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Chapter 1 Port (2)

customs and freight forwarding document

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Solomon Birhanu
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64 views22 pages

Chapter 1 Port (2)

customs and freight forwarding document

Uploaded by

Solomon Birhanu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Port and Terminal Operations

Management
(LSCM 4093)
CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION
CONTENT OUTLINE
• Definition of Port
• The Purpose and Organization of Ports
• Evolution of the Port Environment
• Types of Ownerships
1. DEFINITION OF PORT
– Ports are not just seaports.

– In some countries such as the USA, the term port


usually includes airports and sometimes inter-modal
facilities such as railway and road connections.

– Today, ports are not only a transfer points between sea


and land but also serve as distribution, logistics, and
production centers.

– Ports can also serve leisure, fishing, and/or military ships


Cont…
– The term port simply can be defined as “The
interface between land and a sea or

– A waterway connection providing facilities and


services to commercial ships and their cargo,

– As well as the associated multimodal, distribution


and logistics activities.”
Cont…
– A port (or seaport) is a place at which the transfer of cargo
and passengers to and from waterways and shores occurs.

– A port is a place at which terminal services are provided to

transportation carriers such as shipping lines, railroads, and

trucking firms

– A port can also be viewed as a transshipment place where


feeder shipping routes are connected with one another and
with trunk (main road with a high volume of traffic) routes
for ocean-going voyages.
Cont…

– The port may be a cargo port (handling only the

transfer of cargo), a passenger port (handling

only the transfer of passengers), or a combination

cargo/passenger port (handling the transfer of

both cargo and passengers).


Cont…
– Transshipment: it occurs when containers (cargoes)
are first unloaded from a ship and then loaded to
another ship at the same Container Terminal (CT).
– This is often the case due to physical and economic
constraints
– i.e. large container ships requiring more space and
depths, shipping line operational strategies such as
feeder and hub operation for smaller ships/ports and
larger ships/ports, respectively
Transhipment image
Cont…
– Anchorage- is a place to hold boats secure. It is a place in
or near a harbor where boat/ships are moored/ securely
parked. Barge a freight boat along narrow flat-bottomed.
Cont..
– Dry port concept is an intermodal transportation system, itself is
an IIT (Inland Intermodal Terminal) connected by high capacity
mode with additional services located inland.

– In a dry port concept the maximum possible amount of freight


transportation is accomplished by rail between the dry port and the
seaport.

– Only the final leg of the door-to-door transportation is carried out


by road transport.

– In an optimal dry port implementation the whole freight


transportation between seaport and dry port is carried out by rail.
2. The Purpose and Organization of Ports
– Ports are very dissimilar in their assets, roles, functions and
institutional organization, and even within a single port the
activities or services that are, or could be, performed are
broad in scope and nature.

– On the one hand, ports have been defined through a macro-


analytical approach as being geographical, physical and
corporate assets.

– Here the word port often refers to waterway connections,


relating to sea, lake, river, inland waterways and/or canal
locations
Cont…
– Port roles and functions are identified through political,
geographical (urban and spatial), economic and social
perspectives.
– From a public policy perspective, ports are seen as critical
trade and transport infrastructure facilities and as economic
and development catalysts for the nations or regions they
serve.
– Along with their economic and social impacts, ports play a
major role in a country‘s logistical and trade efficiency.
Cont….
– Because they are controllable aspects of global supply chains,
ports deserve particular attention.

– Excessive costs and inefficiencies hinder trade and economic


development.

– The relative costs imposed at ports are influenced by a


number of factors such as low cargo volumes, trade
imbalances, long distances, poor inland transport links,
fragmented logistics and supply chains, and other economic
and geographical realities.

– Ports can account for 8–12% of transport costs between a


product‘s origin and its destination.
Cont….
– On the other hand, ports have been analyzed from a
micro-perspective approach in terms of sets of activities
and operations shaping a port‘s roles and functional
dimensions.
– Considers them as facilities where vessel maintenance
and cargo/passenger transfer is ensured,
– The port role beyond ship/cargo handling, storage
approach perceives
– Ports should allow sustainable development and
waterfront regeneration.
3. Evolution of the Port
Environment

(Reading Assignment)
4. Types of Ownerships
Cont…
Responsibility
THE END

THANK YOU!
anchorage

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