________________________
10. He felt very miserable, so he looked for someone to share his life with. (BECAUSE)
______________________________________________________________________________________
TEST YOURSELF 1
Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three
in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. a. neighbour b. crowded c. county d. underground
2. a. congestion b. village c. hygiene d. fragrance
3. a. artisan b. physical c. reliable d. liveable

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Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of
stress in each of the following questions.
4. a. encourage b. volunteer c. overcome d. underground
5. a. anxiety b. artisan c. priority d. amenity
Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions.
6. The Brighton Pier reminds me __________ the old bridge in my home village.
a. about b. for c. to d. of
7. A lot of people __________ with heat exhaustion and heat stroke this summer due to extreme heat.
a. came down b. got around c. carried out d. took up
8. Living in the suburbs has a number of __________ such as more space, a less stressful lifestyle, a lower
cost of living, and increased safety.
a. obstacles b. advantages c. disadvantages d. difficulties
9. She spent 50 years __________ the pottery making techniques of the ethnic Cham people.
a. shortening b. functioning c. preserving d. distracting
10. As teenagers, you need high amounts of calcium because your bones __________.
a. grow b. grew c. will grow d. are growing
11. If you have lived in the city for such a long time, you __________ know all the streets here.
a. could b. will c. must d. should
12. The __________ you are, the __________ you will be able to enjoy life!
a. healthy – better b. healthier – best
c. more healthy – better d. healthier – better
13. Eat a __________ meal to obtain all the nutrients that your body needs to stay healthy.
a. well-being b. well-done c. well-balanced d. well-cooked
14. I wondered where __________ my pre-paid train ticket.
a. get b. to get c. getting d. to getting
15. The city park is great for relaxing, __________ it’s perfect for hanging out with friends.
a. and b. but c. or d. so
Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s)
in each of the following questions.
16. You can access the website to get information about the village’s traditional products.
a. pass down b. look around c. find out d. come back
17. Bad weather conditions can delay outdoor events and activities in the city.
a. process b. postpone c. distract d. minimize
Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s)
in each of the following questions.
18. The downtown area is always crowded with tourists during the summer months.
a. full b. busy c. pricey d. empty
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19. Teenagers who eat a balanced diet and do exercise often feel more optimistic about their well-being.
a. pessimistic b. confident c. positive d. hopeful
Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following
exchanges.
20. Mina: “Do you mind helping me with the washing-up?” - Ashley: “__________”
a. I beg your pardon. b. Thanks. That’s so kind of you!
c. Not at all. d. No, I don’t like it.
21. Alex: “I’ll pick you up at eight o’clock on my way to the airport.” - Susan: “__________”
a. For pleasure. b. Great. I’ll see you then.
c. I have a phone. d. Would be.
Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the
following questions.
22. Being healthy requires you to take care for your physical, mental and emotional health.
a b c d
23. The more hardly the students study for the test, the higher their scores will be.
a b c d
24. Do you think living in the city is by far better than living in the countryside?
a b c d
Read the following conversation and put each sentence in the box (A - F) in the correct place.

Alex: Hey, how’s life in the city?

Jessica: (25) __________ How about you?
Alex: Well, I enjoy being surrounded by nature and the slower pace of life.
(26) __________
Jessica: That sounds nice. In the city, everything is fast-paced and there’s always something
happening. It can be exciting, but also overwhelming at times.
Alex: I can imagine. The city offers so many opportunities and conveniences, though. (27)
__________
Jessica: That’s true. In the village, job opportunities are limited. (28) __________
Alex: I agree. People in the village are more connected and supportive of each other. In the city, it can
be harder to build those close relationships.
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Jessica: Absolutely. (29) __________ I miss the fresh air and tranquility of the countryside.
Alex: I can understand that. Each place has its own advantages and disadvantages. It really depends on
what kind of lifestyle you prefer.
Jessica: Definitely. (30) __________
Read the following passage and mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the correct word or phrase
that best fits each of the blanks.
ECODISTRICTS
Ecodistricts are neighborhoods that limit their environmental (31) __________ by prioritizing sustainable
development and reducing energy consumption. Similar (32) __________ blue zones, ecodistricts are also
designed to (33) __________ diverse social environments to increase residents’ quality of life. They
achieve this by utilizing sustainable and recycled building materials, renewable energy sources, eco-
friendly forms of transportation and state-of- the-art waste management systems.
While ecodistricts are (34) __________ in cities all over the world, countries in Northern Europe - like
Sweden, Germany and France - are leading the effort. The city of Paris (35) __________ has at least four
ecodistricts, and plans for more are currently in the works. The Hammarby Sjostad ecodistrict in Sweden
equips its buildings with (36) __________ to provide electricity, and its heating system is fueled by biofuel,
combustible waste and water from its water treatment plant.
31. a. factor b. effect c. impact d. force
32. a. in b. to c. with d. of
33. a. produce b. encourage c. accept d. promote
34. a. taking over b. popping up c. putting in d. moving on
35. a. lonesome b. single c. alone d. lonely
36. a. solar panels b. chipboards c. metal frames d. mantelpieces
Read the following passage. Decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F), then choose the
correct answers.
Spending your free time on the Internet can be fun. You can chat, share photos with friends, and play online
games. But some people are addicted to the Internet. They just can’t turn it off.
Being online for many hours at a time does not mean you have a problem. The Internet is very useful.
Online, you can pay your bills, buy clothes, and read the news. There are many good reasons to spend time
online. However, people with an Internet addiction are online too much. They don’t spend time with their
friends and family. Instead, they spend their time chatting with their Internet friends, people they have
never met in real life. Some also play online games all day or night. Some people with Internet addictions
even leave their jobs so they can spend even more time online! People with Internet addictions don’t just go
online to shop, have fun, or do work. People who have this problem often go online because they want to
escape the stress and problems in their lives. Many internet addicts stop caring about their real lives, and
focus only on their online lives.
One way Internet addicts can get help is by using special software. This software controls how much time
someone can spend online. It tells the computer to turn off the internet after a certain amount time. This
helps people focus on real life. The software’s goal is to teach people to use the Internet for good reasons
and not just as an escape.
37. ____ People with Internet addiction spend most of their free time on the Internet.
38. ____ Paying bills online is a useful way to use the Internet.
39. ____ Internet addiction causes problems in one’s daily life.
40. ____ Most Internet addicts play online games all day or night.
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41. ____ Using special software is a way of helping people stop their Internet addiction.
42. What is the main idea of the article?
a. People should not spend time on the Internet.
b. The Internet is very good for people.
c. Spending too much time online is not good.
d. Families should use the Internet together.
43. Which is NOT a problem for people with Internet addiction?
a. They stop spending time with their family.
b. They learn to type very fast.
c. They might lose their jobs.
d. They stop caring about their real lives.
44. According to the passage, a person is most likely to become an Internet addict if ________.
a. their life is stressful and has problems
b. their job is boring
c. they enjoy online gaming
d. they have a lot of online friends
Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the sentence that is best written from the words/ phrases
given.
45. If/ you/ leave/ luggage/ unattended/ the airport/ it/ might/ steal.
a. If you leave our luggage unattended at the airport, it might steal.
b. If you leave your luggage unattended at the airport, it might be stolen.
c. If you leave your luggage unattended in the airport, it might not be stolen.
d. If you leave our luggage unattended in airport, it might not steal.
46. Promote/ traditional crafts/ tourist attractions/ generate/ income/ artisans.
a. Promoting traditional crafts as tourist attractions can generate income for artisans.
b. To promote traditional crafts to tourist attractions can generate income for artisans.
c. Promoting traditional crafts from tourist attractions to generate income for artisans.
d. To promote traditional crafts as tourist attractions generating income for artisans.
47. The/ safe/ the neighbourhood/ be/ the/ happy/ the residents’ life/ become.
a. The more safe the neighbourhood is, the more happy the residents’ life becomes.
b. The more and more safe the neighbourhood is, the more and more happy the residents’ life becomes.
c. The safest the neighbourhood is, the happiest the residents’ life becomes.
d. The safer the neighbourhood is, the happier the residents’ life becomes.
48. The group/ asked/ who/ contact/ organise/ the next community event.
a. The group asked who should they contact to organise the next community event.
b. The group asked who we contact to organise the next community event.

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c. The group asked who to contact to organise the next community event.
d. The group asked who they are contacting to organise the next community event.
49. When/ I/ a child/I/ use/ make/ wooden toys/ my grandfather.
a. When I was a child, I used to make wooden toys with my grandfather.
b. When I was a child, I was used to making wooden toys from my grandfather.
c. When I am a child, I get used to making wooden toys with my grandfather.
d. When I am a child, I’m using to make wooden toys with my grandfather.
Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following
questions.
50. Dina is like her mother’s side of the family.
a. Dina prefers her mother’s side of the family.
b. Dina has her mother by her side in the family
c. Dina takes after her mother’s side of the family.
d. Dina looks for her mother’s side in the family.
51. The salary of a professor is higher than that of a secretary.
a. The salary of a secretary is as high as that of a professor.
b. The salary of a professor is lower than that of a secretary.
c. The salary of a secretary is not as high as that of a professor.
d. The salary of a professor is not as high as that of a secretary.
52. “How long are you going to stay here?” he asked me.
a. He asked me how long to stay here.
b. He asked me how long am I going to stay there.
c. He asked me how long you were going to stay here.
d. He asked me how long I was going to stay there.
53. When did you start working on the project?
a. When was the last time you worked on the project?
b. How long have you worked on the project?
c. How long has it been since you last worked on the project?
d. When has the project started?
54. New York City is busier than any other cities in the world.
a. New York City is the busiest city in the world.
b. Other cities in the world is as busy as New York City.
c. One of the busiest cities in the world is New York City.
d. New York City is less busy than other cities in the world.
UNIT 4.
REMEMBERING

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THE PAST
A. PHONETICS
I. Write m or l to complete the words, then put them into the correct columns.
communa_ _emon re_igious Ca_bodia
cu_ture fa_ily _agnificent monu_ent
_ocal wind_ill custo_ popu_ar
nationa_ a_ive te_pie co_plex
/m/ /l/
II. Underline the words that have the sound /m/ or /I/. Then read the sentences aloud.
1. Which castle in the United Kingdom does the royal family live in?
2. Tourists coming to Vietnam will be impressed with the Vietnamese traditional dishes.
3. The Middle-Ages Museum of Paris displays a collection of medieval works.
4. The pasta here is traditionally served with a drizzle of olive oil and tomato sauce.
5. We rented a magnificent Victorian house when we travelled to England.
6. They plan to maintain the old windmills and turn them into tourist site.
7. Heavy tourism can cause physical damage to the heritage site.
8. I believe our guests will absolutely enjoy her stay at this ancient palace.
9. The locals are careful about preserving the historic sites while promoting tourism.
10. Millions of artefacts will be exhibited at this gallery next month.
B. VOCABULARY and GRAMMAR
I. Complete the sentences with the words from the box.
structure communal occupied monument well-preserved
complex magnificent religious heritage deep-rooted
1. The __________________ was built to honour all the soldiers who died in war.
2. The Great Pyramids of Giza is the most __________________ site we’ve ever visited.
3. The Karnak Temple __________________ comprises a vast mix of temples, pylons, chapels, and other
buildings near Luxor, Egypt.
4. The __________________ house is considered as a symbol of culture, spirit and religion of the
ethnic groups in Vietnam.
5. Hoi An Ancient Town was classified as a National Cultural __________________ Site in 1985.
6. Angkor Wat, originally built to worship the god Vishnu, is one of the largest __________________
attraction in the world.
7. Thick columns and beams were built to support the __________________ of the cathedral.
8. The old mansion has turned into a hotel, and its rooms are always __________________ during
holidays.
9. Padua and Vicenza are prosperous, __________________ cities, not overrun by tourists.
10. You cannot all at once eradicate the __________________ customs and habits of any people.
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II. Underline the correct word to complete the sentence.
1. Windsor Castle / Temple / House in the UK is home of the British royal family.
2. The restaurant serves both eat-in and giveaway / takeaway / throwaway fish and chips.
3. I’ve got into the habit / practice / tradition of turning on the TV as soon as I get home.
4. There’s a practice/ tradition / habit in our family that we have a party on New Year’s Eve.
5. The bank has continued its habit / practice/ behaviour of charging late fees.
6. Tomatoes did not show / arrive / appear on European menus until the 16th century.
7. Scientists are still looking into Stonehenge to understand the old / ancient / antique people’s life.
8. By preserving / founding / observing traditional heritage, we can keep our cultural roots alive.
9. Tourism has made a great contribution / occupation / recognition to these traditional craft villages.
10. There is a ban on construction of high-rise buildings in order to promote / recognise / protect ancient
structures in the town.
III. Choose the correct answer.
1. The Christmas __________________ of gift-giving has its roots in both pagan and Christian customs.
a. routine b. habit c. tradition d. hobby
2. We celebrated our grandparents’ 40th wedding __________________ with a grand party.
a. event b. anniversary c. ceremony d. custom
3. The tea ceremony in Japan is a __________________ tradition that symbolizes harmony and respect.
a. occupied b. communal c. modern d. deep-rooted
4. Harvard University was __________________ in 1636, making it one of the oldest institutions in the
US.
a. founded b. preserved c. recognized d. observed
5. Parisian cafes offers a taste of traditional French __________________ with dishes like croissants and
quiche.
a. cuisine b. practice c. kitchen d. fashion
6. Throughout history, people have built monuments and altars to honor and __________________ their
ancestors.
a. contribute b. worship c. explore d. maintain
7. Despite time and wars, some artifacts from ancient Egypt are very __________________, including
mummies.
a. well-prepared b. basic c. well-r served d. recognizable
8. It was important for museums to preserve this past or future __________________.
a. monuments b. customs c. heritages d. generations
9. Olive oil, tomatoes, and basil are essential __________________ in many Italian dishes.
a. ingredients b. products c. materials d. structures
10. The ruins of the castle are __________________ with the past glory and power of the royal family.
a. religious b. disconnected c. associated d. magnificent

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IV. Complete the sentences with the verbs in the box. Use the past continuous.
not listen drive visit cook build
study observe sleep discuss watch
1. The tourists __________________ the Buckingham Palace when it started to rain.
2. The security guard __________________ the car park using CCTV at that time.
3. There was a big fire while the workers __________________ the cathedral.
4. I beg your pardon - what did you say? I __________________.
5. When you entered the room, we __________________ the importance of keeping traditions alive.
6. _________ Peter _________on the bus when we arrived at the Colosseum?
7. While my friends __________________ a documentary about ancient castles, I was playing video
games.
8. The children __________________ for their history test when the lights went out.
9. The host __________________ some traditional Italian dishes while the guests were chatting.
10. _________ you _________home at 7 o’clock yesterday evening?
V. Put the verb into the correct form, past simple or past continuous.
1. Mia __________________ (see) many beautiful ancient houses when she was wandering around the old
part of the city.
2. I __________________ (do) a quiz about ancient civilisation all Sunday morning.
3. My grandparents __________________ (not live) France when the revoluation happened.
4. The first fish and chip shop __________________ (not open) in Italy. It was in the UK.
5. Matthew __________________ (work) for a multinational company at the time?
6. What __________________ (they / serve) to their guests at the party last night?
7. He ________________ (teach) for several years at the local secondary school, then ________________
(go) abroad for further study.
8. The explorers __________________ (find) the ancient pyramid when they __________________ (walk)
through the jungle.
9. I __________________ (observe) the ancient artefacts while the tour guide __________________
(explain) their origins.
10. The waiters __________________ (serve) the customers when the fire __________________ (start).
VI. Put the verb into the correct form.
1. Andy wishes that he __________________ (can) think of a way of helping.
2. The teacher wishes that her students __________________ (pay) more attention to the lessons.
3. I wish you __________________ (not live) so far away.
4. I wish Dam Sen Water Park __________________ (be) near my house.
5. He wishes he __________________ (drive) a Lamborghini in Paris right now.
6. I just wish that everything __________________ (can) be as it used to be.
7. Don’t you ever wish you __________________ (have) someone to share your troubles with?

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8. I wish I __________________ (eat) Spanish food in Barcelona at present.
9. I wish I __________________ (know) how to use a computer.
10. These seats are very uncomfortable. I wish we __________________ (travel) first class.
VII. Make up wishes from the prompts.
1. I/ can afford/ apartment/ city centre.
→ I wish
2. I/ not have to/ go/ school/ five days a week.
→ I wish
3. I/go camping/friends/ after/final exams.
→ I wish
4. there/ be/ no more/ bullying/ school.
→ I wish
5. I/ be dancing/ you/ the ballroom.
→ I wish
6. no one/ be suffering/ depression.
→ I wish
7. he/ can come/ house-warming party/ tonight.
→ I wish
8. there/ snow/ Christmas/ my city.
→ I wish
9. we/ not need/ go to the conference/ Switzerland.
→ I wish
10. they/ learn/ communicate/ their peers.
→ I wish
VIII. Rewrite the following sentences using a wish construction.
1. It’s a pity my computer is out of order.
______________________________________________________________________________________
___________
2. I’d like my younger brother to concentrate more on his studies.
______________________________________________________________________________________
___________
3. I’m sorry I don’t have time to go to the cinema with you.
______________________________________________________________________________________
___________
4. It’s a pity John can’t come to my birthday party this weekend.
______________________________________________________________________________________
___________

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5. I’d like you to take me to the zoo after school.
______________________________________________________________________________________
___________
6. It’s a pity it is raining heavily outside.
______________________________________________________________________________________
___________
7. It’s a pity my favorite book is out of stock.
______________________________________________________________________________________
___________
8. I’m sorry I’m not old enough to drive a car.
______________________________________________________________________________________
___________
9. It’s a pity they are having a class at the moment.
______________________________________________________________________________________
___________
10. It’s a pity my school doesn’t organize outdoor activities.
______________________________________________________________________________________
___________
IX. Choose the correct answer.
1. I wish I _________________ enough money to travel around the world.
a. earn b. earned c. am earning d. was earning
2. She was reading a book when a loud noise _________________ her concentration.
a. would interrupt b. was interrupting
c. interrupted d. is interrupting
3. The team _________________ for the presentation when the teacher walked into the classroom. a. was
preparing b. prepared c. prepares d. is preparing
4. At this time yesterday, our family _________________ through old photo albums together.
a. looked b. would look c. might look d. was looking
5. Patrick was tidying the attic when he _________________ his secondary school yearbook.
a. found b. was finding c. would find d. finds
6. These economy plane seats are really uncomfortable. I wish we _________________ first class.
a. are travelling b. were travelling c. would travel d. will travel
7. We wish we _________________ more photos during our trip to Japan.
a. can take b. should take c. could take d. may take
8. Last week, the students _________________ an exhibition that displayed ancient Egyptian artifacts.
a. were visiting b. visited c. are visiting d. visit
9. Peter wishes his brother _________________ to turn off the stove before leaving the house.
a. didn’t forget b. won’t forget c. doesn’t forget d. couldn’t forget

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10. My mother _________________ at the supermarket when she _________________ an old classmate of
hers.
a. shopped – met b. shopped - was meeting
c. was shopping - was meeting d. was shopping – met
11. My sister and Ian _________________ evening together and _________________ some horror films.
a. spent - were watching b. were spending – watched
c. spent – watched d. were spending - were watching
12. The computer _________________ unexpectedly while our group _________________ on a project.
a. crashed – worked b. crashed - was working
c. was crashing – worked d. was crashing - was working
13. _________you ________ while Andy _________________ the rules of the game yesterday?
a. Do...listen - are explaining b. Did...listen - was explaining
c. We re...listening – explained d. Were you listening - was explaining
X. Fill in each blank with a suitable preposition.
1. You can take a ride ______ a dogsled when visiting Hokkaido.
2. Maintaining traditional handicrafts is the way people keep themselves associated ______ the past.
3. I was taught to pay respect ______ elder people when I was a child.
4. My teenage daughter has a habit ______ leaving home without saying goodbye to any family members.
5. Nowadays, young couples tend to eat ______ a lot instead of cooking themselves.
6. French people take great pride ______ their cuisine and lifestyle.
7. We were taught to value everyone’s contribution and treat everyone ______ respect.
8. ______ keeping with tradition, our family always prepares a five-fruit tray at Tet.
c. SPEAKING
I. Choose the best answer to complete the conversations.
1. A: Thanks for the book. It’s very interesting.
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B: __________________________
a. That’s your problem. b. I’m glad you enjoy it.
c. I’m very interested in it. d. I beg your pardon.
2. A: I can take you around this ancient village if you like.
B: __________________________
a. Thank you. I’d love to. b. You’re very welcome.
c. That’s my pleasure. d. Not at all.
3. A: __________________________ your cell phone for a moment?
B: Sure, no problem. Here you are.
a. Why don’t you use b. Would you mind using
c. Would you like me to use d. Do you think I could use

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4. A: __________________________
B: No problem.
a. Do you have any problems with your history project?
b. I’d like to explain to you the temple’s history.
c. Thanks a lot for telling me about the history of the temple.
d. Can you go inside the temple, please?
5. A: May I help you with anything?
B: __________________________
a. Why not? Let’s visit a historical place.
b. Yes, please. I’d like to know more about this place.
c. No, thanks. That would be really great.
d. I didn’t follow you. Can you do that again, please?
II. Complete the conversation with the sentences from the box (A - G).

Andy: (1) ______________________

Phong: I’m reading an article about Vietnamese street food.
Andy: (2) ______________________
Phong: It lists 10 best street food in Vietnam, and explains the history of the dishes, the basic
ingredients and how to make them.
Andy: (3) ______________________
Phong: For me it would be the beef noodle soup, or in Vietnamese we call it pho.
Andy: (4) ______________________
Phong: You’ll need to have beef, beef bones, rice noodles, onions, bean sprouts, and some other
vegetables.
Andy: (5) ______________________
Phong: The secret of the dish lies in the beef broth, I think. It’s very tasty.
Andy: (6) ______________________
Phong: No, they eat pho at any time of the day. But I prefer eating it for breakfast since it makes me
full and gives me enough energy to start a day.
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Andy: (7) ______________________
Phong: You’re welcome. I’m sure you’ll love it once you try it.
d. READING
I. Complete the passage with words from the box.
shift than mostly indicate
held declines spans obese
Today, childhood is spent (1) _______________ indoors, watching television, playing video games and
surfing the Internet. When children do go outside, it tends to be for scheduled events soccer camp or a
fishing derby - (2) _______________ under the watch of adults.
The (3) _______________ to an indoor childhood has accelerated in the past decade, with huge (4)
_______________ in spontaneous outdoor activities such as bike riding, swimming and touch football,
according to separate studies by the National Sporting Goods Association.
In addition, a child is six times more likely to play a video game on a typical day (5) ______________ to
ride a bike. The change can be seen in children’s bodies. In the 1960s, 4% of kids were (6)
_______________. Today, 16% are overweight. It can also be seen in their brains. Studies (7)
_______________ that children who spend lots of time outdoors have longer attention (8)
_______________ than those who watch lots of television and play video games.
II. Read the text carefully, then choose the correct answer.
THE IMPORTANCE OF PRESERVING OUR PAST
The United States is home to countless monuments and sites that are of great historical and
cultural significance, and their preservation is the utmost importance. These monuments and sites serve as
tangible reminders of the country’s history and help us understand and appreciate the heritage left by their
ancestors.
One such site that embodies the importance of preserving our past is the Statue of Liberty. This iconic
statue, gifted to the United States by France, is not only a symbol of freedom and democracy but also
a testament to the relationship between the two countries. The preservation of the Statue of Liberty is
crucial to maintaining this relationship and honoring the sacrifices made by those who came before US.
Another iconic symbol of the USA’s history is Mount Rushmore, which is the host to millions of visitors
worldwide and is surrounded by the Black Hills. Over the decades, Mount Rushmore has grown in fame in
America as a symbol of freedom and hope for people from all cultures and backgrounds. The memorial
brings to life the statues of Washington, Jefferson, Lincoln, and Theodore Roosevelt, which honors their
life and impact on the USA’s history. Therefore, its preservation makes the States’ roots long- lasting and
appreciated.
As a result, preserving our past also includes protecting historic buildings and landmarks. These structures
serve as a physical representation of our country’s history, and their preservation is essential to
understanding and appreciating our past.
(https://americahouse.md/the-importance-of-preserving-our-past/)
1. According to the passage, the United States ________________.
a. serves as tangible reminders of its history
b. helps people understand and appreciate the national heritage
c. is making every effort to protect historic buildings
d. has very many historical monuments and sites
2. The word “significance” in paragraph 1 means ________________.

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a. sense b. value c. purpose d. message
3. Which of the following is true about the Statue of Liberty?
a. It serves as an Iconic symbol of freedom and democracy.
b. It was a gift from the United States to France.
c. It improved the relationship between the two nations.
d. It was built to honour those who sacrificed in the past.
4. The word “testament” in paragraph 2 can be replaced by ________________.
a. collection b. exhibition c. instruction d. proof
5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned about Mount Rushmore memorial?
a. It is a popular tourist attraction.
b. It honors four U.S. presidents.
c. It is one of the world’s largest sculptures.
d. Its preservation makes the States’ roots continuing for a long time.
6. Why is It important to preserve historical monuments and sites?
a. To maintain the relationship between the US and France.
b. To promote the famous landmarks in the US.
c. To help people understand and appreciate their past.
d. To ensure people can learn the States’ history.
e. WRITING
I. Write sentences, using the clues given.
1. they/ learn/ about/ British family traditions/ all day/ yesterday.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
2. Beth/ wish/ she/ can/ stay/ Cambridge/ forever.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
3. the tourists/ explore/ historic site/ when/ a thunderstorm/ occur.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
4. sometimes/I/ wish/I/ have/ a lot/ money/ and/ travel/ around/ the world.
______________________________________________________________________________________
Giaoandethitienganh.info sưu tầm
______________________________________________________________________________________
5. they/ urge/ the parliament/ approve/ plans/ their reform program/ last week.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
6. my dad/ set up/ the table/ while/ my mom/ cook/ dinner.
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______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
7. I/ suppose/ we/ can/ pay/ credit card/ but/ we/ had better/ check/ first.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
8. women/ stay/ home/ preparing food/ making clothes/ the past.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
II. Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first sentence.
1. Maya wants her neighborhood to recycle plastic bottles, but they don’t.
→ Maya wishes
2. It didn’t stop raining heavily all evening.
→ It was
3. It’s a pity I can’t cook as well as my mom.
→ I wish
4. The family was driving home at the time of the accident.
→ When
5. Vietnamese people are greatly proud of their culture.
→ Vietnamese people take
6. My school is near my home, so I go to school on foot every day.
→ My school isn’t
7. I would like my sister to improve her English speaking skills.
→ I wish
8. Vietnamese people only eat dried candied fruit at Tet.
→ Dried candied fruit

TEST FOR UNIT 4

I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
1. a. emotion b. indecisive c. obesity d. believable
2. a. hanging b. belong c. singer d. anger
3. a. behaved b. passed c. entertained d. changed
4. a. imagination b. average c. language d. appearance
5. a. increase b. surprise c. release d. promise
II. Choose the word that has the main stress placed differently from the others.
1. a. worthwhile b. royal c. habit d. practice

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 2. a. obese b. dogsled c. extend d. remote
3. a. household b. suppose c. Arctic d. diet
4. a. transformation b. independence c. understanding d. illiterate
5. a. uncontrollable b. biological c. particularly d. seniority
III. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
1. In keeping ______________ tradition, the family has dinner together on New Year’s Eve.
a. with b. on c. out d. up
2. Mr Johnson has dedicated his life ______________ maintaining this ancient castle.
a. in b. for c. to d. on
3. Stern insisted that she come downtown so that he could explain this to her ______________.
a. face b. direct c. indirect d. face to face
4. Fish and chips are often ______________ with tartar sauce, malt vinegar, and salt.
a. occupied b. served c. observed d. appeared
5. Fish is a main ingredient in Japanese ______________, with over 4500 varieties in popular dishes like
sushi.
a. culture b. cuisine c. serving d. worship
6. Windsor Castle, the world’s oldest ______________ castle, has been the family residence of British
kings and queens for 1,000 years.
a. well-preserved b. associated
c. occupied d. ruined
7. When I see the kids playing football, I almost wish I ______________ their age again.
a. was b. am c. would be d. could be
8. What ______________ all yesterday morning? I couldn’t call you.
a. were you doing b. are you doing
c. will you do d. did you use to do
9. Fun, games, get-togethers; those are all things families do to keep traditions ______________.
a. lively b. living c. alively d. alive
10. “Thank you so much for showing us around the Buckingham Palace.” ~ “______________”
a. Sure. That’s right. b. I beg your pardon.
c. It’s a pleasure. d. That’s cool!
IV. Write the correct form or tense of the verbs in brackets.
1. We _______________ (go) on a skiing holiday in Austria this winter.
2. I _______________ (discuss) my family traditions with my friends all yesterday morning.
3. When her train got to the station, we _______________ (wait) on the platform.
4. If they _______________ (promote) their handicrafts well, more tourists _______________ (buy) their
products.
5. I only wish you _______________ (be) all as happy as I am.
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6. The doctor told him to stop _______________ (smoke) and take a trip.
7. He is so annoying! He _______________ (always/ leave) his things everywhere.
8. I have decided _______________ (study) more and improve my overall average.
9. Last week Anna was mad at me, so she _______________ (not speak) to me at all.
10. I will call you when the guests _______________ (arrive).
V. Write the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. As a _______________ businessman, he couldn’t imagine real poverty. (wealth)
2. I can never make up stories - I have absolutely no _______________. (imagine)
3. Some of our _______________ heritage site have been badly damaged by tourism. (nation)
4. People didn’t pay much attention to _______________ appearance a decade ago. (physic)
5. In the past, this building was built as a(n) _______________ tower. (observe)
6. He was very lazy. He _______________ just lied on the couch and did nothing all day. (basic)
7. This approach can help identify common _______________ and their causes. (behave)
8. She appears to actually like the man, which I find _______________. (credible)
9. The British _______________ themselves on their long history and social etiquette. (proud)
10. I found the ending of the novel a bit _______________. (believe)
VI. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to Indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the
following questions.
1. Those who come from Baffin Island often live in an igloo: a house building from blocks of ice.
A B C D
2. I am going for a diet next week and hope to lose ten pounds before Christmas.
A B C D
3. I wish I have his mobile phone number so that we could tell him the good news.
A B C D
4. The children had to go barefootedly because there was no money for shoes.
A B C D
5. Today's children no longer engage with the nature world.
A B C D
6. Despite giving a second chance, she couldn’t manage to pass the exam.
A B C D
7. Harvard University, found in 1636, is America’s oldest learning institution.
A B C D
8. A 17th-century painting was stolen while the museum held an exhibition.
A B C D
9. Alex said he will ask his grandparents about their old days.
A B C D

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10. I’m hopeless at foreign languages, but I wish I speak Spanish and French.
A B C D
VII. Complete the conversation with the phrases or sentences in the box.
It's impossible, my son. I totally agree with you.
Sounds fun. Of course, dear!
It must be tiring! That would be great!
Nam: Dad, can you tell me about your childhood?
Dad: (1) __________________________________ What do you want to know?
Nam: Hmm, I learnt that students had to help their parents with farming. Is it true?
Dad: Yes, it is. Besides, we also took care of our siblings while our parents worked.
Nam: (2) __________________________________ How about your pastime?
Dad: We often played football on the soil ground with a plastic ball only. Hide and seek was another
game that we never got bored of.
Nam: (3) __________________________________ Did you text your friends to talk about stuffs?
Dad: Well, at that time, we didn’t have smartphone for distant communication. We would rather talk
face to face with each other.
Nam: (4) __________________________________ Sometimes I think chatting or texting using
mobile devices can cause misunderstanding.
Dad: (5) __________________________________ We talked a lot, and it helped us understand each
other more.
Nam: I wish I could experience your childhood once.
Dad: (6) __________________________________ Instead, you can create your own life with things
that fulfil your wish and lifestyle!
VIII. Choose the correct answers to complete the passage.
Living in Vietnam today (1) _______________ greatly from the lifestyle of 100 years ago. People in the
past mainly worked in agriculture (2) _______________ today there are significantly less people working
in this sector of the economy. These days, (3) _______________, people are more likely to be employed in
manufacturing and tourism than in the rice fields. Moreover, Vietnam, which was (4) _______________
agrarian, is transforming into an entirely different country. While agriculture is still an important
component of the Vietnamese economy, other enterprises are (5) _______________ an increasing amount
of economic activity.
However, along with the differences, similarities also exist. The people of Vietnam have retained many of
the characteristics of their (6) _______________. The Vietnamese people are as friendly today as they were
in the past. This is best exemplified in the way they welcome foreigners (7) _______________ their unique
country. Moreover, the resilience and determination of the people of Vietnam has not changed. The
Vietnamese work (8) _______________ and happily towards the development of their country.
1. a. compares b. differs c. becomes d. offers
2. a. however b. therefore c. whereas d. when
3. a. in conclusion b. on purpose c. by comparison d. for once
4. a. traditionally b. gradually c. occasionally d. presently
5. a. grasping for b. holding for c. making up for d. accounting for
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 6. a. founders b. forefathers c. descendants d. seniors
7. a. on b. at c. to d. for
8. a. collectively b. separably c. accordingly d. similarly
IX. Read the text then do the tasks.
LIFE IN THE PAST VS LIFE IN THE PRESENT
Over the last century, there have been many significant changes in the way we live. Obviously, it is
difficult to compare the life of ancient people and the life of the people living in the twenty-first century
because so many changes have occurred. Even the changes that have occurred over the last ten years are
amazing.
To start with, in the past people had to work harder as they did not have tools and machines to make their
work easier. Today, most of the difficult and dangerous work is done by computers and other powerful
machines. In the past living conditions were not as comfortable as they are now. Besides, many people
could not afford household appliances like a fridge or a vacuum cleaner because those used to be luxurious
goods. Another difference between living now and in the past is the fact that nowadays education is
accessible to everyone. In the past men were mainly the only ones educated and women were not allowed
into public or private schools. Besides, nowadays it is much easier to find the educational materials and the
information you need - thanks to the Internet. We are able to speak to a friend who is on the other corner of
the world because we are connected 24/7. Nevertheless, people had better relationships with the neighbors
in years gone by.
All things considered, it is an obvious conclusion that life has changed significantly during the course of
history. In some ways, it is definitely easier to live in the present. On the other hand, however, life now is
much faster and stressful than it used to be in the past. The standard of living has definitely improved but it
can be discussed whether the quality of our lives is also better.
A. Decide whether the following sentences are true (T) or false (F).
1. ____ Life nowadays is the same as life of our ancestors.
2. ____ Technology has made our lives easier.
3. ____ In the past, household appliances were very expensive.
4. ____ Public schools allowed females and males to be educated in the same schools.
5. ____ We can use the internet to communicate with people around the world.
B. Answer the questions.
6. Is life today faster or slower than life in the past?
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
7. What has happened to the standard of living?
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
8. What makes it easy to access information?
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
9. Who or what does some difficult jobs for us?
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________

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10. What makes our lives more comfortable at home?
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
X. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word
in capital.
1. That house is part of the town’s heritage, but the council is demolishing it. (WISH)
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
2. No other religious monuments in the world are as large as Angkor Wat. (LARGEST)
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
3. Mary said she would hold an event about skin care the following month. (WILL)
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
4. He gave her the book “The fault in our stars” as a birthday gift. (SHE)
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
5. He feels sorry that he can’t come to his brother’s wedding. (WISHES)
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
6. “If I were you, I would no longer spend most of my time chatting on Facebook”, he said. (ADVISED)
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
7. On our arrival at the village, people were dancing in front of the communal house. (WHEN)
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
8. The fire of London in 1666 damaged a large part of London’s centre. (BY)
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
XI. Write a paragraph about how your parents used to attend school in the past. Use the following
questions as clues:
🗶 What time did class start/ end?
🗶 How did they go to school?
🗶 How many subjects did they study? What were they?
🗶 What activities did they do during break time?
🗶 How long was their summer holiday?
🗶 What school facilities did they have?
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
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______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
UNIT 5.
OUR EXPERIENCES
A. PHONETICS
I. Say the words in brackets. Then choose the correct word to complete the sentence.
1. (wet / yet) The children were all ______ as they were walking in the rain.
2. (well / yell) The crowd ______ encouragement at the football team.
3. (wield / yield) Because of the drought, these trees no longer ______ fruit.
4. (woke / yoke) We ______ up very early during our army course.
5. (watch / yacht) He kept looking at his ______, afraid he’ll be late.
6. (wars / yours) My summer camp was so fun. What about ______?
7. (wheel / use) The view from the top of the Ferris ______ was amazing.
8. (willow / yellow) Which pair of sneakers should I buy, red one or ______ one?
9. (woolly / uniform) Every Christmas my grandma knits me a new ______ hat.
10. (Wednesday / Yesterday) ______ we went snorkelling to see the coral reefs.
II. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
1. a. worth b. where c. with d. write
2. a. joyful b. year c. young d. lawyer
3. a. sandwich b. award c. wagon d. new
4. a. yogurt b. gym c. yourself d. beyond
5. a. yellow b. away c. wildlife d. unwind
B. VOCABULARY and GRAMMAR
I. Write what these people do under the suitable pictures.
tour a campus explore a site
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 put up tents take photos
go snorkelling give a performance
ride a jeep dance with local people
take an eco-tour see a gong show

1. ________________________________ 2. ________________________________

3. ________________________________ 4. ________________________________

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 5. ________________________________ 6. ________________________________

7. ________________________________ 8. ________________________________

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 9. ________________________________ 10. ________________________________
II. Complete the sentences with the pharses from part I, using the correct verb form.
1. The school choir will ____________________ of Christmas songs at the winter concert.
2. We all took out our phones and ____________________ of the sunrise from the mountain top.
3. They gathered in the park and ____________________ for a night of camping under the sky.
4. For our vacation, we decided to ____________________ to the lush rainforests of Costa Rica.
5. It’s necessary to ____________________ so you can imagine yourself as a student there.
6. Have you ever ____________________ appeared on UNESCO’s World Heritage List?
7. Tourists can choose to ____________________ through the savanna to see the giraffes and zebras up
close.
8. She’d like to ____________________ and discover the world beneath the waves at least once.
9. The last part of the tour is to ____________________ performed by the villagers.
10. If you visit the village during the festival, you can ____________________ around the campfire.
III. Choose the correct adjective and fill in each blank.
1. Climbing to the summit of the mountain was ____________________ and rewarding. (thrilling /
unpleasant)
2. I had a very ____________________ trip to Ha Giang with my friends last summer. (forgettable /
memorable)
3. Forgetting my passport at home was the most ____________________ moment during mytrip.
(embarrassing / exciting)
4. The long delay at the airport made for an ____________________ start to our vacation. (unpleasant /
amazing)
5. The museum’s collection of personal belongings of the soliders in wartime was really
____________________. (pleasant/ touching)

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6. Travelling to Paris for his birthday was a ____________________ experience that Peter will cherish
forever. (normal / special)
7. We went on a ____________________ eco tour of Rock Springs in a clear bottom kayaking. (brilliant /
helpless)
8. The street food tour in Bangkok so was ____________________ that Annie wanted to try it again.
(amazing / embarrassing)
9. It’s really ____________________ to relax on the beach with a good book under the sun. (thrilling /
enjoyable)
10. He enjoys doing extreme sports such as paragliding as they give him a(n) ____________________
feeling. (exhilarating/ peaceful)
IV. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
1. I felt completely _____________ after I lost my wallet in the middle of a foreign city.
a. unpleasant b. helpless c. touching d. brilliant
2. As he stood in front of the class to give a speech, his mind suddenly _____________ blank.
a. went b. turned c. became d. walked
3. In certain subjects, like vocabulary memorization, _____________ can be helpful for students.
a. touring a campus b. studying for exams
c. giving a performance d. learning by rote
4. The school’s festival is always a(n)event, showcasing the talents of students.
a. thrilling b. embarrassing c. exciting d. boring
5. _____________ activities like group projects promote unity among students.
a. Building team b. Team-build c. Team-building d. Team-built
6. The summer camp had a “jungle” _____________, and we learned many survival skills.
a. scenery b. theme c. tour d. type
7. Snorkelling along the coral reefs, I was fascinated by the marine life on the _____________.
a. seabed b. seaside c. seashell d. seaport
8. Learning to play a musical instrument has been a challenging but rewarding _____________.
a. experiment b. excitement c. explanation d. experience
9. This army course is not a place to relax. It has a(n) _____________ schedule, with strict timetables and
hard training sessions.
a. magnificent b. army-like c. forgettable d. enjoyable
10. Before the music camp, Jamie used to _____________ confidence when playing the piano.
a. lack b. want c. miss d. give
V. Complete the sentences with the present perfect form of the verbs in the box.
travel enroll complete work visit
not win be try stay not attend
1. Peter _____________ the science museum twice this semester for his project.
2. ______ those explorers ever _______overnight in the rainforest?
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3. Sarah _____________ any concerts of that singer yet although she’s a big fan of him.
4. We just _____________ in an online course in computer programming.
5. How many summer courses _______you______ so far?
6. She’s nervous as she _______never______ bungee jumping before.
7. How long _______you______ as a volunteer for the WWF?
8. The team is discouraged because they _____________ any competitions yet.
9. Mrs Molly _______already ______ to five different countries in the past 2 years.
10. My brother _____________ a class monitor for three years in a row.
VI. Underline the correct answer.
1. That tourist has backpacked / backpacked through Southeast Asia since last year.
2. We wish to visit another landmark as we have already / yet explored the ancient ruins of Rome.
3. My mum has taught me how to play the piano for / since my childhood.
4. How many times did you go / have you gone trekking in the rainforest?
5. Their trip is over, but they haven’t tasted any street food in Bangkok just / yet.
6. My family have stayed in a cruise around the Mediterranean for / since a week.
7. Mr Smith has travelled / travelled back and forth between the US and Viet Nam over the past decade.
8. Anna has raised a rescue dog from the local shelter two years ago /for two years.
9. I have never been on a trip without my family so far / before so I’m quite worried.
10. Did you ever try / Have you ever tried skydiving or bungee jumping before?
VII. Supply the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1. I can’t believe she ____________________ (not book) her flight for the summer vacation yet.
2. They ____________________ (do) community service in their neighbourhood every June.
3. Mount Everest is the most challenging mountain I ____________________ (ever, climb).
4. Last year, we ____________________ (explore) the savanna of Africa on a jeep tour.
5. How many eco-tours __________you __________ (take) for the past three years?
6. I hope my best friend and I ____________________ (not argue) during our field trip.
7. Peter ____________________ (injure) his hand while he ____________________ (attend) an army
course.
8. The tour guide ____________________ (help) us a lot since we ____________________ (arrive) in
Paris.
9. My flight ____________________ (be) tomorrow so at present I ____________________ (pack) my
clothes.
10. Carla usually ____________________ (visit) Australia in the summer, but she ____________________
(never/ go) snorkelling to see the coral reefs.
11. ____________________ (you/ ever/ be) to Japan? - No, I ____________________ (not be) to Japan
yet.
12. How long ____________________ (Mrs Grey/ teach) in this school? ~ She(start) teaching here two
years ago.
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13. She ____________________ (have) a breakthrough in her research some years ago, and since then
she(be) very successful.
VIII. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.
Yuko moved to Montreal this year. She (1) ____________________ (live) in Montreal for about eight
months. When she (2) ____________________ (move) to Montreal from Tokyo, she was a little nervous
and scared, but now she (3) ____________________ (feel) very comfortable and knows the city very well.
She has found a nice apartment downtown, and it (4) ____________________ (not be) too expensive. She
has found a job teaching Japanese, and she likes it a lot. She has also seen a lot of places and done a lot of
things in Montreal. For example, Yuko (5) ____________________ (be) to Mount Royal, she (6)
_________________ (ride) on the Metro, and she (7) __________________ (eat) a Montreal bagel. She
has also learned a lot of French and improved her English. She (8) ____________________ (make) a lot of
friends, too. Some of her friends (9) ____________________ (be) from Montreal, but some of them (10)
____________________ (recently, move) to Montreal just like Yuko. She (11) ____________________
(take) many photographs since she (12) ____________________ (arrive). She (13) __________________
(like) the brightly painted houses. She (14) ____________________ (visit) many museums and art
galleries. She has even survived the cold Montreal winter!
IX. Complete the second sentence so that It has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the
word In capital.
1. I have never attended any army course before. (FIRST)
→ This is
2. Matthew applied for a fully funded scholarship two months ago. (SINCE)
→ It
3. That’s the most memorable summer camp the kids have ever joined. (SUCH)
→ The kids have never
4. It’s been a few months since Annie last went snorkelling in the Philippines. (FOR)
→ Annie
5. The singer hasn’t given any performance for five years. (AGO)
→ The last time
6. I met my best friend at secondary school. (KNOWN)
→ My best friend and I
7. My older brother has worked as an accountant since January. (IN)
→ My older brother became
8. Sarah hasn’t seen a gong show since she travelled to Da Lat with her family. (WHEN)
→ Sarah
9. The Jacksons moved to the south of France in 2019. (LIVED)
→ The Jacksons
10. She arrived at the campsite a few seconds ago. (JUST)
→ She
X. Choose the best answers.
1. ______________ about the upcoming journey? Can I join?
a. Do you talk b. Did you talk
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c. Are you talking d. Have you talked
2. Have you ever been to the United States? ~ Yes, I ______________ there twice.
a. was b. am being c. was being d. have been
3. When we were in Paris, we ______________ in a semi-detached house in a town.
a. have lived b. lived c. were living d. would live
4. To preserve natural habitat, the government ______________ six national parks so far.
a. establish b. established c. has established d. will establish
5. I think you ______________ the experience of taking part in an eco-tour of Langbiang Mountain.
a. will enjoy b. enjoy c. are enjoying d. enjoyed
6. I ______________ Joane recently. The last time we ______________ was at Mike’s farewell party.
a. saw – met b. haven’t seen – met
c. didn’t see - have met d. have seen – met
7. The accident ______________ while we ______________ photos of wild animals on safari.
a. have happened – took b. happens - are taking
c. was happening - were taking d. happened - were taking
8. They ______________ back from a tour of California’s wine country.
a. just came b. are just coming
c. have just come d. were just coming
9. Where ________you ______ for your holiday? ~ New York. We ______________ tickets.
a. do ... go - already booked b. will... go - already have booked
c. are ... going - have already booked d. did ... go - were already booking
10. How long ______________ as a tour guide in Venice? ~ For 3 years and then I moved to London.
a. do you work b. did you work
c. were you working d. have you worked
11. You’d better go to bed early tonight. The plane ______________ at 6 o’clock tomorrow morning so
we’ll have to be up by 4.30!
a. leaves b. will leave c. has left d. is leaving
12. This summer we ______________ on a walking tour around some of the most beautiful villages in
Provence.
a. go b. went c. has gone d. were going
13. I ______________ my own living since I ______________ seventeen, doing all kinds of jobs.
a. earn – was b. was earning - has been
c. earned - has been d. have earned – was
14. ______________ that there are no wild snakes in Ireland?
a. Do you know b. Are you knowing
c. Have you known d. Did you know

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15. _______ the villagers _______when the tornado ______________ in the village?
a. Are ... sleeping - touches down b. Did ... sleep - was touching down
c. Were ... sleeping - touched down d. Have ... slept - touched down
XI. Fill in each blank with a suitable preposition.
1. I still clearly remember the starry sky after coming _______ from my camping trip.
2. There have been numerous explorers trying to climb _______ the top of Mount K2.
3. From the architecture to the cuisine, every corner of Istanbul is rich _______ history and culture.
4. The guide walked us _______ the history of the Buckingham Palace.
5. We spent a great time walking _______ the sandy beaches of Hawaii at sunset.
6. The tourists were invited to dance _______ the local people during the Carnival.
7. In certain subjects like history, students often learn _______ rote to remember dates and events.
8. Hurry up! We need to put _______ all the tents before it turns dark.
9. What activities did you do during your stay _______ South Africa?
10. Have you ever argued _______ your best friend? ~ Several times.
c. SPEAKING
I. Complete the conversation with the sentences from the box (A - G).

John: (1) _______________________________________________________________________

Chris: My family took an eco-tour to the Great Barrier Reef in Australia.
John: (2) _______________________________________________________________________
Chris: Me neither. It was such an unforgettable experience.
John: (3) _______________________________________________________________________
Chris: I learned snorkelling from the locals, then explored the seabed and saw the magnificent coral reefs.
John: (4) _______________________________________________________________________
Chris: That was actually my first time. It was scary at first, but once I was used to it, I kept getting amazed
by the ocean.
John: (5) _______________________________________________________________________
Chris: Absolutely!

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John: (6) _______________________________________________________________________
Chris: Of course. Next time, rd like to visit villages where I can experience the local culture and see a tribal
dance show.
John: (7) _______________________________________________________________________
Chris: Sure. Let’s ask our parents if we could travel together next summer!
II. Choose the best answer to complete the conversations.
1. A: I’m really sorry for forgetting your birthday yesterday.
B: __________________________ I know you’ve been busy.
a. That’s my problem. b. Oops, my mistake.
c. Alright. Please do it now! d. It’s okay, don’t worry about it!
2. A: I’m late to our meeting. __________________________
B: No problem at all. Thanks for letting me know.
a. I’m really sorry about that. b. I have to accept your apology.
c. Do you have problem with me? d. Accidents happen sometimes.
3. A: I apologise for spilling water on your desk.
B: __________________________ Just be more careful next time.
a. No way! b. That’s alright.
c. I thought you could do better. d. I don’t want to accept it.
4. A: __________________________
B: It’s okay. I’m just glad you brought it back.
a. Sorry about lending you my book.
b. I’m sorry I forgot my book at home.
c. I’d like to apologise for not returning your book sooner.
d. My mistake. I’ve brought the wrong book.
5. A: Hey. I think that’s my coat.
B: __________________________
a. Sorry. This won’t happen again. b. Oops, my mistake. Here you go.
c. I’m so sorry. Are you alright? d. No problem. Here you are.
d. READING
I. Complete the advertisement for a summer camp with words from the box.
beautiful exhilarating snorkelling exploring
team-building accommodation setting up experience
The Teen Adventure Program is a unique and challenging (1) ________________ for campers 14 to 16
years of age. Teens participate in a variety of outdoor activities while (2) _________________ the beauty
of the region and making new friends from around the globe. The Camp California staff, along with the
reliable activity specialists, make Teen Adventure the adventure of a lifetime, filled with fun and (3)
_________________ activities like kayaking, rock climbing, mountain biking, hiking, (4)
_________________, caving, sailing, and much, much more.
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The first couple days of Teen Adventure Program give campers the opportunity to get to know each other
and their counselors through a variety of (5) _________________ challenges. Once on the road, teams of
campers and counselors visit a variety of tourist destinations and adventure areas. Teens assist staff with
preparing their own meals, as well as (6) _________________ and taking down the camp sites each day.
Evenings are time to relax around a campfire after the day’s adventure, sing songs, play games, or visit
some of the region’s most (7) _________________ towns and villages. (8) _________________ varies
from tents to cabins or dorms, depending on the location and weather.
II. Read the text carefully, then choose the correct answers.
I’ve had my fair share of travel mishaps throughout the years, but my worst travel experience happened
during my first solo trip outside of the European Union. My trip to Turkey was amazing, but then things
went wrong hours before I was supposed to fly back home.
After packing my suitcase during the night and just before heading down to the lobby to catch the airport
shuttle, I decided to lie on the soft bed one last time. And, of course, I fell asleep. I woke up three hours
later and instantly panicked. There was no way I would make it to the airport on time to catch my flight,
and I felt helpless. I was terrified of being stuck in Turkey and had no idea what to do.
After calling my family back home, tears running, I eventually headed down to the lobby. And while the
staff could not help me, a local approached me to ask what was wrong.
The local proceeded to help me by calling the Turkish hotline of the airline for me. To my dismay, there
was nothing they could do. But then the wonderful stranger looked up new flights back home for me.
Thanks to the kindness of this stranger, I managed to make it home that very day. And it made me realize
that you are never truly alone, even if you are solo traveling. After all, there are amazing people
everywhere that are happy to help when you find yourself in a bad situation while traveling.
1. The writer’s trip to Turkey was _________________.
a. unpleasant from the beginning b. her first solo trip outside of the EU
c. a trip to her hometown d. the only bad travel experience she had
2. What happened when the writer woke up from her sleep?
a. She realised it was impossible to catch her flight on time.
b. She packed her suitcase and waited for the airport shuttle.
c. Her flight took off three hours ago.
d. She got lost in Turkey so she got panicked.
3. What did the hotel staff do to help the writer?
a. They called to inform her family back home.
b. They called the airline hotline for her.
c. They couldn’t do anything to help her.
d. They approached and asked her what was wrong.
4. The word “dismay” in paragraph 4 can be replaced by _________________.
a. happiness b. excitement c. embarrassment d. disappointment
5. How did the story end?
a. A local helped her get another flight back home on the same day.
b. There was nothing she could do and she got stuck in Turkey.
c. She was not alone in Turkey so she didn’t feel worried.

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d. She called her family and waited for them in the lobby.
6. Which of the following statements is true?
a. The writer was calm even though she couldn’t make it to the airport on time.
b. The writer overslept and missed her flight home.
c. Turkish airline cancelled the ticket and required her to buy a new one.
d. She learned a lesson that she should never travel alone again.
e. WRITING
I. Write sentences, using the clues given.
1. My first week/ summer camp/ be/ amazing/ adventure/ so far.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
2. The/ long/ he/ spend/ practice the piano/ the/ proficient/ he/ become.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
3. Some tourists/ take/ photos/ the sunset/ when/ they/ notice/ a wild bear.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
4. The children/ be/ excited/ because/ they/ never/ explore/ the seabed/ before.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
5. I/ wish/ I / do/ more community service/ before/ my graduation.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
6. Katie/ may/ win the competition/ unless/ she/ go/ practice sessions/ regularly.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
7. you/ ever/ come/ school/ late/ or/ fail/ important exam?
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
8. It/ essential/ put/ a barrier/ around the campsite/ keep/ wild animals/ away.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
9. Christian/ join/ 2-week/ course/ army camp/ Kentucky/ last summer.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
10. She/ already/ see/ gong show/ but/ she/ see/ tribal dance show/ yet.

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______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
II. Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first sentence.
1. The last time my family went picnicking together was in 2021.
→ My family have
2. Matthew used to attend an army course, so he has become a disciplined person.
→ Matthew
3. “Who should I contact to book this eco-tour?”
→ I asked my friend
4. I haven’t bought any clothes since my trip to Hanoi.
→ The last time
5. It’s such a shame that it’s raining heavily right now at the campsite.
→ We wish
6. Those hikers have never gone bird-watching in the forest before.
→ This is
7. You can’t register for a course abroad if you don’t have a passport.
→ Unless
8. The children were very exhilarated when riding the roller coaster.
→ The children found
9. As kayaking is so relaxing, we all enjoy doing it every weekend.
→ Kayaking is so
10. You should wear hiking boots, or you may fall while climbing the mountain.
→ If

TEST FOR UNIT 5

I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
1. a. exciting b. thrilled c. magnificent d. exhilarating
2. a. memorable b. helpless c. speciality d. theme
3. a. course b. pleasant c. exam d. revise
4. a. grilled b. attended c. argued d. failed
5. a. waxwork b. software c. power d. warming
II. Choose the word that has the main stress placed differently from the others.
1. a. definitely b. memorable c. interesting d. enjoyable
2. a. explore b. along c. exam d. special
3. a. scenery b. performance c. confidence d. helplessness

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 4. a. tribal b. touching c. exhausted d. thrilling
5. a. speciality b. experience c. community d. activity
III. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
1. Exploring Japan’s countryside offers a rich experience ________________ traditional customs.
a. in b. on c. at d. with
2. Many students memorize historical dates and events ________________ only to pass exams.
a. by mistake b. by chance c. by rote d. by hand
3. Watching the sunset from the top of Machu Picchu was a(n) ________________ moment of awe and
wonder.
a. unpleasant b. helpless c. forgettable d. exhilarating
4. To reach the remote village near the Himalayan foothills, we had to ________________ along narrow
mountain roads.
a. climb a mountain b. ride a jeep
c. tour a campus d. take an eco-tour
5. During our visit to Rome, Khang made sure to ________________ every corner of the Colosseum.
a. go b. attend c. lack d. explore
6. I turned bright red with ________________ when I tripped over a tree root during my summer camp’s
hiking trip.
a. excitement b. amazement c. embarrassment d. exhilaration
7. ________________ I planned the trip carefully, we ended up staying in a really bad hotel.
a. Although b. Because c. Since d. Even if
8. After his solo trip to Europe, he felt like he ________________ a lot and gained more experience.
a. put up b. grew up c. brought up d. given up
9. Mollyto Paris several times last year, but she ________________ the Seine River by boat yet.
a. travelled - didn’t tour b. has travelled - hasn’t toured
c. has travelled - didn’t tour d. travelled - hasn’t toured
10. A: “Have you searched for information on our history project?”
B: “________________. I totally forgot about it. I’ll do it right now.”
a. I’m really sorry b. Already c. That’s okay d. You’re welcome
IV. Write the correct form or tense of the verbs in brackets.
1. How many mountains _________ you________ (climb) so far?
2. We ________________ (take) a memorable eco-tour to Cat Tien National Park last year.
3. It ________________ (start) to rain heavily while the tourists ________________ (explore) the ancient
ruins.
4. I wish I ________________ (not attend) this army course. It’s so exhausting!
5. Kenny ________________ (travel) to new countries every summer to explore different cultures.
6. My sister ________________ (argue) with her best friend over the phone at present.
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7. If it ________________ (not snow), they ________________ (hike) in the Swiss Alps.
8. Kayla ________________ (do) many community services since she ________________ (graduate) from
high school.
9. It’s interesting ________________ (see) a gong show and ________________ (dance) with the local
people.
10. The children enjoy ________________ (learn) survival skills at the summer camp.
V. Write the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. Sarah felt a sense of ________________ as she struggled to solve the complex maths problem. (helpless)
2. Roasting marshmallows over the campfire gave us a(n) ________________ feeling. (please)
3. Camping under the starry sky was such a(n) ________________ moment that I will remember forever.
(forget)
4. Jack hasn’t gone snorkelling, but he will ________________ try it next time. (definite)
5. I registered for this public speaking course because I lacked ________________ in my skills. (confident)
6. They’ve made friends with some ________________ people during the army camp. (amaze)
7. He used a mind map to help him ________________ English vocabularies. (memory)
8. Have you ever tried the ________________ pork skewers from a street vendor in Bangkok? (grill)
9. Wendy tried to hide her ________________ after she tripped and spilled her lunch at the canteen,
(embarrass)
10. During exam period, most of us stayed up late to ________________ the lessons. (revision)
VI. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the
following sentences.
1. I had a pleasant (A) time at (B) secondary school because (C) I had to deal with many bullies (D).
2. The student learned (A) everything with heart (B), so (C) he couldn’t answer (D) a different question.
3. Do you ever (A) participated in (B) a photography club before (C)? It’s interesting (D) and helpful.
4. The tourists enjoyed some local specialities (A), then (B) saw a tribe dance (C) show in front of
the communal house (D).
5. Nam has provided (A) eco-tours for (B) many foreign visitors to (C) Viet Nam since (D) several years.
6. During (A) my first presentation, my mind turned (B) completely blank due to (C) nervousness (D).
7. Although (A) that singer has held (B) many concerts, she still finds giving (C) a
performance exhilarated (D).
8. Seeing (A) a gong show is one of (B) the most interesting experiences (C) I had (D) in my entire life.
9. After putting out (A) the tents together (B), the children will learn (C) how to build (D) a campfire.
10. Before her son attended (A) a 10-days (B) course in an army camp (C), he was a very shy (D) boy.
VII. Complete the conversation with the phrases or sentences in the box.
A. Good idea. E. You're right.
B. It's amazing! F. Absolutely not!
C. That's not true. G. Have a good time.
D. I will. H. It's a truly awesome sight.

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1. “Have you ever visited Niagara Falls?” - “Yes, twice. ___________________________”
2. “How’s your holiday going?” - “___________________________ There are many beautiful and nice
places to travel in New Zealand.”
3. “Did you enjoy your summer camp?” - “___________________________ I found the camp so boring.”
4. “Everyone looks eager for the summer holiday.” - “___________________________ They can’t wait for
the summer camp next week.”
5. “I think Toronto is the capital of Canada.” - “___________________________ It’s Ottawa.”
6. “We’re going on a trip to New York tomorrow.” - “___________________________”
7. “Why don’t we register for a summer camp?” - “___________________________”
8. “Remember to send me postcards when you get there.” – “___________________________”
VIII. Choose the best answer to complete the conversations.
1. A: ___________________________ It’s getting cold in.
B: Not at all.
a. Would you like me to turn up the AC?
b. Can you please turn up the AC?
c. I can turn up the AC if you like.
d. Do you mind turning up the AC?
2. A: Can you write a report on your field trip to the zoo?
B: ___________________________
a. We’re really sorry about that, Ms Doyle.
b. Thank you very much for that, Ms Doyle.
c. Yes, Ms Doyle. How much time do we have?
d. Not at all, Ms Doyle. We don’t mind.
3. A: I’m really sorry I spilled coffee on your shirt. That was totally my fault.
B: ___________________________
a. I know this is hard on you. b. Oops, that was my mistake.
c. It’s alright, accidents happen. d. That’s not a good idea at all.
4. A: ___________________________
B: No problem. I’m happy to help!
a. Can I take a photo of you?
b. Thank you very much for taking the photos.
c. I’m really sorry for taking the photos without asking.
d. Would you like me to take photos?
5. A: Would you like some help with those suitcases?
B: ___________________________
a. Oh, thank you. b. You’re welcome.

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c. Yes, of course. d. No problem.
IX. Choose the correct answers to complete the passage.
Summer camp is an American tradition, and millions of children (1) __________________ some form of
camp each year. Camp gives children a chance to (2) __________________ in a multitude of ways, and is a
great chance for children to develop life skills that they can practice long after the camp concludes.
Camp offers children a chance to immerse themselves in new activities away from home and things that
would (3) __________________ distract them. As children exit their (4) __________________ zone,
they’re free to learn new things without judgment, and in an environment where everyone is learning new
skills every day. This immersive experience encourages children to try new things and be (5)
__________________ in their skillset.
Summer camp also gives children and teens a chance to operate outside of their parent’s supervision, (6)
__________________ helps them improve their independent thought process. Camp gives children a
chance to brush their teeth, make their bed, adhere to a curfew, and follow camp rules all (7)
__________________ parents telling them to do so. All of this independent decision-making helps kids
become more confident in (8) __________________, and helps them become more capable independent
decision makers.
1. a. explore b. attend c. tour d. learn
2. a. grow b. memorize c. give d. build
3. a. however b. otherwise c. so d. but
4. a. comfortable b. comforting c. comfort d. comfortably
5. a. more flexible b. most flexible c. as flexible as d. less flexible
6. a. that b. who c. whose d. which
7. a. outside b. without c. beyond d. between
8. a. yourself b. itself c. themselves d. ourselves
X. Read the text carefully, then do the tasks.
One embarrassing moment I would never forget took place when I was in 9th grade. For my final written
exam, I received the exam schedule 10 days before the exam. We had 8 subjects and the exam for each
subject was lined up within a span of 10 days with 2 holidays. For the 3rd exam, we had a holiday, the day
before the exam. I started studying Social Sciences. The exam day arrived and I entered the classroom.
I was all prepared to take an exam on Social Sciences. The supervisor entered the classroom and started
distributing the answer sheets at first. On the answer sheet, it was printed ‘Mathematics Exam Answer
Sheet’. I was shocked and confirmed with the supervisor and the student on the desk behind me. Both
confirmed that the exam schedule that day we had Mathematics exam.
The moment brought me a lot of embarrassment in the classroom. Because of my carelessness, I was going
to write an exam for which I had not prepared. I was terrified and requested the supervisor to give me some
time to brush up on Mathematics theories before I start. He denied my request as that was against the
college’s exam policy. I was left with no choice but to write the paper knowing that I am going to fail.
Fortunately, I had prepared thoroughly for Mathematics in the previous months because of which I
managed to pass the Mathematics exam.
Today, after years, I and my friends laugh at this embarrassing incident and they still make fun of me for
putting myself into such an awkward situation.
A. Decide whether the following sentences are true (T) or false (F).
1. _____ The writer was informed about the exam in advance.
2. _____ The math exam mentioned in the passage took place after the writer had a holiday.
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3. _____ The writer knew that he would take a social sciences exam when the supervisor handed out the
answer sheet.
4. _____ Both the supervisor and the student behind the writer didn’t know which exam to take.
5. _____ The supervisor allowed the writer to review some math theories before the exam.
6. _____ The writer could still pass the exam because he had revised his math lessons months before.
B. Choose the correct answers.
7. What is the passage mainly about?
a. The writer’s exam period in 9th grade
b. The writer’s embarrassing moment
c. The writer’s holiday before the 3rd exam
d. The writer’s problems at school
8. The writer mistook a math exam for a social sciences exam because __________________.
a. he was careless b. he was shocked
c. he was terrified d. he was embarrassed
9. The word “policy” in the last paragraph mostly means __________________.
a. manner b. instruction c. direction d. rule
10. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
a. The writer and his friends still talk about this incident many years later.
b. The writer’s exam period lasted for 10 days, including 2 holidays.
c. The writer was confident that he wouldn’t fail his math exam.
d. The writer revised his social sciences lessons instead of his math lessons.
XI. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence.
1. It was raining very heavily at the campfire, but we all still enjoyed every moment.
→ Although
2. It’s pity she can’t go snorkelling to see the coral reef with us.
→ We wish
3. Riding the roller coaster was so thrilling that the children wanted to try again.
→ Because
4. These tourists have never taken an eco-tour to the national park before.
→ This is
5. If Marie doesn’t get good marks, her parents won’t let her attend the summer camp.
→ Unless
6. This photo reminds me of the time I climbed a mountain with my friends.
→ This photo makes me
7. Seeing a tribal dance show was more interesting than other activities during the trip.
→ Seeing a tribal dance show

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8. At the time the bear appeared at the campsite, everyone was putting up tents.
→ The bear
9. They were excited about exploring the ancient site of Machu Picchu.
→ They found it
10. The last time that singer gave a performance was five years ago.
→ That singer has
UNIT 6.
VIETNAMESE LIFESTYLE: THEN AND NOW
A. PHONETICS
I. Say the words in brackets. Then choose the correct word to complete the sentence.
1. fresh / flesh) The salad was made with _____________ vegetables like cucumber, onions,
tomatoes, herbs and black pepper.
2. (frat / flat) He used to live in a small, cozy _____________ in the city center.
3. (frame / flame) David used a match to start thein the fireplace.
4. (frog / flog) She found a tiny, green _____________ hiding among the leaves.
5. (frown / flown) The kite _____________ by the children soared high in the sky.
6. (fruit / flute) Learning to play there _____________ quires patience and dedication.
7. (frank / flank) Can we have a _____________ discussion about our history project?
8. (free / flea) Shipping is _____________ for orders over $50.
9. (fries / flies) Would you like some burgers and _____________ for lunch?
10. (fright / flight) He was angry as his _____________ to Paris was delayed for two hours.
II. Read the sentences aloud. Then underline the words that have the sounds /fl/ and /fr/.
1. The fragile flowers fluttered in the breeze as spring was about to come.
2. Honest communication is crucial in resolving conflicts between friends.
3. The reader frowned as she flipped through the pages of the new novel.
4. This flavorful dish is made from fresh and organic ingredients.
5. Everyone in the building was frightened since the flame was so intense.
6. The flute artist performed a lively French folk tune at the festival.
7. The floor is spotlessly clean, and the whole room gives off a pleasant fragrance.
8. Despite their past disagreements, their friendship still holds influence over him.
B. VOCABULARY and GRAMMAR
I. Match the verb or phrasal verb with its definition.
1. pursue a. write down information when somebody is speaking, or when you are reading a
book, etc.
2. depend on b. give or be ready to give help to somebody if they need
3. memorize c. rely on somebody/ something and be able to trust them
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 4. dye d. do something or try to achieve something over a period of time
5. take notes e. make somebody/ something better than before
6. replace f. learn something carefully so that you can remember it exactly
7. support g. take the place of somebody/ something
8. improve h. change colour of something, especially by using a special liquid
Your answers:
1. ______ 2. ______ 3. ______ 4. ______ 5. ______ 6. ______ 7. ______ 8. ______
II. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in part I.
1. I think educational robots will never ________________ human teachers in classrooms.
2. Thanks to advanced technology, life in this fishing village is ________________ day by day.
3. After high school, Janet decided to go to Britain to ________________ higher studies.
4. To have a successful harvest, farmers still have to ________________ weather conditions.
5. My parents have always ________________ me in whatever I’ve wanted to do.
6. Nicky ________________ his hair reddish blonde for the role of a crooked lawyer.
7. Make sure to ________________ during class so you can review the lesson again at home.
8. You shouldn’t write down your PIN number, try to ________________ it.
III. Complete the sentences with the words from the box.
materials nuclear extended various generation
family-oriented personal freedom opportunity facilities
1. Are teenagers nowadays given ________________ of choice in most decisions they make?
2. ________________ include a large indoor pool, jacuzzi and sauna.
3. A ________________ family is a family group consisting of two parents and their children.
4. My grandfather had to work to support his family, so he missed the ________________ to attend school.
5. The school festival offer ________________ stypes of traditional games such as Cat and Mouse, Dragon
and Snake, etc.
6. The younger ________________ have grown up with the convenience of the Internet and smart devices.
7. A typical ________________ family consists of multiple generations living together in the same
household.
8. I think Mr. Wilson is a very ________________ man. He enjoys spending time with his wife and kids
after work.
9. You should be careful with the ________________ information you share on social media.
10. This ancient wooden house was built using 100% natural ________________.
IV. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
1. This region used to be very poor, but now most ________________ own at least one car.
a. generations b. lives c. cities d. households

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2. ________________ clothes like jeans and T-shirts are commonly worn as they are more comfortable.
a. Traditional b. Formal c. Western d. Ethnic
3. Electric poles are installed along the roads near the slopes to ________________ electricity to a remote
village.
a. replace b. improve c. provide d. support
4. Children nowadays would rather play video games and surf the internet than spend time
________________.
a. outdoors b. openly c. closely d. indoors
5. Extended families often struggle with problems arising from generation ________________.
a. difference b. gap c. cut d. privacy
6. The living ________________ in rural areas has witnessed a significant upgrade over the past 10 years.
a. condition b. difference c. opportunity d. lifestyle
7. A report shows that most teens keep their Facebook ________________ from their parents.
a. private b. independent c. different d. personal
8. A ________________ classroom allows students to choose what and how they will learn.
a. simple b. democratic c. various d. natural
9. As people care more about green living, there’s an increasing ________________ of cycling to work.
a. fame b. acceptance c. popularity d. reputation
10. If you want to enter the medical ________________, you need to complete a degree in medicine.
a. condition b. business c. employment d. profession
V. Underline the correct form.
1. She agreed not to tell / not telling anyone about what had happened.
2. He disliked to work / working with committees and avoided it whenever possible.
3. She suggested to replace / replacing the old lights with energy-efficient light bulbs.
4. They chose to stay / staying in a cheap hotel but spend more money on meals.
5. I regretted not to learn / not learning to play the piano when I was younger.
6. Never rely on someone else’s memory. Learn to trust / trusting your own.
7. Please, avoid to touch / touching the wires with wet hands.
8. Gina tried to open / opening the door, but it seemed to be/ being stuck.
9. After finishing his studies, John intends to enrol / enrolling in a vocational course.
10. She postponed to make / making a decision on opening the new shop.
11. The police refuse to comment / commenting on whether anyone has been arrested.
12. In spite of the traffic, we managed to get /getting to the airport in time.
13. Sometimes she would stop to cry / crying for a while, and it seemed that she was gaining control.
14. John wants to learn / learning French after graduating from high school.
15. The children fancy to go /going to the swimming pool on a hot summer day.

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VI. Complete the sentences with verbs from the box, using Verb + to-infinitive or Verb + V-ing.
meet go take buy work spend tell be
switch off listen change ban earn
1. Has the technician finished ________________ the battery of my phone?
2. She has decided ________________ travelling for a year before starting university.
3. Did I mention ________________ our clients on Monday?
4. Katherine appears ________________ the most qualified person for the job.
5. On the way to the station, I stopped ________________ a paper.
6. Do you remember ________________ the lights before we came out?
7. You can’t expect a household$3,000 per month in the past.
8. After I finished ________________ on the poster for my history project, I printed it.
9. The council is considering ________________ vehicles from the town centre to relieve congestion.
10. My grandpa has promised ________________ me about his childhood after dinner.
11. If you are planning ________________ classes in a summer term, remember that fewer courses are
offered.
12. I always enjoy ________________ to classical music whenever I’m feeling stressed.
13. Mom would love ________________ time in the garden, taking care of her flowers and plants.
VII. Supply the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1. When my dad was young he couldn’t afford ________________ (pay) for his tuition fees.
2. I could hardly imagine ________________ (live) in such a remote and desolate spot.
3. He promised ________________ (not reveal) my secret to anyone, but he lied!
4. Many young people spend the whole day ________________ (play) online games.
5. Both children deny ________________ (break) the window, but I’m sure they did.
6. I must remember ________________ (go) shopping later - we have no food!
7. Our grandparents tried their best ________________ (provide) our parents with a comfortable live
despite poverty.
8. Excuse me, would you mind ________________ (clean) the table, please?
9. Peter pretended ________________ (take) notes in class; in fact, he was drawing.
10. Hoa suggested ________________ (wear) ao dai for the presentation on traditional costumes.
VIII. Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first.
1. It is necessary to replace the old-fashioned heating system with a hi-tech one.
→ You need
2. It was surprising that we could find a western-style restaurant in an Asian town.
→ We didn’t expect
3. Museums normally don’t let visitors touch their artworks or artefacts.
→ Museums normally don’t allow

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4. Those children find learning about how Vietnam has transformed itself interesting.
→ Those children enjoy
5. We had an agreement to play traditional games at our school festival.
→ We agreed
6. My father said that I should study hard to pass the entrance exam to high school.
→ My father advised me
7. Many children of my grandpa’s generation had to give up studying due to poverty.
→ Many children of my grandpa’s generation had to stop
8. They have put off building a new bridge between the two villages.
→ They have postponed
9. They had plans to increase the number of people learning English in rural areas.
→ They planned
10. Would you like to know more about the history of our handicraft village?
→ Do you fancy
IX. Choose the correct answers.
1. Back then, farmers often let their crops ________________ naturally without modern pesticides.
a. to grow b. growing c. grow d. grew
2. Our group has decided ________________ about Vietnamese lifestyle in the past in the history class.
a. talk b. talking c. to talk d. to talking
3. The children fancy ________________ traditional games in the village square rather than video games.
a. playing b. to play c. play d. being played
4. My parents used to advise me ________________ the elderly and prioritize education.
a. respect b. to respect c. respecting d. to be respected
5. Local guides often suggest ________________ rural villages to witness traditional crafts like pottery
making.
a. explore b. to explore c. should explore d. exploring
6. The volunteers are helping ________________ beaches and parks to protect the environment.
a. cleaning b. to cleaning c. to be cleaned d. clean
7. Harsh weather conditions made farmers ________________ their planting techniques to survive.
a. adapt b. to adapt c. adapting d. be adapted
8. Do you mind ________________ your thoughts on the changes in lifestyle in the 21st century?
a. to share b. to be sharing c. sharing d. share
9. The students all agreed ________________ in cultural performances to showcase Vietnamese traditions.
a. participating b. to participate c. participate d. to participating
10. Everyone in the neighbourhood look forward to ________________ Tet, and they spend their free time
________________ singing folk songs.

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a. celebrate – practicing b. celebrating – practicing
c. celebrate - to practice d. celebrating – to practice
X. Fill in each blank with a suitable preposition.
1. It is wrong ________________ him to get so angry over such a little thing.
2. I can’t imagine how those students could study ________________ such poor conditions!
3. Life at present is obviously different ________________ life 100 years ago.
4. It was impossible ________________ him to convince her that he was right.
5. Women nowadays can take care of themselves and don’t have to depend ________________ other
people.
6. I’m beginning to like Japanese food. I certainly prefer rice ________________ potatoes.
7. Electricity has changed the mountainous village ________________ the better.
8. What she wrote in the essay explained a lot ________________ her thoughts of our country in the past.
9. Peasants’ houses from this period were made ________________ sticks, straw and mud.
10. In the past, women had little to no freedom ________________ choice.
c. SPEAKING
I. Write questions for the underlined parts.
1. A:
______________________________________________________________________________________
B: Vietnam’s transportation system has changed dramatically over the past ten years.
2. A:
______________________________________________________________________________________
B: Electric trams were used as the main means of public transport in Hanoi.
3. A:
______________________________________________________________________________________
B: Construction of the Thu Thiem tunnel was delayed because of difficulties in site clearance.
4. A:
______________________________________________________________________________________
B: The first metro in Saigon will be put into operation in 2025.
5. A:
______________________________________________________________________________________
B: The railroad of Vietnam is over 3,000 km in total.
6. A:
______________________________________________________________________________________
B: The Hai Van Tunnel is situated on Highway 1.
7. A:
______________________________________________________________________________________
B: The first skytrains in Vietnam have four compartments.
8. A:
______________________________________________________________________________________
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B: People in Vietnam travelled by bicycle in the past.
II. Choose the best answer to complete the conversations.
1. A: Are you living in an extended family?
B: __________________________________________
a. I like multi-generational households.
b. What differences are there?
c. Yes, it’s difficult living in the city.
d. No. I only live with my parents.
2. A: It’s so sad that you have to leave early.
B: __________________________________________
a. You don’t have to do that. b. Sorry for coming late.
c. I promise I will visit you soon. d. Thanks a lot for doing that.
3. A: __________________________________________
B: All right. Keep your promise.
a. I’ll come round and take you shopping this afternoon.
b. I don’t mind coming round to take you shopping this afternoon.
c. Can I come round and take you shopping this afternoon?
d. Would you like me to come round and take you shopping this afternoon?
4. A: I promise to cook a really special dinner tonight.
B: __________________________________________
a. Really? How come? b. Great! I appreciate it.
c. Sure. What an offer! d. No problem. You’re so kind.
5. A: My brother will help us with the project on transport in the past.
B: __________________________________________
a. Great! Tell him I say thanks. b. Can he say that again, please?
c. Would he mind me helping him? d. Sorry? I can’t follow him.
d. READING
I. Complete the passage with words from the box.
enjoyable represents Intended generation
tools potential drastically almost
Education has evolved (1) __________________ over time. Humanity began storing and transmitting
knowledge through word of mouth, passing down information about animals, plants and the land to each
succeeding (2) __________________. Formal education is said to have begun in Greece at around 4 BCE.
In fact, the word “school” comes from the Greek word “schole”, which means “leisure”. This provides
insight into how education was perceived back then; as an (3) __________________ activity rather than a
chore.
Today, the likes of Elon Musk have criticised formal education, deeming college degrees as a means of
“prove(ing) that you can do your chores, but they’re not for learning”. Educational (4)
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__________________ have advanced. Wax tablets were amongst the earliest learning instruments used by
the Romans. Today, digital tablets and an electric stylus fill our classrooms and have (5)
__________________ completely replaced pen and paper. Digital technology, comprising computers and
the internet, (6) __________________ the second main wave of disruptive technology since the printing
press. Such technology has completely revolutionised the (7) __________________ for learning and
teaching in more engaging and accessible ways, paving the way for “leisurely learning” as the Greeks (8)
__________________ it to be.
II. Read the text carefully, then choose the correct answers.
Digital devices are used in every aspect of life and provide a mobile, interactive tool for learning. Educators
are finding ways to use them effectively, including the nuances and process of social channels.
Digital devices also allow students to be more mobile instead of being chained to a desk. Interactive
communication such as Skype can also be used for new learning experiences that are shared with other
classrooms. This allows for collaboration for projects between classes and even school-to-school
introducing experiential learning in many communities.
Technology and digital devices have also made teachers more accessible to students using educational
platforms, social media and other means to communicate, upload lessons and assignments, and for
assignment submissions. At the same time, many fear that artificial intelligence is the sleeping giant that
can replace a teacher with many adaptive software developments opening up various possibilities.
Schools are using the internet as a learning tool with many focusing on IT skills. While many have smart
boards in every classroom and students carry around laptops to their lectures.
1. Digital devices are described in the passage as __________________.
a. ways students learn these days
b. helpful educational materials
c. things that help in mobile learning
d. a platform for collaboration
2. What is one advantage of using Skype in education?
a. It only encourages individual learning experiences.
b. It limits interaction between classes and school-to-school.
c. It’s a new learning experience in many communities.
d. It enables collaborations across classrooms and schools.
3. According to the passage, artificial intelligence __________________.
a. has no clear impact on education
b. is more accessible to teachers than to students
c. can communicate, upload lessons and assignments
d. is feared as a potential threat to teachers
4. The phrase “sleeping giant” in paragraph 3 means __________________.
a. one that has great but unrealized power
b. one that is too weak to fight
c. one that is lazy and has no ambition
d. one that is sometimes strong
5. How have digital devices impacted classrooms?
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a. Students who carry laptops to lectures don’t need teachers.
b. Smart boards and laptops appear in many classrooms.
c. Every student in the classroom focuses on IT skills.
d. Schools are using the internet to replace teachers.
6. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
a. The internet is considered a learning tool at schools.
b. Teachers can use educational platforms to communicate with students.
c. Many people are afraid that artificial intelligence can replace teachers.
d. Social channels prevent educators from using digital devices effectively.
e. WRITING
I. Write sentences, using the clues given.
1. many schools/ the world/ found/ the beginning of the 20th century.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
2. it/ nice/ John/ give/ us/ lift/ the train station.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
3. there/ be/ dramatic/ increase/ the number/ people/ travel/ abroad/ recent years.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
4. I/ prefer/ ride/ my bicycles/ catch/ bus/ school/ every morning.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
5. People/ expect/ that/ new/ metro system/ can/ solve/ traffic problem.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
6. The Internet/ provide/ us/ various/ information/ learning materials.
Giaoandethitienganh.info sưu tầm
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
7. traffic system/ Hồ Chí Minh City/ be/ upgraded/ the last five years.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
8. If/ you/ join/ this summer camp/ you/ learn/ use/ traditional/ farming tools.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
9. Children/ the cities/ should/ avoid/ play/ soccer/ on the streets.
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______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
10. Our group/ agree/ present/ differences/ nuclear family/ extended family/ last week.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
II. Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first sentence.
1. It was confident of him to say that he was the best student in his school.
→ He was
2. Our lifestyle has changed considerably since the introduction of Western culture.
→ There has
3. It’s exciting for me to learn that I can come to visit my friend in Phu Yen next month.
→ I am
4. It is necessary to teach those children about how Vietnam has transformed itself.
→ Those children need
5. Maya is sad because she dislikes spending her holiday without her family.
→ Maya is sad because she doesn’t want
6. I can help you review the lessons after school.
→ I don’t mind
7. We came to the school festival and saw everyone playing a traditional game.
→ Everyone was
8. This country forbids smoking in public places.
→ People aren’t allowed
9. There has been a dramatic increase in the number of people learning English.
→ The number of people
10. Children in the past had less freedom of choice than children nowadays.
→ Children nowadays

TEST FOR UNIT 6

I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
1. a. satisfied b. matched c. replaced d. depressed
2. a. consequence b. obedient c. demand d. report
3. a. suffer b. rubber c. suburban d. tunnel
4. a. weather b. sympathetic c. worthy d. bother
5. a. happen b. vehicle c. exhibition d. exhaust

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II. Choose the word that has the main stress placed differently from the others.
1. a. lifestyle b. demand c. sandal d. tunnel
2. a. memory b. exhibit c. compartment d. extended
3. a. collective b. elevate c. suburban d. initial
4. a. vocabulary b. illiteracy c. cooperative d. anniversary
5. a. professional b. democracy c. exhibition d. facility
III. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence or substitute for the underlined
word.
1. ________________ 25 years on, how much has life really changed1994?
a. since b. in c. from d. for
2. Life in this mountainous region has changed remarkable ________________ the better.
a. to b. of c. for d. with
3. Wearing vintage clothes have become a ________________ among young people nowadays.
a. memory b. trend c. material d. costume
4. Mobile learning also enables learners ________________ at their own pace.
a. study b. to study c. studying d. in studying
5. At that time, children usually made toys from ________________ materials, such as leaves or clay.
a. significant b. different c. natural d. electronic
6. ________________ ease traffic congestion, it is necessary to promote the development of public
transport.
a. Because of b. Despite c. In order to d. Since
7. She wished to ________________ a medical career, but she was forced to drop out of university due to
her difficult living condition.
a. take b. memorise c. replace d. pursue
8. They finally finish ________________ the metro line to reduce traffic congestion.
a. to build b. build c. building d. being built
9. I think life today is ________________ comfortable than it was in the past.
a. about as b. a lot more c. more and more d. the more
10. A: ________________ I’ll show you around when you visit my hometown.
B: Great! I appreciate it.
a. I promise b. I don’t mind c. I believe d. I don’t think
IV. Write the correct form or tense of the verbs in brackets.
1. My father prefers ________________ (work) as a farmer rather than a blue-collar worker.
2. I can’t help ________________ (worry) about her traveling abroad on her own.
3. Rubber sandals ________________ (wear) by Vietnamese soldiers during the war against the French and
the Americans.
4. At present she ________________ (write) about educational reformation in Vietnam.
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5. In 1995, I ________________ (go) back to Vietnam after 30 years.
6. In recent years, Vietnam ________________ many changes under the influence of economic reform and
globalization. (experience)
7. How ________________________________ (teaching methods/ change) over the last twenty years?
8. The number of vehicles in Vietnam ________________ (increase) by 10 percent every year.
9. ________________ (you/ take) notes carefully while your teacher was explaining the lesson?
10. I think the phone battery is broken. ~ I ________________ (replace) it with a new one.
V. Write the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. All of us agreed to vote for Ann to be the class monitor. It was a ________________ decision.
(democracy)
2. Before the internet, people ________________ read books or watched TV for leisure. (simple)
3. Young people consider part-time jobs as an opportunity for ________________ development.
(profession)
4. Students are expected to ________________ the entire poem before the test. (memory)
5. There are some significant ________________ between American and Vietnamese education systems.
(different)
6. ________________, markets in the past were often held in the open air. (tradition)
7. Education is the key to helping to improve people’s ________________ conditions. (life)
8. She has a small office that is used for ________________ discussions. (privacy)
9. Nowadays parents give more ________________ to their children than in the past. (free)
10. The markets in the past didn’t have many shops, and prices didn’t ________________ very widely.
(various)
VI. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the
following sentences.
1. It’s difficult study (A) in a foreign country, so (B) students need to prepare (C) for the experience.
2. I’m tired of (A) being told (B) what writing (C) about tram system (D) in Hanoi.
3. They plan to develop (A) democracy (B) education, which (C) increases student choice (D) in school.
4. I’d like going (A) on a bike trip around (B) Ho Chi Minh City to observe (C) the city’s life (D).
5. I prepared (A) my dinner when (B) Charles came (C) and asked (D) me to go out for a meal.
6. The menu has been already (A) changed, but (B) the customers are still complaining (C) about the (D)
lack of variety.
7. I was surprising (A) to learn that there was (B) a tram system (C) in Hanoi a century ago (D).
8. A new rail (A) system in Hanoi is expected (B) to complete (C) in the next few (D) years.
9. You’d better to listen (A) to each other’s (B) ideas when living (C) in an extended (D) family.
10. Nowadays (A) people depend to (B) electronic devices for (C) information and leisure activities (D).
VII. Complete the conversation with the sentences from the box (A - G).

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Grandma: (1) _____________________________
Trung: Oh, hi Grandma! I’m playing an online game with my friends. Did you play games online
when you were young?
Grandma: No. We didn’t have the internet at that time.
Trung: No internet? (2) _____________________________
Grandma: I often read books, played board games and listened to music on the radio.
(3) _____________________________
Trung: That sounds fun. What did you do to spend time with friends?
Grandma: (4) _____________________________ We spent most of our leisure time playing outdoors
and played many traditional games, such as tug of war, jumping rope, hopscotch, dragon-snake game, hide
and seek, etc.
Trung: So interesting! (5) _____________________________
Grandma: Sure, sometimes I went to the movies with my friends and then we had some food.
Trung: (6) _____________________________
Grandma: No, we often bought food from street vendors and we got around everywhere on foot or by
bike.
Trung: (7) _____________________________
Grandma: For sure.
VIII. Choose the correct answers to complete the passage.
Teens today in the U.S. are spending their time (1) __________ than they did a decade ago. They’re
devoting more time to sleep and homework, and less time to paid work and socializing.
(2) __________, teens spend an hour a day, on average, doing homework during the school year, up from
44 minutes a day about a decade ago and 30 minutes in the mid-1990s.
Teens are also getting more sleep than they did in the past. They are clocking an average of over nine and a
half hours of sleep a night, an increase of 22 minutes (3) __________ with teens a decade ago and almost
an hour more than (4) __________ in the mid-1990s.
Teens now enjoy more than five and a half hours of leisure a day. The biggest chunk of teens’ daily leisure
time is spent (5) __________ screens, which can include time spent gaming, surfing the web, watching
videos and watching TV. However, the time spent (6) __________ - including attending parties,
extracurriculars, sporting or other entertainment events (7) __________ I spending time with others in
person or on the phone - has declined.

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Teens also are spending less time on paid work during the school year than their predecessors. Much of this
decline reflects the fact that teens are (8) __________ to work today than in the past.
1. a. similarly b. differently c. individually d. separately
2. a. Overall b. In contrast c. In conclusion d. Almost
3. a. to compare b. comparing c. compare d. compared
4. a. this b. that c. those d. these
5. a. on b. in c. at d. with
6. a. hanging b. socializing c. discussing d. sharing
7. a. as long as b. as well as c. as fast as d. as soon as
8. a. less likely b. more likely c. most likely d. much likely
IX. Read the text carefully, then do the tasks.
From the 20th to the 21st century, there have been significant changes all over the world. Substantial
differences are evident between the way we live today, and the way we lived a century ago. Vietnam is no
exception although there are some facets of life that still resemble the way of life of the twentieth century.
Living in Vietnam today differs greatly from the lifestyle of 100 years ago. People in the past mainly
worked in agriculture whereas today there are significantly less people working in this sector of the
economy. These days, by comparison, people are more likely to be employed in manufacturing and tourism
than in the rice fields. Moreover, Vietnam, which was traditionally agrarian, is transforming into an entirely
different country. While agriculture is still an important component of the Vietnamese economy, other
enterprises are accounting for an increasing amount of economic activity.
However, along with the differences, similarities also exist. The people of Vietnam have retained many of
the characteristics of their forefathers. The Vietnamese people are as friendly today as they were in the past.
This is best exemplified in the way they welcome foreigners to their unique country. Moreover, the
resilience and determination of the people of Vietnam has not changed. The Vietnamese work collectively
and happily towards the development of their country.
A. Match the words in the passage with their definitions.
1. _____ substantial a. the ability to recover quickly after something difficult or bad has
happened
2. _____ facets b. connected with farming
3. _____ manufacturing c. large in amount, value or importance
4. _____ agrarian d. continued to have something
5. _____ retained e. particular parts or aspects of something
6. _____ resilience f. the business of producing goods in large quantities in factories
B. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
1. _____ A minority of countries around the world have experienced dramatic change in the previous
century.
2. _____ Vietnam is not as agrarian as it was in the past.
3. _____ Vietnamese people nowadays are friendlier to foreigners than they used to be.
4. _____ The differences between the lifestyles of yesterday and the lifestyles of today are not evident.
5. _____ Some of the characteristics of Vietnamese people never change.

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6. _____ Vietnamese people are very resilient and determined.
C. Answer the questions.
7. How have lifestyles changed for the last century?
______________________________________________________________________________________
8. What characteristics of Vietnamese people have not changed?
______________________________________________________________________________________
X. Write a new sentence with the same meaning containing the word in capitals.
1. He was so brave that he could tell her what he thought about her. (IT)
______________________________________________________________________________________
2. It surprised me a lot when I met Andy at the History Museum. (EXPECT)
______________________________________________________________________________________
3. There has been a slight drop in the number of people using public transport. (SLIGHTLY)
______________________________________________________________________________________
4. Revising for exams takes up all my time at the moment. (BUSY)
______________________________________________________________________________________
5. There was an increased demand for travel, so the government decided to invest in building the very first
metro system. (AS)
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
6. Our family agreed not to mention work or study during dinner. (HAD)
______________________________________________________________________________________
7. This is the first time I have heard about the tram system in Hanoi. (NEVER)
______________________________________________________________________________________
8. Firefighters spent two hours releasing the driver from the wreckage. (IT)
______________________________________________________________________________________
9. They took the president to the hospital for an emergency operation. (WAS)
______________________________________________________________________________________
10. I was typing my history essay when the computer suddenly crashed. (WHILE)
______________________________________________________________________________________
XI. Write about the changes in your family in the past years. You can use the suggestions below for
your writing.
● Is your family a nuclear family or an extended family?
● Is your family still living in the same neighbourhood? If not, how many times has your family moved?
● Has your house been rebuilt, repaired, or redesigned? Is there any new furniture in your house?
● What does your family do for leisure, in the past and at present?
● Are all the members in your family still living together? Has anyone moved out?

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● How are the relationships among family members?
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
TEST YOURSELF 2
Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three
in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. a. tolerant b. backdrop c. remote d. dogsled
2. a. behavior b. habit c. tramway d. magnificent
3. a. reward b. sewage c. wealthy d. wonder
Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of
stress in each of the following questions.
4. a. brilliant b. unpleasant c. amazing d. enjoyable
5. a. freedom b. skytrain c. structure d. success
Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions.
6. Some teachers think learning _______________ is bad for students because it discourages them from
using their creativity.
a. by rote b. at once c. on basic d. with meaning
7. Fish and chips is a common _______________ food in numerous countries, mostly English- speaking
nations.
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a. ongoing b. takeaway c. deep-rooted d. old-fashioned
8. The Imperial Citadel of Thang Long is a _______________ that consists of royal palaces and
monuments.
a. complex b. structure c. setting d. measure
9. As living conditions improve, we’ve witnessed the increasing _______________ of healthy and organic
food.
a. contribution b. popularity c. dependence d. occupation
10. I wish that he _______________ to me about his living conditions.
a. will never lie b. would lie never c. would never lie d. could never lie
11. Excuse me. Do you mind _______________ the purpose of this monument to me?
a. to explain b. explain c. explaining d. to explaining
12. Jenny _______________ feel really embarrassed if she trips over and falls in front of everyone.
a. should b. can’t c. wouldn’t d. must
13. To reduce my cholesterol, I’m trying to cut _______________ fatty food.
a. down on b. out of c. off from d. over to
14. Many teens often get _______________ before big exams or presentations at school.
a. memorable b. touching c. physical d. anxious
15. This song _______________ memories of our field trip to the beach last semester.
a. hands down b. watches out c. brings back d. gets around
16. She _______________ foot in Ho Chi Minh City since she graduated from University of Economy.
a. wasn’t setting b. didn’t set c. hasn’t set d. won’t set
17. It’s not too hard to _______________ all the ingredients to make spring rolls.
a. memorize b. memory c. memorable d. memorably
18. She suggested _______________ together for safety, since the area was so dangerous.
a. to travel b. travelling c. to travelling d. travel
19. While we _______________ the maths test, the fire alarm _______________ off.
a. were doing - was going b. did - was going
c. did - went d. were doing - went
Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s)
in each of the following questions.
20. Ecotourism in the area helps preserve its rich diversity of flora and fauna.
a. custom and tradition b. past and present
b. art and crafts d. plants and animals
21. Watching the sunrise over the ocean was a truly touching experience to all of us.
a. thrilling b. moving c. embarrassing d. exhilarating
22. I often depend on meal planning to maintain a healthy diet throughout the week.
a. rely on b. believe in c. blame for d. account for
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Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s)
in each of the following questions.
23. Despite all the stress and pressure, she managed to accomplish her goal of graduating with honours.
a. achieve b. maintain c. fail d. distract
24. In ancient times, people mostly relied on handwritten scrolls for communication.
a. modern b. antique c. fresh d. stylish
25. Decorating the house for Christmas is one of our cherished traditions.
a. beliefs b. habits c. creations d. innovations
Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following
exchanges.
26. Spencer: I’m sorry I didn’t have time to show you around my village.
Becky: _______________ I booked an eco-tour, and it was amazing!
a. I don’t want to talk about it. b. That’s okay.
c. I promise. d. You’re welcome.
27. Leslie: Let’s meet at the park at 2 p.m., shall we?
Will: _______________ I didn’t quite hear you.
a. Of course I’m going. b. I don’t mind at all.
c. Do you want me to repeat it? d. I beg your pardon.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the
following questions.
28. The doctor advised me doing (A) exercises regularly and go (B) to bed as early (C) as possible (D).
29. I wish I can (A) set foot on (B) every corner of (C) Vietnam when I reach (D) 40.
30. This mountainous village has changed (A) remarkably for (B) the government built (C) new roads and
bridges (D).
Read the following passage and put each sentence in the box (A - E) in the correct place in the text.

THE BENEFITS OF MOBILE LEARNING

In recent years, mobile learning has gained popularity due to its numerous benefits. (31),
_______________ allowing learners to fit education into their busy schedules. (32) _______________, as it
provides a more interactive and personalized learning experience. (33) _______________ who may not
have access to traditional classroom settings.

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(34) _______________ By reducing the need for physical classrooms, instructors, and materials, mobile
learning can save schools and businesses a significant amount of money. Additionally, the cost of mobile
devices is continuing to decrease, making mobile learning an increasingly affordable option. (35)
_______________ as it provides a platform for communication and collaboration in real time. With
features like discussion boards, instant messaging, and group projects, mobile learning can foster a sense of
community and collaboration among learners, even when they are located in different parts of the world.
Read the following passage and mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the correct word or phrase
that best fits each of the blanks.
As I remember, (36) _______________ in the 50s and 60s, Ha Noi was not as crowded as it is today.
Bicycles and cyclos were the main means of transport and the few motorbikes that were around were
owned by rich people. It was rare to see cars or jeeps.
Meanwhile, the tram was the only method of public transport. An old tram station is now home (37)
_______________ several retail outlets that look out over the lake in Dinh Tien Hoang Street.
At that time, Hanoians always travelled by tram, not only for its (38) _______________ but also the price.
For just five cents you could travel one-way to it’s terminus in the former Ha Dong Province, which is now
part of the expanded Ha Noi.
I still remember on (39) _______________ from school, my friends and I would go to the lake to catch the
tram to Botanical Garden. The sound, clang-clang, clang-clang could be regularly heard from early in the
morning until late in the evening, come rain or (40) _______________. Time,... decades have passed, but
there is still a clang (41) _______________ in my mind from my childhood.
36. a. move b. place c. set d. back
37. a. with b. in c. to d. by
38. a. convenience b. importance c. comfort d. condition
39. a. days out b. out days c. off days d. days off
40. a. light b. rise c. shine d. brighten
41. a. somewhat b. somewhere c. somehow d. someway
Read the following passage and mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the best answer to each of the
questions.
I have been on an unforgettable field trip to Ba Vi with my class. The trip was designed to show students
the authentic life of Vietnamese villages and to support the local community. During this trip, we paid a
visit to some local families who introduced us to the daily life and traditional activities of the local villages.
The first stop was at the Ri village, where we met Mr. Duoc, who owns the tea plantation. We had a walk
around his farm and took part in the tea harvesting. Later he taught us how to roll and dry the tea leaves.
Then we visited another village and the other host Mrs. Chin, who taught US how to cook traditional meals.
After cooking we could try the meals we made for lunch at the tropical garden. After a short break, we
could have a cycling trip along the lake, rice fields, and banana plantations. On the way, we could enjoy the
surrounding scenery and talk to local people. We also saw what people did for a living and how the local
products were made.
After the cycling trip, we moved to the third host Mrs. Chinh, who is a representative of Muong people.
She took us on a boat trip along the Da river, which was the last part of the field trip.
That was the first time I travelled without my parents, and it was absolutely a memorable experience.
42. What is the purpose of the field trip?
a. To visit some families in the village and support them
b. To help students experience life in Vietnamese villages
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c. To introduce the traditional activities of the students
d. To check whether or not life of Vietnamese villages is authentic
43. What activities did the students do at the tea plantation?
a. Harvesting tea b. Owning the plantation
c. Teaching how to dry the leaves d. Walking around Mr. Duoc’s house
44. What happened to the meal the students cooked?
a. They served it to the local people.
b. They gave it back to Mrs. Chin.
c. They exchanged it for the products.
d. They enjoyed it in the garden.
45. The word “authentic” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to _______________.
a. real b. personal c. official d. dependent
46. Which of the following is NOT a part of the field trip?
a. Harvesting tea leaves with the local
b. Cooking traditional meals
c. Swimming in Da river
d. Communicating with local people
47. It can be inferred from the passage that _______________.
a. all the hosts belong to ethnic minority groups
b. the writer didn’t travel with parents in this field trip
c. the trip brought an unpleasant memory to the writer
d. the villagers mainly depend on growing rice and bananas
Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the sentence that is best written from the words/ phrases
given.
48. He/ suggested/ visit/ Moc Chau/ learn/ H’mong people.
a. He suggested visiting Moc Chau to learn about H’mong people.
b. He suggested he will visit Moc Chau and learn about H’mong people.
c. He suggested us to visit Moc Chau to learn about H’mong people.
d. He suggested that he visited Moc Chau and learned about H’mong people.
49. Martha/ clean the attic/ when/ she/ find/ old photo album.
a. Martha cleaned the attic when she found an old photo album.
b. Martha was cleaning the attic when she found an old photo album.
c. Martha cleaned the attic when she was finding an old photo album.
d. Martha was cleaning the attic when she was finding an old photo album.
50. Anna/ follow/ her teacher’s/ instructions/ she/ want/ pass/ that module.
a. Anna must follow her teacher’s instructions if she wants to pass that module.

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b. Anna will follow her teacher’s instructions unless she wants to pass that module.
c. Anna follows her teacher’s instructions if she will want to pass that module.
d. Anna can follow her teacher’s instructions unless she doesn’t want to pass that module.
51. the past/ not many people/ get/ access/ proper/ healthcare.
a. From the past, not many people were getting access for proper healthcare.
b. In the past, not many people got access to proper healthcare.
c. From the past, not many people would get access to proper healthcare.
d. In the past, not many people were gotten access for proper healthcare.
52. Turkey/ famous/ some specialities/ such/ Turkish ravioli/ Turkish coffee.
a. Turkey is famous as some specialities such as Turkish ravioli and Turkish coffee.
b. Turkey is famous at some specialities such for Turkish ravioli and Turkish coffee.
c. Turkey is famous for some specialities such as Turkish ravioli and Turkish coffee.
d. Turkey is famous about some specialities such for Turkish ravioli and Turkish coffee.
Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following
questions.
53. I have never attended such a thrilling summer camp before.
a. I used to attend a more thrilling summer camp.
b. This is the most thrilling summer camp I have ever attended.
c. The summer camp is the least thrilling I’ve attended.
d. I haven’t attended the most thrilling summer camp.
54. It’s a pity I can’t get my visa extended.
a. If I can get my visa extended, it will be a pity.
b. My only wish is that I extend my visa.
c. I wish I could get my visa extended.
d. To extend my visa is what I’m thinking of.
55. “Why do I have to conduct this research?” she asked me.
a. She asked me why she had to conduct that research.
b. She asked me why I had to conduct that research.
c. I asked her why she had to conduct this research.
d. I asked her why I had to conduct this research.
56. It’s exciting for him to go on a field trip with his friends every summer.
a. Going on a field trip with his friends every summer makes him exciting.
b. He’s not excited about going on a field trip with his friends every summer.
c. He enjoys going on a field trip with his friends every summer.
d. What he doesn’t like is going on a field trip with his friends every summer.
57. We are going to arrive at the airport early to avoid traffic congestion.

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a. Why don’t we arrive at the airport early to avoid traffic congestion?
b. Unless we arrive at the airport early, we won’t avoid traffic congestion.
c. Because we avoided traffic congestion, we arrived at the airport early.
d. We plan to arrive at the airport early to avoid traffic congestion.
UNIT 7.
NATURAL WONDERS
OF THE WORLD
A. PHONETICS
I. Say the words in brackets. Then choose the correct word to complete the sentence.
1. (slow/snow) The growth of the giant redwood trees is ___________ but majestic.
2. (slacks / snacks) Should we buy some ___________ and drinks for the field trip?
3. (slip / snip) Tourists try not to ___________ on the wet ground near the waterfall.
4. (slapped / snapped) He ___________ me on the back and said ‘Nice to see you again.’
5. (sleeked / sneaked) I ___________ up the stairs, trying not to wake my parents.
6. (sloop / snoop) I think someone had a ___________ around my office - I didn’t leave
that drawer open.
7. (slide / snide) The kids took turns on the ___________ at the playground.
8. (slippers / snippers) She was wearing a lime green dress and blue ___________.
9. (slicker / snicker) I had to supress a ___________ when he stumbled on the steps.
10. (sleaze / sneeze) My friends all said “Bless you” after my unexpected ___________.
II. Read the sentences aloud. Then underline the words that have the sounds /sl/ and /sn/.
1. The snowstorm has made the roads extremely slippery.
2. The snake made no sound as it slithered through the leaves.
3. For dessert, we enjoyed some slices of cake and Snickers bars.
4. Amy bought a pair of sneakers with a catchy slogan printed on the side.
5. The cat looked sleepy and started to snore softly as it dozed off.
6. We visited the zoo and saw a sloth snooze peacefully in the tree.
7. The children are observing a snail moving slowly across the garden path.
8. A girl on a sledge is moving down a snow slope at a uniform speed.
B. VOCABULARY and GRAMMAR
I. Match the verb or phrasal verb with its definition.
1. sustainable a. happening or done once every year
2. paradise b. very important and needing attention immediately
3. ecosystem c. to have or own something
4. diversity d. impressive because of size or beauty

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 5. annual e. the pointed top of a mountain
6. urgent f. able to continue over a period of time
7. majestic g. to allow something; to make something possible
8. possess h. a place that is extremely beautiful and that seems perfect
9. peak i. a range of many people or things that are very different from each other
10. permit j. all the living things in an area and the way they affect each other and the
environment
Your answers:
1. ___ 2. ___ 3. ___ 4. ___ 5. ___ 6. ___ 7. ___ 8. ___ 9. ___ 10. ___
II. Complete the sentences with the words in part I.
1. Tourists can ride the camel and enjoy the ______________ view of the Sahara Desert.
2. Mount K2 is best known as the most dangerous mountain ______________ in the world.
3. The snowfall in winter and the lush greenery in summer make Kashmir a(n) ______________ for nature
lovers and photographers.
4. The national park have rules to ______________ visitors to camp in designated campsites.
5. The project aims to promote the management, conservation and ______________ development of all
types of forests.
6. The Great Barrier Reef is a vital ______________, providing food and shelter for countless species.
7. The park trails are closed to protect the falcons during their ______________ nesting period.
8. Maintaining a wide ______________ of species in each ecosystem is very necessary.
9. The coastal countries of Southeast Asia ______________ beautiful beaches with dreamy islands.
10. UNESCO has a list of endangered World Heritage sites that require ____________ conservation
efforts.
III. Underline the correct answer.
1. Australian scientists announced the discover/ discovery of a new giant canyon on the seabed in the
Antarctic region.
2. On the mountain peak, you can admire/ admiration the breathtaking view below.
3. The ranger had no hesitate/hesitation in refusing the hikers’ request to enter the forest.
4. With a full day exploring/ exploration, visitors can immerse themselves in the park’s diverse ecosystem.
5. No one may land in a nature reserve using an aircraft without the permit/permission from the local
authority.
6. They have made significant contributions to species conserving/conservation for years.
7. Sustainable tourism helps preserve/preservation biodiversity for future generations.
8. The destroy/destruction of natural wonders caused by human activities is very concerning.
9. Visitors are forbidden to collect any living or dead coral samples for personal possess/ possession.
10. Angel Falls are located/ location in Canaima National Park in Venezuela.
IV. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets.

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1. Mount Everest is one of the most ______________ of the 7 world wonders. (impress)
2. Human should conserve biological ______________ because of its benefit. (diverse)
3. Life in the countryside puts you closer to ______________ and away from the hustle and bustle of the
city. (natural)
4. The park aims to help ______________ otters and other endangered animals. (conservation)
5. Opencast coal mining is among the most environmentally ______________ activities. (destroy)
6. Too much customer ______________ could bring the project to a halt. (hesitate)
7. Paricutin Volcano, a cinder cone volcano in Mexico, last ______________ in 1952. (eruption)
8. Climbing Mount Everest will be one of your most ______________ experiences. (wonder)
9. Rich countries must ______________ develop a plan to assist countries suffering the ravages of extreme
weather. (urgency)
10. Chichester is a ______________ town with plenty to fill a weekend break. (charm)
V. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
1. Mr. Connor is attending a seminar on world natural heritages and sustainable ______________.
a. discovery b. diversity c. development d. exploration
2. South America has glaciers, waterfalls, and diverse ______________ from desert to jungle.
a. paradises b. ecosystems c. monuments d. landscapes
3. If you’re a nature lover, ______________ exploring the caves in Quang Binh Provine.
a. support b. consider c. hesitate d. mention
4. The best sightings of the northern lights often ______________ between 11pm and midnight.
a. locate b. occur c. measure d. host
5. One interesting ______________ of the Great Barrier Reef is that it’s bigger than the UK, Switzerland
and Holland combined.
a. feature b. risk c. access d. threat
6. The locals strongly ______________ the project to protect the ecosystems in the Amazon Rainforest.
a. destroyed b. forbade c. found d. supported
7. Tourists couldn’t ______________ admiring the magnificent view of the Victoria Falls.
a. think b. encourage c. help d. permit
8. The waters surrounding Komodo island contain rich marine ______________.
a. biodiversity b. destination c. wonder d. landscape
9. Grand Canyon South Rim offers easy ______________ to the most beautiful viewpoints of the area.
a. permission b. access c. location d. possession
10. The trip to explore Son Doong Cave is very ______________. It needs a lot of equipment and thorough
preparation.
a. urgent b. charming c. risky d. threatened
11. The Amazon is home to a variety of ______________ such as the Brazil Nut Tree, the Giant Water
Lily, or the Kapok Tree.

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a. flora b. ecosystem c. fauna d. biodiversity
12. A ______________ is characterized by high rainfall, high humidity’ and a rich diversity of plant and
animal life.
a. desert b. canyon c. freshwater d. rainforest
13. Kiwi birds and Hector’s dolphins are some of the most signature ___________ of New Zealand.
a. destination b. fauna c. flora d. plant
VI. Write these sentences with reported speech.
1. “Will the government pass the law on banning deforestation?” they asked.
______________________________________________________________________________________
2. “Do you want to experience camping overnight inside a cave?” she asked me.
______________________________________________________________________________________
3. “Are you excited about your trip to Iguazu Falls next week?” he wanted to know.
______________________________________________________________________________________
4. “Is the weather good in Shanghai in the summer?” Jane asked me.
______________________________________________________________________________________
5. “Is Anna going to observe the northern lights in Norway this winter?” he asked me.
______________________________________________________________________________________
6. “Can we go snorkelling in the Great Barrier Reef tomorrow?” they asked their mom.
______________________________________________________________________________________
7. “Are the students giving a presentation on the seven natural wonders now?” I wondered.
______________________________________________________________________________________
8. “Will you come back here next year to see the humpback whales?” the tour guide asked us.
______________________________________________________________________________________
9. “May I use your pictures of the Victoria Falls for my project?” Harry asked me.
______________________________________________________________________________________
10. “Is Paricutin Volcano located in Michoacan, Mexico? ” Anna wanted to know.
______________________________________________________________________________________
VII. Change the following sentences Into reported speech.
1. “Where are you going for your summer holiday?”
→ Jimmy asked
2. “The hiking trip today allows you to observe some signature birds of the park.”
→ The tour guide told the hikers that
3. “When can I register for the scuba diving tour?”
→ Brian asked the tour operator
4. “Is it possible that the Grand Canyon may have formed 5 to 6 million years ago?”
→ Joana wondered

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5. “I hope I can climb Mount Kilimanjaro with other explorers next year.”
→ Annie said that
6. “Do you know that Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world?”
→ My sister asked me
7. “What activities can we do at Giang Dien Waterfall next week?”
→ The students wanted to know
8. “These tourists might not follow the trails and get lost yesterday.”
→ The police explained that
9. “Does the Pink Beach on Komodo Island offer snorkelling and diving spots?”
→ She wondered
10. “Who is responsible for the damage of the ancient tree in front of the village?”
→ One tourist asked
11. “Will ecotourism help preserve the fauna and flora in the Amazon Rainforest?”
→ The locals wanted to know
12. “If you take steps to reduce pollution, you will help preserve the Great Barrier Reef.”
→ A friend told me that
13. “How do visitors usually travel to Phu Quy Island?”
→ Wendy asked me
14. “Is it your first time kayaking and enjoying the beauty of Ha Long Bay?”
→ The tour guide asked her
15. “This speaker is presenting the negative effects of global warming right now.”
→ Andy said that
VIII. Complete the sentences with correct tense of verbs.
1. My friend asked me what I ________________ (can) do to keep the campsite clean.
2. Mandy asked me if the boys ________________ (read) the book at present.
3. The teacher told us that we ________________ (travel) to the Mekong River the following month.
4. They say that they ________________ (never/ be) to Scotland before.
5. Jason and Victoria told me they _____________ (work) on a project on environmental protection then.
6. I wondered why Nick ________________ (go) to Ba Vi National Park every summer.
7. John wondered whether he ________________ (may) be able to cycle in the Dolomites.
8. She asked me if everyone ________________ (must) ask for permission before entering Son Doong
Cave.
9. My mom said she ________________ (be) going to visit a friend of hers in London.
10. Shannon said that she ________________ (need) to train every day for her trekking trip.
11. The guests wanted to know what time the jeep tour ______________ (start) and _______________
(finish).

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12. They all wondered what they ________________ (have) to do to restore damaged ecosystems.
IX. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d.
1. Her children ________________ whether they would pay a visit to Thien Duong Cave that week.
a. said b. asked her c. tell her d. questions
2. The hikers wondered if the entrance to the cave ________________ at the moment.
a. blocked b. was blocked c. was blocking d. would be blocked
3. Amy asked the tour guide ________________ the best time to see the humpback whale was.
a. where b. how c. when d. why
4. The students said that they ________________ to go on a field trip after the final exam.
a. wanted b. want c. would want d. could want
5. They told me they ________________ some of New Zealand’s rarest flora and fauna at Milford Sound.
a. will see b. are going to see
c. have seen d. might see
6. Kevin wanted to know ________________ the largest island of Korea.
a. whether Jeju Island was b. was Jeju Island
c. if Jeju Island is d. if it is Jeju Island
7. We wondered whether we would experience heavy rainfall in the forest ________________.
a. the next week b. the week after that
c. the upcoming week d. the following week
8. Mrs. Molly asked us ________________ doing during the camp that summer.
a. whether we enjoyed b. what we enjoyed
c. did we enjoy d. that we enjoyed
9. “Are Iguazu Falls shared by two countries Argentina and Brazil?” asked Jade.
a. Jade asked two countries Argentina and Brazil shared Iguazu Falls.
b. Jade wondered what Iguazu Falls were shared by two countries Argentina and Brazil.
c. Jade asked whether Iguazu Falls were shared by two countries Argentina and Brazil.
d. Jade wondered which two countries shared Iguazu Falls, Argentina and Brazil.
10. They said that they were going to see the baobab trees in Madagascar that weekend.
a. “We are going to see the baobab trees in Madagascar this weekend,” said they.
b. They said, “They were going to see the baobao trees in Madagascar that weekend.”
c. “They were going to see the baobad trees in Madagascar this weekend,” we said.
d. We said, “We are going to see the baobao trees in Madagascar that weekend.”
X. Fill in each blank with a suitable preposition.
1. That explorer is crazy ________________ visiting all the natural wonders in the world.
2. The Great Barrier Reef is now facing the risk ________________ damage from intense cyclones.
3. Victoria Falls are located on the border ________________ Zambia and Zimbabwe.
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4. Having amazing landscapes, Kashmir is often called “Paradise ________________ Earth”.
5. Bryan is very interested ________________ learning about how caves were formed.
6. At 3,143 meters ________________ sea level, Fansipan is proclaimed the roof of the Indochina
peninsula.
7. The students are deciding ________________ what their top three natural wonders will be.
8. Ba Den Mountain is located ________________ the northeast of Tay Ninh Province.
9. The Namib Sand Sea, located ________________ the coast of Namibia, is the only coastal desert in the
world.
10. With around 45,000 million tons of salt, the Dead Sea is famous for being rich ______________
healing minerals.
c. SPEAKING
I. Choose the best answer to complete the conversations.
1. A: Can I borrow your book on the Galapagos Islands?
B: ________________________________
a. Certainly. You can’t. b. Yes. Why don’t you?
c. Never. I forget. d. Sure. Here you are.
2. A: ________________________________
B: Sure. The more the merrier.
a. May I bring a friend of mine to your party?
b. Can you tell me some close friends of yours?
c. Do we have to go to your party?
d. How do you feel about your party?
3. A: Would it be okay if we went to the park instead of the pool?
B: ________________________________
a. I don’t think you can do it. b. I don’t understand you.
c. That sounds like a good idea! d. Thanks a lot for that.
4. A: Can visitors enter the cave during rainy season?
B: ________________________________ It’s very dangerous during that time.
a. Why not? Let’s go. b. No, sorry you can’t.
c. Sure. Hurry up. d. No problem.
5. A: ________________________________
B: Sure, I don’t mind at all.
a. You’re always welcome to bring dogs here.
b. Could you show me how to carry your dog?
c. I’m really sorry about your dog.
d. Can I bring my dog over to your place?
II. Write questions for the underlined parts to complete the conversation.
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Andy: Hi, Lan. (1)
Lan: Hello. I am looking for ideas for the next discussion in speaking class.
Andy: (2)
Lan: The topic is Natural wonders of the world: How to protect and preserve?
Andy: Wow, interesting! (3)
Lan: There are a lot of natural wonders in the world.
Andy: (4)
Lan: Yes, I know what causes harm to those wonders. It’s mass tourism.
Andy: (5)
Lan: Mass tourism causes harm to natural wonders because not many tourists are aware of protecting
our precious nature.
Andy: (6)
Lan: The local authorities should be responsible for educating the tourists.
Andy: I think you’ll do well in your discussion.
Lan: Thanks a lot, Andy.
d. READING
I. Complete the passage with words from the box.
unknown twice wonders regarded
formations attempt capacity measurements
With (1) _________________ of over 200 meters (656 feet) wide and 150 meters (492 feet) high as well as
a length of 9 kilometers (5.6 miles), Son Doong Cave is the largest cave in the world. Before 2009,
Malaysia’s Deer Cave was (2) _________________ as the largest cave in the world until a group of
scientists from the British Cave Research Association explored and studied the Son Doong Cave finding it
was in fact over (3) _________________ the size of Deer Cave.
Named by BBC News, the “most beautiful cave on the globe” makes this one of the great natural (4)
_________________ of Asia. It is a mountain river cave featuring a fast flowing subterranean river. Son
Doong Cave is mostly comprised of limestone that has over time shaped into some of the tallest stalagmite
(5) _________________ in the world. Within Son Doong Cave visitors will find it is so big that it contains
its own jungle and river and has the (6) _________________ to be able to fit a 40-story skyscraper inside.
The source of the river still remains (7) _________________ to this day with future plans of the British
Cave Research Association to return soon and (8) _________________ to solve the many mysteries this
cave holds.
II. Read the text carefully, then choose the correct answers.
After only 50 minute flying from Ho Chi Minh City, you will set foot on the tropical paradise of Vietnam
and the world: Phu Quoc Island.
The island has a roughly triangular shape with a north-south length of 50km and a west-east width of 25km.
A great part of the terrain is filled with beautiful sandy beaches, but there is a mountainous region with 99
peaks, among which the Peak of Chua Mountain is the tallest one at 603 meters. Due to Phu Quoc’s
location in the Gulf of Thailand, its climate is sub-equatorial with a temperate weather all year round,
making trips to Phu Quoc possible any time in the year. However, the best time to travel to this island is
during the dry season, from November until March, when the sky is blue and clear and the rains are away.

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Phu Quoc is most famous for its cuisines and a natural wonderful coastline. The most famous food of Phu
Quoc is fish sauce, which has become quite popular all over Vietnam and the world. Besides, another thing
worth trying there is the spicy yet interesting black pepper. However, the factor that will
definitely intrigue you to visit Phu Quoc is its untouched coastline featuring several heavenly beaches.
They have yet to be explored to their full ability, but this fact might be actually positive as it gives the
shores a romantic beauty that you can find in nowhere else in the world.
1. What is Phu Quoc Island regarded as?
a. Pearl of the Orient b. Tropical Paradise
c. City of Eternal Spring d. Lanterns Paradise
2. According to the passage, Phu Quoc Island _________________.
a. has both beaches and mountains
b. doesn’t have many tourist attractions
c. has the tallest mountain in Vietnam
d. doesn’t have rains all the year round
3. Tourists can visit Phu Quoc anytime in the year thanks to _________________.
a. its location by the sea b. its friendly local people
c. its temperate climate d. its dry season
4. What are Phu Quoc’s specialities?
a. red pepper and fish sauce b. black pepper and dried fish
c. red pepper and soya sauce d. spicy black pepper and fish sauce
5. The word “intrigue” has the closest meaning to _________________.
a. attract b. promote c. inspire d. pay attention to
6. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
a. Phu Quoc Island is located in the Gulf of Thailand.
b. The beaches in Phu Quoc Island have been explored to their full potentials.
c. Phu Quoc’s dry season begins from November and lasts through March.
d. The island is roughly triangular in shape.
e. WRITING
I. Write sentences, using the clues given.
1. The Grand Canyon/ be/ majestic wonder/ carved/ the Colorado River/ the US.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
2. They/ said/ they/ climb/ the mountain peak/ to watch/ sunrise/ the morning after.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
3. what/ be/ the things/ we/ should/ not miss/ once/ we/ come/ Hue City?
______________________________________________________________________________________

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______________________________________________________________________________________
4. I/ suggest/ travel/ motorbike/ as/ you/ can/ see/ lot/ beautiful scenery/ along/ street
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
5. Crater Lake/ stand/ as/ one/ most iconic/ natural wonders/ the United States.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
6. The tour guide/ explained/ Niagara Falls/ harbor/ wide diversity/ wildlife/ its surrounding habitats.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
7. it/ be/ claim/ that/ Ma Pi Leng/ be/ one/ most/ dangerous/ pass/ Vietnam
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
8. locate/ Ninh Binh,/ Trang An Lanndscape Complex/ know/ its scenic landscape/ boat cave tours
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
9. there/ be/ growing/ recognition/ the ethnic groups/ Central Highlands/ need/ more/ support
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
10. her teacher/ suggest/ she/ study/ harder/ so/ she/ can/ get into/ good university
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
II. Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first sentence.
1. He is carrying out a research on people’s awareness of protecting natural wonders.
→ A research
2. Although Yosemite National Park is open all year, some areas are inaccessible by car.
→ Despite
3. “You will be fined if you litter while walking along the coast”, the guard said to US.
→ The guard told
4. I haven’t gone hiking since my trip to Ta Cu Mountain.
→ The last time
5. “Will a camping trip at the end of this semester help students relieve stress?”
→ The teacher wondered
6. UNESCO listed Sognefjord in Norway as a World Heritage Site in 2005.
→ Sognefjord in Norway
7. You can’t hunt in this national park if you don’t get permission from the authorities.
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→ Unless
8. “Can I go scuba diving when I visit the Great Barrier Reef?” Quang said.
→ Quang wanted to know
9. No peak in Europe is as high as Mount Elbrus.
→ Mount Elbrus
10. Shall we use Ban Gioc Waterfall as a theme of the presentation?
→ She suggests

TEST FOR UNIT 7

I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
1. a. paradise b. destination c. risk d. majestic
2. a. geological b. imagine c. agency d. together
3. a. wonder b. complex c. backdrop d. proper
4. a. historic b. picturesque c. enter d. sentence
5. a. measure b. sustainable c. structure d. support
II. Choose the word that has the main stress placed differently from the others.
1. a. particular b. spectacular c. remarkable d. picturesque
2. a. structure b. commune c. cavern d. cement
3. a. museum b. monument c. cathedral d. contestant
4. a. contest b. courage c. diverse d. setting
5. a. religious b. situate c. calendar d. literature
III. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
1. The limestone formation of Thien Duong Cave is more ________________ than that of Phong Nha
Cave.
a. spectacular b. probable c. biological d. annual
2. Did the film crew have to ask for ________________ to film inside the national park?
a. admiration b. exploration c. permission d. possession
3. The ________________ peak of the extinct Volcano Chachani can be pictured from space.
a. snow-covering b. covered snow c. covering snow d. snow-covered
4. The island is a popular place ________________ kayaking due to its abundant wildlife and scenic views.
a. at b. for c. with d. in
5. Visitors to Grand Canyon National Park can hike, raft, or take a helicopter tour to _____________ the
park’s stunning landscape.
a. discover b. locate c. consider d. explore

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6. Victoria Falls ________________ over 5,600 feet and drop up to 354 feet into the Zamberi River gorge
below.
a. threat b. reach c. stretch d. mention
7. Jade wondered ________________ the Harbor of Rio de Janeiro was one of the natural wonders.
a. whether b. where c. what d. when
8. The explorers said that they would explore the Gobi Desert ________________.
a. next year b. the following year
c. last year d. the year before
9. They asked me ________________ rare wildlife when they visited Zhangjiajie National Forest Park.
a. whether to encounter b. whether they can encounter
c. if they encounter d. if they could encounter
10. - James: Can we visit Son Doong Cave without booking a tour?
- Tour operator: ________________. It’s compulsory to book a tour in advance.
a. Sorry, you can’t b. Of course c. No problem d. No, thank you
IV. Write the correct form or tense of the verbs in brackets.
1. Too many office buildings __________________ (build) in the city over the last ten years.
2. The Caspian Sea __________________ (stretch) across the heart of Eurasia, bordered by five countries.
3. I suggested to Mike that we __________________ (go) out for a meal with his colleagues.
4. Mary wishes she __________________ (take) part in the festival at Perfume Pagoda.
5. At the moment the students __________________ (discuss) ways to preserve natural wonders.
6. In 1990, a local man first __________________ (discover) the entrance to Son Doong Cave.
7. He said he __________________ (see) my family the following day.
8. If humans continue to damage the environment, some wonders __________________ (disappear) in the
future.
9. At 6 o’clock this morning, we __________________ (travel) to the airport.
10. Imagine yourself __________________ (sit) in the pine forest, listening to the sound of the nature.
V. Write the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. Marine heat waves _________________ many coral reefs and the unique ecosystem they support.
(threat)
2. This exhibition on natural wonders of Asia is held __________________. (annual)
3. Everyone agreed that it would be too ______________ to cross the Sahara Desert in the summer. (risk)
4. During this Nile River cruise, we can sail through ancient sites and __________________ villages.
(charm)
5. She has great __________________ for him and his work as an environmentalist. (admire)
6. The snow-capped summit, 2,642 meters high, offers __________________ views. (amaze)
7. The group of hikers include some famous __________________ and zoologists. (explore)

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8. By promoting __________________ tourism, Japan hopes that Mount Fuji will remain a natural wonder
for future generations. (sustain)
9. Oxford attracts large numbers of __________________. (sightsee)
10. A mountain in the Rockies became the __________________ for a film about Everest. (locate)
VI. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the
following sentences.
1. Without the slighest hesitate (A), the villagers agreed on (B) stopping (C) hunting (D) wild animals.
2. The (A) Caspian Sea is the world’s large (B) inland body of water, offering (C) a diverse range
of climates (D) throughout the year.
3. Africa is rich on (A) biodiversity, including (B) iconic species like (C) elephants, lions, and (D) giraffes.
4. Miley wanted to know (A) whether (B) Fish River Canyon is located (C) in the heart (D) of Namibia.
5. I couldn’t help (A) admire (B) the scenic beauty (C) of the coastlines along (D) Australia.
6. Po Nagar Kalan is (A) the main tower, that (B) is one of the tallest (C) Cham structures (D).
7. Mount Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest peak (A), is famous for (B) its snow-cover (C) summit
and diverse (D) ecosystems.
8. Sometimes our efforts on (A) protecting natural (B) wonders of the city aren’t (C) full (D) appreciated.
9. I’d (A) prefer leave (B) early because I have (C) a conference with my son’s (D) teacher tomorrow at
three thirty.
10. He said to (A) me that he was (B) going to explore (C) Africa and see the giraffes this (D) summer.
VII. Complete the conversation with the sentences from the box (A - G).

John: (1)
_____________________________________________________________________________
Nam: No, I haven’t. What is that?

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John: (2)
_____________________________________________________________________________
Nam: Wow. It sounds like magical lights. Where can we see this?
John: (3)
_____________________________________________________________________________
Nam: How are these lights formed?
John: (4)
_____________________________________________________________________________
Nam: Unbelievable! When is the best time to see the Northern Lights?
John: (5)
_____________________________________________________________________________
Nam: Nice. Do we have to go to somewhere high to see the light show?
John: (6)
_____________________________________________________________________________
Nam: I really want to see it for once. It must be majestic with brilliant colors.
John: (7)
_____________________________________________________________________________
Nam: Surely there are many magnificent things in the world we haven’t seen yet.
VIII. Choose the correct answers to complete the passage.
Ha Long Bay is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and popular travel (1) _______________ in Quang Ninh
Province, Vietnam. The bay features thousands of limestone karsts and isles in (2) _______________
shapes and sizes. Ha Long Bay is a center of a larger zone which (3) _______________ Bai Tu Long Bay
to the northeast, and Cat Ba Island to the southwest.
Ha Long Bay has an area of around 1,553km2, including 1,960 - 2,000 islets, most of (4) _______________
are limestone. The core of the bay has an area of 334km2 with a high density of 775 islets. The limestone in
this bay has gone through 500 million years of (5) _______________ in different conditions and
environments. The evolution of the karst in this bay has taken 20 million years (6) _______________ the
impact of the tropical wet climate. The geo-diversity of the environment in the area has created (7)
_______________, including a tropical evergreen biosystem, oceanic and sea shore biosystem. Ha Long
Bay is (8) _______________ to 14 endemic floral species and 60 endemic faunal species.
1. a. situation b. destination c. direction d. ground
2. a. various b. complex c. exciting d. original
3. a. offers b. includes c. consists d. covers
4. a. them b. those c. which d. whom
5. a. formation b. foundation c. establishment d. contribution
6. a. in b. of c. for d. under
7. a. biochemical b. biodiversity c. bioconversion d. biodefence
8. a. way b. place c. home d. house
IX. Read the text carefully, then do the tasks.

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Victoria Falls, situated on the Zambezi River between Zambia and Zimbabwe, is a breathtaking natural
wonder that captivates with its awe-inspiring beauty. The falls boast a stunning curtain of cascading water
that plummets into a deep gorge, creating a spectacular display of mist and rainbows.
Victoria Falls is recognized as one of the 7 Natural Wonders of the World for its extraordinary natural
beauty, geological significance, and cultural importance. The falls hold cultural significance for local
communities, including the indigenous Tonga people. It is known as “Mosi-oa-Tunya,” meaning “The
Smoke that Thunders,” reflecting the powerful impact and the mist created by the falls.
Discovered by the explorer David Livingstone in 1855, Victoria Falls is one of the largest and most
powerful waterfalls globally, spanning over 1,700 meters in width and reaching heights of up to 108
meters. The surrounding lush rainforest provides a vibrant backdrop to the roaring waters, offering a
unique ecosystem filled with diverse flora and fauna.
Visitors can experience the falls from various viewpoints, each unveiling a different facet of its grandeur.
Victoria Falls is not merely a geographical marvel; it is a testament to the raw power and beauty of nature,
drawing admirers from around the world to witness its majestic splendor.
A. Decide whether the following sentences are true (T) or false (F).
1. Victoria Falls stands on the border between two countries.
2. The water falling into a deep valley creates a display of mist and rainbows.
3. Victoria Falls is a wonder that was made by human activities.
4. The falls were discovered by the indigenous Tonga people.
5. The ecosystem around Victoria Falls is not very diverse.
6. Victoria Falls is the proof of the power and beauty of nature.
B. Choose the correct answer.
1. To the Tonga people, Victoria Falls _______________.
a. reflects the power of the people
b. affects their local communities
c. is known under another name
d. creates mist and thunder
2. What can be found around Victoria Falls?
a. Roaring waters b. Lush rainforest
c. The explorers d. Many viewpoints
3. The word “vibrant” in paragraph 3 means _______________.
a. passive b. popular c. touching d. lively
X. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word
in capitals.
1. “Is Angel Falls one of the seven natural wonders of the world?” (WHETHER)
→ Sara wondered
2. It’s pity she doesn’t share memories of her trip with me. (WISH)
→ I
3. The last time Mr. Brown went on a hiking trip was five years ago. (FOR)
→ Mr. Brown
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4. Shall we surf the net for the location of Ninh Binh Province? (SUGGEST)
→ I
5. As the explorers went deeper into the forest, they discovered a more diverse ecosystem. (THE)
→ The
6. “Will you choose Grand Canyon as your topic for the speaking club next week?” (IF)
→ The teacher asked me
7. “When are you going to submit your research paper?” my teacher asked me. (WAS)
→ My teacher
8. When you come inside you should remove your coat and hat. (TAKE)
→ When
9. How long is the Amazon River? (LENGTH)
→ What
10. I’m deeply interested in exploring natural wonders in Vietnam. (CRAZY)
→ I
XI. Write a passage about a natural wonder of Vietnam that you are most interested in. Use the
following questions as clues.
✱ What is the natural wonder you like?
✱ Where is it?
✱ What are the natural features of that wonder?
✱ What activities can you do around that wonder?
✱ Why do you find it interesting?
✱ What can we do to protect and preserve that wonder?
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
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______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
UNIT 8.
TOURISM
A. PHONETICS
I. Mark the stressed syllable of the words below. Then practice saying them aloud.
1. ambitious 2. basic 3. domestic 4. hilarious
5. various 6. historic 7. delicious 8. romantic
9. classic 10. curious 11. public 12. religious
13. Pacific 14. terrific 15. serious 16. luxurious
17. majestic 18. anxious 19. ethnic 20. obvious
II. Mark the stressed syllable of the words in the box, then complete the sentences. Say the sentences
aloud.
precious plastic domestic curious luxurious cautious
artistic aquatic historic religious majestic envious
1. The government is trying to limitwaste in tourism activities.
2. We went to the aquarium and saw some very rareanimals.
3. The enormous castle overlooks a deep valley, offering aview.
4. Although Martha loves painting, she lackstalent to become a painter.
5. The fund is used for the restoration of somebuildings from the 18th century.
6. The national museum displays the country’sartefacts and artworks.
7. He enjoys travelling because he is alwaysabout different cultures.
8. Everyone isof Emily. She travels to a different country every 2 months.
9. You need to get to theairport to catch the flight from Ho Chi Minh City to Da Nang.
10. Tourists should bewhen sightseeing in Europe. There are lots of pickpockets.
11. The Jacksons stayed at a5-star resort in Bali last summer.
12. She went to the church every Sunday to receiveeducation.
B. VOCABULARY and GRAMMAR
I. Match the verb or phrasal verb with its definition.
1. holidaymaker a. involving more than one country
2. package holiday b. a detailed plan or route of a journey

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 3. self-guided tour c. a trip to see and photograph wild animals in their natural environment
4. trip itinerary d. a person who is visiting a place on holiday
5. travel agency e. a tour where you explore the destination on your own, following a fixed
route and instructions
6. homestay f. a holiday organized by a travel company at a fixed price and that includes
the cost of travel, hotels, etc.
7. safari g. the time of year when a hotel or tourist area receives fewest visitors
8. domestic h. a company that makes travel arrangements for people
9. international i. accommodation for tourists in the home of a family
10. low season j. of or inside a particular country
Your answers:
1. ___ 2. ___ 3. ___ 4. ___ 5. ___ 6. ___ 7. ___ 8. ___ 9. ___ 10. ___
II. Complete the sentences with the phrases in part I. Use the plural form if necessary.
1. Our trip was cancelled due to the storm, so we contacted the __________________ to ask for a refund.
2. The __________________ airport is bigger as it has customs and border control facilities.
3. We stayed in a __________________ of the Muong people and ate their home-cooked meals.
4. During public holidays, Vung Tau is full of __________________ coming from Ho Chi Minh City.
5. Hotels and resorts are cheap in __________________ as there aren’t too many guests.
6. We have a __________________ to Bali, which includes airfare, hotel, and guided tours.
7. Are there any __________________ flights from Phu Quoc to Da Lat?
8. If you don’t like travelling with a tour guide, you can choose a __________________.
9. For my vacation, I’d like to go on __________________ in Kenya to see the giraffes.
10. Linh made a detailed __________________ of places he'll visit in Europe to apply for a visa.
III. Complete the sentences with the words from the box.
ruinous ideal breathtaking unique fixed
online world-famous natural smooth flexible
1. The fishing village is set amongst the most __________________ scenery, with mountains on one side
and the sea on the other side.
2. __________________ flights allow for changes or cancellations after the purchase has been made.
3. Nowadays you can book your plane ticket and hotel via __________________ applications.
4. For a __________________ and carefree trip, tourists can buy a package tour.
5. I enjoyed spending time exploring the __________________ site of Angkor Wat last summer.
6. French cuisine is __________________, and many of its dishes are included in restaurants globally.
7. Only 30km from the city centre, the cave is a(n) __________________ destination for nature lovers who
are short of time.
8. Madagascar is home to many __________________ species of plants and animals that can be found
nowhere else on earth.
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9. Tourists should respect Wild animals and the __________________ environment, which is their home.
10. The tour package offers a __________________ itinerary and price, which is pretty budget-friendly.
IV. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
1. Thailand promotes __________________ tourism by holding festivals to showcase the authentic Thai
dishes to foreign tourists.
a. sports b. shopping c. food d. culture
2. When spending a week in Berlin, you can __________________ the city itself and its surroundings.
a. explore b. travel c. visit d. guide
3. Homestays are popular with solo __________________ who want to experience the local lifestyle.
a. shoppers b. agents c. hunters d. travellers
4. Son Doong Cave is one of the most fascinating __________________ that can be experienced in
Southeast Asia.
a. journeys b. expeditions c. destinations d. explorations
5. Nick has fust returned from his holiday looking relaxed and __________________.
a. cool b. worried c. tanned d. exhausted
6. Ha Long Bay has twice been __________________ by UNESCO as a World Natural Heritage Site.
a. experienced b. recognized c discovered d. developed
7. Our __________________ showed us around the old town and regaled us with historical stories.
a. travel agent b. holidaymaker c. sightseer d. tour guide
8. Emily often __________________ for cheap plane tickets two to six months prior to her trip.
a. rent b. wander c. hunt d. work
9. Spending the holidays at a campsite m the forest isn't very __________________ to me.
a. appealing b. breathtaking c. smooth d. detailed
10. Traveling in Kuala Lumpur is very convenient, and the __________________ of transportation is
cheap.
a. offer b. cost c. ticket d. season
11. We __________________ how much our trip would cost, then we saved money for the trip.
a. got b. thought c. suspected d. estimated
12. The seaside resort always get overcrowded in __________________ season.
a. low b. peak c. off d. hard
V. Underline the correct form.
1. Son Doong contains some of the tallest known stalagmites in the world, which / who are up to 70 metres
tall.
2. Who is the friend with whom / which you love to travel to different places?
3. The tour guide whose / who showed us around the village is the village chief’s son.
4. The British are famous for the amount of fast food whom / which they eat every day.
5. When I was in Japan, I stayed in a hotel whose / which walls are made of paper.

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6. Where did you put the plane ticket which / who I gave you on Monday?
7. Phuket is an ideal destination for serious divers who / whose enthusiastically submerge themselves in the
Adaman Sea.
8. My pen pal, which / whose hometown is in Rome, will visit me this summer holiday.
9. You should find someone whose / who you can rely on to take care of your cat when you’re away.
10. For people which / who enjoy driving, a scenic drive along the Great Ocean Road can’t be missed.
VI. Fill in the blank with who, whom, which or whose.
1. Italy has planned to heavily charge tourists __________________ damage cultural sites.
2. He wore a mask __________________ made him look like Mickey Mouse.
3. The student __________________ father is a professor told us to register for this course.
4. I didn’t know exactly __________________ I was working with on the project.
5. Enter the address of the person to __________________ you want to forward the message.
6. The children, __________________ are shouting in the street, are not from our school.
7. The neighborhood __________________ we visited yesterday is a somewhat dangerous area.
8. Amanda introduces me to this restaurant __________________ food and service are excellent.
9. Batu Caves have a rich history __________________ has made it one of the tourist hotspots in Malaysia.
10. The incident was caught on camera by a tourist __________________ was filming at the time.
11. Brussels, __________________ I’ve visited several times recently, is a good place to spend a weekend.
12. 7-Eleven is a convenience store chains __________________ tores can be found all over Bangkok.
VII. Match a clause in A with a clause In B to make a complete sentence.
A B
1. If you arrive in Paris at midnight, take the a. which are sold at affordable price at the park
Noctilien night bus, entrance.
2. The area offers a variety of restaurants b. whose dishes are highly praised by food
critics.
3. Could you recommend a tour guide c. who called yesterday want to book a package
holiday to the Swiss Alps.
4. Tourists can’t miss the Louvre Museum d. which runs from midnight to 4.30am.
5. The agent called the Jacksons, e. which serve everything from Asian to
European dishes.
6. You can buy essential items for the trail f. whom they rescued last week.
7. Are there any transport services g. whose collection is a must-see.
8. We’re eating at a French restaurant h. which run from Changi airport?
9. The rangers received many presents from the i. who he made a fixed itinerary for.
victims
10. The Japanese customers j. who has knowledge about Bora Bora island?
Your answers:

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 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
VIII. Combine each pair of sentences, using a suitable relative pronoun which, who, whom or whose.
1. Lucas spent several years studying in Rome. Its culture and architecture are brilliant.
→ Lucas
2. They have booked a package tour. It includes everything and even a private tour guide.
→ They
3. The tour offers various activities with the locals. They are very hospitable.
→ The tour
4. Are you still in contact with those friends? You shared the same dormitory with them.
→ Are you
5. The self-guided tour is a planned itinerary. It allows tourists to follow at their own pace.
→ The self-guided tour
6. It’s annoying to travel with my best friend. She doesn’t know how to use Google Maps.
→ It’s
7. The whole town was searching for some tourists. They got lost in the Amazon Rainforest.
→ The whole town
8. We went on a hop-on hop-off bus with a family. We met them for the first time that day.
→ We
9. Tourists can purchase a one-day pass. It is available at all BTS stations in Bangkok.
→ Tourists
10. The church was partly destroyed by a fire last year. Its historic value is priceless.
→ The church
IX. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
1. The guide __________________ led this guided tour was very knowledgeable about local history.
a. which b. whom c. who d. whose
2. The culinary tour __________________ included tastings of local specialities was the highlight of our
trip.
a. who b. whose c. whom d. that
3. Amy wants to get on that scenic train __________________ crosses through the landscape of
Switzerland.
a. who b. that c. whom d. whose
4. The Four Seasons Resort, __________________ offers stunning ocean views, is highly rated by guests.
a. which b. who c. whose d. whom
5. The cruise ship, __________________ amenities include a rooftop pool and fine dining, is a favorite
among holidaymakers.
a. which b. that c. who d. whose
6. The hotel staff, from __________________ we asked for help, were exceptionally friendly and helpful.
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a. who b. which c. whom d. whose
7. The restaurant __________________ we dined at yesterday had a menu full of delicious local dishes.
a. that b. whom c. who d. whose
8. Visitors __________________ come to Kyoto are usually impressed by its temples and gardens.
a. which b. who c. whom d. whose
9. The British Museum has many ancient relics __________________ span several millennia of human
history.
a. which b. whom c. who d. whose
10. Passengers __________________ flights were delayed were offered free accommodation for the night.
a. whose b. who c. whom d. which
X. Fill in each blank with a suitable preposition.
1. When is the good time to hunt ________ cheap plane tickets to Australia?
2. You can go ________ a guided city tour around Copenhagen.
3. Vietnam’s diverse geography makes it an advantage for travellers to work _____ their itinerary.
4. During his trip to the Sahara Desert, David rode the camel ________ the first time.
5. The metro station is nearby. It’s just a ten-minute walk ________ our hotel.
6. The travel agency will take care ________ all the necessary documents when you travel abroad.
7. Son Doong was recognized ________ one of the most beautiful caves ________ earth.
8. Miley is very good ________ using Google Maps, so she has no trouble travelling alone.
9. Son Doong Cave is located ________ Quang Binh Province.
10. People first knew about Thien Duong Cave when it was ________ ABC’s “Good Morning America”.
c. SPEAKING
I. Choose the best answer to complete the conversations.
1. A: It’s important to stick to the schedule during the tour.
B: _____________________________________________________________
a. Can you do that again, please? b. I’ll remember to do that.
c. What’s the time of the schedule? d. No, I don’t like going on tour.
2. A: You must maintain silence and show respect at the temples.
B: _____________________________________________________________
a. I got it. Thank you. b. What temples?
c. I don’t like talking. d. I really enjoy the silence.
3. A: For your own security,
_____________________________________________________________
B: We’ll make sure to follow the guidelines.
a. is it necessary to go with the tour guide?
b. it’s a rule here to leave your group.

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c. you’re obligated to stay within your group.
d. we must not follow the guide everywhere.
4. A: It’s obligatory to arrive 15 minutes before the tour starts.
B: _____________________________________________________________
a. How long does the tour last? b. I totally agree with you.
c. There are lots of instructions. d. Thank you for informing me.
5. A: _____________________________________________________________
B: I’m sorry, it is. You’re obligated to check out by 12 p.m.
a. Can you provide your time staying here?
b. Is it necessary for US to check out before 12?
c. Would you like me to check out early?
d. I’m sorry about checking out before 12.
II. Put the conversation into the correct order.
___ Yes, sure. I understand. How many of you will be travelling?
___ Ah, yes. Hello. I’d like to enquire about flights to Hong Kong from Kennedy Airport in New
York, please. I’m off to a conference at the end of the month - Thursday 22nd until Tuesday 27th. Could you
tell me about the flight availability and prices?
___ Ah, it’s just me.
___ And how much will that be?
___ All right. One seat... economy class... New York - Kennedy to Hong Kong Airport.
_1_ Hello! Dolores speaking...
___ Well, I’d like to go first class, but unfortunately I’ll have to go economy - company rules, you see.
___ Let me see. To qualify for the discount rate, you need to stay over a Saturday. Yes, that’ll be
$830.
___ OK. Can I book that, then?
___ Certainly. Do you want to go economy, business or first class?
___ Certainly.
d. READING
I. Complete the passage with words from the box.
picturesque delayed foreign ruins
whichever reserve laze abroad
Almost all people like to spend their holidays travelling. They travel to see other countries and continents,
modern cities and the (1) _______________ of ancient towns, they travel to enjoy (2) _______________
places, or just for a change of scene. City dwellers usually like a quiet holiday by the sea, or in the
mountains, with nothing to do but walk and bathe and (3) _______________ in the sun.
Most people enjoy going (4) _______________ for their holidays, and having the opportunity to stay in an
interesting city. If you speak (5) _______________ languages, you can make new friends, and get home
some interesting souvenirs as presents! But before you can do that, you have to reach your destination, and
that is often a problem! If you fly, then you may find that your flight has been (6) _______________.
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Journeys by train can also be difficult, since trains are often crowded in summer so you may have to (7)
_______________ a seat in advance. (8) _______________ way you travel, you can have problems with
your luggage, and it is often difficult to find good accommodation. Apart from this, you might not be able
to afford the fare!
II. Read the text carefully, then do the tasks.
TOURISM TODAY
People travel all over the world and attend a lot of interesting places. The effect of travelling of large
amount of people sometimes is incredible. Here are some examples of it.
Large number of people coming to one place once at a time can have less comfortable accommodation as It
was in Scotland where only 40% of tourists were offered hotels.
Tourism is one of the principal contributions of pollution in the Mediterranean Sea and as the number of
people Increase, the problem worsen. Several laws and initiatives have been implemented In order to
protect the Mediterranean Sea from further degradation.
The rapid tourism development of Bali has had a great effect on its natural environment, affecting water
resources, increasing pollution and localized flooding, as well as putting pressure on the island’s
infrastructure.
In Cancun, Mexico, tourism has extensively damaged the lagoon, obliterated sand dunes, led to the
extinction of varying species of animals and fish, and destroyed the rainforest which surrounds the Island. It
was only twenty years after it was developed, that the government of Mexico decided to limit projects
along the coast to prevent further damage to the island’s environment.
In Trinidad and Tobago there are shortages of water due to the overpopulation of tourists on the island. The
most damaging effect of tourism has been the destruction of coral reefs, as they are harvested for sale to
tourists and destroyed by tourists stepping on them as they enter the water.
A. Match the word with its definition.
1. ___ degradation a. make an idea, plan, or law start to be used
2. ___ infrastructure b. collect plants, animals, or things that can be eaten or used
3. ___ lagoon c. a situation in which something stops existing
4. ___ obliterate d. a new plan for dealing with a particular problem
5. ___ initiative e. the process of changing into a worse condition
6. ___ implement f. destroy completely
7. ___ harvest g. an area of sea water separated from the sea by rocks or sand
8. ___ extinction h. the basic systems and services, such as buildings, transport and power
supplies
B. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) of false (F).
1. ___ The effect of tourism is only positive.
2. ___ Mass tourism can cause housing shortages.
3. ___ Tourism is largely responsible for pollution of the Mediterranean Sea.
4. ___ Tourism promotes conservation of wildlife and natural resources such as rainforests.
5. ___ Bali’s rapid tourism development has had a negative impact on its natural environment.
6. ___ Tourism made little damage in Cancun because the government of Mexico put a limit on projects
along the coast.

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7. ___ Overpopulation of tourists leads to the lack of fresh water resources in Trinidad and Tobago.
8. ___ The destruction of coral reefs is mostly caused by tourists collecting coral for souvenirs.
C. Choose the correct answer.
1. To protect the Mediterranean Sea from further degradation, ____________.
a. the number of tourists have to increase
b. a number of laws and plans have been put into action
c. several rules and campaigns will worsen d. the further degradation should be implemented
2. What problem is Bali facing?
a. Pollution and flooding b. Extinction of animals
c. Destruction of rainforest d. Lack of water resources
3. Why did the government of Mexico decide to limit projects along the coast of Cancun?
a. To develop the island after 20 years.
b. To remove lagoon and sand dunes.
c. To completely stop tourism from going to the island.
d. To prevent further harm to the environment.
e. WRITING
I. Write sentences, using the clues given. You can add extra words or make changes.
1. tourism/ identify/ as/ one/ world’s largest industries/ a long time.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
2. in recent years/ there/ be/ a lot of/ tourism development/ Asia/ the Middle East.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
3. economically/ tourism/ can/ create/ jobs/ local people/ and/ bring/ money/ country.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
4. thanks/ development/ tourism/ average/ living standard/ people/ increase/ well.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
5. tourism/ can/ provide/ governments/ extra tax revenues/ each year.

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______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
6. tourism/ be/ opportunity/ discover/ different cultures/ the world.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
7. too many tourists/ can/ have/ negative impact/ the quality of life.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
8. tourism/ be/ largely/ responsible/ the destruction/ many/ most/ beautiful places/ left over/ Earth.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
9. these days/ green travellers/ turn away/ all-inclusive package deals/ because/ their negative
environmental impact.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
10. the main aim/ ecotourism/ be/ reduce/ the negative impact/ that/ tourism/ have/ the environment.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
II. Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first.
1. Have you ever been to Penang before?
→ Is this
2. I wasn't strong enough to push It all the way.
→ I didn’t have
3. We stayed in a magnificent hotel on our holiday in Dalat.
→ The hotel
4. You didn’t prepare for the picnic as well as I did.
→ I prepared
5. You can find a tour operator. They have experience in working out an itinerary.

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→ You
6. We went to the beach because it was a beautiful day.
→ It was such
7. My family last went to Hanoi three years ago.
→ It is
8. We didn't need to book the hotel in advance.
→ It
9. We went to Phuket and stayed in a five-star resort. Its name is Six Senses.
→ We
10. Richard is very proud of his children's achievements.
→ Richard takes

TEST FOR UNIT 8

I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
1. a. resort b. seaside c. safari d. sightseeing
2. a. shortage b. luggage c. package d. landscape
3. a. country b. enough c. tourist d. touchdown
4. a. explored b. relaxed c. tanned d. delayed
5. a. experience b. exciting c. expedition d. explore
II. Choose the word that has the main stress placed differently from the others.
1. a. promote b. narrow c. broadcast d. sightsee
2. a. pyramid b. historic c. stimulating d. breathtaking
3. a. anxious b. delicious c. various d. obvious
4. a. historic b. romantic c. domestic d. classic
5. a. curious b. terrific c. ambitious d. Pacific
III. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
1. Recently tourists have opted to travel ______________ their own rather than in groups.
a. of b. by c. in d. on
2. The tour guide gave us a free evening, so we decided to ____________ around the night market.
a. rent b. hike c. cross d. wander
3. With many stores with various price, Bangkok is a perfect destination for ______________.
a. sports tourism b. food tourism
c. shopping tourism d. city' tourism
4. I'm looking for a souvenir shop ______________ sells traditional handicrafts.
a. where b. who c. which d. what

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5. Vatican is the city ______________ buildings are recognized as UNESCO World Heritage Site.
a. whose b. whom c. who d. which
6. ______________ tour isn’t my cup of tea. I prefer independent travel.
a. Self-guided b. Package c. Grand d. Sightseeing
7. Are there any ______________ flights from Vietnam to Maldives?
a. domestic b. worldwide c. global d. international
8. The police were helping the two tourists ______________ were pickpocketed at the carnival.
a. who b. whom c. which d. whose
9. Make sure you book tickets ______________ because it costs more at the airport!
a. by chance b. at a price c. in advance d. for a start
10. “______________” - “Of course It is!”
a. Is It necessary to book the hotel in advance?
b. Can you make a list of the things we should pack?
c. May I use Google Maps on your phone for a bit?
d. Could you help me work out my Itinerary?
IV. Write the correct form or tense of the verbs in brackets.
1. Son Doong Cave ______________ (find) in 1991 by a local man named Ho Khanh.
2. People ______________ (enjoy) the journey when suddenly the ship(hit) an iceberg.
3. Johnson usually ______________ (watch) short videos about travel destinations on YouTube.
4. The tourism industry’ in Indonesia ______________ (expand) rapidly over the past few years.
5. In December 2019, she ______________ (take) a ten-day trip to Europe with her family.
6. Janet together with her friends ______________ (go) on a trip to New Zealand this summer.
7. Nick told me that he ______________ (not visit) Italy the next summer due to his health.
8. Do you think you ______________ (ever/ travel) to outer space in your lifetime?
9. Have you ever dreamed of ______________ (visit) Mars and its two moons?
10. NASA has said it plans ______________ (send) people to Mars in the 2030s.
V. Write the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. These tours usually combine jungle trekking and cave ______________. (explore)
2. They’re looking for a travel ______________ to take care of their trip to Africa. (agent)
3. Spending the summer holidays in the UK isn’t very ______________ as it often rains a lot. (appeal)
4. The guest house was on the side of the cliff, with ______________ views of the ocean below. (breath)
5. The Taj Mahal is a ______________ building which is visited by millions of tourists every year.
(magnificence)
6. As the capital of Morbihan, Vannes attracts large numbers of ______________. (travel)
7. His parents paid for his hotel ______________ when he travelled to Japan. (accommodate)
8. Some areas of the park are ______________ by car from November through May due to snow. (access)

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9. World-famous for football, Barcelona is one of the top sports ______________ destinations in the world.
(tour)
10. On the first day of school, the children chatted ______________ to their friends about their summer
vacations. (excite)
VI. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the
following sentences.
1. The Amazon (A) is still the more extensive (B) rainforest on earth (C) despite illegal logging (D).
2. The number (A) of foreign tourists to Vietnam (B) have increased (C) relatively quickly (D)during the
past years.
3. She suggested him to go (A) to France and visit the Eiffel Tower (B) instead of (C) Italy this
summer (D).
4. He refreshed his daily life (A) by going on (B) a ten-days (C) trip from the North to (D)the South of
Vietnam.
5. Samir works for an (A) Egyptian company who (B) specializes in (C) information technology (D).
6. Mia asked the travel agency (A) to work out (B) a detail itinerary (C) for her trip to America (D).
7. Vietnam is a (A) country which (B) landscapes and history have attracted (C) millions (D)of tourists.
8. Tourism can be a (A) source of (B) problems, especially if it is not (C) managed correct (D).
9. It’s always (A) a good idea to book (B) a hotel room advance (C), especially in peak season (D).
10. Founded (A) by a local man in 1991, Son Doong Cave became known worldwide (B) in 2009 when
it was explored (C) by members of BCRA (D).
VII. Complete the conversation with the sentences from the box (A - G).

Wendy: (1) ____________________________________________________________________

Linh: I went to Japan.
Wendy: (2) ____________________________________________________________________
Linh: I went there with my family. We booked a package tour.

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Wendy: (3) ____________________________________________________________________
Linh: We stayed there for a week.
Wendy: (4) ____________________________________________________________________
Linh: Of course not. We Just visited some cities in Japan.
Wendy: (5) ____________________________________________________________________
Linh: We went to Kyoto, Tokyo, Mt. Fuji and Osaka.
Wendy: (6) ____________________________________________________________________
Linh: Kyoto. Because I love nature and enjoy the history of Japan.
Wendy: (7) ____________________________________________________________________
Linh: Yes, I went to Seoul in March.
Wendy: (8) ____________________________________________________________________
Linh: Of course, Japanese food.
Wendy: (9) ____________________________________________________________________
Linh: Korean food is too spicy to me. I think Japanese food is more delicious.
Wendy: (10) ____________________________________________________________________
Linh: I want to go to some countries in Europe, such as Italy, German, the Netherlands and France.
VIII. Choose the correct answers to complete the passage.
SPACE TOURISM
Make your reservations now. The space tourism industry is (1) ___________ open for business, and tickets
are going for a mere $20 million for a one-week stay in space. Despite (2) ___________ from NASA,
Russia made American businessman Dennis Tito the world's first space tourist. Tito flew into space aboard
a Russian Soyuz (3) ___________ that arrived at the International Space Station (ISS) on April 30, 2001.
The second space tourist, South African businessman Mark Shuttleworth, took (4) ___________ aboard the
Russian Soyuz on April 25, 2002, also bound for the ISS. Greg Olsen, an American businessman, became
tourist number three to the ISS on October 1, 2005.
On September 18, 2006, Anousheh Ansari, a telecommunications entrepreneur, became the first female
space tourist and the fourth space tourist (5) ___________. She was also the first person of Iranian descent
to make (6) ___________ into space. Charles Simonyi, a software architect, became the fifth space tourist
on April 7, 2007.
These trips are the beginning of (7) ___________ could be a lucrative 21st century industry. There are
already several space tourism companies planning to build suborbital vehicles and orbital cities within the
next two decades. These companies have (8) ___________ millions, believing that the space tourism
industry is on the verge of taking off.
(From How space Tourism Works, www.howstuffworks.com)
1. a. immediately b. officially c. formally d. definitely
2. a. acceptance b. reluctance c. insistence d. decision
3. a. launcher b. satellite c. rocket d. missile
4. a. in b. on c. over d. off
5. a. thoroughly b. overall c. general d. together
6. a. it b. her c. way d. sense
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 7. a. when b. what c. which d. how
8. a. invented b. raised c. invested d. paid
IX. Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct answers.
Ecotourism: See the World While Saving It
Imagine a vacation in a place of amazing natural beauty. Picture yourself relaxing on a clean beach in
Belize. Picture yourself exploring the desert on a camel in Dubai. Or picture yourself following lions and
zebras in Kenya. Now imagine that you are enjoying these experiences and helping to preserve the
environment. You are protecting wildlife and supporting local communities. Is this too good to be true? No!
These vacations are part of a growing trend in the travel industry. The trend is called ecotourism.
Ecotourism was not common before the 1990s. It is now a multi-billion dollar industry. But what is
ecotourism? These are some of its characteristics:
★ It means travel to natural, often far away, places. These are often protected areas where development is
limited.
★ Ecotourism destinations focus on recycling, water conservation, and using renewable energy sources.
★ It builds environmental awareness. Visitors explore an area and learn about it.
★ It provides an economic reason to save the environment. It raises money to help protect it.
★ It creates financial opportunities and jobs for the local people.
Costa Rica was one of the first success stories. Costa Rica once had the highest rate of deforestation in
Latin America. However, since ecotourism, there has been a major reduction in deforestation. Now, more
than a quarter of Costa Rica’s land is protected from development. Costa Rica is now the world’s top
ecotourism destination. This small country of four million people has about 1.5 million visitors per year!
Ecotourism is very important to preserving the land in Costa Rica. This is true for other ecotourism sites
around the world. Ecotourism provides visitors with a special vacation too. These vacations are
unforgettable and educational. Ecotourism is basically a win-win situation. It is good for both the tourists
and the countries they visit.
1. What is the passage mainly about?
a. The rise of ecotourism in Costa Rica.
b. Ecotourism and its positive effects.
c. The impact of ecotourism on the environment.
d. How to develop ecotourism.
2. What is not the purpose of ecotourism?
a. To conserve the natural environment.
b. To promote the environmental awareness of visitors.
c. To attract more tourists to protected natural areas.
d. To provide financial benefits for local communities.
3. Which of the following statements is not true about ecotourism?
a. It first came onto the scene in the early 1990s.
b. It can mean travel to far off places of great natural beauty.
c. It contributes to conservation of the natural resources.
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d. It is big business, generating millions of dollars annually.
4. Which of the following statements is not true about Costa Rica?
a. Costa Rica was very successful in embracing ecotourism.
b. Costa Rica experienced the world’s highest deforestation rate.
c. Costa Rica is a small country with a population of 4 million.
d. Costa Rica is known worldwide as a top spot for ecological tourism.
5. What is the meaning of “a win-win situation”?
a. A situation in which everyone benefits.
b. A situation in which there is no chance of success.
c. A situation in which something unpleasant could happen.
d. A situation in which people achieve success after a lot of difficulties.
6. According to the passage, ecotourism in Costa Rica ______________.
a. has helped diminish deforestation in the country
b. prevents farmland from being converted to other uses
c. contributed to land development of the country
d. will encourage ecotourists to come to the country
7. It can be inferred from the passage that ecotourism ______________.
a. can earn a lot of money and do a lot of harm to nature
b. aims to boost visits to natural protected areas
c. offers tourists an enjoyable holiday while conserving the environment
d. is more damaging than helpful to wildlife
X. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word
in capitals.
1. The ticket price I got from the agent was different from that on the airlines website. (AS)
→ The ticket price I got from the agent was not
2. Dennis has visited Son Doong Cave once before. (SECOND)
→ This is
3. It’s a pity I can’t visit the Eiffel Tower in Paris. (WISH)
→ I
4. The information we received from our tour guide was so confusing that I didn’t know when we departed
to Hanoi. (SUCH)
→ Our tour guide gave
5. Don’t waste your time explaining yourself to people who really don’t want to understand. (WORTH)
→ It’s
6. “Is it necessary to ask for permission before exploring Son Doong Cave?” (IF)
→ The tourists asked

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7. If you don’t buy a package tour, you will have to book your own plane ticket. (UNLESS)
→ You
8. My best friend suggested I spend the summer in Italy. (ADVISED)
→ My best friend
9. Nick is our tour guide; he is talking to other foreign travellers over there. (WHO)
→ Nick
10. The weather was beautiful but we didn’t go on a picnic. (DESPITE)
→ We
UNIT 9.
WORLD ENGLISHES
A. PHONETICS
I. Mark the stress on the correct syllable for the following words.
1. relation 2. identity 3. charity 4. ability
5. revision 6. function 7. decision 8. activity
9. clarity 10. education 11. intention 12. operation
13. community 14. quality 15. nation 16. nationality
17. discussion 18. obesity 19. possibility 20. position
II. Put the words into the correct columns according to their stress pattern.

oOo ooOo Ooo oOoo

B. VOCABULARY and GRAMMAR
I. Match the verb or phrasal verb with its definition.
1. exchange student a. the language that someone learns to speak first
2. bilingual b. (of circles) having the same centre
3. immigrant c. (of spelling, pronunciation, grammar, etc.) believed to be correct and
used by most people
4. first language d. able to speak, read or write a language, especially a foreign language,
easily and well
5. official language e. a different type of something
6. fluent f. a student who goes to a foreign country to study, usually as a part of a
programme
7. concentric g. all the words in a particular language
8. variety h. able to speak two languages equally well; using two languages

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 9. standard i. the language that is accepted by a country’s government, is taught in
schools, used in the courts of law, etc.
10. vocabulary j. a person who has come to a different country in order to live there
permanently
Your answers:
1. ___ 2. ___ 3. ___ 4. ___ 5. ___ 6. ___ 7. ___ 8. ___ 9. ___ 10. ___
II. Complete the sentences with the phrases in part I. Use the plural form if necessary.
1. Although we are taught ____________ English at school, we often use slang at home.
2. There are several regional ____________ of English such as General Australian or General American.
3. He speaks perfect English, but his ____________ which he has known since birth is French.
4. I find studying English ____________ very difficult as I can’t remember all the words.
5. Being good at English will help the ____________ get adapted well to the US.
6. As a(n) ____________ for a semester in Canada, you may get the opportunity to learn both English and
French.
7. To become ____________ in English, you have to be exposed to an English-speaking environment.
8. The United Nations and the European Union use English as a(n) ____________.
9. Since Maria is ____________, she can speak both German and Spanish fluently.
10. Kachru’s 3 ____________ circles model provides a way of looking at the expansion and use of the
English language.
III. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs or phrasal verbs in the box.
copy go over mean propose establish
translate look up pick up consist of follow
1. When marking students’ exercises, teachers have to ____________ standard English.
2. This English center has ____________ a reputation for academic excellence.
3. She ____________ a few words of Spanish when she was in Mexico last year.
4. I think it’s very difficult for an Englishman to ____________ a real American accent.
5. Ms. Mollya ____________ plan to form an English speaking club last year.
6. You should ____________ your essay for spelling mistakes before you hand it in.
7. The word “kucing” ____________ “cat” in the Malay language.
8. It’s hard to ____________ Arabic into English because of the number of dialects.
9. “If you ____________ every new word you see or hear, you will spend your whole day with the
dictionary in your hand.”
10. The United Kingdom ____________ England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland.
IV. Match the words in British English with those in American English so that they mean the same.
British English American English
1. trousers _____ a. French fries
2. football _____ b. sweater
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 3. lorry _____ c. store
4. flat _____ d. pants
5. chips _____ e. elevator
6. chemist _____ f. drugstore
7. holiday _____ g. soccer
8. jumper _____ h. truck
9. lift _____ i. vacation
10. shop _____ j. apartment
V. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
1. Learning the English parts of speech is a must if you want to learn _____________.
a. grammar b. vocabulary c. pronunciation d. speaking
2. One example of _____________words is the word “ballet”, which comes from French.
a. lent b. borrowed c. compound d. foreign
3. Chinese and English are both _____________languages of Hong Kong under the Hong Kong Basic Law.
a. original b. foreign c. official d. first
4. Australian English is spoken as the _____________language by most people in Australia.
a. foreign b. first c. second d. international
5. In China, Japan and Vietnam, English is spoken as a(n) _____________ language.
a. second b. foreign c. official d. primary
6. Another way of conceptualizing learning in English is to view it through the lens of the various
_____________ of the subject.
a. rules b. varieties c. standards d. models
7. They invited some famous _____________ to be the judges for an English debating contest.
a. coaches b. doctors c. linguists d. accountants
8. _____________ to the United States have to pass a test of competence in English.
a. Migrants b. Migration c. Immigration d. Immigrants
9. A _____________ dictionary is a specialized dictionary used to translate words or phrases from one
language to another.
a. monolingual b. bilingual c. trilingual d. multilingual
10. Besides Spanish, her _____________ tongue, she can also speak Portuguese and English.
a. accent b. foreign c. first d. mother
VI. Underline the relative clause in each sentence. Decide if the relative pronoun is the subject (S) or
object (O) of the relative clause.
1. English as we know it has its origin in Germanic tribes who migrated to the UK.
2. This is a five-week French literacy program which the students choose the most.
3. I have narrowed it down to two English books that need to be read this month.
Giaoandethitienganh.info sưu tầm

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4. I will have a two-week summer holiday with my sister who is living in London.
5. Our accent is a symbol which reflects our social and cultural background.
6. The professor who we respect can communicate fluently in three languages.
7. We love the beautiful accent that the French have when they speak English.
8. The new friend who we are studying English with comes from Quebec in Canada.
9. In Asia, India leads as the country with a high number of people who can speak English.
10. The information which we received from our English tour guide was so confusing.
VII. Fill in the blank with a suitable relative pronoun. Write 🗶 where the relative pronoun can be
omitted.
1. Can you give me back the money _____________ I lent you last month?
2. They complained about the wrong goods _____________ were sent to them.
3. This is Susan _____________ husband works in the sales department.
4. The advice _____________ Sam gave me was quite helpful in memorizing vocabulary.
5. The people _____________ speak English as a first language make up 9.6% of South Africa’s total
population.
6. 50% of English-language science writing are created by researchers _____________ native language is
not English.
7. Enter the address of the person _____________ you want to forward the message to.
8. Elsa seemed like the kind of person to _____________ happiness came almost naturally.
9. What is the name of the woman _____________ used to read the news on BBC?
10. Students _____________ want to study in the UK need to have at least an upper intermediate level of
English.
11. Can you name the artist _____________ famous painting is called ‘The Girl with the Pearl Earring’?
12. I enjoy practicing English with the friend with _____________ I’m sharing the dormitory.
13. Irish English have varieties _____________ show many features deriving from the historical shift from
Irish to English.
14. Marie Curie is one of the scientists _____________ I admire most.
15. Apollo 11 was the spaceflight _____________ landed the first two people on the Moon.
VIII. Tick (✔) the correct sentences. Correct the false ones.
1. In this book, there are grammar references which help explain the verb tenses.
______________________________________________________________________________________
2. Word games help you learn new words are a great tool for expanding your vocabulary.
______________________________________________________________________________________
3. An adverb is a word decribes or modifies a verb or an adjective.
______________________________________________________________________________________
4. I often spend 2-3 hours a day watching TV programs whose language is English.
______________________________________________________________________________________

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5. The student whom Mr. Josh criticized last time has improved his English a lot.
______________________________________________________________________________________
6. A native speaker is someone has spoken a language since they were a baby.
______________________________________________________________________________________
7. This app provides short films which show you how to use an English word correctly.
______________________________________________________________________________________
8. The students love languages and world literature can join the school book club.
______________________________________________________________________________________
9. Annie is going to meet her pen friend with she often exchanges English emails.
______________________________________________________________________________________
10. The people we befriended in Australia are immigrants from Asian countries.
______________________________________________________________________________________
IX. Combine the two sentences using defining relative clauses.
1. I met a woman at the conference. Her husband is a well-known linguist.
→ I met
2. What would you do with the scholarship? You were offered it this month.
→ What
3. I don’t really like the woman. She is in charge of the Marketing Department.
→ I don’t
4. I have never met the man. He gave me a lift this morning.
→ The man
5. Scientists are working with stem cells. Stem cells will revolutionize medicine.
→ Scientists
6. Most of the books are still popular today. I read them as a child.
→ Most of the books
7. We studied at a private school. It only allowed students to communicate in English.
→ We studied
8. The book is about Gagarin’s flight to the space. Mr. Henry gave it to me.
→ The book
9. I want to introduce you to Mrs. Black. Her husband is a software engineer at Google, Inc.
→ I want
10. The Nation Air and Space Museum has been renovated. We visited it last year.
→ The Nation Air and Space Museum
X. Make a defining relative clause from the two sentences.
1. Social media networks are an excellent tool. You can use them to promote your business.
______________________________________________________________________________________
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2. You can buy the pasta from that Italian shop. It has just opened in the high street.
______________________________________________________________________________________
3. I’ll call the students. I went to London with them last summer.
______________________________________________________________________________________
4. Can you tell me some English words? The words are both a verb and an adjective.
______________________________________________________________________________________
5. I couldn’t find the man. I’d taken his case by mistake.
______________________________________________________________________________________
6. Sammy is looking for a girl. The girl borrowed her English dictionary yesterday.
______________________________________________________________________________________
7. The tree only grows in the rainforest. This drug is obtained from it.
______________________________________________________________________________________
8. People often have very little money to spend on leisure. They have a lot of leisure time.
______________________________________________________________________________________
9. They live in that house. Its door is painted the colors of the Canadian flag.
______________________________________________________________________________________
10. We haven’t seen the friends for ten years. They are coming to visit us this weekend.
______________________________________________________________________________________
XI. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
1. Many English words have origins _____________ trace back to Latin and French.
a. who b. which c. whose d. whom
2. The software _____________ helps with English pronunciation has received excellent reviews.
a. that b. who c. whom d. whose
3. People _____________ are fluent in English can access a vast amount of information online.
a. which b. whom c. whose d. who
4. My best friend is the one with _____________ I often practice speaking English.
a. that b. which c. whose d. whom
5. English words origins are _____________ in French often relate to cuisine and culture.
a. whose b. which c. who d. that
6. English is a global language _____________ connects people from different countries.
a. who b. whose c. that d. whom
7. English learners _____________ practice regularly improve their fluency and confidence.
a. whom b. who c. which d. whose
8. There are many dialects of English _____________ one another in vocabulary and pronunciation.
a. which different from b. from that they differ
c. dial differ from d. whose difference is
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9. Linguists _____________ analyse ns historical development and variations.
a. whose English language they study
b. who study the English language
c. that they study the English language
d. studied the English language
10. A mother tongue is the first language _____________.
a. who speaks to a person b. a person learns to speak
c. from whom a person learns d. which a person learns
XII. Fill In each blank with a suitable preposition.
1. Linda picked _________ a bit of Italian when she was staying in Pisa.
2. Before you submit your essay, remember to go _________ the spelling.
3. Many of the students are bilingual _________ Spanish and English.
4. I lost of the borrowed words consists _________ just one word. such as pizza or ballet.
5. She's fluent _________ Polish and French and can speak a little Italian.
6. English is taught at school _________ a second language in many countries.
7. She works for the United Nations. Translating _________ English into French.
8. Based on his accent. I guess that he comes _________ northern England.
9. For some reasons. my teacher thinks that I'm not good enough _________ languages.
10. India, colonized by the UK until the mid-20th century, has around 2b5 million speakers _________
English.
c. SPEAKING
I. Choose the best answer to complete the conversations.
1. A: I heard you have a big presentation tomorrow. _____________________
B: Thank you so much.
a. I promise I'll try my best. b. I appreciate your effort.
c. I wish you all the best of luck! d. Don't worn about me.
2. A: Good luck with your IELTS exam next week!
B: _____________________
a. I’m not taking anything. b. I’d love to. Thanks a lot.
c. Yes, I agree with you. d. Thanks. I’ll try my best.
3. A: I need to finish this report by tomorrow.
B: _____________________ The deadline is really close.
a. Let’s take a small break. b. You must start working on it now.
c. I’m sorry about everything. d. Don’t worry about me.
4. A: I know you enter an English contest this week. Break a leg!
B: _____________________

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a. Thanks a bunch. b. I like that contest a lot.
c. Welcome to the contest! d. My leg is better now.
5. A: _____________________ I have a doctor’s appointment.
B: Sure. You can leave at 3 p.m.
a. Could you do me a favour? b. May I go out right now?
c. Can I leave early today? d. Would you mind leaving now?
II. Put the conversation into the correct order.
___ You can watch those with subtitles. Then, you can figure out the way to talk and learn the new
words also.
_1_ Hey! How did your English exam go?
___ Yes. And I suggest you register on a language learning social media network or joining language
learning groups on Facebook so that you can have a chance to practice with native speakers.
___ Cool. I remember that our school has one, right?
___ Ok, I will. Thanks.
___ Is there anything else I can do to improve my speaking and listening?
___ I’ve watched movies in English recently, but I don’t understand what they are saying.
___ Joining an English speaking club can also provide you with precious skills and experience.
___ Not bad, thanks. I’m just glad it’s over! I find that I still can’t speak English fluently.
___ Well, do you often watch TV shows or listen to music in English?
d. READING
I. Complete the passage with words from the box.
nationalities power dialects derived
varieties worldwide dominant second
The term “English” is (1) __________________ from Anglisc, the speech of the Angles – one of the three
Germanic tribes that invaded England during the fifth century. The English language is the primary
language of several countries, including Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and many of
its former colonies, and the United States, and the (2) __________________ language in a number of
multilingual countries, including India, Singapore, and the Philippines. It’s an official language in several
African countries as well, such as Liberia, Nigeria, and South Africa, but is spoken (3)
__________________ in more than 100. It’s learned around the world by children in school as a foreign
language and often becomes a common denominator between people of different (4) __________________
when they meet while traveling, doing business, or in other contexts.
According to Christine Kenneally in her book The First Word, “Today there are about 6,000 languages in
the world, and half of the world’s population speaks only 10 of them. English is the single most (5)
__________________ of these 10. British colonialism initiated the spread of English across the globe; it
has been spoken nearly everywhere and has become even more prevalent since World War II, with the
global reach of American (6) __________________.
Just as the United States has regional (7) __________________ and there are differences in pronunciation
and words in British and American English, the language has local (8) _____________ around the world:
American, British, Canadian, Caribbean, Euro-English, Hinglish, Indian, Irish, Nigerian, Scottish,
Singaporean, Zimbabwean, etc.
II. Read the text carefully, then do the tasks.
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English as a global language
People often talk about English as a global language or lingua franca. With more than 350 million people
around the world speaking English as a first language and more than 430 million speaking it as a second
language, there are English speakers in most countries around the world. Why is English so popular,
though? And why has it become a global language?
People often call English the international language of business, and it’s increasingly true as international
trade expands every year, bringing new countries into contact. Most multinational companies require a
certain degree of English proficiency from potential employees so in order to get a position with a top
company, more and more people are learning English.
If your ambitions lie in science or medicine, you can’t neglect English either. Much of the technical
terminology is based on English words, and if you want to learn about the latest developments and
discoveries from around the world, you’ll read about them in journals and research reports published in
English, no matter whether the scientists who wrote them are from China or Norway.
If you want a career in travel, English is absolutely essential. As the international language of aviation,
pilots and cabin crew all need to speak English. Even if you’re not up in the air, speaking English
accurately will ensure you are able to communicate with clients and suppliers all over the world.
So, what’s stopping you from learning this global language? With all the English resources available on the
internet and so many other English speakers around the world to practice with, there’s never been a better
time to start learning English. Pick up a book, learn a few words, or even start a course today and take your
first steps towards becoming one of nearly 800 million English speakers in the world.
(Adapted from: englishlive.ef.com/blog/english-in-the-real-world)
A. Find the word or phrase in bold in the passage that means:
1. in a way that is correct and true in every detail
______________________
2. the activity of flying aircraft
______________________
3. great skill, ability, and experience
______________________
4. a language used for communication between people of different native languages
______________________
5. to not give enough attention to
______________________
6. special words or expressions used in a particular subject or field
______________________
B. Choose the correct answer.
1. The number of people speaking English as a second language ______________.
a. lives in most English speaking countries around the world
b. mostly works at multinational companies
c. is more than one speaking it as mother tongue
d. accounts for less than 400 million people
2. More and more people are learning English in order to ______________.
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a. be hired by a top company b. expand international trade
c. require a certain degree d. make contact with foreigners
3. Why is English important if you want to pursue a medical career?
a. Because all journals of the world are published in English.
b. Because most medical researchs are written by English scientists.
c. Because medicine conferences are often held in English.
d. Because many medical terms are English.
4. The noun “steps” used in the phrase “take your first steps” means ______________.
a. movements b. actions c. feet d. stages
5. Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage?
a. Speaking English fluently is necessary even if you are on the ground staff.
b. You can learn English from online resources or other English speakers.
c. It’s better to take online English classes than physical classes.
d. There are nearly 800 million English speakers, both as first and second language.
e. WRITING
I. Write sentences, using the clues given. You can add extra words or make changes.
1. learn/ foreign language/ can/ actually/ boost/ your brain power.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
2. Andy/ wish/ he/ can/ speak English/ good/ as a native speaker.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
3. English/ become/ global/ means/ communication/ with/ lot of/ varieties.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
4. The inner circle/ the concentric circles/ consists/ countries/ be/ traditional bases/ English.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
5. a globalized world/ we/ can/ interact/ people/ speak/ many different languages.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
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______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
6. it/ be/ estimate/ about 375 million people/ speak/ English/ regularly/ second language.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
7. The school/ look/ a foreign teacher/ native language/ English/ present.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
8. If/ you/ want/ be/ fluent English speaker/ have to/ practice/ speak/ English/ regularly.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
9. Linguists/ say/ the English language/ contain/ around/ one million/ words.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
10. long/ English word/ can/ spell/ without/ repeat/ any letters/ be/ “uncopyrightable”.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
II. Write the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word in
capitals.
1. This supervisor professor helped me a lot during my study in the College. (WHO)
→ This is
2. Janet learned a few words of French when she was in Paris last year. (UP)
→ Janet
3. My best friend All can speak English fluently. (IN)
→ My
4. The summer English course starts in June, and it offers many speaking activities. (WHICH)
→ The summer English course
5. Cullen can speak both Chinese and English perfectly. (BILINGUAL)
→ Cullen

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6. We invited the new classmate to eat lunch with US yesterday. That new classmate is very friendly and
kind. (WHO)
→ The new classmate
7. You have to check your English test very carefully before you hand it in. (GO)
→ You
8. Martha started working as a journalist in Australia five years ago. (FOR)
→ Martha
9. I haven’t practiced English for ages, so I’m not as good at it as I used to be. (BECAUSE)
→ I’m
10. An plans to go abroad for higher education once he earns enough money. (IF)
→ An
TEST FOR UNIT 9
I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
1. a. vocabulary b. global c. concentric d. official
2. a. fluency b. punctual c. truck d. multinational
3. a. creation b. decision c. vacation d. translation
4. a. Chinese b. speech c. technical d. touchdown
5. a. simplified b. varied c. mastered d. proposed
6. a. bilingual b. dialect c. establish d. profile
II. Choose the word that has the main stress placed differently from the others.
1. a. official b. uniform c. fluency d. holiday
2. a. creation b. education c. operation d. information
3. a. bilingual b. establishment c. proficient d. immigration
4. a. stupidity b. flexibility c. simplicity d. variety
5. a. population b. pronunciation c. graduation d. decoration
III. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
1. The article was about the different varieties ___________ English spoken throughout the world.
a. in b. of c. from d. among
2. Susana ___________ bit of Spanish when she was living in Mexico.
a. looked up b. went over c. picked up d. took in
3. English grammar is said to be difficult to learn ___________ its countless rules and numerous exceptions
to them.
a. thanks to b. in spite of c. because of d. provided that
4. You don’t need to interrupt your reading to look up every unfamiliar word right away - it’s better to
___________ first.
a. master b. copy c. translate d. guess

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5. ___________ education is the use of two different languages in classroom instruction.
a. Vocational b. Bilingual c. Monolingual d. Cooperated
6. We paid extra for the VIP package tour ___________ provided us with an English tour guide.
a. which b. whose c. who d. whom
7. There are some English words __________ meanings can be different depending on the context.
a. which b. that c. whose d. who
8. The man with ___________ I dined last night will be the next President of Bigfoot.
a. whom b. who c. which d. that
9. “Commence” is a ___________ word native English speakers would use more in formal settings.
a. harsh b. borrowed c. official d. original
10. “What is the longest English word that doesn’t contain a vowel? I’d say tsktsks” – “___________”
a. How come? b. Up to you. c. Spot on. d. Of course, it is.
IV. Write the correct form or tense of the verbs in brackets.
1. The number of people learning English __________________ (rise) rapidly in recent years.
2. Sarah __________________ (apply) for this teaching position as soon as she got an IELTS certificate.
3. English __________________ (use) as a lingua franca among many airline pilots.
4. Alfred hopes that he _______________ (teach) English at the University of Wales after graduation.
5. 94% of upper-secondary school students in Europe ________________ (learn) English at present.
6. Since then, they __________________ (translate) Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone into 78
languages, including Ancient Greek.
7. Mathew told me he __________________ (do) a course in business English at that moment.
8. When I _________________ (join) the discussion, the other students _________________ (exchange)
interesting facts about English.
9. Worldwide, people often desire __________________ (learn) to speak English.
10. If you want to speak like a native, you should practice __________________ (speak) English with a
native speaker.
V. Write the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. They are looking for a Japanese to English _______________ for a conference in Tokyo. (translate)
2. Despite many English courses, this private school is not a(n) __________________ recognized English
language school. (official)
3. She took an advanced course to build up a __________________ in written and spoken English. (fluent)
4. Most universities in the UK require a certificate of language __________________. (proficient)
5. Canada is an officially __________________ country, with two official languages: French and English.
(lingual)
6. Between 1788 and 1900, over 1 million people __________________ to Australia. (immigrant)
7. Because of its global spread, English has several different __________________ around the world.
(vary)
8. English is used as the __________________ language of business and aviation. (globe)
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9. The visa is for exchange students who wish to study at any educational __________________ in the
country. (establish)
10. There are English words which share the same spelling but different _________________. (mean)
VI. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the
following questions.
1. About 500 years ago (A), English began to undergo (B) a major change of (C) the way its
vowels were (D) pronounced.
2. People often ask how many (A) words are there (B) in (C) the English language (D).
3. The (A) first BBC English language teaching (B) broadcast (C) was in (D) 4th July 1943.
4. Giang is looking for (A) a language partner (B) with who (C) she can practice English after class (D).
5. In order to (A) mastering (B) English, you should communicate with (C) foreigners more regularly (D).
6. If you don’t know what (A) that word means (B), try to look (C) it on (D) in the dictionary.
7. Mother tongue would refer to (A) the language you acquired (B) as a child and are (C) most fluent
on (D).
8. Travelling (A) through a foreign (B) country becomes much more (C) easier if you can speak (D) the
language of that country.
9. The people to who (A) the funds were supposedly (B) directed benefited little (C) from (D) them.
10. Spanish is spoken (A) in 31 countries who (B) are mostly around (C) Latin America and in (D) Spain.
VII. Complete the conversation with the sentences from the box (A - F).

Andy: Laura, what are you doing?

Laura: (1) ____________________________________________________
Andy: What is the topic?
Laura: (2) ____________________________________________________
Andy: Sounds interesting. What exactly is a borrowed word?
Laura: (3) ____________________________________________________
Andy: Hmm... Can you give me some examples of borrowed words?
Laura: Sure. (4) ____________________________________________________
Andy: Wow. Those words are very familiar. Do they share the same meaning as their languages of origin?
Laura: In most cases, yes.
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Andy: I know that karaoke comes from Japan, and piano originated from Italy. What about ballet and café?
Laura: (5) ____________________________________________________
Andy: This is new knowledge. I wish you all the best of luck on your presentation.
Laura: (6) ____________________________________________________
VIII. Choose the correct answers to complete the passage.
English is a (1) ____________ language spoken by a lot of people around the world. Approximately 1.5
billion people speak English as a native or as a second language. However, when it comes to understanding
the difference between American English (AE) and British English (BE), it is not uncommon to find even
native-English speakers getting (2) ____________.
One of (3) ____________ differences between BE and AE is in terms of vocabulary. In the UK, for
example, they call it a flat, while in America it’s an apartment. British go on holiday, while Americans go
on vacation. Some of the other common words like trousers, lorry, university and chips come under BE
while for AE they correspond to pants, truck, college and fries.
Another significant difference is the (4) ____________ of certain words, such as color in AE instead
of colour in BE. Verbs that are spelt with ize or ise in BE are always spelt as ize in AE. For example, it
is apologize or apologise in BE but in AE, it is always apologize.
Aside from spelling and vocabulary, there are certain grammar differences between BE and AE. For
instance, in AE, collective nouns are considered singular (e.g. The band is playing). In contrast, collective
nouns can be (5) ____________ singular or plural in BE, although the plural form is most often used (e.g.
The band are playing). The British are also more likely to use formal speech, such as shall, whereas
Americans (6) ____________ the more informal will or should.
(7) ____________, the differences between British English and American English do not really make much
of a difference when the English language is spoken. For average listeners, these can be (8) ____________
understood based on context. However, when it comes to academic writing, it becomes very important to
know what the difference between BE and AE is.
1. a. modern b. regional c. global d. national
2. a. confusing b. confusion c. confusable d. confused
3. a. more evident b. the most evident c. the least evident d. less evident
4. a. pronunciation b. rhythm c. intonation d. spelling
5. a. both b. only c. neither d. either
6. a. favour b. dislike c. ignore d. disagree
7. a. To sum up b. As a result c. For this reason d. On the other hand
8. a. hardly b. easily c. freely d. slowly
IX. Read the passage, then do the tasks.
Learning a new language is always an excellent idea. It provides you incredible benefits that come with the
backing of science! One of the most useful languages to learn is English.
Learning a second language is one of the best ways to keep your brain active and challenged. Studies have
shown that the brain undergoes changes in electrical activity and even structure and size while learning a
foreign language that do not occur when learning any other type of task or skill. Learning another language
offers important cognitive benefits at any age, helping to keep the mind active and even reducing the risk of
mental disease and slowing mental decline later in life.
When learning English as a second language, you approach new ways to think and express yourself through
written and spoken words. Learning multiple languages can help you communicate more clearly in any
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language as you learn more about how language itself works and how to use it to promote ideas and reach
out to others in a variety of social and work situations.
The world may not have a global language, but English is the default option for countless forms of
communication across the globe. That’s why one of the benefits of learning English is that it significantly
boosts your hiring potential. In addition, It can offer you educational opportunities. If you desire access to
some of the best schools like Harvard, Stanford, Oxford, Cambridge or MIT, then knowing English
provides you an incredible edge. It’s expected that around 2 billion people around the world will learn
English over the next decade.
A. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
1. _____ Leaning English can help to keep your brain sharp.
2. _____ Your brain changes electrical activity, structure and size when you learn a new language as well
as any other type of task or skill.
3. _____ No matter what age you are, there are brain benefits of learning a foreign language.
4. _____ When you learn a second language, you become better at communicating.
5. _____ Knowing English can increase your chance of getting a high-paying job. 6. English gives you a
great advantage when applying to some of the best schools.
7. _____ More than two billion people will be learning English in ten years’ time.
B. Choose the correct answer.
1. The passage mainly discusses __________.
a. ways to improve your English level
b. how to keep your mind active
c. the advantages and disadvantages of language learning
d. the benefits of learning English
2. According to the text, learning English as a second language can __________.
a. have a negative effect on the brain
b. slow the mental decline due to aging
c. reduce brain function
d. lower the risk of heart disease
3. Learning multiple languages makes you a better communicator because __________.
a. you can improve your writing and speaking skills
b. you know how to get the attention of someone
c. you learn more about how to promote your ideas and make contact with others
d. you can communicate more effectively in your mother tongue
4. The word “cognitive” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to __________.
a. mental b. intellectual c. emotional d. subjective
5. What does the word “edge” used in the third paragraph mean?
a. point b. border c. limit d. advantage
6. All the following sentences are the benefits of learning English except __________.
a. it helps prevent dementia and Alzheimer’s.
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b. it provides better employment opportunities.
c. it’s easy to use in communication.
d. it gives you access to the world’s best universities.
X. Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first.
1. You can easily form a relationship with some people.
→ There are some people
2. Nancy always plays trick on me in front of my classmates.
→ Nancy is the one
3. This is the most useful English lesson we’ve ever had.
→ We’ve never had a
4. If you don’t practice speaking English regularly, you can’t improve your speaking skills.
→ Unless
5. “Is the singer staying in a penthouse suite that is situated on the top 2 floors?”
→ The journalist wanted to know
6. “What language do you think you will learn next year?” Mary asked Jim.
→ Mary asked
7. We have decided that your contract will not be renewed.
→ It
8. Revising for exams takes up all my time at the moment.
→ I’m busy
9. Some people prefer going abroad for holidays to traveling in their own countries.
→ Some people would rather
10. We could look for the information about the history of English on the Internet.
→ How
TEST YOURSELF 3
Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three
in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. a. session b. mission c. issue d. dessert
2. a. bowl b. narrow c. owner d. vowel
3. a. bilingual b. flexible c. variety d. itinerary
Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of
stress in each of the following questions.
4. a. location b. possession c. destination d. translation
5. a. pessimistic b. flexibility c. speciality d. characteristic
Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions.

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6. Evening, overnight, or early morning flights are excellent options if you want to hunt _______ cheap
flight tickets.
a. over b. at c. for d. with
7. Some people seem to _______ a second language with relative ease, while others have a much more
difficult time.
a. go over b. break out c. get by with d. pick up
8. Before the trip, we read travel blogs of people _______ travelled to the same location.
a. whom b. which c. who d. whose
9. There are some regions in Thailand _______ due to heatwave.
a. we avoid visiting it b. we avoid visiting
c. which we avoid it d. that we visit
10. The Amazon Rainforest has attracted many scientists due to its high level of biological ______.
a. landscape b. development c. diversity d. access
11. Kevin wondered _______ the potential to benefit the local communities.
a. did ecotourism have b. whether ecotourism had
c. ecotourism had d. if ecotourism has
12. As a bilingual, she was _______ in Chinese and English by the time she was five.
a. fluent b. smooth c. talkative d. spoken
13. They’re looking for a translator _______ native language is English.
a. whose b. which c. who d. that
14. How much does a five-day self-guided tour around Rome _______?
a. require b. cost c. take d. pay
15. Thousands of tourists _______ the ancient ruins of Machu Picchu since the beginning of the year.
a. visit b. are going to visit
c. visited d. have visited
16. Janet is a vegetarian and she would rather _______ vegetables than meat.
a. eating b. to eat c. be eaten d. eat
17. The English language _______ on individual, regional, national and global levels.
a. various b. varies c. variety d. variant
18. Please be quiet! Sheila and I _______ on an important project.
a. work b. are working c. was working d. have worked
19. For a stress-free trip, you ____ book package holiday which includes flights, accommodation, and even
food.
a. should b. will c. mustn’t d. don’t have to
Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s)
in each of the following questions.
20. The Niagara Falls attract millions of tourists annually with its breathtaking beauty.

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a. daily b. monthly c. yearly d. weekly
21. The tour operator agreed to work out a new itinerary following our requirements.
a. locate b. plan c. support d. hunt
22. Cultural tours offer exclusive access to historical landmarks and sites.
a. exit b. opening c. closure d. entry
Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s)
in each of the following questions.
23. During the low season, hotels usually offer significant discounts to attract tourists.
a. important b. empty c. full d. high
24. The English course has a fixed schedule of classes every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday.
a. flexible b. arranged c. unstable d. tight
25. The local regulations permit camping in designated areas within the national park.
a. forbid b. allow c. accept d. stop
Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following
exchanges.
26. Miranda: I’ve heard you’re moving to another school. ____________________________
Vivian: Thank you so much.
a. I hope you’ll try your best. b. Wish me luck.
c. What a pity! d. I wish you all the best of luck.
27. Tourist: ____________________________
Guard: I’m sorry, but that area is off-limits to visitors.
a. What is the temple’s restricted area?
b. Do we have to visit the temple and its restricted area?
c. Can you tell me about the temple’s restricted area?
d. May we visit the restricted area of the temple?
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the
following questions.
28. The guide who’s (A) hometown is Sapa recommended (B) us a 2-day (C) trekking tour to Fansipan (D).
29. Everyone wondered whether (A) Jenny spends (B) all her money travelling (C) around the world (D).
30. Trips to (A) Angel Falls can be booked (B) with advance (C) through various tour operators and travel
agencies in Venezuela (D).
Read the following conversation and put each sentence in the box (A - F) in the correct place.

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Jade: Hey Liam, do you know that English is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world?
Liam: Of course. (31) _______________________
Jade: Absolutely! Do you know other interesting facts about English?
Liam: Hmmm...let me see. (32) _______________________
Jade: Wow, really? I guess that’s why English has such diverse range of words and expressions.
Liam: Exactly! And speaking of vocabulary, (33) _______________________
Jade: How impressive!
Liam: I know. Besides, English grammar can be tricky sometimes, don’t you think?
Jade: (34) _______________________
Liam: So did I! (35) _______________________
Jade: Totally agree. The tense is the trickiest part.
Liam: Thanks for sharing all these cool facts.
Jade: No problem, Liam! (36) _______________________
Read the following passage and mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the correct word or phrase
that best fits each of the blanks.
The Paricutin Volcano is a remarkable natural wonder located in Mexico. It is considered one of (37)
____________ volcanoes on Earth, as it suddenly emerged from a cornfield in 1943 and rapidly grew into a
towering mountain. Paricutin is (38) ____________ the nearby village where it appeared, located in the
state of Michoacan, in central Mexico.
The volcanic eruption that gave birth to Paricutin began (39) ____________ February 20,1943. Over the
following days, a small volcanic cone formed, and molten lava started to flow from the vent. The eruption
continued for about nine years. During its peak, Paricutin reached a height of approximately 410 meters
above the surrounding (40) ____________.
Today, Paricutin is a dormant volcano, and its cone stands as a dramatic reminder of its explosive past.
Visitors can (41) ____________ the volcanic landscape, hike up the cone, and witness the remnants of the
eruption. The area surrounding the volcano has become a protected natural reserve, known as the Paricutin
Volcano National Park, safeguarding the (42) ____________ geological and ecological features of the
region.
37. a. younger than b. most youngest c. the youngest d. more young
38. a. taken after b. passed down c. picked up d. named after
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 39. a. in b. on c. at d. until
40. a. landscape b. peak c. safari d. destination
41. a. discover b. explore c. possess d. locate
42. a. common b. usual c. similar d. unique
Read the following passage and mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the best answer to each of the
questions.
The education system of the 21st century has changed radically with the integration of the technology in
every sector. At the same time, the students are more matured than the previous time. Now, in the twenty-
first century education depends on Thinking Skills, Interpersonal Skills, Information Media, Technological
Skills as well as Life Skills. Especially, the education of the present time emphasizes life and career skills.
Now there is no value for rote learning. In general, it needs to meet the industry need. To clarify, the
teaching will be effective when a student can use the lesson outside of the classroom.
For changing the globalizing world, the role of the teachers is essential to improve the sustainable
education. At the same time, inspiring and guiding the students in increasing employability skills with the
digital tools is the prerequisite for a teacher. Thus a teacher in the twenty-first century will be a digital
teacher. Teachers are not the facilitator for learning of the students only, and now they are responsible for
training the students for increasing employability skills, expanding the mind, growing digital
citizenship, critical thinking, and creativity as well as sustainable learning. Thus, the winning of the
students is the win of the teachers.
With the passage of time and integration of technology in every sector, the teacher’s role has changed a lot.
They need to enrich some skills to develop their students. Otherwise, the students will not get the lesson,
and it will increase the rate of educated unemployed in the digital era.
43. What is the topic of the passage?
a. The decline of traditional educational system.
b. The role of education in the 21st century.
c. The impact of teachers on student achievement.
d. The changing role of teachers in 21st century schooling.
44. According to the first passage, technology in the 21st century _____________.
a. is making students more matured
b. has transformed education
c. enhances students’ performance
d. has changed life and career skills
45. What is rote learning?
a. A teaching approach based on practical activities
b. An educational method that centers on big-picture ideas
c. A memorization technique based on repetition
d. A collaborative learning approach based on group work
46. According to the passage, the teachers of the 21st century _____________.
a. should pay more attention to new digital tools
b. can take their lessons outside of the classroom
c. need to find ways to improve digital citizenship skills
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d. must help their students develop employability skills
47. The phrase “critical thinking” in the second paragraph means _____________.
a. a thought without actual study of the fact
b. a method of solving problems by using your imagination
c. the analysis and evaluation of an issue to form a judgment
d. the ability to think about things that are not actually present
48. Which of the following statements is not true?
a. The roles of teachers are evolving due to changes in technology.
b. Teachers no longer function as lecturers but as facilitators of learning.
c. A 21st century education gives students the skills they need to succeed in their careers.
d. If the students aren’t educated, they will be unemployed in the digital era.
49. All of the following statements can be inferred from the passage EXCEPT _____________.
a. vocational education will be more focused
b. teachers are now faced with a lot of challenges
c. students will be better equipped for their future
d. teaching is getting more and more complex and challenging
Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the sentence that is best written from the words/ phrases
given.
50. Homer/ ancient Greek writer/ we/ study/ translation class.
a. Homer, who was an ancient Greek writer, we study in translation class.
b. Homer is an ancient Greek writer whom we study in translation class.
c. Homer was an ancient Greek writer about who we study in translation class.
d. Homer, which is an ancient Greek writer, who we study in translation class.
51. My teacher/ asked/I/ look/ that word/ the dictionary.
a. My teacher asked whether I looked that word up in the dictionary.
b. My teacher asked did I look that word up in the dictionary.
c. My teacher asked if I have looked up that word in the dictionary.
d. My teacher asked I look up that word in the dictionary.
52. The car accident/ more serious/ Carol/ think/ it/ be.
a. The car accident became more and more serious than what Carol thinks it is.
b. The car accident was more serious Carol thought it’s been.
c. The car accident has become more and more serious Carol thinks it was.
d. The car accident was more serious than Carol thought it was.
53. The tour guide/ tell/ tourists/ they/ experience/ Thai local cuisine/ following day.
a. The tour guide told the tourists they experienced Thai local cuisine the following day.
b. The tour guide is telling the tourists they experienced Thai local cuisine following day.

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c. The tour guide told the tourists they would experience Thai local cuisine the following day.
d. The tour guide is telling the tourists that they would experience Thai local cuisine following day.
54. The Grand Canyon/ located/ Arizona/ one/ breathtaking/ natural wonder/ Earth.
a. The Grand Canyon, which is located in Arizona, is one of the most breathtaking natural wonders on
Earth.
b. The Grand Canyon, that is located in Arizona, is one of the most breathtaking natural wonders on Earth.
c. The Grand Canyon located in Arizona, which is one most breathtaking natural wonder on Earth.
d. The Grand Canyon located in Arizona is one most breathtaking natural wonder on Earth.
Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following
questions.
55. I’m learning English because I want to get a good job when I finish my studies.
a. I’m learning English so that I can get a good job when I finish my studies.
b. Although I’m learning English, I want to get a good job when I finish my studies.
c. Unless I learn English, I will get a good job when I finish my studies.
d. When I get a good job when I finish my studies, I’m learning English.
56. My aunt and uncle used to work in that company.
a. The company in that my aunt and uncle used to work is that company.
b. That company is which my aunt and uncle used to work in.
c. That’s the company which my aunt and uncle used to work in.
d. I own that company where my aunt and uncle used to work.
57. Sitting too long at the computer will make your back and arms ache.
a. Your back and arms won’t ache if you sit too long at the computer.
b. If you sit too long at the computer, your back and arms will ache.
c. Unless you sit too long at the computer, you will make your back and arms ache.
d. Your back and arms will ache unless you sit too long at the computer.
58. “I won’t open my present until my birthday,” Keith said.
a. Keith promised not to open his present until his birthday.
b. Keith asked whether he won’t open his present until his birthday.
c. Keith said that he wouldn’t open my present until my birthday.
d. Keith told me to open my present until my birthday.
59. Researchers have discovered that the bite of Komodo dragons is venomous.
a. The bite of Komodo dragons is discovered to be venomous to researchers.
b. Komodo dragons whose bite is venomous are discovered by researchers.
c. The discovery of Komodo dragons and their venomous bite are done by researchers.
d. Researchers have made the discovery that the bite of Komodo dragons is venomous.
UNIT 10.

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PLANET EARTH
A. PHONETICS
I. Place a mark over the syllables that should be stressed in the words in bold. Then read the
sentences aloud.
Ex: ‘Forest ‘habitats are con’sidered the ‘Earth’s ‘ lungs.
1. Rainforests are home to a variety of plants and animals species.
2. Polar bears are among the most iconic fauna of the Arctic.
3. The oceans cover approximately 71% of the Earth’s surface.
4. Coral reefs provide shelter to a large number of marine animals.
5. Many plants and animals in the deserts are able to adapt to extreme conditions.
6. Planting trees can help combat deforestation and reduce climate change.
7. Volunteer activities such as beach clean-ups help keep our ecosystems clean.
8. Human activities have significant impacts on the planet’s environment.
9. The Earth’s atmosphere, composed of various gases, is essential for sustaining life.
10. Conservation efforts worldwide aim to protect the ecological balance of the Earth.
II. Underline the stressed syllables in the sentences. Read the sentences aloud.
Ex: Plants and animals are essential part of Earth’s ecology.
1. Earth’s history is recorded in its rocks, fossils, and geological formations.
2. Seagrass beds are critical habitats for marine life such as seahorses and sea turtles.
3. Climate change is affecting global weather patterns, leading to natural disasters.
4. Rivers carve through diverse landforms, shaping valleys and canyons over time.
5. The solar system consists of the Sun, eight planets and their moons.
6. Overfishing and habitat destruction have led to disruptions in oceanic food chains.
7. Venus has a thick atmosphere that traps heat, making it the hottest planet.
8. Fertilisers and pesticides contaminate waterways and cause harmful algal blooms.
9. To prevent pollution in oceans, we should encourage the use of reusable bags.
10. Promoting sustainable farming practices helps preserve soil health and biodiversity.
B. VOCABULARY and GRAMMAR
I. Match the verb or phrasal verb with its definition.
1. flora a. all the animals living in an area or in a particular period of history
2. solar system b. either of the two points at the most northern and most southern ends of
the earth
3. landform c. a large area of open land covered with wild grass
4. habitat d. a substance added to soil to make plants grow well
5. food chain e. an area of land where the animals and plants are protected
6. fauna f. a natural shape on the earth’s surface, such as a mountain or a valley

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 7. nature reserve g. all the plants of a particular place or from a particular time in history
8. pole h. a series of living things that are connected because each group of things
eat the group below it in the series
9. fertilizer i. the sun and all the planets that move around it
10. grassland j. the natural environment in which an animal or plant usually lives
Your answers:
1. ___ 2. ___ 3. ___ 4. ___ 5. ___ 6. ___ 7. ___ 8. ___ 9. ___ 10. ___
II. Complete the sentences with the words or phrases in part I (use a plural form if necessary). Take
the picture as a clue.
1. Earth’s diverse
__________________
_, from mountains to
rivers, make it a
unique jewel in the
galaxy.

2. The Great Barrier

Reef is a vital
__________________
_ for countless marine
species.

3. The Arctic and

Antarctic
__________________
_ support unique
ecosystems adapted to
extreme cold.

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 4. Earth is the fifth
largest planet in the
__________________
_, and it’s the only
one known to have
liquid water on its
surface.

5. The giant water lily

and the Brazil nut tree
are among some
distinctive
__________________
_ found in the
Amazon.

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 6. Overuse of
__________________
_ in agriculture can
lead to soil erosion
and soil pollution.

7. Protected
__________________
_, like Yellowstone
National Park,
safeguard our precious
ecosystems.

8. In an ecosystem,
plants and animals
need each other to
live. This is called a
__________________
_.

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 9. ________________
___ is known for its
open landscapes,
where grasses
dominate the
vegetation cover.

10. There are iconic

__________________
_ like zebras, giraffes,
and wild bulls living
in the savannas of
Africa.

III. Complete the sentences with the phrases from the box.
temperate forest polar habitat climate change
habitat loss water bodies living things
outer space ecological balance global warming
liquid water
1. Earth is unique in that most of the planet is covered in ___________________.
2. ___________________ due to deforestation threatens the survival of many species.
3. Can Hubble Space Telescope take photos of Earth from ___________________?
4. ___________________ affects weather patterns, causing extreme weather across the planet.
5. ___________________ on the Earth’s surfaces include oceans, rivers, streams, lakes, etc.
6. The preservation of biodiversity is essential for maintaining ___________________ in ecosystems
around the world.
7. Bears, deer, and songbirds are just a few examples of the ___________________ diverse species that
call the home.
8. The consequences of ___________________ include rising temperatures and melting ice caps.
9. Animals living in the ___________________ rely on sea ice for hunting, breeding, and resting.
10. ___________________, ranging from microscopic organisms to majestic elephants, contribute to the
diversity of life on planet Earth.
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IV. Complete the sentences with the correct tense or form of the verbs in the box.
orbit threaten launch cover appreciate
observe adjust protect affect preserve
1. On 4 October 1957, the Soviet Union ___________________ the first artificial satellite, Sputnik 1, into
orbit around the Earth.
2. Renewable energy sources offer a way to ___________________ natural resources and reduce carbon
footprint.
3. The moon ___________________ around the earth, and its gravitational pull influences tides.
4. It’s important to ___________________ coastal areas from erosions and rising sea levels.
5. Astronomers use powerful telescopes to ___________________ distant celestial bodies.
6. Overfishing ___________________ to reduce fish populations and disrupt marine food webs.
7. We should take time to ___________________ the value of Earth’s beauty and diverse ecosystems.
8. Acid rain resulting from air pollution ___________________ soil quality and freshwater ecosystems.
9. Dense forests ___________________ vast expanses of land on planet Earth, providing habitats for a
diversity of flora and fauna.
10. To ___________________ to shifts in temperature and food availability, animals tend to migrate
seasonally.
V. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
1. Protecting ________ habitats is essential for maintaining marine biodiversity.
a. forest b. polar c. ocean d. grassland
2. Farmers need to find alternatives to harmful ________ to protect the environment.
a. pesticides b. medicines c. emissions d. plants
3. Deforestation is a________ to wildlife habitats around the world.
a. benefit b. landform c. safety d. threat
4. Biodiversity is ________ for the health and resilience of ecosystems on Earth.
a. threatening b. vital c. harmful d. ecological
5. The presense of ________ can help researchers identify which animals are active in the area.
a. droppings b. chains c. reserves d. plants
6. Scientists study the ________ to understand the formation and evolution of planets.
a. natural habitat b. nature reserve
c. solar system d. global warming
7. Earth’s soil ________ nutrients that are essential for growing crops and sustaining agriculture.
a. orbits b. affects c. preserves d. provides
8. The mountain ________, the highest points of the mountain, are often covered in snow year-round.
a. ranges b. trails c. bases d. peaks
9. Reducing waste is ________ as a key step in preserving Earth’s resources.
a. supposed b. considered c. caused d. produced
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10. A(n) ________ sunset over the savannah painted the sky with brilliant colours.
a. majestic b. essential c. natural d. tropical
VI. Fill in each blank with a suitable relative pronoun.
1. The Amazon Rainforest, ________ is often called the “lungs of the Earth”, is home to numerous species
of flora and fauna.
2. Bill Clinton, ________ wife is a brilliant lawyer, became the President of the US in 1993.
3. Mrs Smith, ________ has a lot of teaching experience at junior level, will be joining the school in
September.
4. Sydney, ________ has a population of more than three million, is Australia’s largest city.
5. Darwin, ________ views changed out view of the world, travelled to a lot of countries.
6. The hijacker gave himself up to police, ________ are now questioning him.
7. We are going to see the new Tom Carter film, ________ was released on Friday.
8. Mr Sheldon, ________ has devoted his time to cleaning up beaches, helps protect the marine ecosystems.
9. Tina got very good marks in the exam, ________ pleased her parents and teachers.
10. Charles Darwin, ________ is best known for his theory of evolution, was an English biologist.
11. he endangered sea turtles, ________ nesting grounds are threatened by humans, face an uncertain
future.
12. The Himalayas, ________ peaks are known as the “Roof of the World”, are a mountain range in Asia.
VII. Make a non-defining relative clause from the two sentences.
1. Catherine ruled Russia for over 30 years. She made many important changes.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
2. The woman next door is moving next month. I met her for the first time last week.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
3. Starbucks wants to open new stores in China. It does business all over the world.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
4. The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean on the planet. It covers more than one-third of Earth’s surface.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
5. The Games International Company has just gone bankrupt. We have done business with them for many
years.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
6. Our professor of biology has written some very interesting books. I always attend her lectures.
______________________________________________________________________________________

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______________________________________________________________________________________
7. Jane has decided to volunteer in summer. It will be an interesting experience for her.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
8. Mrs. Molly discovered a new species of plant in the rainforest. She dedicated her life to environmental
research.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
9. The tigers require urgent help to prevent extinction. Their survival is threatened by habitat loss.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
10. Aboriginal Australians have a deep connection to nature. We encountered them on our travels.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
VIII. Complete each sentence with a suitable relative pronoun and a clause from the box. Make any
necessary changes.

1. The Indian Oceanis

__________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
known for its warm waters and diverse marine life.
2. Gravity is the force
_____________________________________________________________________________

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______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________.
3. The conservationist
___________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
saved countless endangered animals.
4. They’d like to visit a national park
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________.
5. A species
______________________________________________________________________________________
_
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________ is called a keystone species.
6. The Asian elephant
_____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________ is an endangered species with less than 40,000 remaining worldwide.
7. We met a biologist
_____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________ during our hiking trip.
8. Mr. Albert
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________ highlighted the urgent need for conservation efforts to protect biodiversity.
9. The regions
____________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________ are called the north and south poles.
10. The explorer
__________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________ shared fascinating stories about rare wildlife sightings.
11. Naxos
______________________________________________________________________________________
___
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________ is my favorite island.
12. My best friend
________________________________________________________________________________

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______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________ wants to become a biologist.
IX. Correct the mistakes with relative clauses or punctuation and write the sentences on the line
below.
1. The Glastonbury Festival which is held every June is the largest music festival in the world.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
2. The journalist, who work involves a huge amount of international travel, is currently in South America.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
3. The subtropical gardens, that we love to walk round, are open all year.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
4. Queensland and Victoria, who are Australian states, are named after Queen Victoria.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
5. She knew very little about the man, whom she had promised to spend the summer with.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
6. The weather is very cold at this time of year, that is why I don’t go out very much.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
7. Next Saturday, I’m going to visit my grandpa who is staying in a nursing home.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
8. There are only one or two Greek Islands, which I haven’t visited.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
9. I joined an organisation, which supports renewable energy and sustainable practices.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
10. The documentary whom director won many awards is about Earth’s flora and fauna.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
11. We’ve just bought a computer package that it teaches you how to play the piano.
______________________________________________________________________________________

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______________________________________________________________________________________
12. The swimming pool I often went to it when I was a child has been closed.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
X. Choose the best answer a, b, c, or d to complete the sentence.
1. My physics teacher, ________ I always admire, has a vast knowledge about outer space.
a. that b. which c. whose d. whom
2. My favourite holiday was the one ________ in a cottage in the mountains.
a. which spent b. that we spent it
c. we spent d. where we spent
3. She captured a photo of the bird ________ nested in the tree outside her window.
a. , whose b. who c. , which d. that
4. The coral reef ________ thrives in warm, shallow waters, supports a vast array of marine life.
a. which b. , which c. , who d. that
5. They encountered a pack of wolves ________ hunted together, preying on deer in the forest.
a. , which b. that c. who d. , who
6. Will Smith, ________ recent movies have been serious, was once considered a comic actor.
a. whose b. who c. which d. 🗶
7. The committee, ________ by the Board of Directors next week, is going to be responsible for solving the
discipline problems.
a. appointing b. be appointed
c. who is appointed d. which will be appointed
8. The polar ice caps ________ are melting at an alarming rate contribute to the rise in sea levels.
a. , that b. whose c. which d. , who
9. Please don’t waste a lot of time correcting details ________ completely inaccurate.
a. that aren’t b. that isn’t c. that they aren’t d. that it isn’t
10. What is the name of the hotel ________ you recommended I stay at when visiting Seoul?
a. what b. whom c. that d. whose
11. He’s the professor ________ classes always score well on standardized tests.
a. whose b. who c. whom d. that
12. The carnivores, ________ diet consists of meat, occupy the secondary level of the food chain.
a. whose b. that c. which d. who
13. I told my professor I’d turn in the essay at 9 o’clock, ________ means I’m going to be up all night.
a. who b. when c. that d. which
14. The book was written by his wife, Joan, ________.
a. that he married her in 1962 b. who she married him in 1962
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c. whom he married in 1962 d. he married in 1962
15. Elizabeth Cadv Sunton, ________, was one of the fesses: women's-rights activists.
a. that was born in 1815 b. whose year was 1815
c. who was born in 1815 d. which she was born in 1815
XI. Fili in each blank with a suitable preposition.
1. Predators such as lions, wolves, and eagles hunt and feed ________ other animals.
2. Forests absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and, ________ turn, release oxygen.
3. Landforms are features on the Earth’s surface that make _______ the terrain, such as mountains or
valleys.
4. Human activities like deforestation have led to a charge ________ the Earth’s climate.
5. April 12,1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first human to go ________ space.
6. Many animals rely ________ seasonal migrations for bleeding, feeding and survival.
7. Earth is the third planet ________ the sun and the only planet known to have life on it.
8. Tropical forests provide food and shelter ________ a diversity of fauna living there.
9. Nick was crazy ________ the universe after his visit to the Space Museum in Sweden.
10. Most people have wondered if there is life beyond Earth ________ space.
c. SPEAKING
I. Write questions to complete the conversations.
1. A:
______________________________________________________________________________________
___
B: Australian Savanna is one of the largest grasslands in the world.
2. A:
______________________________________________________________________________________
___
B: Australian Savanna is approximately 365.042 km2.
3. A:
______________________________________________________________________________________
___
B: Australian Savanna is primarily located in the northern parts of Australia.
4. A:
______________________________________________________________________________________
___
B: There are two seasons: wet and dry seasons in Australian Savanna.
5. A:
______________________________________________________________________________________
___
B: The weather there is mostly hot and humid.

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6. A:
______________________________________________________________________________________
___
B: Yes. the vegetation in the savanna is adapted to the seasonal climate patterns.
7. A:
______________________________________________________________________________________
___
B: Some Iconic fauna living in the savanna are kangaroos, koala, and various species of birds.
8. A:
______________________________________________________________________________________
___
B: Natural fire in the savanna is essential because it keeps the savanna healthy.
9. A:
______________________________________________________________________________________
___
B: Indigenous Australian communities have inhabited the savanna for thousands of years.
10. A:
______________________________________________________________________________________
___
B: The government has made efforts in biodiversity conservation to protect the savanna.
II. Choose the best answer to complete the conversations.
1. A: The local animal shelter is recruiting volunteers. __________________________
B: OK, I’ll think about that.
a. What do you like doing there? b. Why don’t you give it a go?
c. Do you have any free time? d. How would you do that?
2. A: How would you feel about going on a hiking trip next month? It’s going to be an amazing
adventure!
B: __________________________ I prefer more relaxed vacations.
a. Hiking isn’t really my thing. b. Alright. I’ll go with you.
c. I feel so sorry for you. d. How do I sign up for the trip?
3. A: Hey, I heard you have an exam coming up. __________________________
B: Thanks a lot.
a. Let’s study together later. b. Would you like to teach me?
c. I hope I can pass this. d. Good luck with your studies!
4. A: Can we enter this part of the forest?
B: __________________________ This is restricted area.
a. Sure. You’re always welcomed. b. No, sorry, you can’t.
c. Yes. Thank you so much. d. Of course. Be my guest.
5. A: I think you should start a vegetable garden in our backyard. You can eat fresh and organic
products.

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B: __________________________
a. That’s very rich of you to do so.
b. Your contribution will help protect the planet.
c. I’m not sure if I have the time to take care of it.
d. Why don’t you think about that?
d. READING
I. Complete the passage with words from the box.
metal hospitable exist covered
inhabited surface climate simply
Earth - our home planet - is the third planet from the Sun, and the fifth largest planet. It’s the only place we
know of (1) _____________ by living things.
While Earth is only the fifth largest planet in the solar system, it is the only world in our solar system with
liquid water on the (2) _____________. Just slightly larger than nearby Venus, Earth is the biggest of the
four planets closest to the Sun, all of which are made of rock and (3) _____________.
Earth is the only planet in the solar system whose English name does not come from Greek or Roman
mythology. The name was taken from Old English and Germanic. It (4) _____________ means “the
ground.” There are, of course, many names for our planet in the thousands of languages spoken by the
people of the third planet from the Sun.
Earth has a very (5) _____________ temperature and mix of chemicals that have made life abundant here.
Most notably, Earth is unique in that most of our planet is (6) _____________ in liquid water, since the
temperature allows liquid water to (7) _____________ for extended periods of time. Earth’s vast oceans
provided a convenient place for life to begin about 3.8 billion years ago. However, some of the features of
our planet that make it great for sustaining life are changing due to the ongoing effects of (8)
_____________ change.
II. Read the passage carefully, then do the tasks.
Polar habitats cover the top and bottom of planet Earth at the North and South Poles. The North Pole is
surrounded by the Arctic Ocean. There isn’t any land here, just a group of continually shifting ice sheets.
Parts of Canada and Greenland are near the North Pole. The South Pole is located in Antarctica. This area
has land, but it’s completely covered with a layer of ice that’s almost 3 miles thick.
The polar regions have two seasons: summer and winter. In the summer, the sun shines 24 hours a day, but
it never gets high enough above the horizon to warm things up, so even summers are pretty cold. It’s dark
all winter because the sun doesn’t rise during those months of the year. Fierce continuous winds make it
feel even colder.
It’s much too cold and dry for trees to grow in most areas of the Arctic, and there is no room for their roots,
because just under the surface of the ground there is always a layer of ice, called permafrost. You won’t
find trees in Antarctica, but some types of small shrubs, lichens, mosses, and algae are able to grow in the
harsh climate.
Polar bears and arctic foxes are adapted to the extreme weather of the Arctic region. Walruses and
humpback whales live in the Arctic ocean. Several kinds of penguins, including the emperor penguin, live
in Antarctica, and so do walruses and narwhals.
A. Decide whether the following sentences are true (T) or false (F).
1. ____ The North Pole has mainly land and the South Pole has mainly ice sheets.
2. ____ Summer in the polar habitats is hot because the sun shines 24 hours a day.
3. ____ During winter, the polar habitats are dark because there is no sun.
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4. ____ It’s often colder in the winter because of the continuous winds.
5. ____ Trees cannot grow in the South Pole, but some other types of vegetation can.
6. ____ Polar bears and penguins are the only two fauna that can get adapted to the polar habitats.
B. Choose the correct answers.
1. According to the first paragraph, the North Pole ______________.
a. includes Canada and Greenland
b. is located on Antarctica
c. has ice that’s almost three miles thick
d. has a lot of shifting ice sheets
2. The word “horizon” in paragraph 2 mostly means ______________.
a. sea level b. skyline c. ice sheet d. the Earth
3. Why can’t trees grow in the Arctic?
a. Because the permafrost prevents the roots from growing.
b. Because the sun doesn’t rise most of the time.
c. Because shrubs and lichens grow instead of trees.
d. Because the winds make the weather even colder.
4. What animal can be found in both the North and South Poles?
a. Polar bears b. Emperor penguins
c. Humpback whales d. Walruses
5. Which of the following sentences is NOT true about the polar habitats?
a. There is land covered with ice in the South Pole.
b. There are other types of penguins besides the emperor penguins in the South Pole.
c. The polar habitats have four seasons just like other parts of the world.
d. It’s cold and dry in most areas of the Arctic.
e. WRITING
I. Write sentences, using the clues given.
1. Flora and fauna/ be/ fascinating/ because/ their beauty/ significance/ human life.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
2. The Earth,/ surface/ be/ mostly water,/ be/ often/ call/ the “Blue Planet”.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
3. Forest habitats/ provide/ homes/ animals/ such/ bats/ owls/ deer/ squirrels, etc.

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______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
4. Earth/ form/ approximately/ 4.5 billion/ ago/ from/ dust and gas/ surround/ young Sun.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
5. recent years/ human activities/ remarkably/ alter/ Earth’s climate/ habitats.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
6. If/ deforestation/ continue/ many species/ lose/ their habitats/ face/ extinction.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
7. I/ wish/ humans/ prioritise/ conservation efforts/ protect/ ecosystems/ planet Earth/ the future.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
8. The oceans,/ cover/ more/ 70%/ Earth’s surface,/ play/ crucial role/ regulate/ the climate.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
9. The man/ give/ a speech/ ecological balance/ present/ be/ well-known/ Earth scientist.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
10. How many/ satellites/ NASA/ launch/ orbit/ up to the present?
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________

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______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
II. Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first.
1. The moon has fascinated humans for centuries. Its gravitational pull affects ocean tides.
→ The moon,
2. No place on Earth is as dry as the Atacama Desert of northern Chile.
→ The Atacama Desert
3. It’s upsetting that humans are destroying Earth’s habitats day by day.
→ I wish
4. These farmers started to practise sustainable agriculture five years ago.
→ These farmers have
5. The members participate in clean-up activities every week. He’s one of the members.
→ He’s
6. Let’s make a presentation on different types of landforms on Earth.
→ How
7. The koalas couldn’t escape because of the raging fire.
→ The raging fire prevented
8. “Are you attending the conference on climate change this Friday?” asked Mr Brown.
→ Mr Brown asked me
9. Don’t press that button on the keyboard, or you’ll lose what you’ve written.
→ If
10. “How long does it take to get to Mars?” Jim asked his father.
→ Jim asked
TEST FOR UNIT 10
I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
1. a. liquid b. living c. habitat d. climate
2. a. planet b. landform c. flora d. natural
3. a. landed b. orbited c. excited d. launched
4. a. geologists b. reserves c. droppings d. pesticides
5. a. moon b. flood c. shampoo d. food
II. Choose the word that has the main stress placed differently from the others.
1. a. microscopic b. ecology c. appreciate d. particular
2. a. adjust b. mankind c. observe d. vital
3. a. relation b. tropical c. essential d. specific
4. a. fertilizer b. collaborate c. significance d. adventure

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 5. a. temperate b. crucial c. engineering d. universe
III. Choose the underlined word that does not receive stress.
1. Earth is unique in the solar system because it has liquid water on its surface.
A B C D
2. Our planet’s surface is divided into different continents and oceans.
A B C D
3. The highest point on Earth is Mount Everest, located in the Himalayas.
A B C D
4. Earth is home to an incredibly diverse range of flora and fauna.
A B C D
5. Human activities have negative impacts on Earth’s ecosystems.
A B C D
6. Valleys are low-lying landforms found between mountains or hills.
A B C D
7. Landforms play a crucial role in shaping Earth’s geography and climate.
A B C D
8. Herbivores, such as deer and rabbits, eat plants as their primary food source.
A B C D
9. Examples of habitats include forests, grasslands, wetlands, deserts, and coral reefs.
A B C D
10. Studying food chains helps ecologists understand the dynamics of ecosystems.
A B C D
IV. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
1. The survival of predators in the food chain relies ____________ the availability of their preys.
a. with b. on c. under d. for
2. The satellite was launched ____________ orbit to gather data on weather patterns.
a. into b. in c. by d. from
3. Farmers use animal __________ as natural fertiliser to enrich the soil and improve crop growth.
a. dropped b. drop c. droppings d. drops
4. Penguins ____________ thrive in the freezing waters surrounding Antarctica.
a. , who are flightless birds b. that are flightless birds
c. are flightless birds d. , which are flightless birds,
5. The book ____________ describes the formation of planet Earth billion years ago.
a. , which I’m reading, b. which is reading
c. , that is read by me, d. that I’m reading
6. Deforestation can ____________ ecosystems by destroying habitats and reducing biodiversity.
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a. preserve b. cover c. harm d. observe
7. The weather forecaster said there would be heavy rain showers ____________.
a. tomorrow b. today c. the day before d. the following day
8. The Earth’s atmosphere is ____________ for protecting the planet from harmful solar radiation.
a. fascinating b. essential c. ecological d. natural
9. Technology _________ humans to explore remote regions of planet Earth over the past decade.
a. enables b. is enabling c. enabled d. has enabled
10. “There’s a beach clean-up this weekend. Why don’t we give it a go?” - “____________”
a. OK, I’ll think about that. b. I’ll go everywhere.
c. It would really help us out. d. No, I didn’t go there.
V. Write the correct form or tense of the verbs in brackets.
1. Plants __________________ (absorb) carbon dioxide during photosynthesis.
2. The Ice Age __________________ (start) about 2.6 million years ago and __________________ (shape)
many of Earth’s landforms.
3. Yuri Gagarin __________________ (become) the first person in space when
he __________________ (orbit) the Earth in a Vostok spacecraft on April 12,1961.
4. Geologists __________________ (study) the boreal forest when they __________________ (discover) a
new species of flora.
5. Jonas __________________ (take) part in many volunteer activities to combat deforestation recently.
6. __________________ (you/ ever/ wonder) what it would be like to live on the moon?
7. I hope that the government __________________ (have) stricter rules to preserve Earth’s natural
habitats.
8. At the moment I __________________ (discuss) the melting of polar ice caps due to global warming
with my classmates.
9. It’s always fascinating __________________ (observe) the diverse ecosystems of planet Earth.
10. The centripetal force keeps the planets __________________ (move) in their orbits.
VI. Write the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. The __________________ of planet Earth lies in its ability to host a vast diversity of species.
(significant)
2. The excessive use of chemical __________________ can lead to environmental problems. (fertilize)
3. Biodiversity plays an important role in preserving __________________ balance. (ecology)
4. The research conducted by __________________ can help understand Earth’s structure. (geology)
5. The __________________ habitat is home to unique species like Arctic foxes or seals. (pole)
6. Rising sea levels __________________ coastal communities and ecosystems with increased flooding
and erosion. (threat)
7. Environmental education is __________________ crucial for raising awareness about protecting our
Earth. (vital)
8. Satellite __________________ helps track environmental changes on Earth. (observe)
9. Clean water is proved to be __________________ for all life forms on Earth. (essence)
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10. Earth’s position in the __________________ system influences its climate and environment. (sun)
VII. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the
following sentences.
1. Mangrove forests, that (A) are found along tropical coastlines, offer (B) protection from (C) storms and
shelter for fish (D).
2. Some of the methods used (A) in advertising is (B) unethical and unacceptable in (C) today’s (D)
society.
3. Caves host unique ecosystems that can (A) get adapted with (B) life in the absence (C) of sunlight (D).
4. Astronaut candidates whose (A) are in (B) their 30s and 40s can apply to (C) become a (D)NASA
astronaut.
5. Each live thing (A) on Earth plays (B) an important role in (C) contributing to (D)the balance and
resilience of the planet.
6. Climate change (A) poses a threaten to (B) the habitats of countless (C) wildlife species worldwide (D).
7. The Arctic fox, who (A) thick fur helps it against (B) freezing temperatures (C), lives in the harsh
conditions of the polar regions (D).
8. Coral reefs suffered (A) from bleaching events caused by (B) rising (C) ocean temperatures in these (D)
recent years.
9. Even though (A) Mercury is the closest planet to (B) the Sun, it is not actually (C) the hotter (D).
10. Pesticides which are (A) frequently applied incorrect (B) may lead to (C) contamination of soil
and water sources (D).
VIII. Complete the conversation with the sentences from the box (A - F).

Maria: I’m preparing a presentation on threats to Earth’s flora and fauna. (1) ___________________
Harry: Hmm... There are threats caused by human activities such as habitat loss and pollution.
Maria: Habitat loss seems to be a major issue. (2) ___________________
Harry: Exactly! (3) ___________________
Maria: You’re right. And what about pollution? (4) ___________________
Harry: I recommend you give examples of plastic pollution in our oceans, and how birds and
mammals are being affected by oil spills.
Maria: OK, I’ll think about it. (5) ___________________

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Harry: A lot of things to do. However, as a student we should support conservation efforts through
donations or volunteering.
Maria: Good idea! (6) ___________________
Harry: That’s right. I think your presentation is complete now.
Maria: Thanks for your help.
IX. Choose the correct answers to complete the passage.
There are possibly billions of different species of plants, animals, bacteria, and other (1) ________ things
throughout the world - but we’ve only documented about two million of them. (2) ________ of these
known and unknown species have uncertain futures though. Climate change, pollution, poaching, and
habitat (3) ________ change the number of plant and animal species (4) ________ live in a habitat, known
as declining biodiversity.
Due in part to declining biodiversity, almost one-third of Earth’s animals are (5) ________ risk of (6)
________, according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature.
By preventing the decline of biodiversity, you can help keep Earth safe. Some animals such as sharks are
especially important to (7) ________. Scientists call these animals (8) ________ species because they’re
the key to keeping whole ecosystems healthy. So if you save animals like sharks, you protect other critters.
1. a. lived b. lively c. living d. liveable
2. a. Much b. Any c. Many d. None
3. a. management b. conservation c. quality d. destruction
4. a. they b. what c. whose d. which
5. a. on b. at c. in d. with
6. a. loss b. survival c. ruin d. extinction
7. a. protect b. harm c. hunt d. connect
8. a. keystone b. keychain c. keyhole d. keyboard
X. Read the text and do the tasks.
HABITAT LOSS
A hundred years ago, jaguars ranged from the southwestern United States to Argentina, in South America.
Today their territory has shrunk by more than half, and they live mostly in the Amazon rainforest. And
jaguars aren’t the only animals losing their homes - according to the International Union for Conservation
of Nature, habitat loss is the main threat to about 85 percent of all endangered plant and animal species.
Tropical rainforests cover only about 7 percent of Earth’s land, but they’re home to an estimated half of all
known plant and animal species. Most experts agree that about 80,000 acres disappear every day when trees
are cut down for lumber and land is cleared for farms. Trees also play an important role in absorbing the
carbon dioxide that contributes to climate change. Fewer forests means that more greenhouse gases remain
trapped in the atmosphere.
Grasslands, underwater habitats, and wetlands are also at risk of habitat loss. For instance, the World
Wildlife Fund estimates that about half of the world’s wetlands have disappeared in the last hundred years
due to being drained for farmland or other industries. That means less space for animals to feed, breed, and
raise their young.
Finding a balance between what humans and animals need will help prevent habitat destruction. Some
scientists think that if we put aside half of Earth’s land and water for nature, we could save up to 90
percent of all species. In the meantime, your everyday actions can build a better planet.
A. Decide whether the following sentences are true (T) or false (F).
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1. ____ The jaguar is one of the many animals affected by habitat loss.
2. ____ Today, half of the United States is home to the jaguar.
3. ____ Tropical rainforests, which take up most of Earth’s land, provide shelter for many species.
4. ____ Trees play an important role in reducing climate change by absorbing CO2.
5. ____ The practice of agriculture contributes to the destruction of many habitats.
6. ____ Animals won’t have space to feed and bread if there is no farmland.
7. ____ To prevent habitat loss, humans must maintain the balance between plants and animals.
8. ____ 90% of species could be saved if humans put 50% of Earth’s land and water for natural
preservation.
B. Choose the correct answer.
1. According to paragraph 1, the jaguar ____________.
a. mainly lived in the Amazon Rainforest 100 years ago
b. is a threat to about 85% of flora and fauna
c. is an example of a rare animal in the Amazon Rainforest
d. has lost more than half of its territory
2. What is happening to the tropical rainforests?
a. They cover only 7% of Earth’s land.
b. Many of their trees are cut down to save land for human activities.
c. They trap a lot of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
d. 80,000 acres of tropical rainforests have disappeared.
3. How does habitat loss affect wildlife animals?
a. Animals have to live on farmland created by humans.
b. Animals are disappearing because there are no grasslands and wetlands.
c. Animals don’t have places to feed, bread, and raise their young.
d. Animals are facing threats from humans’ industries.
4. The word “put aside” in paragraph 4 means ____________.
a. reserve b. adjust c. affect d. collect
5. Which of the following statements is mentioned in the text?
a. The World Wildlife Fund released data about the disappearance of animals.
b. Many of Earth’s habitats are now used as farms and greenhouses.
c. Each individual can save 90% of all species through their daily actions.
d. Habitat loss can result in many animals and plants becoming endangered.
XI. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the
word in capitals.
1. We were on our way home when we saw an elephant crossing the highway. (GOING)
→ While

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2. The children are always fascinated by wildlife documentaries. (FIND)
→ The children
3. The cheetah is the fastest land animal on Earth. Its speed can reach up to 70 mph. (WHOSE)
→ The cheetah
4. The polar regions aren’t warm enough for trees to grow into dense forests. (TOO)
→ The polar regions
5. “Can you imagine how life on a planet without plants would be?” she said to me. (IF)
→ She asked me
6. She is reading a book. The book is about the first Asian to travel into space. (WHICH)
→ The book
7. It’s a pity we don’t have any clean-up activities in our neighbourhood. (WISH)
→ I
8. If the government doesn’t take action, half of the rainforest will disappear soon. (UNLESS)
→ Half of the rainforest
9. “You shouldn’t use plastic products all the time,” I said to Anna. (NOT)
→ I suggested
10. The rainforest is more biodiverse than the desert. (AS)
→ The desert
UNIT 11.
ELECTRONIC DEVICES
A. PHONETICS
I. Write each sentence in the suitable box, according to the stress pattern.
I know! Don't cry! Good morning! Drive safely!
Help me! Keep moving! Speak loudly! Stay there!
OO
OOo
II. Write the stress pattern for each sentence.
Ex: Hang on! - OO
1. Smile often. 2. Get up!
3. Don’t touch! 4. Eat slowly!
5. Keep swimming! 6. Don’t move!
7. Who cares? 8. Be patient!
B. VOCABULARY and GRAMMAR
I. Match the verb or phrasal verb with its definition.
1. portable a. created by computer technology and appearing to exist, but not existing

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 in the real world
2. touchscreen b. fashionable and attractive
3. virtual c. a screen on a computer, phone, etc. that allows you to give instructions to
the device by touching areas on it
4. wireless d. a piece of paper that gives you information or advertises something
5. stylish e. light and small enough to be easily carried or moved
6. aluminum f. a painting, etc. that you do of yourself
7. camcorder g. a light, silver-colored metal, used for making cooking equipment and
aircraft parts
8. self-portrait h. not using wires
9. leaflet i. made of thinner material and less heavy than usual
10. lightweight j. a video camera that records pictures and sound and that can be carried
around
Your answers:
1. ___ 2. ___ 3. ___ 4. ___ 5. ___ 6. ___ 7. ___ 8. ___ 9. ___ 10. ___
II. Complete the sentences with the words in part I.
1. This camera phone allows users to capture a high-quality ________________ of themselves.
2. The museum offer ________________ tours on the website for people from all over the world.
3. This laptop is ________________, so it’s suitable for students to carry to school every day.
4. With the ________________, you can use the map to explore the area, zoom in and out of
neighborhoods and discover local attractions.
5. People who love camping absolutely need a(n) ________________ grill, which they can bring anywhere
they go.
6. The thin and ________________ design of the new smartphone makes it stand out among other
electronic devices.
7. The most obvious advantage of a(n) ________________ mouse is that you don’t have to deal with
tangled or twisted cords.
8. We’re not allowed to use the ________________ to film the performance inside the concert hall.
9. This saucepan is made of ________________, which helps it heat up fast and distribute heat evenly.
10. Whenever my mum goes to the supermarket, she picks up a(n) ________________ to check for
discounted products.
III. Complete the sentences with the verb from the box.
navigate block assemble take shoot
collaborate type suck prolong scan
1. That group will ________________ their first music video using iPhone 14 Pro.
2. Nowaways you can even ________________ your important documents with a smartphone.
3. The big touchscreen of this tablet allows the elderly to ________________ on easily.
4. The powerful vacuum cleaner can effortlessly ________________ up dirt from the carpet.
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5. With the help of advanced electronic devices, pilots can ________________ through the skies.
6. They delivered the bookshelves in separate parts, and we had to ________________ them.
7. Companies now rely on virtual meetings to ________________ with partners from different locations.
8. Reducing screen brightness can help ________________ battery life on smartphones.
9. She’s looking for a pair of earbuds that are able to ________________ out background noise.
10. Most students think that it’s faster to ________________ notes on a tablet than on paper.
IV. Underline the correct option.
1. The robotic vacuum cleaner / pet feeder helps you save time and effort spending on housework.
2. Copper / Plastic fibers, such as polyester or nylon, are used in clothing to add durability and stretch.
3. Cardboard / Steel is often used in DIY projects because it’s easy to cut and shape.
4. The e-reader /smartwatch is wearable and can notify incoming calls or text messages.
5. They decided to replace the wooden fence with a steel / plastic one for better durability.
6. With the help of a camcorder / 3D printer, we can produce actual models from their digital designs.
7. She downloaded a classic novel to her e-reader / music player to enjoy during her daily commute.
8. Familiar products like erasers, tires, and boots are all made of iron / rubber.
9. Copper / Cardboard is an excellent conductor of electricity, making it ideal for electrical wiring in
buildings.
10. Whenever I go for a run, I carry my portable camcorder / music player with me to listen to my favourite
playlist.
V. Choose the best answer a, b, c, or d to complete the sentence.
1. ________________ is widely used for packaging products, including shipping boxes, cartons, and
containers.
a. Rubber b. Plastic c. Cardboard d. Steel
2. She programmed the smart ________________ to gradually open and close as the sun rose and set.
a. window shade b. 3D printer c. e-reader d. smartwatch
3. I always cover the webcam to protect my ________________ when using my laptop.
a. style b. touchscreen c. leaflet d. privacy
4. To ensure your ________________ could record the whole event, don’t forget to buy extra memory
cards.
a. music player b. camcorder c. vacuum cleaner d. smartwatch
5. The ________________ showroom let customers explore products in 3D before purchasing.
a. virtual b. portable c. wireless d. digital
6. This special app helps ________________ users’ daily activities for productivity tracking.
a. suck b. break c. print d. record
7. We use social media to stay ________________ with friends and family around the world.
a. stylish b. effective c. connected d. wired
8. The gaming console is expensive because it offers ________________ graphics and smooth gameplay.

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a. quality-high b. quality-low c. high-quality d. low-quality
9. The concert is 3-hour long, so I’ve decided to ________________ a portable charger with me.
a. carry b. follow c. navigate d. interact
10. The company has introduced an incredibly ________________ laptop, making it perfect for frequent
travellers.
a. wireless b. lightweight c. virtual d. private
VI. Write sentences using suggest/ advise/ recommend + V-ing or suggest/ advise/ recommend + clause
with should.
1. I/ suggest/ buy/ microwave oven/ for/ heat up leftovers.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
2. I/ advise/ Conor/ get/ robotic vacuum cleaner/ to clean/ his big living room.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
3. We/ recommend/ customers/ update/ their software/ regularly.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
4. My friends/ advise/ find/ portable fan/ which/ suitable/ outdoor activities.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
5. His father/ suggested/ he/ read more books/ software engineering.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
6. They/ recommended/ use/ Bluetooth speaker/ in order/ hear/ music/ more loudly.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
7. The host/ suggested/ exchange student/ purchase/ electric blanket/ winter.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
8. The staff/ advised/ install/ smart light bulbs/ controlled/ by smartphone.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
9. I/ recommend/ my friend/ invest/ Wi-Fi extender/ to improve/ internet connection.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
10. My neighbours/ suggest/ consider/ security camera system/ my new house.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
VII. Supply the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1. Jenny expected her new phone _________________ (have) a better camera than her old one.

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2. She avoids _________________ (charge) her devices overnight so as not to damage the battery.
3. Do you mind _________________ (pass) me the remote control for the TV over there?
4. She wants _________________ (try) different photo editing apps for her Instagram posts.
5. We recommend _________________ (use) electric scooters as an eco-friendly option.
6. The new laptop seem _________________ (be) faster than the previous model.
7. Is it worth _________________ (spend) money on a high-quality antivirus software?
8. The parental controls allow parents _________________ (monitor) their children’s screen time.
9. I suggested _________________ (update) the phone software regularly for better security.
10. He needs _________________ (stop) downloading so many unnecessary apps that take up his phone’s
storage.
VIII. Each sentence has a mistake. Underline the mistake and correct it.
1. Tracey recommended that I must attend a workshop on digital security.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
2. Our teacher suggested to back up our important files and documents regularly.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
3. Patrick enjoys to use his e-reader as he doesn’t have to carry physical books.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
4. I’d advise Anna switches to a wireless keyboard for more freedom of movement.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
5. I suggest you to find a reliable repair service for your damaged laptop.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
6. At my school they encourage all students reducing their screen time.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
7. The director would like organising a technology workshop to teach basic digital skills.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
8. Her friend suggested to upgrading her home Wi-Fi network for faster internet speeds.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
9. His parents made him to delete all social media apps before his final exams.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
10. I advised that we would participate in an electronic recycling programme.

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______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
IX. Choose the best answer a. b, c, or d to complete the sentence.
1. Digital cameras allow amateur photographers __________________ high-quality images easily.
a. taking b. take c. should take d. to take
2. The shop assistant suggested that I __________________ a portable charger for my new phone.
a. bought b. would buy c. buy d. buying
3. How about __________________ wireless headphones or earbuds to listen to music while jogging?
a. get b. you get c. to get d. getting
4. GPS devices have made it easier for people __________________ their way in unfamiliar places.
a. find b. to find c. find d. should find
5. The police advise __________________ dash cams in the cars to record everything that happens on the
road.
a. to Install b. installing c. install d. will install
6. Manufacturers have promised __________________ their products in cardboard packaging for eco-
friendly purposes.
a. to pack b. pack c. they pack d. packing
7. The customer chosethe smart fridge as he preferred __________________ everything with a
touchscreen.
a. using - controlling b. to use - control
c. use - to control d. to use - to control
8. I’m not sure whethera robotic vacuum cleaner, so Mary recommended __________________ hers for a
week.
a. I purchase - I lend b. purchasing – lending
c. to purchase – lending d. to purchase - to lend
9. Although they don’t want __________________ too much on technology, they find it impossible their
smartphones.
a. to rely - not to touch b. relying - not touching
c. to rely - to touch d. relying – touching
10. Since Emma enjoys __________________ movies on Netflix, her friend recommended shea smart TV.
a. watching – buying b. to watch - should buy
c. watching - should buy d. to watch - buying
X. Fill in each blank with a suitable preposition.
1. With its big touchscreen, you can effortlessly type ________ the tablet.
2. The smartphone puts a world of information and entertainment ________ your fingertips.
3. Smartwatches are often used ________ tracking fitness activities and receiving notifications.
4. Thanks to technology, you can interact ________ people from around the world in real time.
5. Plastic can be shaped ________ many different forms to suit various needs and applications.
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6. I’ve enjoyed taking photos ________ everything since I bought this Samsung.
7. You can manage your money ________ using budgeting apps on your smartphone.
8. The noise-canceling headphones can block ________ distractions and help you focus.
9. The first electronic television system was demonstrated ________ 1927.
10. The lightweight design ________ the e-reader makes it perfect for reading while travelling.
c. SPEAKING
I. Choose the best answer to complete the conversations.
1. A: I explained the new software features during the meeting. Do you follow what I said?
B: ________________ Could you explain one more time, please?
a. Is everything okay here? b. I apologise for everything.
c. OK. I got what you mean. d. I’m sorry. I don’t quite understand.
2. A: Digital technology can be the teacher of the future.
B: ________________ It can support the learning process but cannot replace the role of the teacher.
a. I don’t think so. b. Not at all. c. Sure. d. No worries.
3. A: ________________, you want me to submit the assignment by Friday, is it correct?
B: Yes, that’s correct.
a. Let me think about it b. So just to clarify
c. You’re welcome d. You follow along
4. A: Could you help me set up the new email system? I don’t quite follow the steps.
B: ________________
a. Can’t you speak more slowly?
b. Thanks for checking my understanding.
c. Sure. Let’s go over it together.
d. Does everything make sense so far?
5. A: Always turn off and unplug the washing machine before you start cleaning it.
B: ________________ Thank you.
a. I’ll try my best. b. OK, I got it.
c. I don’t follow you. d. OK, I’ll think about that.
II. Complete the conversation with the sentences from the box.
Oh really? Totally agree! If I have to choose one,
It's good to know that How cool! Actually,
Matthew: What are you reading?
Laura: An article about some breakthrough inventions of the 20th and 21st centuries.
Matthew: Cool. What invention is very important to you?
Laura: (1) __________________________________ it will be my smartphone.
Matthew: (2) __________________________________ What brand is it?
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Laura: It’s the latest model of iPhone. It’s light and very stylish. It runs smoothly and even has a
special camera feature so that I can take great photos of myself.
Matthew: (3) __________________________________ Do you think you can live without your
smartphone?
Laura: (4) __________________________________ I don’t use my phone that much. I only use it in
my free time to check notifications and chat with my friends.
Matthew: (5) __________________________________ you’re not addicted to your phone. Electronic
devices are convenient, but we also rely on them too much.
Laura: (6) __________________________________ They should be treated as tools to make our life
more comfortable.
Matthew: Exactly!
d. READING
I. Complete the passage with words from the box.
interact popular security away
real-time alone benefits sense
Cat cameras, also known as pet cameras, have become increasingly (1) _____________ among pet owners,
offering a unique way to monitor and (2) _____________ with your fur babies when you are away from
home. Beyond convenience, these devices provide significant (3) _____________ for your cat’s mental
health and keep them safe and happy at home.
Cat cameras alleviate separation anxiety and feelings of loneliness that cats may experience when they are
home (4) _____________. By watching your cat through the pet camera and speaking to them with two-
way audio, you can provide reassurance and a (5) _____________ of companionship. This constant
connection helps them feel less anxious and more secure, enhancing their mental well-being.
Cat cameras may also offer an added layer of home (6) _____________, ensuring your cat’s safety and
well-being. With motion detection and (7) _____________ alert features, you’d receive notifications when
there is unusual activity in your home. This not only protects your furry friend but also provides peace of
mind, knowing that you can keep a watchful eye on your cat and your living space, even when you’re (8)
_____________.
II. Read the passage carefully, then do the tasks.
With millions of jobs set to be replaced by changes in technology, we may not be able to stop the rise of
robots and automation. The robots are coming. We can see the enormous strides that technology makes
each year and the jobs taken over by automation. Yes, believe it or not, there really are robots performing
surgeries on humans. Robot-assisted surgery can give surgeons more precise control over their instruments
and an improved view of what they are doing.
Computer systems are becoming incredibly good at performing multi-faceted tasks. Take autonomous cars
which can be classified as robotic vehicles. Driving would fit all the criteria for a complicated task that
only humans should be able to perform, yet we have autonomous cars increasingly racking up the miles
collision free. In the game-playing arena, we are seeing machines beat the previously unbeatable
professional players and generally encroaching on skills that once belonged to humans alone. All these
technologies eventually can be integrated into robots. Are we close to the tipping point where humans
become redundant in many sectors?
According to a recent survey, four million jobs in the British private sector could be replaced by robots in
the next decade. That would impact on 15 percent of the current workforce and would have much the same
impact in Ireland. Of course, new opportunities will come along, particularly ones which require
strong cognitive and social skills, but this really means that people will have to become more human.
A. Match the bold words or phrases in the text with their definitions.
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1. having many different aspects _________________
2. combined with _________________
3. gaining _________________
4. relating to the processes of thinking and reasoning _________________
5. appear _________________
6. standards _________________
7. important positive developments _________________
8. taking more control _________________
B. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
1. ____ We cannot put a stop on technology innovation.
2. ____ Robotic systems can help surgeons increase precision.
3. ____ Computer systems are only capable of carrying out multiple simple tasks.
4. ____ Driving task is so complex that it can’t be performed by an autonomous vehicle.
5. ____ Self-driving cars can travel miles without accident.
6. ____ People in many sectors have lost their jobs because of automation.
7. ____ In the next ten years, robots could take over four million jobs in the British private sector.
8. ____ In the future, people will just do the jobs that require strong cognitive and social skills.
C. Choose the best answers.
1. What is one advantage of robot-assisted surgery?
a. It performs surgeries instead of surgeons.
b. It controls the instruments for surgeons.
c. It helps surgeons with multi-faceted tasks.
d. It gives the surgeons an improved view.
2. According to the passage, robots in game-playing arena ____________.
a. win by stealing other players’ skills
b. can’t learn skills that once belonged to humans
c. even beat professional human players
d. are generally unbeatable
3. What jobs can human do better than robots?
a. Jobs that require strong cognitive and social skills.
b. Jobs that become more human.
c. Jobs that impact on 15% of the current workforce.
d. Jobs that can be replaced by robots.
e. WRITING
I. Write sentences, using the clues given.
1. online tutorials/ the 3D printer/ I/ how to use/ exploring/ to learn/ suggested/ more about
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______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
2. for students/ invest more/ electronic devices/ Schools/ to purchase and maintain/ may need to
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
3. unnecessary weight/ the smartphone/ durability/ of/ without/ The aluminium frame/ provides/ adding.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
4. modern classrooms/ electronic devices/ in/ Nowadays/ popular/ more and more/ are becoming.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
5. the laptop/ the bottom of/ prevents/ on/ it/ Rubber padding/ from/ on/ slipping/ smooth surfaces.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
6. teachers/ be replaced/ Some experts/ would never/ said that/ by educational robots.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
7. challenging/ Creating robotic teachers/ that/ all job demands/ can meet/ might be.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
8. frequent traveller/ We/ a/ recommend/ is/ Peter/ he/ buy/ since/ a/ lightweight laptop
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
9. by 2040/ household chores/ thanks to/ According to futurologists,/ robots, drones and AI/ 90 per cent of/
will be automated.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
10. we/ cook/ In the next 20 years/ appear/virtual chefs/ as holograms/ will see/ every step of the way/ to
help us.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
II. Write the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first.
1. “It’s advisable to download this educational app to improve English speaking skills.”
→ The teacher recommended
2. Robert Pattinson visited our school last week. He played Edward in the Twilight films.
→ Robert Pattinson

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3. When did Caroline start to use the robotic vacuum cleaner?
→ How long
4. I sent you a postcard that was written on the summit of Ben Nevis.
→ The postcard
5. The man was jogging in the park when his smartwatch notified an incoming call.
→ While
6. “How about doing online shopping so that we can save time and energy?”.
→ Ann suggested we
7. You’ll lose your work unless you save it before closing the word-processing program.
→ If
8. Is Saturday morning school compulsory in your country?
→ Do students
9. “Are you going to buy a new e-reader next month?”
→ Andy asked me
10. This high-end tablet was too expensive for me to buy.
→ I didn’t have enough
TEST FOR UNIT 11
I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
1. a. durable b. suck c. unwanted d. rubber
2. a. aluminium b. laptop c. tablet d. case
3. a. replaced b. scanned c. typed d. blocked
4. a. electronic b. copper c. camcorder d. privacy
5. a. relaxation b. assemble c. self-portrait d. flexibility
II. Choose the word that has the main stress placed differently from the others.
1. a. wireless b. touchscreen c. prolong d. cardboard
2. a. content b. hands-on c. virtual d. facilitate
3. a. interactive b. collaborate c. effectively d. replacement
4. a. diagram b. assemble c. vacuum d. portable
5. a. supply b. cany7 c. control d. connect
III. Write each sentence in the suitable box, according to the stress pattern.
Call me! Be kind. Dress warmly! Cook dinner.
Sleep well. Run faster! Say sorry! Stay calm!
OO
OOo
IV. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
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1. It’s challenging to type ______________ this tiny smartphone keyboard with large fingers.
a. in b. at c. with d. on
2. The laptop’s lightweight and compact design makes it highly ______________ for travel.
a. portable b. wireless c. virtual d. durable
3. She used a Bluetooth tripod to take a ______________ in front of the scenic river.
a. self-photo b. portrait selfie c. self-portrait d. photo self
4. Some headphones feature ______________ ear cups for lightweight and comfortable wear.
a. plastic b. steel c. cardboard d. iron
5. My mobile phone, ______________ I lost on the train last week, had all my contacts on it.
a. whose b. that c. which d. 🗶
6. My doctor advised I ______________ my heart rate and overall health with a fitness tracker.
a. monitored b. must monitor c. monitor d. be monitoring
7. What is the name of the hotel ______________ when visiting Seoul?
a. which recommended staying at b. where you recommend I stay at
c. that you recommened me staying d. you recommended I stay at
8. My friend suggested ______________ a projector so that we could watch movies at the hotel.
a. to bring b. bringing
c. that should bring d. I brought
9. She’s looking for a handheld vacuum cleaner that can ______________ pet hair with ease.
a. block out b. suck up c. shut down d. back up
10. “To turn your iPhone on, press and hold the side button until the Apple logo appears on the screen.
______________” - “I see.”
a. Got it? b. Spot on! c. That’s right? d. Is this it?
V. Write the correct form or tense of the verbs in brackets.
1. Millions of people _____________________ (download) the app since it was released.
2. Robots, drones and AI ___________________ (carry out) 90 per cent of household chores by 2040.
3. I _____________________ (run) out of storage space on my phone, so I needed to delete some old
photos.
4. Can I borrow your e-reader? ~ Sorry. It _____________________ (charge) on the desk now.
5. Neither his children nor his wife _____________________ (go) to Bali with him next week.
6. Despite the popularity of online programs, online-only students tend _____________________
(struggle) more than those in face-to-face courses.
7. As a director, my mother _____________________ (check) her email multiple times a day.
8. My laptop suddenly _____________________ (freeze) while I _____________________ (browse) the
web.
9. He said that he often _____________________ (lose) his earbuds while running.

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10. The organizer advised _____________________ (not leave) early in order to take part In the grand
prize drawing.
VI. Write the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. Digital technology can never be the teacher of the future but it will be the teacher’s
_____________________. (assist)
2. Smart vacuum cleaners can be controlled _____________________ via smartphone apps. (remote)
3. My smartphone has a _____________________ mode feature that ensures my personal data remains
secure. (privacy)
4. When my old phone broke, I looked for a _____________________ with better camera features and
battery life. (replace)
5. Voice commands allow users to _____________________ with their smart home devices. (interactive)
6. Her Job requires a lot of _____________________ as she often needs to adapt to sudden changes in
project deadlines. (flexible)
7. The camcorder has a _____________________ connectivity which makes It easy to transfer videos to
other devices. (wire)
8. The phone case has a _____________________ design with a steel frame and rubber edges. (style)
9. After a long day at school, I use my tablet for _____________________ by streaming my favourite
shows. (relax)
10. These earbuds can _____________________ remove many of (lie outside noises. (effect)
11. With a rubberized exterior, the portable Bluetooth speaker can ensure _____________________ against
accidental drops. (durable)
12. Once the smartwatch _____________________ to your phone, you can receive calls and control your
music playlist. (connection)
VII. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the
following sentences.
1. The tour guide recommended (A) tourists can carry (B) a power bank to ensure (C) their phones stay
charged (D).
2. In the future, students will be (A) able to choose whether to go (B) to school or stay at (C) home
and following (D) the lessons online.
3. We’ve already updated (A) the software on our smart TV, so (B) now it runs (C) much smoothly (D).
4. Children who’s (A) parents spend time with them (B) and take an interest in (C) their education tend to
do (D) better in school.
5. Frank Zappa, that (A) was one of the most creative artists (B) in (C) rock’n roll, came from (D)
California.
6. The bookstore did not (A) have the book on (B) Al technology that (C) I needed it (D) for my project.
7. She said (A) that her computer needed to be upgraded (B) at the moment (C) as it was (D) so slow.
8. One of my best friends were (A) awarded a full scholarship to (B) Harvard, which (C) is one of the most
prestigious universities in (D) the world.
9. Some students have found it easier (A) to participate from remote (B) classes without the (C)
social pressures of (D) a physical classroom.
10. Experts suggest to use (A) a screen protector (B) and a sturdy case to protect (C) the tablet from (D)
scratches and damages.
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VIII. Complete the conversation with the sentences from the box (A - G).

Alice: Hey Jake, have you noticed how much technology has changed in our classrooms over the past
few years?
Jake: Absolutely! (1) ______________________________________________________________
Alice: Do you remember when we used to cam- around piles of textbooks?
Jake: I do! (2) ______________________________________________________________
Alice: And the interactive whiteboard! Thanks to it, lessons are more interesting.
Jake: (3) ______________________________________________________________
Alice: How can teachers effectively use electronic devices for teaching and learning?
Jake: (4) ______________________________________________________________
Alice: What about the disadvantages in letting students use smart devices?
Jake: (5) ______________________________________________________________
Alice: Your’re right Do you think online education will replace classroom education?
Jake: (6) ______________________________________________________________
Alice: Me neither, I’d prefer studying face-to-face.
Jake: (7) ______________________________________________________________
IX. Choose the correct answers to complete the passage.
SMART REFRIGERATOR
A smart refrigerator (1) _________________ advanced technologies and internet connectivity to the basic
functions of a fridge. It does more than just keep your food fresh. It also includes many innovative (2)
_________________ to make home and kitchen life easier and more efficient.
One key functionality that smart refrigerators have is monitoring your food supply. Imagine (3)
_________________ in the morning and receiving a (4) _________________ that you’re running low on
milk. Then, you open the smart fridge app and add milk to your shopping list or have it delivered later that
day.
Smart refrigerators can also learn your preferences and habits over time. By analyzing the data it collects —
such as the types of food you (5) _________________ store and consume — your smart refrigerator can
assemble custom-made shopping recommendations or even suggest recipes based (6) _________________
the ingredients you have on hand.

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You can leave digital notes for your family members, display your calendar, or even stream music (7)
_________________ you're in the kitchen using its touchscreen display. Your fridge becomes a central
communication and organization point so everyone can stay (8) _________________ and on top of daily
tasks.
1. a. replaces b. collaborates c. combines d. prolongs
2. a. features b. leaflets c. cases d. desktops
3. a. blocking out b. logging out c. waking up d. picking up
4. a. text b. diagram c. new's d. notification
5. a. frequently b. effectively c. privately d. directly
6. a. with b. on c. in d. at
7. a. because b. although c. unless d. while
8. a. connection b. connecting c. connectivity d. connected
X. Read the text carefully, then choose the correct answers.
The use of digital devices such as tablets and laptops has revolutionized the way students learn in the 21st
century These devices have become an integral part of the modern classroom, replacing traditional paper-
based materials and changing the way teachers deliver their lessons. They offers several benefits for both
teachers and students.
Firstly, digital devices are highly portable, allowing students to take their learning materials with them
wherever they go. This is particularly useful for students who have to travel long distances to attend school
or for those who need to study on the go.
Digital devices also offer a wealth of interactive resources that are not available in traditional textbooks.
Videos, animations, and simulations can be used to help students understand complex concepts, while
quizzes and games can be used to reinforce learning and make it more engaging.
Another significant advantage of digital devices is the ability to access a vast range of online resources.
Students can access educational websites, e-books, and online courses from anywhere in the world,
providing them with a more comprehensive and up-to-date understanding of the subject matter. Teachers
can also use digital devices to connect with other educators around the world, sharing resources and
collaborating on lesson plans.
While they offer students access to a wealth of interactive resources and educational materials, there is also
the potential for distractions and technical problems. With the right approach, digital devices can be a
valuable tool for modern learners, providing them with the skills and knowledge they need to succeed in the
digital age.
1. What is the topic of the passage?
a. How laptops and tablets have changed the way students learn.
b. Advantages and disadvantages of digital devices.
c. Future of digital devices in modern classrooms.
d. The benefits of digital devices in classrooms.
2. According to the first passage, digital devices _________________.
a. completely replace teachers b. are a necessity in modern classrooms
c. are only beneficial to students d. include tablets and paper materials
3. The word “a wealth of” in paragraph 3 mostly means _________________.

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a. few of b. some of c. most of d. a large amount of
4. According to paragraph 3, what is one disadvantage of traditional textbooks?
a. There are many complex concepts. b. They offer interactive resources.
c. They lack videos and animations. d. Traditional games are not available.
5. The word “comprehensive” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _________________.
a. limited b. specific c. complete d. wide
6. How can teachers make use of digital devices?
a. They can access educational websites wherever they are.
b. They can use digital devices for up-to-date resources.
c. They can improve their ability to access online resources.
d. They can exchange their resources with other teachers worldwide.
7. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
a. The way students learn has affected the use of digital devices.
b. Distractions and technical problems are some disadvantages of digital devices.
c. The portability of digital devices is what makes it advantageous.
d. Students can acquire good skills and knowledge if they use digital devices properly.
XI. Write the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word in
capitals.
1. Professor Marshall has just retired. He taught US linguistics at Cambridge University. (WHO)
→ Professor Marshall
2. “Why don’t you choose a set of Bluetooth headphones?” (SHOULD)
→ Anna suggested
3. She’d like to buy a robotic vacuum cleaner. It can be controlled by smartphone. (WHICH)
→ She’d
4. This country has high youth unemployment in comparision with other European countries. (THAN)
→ This country has
5. Marcus started wearing this smartwatch when he took up exercising. (SINCE)
→ Marcus
6. Do you own this brand new iPhone? (YOURS)
→ Is
7. Penny jumped out of the way so she wasn’t hit by the falling branch. (AVOID)
→ Penny
8. What a shame! My laptop doesn’t have enough storage space for my files. (MORE)
→ I wish
9. “You should buy devices from popular stores to ensure the quality.” (BUYING)
→ Experts recommended

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10. “Are you thinking of buying a new laptop?” I asked her. (WHETHER)
→ I
UNIT 12.
CAREER CHOICE
A. PHONETICS
I. Draw a suitable arrow (🡮 or ↗) or next to each sentence. Then read the sentences aloud
1. Sarah: I want to become a surgeon in the future. (_____)
Ann: You want to become a surgeon in the future? (_____) Nice!
2. Michael: Being a doctor requires good hand-eye coordination. (_____)
Lily: It requires good hand-eye coordination? (_____) How tough!
3. Pamela: My colleagues are very friendly and helpful. (_____)
Jade: They are very friendly and helpful? (_____) I’m glad to hear that.
4. Annie: The location of our company is convenient. (_____)
Will: It’s convenient? (_____) Good for you.
5. Sammy: I’d like to attend a vocational college. (_____)
Ben: You’d like to attend a vocational college? (_____)
6. Carol: I keep doing repetitive tasks every day. (_____)
Tina: You keep doing repetitive tasks every day? (_____) It must be boring.
II. Complete the short conversations with suitable statement questions. Then practise saying them
aloud.
1. A: What do you want to do after graduation?
B: I want to learn bartending.
A: ___________________________________________?
B: Yes. I really want to become a bartender.
2. A: I didn’t see Nick at the party last night.
B: ___________________________________________? He came a little late... around 10 o’clock.
A: Oh, well. I’d already gone home when he arrived.
3. A: Let’s go to the career orientation this Friday.
B: Sorry. I’m having a job training course this Friday.
A: ___________________________________________?
B: Yes. I need to pass the course to get this job.
A: Nice. I still don’t know what to do.
B: ___________________________________________? The career orientation will help you.
4. A: I’m going to apply for a part-time job this summer.
B: ___________________________________________? What job is that?
A: Maybe a waiter or a salesperson.
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B: ___________________________________________? I wish you the best of luck.
B. VOCABULARY and GRAMMAR
I. Match the verb or phrasal verb with its definition.
1. academic a. (of education or training) received in a school or college
2. vocational b. a job or profession that you do for a long period of your life
3. orientation c. doing something rather than just talking about it
4. repetitive d. connected with studying from books
5. hands-on e. (of a piece of work) neeeding a lot of skill, effort, etc.
6. career f. able to decide something quickly and with confidence
7. formal g. knowing a lot
8. decisive h. training or information that you are given before starting a new job,
course, etc.
9. demanding i. relating to the skills you need to do a particular job
10. knowledgeable j. saying or doing the same thing many times, so that it becomes boring
Your answers:
1. ___ 2. ___ 3. ___ 4. ___ 5. ___ 6. ___ 7. ___ 8. ___ 9. ___ 10. ___
II. Complete the sentences with the words from part I.
1. The school offers _____________________ programs in welding, electrical work, and building
maintenance.
2. A doctor needs to be _____________________, especially when it comes to life-and-death situations.
3. Internships are designed to offer _____________________ experience to students.
4. Children who are not good at _____________________ subjects may excel in music or sport.
5. She completed her _____________________ training at a culinary school before starting her career as a
chef.
6. Annie wants a challenging job, not a _____________________ one with the same tasks every day.
7. A good career _____________________ helps you identify the careers most suitable for your personality
and ability.
8. Emily is very _____________________ about clothing and trend because she is a fashion designer.
9. She decided to pursue a _____________________ in medicine after realizing her passion for helping
others.
10. A _____________________ job requires a lot of your time, energy, or attention, and it can be very
stressful.
III. Fill in each blank with a suitable job from the box. Use the plural form if necessary.
garment worker surgeon tailor assembly worker cashier
mechanic nail artist software engineer fashion designer bartender
1. Mia wants to have a unique dress for the prom, so she’s looking for a skilful __________________.
2. If you finish buying, take all the groceries to the __________________ and pay for them.

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3. My mom works as a(n) __________________ at a clothing factory in the suburbs.
4. A(n) __________________ specializes in the art of mixing and serving beverages.
5. I applied for a job as a __________________ in a local garage, but I was rejected.
6. The heart operation was performed by one of the best __________________ in the country.
7. After they have an initial idea, __________________ try out various fabrics and produce a prototype.
8. A(n) __________________ can make your hands look beautiful and elegant.
9. Our car factory has the most experienced and qualified __________________ in the field.
10. He wants to become a(n) __________________, so he chooses to study information technology at
college.
IV. Fill in each blank with an adjective from the box.
well-paid challenging creative knowledgeable
inquiring patient helpful informative skillful rewarding
1. The child has a(n) __________________mind. He takes great interest in learning new things.
2. Being female manager can be a(n) __________________job due to gender roles and stereotypes.
3. Thanks to his __________________job, he can afford a house in the city centre for his family.
4. What makes a job __________________? ~ It’s a job that pays well and offer a good work-life balance.
5. I think being surgeon requires excellent eyesight and __________________hands.
6. The art teacher encourages students to be __________________and explore their unique styles in their
artwork.
7. Unfortunately, the career orientation wasn’t very __________________about each job description.
8. They’re looking for an expert who is __________________about agricultural engineering.
9. Linkedin is a professional network which is really __________________in finding the right job.
10. Diane is kind and __________________with young children. She’ll become a great kindergarten
teacher.
V. Choose the correct answer a, b, c or d to complete each sentence.
1. She started her __________________ as an EFL teacher in Egypt in 1996.
a. work b. employment c. career d. occupation
2. He intends to _________________ in medical school to qualify as a doctor and specialise in health care.
a. enrol b. take c. promote d. manage
3. As a(n) __________________, he focuses on designing machinery that enhances efficiency in planting
and harvesting.
a. assembly worker b. agricultural engineer
c. architect d. biologist
4. Teaching young children can be challenging, but the __________________ moments make it
worthwhile.
a. repetitive b. boring c. rewarding d. demanding
5. The talented __________________ in the restaurant can prepare a variety of dishes.

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a. tailors b. chefs c. cashiers d. managers
6. He tried to __________________ by teaching French in Harvard College.
a. make a progress b. find a way
c. do a job d. earn a living
7. Many of my friends are __________________. They are fashion designers, painters and musicians.
a. technical b. patient c. skillful d. artistic
8. Susan decided to __________________ a course in art and design because it’s a good way to progress
her career.
a. run b. take c. access d. teach
9. _________________ training is focused on building skills specific to an occupation or career field.
a. Academic b. Educational c. Vocational d. Theoretical
10. After leaving university, I wasn’t sure which career __________________ to choose.
a. road b. track c. path d. route
VI. Complete the sentences with the words from the box.
although though so such since because
1. Her skills were __________________ impressive that the firm offered her a well-paid position.
2. Surgeons have to remain calm __________________ they face lots of pressure in the operating room.
3. The professor gave __________________ an inspiring lecture that many students felt motivated.
4. He accepted the job offer __________________ the salary and benefits were much better.
5. The scientists faced __________________ a challenging problem that it took weeks to find a solution.
6. The instructions are __________________ complicated that we have to search for a tutorial video on
YouTube.
7. __________________ the boss is strict and demanding, he always treats the whole team with respect.
8. __________________ Emma wants to help people, she pursues a career in healthcare.
9. That employee was __________________ bossy that no one wanted to work in the same team with him.
10. Ethan decided to leave the job __________________ the tasks were repetitive and boring.
VII. Underline the correct answer.
1. She didn’t get the job, though/ because she had all the necessary qualifications.
2. They were late to the career orientation but/ since they missed the bus.
3. Ronan wants to become a doctor because/ so his parents are well-known doctors.
4. The job was so/ such challenging that no one was able to stay for more than a month.
5. Since/ Although she has to do repetitive tasks every day, she loves her job as a cashier.
6. The boss gave Jenny so/ such a difficult task that she felt stressed all the time.
7. Since/ Though Lily has a good sense of style, she wants to learn designing at university.
8. The firefighters went into the house to save the baby though/ but the fire was fierce.
9. He thinks he’ll be a good doctor because/ although he has good hand-eye coordination.

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10. The singer sang so/ such beautifully that everyone gave him a standing ovation.
11. Jamie wants to be a movie director so/ since he’s really fond of cinematography.
12. Ms. Molly is so/ such a dedicated teacher that all the students admire and respect her.
VIII. Match a sentence In column A to a response in column B.
A B
1. Joseph’s family wants him to become a a. although they have hired a very famous chef.
software engineer,
2. Working with good colleagues can be so b. that it can outweigh the stress of the job.
rewarding
3. Though Susan has lived in Norway for ten c. because she lacked the necessary computer
years, skills for the job.
4. The construction of the new shopping mall d. so that they can officially work at the
was delayed company.
5. I discussed my career choice with my parents e. but he wishes to study designing.
yesterday,
6. Mr. Morris is such an experienced pilot f. that he can identify different types of planes by
the sounds of their engines.
7. She lost her job as an office worker g. she never gets used to the cold weather.
8. Patrick goes to Switzerland to study abroad h. since it’s one of the best country to study hotel
management.
9. The new employees have to join a job training i. and they fully supported me in whatever I
course wanted to do.
10. The restaurant hasn’t attracted many j. because all the workers were on strike.
customers
Your answers:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
IX. Join each pair of sentences, using the word or phrase in brackets.
1. Hoa was born in Doc So craft village. She knows the process of making pottery. (BECAUSE)
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
2. The dancers were so passionate. The audience was moved by their performace. (SUCH)
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
3. South Africa is surrounded by tribal neighbourhoods. Their materials in clothing are eco- friendly.
(SINCE)
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
4. We decided to take rooms in Longwood House. We knew we could not afford the rent. (EVEN
THOUGH)

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______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
5. Penelope wants to pursue a career in fashion. She’s applied for a college in Paris. (SO)
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
6. Accountant is a stable job. It can be boring because of the daily repetitive tasks. (BUT)
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
7. It was a long and difficult exam. I was completely exhausted at the end. (SUCH)
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
8. The entrance exam was hard. Most students could hardly finish it in 60 minutes. (THAT)
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
9. The guest speaker was talking about career choices. The students were listening intently. (WHILE)
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
10. I attended a knitting workshop last Sunday. I don’t know how to knit a scarf. (ALTHOUGH)
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
11. The patient’s condition was very critical. All the surgeons were called to the operation room. (THAT)
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
12. They are a team with different personalities. They’ve achieved success through effective teamwork.
(HOWEVER)
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
X. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
1. I almost missed my flight _____________ there was a long queue in the duty-free shop.
a. although b. since c. so d. however
2. Her parents were _____________ proud of her exam’s results that they held a big party for her.
a. so b. very c. such d. too
3. He lacked experience, _____________ he became a successful businessman.
a. but b. because c. so d. and
4. We’ve decided to go on a vacation _____________ we are going through financial problems.
a. since b. though c. so d. if

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5. He has received several scholarship _____________ she has great academic and artistic abilities.
a. even though b. so that c. since d. so
6. Miranda is _____________ hard-working student that she’s always at the top of her class.
a. such b. such a c. so d. so that
7. _____________ they’re expensive, they last forever and never go out of style.
a. When b. As soon as c. Even though d. Because
8. She went back to live with her mother _____________ she did not earn enough money to live in her own
house.
a. although b. so that c. so d. because
9. They were driving to Dallas _____________ they caught an accident.
a. when b. while c. before d. as soon as
10. _____________ she was asleep, thieves broke in and stole her handbag.
a. But b. Although c. Because of d. While
11. _____________ riding a bicycle is a good leg exercise, it does not use up a lot of calories.
a. Because b. Since c. Even though d. So
12. I expect to get high marks in this exam _____________ I put in a lot of work for it.
a. though b. because c. so that d. when
13. Davis has read the instructions several times, _____________ he knows how to function the new
machine.
a. although b. because c. when d. so
14. Their brand was _____________ successful that they opened more stores in other cities.
a. such b. as c. so d. but
15. _____________ he’s worked for the company for six months now, he never seems to know what to do.
a. Since b. When c. As soon as d. Though
XI. Fill in each blank with a suitable preposition.
1. Janet is responsible _____________ the training and orientation of employees.
2. Don’t be too curious _____________ things you are not supposed to know.
3. Talking to people who are working in the field of your interst is a good way to prepare _____________
your future career.
4. Super’s theory focused _____________ describing the process of career development.
5. Ten years _____________ now, she hopes to have a stable job at a bank in the city centre.
6. Vocational training programs provide you _____________ practical skills can be directly applied
_____________ an occupation.
7. My sister decided _____________ her future career while she was still at secondary school.
8. Most students who enrol _____________ geology courses do not intend to become geologists.
9. What made you interested _____________ applying for this position?
10. The tailors in Hoi An have good sense _____________ style and always update the latest trend.

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c. SPEAKING
I. Choose the best answer to complete the conversations.
1. A: I really hope our team wins the upcoming competition.
B: _________________________________________
a. Of course, why not? b. Hope to see you again.
c. I hope so, too. d. Thank you for your help.
2. A: _________________________________________
B: I hope we’re lucky. I’m really looking forward to this.
a. All we can do is to wait and hope for the event.
b. Thank you for attending our event.
c. Why don’t you give it a go for our event?
d. Hopefully, the weather clears up for our outdoor event.
3. A: I’ve heard you applied for Harvard University.
_________________________________________
B: Thank you so much.
a. I’ll make a contribution. b. I wish you all the best of luck.
c. I don’t quite follow you on this. d. You’re obligated to do so.
4. A: Hey, I was thinking we should try out that new sushi place tonight.
B: _________________________________________ I’m not really into sushi.
a. Alright, you’ve convinced me. b. Hmm, I’m not sure about that.
c. Thanks. I’ll try my best. d. OK, I got what you mean.
5. A: I explained how to use the new photocopier. Do you understand everything?
B: _________________________________________
a. I’m sorry. Could you say that again, please?
b. Would you mind showing me how to do it?
c. Sorry. It was totally my fault.
d. Alright. I’ll make sure to think about that.
II. Put the conversation into the correct order.
___ Thank you so much.
___ Wow! So many years of learning. And surgeons also have to work long hours, don’t they?
___ Yes, I can. And since I am calm, I believe I can handle life-and-death situations very well.
___ Such a nice motivation. What are the qualifications for a surgeon?
___ You’re right. Can you work under pressure?
_1_ What job do you think you’ll do in the future, John?
___ They do. But the job can be rewarding when you can save a person’s life.
___ Well, I hope I’ll become a surgeon and lead a surgical team.

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___ I want to become someone who can help poor and sick people.
___ Well, I hope your dream will come true and I wish you the best of luck.
___ First, all surgeons must qualify as doctors, so they need to have basic medical degree. Then they go on
to do several years of further training in surgical specialties.
___ Wow. Being a surgeon is definitely a challenging job. Why do you want to choose that career?
d. READING
I. Complete the passage with words from the box.
success profession career purposely
living likely decisions well-chosen
It is very important for everybody to make the right choice of (1) ______________. And it is no wonder
because there are a lot of honourable professions at your disposal to obtain, for example, the profession of a
teacher, a doctor, a computer-operator, an engineer, a journalist, etc. It is difficult for the young people to
give a definite answer. There are lots of people who take (2) ______________ about their professions and
their career very easily. It is a matter of fact that only few of them become successful in their careers and
their lives. Most of such people don’t gain much (3) ______________ in their professions and their careers.
The next point is that there is a big difference between job and career. Job is just a place to work in and to
earn your (4) ______________ while career involves planning out the journey, picking up the necessary
skills along the way to be successful, and (5) ______________ deciding what your interests, skills and
work values are.
Some people never pick a (6) ______________. They continue drifting from job to job, without
considering where the drifting will lead. Teens may change their career interests or goals over time, but a
(7) ______________ career usually leads to more advanced and challenging opportunities. And let’s face it
- you’re (8) ______________ to be working most of your life, so why not enjoy what you’re doing. Finally,
try to choose your career carefully and then you will be happy and successful in your future life.
II. Read the passage carefully, then do the tasks.
THE RIGHT JOB FOR YOUR PERSONALITY
Choosing a career is an important life decision, yet many people settle on one based on the opinions of
friends and family. It’s very difficult to find something you really enjoy doing, but scientists have devised
tests to help people come closer to finding their dream job. Take a look at the six personality types below
and see which jobs might be right for you. Most people are a combination of two or three types.
Realistic
Realistic people like to work with things they can see or touch. They are inclined to solve problems by
doing them, rather than thinking or talking about them. They generally like to work outside and are good
with tools, machines, plants, and animals. Job matches: carpenter, chef, nurse, pilot
Investigative
People of this personality type value ideas and are strong at tasks that allow them to investigate facts and
figure out complex problems. They are better at individual work like research and study, rather than leading
groups of people or working in teams. Job matches: computer programmer, historian, psychologist, surgeon
Artistic
Artists are creative people. They don’t work well with structure and rules, and thrive instead in
environments that allow communication and a free flow of ideas. They enjoy tasks that allow them to
express themselves and mix with people. Job matches: actor, art therapist, graphic designer, writer
Social

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Social personalities love to work with people. They get the most satisfaction out of teaching and helping
others, and are driven to serve the community as opposed to making money. Job matches: coach, counselor,
social worker, teacher
Enterprising
Many great leaders and business people have enterprising personalities. These are persuasive people who
are good at making decisions and leading teams. They tend to value money, power, and status, and will
work toward achieving them. Job matches: business owner, event manager, lawyer, salesperson
Conventional
Conventional people appreciate rules and regulations, and like having structure to their lives. They are
logical thinkers and have a lot of self-control, making them the perfect people to work with data and details.
Job matches: accountant, analyst, editor, librarian
Nowadays, anyone can take a Holland Code personality test online to find what jobs might be right for
them. Why not try it today?
A. Match the personality type with the description.
1. Realistic _____ a. likes to lead and influence other people
2. Investigative _____ b. likes to organize things and check details
3. Artistic _____ c. likes to create new things and express their ideas
4. Social _____ d. likes to work with their bodies and do practical things
5. Enterprising _____ e. likes to work with ideas and problems
6. Conventional _____ f. likes to work with and help other people
B. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
1. ____ Your personality types make you better suited for some occupations than others.
2. ____ Most people consider their personality types before choosing a job.
3. ____ Realistic people prefer thought rather than action.
4. ____ People with artistic personality like self-expression in their work.
5. ____ Enterprising people are frequently concerned with money, power and status.
6. ____ Social people are interested in serving the community as well as making money.
7. ____ Investigative people often work independently and do not seek leadership roles.
8. ____ Both social and investigative types like working with other people.
9. ____ You need to see an expert to take a Holland Code test.
C. Choose the best answers.
1. Realistic people enjoy working _____________.
a. alone rather than in groups b. with things they can see or touch
c. without following any rules d. with other people
2. What is considered the strength of conventional people?
a. They’re good at working with data and details.
b. They make a lot of rules and regulations for other people.
c. They’re perfect for the leading positions.
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d. They’re satisfied with helping other people.
3. In which environments do artistic people work well?
a. A place that they can do research and study.
b. A place that values money, power, and status.
c. A place that brings benefits to the community.
d. A place that allows communication and free flow of ideas.
e. WRITING
I. Write sentences, using the clues given.
1. it/ important/ school leavers/ gain/ skills/ improve/ their employment opportunities.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
2. Brenda/ plan/ spend/ a month/ do/ work experience/ a law firm/ this summer.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
3. Although/ Matthew/ met/ all job requirements/ he/ not offer/ a job/ the CNN.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
4. Nick/ just decide/ turn down/ the job offer/ because/ the salary/ not meet/ his needs.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
5. career planning/ be/ ongoing process/ can help/ you/ manage/ learning and development.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
6. Many teenagers/ willing/ take/ vocational courses/ instead/ go/ to university.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
7. My vocational teacher/ from/ I’ve learnt most/ advise/ me/ choose/ different career.

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______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
8. Vocational programs/ provide/ students/ practical learning opportunities/ hands-on experiences/ prepare/
them/ a career.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
9. The director/ was/ so/ angry/ all the employees/ not dare/ say/ a single word.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
10. He/ be/ a skilful artisan/ that/ his shop/ attract/ many customers/ many years.
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
II. Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first.
1. Sarah knew she was wrong, but she refused to admit it.
→ Although
2. No film this year was as good as Alien Descent.
→ Alien Descent was by
3. It wasn’t unusual for George to turn up late.
→ George turned
4. People are buying thousands of gadgets on Black Friday all around the world.
→ Thousands
5. “It was Jim who broke my kitchen window!”
→ Mrs. James accused Jim
6. There was a long delay during takeoff, so the passengers were angry.
→ Because
7. If the employees don’t pass the probation period, they won’t get the job.
→ Unless
8. “Why don’t you apply for a scholarship for international students?”
→ My teacher suggested
9. My internship helped me gain lots of hands-on experience in the field.
→ It was
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10. Very few people succeed in losing weight and keeping it off.
→ Very few people managed
TEST FOR UNIT 12
I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
1. a. collaborate b. complete c. enroll d. secondary
2. a. manager b. mechanic c. career d. standard
3. a. subject b. customer c. agriculture d. occupation
4. a. receive b. efficient c. physicist d. process
5. a. chef b. mechanic c. architect d. chemist
II. Choose the word that has the main stress placed differently from the others.
1. a. career b. apply c. approach d. progress
2. a. bartender b. architect c. surgical d. demanding
3. a. medical b. designer c. housekeeper d. physicist
4. a. occupation b. vocational c. informative d. professional
5. a. certificate b. receptionist c. repetitive d. academic
III. Draw a suitable arrow (🡮 or 🡭) next to each sentence. Then read the sentences aloud.
1. Please fill in this form if you’re interested in applying for this job. (_____)
2. Do you want to become a software developer after graduating from college? (_____)
3. Can you go with me to the career orientation day this Saturday? (_____)
4. In my opinion, dangerous jobs include police officer, firefighter, and miner. (_____)
5. How many students in our class will go to vocational college after high school? (_____)
6. Jade: When do you start your new job? (_____)
Peter: Next Monday. Do you think I will do a good job on my first day? (_____)
7. Helen: How was your weekend? (_____)
Mia: My weekend? (_____) It was very boring. (_____)
8. Wendy: Did you hear about the job training course next week? (_____)
Irene: No. Why didn’t anyone tell me about it? (_____)
9. Julian: I’m preparing for a job interview tomorrow. (_____)
Olivia: You’re preparing for a job interview tomorrow? (_____) Good luck!
10. Leo: Shall we take a designing course together? (_____)
Andy: I don’t have a good sense of style, so I don’t think it’ll suit me.
IV. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
1. Could you give me some advice on how to find and apply _______________ a schorlaship?
a. with b. about c. for d. to
2. Most students see their time at university _______________ the first step in their career path.

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a. over b. off c. on d. as
3. To become a skilled pianist, a person needs excellent hand-eye _______________ to read music and play
the right keys simultaneously.
a. connection b. coordination c. relation d. arrangement
4. Every business has a(n) _______________ who prepares financial statements on a regular basis.
a. secretary b. sale manager c. event planner d. accountant
5. _______________ prepare students for the world of work, schools should focus on soft skills such as
critical thinking, innovation and adaptability.
a. Although b. In spite of c. In order to d. Before
6. We asked the ticket seller if we could use our tickets the next day _______________ it was raining
heavily that day.
a. so b. although c. because d. while
7. Do you prefer a boring, _______________ but simple job or a challenging one with much pressure?
a. repetitive b. demanding c. creative d. decisive
8. _______________ he has gone to several job interviews, he is still out of work.
a. As b. Though c. If d. When
9. She is _______________ dedicated teacher that all of her students respect her.
a. such b. such a c. so a d. so
10. “My dream is to become a doctor because I want to save people’s lives.” - “_______________”
a. That’s terrible! b. It’s not what I want to hear.
c. That’s a very good point. d. Maybe you find it boring.
V. Write the correct form or tense of the verbs in brackets.
1. Jennifer ___________________ (work) professionally on the problem of missing children since
graduating in 2000.
2. While I ___________________ (talk) to my friend on the phone, my manager (enter) the room without
knocking.
3. A projected 58 million students ___________________ (enrol) in U.S. public schools by the year 2022.
4. If I ___________________ (pass) my exams successfully, I(start) an apprenticeship in September.
5. Customers usually ___________________ (call) the hotline when they’re not happy with the products.
6. You can’t enter the room. The surgeons ___________________ (perform) an operation inside.
7. The policy ___________________ (change) several times in the last few months.
8. The school won’t let you ___________________ (do) Physics unless you have at least a B in Maths.
9. As a graduate she decided ___________________ (not pursue) a career based on her degree of
engineering.
10. Did I really tell you I was unhappy? I don’t remember ___________________ (say) that.
VI. Write the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. A number of highly-qualified ___________________ like doctors, engineers etc. migrated out of the
country. (profession)

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2. Without formal ___________________, new recruits may feel overwhelmed and discouraged while
working. (train)
3. The most important member of the ___________________ team is the general surgeon. (surgeon)
4. To start the ___________________ process, you’ll enter your account information. (enrol)
5. The program is ___________________ strong and will prepare a high schooler for college. (academic)
6. In this job you need to be ___________________ and able to cope with unexpected situations. (adapt)
7. He is crazy about cars, and he dreams of becoming an auto ___________________. (machine)
8. To be a successful fashion designer, one needs to keep up with trends and constantly
___________________ new designs. (creative)
9. If you excel in math and science, a career in ___________________ may be right for you. (engine)
10. Nearly 3,000 workers were left ___________________ after the factory closed down due to a shortage
of orders. (job)
VII. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the
following sentences.
1. Did (A) you remember writing (B) down your passport numbers in case (C) they get lost (D)?
2. Since (A) E-learning provides a number of (B) advantages for users, significant (C) disadvantages also
exist for students (D).
3. Younger (A) people are interested in (B) jobs who (C) offer good salary and work-life balance (D).
4. Skills that you learn (A) from (B) vocational training (C) can be applied directly in (D) a job.
5. I look forward to see (A) you again for (B) free consultation (C) and hearing test at (D) my clinic.
6. All workers deserve to make (A) a living wage that (B) allows them to work (C) and support (D)
themselves and their families.
7. This position is such (A) challenging (B) that most people (C) quit die job after a 2-month (D) probation.
8. When I finish (A) university I would work like (B) an air hostess for (C) Alitalia, but I know this is just a
dream (D).
9. We can be sure (A) that developments of (B) IT today will (C) become the changes in (D) our lifestyles
tomorrow.
10. He’s not satisfied with (A) his job although (B) his work environment (C) is terrible and (D) his
colleagues are unfriendly.
VIII. Complete the conversation with the sentences from the box (A - H).

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Jack: (1) ___________________________________________________________________________
Peter: Certainly. What would you like to know?
Jack: (2) ___________________________________________________________________________
Peter: I work as a software engineer at Schuller’s and Co.
Jack: (3) ___________________________________________________________________________
Peter: I’m responsible for systems administration and in-house programming.
Jack: (4) ___________________________________________________________________________
Peter: Oh, there are always lots of small system glitches. I also provide information on a need-to-know
basis for employees.
Jack: (5) ___________________________________________________________________________
Peter: Well, as I said, for part of my job I have to develop in-house programs for special tasks in the
company.
Jack: (6) ___________________________________________________________________________
Peter: No, I just have to make sure that everything is in good conditions.
Jack: (7) ___________________________________________________________________________
Peter: Yes, I attend monthly meetings at the end of the month.
Jack: (8) ___________________________________________________________________________
Peter: Yes, it’s very interesting, but stressful, too!
IX. Choose the correct answers to complete the passage.
There are as many kinds of careers as there are people. The kind of career you have can affect your life in
many ways. For example, it can determine (1) _____________ you live and the friends you make. It can
reflect how much education you have and can determine the (2) _____________ of money you earn. Your
career can also affect the way you feel about yourself and the way other people act toward you.
To make wise career decisions and plans, you need as much information as (3) _____________. The more
you know about yourself and career opportunities, (4) _____________ chance you will have to choose a
satisfying career. Before you begin to explore career fields, you should determine your values, your
interests, and your aptitudes. Each person has many values, which vary (5) _____________ strength. For
example, money is the strongest value for some people - that is, wealth is more important to them than
anything else. (6) _____________, they focus their thoughts, behavior, and emotions on the goal of earning
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a high income. Other values include devotion to religion, (7) _____________ risks, spending time with
family, and helping others. You can develop an (8) _____________ of your values by asking yourself what
is most important to you and by examining your beliefs.
1. a. what b. where c. who d. when
2. a. number b. total c. amount d. sum
3. a. necessary b. relevant c. possible d. available
4. a. the best b. best c. better d. the better
5. a. by b. with c. in d. on
6. a. As a result b. However c. Furthermore d. Despite that
7. a. taking b. making c. facing d. having
8. a. understandably b. understandingly c. understandable d. understanding
X. Read the article carefully, then do the tasks.
Young people in school today will be joining the workforce tomorrow. But are they being prepared for
success in the 21st-century work environment?
When asked if students are missing skills for the workforce, we heard a resounding ‘yes.’ Students today
learn academic core subjects, which are useful. But they aren’t gaining all the knowledge they need to
seamlessly integrate into the office environment.
For instance, not all students have the right computer skills. “As technology has become pervasive in the
classroom and the workplace, solid technology skills are essential for every student. Teaching digital
literacy skills ultimately falls upon educators. Schools need to go beyond the ‘three R’s’ to improve
college and career readiness with technical skills,” said Ray Kelly, CEO, Certiport, a certification testing
company
Beyond that, students need to be ready to meet specific employer needs. “Too often, high school students
do not demonstrate workplace habits that employers prioritize, including reliability, punctuality, customer
service and high-quality task completion,” said Andrew Rothstein, Chief Academic Officer of the National
Academy Foundation. “There are also frequent issues with written and presentation skills that are
appropriate in a business context. Teamwork and problem solving are the new constants.”
Indeed, teamwork is a very important - and often absent - skill among students entering the workforce.
“Students need to learn how to work well with others - cooperative learning, working in groups. Students
need to be able to think out of the box and be creative. They need to find different ways to offer
solutions,” said Marilyn Curtain-Phillips, a high school math teacher and college professor.
(From https://www.educationworld.com)
A. Match the words or phrases with their definitions.
1. resounding _____ a. the quality of being able to be trusted
2. seamlessly _____ b. finally
3. pervasive _____ c. treat something as more important than other things
4. ultimately _____ d. smoothly
5. go beyond _____ e. things that always stay the same
6. prioritize _____ f. clear and emphatic
7. reliability _____ g. do more than
8. constants _____ h. existing everywhere
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B. Choose the correct answer.
1. According to the passage, today’s students _____________.
a. are being well prepared for jobs b. learn unnecessary academic subjects
c. aren’t ready for work d. are skilled with technology
2. Which is not the thing that students need to succeed at work, according to Andrew Rothstein?
a. The quality of being satisfactory b. Good written communication skills
c. The habit of being on time d. The ability to work as a team
3. As used in paragraph 2, “the three R’s” taught in schools mostly means _____________.
a. replacement, reduction and refinement b. reduce, reuse and recycle
c. rapid, reliable and repeatable d. reading, writing and arithmetic
4. Technology skills, as Kelly said, are important to today’s students because.
a. some employers can require workers to have these skills
b. technology is everywhere in the present time workplace
c. students need them to improve their study skills
d. technology allows student to gain access to information anywhere at any time
5. What is the meaning of “think out of the box”?
a. think carefully and deeply b. think in a clear or logical way
c. think in a new, different, or creative way d. think quickly and effectively
6. All of the following are mentioned in the passage EXCEPT _____________.
a. teamwork is a very important skill in the workplace
b. teamwork skills are useful in helping students to work well with others
c. students lack the necessary teamwork skills when they enter the workforce
d. students with strong teamwork skills will be sought out by employers
7. What can be inferred from the passage?
a. Teaching students job related skills is very important.
b. Work habits can break your development path.
c. Academic skills will be required to thrive in tomorrow’s world.
d. Acquiring a good knowledge of science will improve your employability.
XI. Write the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word in
capitals.
1. Her family is poor, so she has to do several jobs to pay her tuitions. (BECAUSE)
______________________________________________________________________________________
2. “Don’t cross the park at night,” he told the children. (WARNED)
______________________________________________________________________________________
3. “Let’s attend a career orientation before choosing a college,” I suggested (THAT)
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______________________________________________________________________________________
4. Emily wants to work as a fashion designer. Her parents are both tailors. (WHOSE)
______________________________________________________________________________________
5. Employees must do exactly what the boss instructs them to do. (CARRY)
______________________________________________________________________________________
6. Why don’t we leave for the tour after breakfast on Saturday? (HOW)
______________________________________________________________________________________
7. “I don’t think I can join you for dinner tomorrow,” Jane said. (FOLLOWING)
______________________________________________________________________________________
8. We had the barbecue as planned in spite of the change in the weather. (ALTHOUGH)
______________________________________________________________________________________
9. Would you like to go skating on Friday? (FANCY)
______________________________________________________________________________________
10. It was such an interesting TV series that I watched it all in two days. (SO)
______________________________________________________________________________________
XII. Write a paragraph describing the job you want to do in the future. Take the following questions
as clues:
🗶 What job do you think you’ll do in the future?
🗶 What will you do in this job?
🗶 What skills do you need for the job?
🗶 Why do you want to do this job?
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
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______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
TEST YOURSELF 4
Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three
in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. a. pole b. global c. flora d. ocean
2. a. technical b. receptionist c. affect d. repetitive
3. a. touchscreen b. mechanic c. architect d. chemical
Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of
stress in each of the following questions.
4. a. essential b. breadwinner c. mechanic d. designer
5. a. curriculum b. ecological c. individual d. aluminium
Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions.
6. Elon Musk’s SpaceX sent NASA astronauts _______________ orbit on May 30, 2020.
a. in b. to c. into d. around
7. The laptop I bought is lightweight yet durable, ideal for _______________ to work or travelling.
a. adjusting b. sending c. carrying d. recording
8. Italy has a total of 24 _______________. The most popular is the Belluno Dolomites National Park in
the Southern Alps.
a. water bodies b. nature reserves c. polar habitats d. landforms
9. The traffic in this city is terrible _______________ it doesn’t provide cheap mass transport.
a. so b. though c. but d. since
10. That man _______________ mansion overlooks a beautiful valley used to be a famous athlete.

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a. whose b. which c. that d. whom
11. As a hotel _______________, your job isn’t only to greet guests but also to make them feel welcome.
a. housekeeper b. secretary c. chef d. receptionist
12. Many employers consider ____________ experience to be as useful as academic qualifications.
a. relevant b. extensive c. professional d. hands-on
13. The teacher advised that Peter _______________ a dictionary to look up new words.
a. using b. use c. to use d. used
14. Zion National Park, _______________ was the first national park in Utah, includes some of the best
hiking trails in the area.
a. which b. who c. that d. whose
15. Anna has _______________ a strong passion for teaching that she pursued a degree in education.
a. so b. very c. such d. too
16. I can’t help _______________ if what I’m learning to do will have any bearing on the world outside.
a. to wonder b. wonder c. wondering d. be wondered
17. Over a third of jobs _______________ over by robots in the next 15 years.
a. will be taken b. will take c. have been taken d. have taken
18. I love teaching because it gives me a sense of _______________.
a. Responsible b. responsibility c. responsibly d. responsive
19. While Jim _______________ the outside of the house, his children _______________ the bedrooms.
a. painted – decorated b. was painting – decorated
c. painted - were decorating d. was painting - were decorating
Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s)
in each of the following questions.
20. Conservation efforts around the Great Barrier Reef are very important to protect its fragile ecosystem
from further degradation.
a. threatening b. ecological c. fascinating d. essential
21. When my grandpa was young, he worked two jobs at the same time to gain money for his family.
a. earn a living b. become rich c. make income d. bring success
22. Efforts to prevent habitat loss are crucial for maintaining biodiversity.
a. balance b. destruction c. failure d. problem
Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s)
in each of the following questions.
23. This model has become old-fashioned, so not many customers are willing to buy it.
a. outdated b. stylish c. convenient d. portable
24. Mass tourism often harms natural wonders by littering and disturbing wildlife habitats.
a. threatens b. fixes c. benefits d. damages
25. The doctors worked tirelessly through the night to save the patient in a life-and-death situation.

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a. serious b. critical c. easy d. insignificant
Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following
exchanges.
26. Andy: First, put the earbuds into pairing mode. Then, turn on your phone’s Bluetooth and connect
with the earbuds. Got it?
Emily: _______________ Could you say that again, please?
a. OK, I got what you mean. b. Do you follow me?
c. I don’t quite follow you. d. I’ve already understood.
27. Tour guide: Why don’t you try the helicopter tour exploring the Grand Canyon? You will like it
Tourist: _______________
a. Not really. You shouldn't do that.
b. If I were you, it’d be a very good idea.
c. How much is a guided tour for one person?
d. OK, I’ll think about that.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the
following questions.
28. There was no sign of (A) a taxi coming (B) to my hotel although (C) I have ordered (D) it half an hour
ago.
29. Planet Earth, that (A) orbits the sun at just (B) the right distance, boasts (C) I a remarkable diversity
of ecosystems and life forms (D).
30. The seller (A) suggested that I considered (B) the latest smartphone with advanced (C) I camera
features for my photography needs (D).
Read the following passage and put each sentence in the box in the correct place in the text.

Smart boards are the most innovative idea to come to the classroom. (31) ______________ Schools and
other educational Institutions have begun to adopt modern teaching methods through smart boards. (32)
______________ It is not just about sharing information but also creating a better online presentation by
avoiding the need to write manually.
Due to its touchscreen, multiple students can use the smart board at the same time. (33) ______________
This may be the best part about these boards. Students do better when they are fully engaged, and hands-on
learning is the best way to do it.
Using smart boards allows teachers to teach in different styles to their students. (34) ____________
Students who learn with their hands can touch the board and work out the problem themselves.
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Because the smart board is connected to a computer, teachers have more options in how their lessons look.
For example, teachers can highlight, bold, or italicize important words in lessons. (35) ______________
Read the following passage and mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the correct word or phrase
that best fits each of the blanks.
Every living thing has a particular place in which it lives, and we call this place its (36) ___________. A
good habitat provides everything a species needs to survive. It provides food and shelter, places for
breeding or laying eggs, the right kind of climate, and so on. Every particular type of species needs a
particular type of natural habitat. For some species it could be deep in a forest, (37) ______________ for
others it could be deep in the ocean. No matter what type of habitat a species needs, it will have to share it
with other species who have adapted (38) ______________ the same kind of natural environment.
When many species share a particular habitat, some species will be food for other species, which in turn
might be food for others even (39) ______________ up the food chain. Food chains are just one of many
relationship networks within a habitat that together form what we call an ecosystem. As such, every species
becomes part of an ecosystem within its particular habitat. Lions, for example, live in habitats across the
grasslands of central Africa. They are apex predators, which means they are (40) ______________ of the
food chain in their ecosystem. The food chains that lions are part of include (41) ______________ grasses
and other plants eaten by the animals that lions eat, such as zebras, buffaloes and giraffes.
36. a. ecosystem b. landform c. habitat d. diversity
37. a. when b. while c. because d. although
38. a. with b. for c. from d. to
39. a. highest b. higher than c. higher d. the highest
40. a. from the bottom b. in the end c. in the beginning d. at the top
41. a. different b. various c. multiple d. involving
Read the passage carefully. Decide if the statements are true (T) or false (F) and choose the correct
answers.
ROBOT TEACHERS
If you think of the jobs that robots could never do, you probably put doctors and teachers at the top of the
list. However, in some cases robots already perform better than doctors at diagnosing illness. Also, some
patients might feel more comfortable sharing personal information with a machine than with a person.
Could there be a place for robots in education after all?
British education expert Anthony Seldon thinks so. He predicts by 2027 robots will do the main job of
transferring information and teachers will be like assistants. Intelligent robots will read students’ faces,
movements and maybe even brain signals. Then they will adapt the information to each student. It’s not a
popular opinion and it’s unlikely robots will ever have empathy and the ability to really connect with
humans like another human can.
Teachers all over the world are leaving because it is a difficult job and they feel overworked. Perhaps the
question is not ‘Will robots replace teachers?’ but ‘How can robots help teachers?’ Office workers can use
software to do things like organise and answer emails, arrange meetings and update calendars. Teachers
waste a lot of time doing non-teaching work, including more than 11 hours a week marking homework. If
robots could cut the time teachers spend marking homework and writing reports, teachers would have more
time and energy for the parts of the job humans do best.
42. ____ Robots are always better at diagnosing illness than doctors.
43. ____ Education experts agree robots will fully replace teachers by 2027.
44. ____ Anthony Seldon thinks teachers in the future will help robots in class.

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45. ____ Robot teachers will be able to read the brains and facial expressions of students and change the
information so that it fits each student.
46. ____ One advantage of robot teachers is that they could empathise with students.
47. ____ Robot assistants could help teachers by marking homework.
48. ____ Teachers can use robots to reduce their time writing reports and preparing lessons.
49. The passage mainly discusses ______________.
a. the development of artificial intelligence
b. the replacement of a teacher by computers
c. robotics in the classroom
d. the work of the teacher in the future
50. Anthony Seldon, a British education expert, claims that by 2027 ______________.
a. robots will mainly help teachers transfer information
b. the school curriculum will be adapted to individual learning styles
c. robots will have the ability to really connect with humans
d. robots will begin replacing teachers in the classroom
51. According to the last paragraph, teachers ______________.
a. work harder than office workers
b. have less help than office workers
c. waste a lot of time marking homework
d. will only teach knowledge to students
52. All of the following statements are true EXCEPT ______________.
a. doctors and teachers seem as if they can be replaced by robots or computers
b. machines sometimes can outperform doctors in disease diagnoses
c. robots will probably never have human understanding of emotions
d. overwork is one of the reasons teachers are leaving the profession
Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the sentence that is best written from the words/ phrases
given.
53. It/ stressful job/ many employees/ leave/ one year.
a. It is so stressful job that many employees leave after one year.
b. It was such stressful job which many employees left before one year.
c. It is so stressful job which many employees leave before one year.
d. It was such a stressful job that many employees left after one year.
54. My grandma/ ask/I/ know/ use/ that/ vacuum cleaner.
a. My grandma asked whether I knew how to use that vacuum cleaner.
b. My grandma asked if I know how to use that vacuum cleaner.
c. My grandma is asking do I know using that vacuum cleaner.

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d. My grandma is asking that I know using that vacuum cleaner.
55. The World Trade Center/ the landmark of America/ collapsed/ 2001.
a. The World Trade Center, that used to be the landmark of America, collapsed in 2001.
b. The World Trade Center, which was the landmark of America, collapsed in 2001.
c. The World Trade Center used to be the landmark of America, which collapsed in 2001.
d. The World Trade Center was the landmark of America that collapsed in 2001.
Giaoandethitienganh.info sưu tầm
56. So far/ three companies/ deny/ application/ the position/ software developer.
a. So far three companies denied my application for the position as software developer.
b. So far three companies denied my application to the position of software developer.
c. So far three companies have denied my application for the position of software developer.
d. So far three companies have denied my application to the position as software developer.
57. renewable energy/ gain/ popularity/ fossil fuels/ still/ dominate/ global energy use.
a. Renewable energy is gaining popularity because fossil fuels still dominate global energy use.
b. When renewable energy is gaining popularity, fossil fuels will dominate global energy use.
c. Renewable energy will gain popularity if fossil fuels still dominate global energy use.
d. Although renewable energy is gaining popularity, fossil fuels still dominate global energy use.
Mark the letter a, b, c, or d to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following
questions.
58. This famous director will produce ten short comedy films in four years.
a. Four years was the time for this famous director to product ten short comedy films.
b. Ten short comedy films will be produced by this famous director in four years.
c. It will take four years to product ten short comedy films for this famous director.
d. Producing ten short comedy films has cost this famous director four years.
59. He was capable of doing all the tasks by himself.
a. He managed to do all the tasks by himself.
b. He has no ability to do all the tasks by himself.
c. He needs someone to do all the tasks with him.
d. He cannot do all the tasks by himself.
60. He doesn’t earn enough money to buy his favourite car.
a. Buying his favourite car isn’t enough for him to earn money.
b. His favourite car is too expensive for him to earn money.
c. Earning enough money to buy his favourite car is his plan.
d. He wishes he earned enough money to buy his favourite car.
61. Although she was unwell, she was playing with her son for an hour.
a. She was unwell, but she was playing with her son for an hour.
b. She was playing with her son for an hour because she was unwell.

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c. When she was unwell, she was playing with her son for an hour.
d. She was so unwell that she was playing with her son for an hour.
62. “Let’s light a fire and cook the sausages over it,” said the children.
a. The children said that we lighted a fired and cooked the sausages over it.
b. The children recommended them to light a fire and cook the sausages over it.
c. The children suggested lighting a fire and cooking the sausages over it.
d. The children wondered if they could light a fire and cook the sausages over it.
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