Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematic Schools

Mid Term Exam

2015 – 2016

Subject: BIOLOGY Grade 11

Time: 120 minutes

Instructions
 Use Blue ink, ballpoint pen or pencil.
 Answer all questions.
 Answer the questions in the spaces provided – there may be more space
than you need.

Information
 You can use the BLANK PAGE at the end of the questions as draft papers.
 Candidates may use a scientific calculator.

Advice
 Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
 Keep an eye on the time. Try to answer every question.
 If you do not know the answer to a question, go on to the next question.
You may come back to the skipped question later if you have time.
 Check your answers if you have time at the end.
 1 LO BI.2.08
The structure that the sperm does not pass through before they leave the male body
is the
A- Scrotal sac
B- Urethra
C- Epididymis
D- Vas deference
2 LO BI.2.08
Testosterone is synthesized primarily by the
A- Seminiferous tubules
B- Anterior pituitary gland.
C- Leydig cells.
D- Sperm cells..
3 LO BI.2.08
The centrioles in the human sperm
A- Contain spindle fibers for division.
B- Contain enzymes that digest away the membrane around the egg
C- Is filled with mitochondria
D- Is the name for the package of male chromosomes?
4 LO BI.2.08
The released cell from the ovary after ovulation is:
A- Primary oocyte
B- Primary germ cells
C- Secondary oocyte
D- Polar body
5 LO BI.2.08
Human sperm cells are formed in the
A- Prostate gland.
B- Seminiferous tubules.
C- Vas deferens.
D- Epididymis.
6 LO BI.2.08
Increasing the temperature of the human scrotum by 2°C (i.e., near the normal
body core temperature) and holding it there would
Reduce the fertility of the man by impairing the production of gonadal steroid
A-
hormones.
B- Have no effect on male reproductive processes.
C- Reduce the fertility of the man by impairing spermatogenesis.
Increase the fertility of the affected man by enhancing the rate of
D-
steroidogenesis.

Subject: BIOLOGY - Grade: 2 Page 2 of 18

 7 LO BI.2.08
The removal of the seminal vesicles surgically would likely
A- Cause sterility because sperm would not be produced.
B- Cause sterility because sperm would not be able to exit the body.
C- Greatly reduce the volume of semen.
D- Enhance the fertilization potency of sperm in the uterus.
8 LO BI.2.09
The Lowest levels of progesterone are secreted during
A- The follicular phase
B- Ovulation phase
C- The luteal phase
D- All the above
9 LO BI.2.09
Where the completion of meiosis II in the female reproductive cycle occurs?
A- In the ovary
B- In the upper third of Fallopian tube
C- In the uterus
D- In the cervix
10 LO BI.2.09
In the development of male gametes, ……….… are formed without cell division.
A- Sperms
B- Secondary spermatocytes
C- Spermatogonial cell
D- Spermatids
11 LO BI.2.09
Rising estrogen levels in the blood stream trigger the pituitary to
A- Release FSH
B- Release LH
C- Stop secreting LH
D- Stop secreting FSH
12 LO BI.2.09
5- Which of the following is NOT involved in a feedback loop in the male
reproductive system?
A- Anterior pituitary
B- Hypothalamus
C- Adrenal gland
D- Sertoli cells
13 LO BI.2.09
Mature human sperm and ova are similar in that
A- Both have the same number of chromosomes.
B- They are approximately the same size.
C- They each have a flagellum that provides motility.
D- They are produced from puberty until death.
Subject: BIOLOGY - Grade: 2 Page 3 of 18
The following chart represents the menstrual cycle in human female. Use it to
answer the following questions(14-17):

14 LO BI.2.09
The uterine lining is at its highest thickness on the day.…….
A- Day 11
B- Day 8
C- Day 25
D- Day 1
15 LO BI.2.09
Which of the following hormones ENDS the ovulation cycle?
A- Luteinizing Hormone
B- Estrogen
C- Progesterone
D- FSH

16 LO BI.2.09
In which Phase the Estrogen hormone released?
A- Follicular Phase
B- Ovulation
C- Luteal Phase
D- Menstruation

Subject: BIOLOGY - Grade: 2 Page 4 of 18

 17 LO BI.2.09
th
In a mature female, the menstruation phase started at the 10 day of October, so
the ovum will liberate from the ovary at the ……….day of October.
th
A- 20
th
B- 24
C- 28th
th
D- 30
18 LO BI.2.10
Which of the following statements best describes theories?
A- They are nearly the same things as hypotheses.
B- They are supported by, and make sense of, many observations.
C- They cannot be tested because the described events occurred only once.
D- They are predictions of future events.
19 LO BI.2.10
During a study session about evolution, one of your fellow student's remarks,
"The giraffe stretched its neck while reaching for higher leaves; its offspring
inherited longer necks as a result." Which statement is most likely to be helpful in
correcting this student's misconception?
Characteristics acquired during an organism's life are generally not passed on
A-
through genes.
B- Spontaneous mutations can result in the appearance of new traits.
C- Only favorable adaptations have survival value.
D- Disuse of an organ may lead to its eventual disappearance.
20 LO BI.2.10
In the mid-1900s, the Soviet geneticist Lysenko believed that his winter wheat
plants, exposed to ever- colder temperatures, would eventually give rise to ever
more cold-tolerant winter wheat. Lysenko's attempts in this regard were most in
agreement with the ideas of:
A- Cuvier.
B- Hutton.
C- Lamarck.
D- Darwin.
21 LO BI.2.10
Which of these conditions should completely prevent the occurrence of natural
selection in a population over time?
A- All variation between individuals is due only to environmental factors.
B- The environment is changing at a relatively slow rate.
C- The population size is large.
D- The population lives in a habitat where there are no competing species present.
22 LO BI.2.10
Given a population that contains genetic variation, what is the correct sequence of
the following events, under the influence of natural selection?
1. Well-adapted individuals leave more offspring than do poorly adapted
Subject: BIOLOGY - Grade: 2 Page 5 of 18
individuals.
2. A change occurs in the environment.
3. Genetic frequencies within the population change.
4. Poorly adapted individuals have decreased survivorship.
A- 2 → 4 → 1 → 3
B- 4 → 2 → 1 → 3
C- 4 → 1 → 2 → 3
D- 4 → 2 → 3 → 1
23 LO BI.2.10
If Darwin had been aware of genes, and of their typical mode of transmission to
subsequent generations, with which statement would he most likely have been in
agreement?
A) If natural selection can change one gene's frequency in a population over the
A course of generations then, given enough time and enough genes, natural
- selection can cause sufficient genetic change to produce new species from old
ones.
B) If an individual's somatic cell genes change during its lifetime, making it
B-
more fit, then it will be able to pass these genes on to its offspring.
C C) If an individual acquires new genes by engulfing, or being infected by,
- another organism, then a new genetic species will be the result.
D D) A single mutation in a single gene in a single gamete will, if perpetuated,
- produce a new species within just two generations.
24 LO BI.2.10
Currently, two extant elephant species (X and Y) are placed in the genus
Loxodonta, and a third species (Z) is placed in the genus Elephas. Thus, which
statement should be true?
A- Species X and Y are not related to species Z.
Species X and Y share a greater number of homologies with each other than
B-
either does with species Z.
Species X and Y share a common ancestor that is still extant (in other words,
C-
not yet extinct).
Species X and Y are the result of artificial selection from an ancestral species
D-
Z.
25 LO BI.2.10
The fossil record consistently shows evidence that:

A All forms of life have existed in all geologic eras.

B Living organisms have only been on Earth for a short time.

C Living things have changed over time.

D Ancient life-forms are much the same as forms found living today

Subject: BIOLOGY - Grade: 2 Page 6 of 18

= Examine the following ankle bone of whales ancestors, and answer questions
below (26 and 27);

26 LO BI.2.10
Among those ankle bone which is more related to each other;
Group 1 contain Group 2 contain
a 1,3,4 5,2
b 1,2 3,4,5
c 2,4 1,3,5
d 3,4 1,2,5

A- a

B- b

C- c

D- d
27 LO BI.2.10
From picture above the ankle bone in the whale’s ancestors is considered

A- Shared ancestors

B- Analogy

C- Shared drive character[homology]

D- Co-opted feature

28 LO BI.2.10
About 13 different species of finches inhabit the Galápagos Islands today, all
descendants of a common ancestor from the South American mainland that
arrived a few million years ago. Genetically, there are four distinct lineages, but
the 13 species are currently classified among three genera. The first lineage to
diverge from the ancestral lineage was the warbler finch (genus Certhidea). Next
to diverge was the vegetarian finch (genus Camarhynchus), followed by five tree
finch species (also in genus Camarhynchus) and six ground finch species (genus
Geospiza).

Subject: BIOLOGY - Grade: 2 Page 7 of 18

 If the six ground finch species have evolved most recently, then which of these is
the most logical prediction?
They should be limited to the six islands that most recently emerged from the
A-
sea.
Their genomes should be more similar to each other than are the genomes of
B-
the five tree finch species.
They should share fewer anatomical homologies with each other than they
C-
share with the tree finches.
The chances of hybridization between two ground finch species should be
D-
less than the chances of hybridization between two tree finch species.
-Look at opposite figure and answer
question [29 and 30]

29 LO BI.2.11
35 - The diagram implies that warbler finches and armadillos

A- Are unrelated.

B- Share a recent common ancestor.

C- Share a remote common ancestor.

D- Did not evolve from older forms of life.

30 LO BI.2.11
Which organism has DNA that is probably most similar to the glyptodont’s DNA?

A- Woodpecker finch

B- Early vertebrate

C- Warbler finch

D- Armadillo

Subject: BIOLOGY - Grade: 2 Page 8 of 18

 31 LO BI.2.11
Because the woodpecker finch and the warbler finch are different species, they
probably

A- Cannot interbreed.

B- Lack homologous structures.

C- Develop from very different embryos.

D- Are more similar to glyptodonts than to each other.

32 LO BI.2.11
38- Which of the following are not examples of analogous structures?

A- Wings of bat and butterfly

B- Wings of bat and forelimb of cattle

C- Thorn and spine

D- Tendril of Lathyrus and tendril of Gloriosa

33 LO BI.2.11
When selection favors homozygotes over heterozygotes ……………………….. .
A- Genetic variation among populations will decline.
The most common outcome will be that the most common allele will become
B-
fixed (will increase to a frequency of 1) in the population.
Both alleles are maintained in the population at frequencies different from
C-
those predicted by Hardy-Weinberg principles.
D- The genetic variation within a population is maintained over time
Need more clarificación

Use the above figure to answer the following questions (34 and 35)

Subject: BIOLOGY - Grade: 2 Page 9 of 18

 34 LO BI.2.11
Which extinct species should be the best candidate to serve as the out-group for
the clade whose common ancestor occurs at position 2 in the above figure?
A- A
B- B
C- C
D- D
35 LO BI.2.11
If the figure is an accurate depiction of relatedness, then which of the following
should be correct? Not included in the LO
1. The entire tree is based on maximum parsimony.
2. If all species depicted here make up a taxon, this taxon is monophyletic.
3. The last common ancestor of species B and C occurred more recently than the
last common ancestor of species D and E.
4. Species A is the direct ancestor of both species B and species C.
5. The species present at position 3 is ancestral to C, D, and E.
A- 1 and 3
B- 3 and 4
C- 2, 3, and 4
D- 1, 2, and 3
36 LO BI.2.11
If organisms A, B, and C belong to the same class but to different orders and if
organisms D, E, and F belong to the same order but to different families, which of
the following pairs of organisms would be expected to show the greatest degree of
structural homology?
A- A and C
B- B and D
C- C and F
D- D and F

37 LO BI.2.11
Based on this tree, which statement is not correct?

A- The salamander lineage is a basal taxon.

Salamanders are a sister group to the group containing lizards, goats, and
B-
humans.
C- Salamanders are as closely related to goats as to humans.
D- Lizards are more closely related to salamanders than to humans.

Subject: BIOLOGY - Grade: 2 Page 10 of 18

 38 LO BI.2.11
Which of the following best describes vestigial structures?
A- Vestigial structures are small structures that are not present in close relatives.
B- Vestigial structures have not yet been identified in humans.
Vestigial structures are well-developed structures that have a different
C-
function in close relatives.
Vestigial structures are functionless or rudimentary homologs of characters
D-
that are functional in close relatives.
39 LO BI.2.12
Microevolution, or evolution at its smallest scale, occurs when……
A- an individual's traits change in response to environmental factors.
a community of organisms changes due to the extinction of several
B-
dominant species.
C- a new species arises from an existing species.
D- a population's allele frequencies change over a span of generations.
40 LO BI.2.12
The studies of changes between black and light color in populations of the peppered
moth show that

A- natural selection can quickly change allele frequencies and common

phenotypes in a population
B species can always adapt to environmental changes predators prefer
light colored moths
C- dark colored moths are physiologically superior to light colored moths
D- natural selection produces irreversible changes
41 LO BI.2.12
What is the only factor that can change allele frequencies in populations to produce
adaptive evolutionary change? Not clarified
A- mutation
B- gene flow
C- selection
D- genetic drift

Subject: BIOLOGY - Grade: 2 Page 11 of 18

 42 LO BI.2.12
Males of different species of the fruit fly Drosophila that live in the same parts of
the Hawaiian Islands have different elaborate courtship rituals. These rituals
involve fighting other males and making stylized movements that attract females.
What type of reproductive isolation does this represent?

A- geographic
B- mechanical
C- behavioral
D- gametic
43 LO BI.2.12
According to natural selection theory,
Adaptations beneficial in one habitat should generally be beneficial in all
A-
other habitats
Different species occupying the same habitat will adapt to that habitat by
B-
undergoing the same genetic changes
Adaptations beneficial at one time should generally be beneficial during all
C-
other times
Well-adapted individuals leave more offspring, and thus contribute more to
D-
the next generation's gene pool, than do poorly adapted individuals.
44 LO BI.2.12
What is used to determine phylogeny?
A- mutations
B- DNA
C- evolutionary history
D- organisms on earth

45 LO BI.2.12
According to Darwin, adaptive traits will increase in frequency
A- As mutation rate increases due to environmental pressure
B- If they promote survival and reproduction
C- If the alleles that control them decrease competitiveness
D- As population grow smaller

Subject: BIOLOGY - Grade: 2 Page 12 of 18

 46 LO BI.2.12
Genetic diversity was ___________________________ in populations of the greater
prairie chicken in Illinois. Not clarified

A- lost through mutation and restored by natural selection

B- lost through genetic drift and restored by natural selection
C- lost through gene flow and restored by mutation
D- lost through genetic drift and restored by gene flow
47 LO BI.2.12
In the accompanying figure, the taxon labeled II is:

A- monophyletic
B- paraphyletic
C- polyphyletic
D- a clade
48 LO BI.2.12
Which of the following dose not result in variation in alleles from one generation to the
next
A- Change in chromosome numbers and structure
B- Crossing over during meiosis
C- Asexual reproduction
D- Independent Assortment of alleles during gametogenesis
49 LO BI.2.13
Which of the following factors is most likely to contribute to gene flow between
populations?
A- random mating
B- migration
C- mutation
D- genetic drift
Subject: BIOLOGY - Grade: 2 Page 13 of 18
 50 LO BI.2.13
Your friend is wary of environmentalists' claims that global warming could lead to
major biological change on Earth. Which of the following statements can you use in
response to your friend's suspicions?
Through measurements and observations, we know that CO2 levels and
A-
temperature fluctuations are directly correlated, even in prehistoric times.
Global warming could have significant effects on agriculture in the United
B-
States.
Sea levels will likely rise, displacing as much as 50% of the world's human
C-
population.
D- All statements listed could be used.

51 LO BI.2.13
Two species of cichlid fish living in Lake Victoria
. Females of these two species normally were able
to identify and mate with males of their own
species. What type of reproductive barrier is
most obviously separating these two different
species?

A- Habitat isolation
B- Temporal isolation
C- Behavioral isolation
D- Gametic isolation
52 LO BI.2.13
Which of the following strategies would most rapidly increase the genetic diversity
of a population in an extinction vortex?
Capture all remaining individuals in the population for captive breeding
A-
followed by reintroduction to the wild.
B- Establish a reserve that protects the population's habitat.
Introduce new individuals transported from other populations of the same
C-
species.
D- Sterilize the least fit individuals in the population.

Subject: BIOLOGY - Grade: 2 Page 14 of 18

 53 LO BI.2.13
One characteristic that distinguishes a population in an extinction vortex from
most other populations is that
A- Its habitat is fragmented.
B- It is a rare, top-level predator.
C- Its effective population size is much lower than its total population size.
D- Its genetic diversity is very low.
54 LO BI.2.14
The level of biodiversity affected in the previous situation is:

A- Genetic diversity
B- Species diversity
C- Ecosystem diversity
D- Both a & b is correct
55 LO BI.2.14
The major human causes of extinction today are
A- Hunting and destroying habitats.
B- Polluting and introducing non-native species.
C- Both (a) and (b)
D- Neither (a) nor (b)
56 LO BI.2.14
In which row in the chart below is a human action correctly paired with the
environmental impact:

A- 1
B- 2
C- 3
D- 4
57 LO BI.2.14
Biodiversity of a geographical region represents:
A- Genetic diversity present in the dominant species of the region
B- The diversity in the organisms living in the region
C- Species endemic to the region
D- Endangered species found in the region

Subject: BIOLOGY - Grade: 2 Page 15 of 18

Over the past decade more than 46,000 hectar
es of the Mau forests, Kenya

have been cut off and converted to other land

uses, such as human settlement and private

agriculture. The large-scale encroachment of

(invasion of ) human populations, charcoal

production and the cutting of indigenous

trees are causing massive deforestation, with severe impacts on

water resources, leading to the drying up of boreholes and rivers. Read this

passage and answer questions (58 and 59)

58 LO BI.2.14
From the previous what is the type of the human impact on the biodiversity
A- Over exploitation
B- Habitat destruction
C- Breeding and cloning
D- Introduce a species
59 LO BI.2.14
The level of biodiversity affected in the previous situation is:
A- Genetic diversity
B- Species diversity
C- Ecosystem diversity
D- Both a & b is correct
60 LO BI.2.14
Which of the following does not preserves biodiversity?
Isolating unique genetic material so it can be incorporated into existing
A-
crops.
B- Increasing the chances of discovering organisms with medicinal value.
C- Preventing natural evolution.
D- Finding new plants that can supplement the world’s food supply.

Subject: BIOLOGY - Grade: 2 Page 16 of 18

 List of data, formulae and relationships

Subject: BIOLOGY - Grade: 2 Page 17 of 18

 BLANK PAGE

Subject: BIOLOGY - Grade: 2 Page 18 of 18