Lovoy Procedures
SMS Simplification and Improvement
By Jodi Lee and Terje Lovoy
[email protected][email protected] Complex Clear
N
A
V
I
G
A
T
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O
2014 N Today
36 procedures and checklists One handbook
48.939 words 17.235 words
65% reduction
Lovoy Vision
+ Usability improves compliance
+ Understandable text reduce error
= Simplicity improves safety
Agenda
Today Tomorrow
• Why do we simplify? • Terminology
• Lessons learned • Examples
• Where does the complexity come from?
• Writing style
• How do we simplify?
• Examples • Layout
Lunch Lunch
• Case study video • Seven rules
• Group discussion and reflections • Examples
• What is usability?
• Template training
• How can we measure usability?
• Typical SMS hierarchy • How simplicity can improve efficiency
• How proactive text can improve BRM
• Project considerations and planning
Worst Air Disaster Ever
Tenerife 1977
1988 – checklist complacency
In flight fire – complex 208 step procedure took too long time
Photo source Wikipedia 1998
Next generation design
The solution was to simplify
Typical modern airline checklist before landing
Aviation Safety
• Statistically you must travel every
day for more than 8000 years to
experience a major accident
• You are more likely to be
struck by lightening
• Safest way to travel
Photo by Terje Lovoy
Aviation Safety Development
Yearly hull losses per million flights
Today 0.32
One accident for every
3.2 million flights
Sources: Airbus, FAA and IATA
Slide 13
Offshore Loading
Complex Text
12 December 2007,
Clients
Shipping Oil and Gas Sub-Sea Rail
Administration Training and Simulation Factories Medical
Field Research
User-friendly procedures are used more
Usability has a strong impact on compliance
Other Industries Use the Concepts
Example form Deep Diving
Article by IMCA with permission.
Accident
Typical Analysis Investigation Report
Problem: Human error
1. Why – because they did not follow procedures
2. Why – because the text was not user-friendly
3. Why – because it was too complex
4. Why – because procedure writers don’t know how to write
concise
5. Why – because of no writing standards or training
Simplicity
Compliance
Clear
Concise
Simplicity Compliance
Procedures Processes
Checklists
Routines
Directives Guidelines
Forms Policies
Spaghetti Structure
Break spaghetti text into bite-sized
pieces we can digest easier
Original content
Often based on complex law text not After chunking
intended for operational use
Text Washing
12 6 = 2 =
= 0,66
18 9 3
The cat chased the mouse. (5) = The mouse was chased by the cat. (7)
+ 40%
First requirement:
We must want to write simple
Does using big words
make you sound smart?
Use Everyday Words
• Anticipate • Expect
• Attempt • Try
• Commence • Begin, start
• Demonstrate • Show, prove
• Implement • Start
• In the event that • If
• Submit • Send, give
• Terminate • End, cancel
The action must be done to he right object to make sure that the
user will reach the following result in the right order where the
action must be done in the right sequence making sure that the first
sub step is done correctly before operator is permitted to proceed
to the subsequent sub step followed by yet another subsequent
substep. The action must be done to he right object to make
sure that the user will reach the following result in the right order
where the action must be done in the right sequence making sure
that the first sub step is done correctly before operator is permitted
to proceed to the subsequent sub step followed by yet another
subsequent substep. The action must be done to he right object
to make sure that the user will reach the following result in the right
order where the action must be done in the right sequence making
sure that the first sub step is done correctly before operator is
permitted to proceed to the subsequent sub step followed by yet
another subsequent substep.
The action must be done to he right object to make sure that the
user will reach the following result in the right order where the
action must be done in the right sequence making sure that the first
sub step is done correctly before operator is permitted to proceed
to the subsequent sub step followed by yet another subsequent
substep.
Illustration by Terje Lovoy
Style
Direct formatting:
Font: 13 pt, Bold, Indent: Left: 0.7 cm, Right: 0.8 cm, Line
spacing: single, Space After: 0 pt, Border: Box: (Single solid line,
Red, 1 pt Line width), Pattern: 50% (Custom
Color(RGB(253,200,47)) Foreground, Auto Background), Tab
stops: 10.9 cm, Right,Leader: …, Style: Linked, Quick Style,
Priority: 15, Based on: Normal
