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ISO 9001:2015 | ISO 14001:2015 | ISO 45001:2018

IPP Client Name

EPCC/OMS KP Energy Limited/KP Energy OMS Limited

OEM WTG Make Name & Capacity

Site Details Location of Site i.e. Village Name, Gujarat

Subject: SOP (SHUTDOWN OF 33 KV SWITCHGEAR AT PSS)

Prepared by Review & approved by Owner of Document:

KPEL KPEL KPEL

QHSE Team Central Planning and Project Team Surat Head Office

Category: IMS-Integrated Management System

Doc. Type: EPCC/OMS Document.

1.

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Table of Contents.

1. Introduction
2. Objective
3. Scope
4. Permit to work (PTW)
5. Hazards of Operating on Electrical Equipment
6. Impact of Hazards on Switchgear Operations

7. Close Proximity
8. Safety Precautions for Medium Voltage Switchgear

1. ISITE
Secure Procedures for Medium Voltage (MV) Switchgear Operation
Step-1: Switching
Step-2: Isolation Procedures
Step-3: Testing
Step-4: Earthing

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Introduction
To be safe while using Medium Voltage equipment, we must adhere to the safety standards and
operating requirements. general safe operations on the medium voltage equipment, including.

 Switching,
 Isolating,
 Testing,
 Earthing,
 PTW & LOTO

Objective:

To ensure a safe and systematic shutdown of the 33kV switchgear for maintenance,
inspection, or other operational requirements.

Scope:
Applicable for all personnel involved in the shutdown of the 33kV switchgear system,
including safety supervisors, electricians, and technicians.

Hazards of Operating on Electrical Equipment

There are five various types of hazards linked with the use of electrical equipment.

1.Electric shock.

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2. Electric Burns.
3. Fire & explosion.
4. Increase in Heat
5.Mechanical Hazards.
Electric Shock
It is impossible to detect whether an electrical conductor (or) terminal is alive simply by looking at it; it must be
examined with an appropriate approved tester. Then it should be kept safe in such a way that it cannot be electrified
by anybody else while being worked

Electrical Burns

Medium Voltage does not require contact with a conductor (or) terminal to cause burns. Air does not
ordinarily conduct electricity; but, when a human comes too close to an improperly insulated electrical
wire, the air can break down & establish a conducting channel between them and the earth. Coils &
capacitors store electrical energy & release it once the power is switched off; consequently, they
should be depleted before work gets started.

Fire & Explosion

Working with Medium Voltage equipment carries a high risk of fire and explosion due to the
huge fault currents that may pass through the system. Circuit Breakers (CBs), Molded
Case Circuit Breaker (MCCB),
provide a specific risk. Operator errors may additionally cause faults, such as energizing a wire when
the other end is earthed.

Increase in Heat

Heat can accumulate in wires. When a lightweight extension lead is utilized for heavy-duty
applications, it becomes hot. Whenever possible, avoid utilizing extension leads. If they must be used,
make sure they can handle the current without overheating. Do not string them overhead, across
hallways, or beneath mats, where heat might accumulate and fully stretch them.

Mechanical Hazards

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Electricity is frequently utilized to power machinery; rotating machinery & moving parts are a
constant source of risk; constantly maintain
protections in place. Ensure that the machines that are working on cannot be turned on without prior
authorization.

Impact of Hazards on Switchgear Operations

Because there is a considerable risk of

 Flashover,
 Shock, Arcing, and
 Other hazards

When operating in a Medium Voltage setting, lower voltages are often regarded with neglection.

The most dangerous aspect of electricity is that live & dead apparatus are unrecognizable.

As a result, never assume that apparatus is dead; instead, assume that it is alive.

Electricity can leap through gaps, approaching too close can be fatal, therefore keeping close
proximity distances.

Close Proximity
Close Proximity is the shortest distance that any portion of a person’s body or work tool can come
into contact with an unearthed LV conductor or an unearthed & unscreened MV/HV conductor.

Voltage Rating Clearance

< or = 11 KV 0.2m

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11 KV to 33 KV 0.43m

Safety Precautions for Medium Voltage Switchgear

Personal Protection Equipment (PPE)

When working in a potentially hazardous environment, always wear the PPE listed below, as
mandated by the Code of Safe Practices.

Flame-resistant apparel (FR)

Hood and smock
Hand protection
Eye protection
Hard Hat
Code of Safe Procedures describes potentially unsafe conditions.

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Minimum Safe Working Distance

Some enclosures keep powered, high-voltage equipment in easy reach.

Access enclosures containing energized, high-voltage equipment for visual examination only.

Maintain a safe working distance from the energized equipment as prescribed. Before unlocking and
accessing any compartments, consider all equipment inside as electrified, unless and until it has been
cleared & powered off.

Use Remote Racking Equipment

Remote racking devices enable the removal & insertion of the metal-clad breakers from an
electrified bus while the equipment operator remains beyond the arc-flash boundary.

Remote racking equipment, like metal-clad switchgear, vary, thus understanding their individual
properties is essential. Before using remote racking equipment, follow the instructions provided by
the manufacturer.

Utilizing the Maintenance Slow Closing Device

The maintenance slow-closing device should not be used to manually close any type of circuit breaker
that is powered at the primary voltage. The slow- closing device lacks enough force & speed to ensure
safe & proper operation.

Precautions for vacuum metal-clad switchgear

Although the maintenance methods for the vacuum metal-clad switchgear are identical to those for
other electrical devices, two regions demand additional care.

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During normal operation & high-pot (HIPOT) tests, the primary shield in an interrupter, along with
other high-voltage components, can accumulate electrical charges.

The shield is linked to the insulating bottle’s external mid-band ring. These charges typically stay
after the high voltage is withdrawn.

To remove charge before touching

 Interrupter,
 Connections,
 Circuit breaker studs,
 Bushings,
 Ground the bushings and
 Mid-band ring with a clip jumper.

Protection against High Voltage

Don’t depend on the insulation covering the connectors & bus conductors in the metal-clad
equipment to protect human beings from excessive voltage

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Always assume high-voltage equipment is energized until it has been tested dead & subsequently
grounded.

Grounding Bus Sections

Cleared bus portions in certain indoor stations might extend across multiple cubicles or levels.

Before operating on or near equipment in cubicles (or) on floors where the ground/earthing is not
visible, make sure it is deenergized.

Install grounds/earthing as close to the work site as possible.

Certain circumstances necessitate numerous ground sites to ensure personal safety.

Before reporting off and turning on the equipment, make sure that the grounds have been
cleared of all areas.

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I.S.I.T.E.
I – Identify/ Determine the correct operational location & correct operating device.

S – Switch Off

I – Isolate / Rack out the breaker T- Test

E – Earth

 Identify the appropriate substation/MSS, etc.

 Select the correct circuit breaker or isolator.
 Open circuit breaker/isolator.
 To isolate the circuit breaker, rack it out or down.
 Test with an authorized voltage detector.
 Connect effectively to the earth using suitable methods.

Secure Procedures for Medium Voltage (MV) Switchgear

Operation

Step-1: Switching

Circuit Breaker Switch

Circuit breakers can be opened in a variety of ways; remote operation is preferable. Always
operate through SCADA.

Local:

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Electrically, use an open/close switch. Mechanically, press the trip button. Some circuit breakers include
emergency trip buttons (or) foot pedals. Local Mode is preferred only when not operated through
continuous command through SCADA

Remote:

Utilizing remote operating panel, remote operating device, and SCADA (Supervisory Control
and Data Acquisition).

Circuit breakers must be opened remotely whenever possible. If the procedure takes place
locally at the panel, it is advised that the proper Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) be
worn (Flash Suit).

Panel Switch.

are manually opened with the appropriate operational handle.

The ‘T’ Off to the transformer can be equipped with a circuit breaker (or) fuse as activated by
pressing a button on the unit’s front.

They can also be equipped with an electrical remote operating mechanism, similar to a circuit
breaker.

Step-2 Isolation Procedures

The authorized Person will carry out necessary isolations using personal locks in accordance
with the rules and regulations and PTW &
LOTO. Following that, do safety tests utilizing an appropriate approved tester to make sure that the
mains (or) equipment is dead, and place danger tags at all control points.

Control Point

A location on the system where a main (or) equipment can be switched, isolated, and grounded.

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When isolating, the equipment needs to be disconnected from all potential sources of energy, not
simply electricity.

As a result, we must evaluate the sources of harmful energy and compounds listed below.

Hazardous Energy

 Electrical, pneumatic, hydraulic,

 Stored (springs, batteries). Potential (because of position),
 Heat (hot water, steam),
 Radiation.

Hazardous Chemicals

 Gases, vapors, liquids, & dusts that have the potential to induce injury or sickness,
such as toxic, corrosive, or combustible.
 All plants and equipment require written isolation procedures; these procedures will
outline a step-by-step process for isolating and keeping the system, plant, or equipment
safe.
 In conditions of electrical isolation, a voltage test must be performed using an
appropriate authorized tester to check that the mains and/or device are dead. Authorized
Isolation is performed in accordance with rules and regulations. Control points need to
be locked with personal locks.
 Danger tags need to be placed at all sites of isolation.

Note: The locking of the control points & the application of danger tags are required for safe isolation,
and isolation will not be considered complete until those conditions are completed.

Locking off Live Shutters

All live shutters must be locked with a personal lock.

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Cable shutters must be classified as live shutters since the cable might be back fed, for example,
through an open point on a ring; thus, both bus bar & cable shutters must be locked.

Step-3: Testing

Before applying earthing equipment, the conductor must be examined to ensure it is dead.
Any certified Medium Voltage equipment should be visually examined for faults prior to use.

When testing Medium Voltage, use the three-point test: test the tester on a known live source (or) a
manufacturer-supplied test box, test all three phases, and then retest the tester.

There are various varieties of voltage testers on the market, and each has a specific use:

Voltage Detector (Live Tester)

Used to determine the existence of voltage. A live tester must touch the conductor being tested to identify
whether it is alive or dead. There are two types of live testers: S and L.
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 S type – for use with switchgear.

 L-type – for use on overhead lines.

Phase Comparison/Phasing Sticks (Live Tester)

Used to ensure that circuits remain in phase with one another. A phase comparator must be
used to compare phases rather than to detect voltages. Ring feeds are being phased in.

It is necessary to phase in medium voltage equipment before energizing cable circuits to ensure
proper phase rotation when cable networks are maintained and extended.

Electrical phasing is necessary for new equipment installations that require breaking into a ring
feed, such as new substations.

After repairing a ring feed cable, or while terminating one. · Connecting and/or terminating an
existing cable that will be returned to service.

Voltage Detector (Proximity Tester)

Used for overhead lines. This tester does not need to make contact
with conductor under test to identify whether it is alive or dead; it detects the magnetic field and so
only operates on bare and unscreened conductors.

Step-4: Earthing

Connected to the earth’s main mass in such a way that an immediate and safe discharge of electricity is
always possible. There are various distinct earthing methods:

 Integral Earthing
 Earthing Carriage
 Earthing Truck
 Portable Earths

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The circuit breaker includes integral earthing, which eliminates the need for additional attachments to
earth the circuit. There is no electrical tripping
in earth position of a circuit breaker with inherent earthing, hence the manual trip button must
be turned off.

Earthing Carriages are typically used to ground bus bars and use the circuit breaker which has been
disconnected.

Earthing Trucks are typically utilized to ground the circuit racks after the circuit breaker has been
completely removed.

Portable earths are typically utilized on overhead wires (or) as working earths when work is
being done distant from wherever the control point earths have been installed, such as capacitor
banks.

Revision History
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