Phase Diagram for 2 Component System (Sulphur)
The phase diagram of sulfur, showing the stability regions of its different phases under varying
temperature and pressure conditions. Explanation of its main components:
Phases:
1. Rhombic Sulfur:
This is the most stable crystalline form of sulfur at low temperatures and standard pressure
(below 95.4°C). It is depicted in the left region of the diagram.
2. Monoclinic Sulfur:
A less stable crystalline form of sulfur that exists between 95.4°C and 119°C at 1 atm pressure.
It is located in the shaded region between the rhombic and gas phase.
3. Liquid Sulfur:
At high temperatures and pressures (e.g., above 119°C at 1 atm), sulfur transitions into its
liquid phase, as shown in the upper-right region.
4. Sulfur Gas:
At even higher temperatures (e.g., above 445°C at 1 atm), sulfur becomes gaseous, represented
in the bottom-right portion of the diagram.
Triple Points:
1. Point 1 (95.4°C, 10⁻⁴ atm):
This represents the triple point where rhombic sulfur, monoclinic sulfur, and sulfur gas coexist.
2. Point 2 (119°C, 5×10⁻⁴ atm):
At this triple point, monoclinic sulfur, liquid sulfur, and sulfur gas coexist.
3. Point 3 (151°C, 1288 atm):
This high-pressure point indicates the coexistence of rhombic sulfur, liquid sulfur, and
monoclinic sulfur.
Transitions:
Rhombic to Monoclinic Transition:
Occurs at 95.4°C under standard atmospheric pressure. This is a solid-solid phase transition.
Monoclinic to Liquid Transition:
Occurs at 119°C under standard atmospheric pressure.
Boiling Point:
Sulfur boils into the gas phase at 445°C under standard atmospheric pressure.
This diagram is essential for understanding sulfur's behavior in different thermodynamic
conditions.
