Science 6 Vaccinations Page 70
efore the late 18th century, thousands of people died every year
B from such diseases as smallpox, typhoid and cholera. Doctors
tried unsuccessfully to treat patients with these diseases while
scientists struggled to find suitable cures. The big breakthrough came
from an unexpected source: an unknown country doctor in England.
octor Edward century
D Jenner was
experimenting with
A later, the next
significant
ways of vaccinating development was made
against smallpox by a French chemist, Dr
when he noticed Louis Pasteur. He
that people developed Jenner’s
working with cows work and showed that
did not suffer the diseases are
disease. On May spread by germs . He also proved that
14th, 1796, Jenner successfully used vaccination using a very weak form the
the first vaccine against smallpox to disease could lead to immunity. Pasteur’s
immunize a patient. The word vaccine breakthrough came in 1885 when he
comes from the Latin cow, because treated a boy who had been bitten by a
Jenner’s vaccine was developed from rapid dog. Although Pasteur was
cowpox, a disease similar to smallpox successful, many other doctors were
but only found in cattle. Jenner’s work against the idea of vaccination. They felt
with a cowpox vaccine was the first that it was dangerous. They were soon
scientific attempt to control a disease proved wrong, and by the 20th century
by immunization. vaccinations were commonplace.
AIDS is one of the most feared diseases in history. Millions
of dollars are being spent on research into developing a
vaccine against AIDS. Scientists think that AIDS developed
from the blood of monkeys in Central Africa. The first cases
of AIDS in humans were diagnosed in the early 1970s.
once AIDS had infected people, transmission around the
world was rapid. Modern drugs have helped with some
aspects of the illness, but they do not provide a cure. The
only long-term hope is in the development of a vaccine. We
need the modern-day equivalents of scientists like Jenner
and Pasteur.
Book 6 Summary عدنان الشرعبي/ أ
The words
vaccinate v = يلقح او يطعم
vaccination n = التلقيح او التطعيم
vaccine n = اللقاح
disease n = مرض
smallpox n = مرض الجـدري
typhoid n = مرض التيفوئيد
cholera n = مرض الكوليرا
try v tried tried = يحاول
succeed v = ينجح
successful adj = ناجح
successfully adv = بنجـاح
success n = النجاح
treat v = يعالج مرض
treatment n = المعالجة
struggle v = )يكافح (يعمل بجد
suit v = يناسب او يالئم
suitable adj = مناسب
cure v,n = يعالج
breakthrough n = اكتشاف هام ومفاجيء
expect v = يتوقع
expected adj = متوقع
unexpected adj = غير متوقع
source n = مصدر
unknown adj = غير معروف
country doctor = طبيب قروي
patient n = مريض
Edward Jenner
experiment v,n = تجربة
notice v = يالحظ
suffer v = ...يصاب بــ
immunize v = يطعم او يلقح
immunization n = التطعيم او التحصين
immune adj = محصن او مطعم ضد مرض
immunity n = المناعة
cowpox n = مرض جدري البقر
Book 6 Summary عدنان الشرعبي/ أ
similar adj = مشابه او متشابه
cattle n = )الماشية (االبقار
scientific adj = علمي
attempt n = محاولة
control v,n = يتحكم في
Louis Pasteur
significant adj = هام
significance n = اهمية
develop v = يطور
development n = تطوير او تطور
germs n = جراثم
weak form = كمية ضئيلة
bite v bit bitten = يعض
rabid dog = كلب مسعور
commonplace adj = منتشر
AIDS
feared adj = مرعب
case n = حالة
central Africa = وسط افريقيا
human n,adj = االنسان
diagnose v = يشخص او يتعرف على المرض
diagnosis n = تشخيص
once conj = عندما
infect v = يعدي
infection n = عدوى
transmit v = ينقل
transmission n = نقل
aspects n = اوجـه
rapid adj = سريع
drugs n = أدوية
ill adj = مريض
illness n = المرض
provide v = يعطي
long-term adj = طويل االمد
hope v,n = االمل
modern-day adj = )المعاصر (في هذه االيام
equivalent n = النظير او المكافيء
Book 6 Summary عدنان الشرعبي/ أ
Information summary ملخص للمعلومات في الدرس
Vaccinations
1. Typhoid, cholera and smallpox are very dangerous diseases.
2. Typhoid, cholera and smallpox killed thousands of people before 18th century.
3. Doctors couldn't treat patients with these three diseases.
4. Scientists couldn't find cures for these diseases.
5. A country doctor in England made the breakthrough.
Edward Jenner
6. He noticed that people working with cows don't suffer smallpox.
7. On May 14th 1796 he used the first vaccine.
8. The word vaccine comes from Latin.
9. Vaccine means cow.
10. Jenner developed his vaccine from cowpox.
11. Cowpox is a disease found in cattle.
12. Smallpox is found in people.
13. Jenner's work was the first attempt to control a disease by immunization.
Louis Pasteur
14. Dr Louis Pasteur was a French chemist.
15. He showed that diseases are spread by germs.
16. He proved that vaccination using a weak form of a disease leads to immunity.
17. In 1885 he treated a boy who was bitten by a rabid dog.
18. By the 20th century vaccinations were commonplace.
AIDS
19. AIDS is one of the most feared diseases in history.
20. AIDS developed from the blood of monkeys in central Africa.
21. AIDS was diagnosed in humans in 1970s.
22. Modern drugs do not provide cure to AIDS.
Science 6 activity
Write True (T) or False(F)
1. One of the following isn’t a disease. ( )
1) cholera 2) typhoid 3) smallpox 4) vaccine
2. Doctors tried unsuccessfully to ______ patients.
1) treat 2) help 3) find 4) take
3. Scientists struggled to find _____ for the patients.
1) homes 2) cures 3) hospitals 4) doctors
4. The _____ came from a country doctor in England.
1) source 2) treatment 3) breakthrough 4) medicine
Edward Jenner
5. Jenner experimented vaccinating against ______
1) cowpox 2) typhoid 3) cholera 4) smallpox
Book 6 Summary عدنان الشرعبي/ أ
6. People working with _____ didn’t suffer smallpox.
1) cows 2) goats 3) camels 4) sheep
7. In 1796 Jenner used the first ______
1) drug 2) vaccine 3) experiment 4) cure
8. The word vaccine comes from ____
1) English 2) Arabic 3) Latin 4) Greek
9. Jenner’s vaccine was developed from ______
1) typhoid 2) cholera 3) smallpox 4) cowpox
10. Cowpox is found in _____
1) cattle 2) people 3) dogs 4) sheep
11. Jenner’s work was the first attempt of _____
1) cure 2) immunization 3) treatment 4) experiment
Louis Pasteur
12. Louis Pasteur ________ Jenner’s work
1) took 2) left 3) developed 4) studied
13. Pasteur showed that diseases spread by _____
1) animals 2) flies 3) insects 4) germs
14. A very weak form of a disease leads to ____
1) immunity 2) treatment disease 4) infection
15. Pasteur treated a boy who had been bitten by a ____ dog.
1) big 2) rabid 3) dangerous 4) strong
16. Many doctors were against the idea of _______
1) treatment 2) cure 3) vaccination 4) immunity
17. By the 20th century vaccines were _____
1) left out 2) stopped 3) dangerous 4) commonplace
AIDS
18. AIDS is a _____ disease.
1) feared 2) safe 3) secure 4) old
19. Millions of dollars are being spent for a _______ against AIDS.
1) cure 2) vaccine 3) treatment 4) medicine
20. AIDS developed from the blood of _____
1) people 2) cows 3) monkeys 4) cats
21. We need ______ like Jenner and Pasteur.
1) persons 2) people 3) students 4) scientist
اسئلة وزارية
22 Vaccine is a strong form of a disease . ( )
23 Dr. Edward Jenner invented the zero . ( )
24 AIDS developed from the blood of monkeys . ( )
25 Vaccines nowadays are commonplace . ( )
26 AIDS was found in the blood of cats . ( )
27 A disease found only in cattle is cowpox . ( )
Book 6 Summary عدنان الشرعبي/ أ
28 AIDS came from African monkeys . ( )
29 Smallpox is a disease that is only found in cattle . ( )
30 A weak form of the disease leads to immunity . ( )
31 The word vaccine comes from the Latin cow. ( )
32 A noun from " vaccinate" is vaccination or vaccine . ( )
33 Vaccination means giving disease to prevent disease. ( )
34 Vaccination is used to spread disease. ( )
35 Vaccination is the use of a very weak form of a disease. ( )
36 Smallpox is a disease that is only found in cattle. ( )
37 AIDS is developed from the blood of central African monkeys. ( )
38 A cowpox is a disease that affects people. ( )
39 AIDS is disease that was easily cured. ( )
Science 6 activity answers
1.4 2.1 3.2 4.3 5.4 6.1 7.2 8.3 9.4 10.1 11.2 12.3 13.4 14.1
15.2 6.3 17.4 18.1 19.2 20.3 21.4
22.F 23.F 24.T 25.T 26.F 27.T 28.T 29.T 30.T 31.T 32.T 33.T
34.F 35.T 36.T 37.T 38.F
39.F
Science 6 Workbook Page 102 - 103
A Read the texts and choose the best heading for each.
Introduction Box 1 (right)
a Vaccination in history a the cause of disease
b The need for vaccines b Giving disease to
c Disease that kill prevent disease
c The life of Pasteur
Box 1 (left) Box 2
a A vaccine for smallpox a The rise of AIDS
b The life of Jenner b Modern drugs and AIDS
c Smallpox and cowpox c The search for an AIDS
vaccine
Book 6 Summary عدنان الشرعبي/ أ
B number these sentences in the history of vaccination in order.
7 AIDS was diagnosed in humans.
2 Jenner noticed that people working with cows did not suffer the disease.
3 Jenner successfully vaccinated a patient.
6 AIDS developed from the blood of Central African monkeys.
9 Modern drugs help to control AIDS.
5 Pasteur showed that diseases were spread by germs.
4 AIDS spread around the world.
8 Pasteur successfully treated a boy who had been bitten by a rabid dog.
1 Thousands of people died every year from smallpox.
immunization immunity
vaccination vaccine
experiment
develop
transmission
treat
diagnose
infect
Book 6 Summary عدنان الشرعبي/ أ
