14/12/2024 Database Systems
Lab Project Report
Project: Student Management Database
SUBMITTED BY: ARHAM MAQSOOD
1. Introduction
The Student Management System (SMS) is designed to automate and manage the
daily operations of educational institutions. This project helps in maintaining records
of students, teachers, classes, subjects, grades, and attendance efficiently. The
database-backed system allows users to perform CRUD operations, generate reports,
and track student performance.
2. Objectives
To provide an easy-to-use database for managing student records.
To maintain accurate records of attendance, grades, and subjects.
To enable efficient tracking of class performance and individual progress.
To ensure data security and quick retrieval of information.
3. System Features
3.1 Student Management
Add, update, delete, and retrieve student details.
Store personal and academic information like name, date of birth, class, contact
details, etc.
3.2 Teacher Management
Manage teacher details including contact and assigned classes.
3.3 Class Management
Define classes and assign students and teachers to them.
3.4 Subject Management
Add and assign subjects to specific classes.
3.5 Attendance Management
Mark daily attendance and track student attendance records.
3.6 Grade Management
Record and retrieve grades for each student in specific subjects.
3.7 Reports and Analytics
Generate attendance reports, academic performance reports, and subject-wise
analytics.
4. Database Design
4.1 Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)
The ERD represents the relationships between the key entities in the system:
Entities: Students, Teachers, Classes, Subjects, Grades, Attendance
Relationships:
o Students belong to Classes.
o Teachers teach Classes.
o Classes have multiple Subjects.
5. SQL Queries I’ll Need
Create and link tables using foreign keys.
Perform CRUD operations (Create, Read, Update, Delete).
Use Joins for fetching related data (e.g., a student's grades for all subjects).
Use aggregate functions (like SUM (), AVG ()) for reports.
Manage constraints (e.g., unique email for students and teachers).
