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Modern History of Bihar Part-2
Role of Bihar in the freedom movement:
• MOTHERLAND newspaper was started in September 1921 by Mazhar-ul-Haque to
propagate Hindu-Muslim unity.
• Non-Cooperation Movement - Gandhiji led picketing of liquor shops in December 1920
o J P Narayan left Patna College before his examination to participate in the
movement.
• All India Congress Session December 1922, Gaya presided by Chittaranjan Das. It saw
two factions of the Congress clashonentry to Legislative Council.
o Pro-changers - C R Das, Motilal Nehru, Vitthalbhai Patel, and Ajmal Khan
o No-changers - Vallabhbhai Patel, C Rajagopalachari and M A Ansari
o Pro-changers formed Swaraj Dal with Narayan Prasad as Chairman and Abdul
Bari as Secretary
o A branch of Swaraj Dal was formed in Bihar in 1923 under Srikrishna Singh.
However, it was not very effective in Bihar
• The boycott of the Simon Commission was led by Anugrah Narayan Sinha
• Chhapra Jail Strike - as a protest against lathi charge on Rajendra Prasad and Abdul Bari.
• Civil Disobedience movement - Peasants also refused to pay chaukidari tax.
o Swadeshi Committee was set up in Patna for organizing events.
o Sacchidanand Sinha, Hasan Imam, Chandravati Devi, Ramsunder Singh
o Bihpur Satyagraha was carried out around the same time.
• Bihar Socialist Party formed by Ganga Sharan Sinha, Rambriksha Benipuri and
Ramanand Mishra in 1931
• Bihar Congress Socialist Party formed in 1934 with J P Narayan as General Secretary and
Acharya Narayan Dev as President
• General Elections, 1937 after the GoI act 1935 provided for some provincial autonomy,
Congress got the majority in both Legislative Assembly and Legislative Council but
refused to form the government.
o Later Mohammad Yunus became first Prime Minister of Bihar of minority govt.
o 3 months later on 20 July 1937, Sri Krishna Singh became the premier and
formed the cabinet.
o Ramdayalu Singh as first Speaker of Legislative Council
o Abdul Bari as first deputy Speaker of Legislative Council.
o Bihar Tenancy Amendment Act removed problems of Kashtkari Bandobast
• Sheel Bhadra Yajee joined Subhash Chandra Bose to found All India Forward Bloc and
was also associated with the
• Quit India Movement - National Flag was unfurled at the Legislative Assembly
Peasant Movement:
• Kisan Sabha organized by MohammadZubair and SrikrishnaSingh in 1922
• Bihar Provincial Kisan Sabha was formed by Swami Sahajanand Saraswati in 1929
against Zamindari attacks.
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• Zamindars also formed the United Political Party to suppress peasants
• Bihar Kisan Sabha was formed in 1933
• In 1936, when All India Kisan Sabha was formed at Lucknow, Swami Sahajanand
Saraswati was its President.
• Peasant movement was an important side effect of the independence movement aimed at
overthrowing the feudal zamindari system. It was led by Swami Sahajanand Saraswati
• HUNKAR - Hindi weekly of the peasant movement in Bihar by Pandit Yamuna Karjee
and Rahul Sanskrityayan in 1940
Tribal Movement:
REVOLT LEADERS PERIOD
Ho and Munda Raja Parhat The 1820s C
Kol Budhu Bhagat 1831 C
Bhumij Ganga Narayan 1832 Singbh
Santhal Sidhu and Kanhu 1855 Ra
Munda Birsa Munda 1899 C
Tana Bhagat Jatra Bhagat 1914 C
• Revolts were mainly against British annexation of land or their revenue policy or
occupation by outsiders or for forest rights. They were localized, unorganized and very
violent.
• Santhal Pargana was created by the British to pacify the Santhal uprising. Kanhu was
arrested in 1866.
• Munda Revolt - Forest Regulation Act 1865 empowered the British govt. to declare any
forest land as Government Forest and make rules for it. Under Birsa Munda, it was a
socio-religious movement (Ulgulan) with agrarian and political content. Birsa was
captured on 3rd March 1900.
• Tana Bhagat Movement - mainly a religious movement with the adoption of Hindu
practices.
Post-Independence history:
• First President of India Dr Rajendra Prasad was from Bihar
• First Governor of Bihar - Jairamdas Daulatram
• First Chief Minister of Bihar - Dr Krishna Singh
• On 15 November 2000, the modern state of Jharkhand was carved out from southern
Bihar.
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Most Important Study Notes
67th BPSC/CDPO Bihar Special: Geography Preparation Tips, Strategy and Study Material
(Free PDF)
67th BPSC/CDPO Bihar Special: Polity Preparation Tips, Strategy and Study Material (Free
PDF)
67th BPSC/CDPO Bihar Special: Environment & Ecology Strategy and Study Material (Free
PDF)
67th BPSC/CDPO Bihar Special: Art and Culture Preparation Strategy and Study Material
(Free PDF)
67th BPSC/CDPO Bihar Special: CSAT Preparation Tips, Strategy and Study Material (Free
PDF)
67th BPSC/CDPO Bihar Special: History Preparation Tips, Strategy and Study Material (Free
PDF)
67th BPSC/CDPO Bihar Special: Economy Preparation Tips, Strategy and Study Material
(Free PDF)
67th BPSC/CDPO Bihar Special: Monthly Current Affairs Magazine (Free PDF)
Surprise | 67th BPSC/CDPO सुदर्शन चक्र : Complete Study Material Package Free PDFs
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