Cambridge IGCSE™

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PHYSICS 0625/04
Paper 4 Theory (Extended) For examination from 2023

SPECIMEN PAPER 1 hour 15 minutes

You must answer on the question paper.

No additional materials are needed.

INSTRUCTIONS
● Answer all questions.
● Use a black or dark blue pen. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
● Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the boxes at the top of the page.
● Write your answer to each question in the space provided.
● Do not use an erasable pen or correction fluid.
● Do not write on any bar codes.
● You may use a calculator.
● You should show all your working and use appropriate units.
● Take the weight of 1.0 kg to be 9.8 N (acceleration of free fall = 9.8 m / s2).

INFORMATION
● The total mark for this paper is 80.
● The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ].

This document has 16 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.

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1 Fig. 1.1 shows the speed-time graph for a vehicle accelerating from rest.

30

speed 25
m/s
20

15

10

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
time / s

Fig. 1.1

(a) Calculate the acceleration of the vehicle at time t = 0 s.

acceleration = .......................................................... [3]

(b) Without further calculation, state how the acceleration at time t = 100 s compares to the
acceleration at time t = 10 s.
Using ideas about forces, explain why any change in the acceleration has occurred.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [2]

(c) Determine the distance travelled by the vehicle between time t = 1 0 s an time t = 1 0 s.

distance = .......................................................... [3]

[Total: 8]

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2 (a) Complete the definitions by giving the name of each quantity.

mass × acceleration = ........................................................

force × time = ........................................................

[2]

(b) Fig. 2.2 shows a man using a golf club to hit a ball.

golf club ball

Fig. 2.2

The ball has a mass of 0.0 kg. The golf cl b is in contact with the ball for a ration of
5.0 × 10–4 s an the ball lea es the golf cl b at a spee of m / s.

(i) Calculate the momentum of the ball as it leaves the golf club.

momentum = .......................................................... [2]

(ii) Calculate the average resultant force acting on the ball while it is in contact with the golf
club.

average force = .......................................................... [2]

(iii) While the golf club is in contact with the ball, the ball becomes compressed and changes
shape.

State the type of energy stored in the ball during its contact with the golf club.

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 7]

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3 Fig. 3.1 shows solar cells that use radiation from the Sun to generate electrical power.

Fig. 3.1

(a) (i) State the name of the process which releases energy in the Sun.

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Describe what happens in this process.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) Apart from solar cells, there are other energy resources used on Earth for which the radiation
from the Sun is the main source.

State the name of one of these energy resources and explain whether it is renewable.

name of energy resource ..........................................................................................................

explanation ...............................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[2]

(c) State two advantages and two disadvantages of using solar cells to generate electrical
power.

advantage 1 ..............................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

advantage 2 ..............................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

disadvantage 1 .........................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

disadvantage 2 .........................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[4]

[Total: 9]
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4 Fig. 4.1 shows a balloon filled with helium that is used to lift measuring instruments to a great
height above the Earth’s surface.

Fig. 4.1

(a) Using ideas about momentum, explain how the atoms of helium produce a force on the wall
of the balloon.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [3]

(b) At ground level, the pressure of the helium in the balloon is 1.0 × 105 a. The ol me of the
heli m is 9. m3.

The balloon is release an it rises ickl thro gh the atmosphere. The ol me of the heli m
increases. The temperature of the helium remains constant.

(i) Explain why the pressure in the balloon decreases as the balloon rises.
You should refer to helium atoms in your answer.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) alc late the press re of the heli m when its ol me is 1 m3.

pressure = .......................................................... [2]

[Total: 7]

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5 (a) Compare the arrangement and motion of the particles in ice and in liquid water.

arrangement .............................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

motion .......................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[2]

(b) lake has a la er of ice on its s rface. The area of the lake is 1800 m2. The ice has a
thickness of 0.0 m. The ensit of ice is 9 0 kg / m3.

(i) alc late the mass of ice on the lake.

mass = .......................................................... [2]

(ii) t night the temperat re of the ice on the lake falls b . .

The specific heat capacity of ice is 2.1 × 103 / kg .
Calculate the change in energy as the temperature falls.

energy = .......................................................

[Total: 6]

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BLANK PAGE

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6 (a) Fig. 6.1 shows a converging lens and its principal axis. The points F1 and F2 are each a
principal focus of the lens.

O
principal axis

F1 F2

Fig. 6.1

An object O is placed between F1 and the lens.

(i) On Fig. 6.1, draw two rays from the top of the object O to locate the image.
Label the image I. [3]

(ii) The object O is moved to the left along the principal axis so that it is further from the lens
than F1.

Fig. 6.2 is a diagram of the new arrangement with the new image shown.

F1 F2

principal axis

image

Fig. 6.2

Underline three of the terms below that describe the image shown in Fig. 6.2.

diminished enlarged inverted real same size upright virtual

[2]

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(b) Fig. 6.3 shows yellow light passing through a glass prism.

Fig. 6.3

Blue light enters the prism along the same path as the yellow light.

On Fig. 6.3, draw the path of the blue light as it enters, passes through and leaves the prism.
[2]

[Total: 7]

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7 (a) State a typical value for the speed of sound in air.

speed = .......................................................... [1]

(b) so n wa e in air has a wa elength of mm.

Using your value for the speed of sound in (a), calculate the frequency of the sound wave.

frequency = .......................................................... [2]

(c) ig. .1 shows a soli block ma e from hot li i metal. s the li i coole a b bble forme
inside the block. The b bble is not isible from o tsi e the block.

bubble inside
metal block

metal
block

Fig. 7.1

Describe and explain how to use ultrasound to determine the size and position of the bubble
insi e the metal block. o ma raw on the iagram.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [4]

[Total: 7]

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