EERC

MANILA – BAGUIO – LEGAZPI

Final Pre-board Examination

Saturday, November 9, 2024 1:00 p.m. — 5:00 p.m.

HYDRAULICS AND PRINCIPLE OF GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING

INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for each of the following questions.
Mark only one answer for each item by shading the box corresponding to the
letter of your choice on the answer sheet provided. STRICTLY NO ERASURES
ALLOWED. Use pencil no. 2 only.

Situation 1: The section of a concrete gravity dam shown in the figure. The
depth of water at the upstream side is 7 m. Neglect hydrostatic uplift and use
unit weight of concrete equal to 23.5 kN/m 3. Coefficient of friction between
the base of the dam and foundation is 0.8.

1) Determine the factor of safety against sliding.

a. 1.29 c. 1.25
b. 1.27 d. 1.32

2) Determine the factor of safety against overturning.

a. 1.29 c. 1.25
b. 1.27 d. 1.32

3) Calculate the compressive stress acting at the toe.

a. 394. 76 kPa c. 589.58 kPa

b. 144. 09 kPa d. 145.10 kPa

Situation 2: The table shows the

laboratory results of the sieve Sieve No. Diameter Percent Passing,
analysis of a sample. %
4 4.76 90
4) Determine the nearest value of 8 2.38 64
10 2.00 58
coefficient of uniformity. 20 0.84 35
40 0.42 22
a. 14.22 c. 0.643 60 0.25 15
b. 2.119 d. 1.31 100 0.149 10
200 0.074 4
5) Determine the nearest value of
coefficient of curvature.

a. 14.22 c. 0.643
b. 2.119 d. 1.31

6) Classify the soil according to

Unified Classification System.

a. SP c. SW
b. SC d. SM

Situation 3: A rectangular irrigation

canal 6 m wide contains water 1 m
deep. It has a hydraulic slope of
0.001 and a roughness coefficient of
0.013.

7) Compute the mean velocity of the

water in the canal in m/s.

a. 2.5 c. 2.01
b. 3.01 d. 3.25

1
 EERC
MANILA – BAGUIO – LEGAZPI

Final Pre-board Examination

Saturday, November 9, 2024 1:00 p.m. — 5:00 p.m.

HYDRAULICS AND PRINCIPLE OF GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING

8) Compute the discharge in the canal in m 3/s.

a. 12.05 c. 11.04
b. 11.25 d. 12.35

9) What would have been the depth of the canal, in meters, using the most
economical proportions but adhering to same discharge and slope.

a. 3.35 m c. 1.68 m
b. 2.25 m d. 1.45 m

Situation 4: A rectangular gate 1.2 m by 3 m is acted by water on one side and

positioned with its longer sides parallel to the water surface and the plane of
the gate is inclined at 600 with the horizontal. The top of the gate is submerged
2 m vertically below the water surface.

10) Calculate the total hydrostatic force on the gate.

a. 70.63 kN c. 80.34 kN
b. 85.23 kN d. 88.98 kN

11) Determine the point of action of the total hydrostatic force from the bottom
of the plane of the gate.

a. 0.56 m c. 0.04 m
b. 0.64 m d. 0.34 m

12) If the gate is hinged at the bottom, evaluate the force normal to the gate
at its vertex that will be required to open it in kN.

a. 47.55 kN c. 46.55 kN
b. 41.43 kN d. 40.34 kN

13) The weight per unit volume of a liquid at a standard temperature and pressure
is called:

a. Specific Weight c. Specific Gravity

b. Mass Density d. None of the above

14) In Civil Engineering, soil is:

a. Found in Earth’s Crust c. It is where plants grow

b. Uncemented Aggregate d. All of these

15) Ratio of weight of water to weight of solid particles.

a. Water content c. Porosity

b. Void ratio `` d. Degree of saturation

16)NSCP Sec 302.4 Fills

Unless otherwise recommended in the approved geotechnical engineering
report, cuts shall conform to the provisions of this section. In the absence of
an approved geotechnical report, these provisions may be waived for minor fills
(Heigth ≤ _ meters) not intended to support structures.

a. 4 c. 1
b. 3 d. 2

17) NSCP 302.4 Fills

The slope of cut surfaces shall be no steeper than is safe for the intended
use and shall be no steeper than 1 unit vertical in __ units horizontal unless
substantiating data justifying steeper slopes are submitted and approved.

a. 1 c. 2
b. 1.5 d. 2.5

18) NSCP Sec 302.2 Cuts

Unless otherwise recommended in the approved geotechnical engineering
report or engineering report, cuts shall conform to the provisions of this

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 EERC
MANILA – BAGUIO – LEGAZPI

Final Pre-board Examination

Saturday, November 9, 2024 1:00 p.m. — 5:00 p.m.

HYDRAULICS AND PRINCIPLE OF GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING

section. In the absence of an approved geotechnical engineering report, these

provisions may be waived for cuts __ meters or less in height, involving intact
rock or hard soil, that are not intended to support structures.

a. 1 c. 2
b. 3 d. 4

Situation 5: The coefficient of permeability below a dam is 4 m/day. The water

on the upstream side is 30 meter higher on the downstream side. To estimate the
seepage below the dam, a flow net was graphically drawn such that the number of
potential drops, Nd = 10 and the number of flow channels Nf = 4. The base of
the dam is founded 1 m below the ground. Between the heel and the toe of the
dam, a distance of 30 meters, there are 8 potential drops.

19) Evaluate the seepage flow per meter width of dam, in liters/min.

a. 18.6 c. 20.6
b. 33.3 d. 32.5

20) Determine the uplift pressure at the heel of the dam, in kPa.

a. 114 c. 198
b. 274 d. 181

21) Determine the uplift force at the base of the dam, in kN.

a. 3384 c. 5672
b. 5018 d. 3245

22) A rectangular footing 3m x 2m has a thickness of 0.4m. If P = 700 kN is

acting at d1 = 1.5m and d2 = 0.5m, find the maximum soil pressure, neglecting
the weight of the footing.

a. 311.11 kPa c. 291.67 kPa

b. 58.33 kPa d. 234.67 kPa

23) A closed cylindrical tank, 1 m in diameter, 3 m high, is full of water. It

is rotating about its vertical axis with a speed of 120 rpm. Find the pressure
at the top just under the cover along the circumference.

a. 0 kPa c. 19.74 kPa

b. 49.17 kPa d. 20.34 kPa

24) An unconfined compression test was conducted on a sample of clay having a

diameter of 50 mm. The failure load was recorded at 250 N. The cohesion strength
of the clay, in kPa, is nearest to a value of:

a. 45.0 c. 63.7
b. 127.0 d. 101.0

Situation 6: According to Sectiom 304.2 of NSCP, the designated allowable

foundation pressure of 100 kPa (in Table 304-1 of NSCP) is for footing having
a minimum footing width of 300 mm and minimum depth of 300 mm into the natural
grade. An increase of 20% is allowed for each additional 300 mm of width and/or
depth to a maximum value of three times the designated value.

25) Calculate the allowable foundation pressure (in kPa) of square footing 1.2
m in width and 900 mm in depth.

3
 EERC
MANILA – BAGUIO – LEGAZPI

Final Pre-board Examination

Saturday, November 9, 2024 1:00 p.m. — 5:00 p.m.

HYDRAULICS AND PRINCIPLE OF GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING

a. 179 c. 220
b. 225 d. 200

26) Based on the first question, find the safe load (in kN) on top of the
footing.

a. 254 c. 328
b. 310 d. 288

27) Calculate the allowable foundation pressure (in kPa) of square footing 900
mm in width and 900 mm in depth.

a. 190 c. 180
b. 179 d. 224

Situation 7: A 0.36 m square prestressed concrete pile is to be driven in a

clayey soil as shown in the figure. The design capacity of the pile is 360 kN,
with a factor of safety of 2.0.
Given:
Undrained shear strength, qu = 111 kN/m 2
Unit weight of clayey soil = 18.5 kN/m 3

28) Compute the end bearing capacity of pile if N c = 9. 64.74 kN

a. 54.45 kN c. 67.35 kN
b. 64.74 kN d. 57.65 kN

29) Compute the skin friction expected to develop along the shaft of the pile.

a. 655.26 kN c. 295.26 kN
c. 567.34 kN d. 345.56 kN

30) Compute the length of the pile if frictional constant 𝛼 = 0.76.

a. 9.45 m c. 8.56 m
b. 11.45 m d. 10.79 m

31) What test is not performed in laboratory?

a. Direct shear test c. Triaxial shear test

b. Unconfined compression test d. Vane test

32) An underground tunnel is to be constructed at a depth of 12 meters below

ground surface for a subway in Metro Manila. On ground surface and radially
located from the line of the tunnel is a vertical load of 15 MN. Design
specifications require that the vertical stress due to the load at the level of
the tunnel should not exceed five (5) percent the vertical stress at the same
depth directly below the load.

Obtain the minimum distance, in meters, at which the alignment of the tunnel be
located from the line of application of the load.

Hint: Use Boussinesq theory, the vertical stress at a point below the surface
of a semi-infinite, homogenous, isotropic soil mass due to a point load Q
applied at the ground surface.

P = 0.477QN/z^2
Where N = 1/[1 + (r/z)^2]^2.5
r = horizontal distance of the point from the vertical line of application of
the load
z = depth of point below the surface

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 EERC
MANILA – BAGUIO – LEGAZPI

Final Pre-board Examination

Saturday, November 9, 2024 1:00 p.m. — 5:00 p.m.

HYDRAULICS AND PRINCIPLE OF GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING

a. 16.72 m c. 20.15 m
b. 13.87 m d. 18.26 m

33) These are fluids that tends to vary its viscosity depending on the shear
stresses that are applied into it.

a. Bingham Fluid c. Newtonian Fluid

b. Non-Newtonian Fluid d. Viscous Fluid

34) A field pumping test was conducted from an aquifer of sand soil of 6 m
thickness confined between two impervious strata. When equilibrium was
established, the pumping rate was 100 liters per hour. The water elevation in
an observation well 3 m away from the test well was 2.4 m and another 6 m away
was 3 m from the roof level of the impervious stratum of the aquifer. Determine
the value of k of the soil in m/s.

a. 1.35 x 10^(-6) c. 9.29 x 10^(-5)

b. 1.13 x 10^(-4) d. 4.68 x 10^(-4)

35) The in-situ water content of a soil sample is 20% while its liquid limit is
80% and plastic limit is 5%. Determine the description of the soil sample based
on liquidity index.

a. Brittle c. Viscous
b. Plastic d. Soil

36) A trapezoidal channel has a side slope of 3H:4V and the slope of its slope
bed is 1:2000. The channel is to carry 0.5 cubic meters per second and the depth
of the channel is 0.6 m. Given that the channel bed has a width of 2 m, determine
the value of the Froude number, and identify which stage is the flow.

a. 0.153, supercritical c. 1.204, subcritical

b. 0.153, subcritical d. 1.204, supercritical

Situation 8: A triaxial shear test was performed on a well-drained sand sample.

The normal stress on the failure plane and the shearing stress on the failure
plane were determined to be 63 kPa and 42 kPa, respectively.

37) Determine the angle of internal friction of the sand, in degrees.

a. 23.690 c. 33.690
b. 34.290 d. 24.690

38) Determine the angle, in degrees, of the failure plane with respect to the
horizontal plane.

a. 51.950 c. 67.840
b. 61.850 d. 60.580

39) Determine the axial stress applied to the specimen, in kPa.

a. 141.48 kPa c. 114.48 kPa

b. 140.48 kPa d. 140.84 kPa

Situation 9: Reservoir A at elevation 135 m supplies tanks B (elev 125 m) and

C (elev 110 m) at 17 L/s and 25 L/s, respectively. The pressure at junction D
is 100 kPa and the elevation of the junction D is 120 m. If n = 0.012 for all
pipes. The length of the pipe through A is 1000 m, that to B is 1200 m, and to
C is 1100 m.

40) Determine the diameter for the pipe connected to A.

a. 0.579 c. 0.177
b. 0.156 d. 0.244

41) Determine the diameter required to the pipe through B.

a. 0.579 c. 0.244
b. 0.177 d. 0.156

5
 EERC
MANILA – BAGUIO – LEGAZPI

Final Pre-board Examination

Saturday, November 9, 2024 1:00 p.m. — 5:00 p.m.

HYDRAULICS AND PRINCIPLE OF GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING

42) Determine the diameter required to the pipe through C.

a. 0.177 c. 0.156
b. 0.579 d. 0.244

43) The bottom of an empty closed tank is placed 20 m below the ground surface.
It has a radius of 6 m and a height of 14 m. What is the normal force acting at
the sides of the tank? S.g. of soil = 2.68

a. 57149 kN c. 57429 kN
b. 57419 kN d. 57914 kN

44) The weight per unit volume of a liquid at a standard temperature and pressure
is called:

a. specific weight c. specific gravity

b. mass density d. none of the above

45) In AASHTO, soil greater than 75 mm is classified as:

a. cobbles c. gravel
b. boulders d. clays

46) An iceberg having a specific gravity of 0.9 floats in a salt water having
a specific gravity of 1.03. If the volume of the ice above the surface is 500
m3, what is the volume of the iceberg?

a. 3962 m3 c. 2962 m3
b. 3926 m3 d. 2926 m3

Situation 10: A vertical cylindrical tank has an orifice at the bottom for its
outlet. Diameter of the orifice is 100 mmØ. The tank has a coefficient of
discharge of 0.60. Height of the tank is 6 m with a diameter of 6 m and the
tank is full of water at the start.

47) Find the time in minutes that water will be drained out equal to 100 m 3.

a. 39.74 c. 37.35
b. 34.69 d. 36.79

48) Find the time in minutes to lower the water to a depth of 4 m.

a. 24.20 c. 20.30
b. 23.34 d. 21.34

49) Find the time in minutes to empty the tank.

a. 110.6 c. 120.5
b. 115.7 d. 112.3

50) When at any instant, the number of particles passing every section of the
stream are always equal, the flow is said to be

a. Continuous c. Steady flow

b. Turbulent flow d. Laminar flow