Aircraft roles.

With the expansion in the aviation industry today, aircrafts roles can
be expressed in the following five major heads which are further
classified under each head -

 Private
 Commercial
 Military
 Research and development or special category

•UAV: Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (remote control) or Drones

1.Private aircraft.
Private aircraft are the aircraft which can only be used for private use and should be
registered by the competent authority of a country. These aircrafts can not be used as a
source of income (remuneration)

•Gliders A glider is a type of vehicle which is used for the sport of gliding. They have rigid
wings and an undercarriage.

Gliders are of many types which are designed according to there use. For example:

•Motor gliders

•Hang gliders
•Paragliders

•Sport gliders.

Explaination of examples of gliders:

 Motor gliding.
A motor glider is an aircraft with fixed wings which can be flown with the help of a
motor or without motor. A fixed wing aerodyne equipped with a means of propulsion
(MoP), capable of sustained soaring flight without thrust from the means of
propulsion
Scheibe SF25C

General characteristics

Crew: 2
Length: 7.60 m (24 ft 11 in)

Wingspan: 15.30 m (50 ft 2 in)

Height: 1.68 m (5 ft 6 in) tailwheel undercarriage

Wing area: 18.20 m2 (195.9 sq ft)

Empty weight: 435 kg (959 lb)

Max takeoff weight: 650 kg (1,433 lb)

Fuel capacity: 55 L (14.5 UG gal, 12.0 Imp gal) standard

Powerplant: 1 × Rotax 512 A flat-4, aircooled with water cooled cylinder heads, 48 kW (65 hp)
Propellers: 2-bladed

Performance

Maximum speed: 190 km/h (118 mph; 103 kn)

Cruising speed: 180 km/h (112 mph; 97 kn) maximum

Stall speed: 65 km/h (40 mph; 35 kn)

Range: 700 km (435 mi; 378 nmi)

Service ceiling: 4,580 m (15,026 ft) (more than)

Maximum glide ratio: 23-24

Rate of sink: 1.0 m/s (200 ft/min) minimum

 Hang glider.
 hang glider is a device which looks like a kite from which a rider hangs while gliding
from a height. Gliding is a prosses of sliding from a height which allows a person to fly
by sliding in air.

Hang gliding and paragliding.

Hang gliding and paragliding are the 2 most closely related sports with hand glider. The main
difference is that both hang gliders and paragliders are simpler, less sophisticated and
cheaper aircraft that use the pilot's feet as the undercarriage
 
 Training
 A trainer is an aircraft which is used to teach pilots and aircrew.Civilian pilots are
normally trained in a light aircraft, with two or more seats to allow for student and
instructor.

Example: Cessna 152

General characteristics
Crew: 1
Capacity: 1 passenger (plus two children, limited to 60kgs with optional rear child seat)
Length: 24 ft 9 in (7.3 m)
Wingspan: 33 ft 4 in (10.2 m)
Height: 8 ft 6 in (2.6 m)
Wing area: 160 ft² (15 m²)
Empty weight: 1,111 lb (504 kg)
Useful load: 490 lb (220 kg)
Max. takeoff weight: 1,600 lb (730 kg)
Powerplant: 1 × Continental O-200-A flat-4 engine, 100 hp (75 kW) at 2,750 rpm
Propeller diameter: 5 ft 9 in (1.8 m)

Performance
Never exceed speed: 141 knots (162 mph, 259 km/h)
Cruise speed: 107 knots (123 mph, 198 km/h)
Stall speed: 42 knots (48 mph, 78 km/h)
Range: 366 nm (421 mi, 678 km)
Service ceiling: 14,000 ft (4,300 m)
Rate of climb: 670 ft/min (3.4 m/s)
lift-to-drag: 7
Fuel consumption: 6 US gal/h (23 L/h) of avgas
Max. wing loading: 10 lb/ft² (49 kg/m²)
Minimum power/mass: 0.063 hp/lb (100 W/kg)

 Pleasure.

Aircrafts are also used for pleasure purposes if someone is having a personal airplane. People
buy small planes for entertainment purposes also.

Some of the examples are Cessna 172, Learjet, citation etc.

Cessna 172.

The Cessna 172 Skyhawk is a four-seat, single-engine, high-wing fixed wing aircraft.
Specification.

General characteristics

Built: 1975
Crew: 1 pilot
Capacity: 3 passengers
Length: 27 ft 2 in (8.3 m)
Wingspan: 36 ft 1 in (11 m)
Height: 8 ft 11 in (2.7 m)
Wing area: 174 ft² (16.2 m²)
Maximum speed: 123 kts
Cruise speed: 122 kts

 AEROBATICS:
 For example- pitts special, yak, sukhoi etc. Aerobatics.

Aerobatics is a style of flying the airplane in different manner. It is the practice

of flying maneuvers involving aircraft attitudes that are not used in normal
flight. Aerobatics are performed in airplanes and gliders for training, recreation,
entertainment and sport.

Some of the exercises done in aerobatics are steep dive and climb, rolling, loop, reverse
loop, inverted flying, spiral dive and climb. Example is

Pitts special.

Pitts special is a plan designed as a single seater in 1943. It took 1 year to manufacture it.

Specification.
General characteristics

 Crew: Two
 Length: 18 ft 9 in (5.71 m)
 Wingspan: 20 ft 0 in (6.10 m)
 Height: 6 ft 7⅓ in (2.02 m)
 Wing area: 125 ft² (11.6 m²)
 Empty weight: 1,150 lb (521 kg)
 Max. takeoff weight: 1,625 lb (737 kg)
 Powerplant: 1 × Textron Lycoming AEIO-540-D4A5 flat-six air cooled piston engine, 260 hp
(194 kW)
Performance
Never exceed speed: 182 knots (210 mph, 338 km/h)

 Cruise speed: 152 knots (175 mph, 282 km/h) (max cruise)
 Stall speed: 52 knots (60 mph, 97 km/h)
 Range: 277 NM (319 mi, 513 km)
 Service ceiling: 21,000 ft (6,400 m)
 Rate of climb: 2,700 ft/min (13.7 m/s)
 Wing loading: 13.0 lb/ft² (63.6 kg/m²)
 Power/mass: 0.16 hp/lb (0.26 kW/kg)
Yakovlev Yak-52
A descendant of the single-seat competition aerobatic Yakovlev Yak-50, the all-metal Yak-
52 is powered by a 268 kW (360 hp) Vedeneyev M14P 9-cylinder radial engine. The aircraft
has inverted fuel and oil systems permitting inverted flight for as long as two minutes. The
engine drives a two-bladed counter-clockwise rotating, variable pitch, wood and
fiberglass laminate propeller.
Specification.

General characteristics

 Crew: 2
 Length: 7.745 m (25 ft 5 in)
 Wingspan: 9.30 m (30 ft 6¼ in)
 Height: 2.70 m (8 ft 10¼ in)
 Wing area: 15 m² (161.5 ft²)
 Empty weight: 1,015 kg (2,238 lb)
 Max. takeoff weight: 1,305 kg (2,877 lb)
 Powerplant: 1 × Vedeneyev M-14P 9-cylinder radial engine, 268 kW (360 hp)
Performance

 Never exceed speed: 360 km/h (194 kn, 223 mph)

 Maximum speed: 285 km/h (154 kn, 177 mph) at sea level
 Cruise speed: 190 km/h (103 kn, 118 mph) econ cruise at 1,000 m (3,280 ft)
 Stall speed: 85-90 km/h (46-49 kn, 53-56 mph)
 Range: 550 km (296 nmi, 341 mi)
 Service ceiling: 4,000 m (13,125 ft)
 Rate of climb: 7.0 m/s (1,378 ft/min)
 Power/mass: 0.18 hp/lb (300 W/kg)
 Yakovlev Yak-52s

2.Commercial aircraft.
Commercial aircrafts are the aircrafts which are registered by the competent authority of a
country for commercial use. Competent authority of India is DGCA.

Some of the examples of commercial aircraft are the following:

1. Passenger
 Passenger aircraft are the aircraft which are used for transporting people or cargo from
one place to another. These planes are owned by a company.

Airbus A380
The Airbus A380 is a double-deck, wide-body, four-engine jet airliner manufactured by the
European corporation Airbus, a subsidiary of EADS.

Measurement A380-800 A380F

Cockpit crew Two

Seating capacity 525 (3-class)[102]

644 (2-class)

853 (1-class) 12 couriers

Length overall72.73 m (238.6 ft)[241]

Wingspan 79.75 m (261.6 ft)[242]

Height 24.45 m (80.2 ft)[241]

Wheelbase 33.58 m (110.2 ft) wing landing gear

36.85 m (120.9 ft) body landing gear[241]

Wheel track 12.46 m (40.9 ft)[241]

Outside fuselage width 7.14 m (23.4 ft)

Outside fuselage height 8.41 m (27.6 ft)

Maximum cabin width 6.58 m (21.6 ft) main deck

5.92 m (19.4 ft) upper deck (floor level)

Cabin length 49.9 m (164 ft) main deck

44.93 m (147.4 ft) upper deck

Wing area 845 m2 (9,100 sq ft)

Aspect ratio 7.5

Wing sweep 33.5°

Maximum taxi/ramp weight 562,000 kg (1,240,000 lb) 592,000 kg (1,310,000 lb)

Maximum take-off weight 560,000 kg (1,200,000 lb) 590,000 kg (1,300,000 lb)

Maximum landing weight 386,000 kg (850,000 lb) 427,000 kg (940,000 lb)

Maximum zero fuel weight 361,000 kg (800,000 lb) 402,000 kg (890,000 lb)

Typical operating empty weight 276,800 kg (610,000 lb) 252,200 kg (556,000 lb)

Maximum structural payload 89,200 kg (197,000 lb) 149,800 kg (330,000 lb)

Maximum cargo volume 176 m3 (6,200 cu ft)[243] 1,134 m3 (40,000 cu ft)[244]

Maximum operating speed

at cruise altitude Mach 0.89[102]

(945 km/h, 587 mph, 510 knots)

Maximum design speed

in dive at cruise altitude Mach 0.96[245]

(at cruise altitude: 1020 km/h, 634 mph, 551 knots)

Take off run at MTOW/SL ISA 2,750 m (9,020 ft)[177] 2,900 m (9,500 ft)[177]

Range at design load 15,400 km (8,300 nmi, 9,500 mi)[102] 10,400 km (5,600 nmi, 6,400
mi)

Service ceiling 13,115 m (43,028 ft)[246]

Maximum fuel capacity 320,000 L

(84,600 US gal) 310,000 L

(81,893 US gal),

320,000 L

Engines (4 ×) GP7270 (A380-861)

Trent 970/B (A380-841)

Trent 972/B (A380-842) GP7277 (A380-863F)

Trent 977/B (A380-843F)

Thrust (4 ×) 310 kN (70,000 lbf) – GP7270[247]

310 kN (70,000 lbf) – Trent 970/B[248]

320 kN (72,000 lbf) – Trent 972/B 340 kN (76,000 lbf) – GP7277

340 kN (76,000 lbf) – Trent 977/B

Boeing 717

The Boeing 717 is a twin-engine, single-aisle jet airliner, developed for the 100-seat market. The
airliner was designed and marketed by McDonnell Douglas as the MD-95, a third-generation
derivative of the DC-9. Capable of seating of up to 117 passengers, the 717 has
maximum range of 2,060 nautical miles (3,820 km). The aircraft is powered by two Rolls-
Royce BR715 turbofan engines.

Specification.

717-200 717-200
Basic Gross Weight High Gross Weight

Cockpit crew Two

Passengers, 106 (two-class)

 typical seating 117 (one-class)

Length 124 ft 0 in (37.8 m)

Wingspan 93 ft 5 in (28.47 m)

Tail height 29 ft 1 in (8.92 m)

Cabin width, external 131.6 in (334.2 cm)

Cabin width, internal 123.8 in (314.5 cm)

Max takeoff weight 110,000 lb (49,900 kg) 121,000 lb (54,900 kg)

Max range 1,430 nmi (2,645 km) 2,060 nmi (3,815 km)

Typical cruising Mach 0.77 (504 mph, 438 knots, 811 km/h)
speed at altitude of 34,100 feet (10,400 m)

37,100 feet (11,300 m) maximum altitude

Ceiling
34,100 feet (10,400 m) typical altitude

Powerplants (2x) Rolls Royce BR715-A1-30 Rolls Royce BR715-C1-30

Engine thrust 18,500 lbf (82.3 kN) 21,000 lbf (93.4 kN)
  Cargo planes.

A cargo plane is a plane which is used to transport carriage of goods, rather than
passengers. They are usually devoid of passenger amenities, and generally feature one or
more large doors for the loading and unloading of cargo.

Measurement A300B4 A300-600R A300-600F

Typical capacity 266 passengers (two-class) 15 (21) pallets

Overall length 54.08 metres (177.4 ft)

Wingspan 44.85 metres (147.1 ft)

Wing area 260 square metres (2,800 sq ft)

Overall height 16.62 metres (54.5 ft)

Max cabin width 5.28 metres (17.3 ft)

Fuselage diameter 5.64 metres (18.5 ft)

Operating empty 90,060 kilograms 90,900 kilograms 81,900 kilograms

weight typical (198,500 lb) (200,000 lb) (181,000 lb)

165,000 kilograms 171,700 kilograms 170,500 kilograms

MTOW
(360,000 lb) (379,000 lb) (376,000 lb)

Takeoff field length

N/A 2,324 metres (7,625 ft)
(MTOW, SL, ISA)

Cruising speed mach 0.78 (833 km/h, 518 mph, 450 knots at 35,000 ft)

mach 0.82 (876 km/h, 544 mph, 473 knots

Maximum speed mach 0.86
at 35,000 ft)

6,670 kilometres 7,540 kilometres 4,850 kilometres

Range fully loaded
(3,600 nmi) (4,070 nmi) (2,620 nmi)

62,900 litres
Maximum fuel capacity 68,150 litres (18,000 US gal)
(16,600 US gal)

Engines CF6-50C2 or JT9D-59A CF6-80C2 or PW4158

Cockpit crew Three Two

  Crop spraying.

Crop spraying is a process of spraying crop seeds through an aircraft. This aircraft is known as
an agricultural aircraft. These aircraft are designed and manufactured for agricultural use.
These are also used for hydroseeding.

Specifications (G-164B Super B Turbine)

General characteristics

Crew: one

Capacity: 400 US gal (1,514 liters) in forward hopper

Length: 27 ft 7¼ in (8.41 m)

Wingspan: 42 ft 4½ in (12.92 m)

Height: 12 ft 1 in (3.68 m)

Wing area: 392.7 ft² (36.48 m²)

Empty weight: 3,150 lb (1,429 kg)

Max. takeoff weight: 7,020 lb (3,184 kg)

 Powerplant: 1 × Pratt & Whitney PT6A-34AG turboprop, 750 shp (560 kW)

Performance

Never exceed speed: 136 knots (157 mph, 252 km/h)

Cruise speed: 113 knots (130 mph, 209 km/h)

Stall speed: 56 knots (64 mph, 103 km/h)

Range: 172 nmi (198 mi, 318 km)

PZL-Mielec M-18 Dromader

The PZL-Mielec M-18 Dromader (Polish: "Dromedary") is a single engine agricultural
aircraft that is manufactured by PZL-Mielec inPoland. The aircraft is used mainly as
a cropduster or firefighting machine.

General characteristics

 Crew: one, pilot

 Capacity: one passenger, and up to 2,500 L (660 US gallons) or 2,200 kg (4,850 lb) of
chemicals
 Length: 9.47 m (31 ft 1 in)
 Wingspan: 17.70 m (58 ft 0¾ in)
 Height: 3.70 m (12 ft 1¾ in)
 Wing area: 40.00 m² (430.5 ft²)
 Airfoil: NACA 4416 at root, 4412 on outer wings
 Empty weight: 2,710 kg[3] (5,975 lb)
 Max. takeoff weight: 5,300 kg (11,700 lb)
 Powerplant: 1 × WSK "PZL-Kalisz" ASz-62IR piston radial, 731 kW (980 hp)
Performance

 Never exceed speed: 280 km/h (151 knots, 174 mph)

 Maximum speed: 230 km/h (124 knots, 143 mph)
 Stall speed: 108 km/h (59 knots, 68mph) (flaps down)
 Range: 970 km (523 nmi, 602 miles)
 Service ceiling: 6,500 m (21,320 ft)
 Rate of climb: 6.5 m/s (1,280 ft/min)

 Fire fighters.
Fire fighters are the planes which are manufactured and designed in such a way that
they are capable to store some liquid which can be sprayed over the fire to fight
against it. These planes are known as airtankers
 Example of fire fighter air craft are the following:

PZL-Mielec M-18 Dromader

General characteristics

 Crew: one, pilot

 Capacity: one passenger, and up to 2,500 L (660 US gallons) or 2,200 kg (4,850 lb) of
chemicals
 Length: 9.47 m (31 ft 1 in)
 Wingspan: 17.70 m (58 ft 0¾ in)
 Height: 3.70 m (12 ft 1¾ in)
 Wing area: 40.00 m² (430.5 ft²)
 Airfoil: NACA 4416 at root, 4412 on outer wings
 Empty weight: 2,710 kg[3] (5,975 lb)
 Max. takeoff weight: 5,300 kg (11,700 lb)
 Powerplant: 1 × WSK "PZL-Kalisz" ASz-62IR piston radial, 731 kW (980 hp)
Performance

 Never exceed speed: 280 km/h (151 knots, 174 mph)

 Maximum speed: 230 km/h (124 knots, 143 mph)
 Stall speed: 108 km/h (59 knots, 68mph) (flaps down)
 Range: 970 km (523 nmi, 602 miles)
 Service ceiling: 6,500 m (21,320 ft)
 Rate of climb: 6.5 m/s (1,280 ft/min)

Martin JRM Mars

The Martin JRM Mars is a large, four-engined cargo transport seaplane originally designed
and built in limited numbers for the U.S. Navy during the World War II era. It was the
largest Allied flying boat to enter production, although only seven were built

General characteristics
 Crew: four (with accommodations for a second relief crew)
 Capacity: 133 troops, or 84 litter patients and 25 attendants
 Payload: 32,000 lb (15,000 kg) of cargo, including up to seven jeeps
 Length: 117 ft 3 in (35.74 m)
 Wingspan: 200 ft 0 in (60.96 m)
 Height: 38 ft 5 in (11.71 m)
 Wing area: 3,686 ft² (342.4 m²)
 Empty weight: 75,573 lb (34,279 kg)
 Loaded weight: 90,000 lb (40,820 kg)
 Max. takeoff weight: 165,000 lb (74,800 kg)
 Powerplant: 4 × Wright R-3350-24WA Duplex Cyclone 18-cylinder radial engines, 2,500 hp
(1,900 kW) each
Performance

 Maximum speed: 192 knots (221 mph, 356 km/h)

 Cruise speed: 165 knots (190 mph, 305 km/h)
 Range: 4,300 nautical miles (5,000 mi, 8,000 km)
 Service ceiling: 14,600 ft (4,450 m)

Air ambulance.

Air ambulance aircrafts are the aircrafts which are manufactured for medical use only. It is an
aircraft used for emergency medical assistance in situations where either a
traditional ambulance cannot reach the scene easily or quickly enough, or the patient needs
to be transported over a distance or terrain that makes air transportation the most practical
transport. They can also aid in the search for missing or wanted people. These and related
operations are referred to as Aeromedical. Air ambulance crews are supplied with equipment
that enables them to provide medical treatment to a critically injured or ill patient.

examples are:

Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk

The UH-60 Black Hawk is a four-bladed, twin-engine, medium-lift utility helicopter

manufactured by Sikorsky Aircraft. Sikorsky submitted the S-70 design for the United States
Army's Utility Tactical Transport Aircraft System (UTTAS) competition in 1972.

General characteristics

 Crew: 2 pilots (flight crew) with 2 crew chiefs/gunners

 Capacity: 2,640 lb (1,200 kg) of cargo internally, including 14 troops or 6 stretchers, or
8,000 lb (3,600 kg) (UH-60A) or 9,000 lb (4,100 kg) (UH-60L) of cargo externally
 Length: 64 ft 10 in (19.76 m)

 Fuselage width: 7 ft 9 in (2.36 m)

 Rotor diameter: 53 ft 8 in (16.36 m)

 Height: 16 ft 10 in (5.13 m)
 Disc area: 2,260 ft² (210 m²)
 Empty weight: 10,624 lb (4,819 kg)
 Loaded weight: 22,000 lb (9,980 kg)
 Max. takeoff weight: 23,500 lb (10,660 kg)
 Powerplant: 2 × General Electric T700-GE-701C turboshaft, 1,890 hp (1,410 kW) each
Performance

 Never exceed speed: 193 knots (222 mph, 357 km/h)

 Maximum speed: 159 kt (183 mph, 295 km/h)
 Cruise speed: 150 kt (173 mph, 278 km/h)
 Combat radius: 368 mi (320 nmi, 592 km)
 Ferry range: 1,380 mi (1,200 nmi, 2,220 km) with ESSS stub wings and external tanks
 Service ceiling: 19,000 ft (5,790 m)
 Rate of climb: 1,315 ft/min (4.5 m/s)
 Disc loading: 7.19 lb/ft² (35.4 kg/m²)
 Power/mass: 0.192 hp/lb (158 W/kg)
Armament

 Guns:
 2 × 7.62 mm (0.30 in) M240H machine guns or
 2 × 7.62 mm (0.30 in) M134 minigun or
 2 × .50 in (12.7 mm) GAU-19 gatling guns
 Hardpoints: 4, 2 per ESSS stub wings and provisions to carry combinations of:
 Rockets: 70 mm (2.75 in) Hydra 70 rockets
 Missiles: AGM-114 Hellfire laser guided missiles
 Other: 7.62 mm (0.30 in), 20 mm (0.787 in), or 30 mm (1.18 in) M230 gunpods

3.Military aircrafts.

A military aircraft are the aircraft used for defence of a country. A defence officer
officiates as a captain of the aircraft and he is fully responsible for the assigned task.

Military aircrafts are:

•Fighters.

Fighters aircraft are the aircrafts used in war times and for special attacks. These planes
consists many weapons like missiles, machine guns etc.

These aircrafts have a capability to fight against enemies while flying in air.

Examples of fighters aircraft:

  Republic P-47 Thunderbolt

Republic P-47 Thunderbolt also known as the jug was the largest, heaviest, and most
expensive fighter aircraft in history to be powered by a single piston engine. It was heavily
armed with eight .50-caliber machine guns, four per wing. When fully loaded, the P-47 weighed
up to eight tons, and in the fighter-bomber ground attack roles could carry five inch rockets or a
significant bomb load of 2,500 pounds; over half the weight the B-17 bomber could carry on
long-range missions. The P-47, based on the powerful Pratt & Whitney R-2800 Double Wasp
engine, was to be very effective as a short-to-medium range escort fighter in high-altitude air-
to-air combat and when unleashed as a fighter-bomber, proved especially adept at ground
attack in both the World War 2 European and Pacific Theaters.

General characteristics

 Crew: 1
 Length: 36 ft 1 in (11.00 m)
 Wingspan: 40 ft 9 in (12.42 m)
 Height: 14 ft 8 in (4.47 m)
 Wing area: 300 ft² (27.87 m²)
 Empty weight: 10,000 lb (4,536 kg)
 Loaded weight: 17,500 lb (7,938 kg)
 Max. takeoff weight: 17,500 lb (7,938 kg)
 Power plant: 1 × Pratt & Whitney R-2800-59 twin-row radial engine, 2,535 hp (1,890 kW)
Performance

 Maximum speed: 433 mph at 30,000 ft (697 km/h at 9,145 m)

 Range: 800 mi combat, 1,800 mi ferry (1,290 km / 2,900 km)
 Service ceiling: 43,000 ft (13,100 m)
 Rate of climb: 3,120 ft/min (15.9 m/s)
 Wing loading: 58.3 lb/ft² (284.8 kg/m²)
 Power/mass: 0.14 hp/lb (238 W/kg)
Armament

 8 × .50 in (12.7 mm) M2 Browning machine guns (3400 rounds)

 Up to 2,500 lb (1,134 kg) of bombs
 10 × 5 in (127 mm) unguided rockets
 McDonnell Douglas F-15E Strike Eagle
The McDonnell Douglas F-15E Strike Eagle is an all-weather multirole fighter, derived from
the McDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagle. The F-15E was designed in the 1980s for long-range, high
speed interdiction without relying on escort or electronic warfare aircraft. United States Air
Force (USAF) F-15E Strike Eagles can be distinguished from other U.S. Eagle variants by
darker camouflage and conformal fuel tanks mounted along the engine intakes.

General characteristics

 Crew: 2
 Length: 63.8 ft (19.43 m)
 Wingspan: 42.8 ft (13.05 m)
 Height: 18.5 ft (5.63 m)
 Wing area: 608 ft² (56.5 m²)
 Airfoil: NACA 64A006.6 root, NACA 64A203 tip
 Empty weight: 31,700 lb (14,300 kg)
 Max. takeoff weight: 81,000 lb (36,700 kg)
 Power plant: 2 × Pratt & Whitney F100-229 afterburning turbofans, 29,000 lbf (129 kN)
each
Performance

 Maximum speed: Mach 2.5+ (1,650+ mph, 2,660+ km/h)

 Combat radius: 790 mi (1,150 mi (max))
 Ferry range: 2,400 mi (2,100 nm, 3,900 km) with conformal fuel tank and three external fuel
tanks
 Service ceiling: 60,000 ft (18,200 m)
 Rate of climb: 50,000+ ft/min (254+ m/s)
 Thrust/weight: 0.93

An F-15E undergoing maintenance showing the M61 Vulcan Gatling gun with its cover removed.
A F-15E releasing a GBU-28 "Bunker Buster" during a test

Armament

 Guns: 1× 20 mm M61 Vulcan 6-barreled gatling cannon, 510 rounds of either M-56 or PGU-
28 ammunition
 Hard points: 2 wing pylons, fuselage pylons, bomb racks on CFTs with a capacity of
23,000 lb (10,400 kg) of external fuel and ordnance
 Missiles:
 Air-to-air missiles:
 4× AIM-9M Sidewinder or 4× AIM-120 AMRAAM, and
 4× AIM-7M Sparrow or additional 4× AIM-120 AMRAAM
 Air-to-surface missiles:
 6× AGM-65 Maverick
 AGM-130
 AGM-84 Harpoon
 AGM-84K SLAM-ER
 AGM-154 JSOW
 AGM-158 JASSM
 Bombs:
 B61 nuclear bomb
 Mark 82 bomb
 Mark 84 bomb
 CBU-87 Combined Effects Munition
 CBU-89 Gator
 CBU-97 Sensor Fuzed Weapon
  CBU-103 CEM
 CBU-104 Gator
 CBU-105 SFW
 CBU-107 Passive Attack Weapon
 GBU-10 Pave way II
 GBU-12 Pave way II
 GBU-15
 GBU-24 Pave way III
 GBU-27 Pave way III
 GBU-28
 GBU-31 JDAM
 GBU-38 JDAM
 GBU-39 Small Diameter Bomb
 GBU-51 Pave way II
 GBU-54 Laser JDAM

 Transport.

Military transport aircraft are typically fixed and rotary wing cargo aircraft which are used
to deliver troops, weapons and other military equipment to any area of military operations.
Originally derived from bombers, military transport aircraft were used for
delivering airborne forces during the Second World War and towing military gliders. Some
military transport aircraft are tasked to performs multi-role duties such as aerial
refueling and, tactical, operational and strategic airlifts onto unprepared runways, or those
constructed by engineers.

Some of the examples of transport aircrafts are:

 Boeing C-17 Globe master III

The Boeing C-17 Globe master III is a large military transport aircraft. It was developed for
the United States Air Force (USAF) from the 1980s to the early 1990s by McDonnell Douglas; the
company later merged with Boeing. The C-17 is used for rapid strategic airlift of troops and
cargo to main operating bases or forward operating bases throughout the world. It can also
perform tactical airlift, medical evacuation and airdrop missions. The C-17 carries the name of
two previous, but unrelated piston-engine, U.S. military cargo aircraft, the Douglas C-74 Globe
master and the Douglas C-124 Globe master II.

General characteristics

 Crew: 3: 2 pilots, 1 loadmaster

 Capacity:
 134 troops with palletized seats or
 102 troops with standard centerline seats or
 36 litter and 54 ambulatory patients or
 Cargo, such as an M1 Abrams tank, three Strikers, or six M1117 Armored Security
Vehicles
 Payload: 170,900 lb (77,519 kg) of cargo distributed at max over 18 463L master pallets or a
mix of palletized cargo and vehicles
 Length: 174 ft (53 m)
 Wingspan: 169.8 ft (51.75 m)
 Height: 55.1 ft (16.8 m)
 Wing area: 3,800 ft² (353 m²)
 Empty weight: 282,500 lb (128,100 kg)
 Max. takeoff weight: 585,000 lb (265,350 kg)
 Power plant: 4 × Pratt & Whitney F117-PW-100 turbofans, 40,440 lbf (180 kN) each
 Fuel capacity: 35,546 US gal (134,556 L)
Performance

 Cruise speed: Mach 0.76 (450 knots, 515 mph, 830 km/h)
 Range: 2,420 nmi (2,785 mi, 4,482 km) ; 5,610 nmi with paratroops
 Service ceiling: 45,000 ft (13,716 m)
 Max. wing loading: 150 lb/ft² (750 kg/m²)
 Minimum thrust/weight: 0.277
 Takeoff run at MTOW: 7,600 ft (2,316 m)
 Landing distance: 3,500 ft (1,060 m)
  Lockheed C-5 Galaxy
The Lockheed C-5 Galaxy is a large military transport aircraft built by Lockheed. It provides
the United States Air Force (USAF) with a heavy intercontinental-range strategic
airlift capability, one that can carry outsize and oversize cargos, including all air-certifiable
cargo. The Galaxy has many similarities to its smaller C-141 Star lifter predecessor, and the
later C-17 Globe master. The C-5 is among the largest military aircraft in the world.

General characteristics

 Crew: 8 typical (pilot, first pilot, 1st Officer, two flight engineers, three loadmasters)
4 minimum (pilot, copilot, two flight engineers)
 Payload: 270,000 lb (122,470 kg)
 Length: 247 ft 1 in (75.31 m)
 Wingspan: 222 ft 9 in (67.89 m)
 Height: 65 ft 1 in (19.84 m)
 Wing area: 6,200 ft2 (576 m2)
 Empty weight: 380,000 lb (172,370 kg)
 Loaded weight: 769,000 lb (348,800 kg)
 Max. takeoff weight: 840,000 lb (381,000 kg)
 Powerplant: 4 × General Electric TF39-GE-1C high-bypass turbofan, 43,000 lbf (190 kN) each
Performance

 Maximum speed: Mach 0.79 (503 kn, 579 mph, 932 km/h)
 Cruise speed: Mach 0.77 (919 km/h)
 Range: 2,400 nmi (2,760 mi, 4,440 km) with a 263,200 lb (119,400 kg) payload
 Service ceiling: 35,700 ft (10,600 m) at 615,000 lb (279,000 kg) gross weight
 Rate of climb: 1,800 ft/min (9.14 m/s)
 Wing loading: 120 lb/ft2 (610 kg/m2)
 Thrust/weight: 0.22
 Takeoff roll: 8,400 ft (2,600 m)
 Landing roll: 3,600 ft (1,100 m)
 Fuel capacity: 51,150 US gal (193,600 L)
  Bombers aircrafts.
Bombers are the aircrafts which are manufactured or designed to fire by dropping bombs over
the targets.

• Tupolev Tu-160

The Tupolev Tu-160 (Russian: typolev Ту-160, NATO reporting name: Blackjack) is a
supersonic, variable-sweep wing heavy strategic bomber designed by the Tupolev Design
Bureau in the Soviet Union. Although several civil and military transport aircraft are larger in
overall dimensions, the Tu-160 is currently the world's largest combat aircraft, largest
supersonic aircraft, and largest variable-sweep aircraft built. In addition, the Tu-160 has the
heaviest takeoff weight of any military aircraft besides transports.

General characteristics

 Crew: 4 (pilot, co-pilot, bombardier, defensive systems operator)

 Length: 54.10 m (177 ft 6 in)
 Wingspan: ** Spread (20° sweep): 55.70 m (189 ft 9 in)
 Swept (65° sweep): 35.60 m (116 ft 9¾ in)
 Height: 13.10 m (43 ft 0 in)
 Wing area: ** Spread: 400 m² (4,306 ft²)
  Swept: 360 m² (3,875 ft²)
 Empty weight: 110,000 kg (242,505 lb)
 Loaded weight: 267,600 kg (589,950 lb)
 Max. takeoff weight: 275,000 kg (606,260 lb)
 Powerplant: 4 × Samara NK-321 turbofans
 Dry thrust: 137.3 kN (30,865 lbf) each
 Thrust with afterburner: 245 kN (55,115 lbf) each
Performance

 Maximum speed: Mach 2.05 (2,220 km/h, 1,200 knots, 1,380 mph) at 12,200 m (40,000 ft)
 Cruise speed: Mach 0.9 (960 km/h, 518 knots, 596 mph)
 Range: 12,300 km (7,643 mi) practical range without in-flight refuelling, Mach 0.77 and
carrying 6 × Kh-55SM dropped at mid range and 5% fuel reserves
 Combat radius: 7,300 km (3,994 , 4,536 mi,) 2,000 km (1,080 nmi, 1,240 mi) at Mach 1.5
 Service ceiling: 15,000 m (49,200 ft)
 Rate of climb: 70 m/s (13,860 ft/min)
 Wing loading: 742 kg/m² with wings fully swept (152 lb/ft²)
 lift-to-drag: 18.5-19, while supersonic it is above 6.
 Thrust/weight: 0.37
Armament

 2 internal bays for 40,000 kg (88,185 lb) of ordnance, options include:

 2 internal rotary launchers each holding 6 × Raduga Kh-55 cruise missiles (primary
armament) or 12× Raduga Kh-15 short-range nuclear missiles

• Douglas SBD Dauntless

The Douglas SBD Dauntless was a naval dive bomber made by Douglas during World War II.
The SBD (short for Scout Bomber Douglas) was the United States Navy's main dive bomber from
mid-1940 until late 1943, when it was largely replaced by the SB2C Helldiver. The aircraft was
also operated by the United States Army as the A-24 Banshee.
General characteristics

 Crew: 2
 Length: 33 ft 1¼ in (10.09 m)
 Wingspan: 41 ft 6⅜ in (12.66 m)
 Height: 13 ft 7 in (4.14 m)
 Wing area: 325 ft² (30.19 m²)
 Empty weight: 6,404 lb (2,905 kg)
 Loaded weight: 9,359 lb (4,245 kg)
 Max. takeoff weight: 10,700 lb (4,853 kg)
 Powerplant: 1 × Wright R-1820-60 radial engine, 1,200 hp (895 kW)
Performance

 Maximum speed: 255 mph (222 knots, 410 km/h) at 14,000 ft (4,265 m)
 Cruise speed: 185 mph (161 knots, 298 km/h)
 Range: 1,115 mi (970 nmi, 1,795 km)
 Service ceiling: 25,530 ft (7,780 m)
 Rate of climb: 1,700 ft/min (8.6 m/s)
Armament

 Guns:
 2 × 0.50 in (12.7 mm) forward-firing synchronized Browning M2 machine guns in engine
cowling
 2 × 0.30 in (7.62 mm) flexible-mounted Browning machine gun in rear
 Bombs: 2,250 lb (1,020 kg) of bombs

 Refueling aircrafts

Refueling aircrafts are the aircrafts which are used to fill fuel from one aircraft to another
during flight.
It is also known as air refueling, in-flight refueling and air to air refueling.
Specifications (KC-135R)

General characteristics

Crew: 3: pilot, co-pilot and boom operator. (Some KC-135 missions require the addition of a
navigator.)

Capacity: 37 passengers

Payload: 83,000 lb (37,600 kg)

Length: 136 ft 3 in (41.53 m)

Wingspan: 130 ft 10 in (39.88 m)

Height: 41 ft 8 in (12.70 m)

Wing area: 2,433 ft² (226 m²)

Empty weight: 98,466 lb (44,663 kg)

Loaded weight: 297,000 lb (135,000 kg)

Useful load: 200,000 lb (90,700 kg)

Max. takeoff weight: 322,500 lb (146,000 kg)

Powerplant: 4 × CFM International CFM56 (F108-CF-100) turbofan, 21,634 lbf (96.2 kN) each

Maximum Fuel Load: 200,000 lb (90,719 kg)

Performance
Maximum speed: 580 mph (933 km/h)

Cruise speed: 530 mph (853 km/h) at 30,000 feet (9,144 m)

Range: 1,500 mi (2,419 km) with 150,000 lb (68,039 kg) of transfer fuel

Ferry range: 11,015 mi (17,766 km)

Service ceiling: 50,000 ft (15,200 m)

Rate of climb: 4,900 ft/min (1,490 m/min)

3.Military helicopters.

A military helicopter is an aircraft specially build for military forces. It is most commonly used for
the transportation of troops, but transport helicopters can be modified or converted to perform
other missions such as combat search and rescue (CSAR), medical evacuation (MEDEVAC),
airborne command post, or even armed with weapons for attacking ground targets. Specialized
military helicopters are intended to conduct specific missions. Examples of specialized military
helicopters are attack helicopters, observation helicopters and anti-submarine warfare
helicopters.

A Mi-17 and troops, Afghanistan, 2009.

Some of the examples are:

Black hawk, sea king, puma, apache.

• Mil Mi-24

The Mil Mi-24 is a large helicopter gunship and attack helicopter and low-capacity troop
transport with room for eight passengers. It is produced by Mil Moscow Helicopter Plant and
operated since 1972 by the Soviet Air Force, its successors, and more than 30 other nations.

General characteristics

 Crew: 2–3: pilot, weapons system officer and technician (optional)

 Capacity: 8 troops or 4 stretchers
 Length: 17.5 m (57 ft 4 in)
 Rotor diameter: 17.3 m (56 ft 7 in)

 Wingspan: 6.5 m (21 ft 3 in)

 Height: 6.5 m (21 ft 3 in)

 Disc area: 235 m² (2,530 ft²)
 Empty weight: 8,500 kg (18,740 lb)
 Max. takeoff weight: 12,000 kg (26,500 lb)
 Powerplant: 2 × Isotov TV3-117 turbines, 1,600 kW (2,200 hp) each
Performance

 Maximum speed: 335 km/h (208 mph)

 Range: 450 km (280 miles)
 Service ceiling: 4,500 m (14,750 ft)
• Kawasaki OH-1

The Kawasaki OH-1 is a light military reconnaissance helicopter for the Japan Ground Self-
Defense Force, intended to replace the OH-6 Loach. As of March 31, 2009, 28 have entered
service so far, complementing the existing fleet of 111 OH-6s.

General characteristics

 Crew: 2, pilot and observer

 Length: 12 m (39 ft 4 in)
 Height: 3.8 m (12 ft 6 in)
 Empty weight: 2,450 kg (5,401 lb)
 Max takeoff weight: 4,000 kg (8,818 lb)
 Powerplant: 2 × Mitsubishi TS1-M-10 turboshaft engines, 660 kW (890 hp) each
 Main rotor diameter: 11.6 m (38 ft 1 in)
 Main rotor area: 105.7 m2 (1,138 sq ft)
Performance

 Maximum speed: 278 km/h (173 mph; 150 kn)

 Cruising speed: 220 km/h (137 mph; 119 kn)
 Range: 540 km (336 mi; 292 nmi)
 Service ceiling: 4,880 m (16,010 ft)
4. Experimental aircrafts.

An experimental aircraft is an aircraft that has not yet been fully proven in flight. Often, this
implies that new aerospace technologies are being tested on the aircraft, though the label is
more broad.
The term "experimental aircraft" is also sometimes used to refer to aircraft flown with
an "Experimental" category airworthiness certificate. In the U.S. this includes most homebuilt
aircraft; many of which are based on conventional designs and hence are experimental only in
name
• LTV XC-142

The Ling-Temco-Vought (LTV) XC-142 is a tiltwing experimental aircraft designed to

investigate the operational suitability of vertical/short takeoff and landing transports.
General characteristics

 Crew: 2
 Capacity: 32 fully equipped troops or 24 litter patients and four attendants
 Payload: 8,000 lb (3,336 kg)
 Length: 58 ft 1 in (17.71 m)
 Wingspan: 67 ft 6 in (20.60 m)
 Height: 26 ft 1 in (7.95 m)
 Wing area: 534.5 sq ft (49.67 m²)
 Empty weight: 22,595 lb (10,270 kg)
 Max. takeoff weight: 44,500 lb (20,227 kg) (STOL)
 Powerplant: 4 × General Electric T64-GE-1 turboprop, 2,850 hp (2,126 kW) each
Performance

 Maximum speed: 431 mph (375 knots, 694 km/h) at 20,000 ft (6,100 m)
 Cruise speed: 288 mph (250 knots, 463 km/h) at sea level
 Combat radius: 470 mi (409 nmi, 757 km)
 Ferry range: 3,800 mi (3,300 nmi, 6,100 km)
 Service ceiling: 25,000 ft (7,620 m)
 Rate of climb: 6,800 ft/min (34.5 m/s

• Rutan Voyager
The Rutan Model 76 Voyager was the first aircraft to fly around the world without stopping or
refueling. It was piloted by Dick Rutan and Jeana Yeager.

General characteristics

 Crew: Two pilots

 Length: 29 ft 2 in (8.90 m)
 Wingspan: 110 ft 8 in (33.80 m)
 Height: 10 ft 3 in (3.10 m)
 Empty weight: 2250 lb (1020.6 kg)
 Gross weight: 9694.5 lb (4397.4 kg)
 Powerplant: 1 × Teledyne Continental O-240, 130 hp (100 kW)
1 × Teledyne Continental IOL-200, 110 hp (81 kW)
Performance

 Maximum speed: 122 mph (196 km/h)

 Range: 24,986 miles (42,212 km)
 Endurance: 216 hours

5. UAV (Drones)
Drones are unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) that are used by the military in a number of
ways, including missile testing, air strikes, aerial refueling, surveillance, transporting cargo,
live-fire exercises and even long-range bombing

RQ-14 Dragon Eye UAV

General characteristics

Length: 0.9 m (3 ft)

Wingspan: 1.1 m (3.75 ft)

Ceiling: 90 to 150 m (300–500 ft)

Weight: 2.7 kg (5.9 lb)

Cruising speed: 65 km/h (40 mph)

Battery Endurance: 1 hour

Range: 5 km (3.1 mi)

Transmission Range: 10 km (6.2 mi)

Endurance: 45–60 minutes

MQ-9 REAPER

The MQ-9 Reaper is an armed, multi-mission, medium-altitude, long endurance remotely

piloted aircraft (RPA) that is employed primarily in a hunter/killer role against dynamic
execution targets and secondarily as an intelligence collection asset.
General Characteristics

Primary Function: Remotely piloted hunter/killer weapon system

Contractor: General Atomics Aeronautical Systems, Inc.

Power Plant: Honeywell TPE331-10GD turboprop engine

Thrust: 900 shaft horsepower maximum

Wingspan: 66 feet (20.1 meters)

Length: 36 feet (11 meters)

Height: 12.5 feet (3.8 meters)

Weight: 4,900 pounds (2,223 kilograms) empty

Maximum takeoff weight: 10,500 pounds (4,760 kilograms)

Fuel Capacity: 4,000 pounds (602 gallons)

Payload: 3,750 pounds (1,701 kilograms)

Speed: Cruise speed around 230 miles per hour (200 knots)

Range: 1,150 miles (1,000 nautical miles)

Ceiling: Up to 50,000 feet (15,240 meters)

Armament: Combination of AGM-114 Hellfire missiles, GBU-12 Paveway II and GBU-38 Joint
Direct Attack Munitions
Crew (remote): Two (pilot and sensor operator)

Unit Cost: $53.5 million (includes four aircraft with sensors) (fiscal 2006 dollars)

Initial operating capability: October 2007

Fire bird

Firebird is a new breed of aircraft system that increases real-time data collection through
simultaneous use of multiple intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance (ISR) and
communications sensor payloads on a single platform. The system was designed for either
manned or unmanned flight.

The data that Firebird gathers is placed into a single tool that allows users to easily exploit
the data to make decisions.