www.Padasalai.Net www.Trb Tnpsc.

Com

UNIT – I – BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY & CHEMICAL CALCULATIONS

| Mr. S.JOHNSON., M.Sc., M.Sc., B.Ed.,
UNIT – 1 – BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY & CHEMICAL CALCULATIONS
II. WRITE BRIEF ANSWER TO THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS.
26. Define relative atomic mass. [FMT-18]
The relative atomic mass of element is defined as the ratio of mass of one atom of the
element to the mass of 1/12th mass of one atom of carbon-12
𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
Relative atomic mass (Ar) = 1
𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓12𝑡ℎ 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝐶𝑎𝑟𝑏𝑜𝑛−12
𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑛 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
=
1.6605 𝑋 10−27 𝐾𝑔

et
27. What do you understand by the term mole. [JUN-19, CRT-22]
The mole is defined as the amount of a substance which contains 6.023 × 1023 particles

i.N
such as atoms, molecules or ions. It is denoted by the symbol "n".
28. Define equivalent mass. [GMQP-2018; QY-2018]
The equivalent mass of an element, compound or ion is the number of parts of mass of an

la
element which combines with or displaces 1.008 parts of hydrogen or 8 parts of oxygen
or 35.5 parts of chlorine.
sa
29. What do you understand by the term oxidation number.
Oxidation number refers to the number of charges an atom would have in a molecule or
an ionic compound, if electrons were transferred completely the oxidation numbers
da

reflect the number of electron transferred.

30. Distinguish between oxidation and reduction. [HY-19, SEP-21]
Oxidation Reduction
Pa

(i) Addition of oxygen and removal of Additional of hydrogen and removal of

hydrogen oxygen
(ii) This process involves loss of electrons This process involves gain electrons.
w.

–
Fe → Fe + e
2+ 3+
Cu2+ + 2e– → Cu
(iii) Oxidation number increases Oxidation number decreases
ww

(iv) Ca + S → Ca2+ + 2e– Zn2+ + 2e– → Zn

(v) Removal of Metal Addition of metal
2KI + H2O2 →2KOH + I2 HgCl2 + Hg → Hg2Cl2
31. Calculate the molar mass of the following compounds.
i) Urea [CO(NH2)2] ii) Acetone [CH3COCH3]
iii) Boric acid [H3BO3] iv) Sulphuric acid [H2SO4]
(i) urea [CO(NH2)2] : (ii) acetone [CH3COCH3]
C : 1 × 12.01 = 12.01 C : 3 × 12.01 = 36.03
O : 1 × 16 = 16.00 H : 6 × 1.01 = 6.06
N : 2 × 14.01 = 28.02 O : 1 × 16 = 16.00
H : 4 × 1.01 = 4.04 58.09 g mol–1
60.07 g mol–1
Page. 1
Kindly Send Me Your Key Answer to Our email id - [email protected]
 www.Padasalai.Net www.Trb Tnpsc.Com

UNIT – I – BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY & CHEMICAL CALCULATIONS

| Mr. S.JOHNSON., M.Sc., M.Sc., B.Ed.,
(iii) boric acid [H3BO3] : (iv) sulphuric acid [H2SO4] :
H : 3 × 1.01 = 3.03 H : 2 × 1.01 = 2.02
B : 1 × 10 = 10.00 S : 1 × 32.06 = 32.06
O : 3 × 16 = 48.00 O : 4 × 16 = 64.00
–1
61.03 g mol 98.08 g mol–1
–3
32. The density of carbon dioxide is equal to 1.965 kgm at 273 K and 1 atm pressure.
Calculate the molar mass of CO2.
Given : The density of CO2 at 273 K and 1 atm pressure = 1.965 kgm–3
Molar mass of CO2 = ?
At 273 K and 1 atm pressure, 1 mole of CO2 occupies a volume of 22.4 L

et
1.965𝐾𝑔
Mass of 1 mole of CO2 = x 22.4L
1𝑚3
1.965 ×103 𝑔 ×22.4 ×10−3 𝑚3

i.N
=
1𝑚3
= 44.01 g
Molar mass of CO2 = 44 gmol–1

i) 1 mol of ethanol la
33. Which contains the greatest number of moles of oxygen atoms
ii) 1 mol of formic acid iii) 1 mol of H2O
sa
(i) 1 mol of ethanol : C2H5OH (ethanol) - Molar mass = 24 + 6 + 16 = 46
46g of ethanol contains 1 × 6.023 × 1023 number of oxygen atoms.
da

(ii) 1 mol of formic acid : HCOOH (Formic acid) - Molar mass = 2 + 12 + 32 = 46

46g of HCOOH contains 2 × 6.023 × 1023 number of oxygen atoms
(iii) 1 mol of H2O : H2O (Water) - Molar mass = 2 + 16 = 18
Pa

18g of water contains 1 × 6.023 × 1023 number of oxygen atoms.

⸫ mol of formic acid contains the greatest number of oxygen atoms.
34. Calculate the average atomic mass of naturally occurring magnesium using the
w.

following data
Isotope Isotopic atomic mass Abundance (%)
24
Mg 23.99 78.99
ww

25
Mg 24.99 10.00
Mg26 25.98 11.01
Isotopes of Mg
78.99
Atomic mass = Mg24 = 23 99 x = 18.95
100
10
Atomic mass = Mg25 = 24 99 x = 2.499
100
11.01
Atomic mass = Mg26 = 25 98 x = 2.860
100
Average atomic mass = 24.309
Average atomic mass of Mg = 24.309

Page. 2
Kindly Send Me Your Key Answer to Our email id - [email protected]
 www.Padasalai.Net www.Trb Tnpsc.Com

UNIT – I – BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY & CHEMICAL CALCULATIONS

| Mr. S.JOHNSON., M.Sc., M.Sc., B.Ed.,
35. In a reaction x + y + z2 → xyz2 identify the Limiting reagent if any, in the following
reaction mixtures.
(a) 200 atoms of x + 200 atoms of y + 50 molecules of z2
(b) 1 mol of x + 1 mol of y + 3 mol of z2
(c) 50 atoms of x + 25 atoms of y + 50 molecules of z2
(d) 2.5 mol of x + 5 mol of y + 5 mol of z2
Reaction : x + y + z2 → xyz2
Number of moles of Number of moles of Limiting
Question reactants allowed to react reactants consumed during reagent

et
reaction
x y z2 x y z2
(a) 200 200 50 50 50 50 z2

i.N
atoms atoms molecules atoms atoms molecules
(b) 1 mol 1 mol 3 mol 1 mol 1 mol 1 mol X and y

la
(c) 50 atom 25 atom 50 25 atom 25 atom 25 y
molecules molecules
sa
(d) 2.5 mol 5 mol 5 mol 2.5 mol 2.5 mol 2.5 mol x
36. Mass of one atom of an element is 6.645 × 10–23g. How many moles of element are
da

there in 0.320 kg.

Given : mass of one atom = 6.645 × 10–23 g
⸫ mass of 1 mole of atom = 6.645 × 10–23 g × 6.022 × 1023 = 40 g
Pa

1 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒
⸫ number of moles of element in 0.320 kg = x 0.320kg
40𝑔
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 ×320𝑔
= = 8 mol.
w.

40𝑔
37. What is the difference between molecular mass and molar mass? Calculate the
molecular mass and molar mass for carbon monoxide.
ww

Molecular mass Molar mass

(i) Molecular mass is defined as the ratio of the Molar mass is defined as the mass of
mass of a molecule to the unified this is one mole of a substance.
relative molecular mass atomic mass unit.
(ii) The relative molecular mass of any compound The molar mass of a compound is
is calculated by adding the relative atomic equal to the sum of the relative atomic
masses of its constituent atoms masses of its constituents.
(iii) Its unit is u or amu Its unit is g mol–1
(iv) Molecular mass of CO : Molar mass of CO :
(1 × at.mass of C) + (1 × at.mass of O) 1 × 12.01 + 1 × 16 = 28.01 g mol–1
1 × 12.01 amu + 1 × 16 amu
= 28.01 amu
Page. 3
Kindly Send Me Your Key Answer to Our email id - [email protected]
 www.Padasalai.Net www.Trb Tnpsc.Com

UNIT – I – BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY & CHEMICAL CALCULATIONS

| Mr. S.JOHNSON., M.Sc., M.Sc., B.Ed.,
38. What is the empirical formula of the following ? [FMT-18, QY-18, SEP-21]
i) Fructose (C6H12O6) found in honey
ii) Caffeine (C8H10N4O2) a substance found in tea and coffee. [FIRST MID-2018; QY-2018]
Compound Molecular formula Empirical formula
Fructose C6H12O6 CH2O
Caffeine C8H10N4O2 C4H5N2O
39. The reaction between aluminium and ferric oxide can generate temperatures up to
3273K and is used in welding metals. (Atomic mass of Al = 27 u Atomic mass of O = 16 u)
2Al + Fe2O3 → Al2O3 + 2Fe; If, in this process, 324 g of aluminium is allowed to react with

et
1.12 kg of ferric oxide.
i) Calculate the mass of Al2O3 formed.

i.N
ii) How much of the excess reagent is left at the end of the reaction? [GMQP-2018]
i) 2Al + Fe2O3 → Al2O3 + 2Fe
54g 160g 102g 112g

⸫ 324g of Al will give la

As per balanced equation 54g Al is required for 112g of Iron and 102g of Al2O3.
102
x 324 = 612g of Al2O3
sa
54
ii) 54g of Al required 160g of Fe2O3 for welding reaction
160
⸫ 324g of Al will require x 324 = 960g of Fe2O3
da

54
⸫ Excess Fe2O3 – unreacted Fe2O3 = 1120 – 960 = 160g.
40. How many moles of ethane is required to produce 44 g of CO2(g) after combustion.
Pa

[FMT-18, QY-19]
Balanced equation for the combustion of ethane
7
C2H6 + O2 → 2CO2 + 3H2O ⇒ 2C2H6 + 7O2 → 4CO2 + 6H2O
w.

2
To produce 4 moles of CO2, 2 moles of ethane is required
⸫ To produce 1 mole (44 g) of CO2 required
ww

2 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑒𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑒
number of moles of ethane = x 1 mol CO2
4 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶𝑂2
1
= mole of ethane = 0.5 mole of ethane
2
41. Hydrogen peroxide is an oxidising agent. It oxidises ferrous ion to ferric ion and reduced
itself to water. Write a balanced equation.
H2O2 – Oxidising agent
Fe2+ + H2O2 → Fe3+ + H2O (Acetic Medium)
Ferrous ion is oxidized by H2O2 to Ferric ion. The balanced eq. is Fe2+ → Fe3+ + e– × 2

Page. 4
Kindly Send Me Your Key Answer to Our email id - [email protected]
 www.Padasalai.Net www.Trb Tnpsc.Com

UNIT – I – BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY & CHEMICAL CALCULATIONS

| Mr. S.JOHNSON., M.Sc., M.Sc., B.Ed.,

42. Calculate the empirical and molecular formula of a compound containing 76.6% carbon,
6.38 % hydrogen and rest oxygen its vapour density is 47. [MAR-19, SEP-20, AUG-21]
Element Percentage Atomic Relative number Simple ratio Whole no
mass of atoms
76.6 6.38
C 76.6 12 = 6.38 =6 6
12 1.06
6.38 6.38
H 6.38 1 = 6.38 =6 6

et
1 1.06
17.02 1.06
O 17.02 16 = 1.06 =1 1
16 1.06

i.N
Empirical formula = C6H6O
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠
n =
𝐶𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑖𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠

=
la2 ×𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑢𝑟 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 2 ×47
94
=
94
= 1,
sa
since Molar mass = 2 x Vapour density
molecular formula n × n empirical formula
⸫ molecular formula (C6H6O) × 1 = C6H6O
da

43. A Compound on analysis gave Na = 14.31% S = 9.97% H = 6.22% and O = 69.5% calculate
the molecular formula of the compound, if all the hydrogen in the compound is present in
Pa

combination with O2 as H2O of crystallization. (molecular mass of the compound is 322).

Element % Relative number of atoms Simple ratio
14.31 0.62
Na 14.31 = 0.62 =2
w.

23 0.31
9.97 0.31
S 9.97 = 0.31 =1
32 0.31
6.22 6.22
ww

H 6.22 = 6.22 = 20
1 0.31
69.5 4.34
O 69.5 = 4.34 = 14
16 0.31
⸫ Empirical formula is = Na2SO4.10H2O
Empirical formula mass = (23 × 2) + (32 × 1) + (16 + 4) + (10 × 18)
= 46 + 32 + 64 + 180 = 322
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 322
n = = =1
𝐸𝑚𝑝𝑖𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 322
Molecular formula = Na2SO4.10H2O
44. Balance the following equations by oxidation number method
i) K2Cr2O7 + KI + H2SO4 → K2SO4 + Cr2(SO4)3 + I2 + H2O
ii) KMnO4 + Na2SO3 → MnO2 + Na2SO4 + KOH
Page. 5
Kindly Send Me Your Key Answer to Our email id - [email protected]
 www.Padasalai.Net www.Trb Tnpsc.Com

UNIT – I – BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY & CHEMICAL CALCULATIONS

| Mr. S.JOHNSON., M.Sc., M.Sc., B.Ed.,
iii) Cu + HNO3 → Cu(NO3)2 + NO2 + H2O [QY-19]
iv) KMnO4 + H2C2O4 + H2SO4 → K2SO4 + MnSO4 + CO2 + H2O [FMT-18]
i)

et
i.N
ii)

la
sa
da

iii)
Pa
w.
ww

iv)

45. Balance the following equations by ion electron method.

i) KMnO4 + SnCl2 + HCl → MnCl2 + SnCl4 + H2O + KCl
ii) C2O42– + Cr2O72– → Cr3+ + CO2 (in acid medium)
Page. 6
Kindly Send Me Your Key Answer to Our email id - [email protected]
 www.Padasalai.Net www.Trb Tnpsc.Com

UNIT – I – BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY & CHEMICAL CALCULATIONS

| Mr. S.JOHNSON., M.Sc., M.Sc., B.Ed.,
iii) Na2S2O3 + I2 → Na2S4O6 + NaI
iv) Zn +NO3– → Zn2+ + NO (in acid medium) [FMT-18]

et
i.N
la
sa
da
Pa
w.
ww

Page. 7
Kindly Send Me Your Key Answer to Our email id - [email protected]
 www.Padasalai.Net www.Trb Tnpsc.Com

UNIT – I – BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY & CHEMICAL CALCULATIONS

| Mr. S.JOHNSON., M.Sc., M.Sc., B.Ed.,
EVALUATE YOURSELF
1. By applying the knowledge of chemical classification, classify each of the following into
elements, compounds or mixtures.
Sugar, Sea water, Distilled water, Carbon dioxide, Copper wire, Table salt, Silver
plate, Naphthalene balls
(i) Element: Copper wire, Silver plate
(ii) Compound: Sugar, distilled water, carbon dioxide, Table salt, Naphthalene balls
(iii) Mixture: Sea water.
2. Calculate the relative molecular mass of the following.
(i) Ethanol [C2H5OH], (ii) Potassium permanganate [KMnO4],

et
(iii) Potassium dichromate [K2Cr2O7], (iv) Sucrose [C12H22O11]
(i) C2H5OH = (2 x 12) + (5 x 1) + (1 x 16) + (1 x 1) = 46g

i.N
(ii) KMnO4 = (1 x 39) + (1 x 55) + (4 x 16) = 158g
(iii) K2Cr2O7 = (2 x 39) + (2 x 52) + (7 x 16) = 294g
(iv) C12H22O11 = (12 x 12) + (22 x 1) + (11 x 16) = 342g

la
3. a) Calculate the number of moles present in 9g of ethane.
b) Calculate the number of molecules of oxygen gas that occupies a volume of 224ml
sa
at 272K and 3atm pressure.
a) Molar mass of ethane, C2H6 = (2 x 12) + (6 x 1) = 30g mol-1
da

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 9𝑔
No. of moles = = = 0.3 mole
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 30 𝑔 𝑚𝑜𝑙 −1
b) At 273K and 1 atm pressure 1 mole of a gas occupies a volume of 22.4L.
⸫number of moles of oxygen,that occupies a volume of 224ml at 273K and 3atm pressure
Pa

1 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒
= x 0.224L x 273K x 3 atm = 0.03 mole
273𝐾 ×1 𝑎𝑡𝑚 ×22.4𝐿
1 mole of oxygen contains 6.022 x 1023 molecules
w.

⸫0.03 mole of oxygen contains = 6.022 x 1023 x 0.03 = 1.807 x 1022 molecules of oxygen
4. a) 0.456g of a metal gives 0.606g of its chloride. Calculate the equivalent mass of the
metal.
ww

b) Calculate the equivalent mass of potassium dichromate. The reduction half reaction
in acid medium is, Cr2O72- + 14H+ + 6e- → 2Cr3+ + 7H2O
a) Mass of the metal = W1 = 0.456g
Mass of the metal chloride = W2 = 0.606g
⸫ Mass of chlorine = W2 – W1 = 0.606 – 0.456 = 0.15g
0.15g of chlorine combine with 0.456g of metal
0.456
⸫ 35.5g of chlorine will combine with x 35.5 = 107.92g eq-1
0.15
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠
b) Equivalent mass of a oxidising agent = 𝑁𝑜.𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑜𝑛𝑒
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑎𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡
294.18 𝑚𝑜𝑙 −1
= = 49.03g eq-1
6𝑒𝑞 𝑚𝑜𝑙 −1

Page. 8
Kindly Send Me Your Key Answer to Our email id - [email protected]
 www.Padasalai.Net www.Trb Tnpsc.Com

UNIT – I – BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY & CHEMICAL CALCULATIONS

| Mr. S.JOHNSON., M.Sc., M.Sc., B.Ed.,
5. A Compound on analysis gave the following percentage composition C= 54.55%, H=
9.09%, O= 36.36%. Determine the empirical formula of the compound.
Relative no. of atoms Ratio
Atomic 𝑷𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒂𝒈𝒆 (whole
Element Percentage = Simple ratio
mass 𝑨𝒕𝒐𝒎𝒊𝒄 𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔 Nos)
C 54.55% 12 54.55 / 12 = 4.55 4.55 / 2.27 = 2 2
H 9.09% 1 9.09 / 1 = 9.09 9.09 / 2.27 = 4 4
O 36.36% 16 36.36 / 16 = 2.27 2.27 / 2.27 = 1 1
⸫ Empirical formula = C2H4O
6. Experimental analysis of a compound containing the elements x, y, z on analysis gave
the following data. x = 32%, y = 24%, z = 44%. The relative number of atoms of x, y

et
and z are 2, 1 and 0.5 respectively. (molecular mass of the compound is 400g) Find out.
i) The atomic masses of the element x, y, z. ii) Empirical formula of the compound

i.N
and iii) Molecular formula of the compound.
Relative no. of Atomic mass = Ratio
Element Percentage atoms = 𝑷𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒂𝒈𝒆 𝑷𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒂𝒈𝒆 Simple ratio (whole

la
𝑨𝒕𝒐𝒎𝒊𝒄 𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔 𝑹𝒆𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝒏𝒐.𝒐𝒇 𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔 Nos)
X 32% 2 32 / 2 = 16 4 4
sa
Y 24% 1 24 / 1 = 24 2 2
Z 44% 0.5 44 / 0.5 = 88 1 1
⸫ Empirical formula = X4Y2Z
da

Calculate empirical formula mass = (16 x 4) + (24 x 2) + (88 x 1)

= 64 + 48 + 88 = 200
𝒎𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔 𝟒𝟎𝟎
n= = =2
Pa

𝒄𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝒆𝒎𝒑𝒊𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒖𝒍𝒂 𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔 𝟐𝟎𝟎

⸫ Molecular formula (X4Y2Z)2 = X8Y4Z2
7. The balanced equation for a reaction is given below 2x + 2y → 4l + m
w.

When 8 moles of x react with 15 moles of y, then i) Which is the limiting reagent?
ii) Calculate the amount of products formed. iii) Calculate the amount of excess
reagent left at the end of the reaction.
ww

Content Reactant Products

x y l m
Stoichiometric coefficient 2 3 4 1
No. of moles allowed to react 8 15 - -
No. of moles of reactant reacted and product 8 12 16 4
formed
No. of moles of un-reacted reactants and the - 3 16 4
product formed
Limiting reagent = x
Product formed = 16 moles of l & 4 moles of m
Amount of excess reactant = 3 moles of y

Page. 9
Kindly Send Me Your Key Answer to Our email id - [email protected]
 www.Padasalai.Net www.Trb Tnpsc.Com

UNIT – I – BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY & CHEMICAL CALCULATIONS

| Mr. S.JOHNSON., M.Sc., M.Sc., B.Ed.,
8. Balance the following equation using oxidation number method

et
Equate the total no. of electrons in the reactant side by cross multiplying,

i.N
Based on reactant side, balance the products

la
Product side: 36 hydrogen atoms & 88 oxygen atoms
Reactant side: 28 hydrogen atoms & 84 oxygen atoms
sa
Difference is 8 hydrogen atoms & 4 oxygen atoms
⸫ Add 4 H2O molecule on the reactant side.
Balanced equation,
da
Pa
w.
ww

Page. 10
Kindly Send Me Your Key Answer to Our email id - [email protected]
 www.Padasalai.Net www.Trb Tnpsc.Com

UNIT – I – BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY & CHEMICAL CALCULATIONS

| Mr. S.JOHNSON., M.Sc., M.Sc., B.Ed.,
GOVERNMENT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. Statement 1 : Two mole of glucose contains 12.044 × 1023 molecules of glucose
Statement 2 : Total number of entities present in one mole of any substance is equal to
6.02 × 1022. [GMQP-2018]
Whether the above statements are true? Is there any relation between these two
statements?
Ans. The statements 1 & 2 are true. But there is no relation between statement 1 and
statement 2.
2. How many moles of hydrogen is required to produce 10 moles of ammonia ? [HY-2018]

et
Ans. N2(g) + 3H2(g) → 2NH3(g)
To produce 2 moles of ammonia, 3 moles of hydrogen are required

i.N
To produce 10 moles of ammonia

la
sa
3. Define limiting reagent. [GMQP-2018; QY-2018]
Ans. Limiting reagent : When a reaction is carried out using non-stoichiometric quantities
of the reactants, the product yield will be determined by the reactant that is completely
da

consumed. It limits the further reaction from taking place and is called as the limiting
reagent.
4. Write the electronic concept of oxidation and reduction reactions. [QY. & HY. 2018]
Pa

Ans. The process can be explained on the basis of electrons. The reaction involving loss of
electron is termed oxidation
Fe2+ → Fe3+ + e– (loss of electron-oxidation).
w.

The reaction involving gain of electron is termed reduction.

Cu2+ + 2e– → Cu (gain of electron-reduction)
ww

5. Calculate the amount of water produced by the combustion of 32 g of methane. [QY-

2018]
Ans. CH4(g) + 2O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)
As per the stoichiometric equation,
Combustion of 1 mole (16 g) CH4 produces 2 moles (2 × 18 = 36 g) of water.

Page. 11
Kindly Send Me Your Key Answer to Our email id - [email protected]
 www.Padasalai.Net www.Trb Tnpsc.Com

UNIT – I – BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY & CHEMICAL CALCULATIONS

| Mr. S.JOHNSON., M.Sc., M.Sc., B.Ed.,

et
1.

i.N
la
sa
da
Pa
w.
ww

Page. 12
Kindly Send Me Your Key Answer to Our email id - [email protected]