Advisory Circular

Supplemental Holdover Timetables and Regression Information for

Subject: Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Type II and IV Fluids

Issuing Office: Civil Aviation, Standards Document No.: AC 700-040

File Classification No.: Z 5000-34 Issue No.: 01
RDIMS No.: 12291120-V11 Effective Date: 2016-09-30

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................................. 2
1.1 Purpose ............................................................................................................................................. 2
1.2 Applicability ....................................................................................................................................... 2
1.3 Description of Changes ..................................................................................................................... 2
2.0 REFERENCES AND REQUIREMENTS.......................................................................................... 2
2.1 Reference Documents ...................................................................................................................... 2
2.2 Cancelled Documents ....................................................................................................................... 3
2.3 Definitions and Abbreviations ............................................................................................................ 3
3.0 BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................................... 3
4.0 CURRENT STATUS ........................................................................................................................ 4
5.0 ACTION............................................................................................................................................ 4
6.0 FUTURE DISPOSITION .................................................................................................................. 4
7.0 INFORMATION MANAGEMENT .................................................................................................... 4
8.0 DOCUMENT HISTORY ................................................................................................................... 4
9.0 CONTACT OFFICE ......................................................................................................................... 5
APPENDIX A – SUPPLEMENT 1: HOLDOVER TIMETABLES FOR SAE TYPE II AND IV FLUIDS........ 6
TABLE EG ..................................................................................................................................................... 6
TABLE PG ..................................................................................................................................................... 7
TABLE EG-90% ............................................................................................................................................ 8
TABLE PG-90% ............................................................................................................................................ 9
APPENDIX B – SUPPLEMENT 2: REGRESSION INFORMATION FOR SAE TYPE II AND IV FLUIDS 10
TABLE RC EG ............................................................................................................................................ 10
TABLE RC-PG ............................................................................................................................................ 11
 2016-2017 Supplemental Holdover Timetables and Regression Information for SAE Type II and IV Fluids

1.1 INTRODUCTION

(1) This Advisory Circular (AC) is provided for information and guidance purposes. It describes an
example of an acceptable means, but not the only means, of demonstrating compliance with
regulations and standards. This AC on its own does not change, create, amend or permit
deviations from regulatory requirements, nor does it establish minimum standards.

1.1 Purpose

(1) This AC provides:

(a) Supplemental holdover timetables and regression information for SAE Type II and IV
fluids for use by:
(i) Air operators or private operators who incorporate the holdover time guidelines
as part of their Ground Icing Program (GIP).
(ii) Manufacturers of Holdover Time Determination Systems (HOTDS).
(iii) Developers of electronic holdover time applications (eHOT) applications.
(iv) All Transport Canada Civil Aviation (TCCA) inspectors with surveillance duties
and to individuals and organizations that exercise privileges granted to them
under an External Ministerial Delegation of Authority. This document is also
aimed at the aviation industry at large for information purposes.

1.2 Applicability

(1) This document applies to TCCA employees and to all individuals, organizations and industries
that are involved in aircraft winter operations and utilize the Transport Canada Holdover Time
(HOT) Guidelines, Winter 2016-2017.

1.3 Description of Changes

(1) Not applicable.

2.0 REFERENCES AND REQUIREMENTS

2.1 Reference Documents

(1) It is intended that the following reference materials be used in conjunction with this document:
(a) Aeronautics Act (R.S., 1985, c. A-2);
(b) Part VI, Subpart 02, Section 11 of the Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs) — Aircraft
Icing;
(c) Part VI, Subpart 02 of the CARs, General Operating Flight Rules Standard (GOFR)
622.11 — Ground Icing Operations;
(d) Transport Canada Publication — Transport Canada Holdover Time (HOT) Guidelines
Winter 2016-2017;
(e) Transport Canada Publication — Holdover Time (HOT) Guidelines Regression
Information Winter 2016-2017.
(f) Transport Canada Publication (TP) 14052, Edition 02, April 2005 — Guidelines for
Aircraft Ground Icing Operations.

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 2016-2017 Supplemental Holdover Timetables and Regression Information for SAE Type II and IV Fluids

2.2 Cancelled Documents

(1) Not applicable.

(2) By default, it is understood that the publication of a new issue of a document automatically
renders any earlier issues of the same document null and void.

2.3 Definitions and Abbreviations

(1) The following definitions are used in this document:

(a) Electronic holdover time application (eHOT app): software program for portable or
tablet computers that provides holdover times for aircraft ground de/anti-icing fluids.
(b) Holdover Time Determination System (HOTDS): a near real-time system that samples
a number of atmospheric inputs and uses these in conjunction with HOT regression
curves and associated coefficients for specific de/anti-icing fluids to produce a holdover
time determination report.
(c) HOT Guidelines: Guidance document containing holdover time tables that provide an
estimate of the length of time that de/anti-icing fluids will be effective. Because holdover
time is influenced by a number of factors, established times may be adjusted by the pilot-
in-command (PIC) according to the weather or other conditions. Air Operators' manuals
must describe the procedures to be followed for using holdover time guidelines. When
the guidelines are used as decision-making criteria, the procedures to be followed by the
pilot-in-command for varying the established values must also be specified.
(2) The following abbreviations are used in this document:
(a) AC: advisory circular;
(b) ADF: aircraft de-icing/anti-icing fluids;
(c) CARs: Canadian Aviation Regulations;
(d) eHOT: electronic holdover time, i.e. holdover time provided by eHOT app;
(e) GOFR: General Operating Flight Rules Standard;
(f) HOT: holdover time;
(g) HOTDS: holdover time determination system;
(h) SAE : Society of Automotive Engineers;
(i) TCCA: Transport Canada Civil Aviation.

3.0 BACKGROUND

(1) Section 602.11 of the Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs) states, in part that: "No person shall
conduct or attempt to conduct a take-off in an aircraft that has frost, ice or snow adhering to any
of its critical surfaces"; and the associated General Operating Flight Rules Standard (GOFR)
622.11, outlines the requirements of a Ground Icing Program (GIP), including the use of HOT
timetables.
(2) Transport Canada Civil Aviation (TCCA) annually publishes the HOT Guidelines to allow users
(e.g. operators, service providers) to prepare and update their respective GIP for the upcoming
winter season.

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 2016-2017 Supplemental Holdover Timetables and Regression Information for SAE Type II and IV Fluids

(3) TCCA annually publishes the HOT Guidelines Regression Information allow users (e.g.
operators, service providers) to prepare and update their respective GIP for the upcoming winter
season.
(4) Preliminary research findings collected in the winter of 2014-15 indicated that the HOT
information for some of the aircraft de-icing/anti-icing fluids (ADF) listed in the HOT Guidelines for
temperatures below -14°C in snow conditions did not meet the published times. Further
evaluation was required in order to assess the magnitude of the potential safety risk.
(5) Initial analysis from this evaluation in winter 2015-2016 confirmed that some of the ADF did not
meet the published HOTs. Consequently, as safety measure TCCA published the 2016-2017
HOT Guidelines with reduced holdover times for all Society of Automotive Engineers SAE Type II
and Type IV fluids.

4.0 CURRENT STATUS

(1) At the request of industry, TCCA and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) re-examined the
performance of ethylene glycol (EG) and propylene glycol (PG) based fluids and the theoretical
performance of fluids at -18°C. The analysis determined that the historic snow holdover times
(those published in the 2015-2016 HOT Guidelines) can be retained for:
(a) SAE Type IV EG based fluids in the below -14°C to Lowest Operational Use Temperature
(LOUT) temperature band; and
(b) SAE Type II and Type IV PG based fluids in the below -14 to -18°C temperature band.

5.0 ACTION

(1) End users of the Winter 2016-2017 Transport Canada Holdover (HOT) Guidelines (e.g. air
operators, service providers) are advised to incorporate the supplemental guidance provided in
Appendix A to their GIP and operations manuals.
(2) End users of the Winter 2016-2017 Transport Canada Holdover Time (HOT) Guidelines
Regression Information (e.g. holdover time determination systems (HOTDS) manufacturers,
eHOT application developers) are advised to incorporate the supplemental guidance provided in
Appendix B into their GIP and operations manuals.

6.0 FUTURE DISPOSITION

(1) These changes are interim. Additional analysis and/or research will be carried out to determine
appropriate long term solutions.

7.0 INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

(1) Not applicable.

8.0 DOCUMENT HISTORY

(1) Not applicable.

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 2016-2017 Supplemental Holdover Timetables and Regression Information for SAE Type II and IV Fluids

9.0 CONTACT OFFICE

For more information, please contact:

Commercial Flight Standards Division (AARTF)

E-mail: [email protected]

Suggestions for amendment to this document are invited, and should be submitted via the same
e-mail as above.

[Original signed by]

Robert Sincennes
Director, Standards
Civil Aviation

2016-09-23 5 of 11 AC 700-040 Issue 01

 APPENDIX A – SUPPLEMENT 1: HOLDOVER TIMETABLES FOR SAE TYPE II AND IV FLUIDS

TABLE EG

SAE TYPE IV ETHYLENE GLYCOL BASED FLUID9 HOLDOVER TIME GUIDELINES

FOR SNOW, SNOW GRAINS OR SNOW PELLETS BELOW -14°C (7°F) TO LOUT
THE RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE APPLICATION OF THESE DATA REMAINS WITH THE USER
Outside Air Approximate Holdover Times Under Various Weather Conditions
Type IV Fluid
Temperature1 (hours: minutes)
Concentration
Degrees Degrees Neat Fluid/Water Freezing Fog Snow, Snow Grains or Snow Pellets2 Freezing Light Rain on Cold
Other6
Celsius Fahrenheit (Volume %/Volume %) or Drizzle4 Freezing Soaked Wing5
Ice Crystals Very Light3 Light3 Moderate Rain
100/0
-3 and 27 and
above above 75/25 Refer to holdover times provided in the appropriate
fluid-specific or generic holdover time table published in the
50/50 Transport Canada Holdover Time (HOT) Guidelines Winter 2016-2017 CAUTION:
Original Issue: August 5, 2016 No holdover
below -3 below 27 100/0
time guidelines
to -14 to 7 exist
75/25
below -14 below 7 100/0 0:40 0:30 – 0:40 0:15 – 0:30
to LOUT8 to LOUT8

NOTES
1 Ensure that the lowest operational use temperature (LOUT) is respected. Consider use of Type I fluid when Type IV fluid cannot be used.
2 To determine snowfall intensity, the Snowfall Intensities as a Function of Prevailing Visibility table (Table 7) is required.
3 Use light freezing rain holdover times in conditions of very light or light snow mixed with light rain.
4 Use light freezing rain holdover times if positive identification of freezing drizzle is not possible.
5 No holdover time guidelines exist for this condition for 0°C (32°F) and below.
6 Heavy snow, ice pellets, moderate and heavy freezing rain, small hail and hail (Table 6 provides allowance times for ice pellets and small hail).
7 No holdover time guidelines exist for this condition below -10°C (14°F).
8 Refer to the fluid-specific HOT table in the document Transport Canada HOT Guidelines Winter 2016-2017, Original Issue: August 5, 2016 for the LOUT of each
fluid. This information is also provided in Table 8 of the same document. If the LOUT is unknown, no holdover time guidelines exist below -22.5°C (-8.5°F).
9 Table 8 table in the document Transport Canada HOT Guidelines Winter 2016-2017, Original Issue: August 5, 2016 provides the glycol base information for each
fluid. If the fluid base is unknown, assume it is propylene glycol for the purpose of determining holdover times.

CAUTIONS
• The only acceptable decision-making criterion, for takeoff without a pre-takeoff contamination inspection, is the shorter time within the applicable
holdover time table cell.
• The time of protection will be shortened in heavy weather conditions, heavy precipitation rates, or high moisture content. High wind velocity or jet
blast may reduce holdover time below the lowest time stated in the range. Holdover time may be reduced when aircraft skin temperature is lower than
outside air temperature.
• Fluids used during ground de/anti-icing do not provide in-flight icing protection.

2016-09-30 6 of 11 AC 700-040 Issue 01

 TABLE PG

SAE TYPE II AND TYPE IV PROPYLENE GLYCOL BASED FLUID9 HOLDOVER TIME GUIDELINES
FOR SNOW, SNOW GRAINS OR SNOW PELLETS BELOW -14°C (7°F) TO LOUT
THE RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE APPLICATION OF THESE DATA REMAINS WITH THE USER
Outside Air Approximate Holdover Times Under Various Weather Conditions
Temperature1 Type II/IV Fluid (hours: minutes)
Concentration
Degrees Degrees Freezing Fog Snow, Snow Grains or Snow Pellets2
Neat Fluid/Water Freezing Light Rain on Cold
or Other6
Celsius Fahrenheit (Volume %/Volume %) Drizzle4 Freezing Soaked Wing5
Ice Crystals
Very Light3 Light3 Moderate Rain
100/0
-3 and 27 and
75/25 Refer to holdover times provided in the appropriate
above above
fluid-specific or generic holdover time table published in the
50/50 Transport Canada Holdover Time (HOT) Guidelines Winter 2016-2017
CAUTION:
below -3 below 27 100/0 Original Issue: August 5, 2016
to -14 to 7 No holdover
75/25

below -14 below 7 time guidelines

100/0 0:40 0:30 – 0:40 0:15 – 0:30
to -18 to 0
exist
below -18 below 0 100/0 0:20 0:10 – 0:20 0:08 – 0:10
to LOUT8 to LOUT8

NOTES
1 Ensure that the lowest operational use temperature (LOUT) is respected. Consider use of Type I fluid when Type II/IV fluid cannot be used.
2 To determine snowfall intensity, the Snowfall Intensities as a Function of Prevailing Visibility table (Table 7) is required.
3 Use light freezing rain holdover times in conditions of very light or light snow mixed with light rain.
4 Use light freezing rain holdover times if positive identification of freezing drizzle is not possible.
5 No holdover time guidelines exist for this condition for 0°C (32°F) and below.
6 Heavy snow, ice pellets, moderate and heavy freezing rain, small hail and hail (Table 6 provides allowance times for ice pellets and small hail).
7 No holdover time guidelines exist for this condition below -10°C (14°F).
8 Refer to the fluid-specific HOT table in the document Transport Canada HOT Guidelines Winter 2016-2017, Original Issue: August 5, 2016 for the LOUT of each
fluid. This information is also provided in Table 8 of the same document. If the LOUT is unknown, no holdover time guidelines exist below -22.5°C (-8.5°F).
9 Table 8 table in the document Transport Canada HOT Guidelines Winter 2016-2017, Original Issue: August 5, 2016 provides the glycol base information for each
fluid. If the fluid base is unknown, assume it is propylene glycol for the purpose of determining holdover times.

CAUTIONS
• The only acceptable decision-making criterion, for takeoff without a pre-takeoff contamination inspection, is the shorter time within the applicable
holdover time table cell.
• The time of protection will be shortened in heavy weather conditions, heavy precipitation rates, or high moisture content. High wind velocity or jet
blast may reduce holdover time below the lowest time stated in the range. Holdover time may be reduced when aircraft skin temperature is lower than
outside air temperature.
• Fluids used during ground de/anti-icing do not provide in-flight icing protection.

2016-09-30 7 of 11 AC 700-040 Issue 01

 THIS TABLE IS FOR USE WHEN FLAPS/SLATS ARE DEPLOYED PRIOR TO DE/ANTI-ICING

TABLE EG-90%

SAE TYPE IV ETHYLENE GLYCOL BASED FLUID9

90% ADJUSTED HOLDOVER TIME GUIDELINES
FOR SNOW, SNOW GRAINS OR SNOW PELLETS BELOW -14°C (7°F) TO LOUT
THE RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE APPLICATION OF THESE DATA REMAINS WITH THE USER
Outside Air
Approximate Holdover Times Under Various Weather Conditions
Temperature1 (hours: minutes)
Type IV Fluid
Concentration
Neat Fluid/Water Freezing Fog Snow, Snow Grains or Snow Pellets2 Light
Degrees Degrees Freezing Rain on Cold
(Volume %/Volume %) or Freezing Other6
Celsius Fahrenheit Ice Crystals Very Light3 Light3 Moderate Drizzle4 Soaked Wing5
Rain
100/0
-3 and 27 and
above above 75/25
Refer to holdover times provided in the appropriate
50/50 fluid-specific or generic holdover time table published in the
Transport Canada Holdover Time (HOT) Guidelines Winter 2016-2017 CAUTION:
below -3 below 27 100/0 Original Issue: August 5, 2016 No holdover
to -14 to 7 time guidelines
75/25 exist
below -14 below 7 100/0 0:36 0:27 – 0:36 0:14 – 0:27
to LOUT8 to LOUT8

NOTES
1 Ensure that the lowest operational use temperature (LOUT) is respected. Consider use of Type I fluid when Type IV fluid cannot be used.
2 To determine snowfall intensity, the Snowfall Intensities as a Function of Prevailing Visibility table (Table 7) is required.
3 Use light freezing rain holdover times in conditions of very light or light snow mixed with light rain.
4 Use light freezing rain holdover times if positive identification of freezing drizzle is not possible.
5 No holdover time guidelines exist for this condition for 0°C (32°F) and below.
6 Heavy snow, ice pellets, moderate and heavy freezing rain, small hail and hail (Table 6 provides allowance times for ice pellets and small hail).
7 No holdover time guidelines exist for this condition below -10°C (14°F).
8 Refer to the fluid-specific HOT table in the document Transport Canada HOT Guidelines Winter 2016-2017, Original Issue: August 5, 2016 for the LOUT of each fluid. This information is also
provided in Table 8 of the same document. If the LOUT is unknown, no holdover time guidelines exist below -22.5°C (-8.5°F).
9 Table 8 table in the document Transport Canada HOT Guidelines Winter 2016-2017, Original Issue: August 5, 2016 provides the glycol base information for each fluid. If the fluid base is
unknown, assume it is propylene glycol for the purpose of determining holdover times.

CAUTIONS
• The only acceptable decision-making criterion, for takeoff without a pre-takeoff contamination inspection, is the shorter time within the applicable holdover time table cell.
• The time of protection will be shortened in heavy weather conditions, heavy precipitation rates, or high moisture content. High wind velocity or jet blast may reduce holdover time
below the lowest time stated in the range. Holdover time may be reduced when aircraft skin temperature is lower than outside air temperature.
• Fluids used during ground de/anti-icing do not provide in-flight icing protection.

2016-09-30 8 of 11 AC 700-040 Issue 01

 THIS TABLE IS FOR USE WHEN FLAPS/SLATS ARE DEPLOYED PRIOR TO DE/ANTI-ICING

TABLE PG-90%

SAE TYPE II AND TYPE IV PROPYLENE GLYCOL BASED FLUID9

90% ADJUSTED HOLDOVER TIME GUIDELINES
FOR SNOW, SNOW GRAINS OR SNOW PELLETS BELOW -14°C (7°F) TO LOUT
THE RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE APPLICATION OF THESE DATA REMAINS WITH THE USER
Outside Air Approximate Holdover Times Under Various Weather Conditions
Temperature1 Type II/IV Fluid (hours: minutes)
Concentration
Degrees Degrees Neat Fluid/Water Freezing Fog Snow, Snow Grains or Snow Pellets2 Light
Freezing Rain on Cold
(Volume %/Volume %) or Freezing Other6
Celsius Fahrenheit Very Light3 Light3 Moderate Drizzle4 Soaked Wing5
Ice Crystals Rain
100/0
-3 and 27 and
above above 75/25 Refer to holdover times provided in the appropriate
50/50 fluid-specific or generic holdover time table published in the
Transport Canada Holdover Time (HOT) Guidelines Winter 2016-2017 CAUTION:
below -3 below 27 100/0 Original Issue: August 5, 2016
to -14 to 7 No holdover
75/25
below -14 below 7 100/0 0:36 0:27 – 0:36 0:14 – 0:27 time guidelines
to -18 to 0
exist
below -18 below 0 100/0 0:18 0:09 – 0:18 0:07 – 0:09
to LOUT8 to LOUT8

NOTES
1 Ensure that the lowest operational use temperature (LOUT) is respected. Consider use of Type I fluid when Type II/IV fluid cannot be used.
2 To determine snowfall intensity, the Snowfall Intensities as a Function of Prevailing Visibility table (Table 7) is required.
3 Use light freezing rain holdover times in conditions of very light or light snow mixed with light rain.
4 Use light freezing rain holdover times if positive identification of freezing drizzle is not possible.
5 No holdover time guidelines exist for this condition for 0°C (32°F) and below.
6 Heavy snow, ice pellets, moderate and heavy freezing rain, small hail and hail (Table 6 provides allowance times for ice pellets and small hail).
7 No holdover time guidelines exist for this condition below -10°C (14°F).
8 Refer to the fluid-specific HOT table in the document Transport Canada HOT Guidelines Winter 2016-2017, Original Issue: August 5, 2016 for the LOUT of each fluid. This information is also
provided in Table 8 of the same document. If the LOUT is unknown, no holdover time guidelines exist below -22.5°C (-8.5°F).
9 Table 8 table in the document Transport Canada HOT Guidelines Winter 2016-2017, Original Issue: August 5, 2016 provides the glycol base information for each fluid. If the fluid base is
unknown, assume it is propylene glycol for the purpose of determining holdover times.

CAUTIONS
• The only acceptable decision-making criterion, for takeoff without a pre-takeoff contamination inspection, is the shorter time within the applicable holdover time table cell.
• The time of protection will be shortened in heavy weather conditions, heavy precipitation rates, or high moisture content. High wind velocity or jet blast may reduce holdover time
below the lowest time stated in the range. Holdover time may be reduced when aircraft skin temperature is lower than outside air temperature.
• Fluids used during ground de/anti-icing do not provide in-flight icing protection.

2016-09-30 9 of 11 AC 700-040 Issue 01

 APPENDIX B – SUPPLEMENT 2: REGRESSION INFORMATION FOR SAE TYPE II AND IV
FLUIDS

TABLE RC EG

SAE TYPE IV ETHYLENE GLYCOL BASED FLUID4

(SNOW, SNOW GRAINS OR SNOW PELLETS BELOW -14°C TO LOUT)
REGRESSION COEFFICIENTS TABLE AND VERIFICATION TABLE
Outside Air
Regression Coefficients for Calculating Holdover Times Under Various Weather Conditions
Temperature
Fluid Snow, Snow
Freezing Light Rain on
Degrees Degrees Dilution Grains or Snow Pellets² ,³ Freezing
Fog or Ice Freezing Cold Soaked Other
Celsius Fahrenheit Drizzle¹
Crystals¹ < 4 g/dm²/h 4 to <10 g/dm²/h ≥ 10 g/dm²/h Rain¹ Wing¹

100/0

-3 and 27 and
75/25
above above
Refer to the regression coefficients provided in the appropriate
fluid-specific regression coefficients table published in the document
50/50 Transport Canada HOT Guidelines Regression Information
Winter 2016-2017, Original Issue: August 5, 2016

100/0
CAUTION:
below -3 below 27 No holdover
to -14 to 7 time guidelines
exist
75/25

I = 2.0691 I = 1.7911 I = 2.2336

below -14 below 7
5 5 100/0 A = -0.7757 A = -0.3140 A = -0.7565
to LOUT to LOUT
B = 0.0000 B = 0.0000 B = 0.0000
I A
1 Regression Equation: t = 10 R , where R = precipitation rate (g/dm²/h)
2 Regression Equation: t = 10I RA (2-T)B, where R = precipitation rate (g/dm²/h) and T = temperature (in °C)
3 CAUTION: Use of these coefficients is limited by the lowest usable precipitation rates provided in Table 5 in the document Transport Canada HOT Guidelines
Regression Information Winter 2016-2017, Original Issue: August 5, 2016.
4 Table 8 in the document Transport Canada HOT Guidelines Winter 2016-2017, Original Issue: August 5, 2016 provides the glycol base information for each fluid.
If the fluid base is unknown, assume it is propylene glycol for the purpose of determining regression coefficients.
5 Table 8 in the document Transport Canada HOT Guidelines Winter 2016-2017, Original Issue: August 5, 2016 provides the LOUT of each fluid. If the LOUT is
unknown, no holdover times can be provided below -22.5°C (-8.5°F).

HOTDS Verification Times Under Various Weather Conditions (minutes)

As Calculated from Regression Coefficients
Outside
Fluid Freezing Fog Snow, Snow Grains Freezing Light Rain on Cold
Air Temp.
Dilution or Ice Crystals or Snow Pellets* Drizzle Freezing Rain Soaked Wing
(°C)
(g/dm²/h) (g/dm²/h) (g/dm²/h) (g/dm²/h) (g/dm²/h)

5 2 25 10 3 13 5 25 13 75 5
100/0
+1 / -3 ** 75/25 Refer to the verification times provided in the appropriate
fluid-specific regression coefficients table published in the document
50/50
Transport Canada HOT Guidelines Regression Information
100/0 Winter 2016-2017, Original Issue: August 5, 2016
-10 / -14 ***
75/25
-25 100/0 15.0 30.0 50.0
* Refer to Table 5 in the document Transport Canada HOT Guidelines Regression Information Winter 2016-2017, Original Issue: August 5, 2016 for the lowest
usable precipitation rates in snow
** Rain on cold soaked wing calculated at +1°C; all other conditions calculated at -3°C
*** Freezing fog and snow calculated at -14°C; freezing drizzle and light freezing rain calculated at -10°C

2016-09-23 10 of 11 AC 700-040 Issue 01

 TABLE RC-PG

SAE TYPE II AND TYPE IV PROPYLENE GLYCOL BASED FLUID4

(SNOW, SNOW GRAINS OR SNOW PELLETS BELOW -14°C TO LOUT)
REGRESSION COEFFICIENTS TABLE AND VERIFICATION TABLE
Outside Air
Regression Coefficients for Calculating Holdover Times Under Various Weather Conditions
Temperature
Fluid Snow, Snow
Freezing Light Rain on
Degrees Degrees Dilution Grains or Snow Pellets² ,³ Freezing
Fog or Ice Freezing Cold Soaked Other
Celsius Fahrenheit Drizzle¹
Crystals¹ < 4 g/dm²/h 4 to <10 g/dm²/h ≥ 10 g/dm²/h Rain¹ Wing¹

100/0

-3 and 27 and
75/25
above above
Refer to the regression coefficients provided in the appropriate
fluid-specific regression coefficients table published in the document
50/50 Transport Canada HOT Guidelines Regression Information
Winter 2016-2017, Original Issue: August 5, 2016

100/0
below -3 below 27
to -14 to 7 CAUTION:
No holdover
75/25
time guidelines
exist
I = 2.0691 I = 1.7911 I = 2.2336
below -14 below 7
100/0 A = -0.7757 A = -0.3140 A = -0.7565
to -18 to 0
B = 0.0000 B = 0.0000 B = 0.0000

I = 1.7680 I = 1.7565 I = 1.2435

below -18 below 0
100/0 A = -0.7757 A = -0.7565 A = -0.2435
to LOUT5 to LOUT5
B = 0.0000 B = 0.0000 B = 0.0000
I A
1 Regression Equation: t = 10 R , where R = precipitation rate (g/dm²/h)
2 Regression Equation: t = 10I RA (2-T)B, where R = precipitation rate (g/dm²/h) and T = temperature (in °C)
3 CAUTION: Use of these coefficients is limited by the lowest usable precipitation rates provided in Table 5 in the document Transport Canada HOT Guidelines
Regression Information Winter 2016-2017, Original Issue: August 5, 2016.
4 Table 8 in the document Transport Canada HOT Guidelines Winter 2016-2017, Original Issue: August 5, 2016 provides the glycol base information for each fluid.
If the fluid base is unknown, assume it is propylene glycol for the purpose of determining regression coefficients.
5 Table 8 in the document Transport Canada HOT Guidelines Winter 2016-2017, Original Issue: August 5, 2016 provides the LOUT of each fluid. If the LOUT is
unknown, no holdover times can be provided below -22.5°C (-8.5°F).

HOTDS Verification Times Under Various Weather Conditions (minutes)

As Calculated from Regression Coefficients
Outside
Fluid Freezing Fog Snow, Snow Grains Freezing Light Rain on Cold
Air Temp.
Dilution or Ice Crystals or Snow Pellets* Drizzle Freezing Rain Soaked Wing
(°C)
(g/dm²/h) (g/dm²/h) (g/dm²/h) (g/dm²/h) (g/dm²/h)

5 2 25 10 3 13 5 25 13 75 5
100/0
+1 / -3 ** 75/25 Refer to the verification times provided in the appropriate
fluid-specific regression coefficients table published in the document
50/50
Transport Canada HOT Guidelines Regression Information
100/0 Winter 2016-2017, Original Issue: August 5, 2016
-10 / -14 ***
75/25
-18 100/0 15.0 30.0 50.0
-25 100/0 8.0 10.0 25.0
* Refer to Table 5 in the document Transport Canada HOT Guidelines Regression Information Winter 2016-2017, Original Issue: August 5, 2016 for the lowest
usable precipitation rates in snow
** Rain on cold soaked wing calculated at +1°C; all other conditions calculated at -3°C
*** Freezing fog and snow calculated at -14°C; freezing drizzle and light freezing rain calculated at -10°C

2016-09-23 11 of 11 AC 700-040 Issue 01