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Experiment: To study heating efficiency of an Electric Kettle using voltage
variation/fixed voltage.
Apparatus and Materials:
1. Electric kettle
2. Measuring cylinder (or beaker)
3. Thermometer
4. Stopwatch
5. Weighing balance (optional, if measuring mass of water)
6. Multimeter (if power rating needs verification)
Theory:
Formula Used:
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𝒎. 𝒄. 𝚫𝑻
𝑬𝒇𝒇𝒊𝒄𝒊𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒚 (𝜼) = 𝚾 𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝑷. 𝒕
Procedure:
1. Setup: Fill the electric kettle with a known quantity of water (more than 1.2
L) using a measuring cylinder or weighing it on a balance.
2. Set the voltage in range 200-220 V. Heat the water till its temperature
reaches at least 40oC.
3. Record the initial temperature (T1) of the water using a thermometer.
4. Turn on the kettle and note the time (120 seconds) using a stopwatch until
the water reaches the desired temperature (e.g., boiling point).
5. Stir the water continuously till last reading.
6. Record the final temperature (T2) of the water.
7. Again note initial temperature (T1), set time 120 seconds and note final
temperature (T2).
8. Measure the mass of water (or calculate from volume, assuming 1 kg=1 L).
9. Note the power rating of the kettle from its label or measure it using a
multimeter.
10.Calculate the electrical energy consumed using E=Pt .
11.Calculate the heat energy supplied to water using Q=m⋅c⋅ ΔT
12.Compute the efficiency using the formula.
Observation and Table:
Power of kettle P: 500W
Voltage Set: 200-220V
Resistance of filament of electric kettle R: 100-130ohms
Least count of Voltmeter:……………………..V
Least count of Ammeter:………………………A
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Mass of Water taken in the container m= 1.25-1.30 L (Kg)
Time of heating t = 120 Seconds
Sr.No Initial Final Change in Temp. 𝑬𝒇𝒇𝒊𝒄𝒊𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒚 (𝜼)
Temp.(T1) Temp.(T2) (ΔT)
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6
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Calculations: Calculate the heating efficiency of electric kettle with different set
of change in temperature and find out the mean.
Result: Heating efficiency of electric kettle at high temperature is =
Precautions:
