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Performance of Sangguniang Kabataan Officials in Barangay Adlay as Mandated

by Republic Act No. 10742

Article · July 2023

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8118758

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 e-ISSN: 2348-6848
International Journal of Research p-ISSN: 2348-795X
(IJR) Vol. 10 Issue 07
July 2023

Performance of Sangguniang Kabataan Officials in Barangay Adlay

as Mandated by Republic Act No. 10742
Mack Ronald M. Erlina1, Analyn S. Boncalo2, Audi Kondessa N. Gortifacion3, Alvin J. Sumampong4,
Hazel B. Montalba5, Nescile Jake B. Ganto6, Liza L. Chua7
1,2
Student, AB-Political Science, Saint Paul University Surigao
3,4,5,6
Faculty, College of Education, Culture and the Arts, Saint Paul University Surigao
7
Dean, College of Education, Culture & Arts, Saint Paul University Surigao, Surigao City, Philippines

Abstract
The Sangguniang Kabataan (SK) is the youth council in the Philippines that serves as a platform for young individuals
to participate in local governance and advocate for the needs and interests of the youth in their communities. The
study aimed to assess the perception of the performance of the Sangguniang Kabataan Officials in Brgy. Adlay as
mandated by Republic Act No. 10742. The study anchored the essential instrument to Rule 2, Section 8 of the Rules
and Regulations Implementing Republic Act No. 10742, otherwise known as the Sangguniang Kabataan Reform Act
of 2015. The study was conducted in Barangay Adlay, Carrascal, Surigao Del Sur, during the second semester of the
academic year 2021-2022. The study administered three groups of participants: Elected Barangay Officials (10),
Sangguniang Kabataan Officials (5), and Katipunan ng Kabataan (102). Frequency Count and Percentage
Distribution, Mean and Standard Deviation, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were used to treat the data. The
majority were male; aged between 25-30 years old and College Level. Based on the study's findings, the overall
performance of the Sangguniang Kabataan (SK) in Barangay Adlay received a positive rating, with Barangay Officials
perceiving it most favorably, while the Katipunan ng Kabataan had a lower perception rating. However, there was a
significant variance in perception among the participant groups, indicating a need for improved community
engagement and communication. The study recommends continued training and support for SK officials, guidance
from Barangay Officials, regular consultations, transparency in transactions, and active participation from the
Katipunan ng Kabataan to enhance the SK's performance and engagement in local governance.

Keywords: Sangguniang kabataan,katipunan ng kabataan,barangay officials,republic act of 2015,performance,

Philippines

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background
The word "Youth" became word-of-mouth in every aspect ever since Gat. Jose P. Rizal pinpointed that the
"Youth is the hope of the nation." From then, complex schemes were initiated by different institutions to advocate for
youth empowerment. Given that fact, governments started to include youth to be an advocates in politics.
In the Philippines, the youth has been pigeonholed to a role in nation-building. Likewise, in the Philippines,
the country has an exemplary reform structure in allowing the youth to participate, influence, and lead the public. In
connection, the nation's inclusion of youth in governance is shown through the creation and operation of "Sangguniang
Kabataan," which is formerly known as "Kabataang Barangay" (Village Youth) by Presidential Decree 648 under
Marcos's regimen. It has undergone a reform called Republic Act no. 10742, otherwise known as the "Sangguniang
Kabataan Reform Act of 2016 due to major incompetencies in the performance of Sangguniang Kabataan officials."
In this reform act, the duties and responsibilities of the elected Sangguniang Kabataan Officials are well-stipulated as
to the discharge and exercise of these roles in the community and for the benefit of the Katipunan ng Kabataan. The
duties and responsibilities of the Sangguniang Kabataan in the reform act are under Chapter 2, Section 8 of the
mentioned reform act. This is to ensure that the powers and functions of the Sangguniang Kabataan are vividly
comprehensive and systematic.
Incorporating the divided judgment viewed by the Katipunan ng Kabataan in Barangay Adlay. The
performance of the Sangguniang Kabataan was perceived with both positive and negative implications and criticisms.

Received: 4 June 2023 71

Revised: 22 June 2023
Final Accepted 4 July 2023
Copyright Ó authors 2023 DOI: h5ps://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8118758
 e-ISSN: 2348-6848
International Journal of Research p-ISSN: 2348-795X
(IJR) Vol. 10 Issue 07
July 2023

On that account, this year, the Sangguniang Kabataan of Adlay received backlash from the Katipunan ng Kabataan
via social media. In support of this, on November 13, 2021, a post went viral on Facebook authored by Bravura of
Isabella which was originally posted on April 20, 2018. The post contained the expected performances and skills of
the aspiring Sangguniang Kabataan Officials. The post reached some of the Katipunan ng Kabataan of Brgy. Adlay
which were Facebook users. The issue snowballed when Molinar shared the post with a negative caption about the
current Sangguniang Kabataan Officials. The caption of Molinar raged at the chairperson of the Sangguniang
Kabataan. The argument they started attracted some of the Katipunan ng Kabataan of Brgy. Adlay to speak up. This
led to the question of the capabilities and performances of the current Sangguniang Kabataan Officials in Brgy. Adlay.
With this considerable problem, the researchers were prompted to assess the perceived performance of the
Sangguniang Kabataan Officials of Brgy. Adlay subsuming the powers and functions of a Sangguniang Kabataan
official as mandated and stipulated under Republic Act No. 10742, “SANGGUNIANG KABATAAN REFORM ACT
OF 2016.” Likewise, it aimed to propose recommendations that would enhance the leadership performance of the
Sangguniang Kabataan Officials.

1.2 Objectives

The study aimed to assess the performance of Sanguniang Kabataan Officials of Brgy. Adlay. Specifically, the study
sought to answer the following questions:
1. What is the profile of the participants in terms of:
1.1 Age;
1.2 Educational Attainment; and,
1.3 Sex?
2. What is the assessment on the indicators of Sangguniang Kabataan as assessed by:
2.1. Barangay Officials;
2.2. Sangguniang Kabataan Officials; and,
2.3. Katipunan ng Kabataan (Youth)?
3. Is there any significant variance in the results of the perception of the performances of Sangguniang Kabataan
Officials?
4. Is there any significant variance in the results of the perception of the performance of Sangguniang Kabataan
Officials when grouped according to their profile?
5. Based on the results of the study, what recommendation may be proposed?

1.3 Literature Review

The participation of the youth in nation-building is vital as the state recognizes the potential of the young
minds in shaping good governance. [1] acknowledged the role of the youth by asserting that the participation of youth
refers to a process whereby the youth can engage and influence. It may also refer to an outcome where the young
people had a chance to contribute to a process. It is also supported by Maguire (2007), who coined that the youth are
tomorrow's leaders, parents, professionals, and workers and today's assets. Properly supported and given the right
opportunities, girls and boys, young women and young men can play a significant part in lifting themselves, their
families, and communities out of poverty. On the contrary, according to Youth Political Participation or YPP (2017),
it negates that young people are often excluded or overlooked as political leaders. Politics is typically regarded as a
space for politically experienced men, and while women are often disadvantaged in accumulating experience to run
for office, young people are systematically marginalized because of their young ages, limited opportunities, and
projected lack of experience. The claim was later supported by Maranon II (2018), asserting that researchers are
proposing that the eligibility must exclude the ages 15-17 years old. Accordingly, highlighted in his report, "Legislators
reasoned that those 15 years of age but under 18 are still minors under the law, and thus ineligible to enter into
contracts. This is due to the youth's political immaturity, which was also supported by other studies.
On the other hand, in an observation initiated by Balane (2015), he pinpointed that everywhere in the country,
young people are making the world a better place, making their voices heard for gender equality, poor urban
development, sustainable environment, and other relevant issues. He also added that the youth are getting more
creative in pushing for important reforms in the government by doing art protests. Incorporating the judgment of
Commonwealth (2015) highlighted the fact that young people are empowered when they have or can create choices
Received: 4 June 2023 72
Revised: 22 June 2023
Final Accepted 4 July 2023
Copyright Ó authors 2023 DOI: h5ps://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8118758
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(IJR) Vol. 10 Issue 07
July 2023

in life, are aware of the implications of those choices, make an informed decision freely, take action based on that
decision and accept responsibility for the consequences of those actions.
Finally, under the UNRC (2011), it encompasses a message that Youths have the right to express their views
and to give their opinions. It is undeniably true that the youth have a vital role in nation-building and establishing a
future that is progressive and neutral.

Sangguniang Kabataan (SK)

The performance of a Sangguniang Kabataan is perceived to have an important role in nation-building. This
is an engagement overruled by the State to provide the youth inclusivity in good governance. Before the history of the
devolution of power, during the presidency of late President Ferdinand E. Marcos, the Kabataang Barangay (KB) was
created. The aim of the creation and operation of the organization is to encourage youths in rural areas to participate
in real governance. In an article written by Buenaventura, he added that the KB was formed to counter the growing
influence of the Kabataang Makabayan, a left-leaning youth movement that fought the government during Marcos'
presidency as well as the growing number of young activists who went underground. On the other hand, it was
abolished years after the late President Corazon C. Aquino became the president of the Philippines. In place of the
Kabataang Barangay, it was created and re-established through the Local Government Code of 1991 paired with a
new change which is the Sangguniang Kabataan concept. More so, Sangguniang Kabataan councils are elected by the
members of the Katipunan ng Kabataan in elections conducted by the Commission on Elections (COMELEC).
Republic Act No. 10742 makes the effectivity on promotion of Youth Participation possible and effective. This
validates the idea of
In the testimony of Gorospe (2018) in his article entitled, "Moral Challenges of SK election," he pinpointed
that if the requirements for aspiring youth politicians would be measured by their skills in leadership and management,
their constituencies would, at the very least, have lesser headaches in choosing the best among the worst. Likewise,
he added that for so many years, it had been made evident that government officials lack intelligence, or if not,
principles. Up to now, there have been no initiatives to reevaluate our legal criteria for public servants.
According to Vivas (2015) that there was a general observation that the Sangguniang Kabataan, under its
current structure, had lost its effectiveness in advancing the democratic ideals in service-oriented youth leadership.
The community had already observed that the young leaders duly elected are being inefficient in their own respective
offices. On the other hand, the ineffectiveness of the performance of the Sangguniang Kabataan may be just a lack of
engagement that was due to a lack of trust between youth and adult community members, in the government (Winkler
n.d.). Nevertheless, Arnold (2008), pinpointed those evaluations of existing programs and showed that the most
successful ones began with youth that was outstanding and motivated to be active, who were then trained and given
access to existing research and best practices, and culminated with Youth- Adult integration. The claim of Arnold was
supported by Zeldin (2012) by exemplifying that intergenerational partnership is often key in enabling youth to be
successful because youth often lack all the requisite skills and know-how to carry out activities and programs.
Moreover, the National Youth Commission or NYC (2015) predetermined that the Sangguniang Kabataan has an
inherently limited role as "the sole policy-making coordinating body of all youth-related institution, programs, projects
and activities of the government."
Despite the controversies that questioned the performance of Sangguniang Kabataan, the CDO Youth
Development Council (2014) supported the fact that the Sangguniang Kabataan played a huge impact on young people
in making local governments effective, and it is felt across the nation and spreading to more cities, shattering away
old political chains like elitism, patronage, and cynicism. As a result, there is an increased likelihood of obtaining
proper skills, personality, and character which are crucial variables for fostering good leadership. One important
quality of the youth, when they select their leaders, is that they look for competency, goal setting, a generation of new
ideas, and examines the relationship between age and personality traits (Edwards, 1994; Kress, 2006). Likewise, the
Sangguniang Kabataan ultimately leads the youth to a democratic, effective, self-reliant, progressive, and most of all
god abiding and morally upright sector in Philippine society (Katipunan ng Mga Kabataan & Sangguniang Kabataan
Federation, 2001).

Powers and Functions of Sangguniang Kabataan

After being dormant for roughly five years, the Sangguniang Kabataan (SK), or youth council has not only
returned but also been reformed through Republic Act Number 10742. It is clear under Rule 2, Section 3, of the
Republic Act No. 10742 the powers and functions of Sangguniang Kabataan. In relation, these powers and functions
Received: 4 June 2023 73
Revised: 22 June 2023
Final Accepted 4 July 2023
Copyright Ó authors 2023 DOI: h5ps://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8118758
 e-ISSN: 2348-6848
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(IJR) Vol. 10 Issue 07
July 2023

are promulgate resolutions necessary to carry out the objectives of the youth in the barangay, in accordance with
applicable provisions of the Code; Initiate programs designed to enhance the social, political, economic, cultural, and
intellectual, moral, spiritual and physical development of the mem bets; Hold fundraising activities, the proceeds of
which shall be tax-exempt and shall accrue to the Sangguniang Kabataan general fund; Create such bodies or
committees necessary to effectively carry out its programs and activities; Submit annual end-of-term reports to the
Sangguniang Barangay on their projects and activities; Consult and coordinate with all youth organizations in the
barangay for policy formulation and program implementation; Coordinate with the Presidential Council fur Youths
(PCYA) and other National Government Agencies (NGA) concerned fur the implementation of youth development
projects and programs at the national level; and Exercise such other powers and perform such other duties and
functions as the Sangguniang Barangay may determine or delegate or as may be prescribed by law or ordinance.
In the study by Peregrino (2014) entitled "Sangguniang Kabataan: Showground for Youth Participation in the
Case of Malabon City," the findings and results of SK Leaders' performance in the conduct of their powers and
functions were given a grade of 3.50, which toils between neutral judgments to being effective. In the same study,
ratings of the Projects conducted by the SK in the selected Barangays, the respondents gave an average grade of
2.9411, which corresponds to a neutral verdict. Likewise, according to Cuenco and Aranas (2016), the inhabitants of
Anahawan, Southern Leyte, were quite satisfied with the SK's legislative performance (3.62 rating on a scale of 1 to
4). One notable study was pioneered by Caldo (2015) who dared to link good governance to the competency, of the
Barangay officials and the Sangguniang Barangay to which the Sangguniang Kabataan belongs. He assessed the
competency measures of the said officials and the findings revealed that the Punong Barangay and Sangguniang
barangay members have strong confidence that they are competent in performing their duties and functions; but this
goes in contradiction to the response of the selected participants who are residents in the locality, who said that they
are uncertain to the performance of their barangay officials and Sangguniang Barangay wherein Sangguniang
Kabataan is included. Moreover, a study was conducted and initiated by the United Nations Children Economic Fund
- Manila and the Department of Interior and Local Government to study the status, impacts, and accomplishments of
the SK. The study reveals that though the SK has both positive and negative images on its official, its function was
not practiced to its fullest. SK is weak, particularly in legislation, reports, and consultation with its constituents
(UNICEF, 2007; DILG, 2007). Accordingly, in the study conducted by Concepcion, Tancinco (2016) entitled "The
Youth Leaders and Their Contributions to The Selected Barangays in The Municipality of Naval, Biliran, Philippines,"
the results of the performance of Sangguniang Kabataan in connection to their mandated Powers and functions, they
concluded that there were more projects of youth leaders (SK Officials) were implemented than the programs and
related youth activities. Dumbrique (2014) also discovered that Vigan City's SK received a high rating in terms of
duty completion by their citizens and barangay Chairman in local governance and community development, and their
responsibilities and impact.
On the other hand, the Youth Attributes, Participation, and Service Providers (YAPS) study NYC conducted
in 2004 asserts that the youth believe that the SK should create role models for them and organize sports and youth
activities. With it, the 2001 Katipunan ng Kabataan and Sangguniang Kabataan Constitutions and By-Laws state that
they will assume a role in national development and governance and as an active supporter and participating partner
of the government in formulating programs.

Katipunan ng Kabataan (Youth)

According to Article II, Section 13 of the 1987 Constitution, “The State recognizes the vital role of the youth
in nation-building and shall promote and protect their physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual and social well-being. It
shall inculcate in the youth patriotism nationalism, and encourage their involvement in public and civic affairs.” In
pursuit of the constitution, Katipunan ng Kabataan (KK) was created through the Local Government Code of 1991
(Republic Act 7160) which provides an opportunity for young people to directly participate in local governance. In
the Katipunan ng Kabataan, active participation is a question for the local authorities.
In accordance to Labajo, Dublin, and Soriano (2020) in their qualitative analysis entitled, "A Qualitative Synthesis of
Children's Narratives from Consultations on Civic Participation and Governance," exemplify that during the pandemic
crisis, children can access information about COVID-19 and, albeit a lesser extent, public announcements provided
by their barangays and LGUs. In addition, Lagbas (2015), highlighted that the strategic plan for economic development
must be deliberated and participated creatively by the leadership of the youth. As supported by UNRC (2011), it
revealed that the youth have the right to express their views and give their opinions. In the Philippine setting, to make
the role of the youth more centralized and focused, the word "youth" was exemplified as those persons whose ages
Received: 4 June 2023 74
Revised: 22 June 2023
Final Accepted 4 July 2023
Copyright Ó authors 2023 DOI: h5ps://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8118758
 e-ISSN: 2348-6848
International Journal of Research p-ISSN: 2348-795X
(IJR) Vol. 10 Issue 07
July 2023

range from fifteen (15) to thirty (30) years old as defined and stipulated in the Republic Act No. 8044 and also
highlighted on Section 3 of the Rules and Regulations Implementing Republic Act No. 10742. The programmed age
disaggregation of the youth is accordingly subdivided into three parts: 15-17 (child youth), 18-24 (core youth), and
25-30 (adult youth).

Synthesis of the Review. The statements and relevant ideas gathered from the readings were related to the
study. The review of related literature gave the researchers important and relevant information and ideas that provided
beneficial insights and implications on the Perceptions of the Performance of Sangguniang Kabataan as mandated by
a ruling law. As shown in the readings above, the comparison and contrast of ideas were systematically emphasized
in line with the course on which the study was focused. The information that the researchers explored in their research
was the Perception of the Performance of Sangguniang Kabataan as mandated by the Powers and Functions under
Republic Act 10742. The main objective of the study was to assess the perception of the performance of the
Sangguniang Kabataan of Adlay. Secondarily, this study targeted to determine the significant difference in the results
of the assessed perceptions of the performance of Sangguniang Kabataan Official, and the significant difference in the
assessment of the perception of the performance of Sangguniang Kabataan when grouped according to participants'
profiles: age, sex, and highest educational attainment.

2. METHODS
This study made use of a descriptive-evaluative research design utilizing a survey assessment tool. The
descriptive design would describe the evaluation of the Katipunan ng Kabataan in line with the Sangguniang
Kabataaan's powers and functions. According to Ary, "Descriptive research studies are designed to obtain the nature
of the situation as it exists at the time of the study. Thus, descriptive research aimed to describe what exists. Likewise,
according to Villanueva (2013) that descriptive-evaluative research design seeks to carefully appraise the worthiness
of a current study. The research design was the most applicable design to anchor for this study because a descriptive
method will observe, describe, and document aspects of a situation as it naturally occurs. Likewise, this study only
needs to evaluate and collect information without the need to manipulate variables like age, sex, and highest
educational attainment from the respondents.
The participants for the study were the Katipunan ng Kabataan (Youth), Sangguniang Kabataan Officials
(SK), and the Barangay Officials of the respective Local Government of Adlay. Accordingly, the selection of the
Katipunan ng Kabataan and Sangguniang Kabataan Officials was based on the legible qualifications anchored on
Republic Act No. 10742. The researchers anchored the questionnaire to Section 8, Chapter 2 of Republic Act No.
10742. In this section, the Powers and Functions of the Sangguniang Kabataan were highlighted and adopted from
Republic Act No. 10742. These paragraphs were used as indicators for the rating-questionnaire style. The researchers
formulated a two-part questionnaire. Part 1 contains the profile of the participants; Part 2 of the questionnaire contains
all about the assessment of the performance of Sangguniang Kabataan. The assessment was analyzed and interpreted
utilizing statistical tools such as Frequency Count and Percentage Distribution, Mean and Standard Deviation, and
Analysis of Variance (ANOVA).

3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Table 1.
Profile of the Participants
Profile Variables

Barangay Officials f (n=10) %

Sex
Male 8 80.00
Female 2 20.00
Highest Educational Attainment
High School Graduate 1 10.00
College Level 6 60.00
College Graduate 3 30.00

Received: 4 June 2023 75

Revised: 22 June 2023
Final Accepted 4 July 2023
Copyright Ó authors 2023 DOI: h5ps://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8118758
 e-ISSN: 2348-6848
International Journal of Research p-ISSN: 2348-795X
(IJR) Vol. 10 Issue 07
July 2023

f (n=5) %
SK Officials
Age
18-24 years old 5 100.00
Sex
Male 3 60.00
Female 2 40.00
Highest Educational Attainment
College Level 4 80.00
College Graduate 1 20.00
f (n=102) %
Katipunan ng Kabataan
Age
15-17 years old 22 21.57
18-24 years old 28 27.45
25-30 years old 52 50.98
Sex
Male 62 60.78
Female 40 39.22
Highest Educational Attainment
High School Level 11 10.78
High School Graduate 4 3.92
College Level 70 68.63
College Graduate 17 16.67

Table 1 presents the profile of participants of the Barangay Officials, Sangguniang Kabataan Officials, and
Katipunan ng Kabataan in Barangay Adlay. It was calculated and determined by their age, sex, and highest educational
attainment.
The table provided information in terms of sex. The results showed that out of ten (10) Barangay Officials,
eight (8) or 80% are male participants, and two (2) or 20% are female participants. While, out of five (5) Sangguniang
Kabataan Officials, three (3), or 60% are male participants, and two (2), or 40% are female participants. Moreover,
out of one hundred two (102) Katipunan ng Kabataan, sixty-two (62) or 60.78% are male participants, and forty (40),
or 39.22% are female participants. This means to say that in all three groups of participants, the majority of them are
male. As to age, all five (5) or 100% of the Sangguniang Kabataan Officials are 18-24 years of age. While, out of one
hundred two (102) Katipunan ng Kabataan, fifty-two (52) or 50.98% are 25-30 years old, twenty-eight (28), or 27.45%
are 18-24 years old, and twenty-two (22) or 21.57% are 15-17 years old. It shows that most of the Katipunan ng
Kabataan participants were between 25-30 years old. According to UNESCO, the definition of "youth" as used by a
particular Member State, is based on the definition also given in the African Charter where "youth" means "every
person between the ages of 15 and 35 years." On the other hand, the word "youth" was categorized as those persons
whose ages range from fifteen (15) to thirty (30) years old as defined and stipulated in Republic Act No. 8044 and
also highlighted in Section 3 of the Rules and Regulations Implementing Republic Act No. 10742. The programmed
age disaggregation of the youth is accordingly subdivided into three parts: 15-17 (child youth), 18-24 (core youth),
and 25-30 (adult youth).
As to the highest educational attainment, it can be noticed from the table that out of ten (10) Barangay
Officials, six (6) or 60% are at the College Level, three (3) or 30% are College Graduates, and one (1) or 10% is a
High School Graduate. Meaning, that most of them are at the college level. Meanwhile, out of five (5) Sangguniang
Kabataan, four (4), or 80% are at College Level and one (1) or 20% is a College Graduate. Meaning, that only one
among the participants was able to graduate college. While out of one hundred two (120) Katipunan ng Kabataan,
seventy (70) or 68.63% are at College Level, seventeen (17) or 16.67% are College Graduates, eleven (11) or 10.78%
are in Highschool Level, four (4) or 3.92% are High School Graduates. Meaning, that most of them were at the College
Level. However, among the three groups of participants in terms of Highest Educational Attainment, none was in
Elementary Level and Elementary Graduate. According to the International Standard Classification of Education
(ISCED) 2011, as published by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
Received: 4 June 2023 76
Revised: 22 June 2023
Final Accepted 4 July 2023
Copyright Ó authors 2023 DOI: h5ps://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8118758
 e-ISSN: 2348-6848
International Journal of Research p-ISSN: 2348-795X
(IJR) Vol. 10 Issue 07
July 2023

Institute for Statistics (2012, p. 20, paragraph 81) that "The educational attainment of an individual is defined as the
highest ISCED level completed by the individual. For operational purposes, educational attainment is usually
measured concerning the highest education program completed, which is typically certified by a recognized
qualification."

Table 2. The Assessment of the Performance of Sangguniang Kabataan as Perceived by the Barangay Officials

Indicators M SD VI QD
Powers and Functions of Sangguniang Kabataan (as assessed by the Brgy. Officials)

1. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay, within three months after
winning the position, consults the youth to formulate a three-year plan or project.
2.90 0.88 A VS
(Ang Sangguniang Kabataan Council ng Brgy. Adlay, sa loob ng tatlong buwan
matapos manalo sa posisyon, ay kumunsulta sa kabataan upang bumuo ng isang
tatlong taong plano o proyekto.)

2. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay promulgates Resolutions

necessary to carry out the objectives of the youth in the barangay. (Ang
Sangguniang Kabataan Council ng Brgy. Adlay ay nagsusulong ng mga 3.30 0.48 SA O
Resolusyon na kinakailangan upang maisakatuparan ang mga layunin ng kabataan
sa barangay).

3. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay initiates and implements, in

coordination with any institution or organization in conducting programs, and
projects aimed to promote the general welfare, development and empowerment of
youth. (Ang Sangguniang Kabataan Council ng Brgy. Adlay ay nagsisimula at 3.30 0.48 SA O
nagpapatupad, sa koordinasyon sa anumang institusyon o samahan sa
pagsasagawa ng mga programa, at mga proyekto na naglalayong itaguyod ang
pangkalahatang kapakanan, kaunlaran at pagpapalakas ng kabataan).

4. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay holds fund-raising activities.

(Ang sangguniang kabataan council ng brgy. Adlay ay nagsasagawa ng mga 3.60 0.52 SA O
aktibidad sa pangangalap ng pondo).

5. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay creates committees necessary

to effectively carry out its programs and activities. (Ang Sangguniang Kabataan
3.40 0.52 SA O
Council ng Brgy. Adlay ay lumilikha ng mga komite na kinakailangan upang
mabisang maisagawa ang mga programa at aktibidad nito).

6. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay submits the annual and end-of-
term program accomplishments and financial reports to the Sangguniang Barangay
(Ang Sangguniang Kabataan Council ng Brgy. Adlay ay isinasumite ang taunang at 2.90 0.88 A VS
pagtatapos ng mga tagumpay sa programa at mga ulat sa pananalapi sa
Sangguniang Barangay).
7. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay partners with the Local Youth
Development Council (LYDC) in planning projects and programs of specific
advocacies like good governance, climate change adaptation, disaster risk reduction
3.50 0.53 SA O
and resiliency, youth employment and livelihood, health and anti-drug abuse,
gender sensitivity, and sports development. (Ang Sangguniang Kabataan Council
ng Brgy. Adlay ay kasosyo ang Local Youth Development Council (LYDC) sa
Received: 4 June 2023 77
Revised: 22 June 2023
Final Accepted 4 July 2023
Copyright Ó authors 2023 DOI: h5ps://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8118758
 e-ISSN: 2348-6848
International Journal of Research p-ISSN: 2348-795X
(IJR) Vol. 10 Issue 07
July 2023

pagpaplano ng mga proyekto at programa ng mga tiyak na adbokasiya tulad ng

mabuting pamamahala, pagbagay sa pagbabago ng klima, pagbawas sa peligro ng
kalamidad at katatagan, pagtatrabaho at kabuhayan ng kabataan, pang-aabuso sa
kalusugan at laban sa droga, pagkasensitibo ng kasarian, at palakasan kaunlaran).
8. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay conducts youth profiling,
establish, maintain and update a database of youth in the barangay. (Ang
Sangguniang Kabataan Council ng Brgy. Adlay ay nagsasagawa ng profiling ng 2.70 0.95 A VS
kabataan, nagtatatag, nagpapanatili at nag-a-update ng isang database ng
kabataan sa barangay).
9. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay assists in the establishment and
registration of youth organizations and youth serving organizations in the barangay.
(Ang Sangguniang Kabataan Council ng Brgy. Adlay ay tumutulong sa pagtatatag 3.00 0.47 A VS
at pagpaparehistro ng mga samahan ng kabataan at mga organisasyong nagsisilbi
ng kabataan sa barangay).
10. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay adopts and implements a policy
on full public disclosure of all its transactions and documents involving public
interest. (Ang Sangguniang Kabataan Council ng Brgy. Adlay ay pinagtibay at 2.70 0.82 A VS
ipinatutupad ang isang patakaran sa buong pagsisiwalat sa publiko ng lahat ng
mga transaksyon at dokumento na kinasasangkutan ng interes ng publiko).
Average: 3.13 0.65 A VS

Legend: M- Mean, SD- Standard Deviation, VI- Verbal Interpretation, QD- Qualitative Description

Table 2 presents the assessment of the performance of the Sangguniang Kabataan as perceived by the
Barangay Officials. On Indicator 4, "The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay holds fund-raising activities"
obtained the highest mean (M= 3.60) and the standard deviation of (SD=0.54) with the verbal interpretation of
Strongly Agree with a qualitative description of Outstanding. This only shows that the Barangay Officials, as superior
officials of the Sangguniang Kabataan, were aware of and commended the activities like fun-raisings administered by
the Sangguniang Kabataan Officials. The result goes contradictory to the interpretation of Conception, Tancinco
(2016),concluded in their study that there were more projects administered by the Sangguniang Kabataan of Naval,
Biliran than compared implementing programs and youth activities.
On the other hand, as shown from the table that both Indicators 8 and 10, "The Sangguniang Kabataan
Council of Brgy. Adlay conducts youth profiling, establish, maintain and update a database of youth in the barangay,"
and, "The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay adopts and implements a policy on full public disclosure of
all its transactions and documents involving public interest," both scored the lowest mean (M=2.70) with verbal
interpretation as Agree and qualitative description of Very Satisfactory. This reveals that though the Sangguniang
Kabataan Officials obtained a Very Satisfactory in both indicators, still, the Brgy. Officials perceived that these
indicators need more improvement as to youth profiling, establishing and maintaining the youth database, as well as
the implementation of public disclosure of all transactions. In the study conducted by the United Nations Children
Economic Fund- Manila and the DILG, they revealed that the Sangguniang Kabataan Officials were perceived in both
positive and negative images wherein its function was not practiced to the fullest. Thus, the Sangguniang Kabataan
was seen as weak in reports, legislation, and consultation.

Table 3. The Assessment of the Performance of Sangguniang Kabataan as Perceived by the Sangguniang Kabataan
Officials
Indicators M SD VI QD

Powers and Functions of Sangguniang Kabataan (as assessed by the SK Officials)

1.The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay, within three months after winning the position, consults
the youth to formulate a three-year plan or project. (Ang Sangguniang Kabataan Council ng Brgy. Adlay, sa
3.60 0.55 SA O
loob ng tatlong buwan matapos manalo sa posisyon, ay kumunsulta sa kabataan upang bumuo ng isang tatlong
taong plano o proyekto.)
2. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay promulgates Resolutions necessary to carry out the
objectives of the youth in the barangay. (Ang Sangguniang Kabataan Council ng Brgy. Adlay ay nagsusulong 3.40 0.55 SA O
ng mga Resolusyon na kinakailangan upang maisakatuparan ang mga layunin ng kabataan sa barangay).

Received: 4 June 2023 78

Revised: 22 June 2023
Final Accepted 4 July 2023
Copyright Ó authors 2023 DOI: h5ps://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8118758
 e-ISSN: 2348-6848
International Journal of Research p-ISSN: 2348-795X
(IJR) Vol. 10 Issue 07
July 2023

3.The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay initiates and implements, in coordination with any
institution or organization in conducting programs, and projects aimed to promote the general welfare,
development and empowerment of youth. (Ang Sangguniang Kabataan Council ng Brgy. Adlay ay nagsisimula
3.40 0.55 SA O
at nagpapatupad, sa koordinasyon sa anumang institusyon o samahan sa pagsasagawa ng mga programa, at
mga proyekto na naglalayong itaguyod ang pangkalahatang kapakanan, kaunlaran at pagpapalakas ng
kabataan)
4. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay holds fund-raising activities. (Ang sangguniang
2.40 0.55 D S
kabataan council ng brgy. nagsasagawa ng mga aktibidad sa pangangalap ng pondo si adlay).
5. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay creates committees necessary to effectively carry out
its programs and activities. (Ang Sangguniang Kabataan Council ng Brgy. Adlay ay lumilikha ng mga komite 2.20 0.84 D S
na kinakailangan upang mabisang maisagawa ang mga programa at aktibidad nito).
6. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay submits the annual and end-of-term program
accomplishments and financial reports to the Sangguniang Barangay and present the same during the KK
assembly (Ang Sangguniang Kabataan Council ng Brgy. Adlay ay isinasumite ang taunang at pagtatapos ng 3.00 0.00 A VS
mga tagumpay sa programa at mga ulat sa pananalapi sa Sangguniang Barangay at nagpapakita ng pareho sa
pagpupulong ng KK).
7. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay partners with the Local Youth Development Council
(LYDC) in planning projects and programs of specific advocacies like good governance, climate change
adaptation, disaster risk reduction and resiliency, youth employment and livelihood, health and anti-drug
abuse, gender sensitivity, and sports development. (Ang Sangguniang Kabataan Council ng Brgy. Adlay ay
3.00 0.00 A VS
kasosyo ang Local Youth Development Council (LYDC) sa pagpaplano ng mga proyekto at programa ng mga
tiyak na adbokasiya tulad ng mabuting pamamahala, pagbagay sa pagbabago ng klima, pagbawas sa peligro
ng kalamidad at katatagan, pagtatrabaho at kabuhayan ng kabataan, pang-aabuso sa kalusugan at laban sa
droga, pagkasensitibo ng kasarian, at palakasan kaunlaran).
8. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay conducts youth profiling, establish, maintain and
update a database of youth in the barangay. (Ang Sangguniang Kabataan Council ng Brgy. Adlay ay
3.40 0.55 SA O
nagsasagawa ng profiling ng kabataan, nagtatatag, nagpapanatili at nag-a-update ng isang database ng kabataan
sa barangay).
9. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay assists in the establishment and registration of youth
organizations and youth serving organizations in the barangay. (Ang Sangguniang Kabataan Council ng Brgy.
3.20 0.45 A VS
Adlay ay tumutulong sa pagtatatag at pagpaparehistro ng mga samahan ng kabataan at mga organisasyong
nagsisilbi ng kabataan sa barangay).
10. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay adopts and implements a policy on full public
disclosure of all its transactions and documents involving public interest. (Ang Sangguniang Kabataan Council
3.00 1.00 A VS
ng Brgy. Adlay ay pinagtibay at ipinatutupad ang isang patakaran sa buong pagsisiwalat sa publiko ng lahat
ng mga transaksyon at dokumento na kinasasangkutan ng interes ng publiko).
Average: 3.06 0.52 A VS
Legend: M- Mean, SD- Standard Deviation, VI- Verbal Interpretation, QD- Qualitative Description

Table 3 presents the assessment of the performance of the Sangguniang Kabataan as perceived by the
Sangguniang Kabataan themselves. Accordingly, it can be observed that Indicator 1, “The Sangguniang Kabataan
Council of Brgy. Adlay, within three months after winning the position, consults the youth to formulate a three-year
plan or project,” and got the highest mean (M=3.60) with the verbal interpretation of Strongly Agree and qualitative
description of Outstanding. The results revealed that the Sangguniang Kabataan themselves prioritized the
consultation with the Katipunan ng Kabataan in formulating a three-year plan or project. Concerning it, the Katipunan
ng Kabataan and Sangguniang Kabataan Constitutions and By-Laws (2001) stated that the Sangguniang Kabataan
should participate in and formulate programs and projects. In addition, in the study of Conception, Tancinco (2016),
concluded that there were more projects formulated by youth leaders of the Municipality of Naval, Biliran.
On the contrary, as indicated in Table 3, Indicator 5, “The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay
creates committees necessary to effectively carry out its programs and activities” got the lowest mean (M=2.20) with
a verbal interpretation of Disagree and qualitative description of Satisfactory. This only means that the Sangguniang
Kabataan Officials were creating committees to effectively execute programs and activities. Yet, they are aware that
it is not very satisfactory. Following the claims of Zeldin (2012), he asserted that youth often lack all the requisite
skills and how to carry out activities and programs.

Table 4. The Assessment of the Performance of Sangguniang Kabataan as Perceived by the Katipunan ng Kabataan
Indicators
M SD VI QD
Powers and Functions of Sangguniang Kabataan (as perceived by the Katipunan ng
Kabataan)
Received: 4 June 2023 79
Revised: 22 June 2023
Final Accepted 4 July 2023
Copyright Ó authors 2023 DOI: h5ps://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8118758
 e-ISSN: 2348-6848
International Journal of Research p-ISSN: 2348-795X
(IJR) Vol. 10 Issue 07
July 2023

1. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay, within three months after winning the
position, consults the youth to formulate a three-year plan or project. (Ang Sangguniang
2.83 0.63 A VS
Kabataan Council ng Brgy. Adlay, sa loob ng tatlong buwan matapos manalo sa posisyon, ay
kumunsulta sa kabataan upang bumuo ng isang tatlong taong plano o proyekto).
2. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay promulgates Resolutions necessary to
carry out the objectives of the youth in the barangay. (Ang Sangguniang Kabataan Council ng
2.80 0.51 A VS
Brgy. Adlay ay nagsusulong ng mga Resolusyon na kinakailangan upang maisakatuparan ang
mga layunin ng kabataan sa barangay).
3. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay initiates and implements, in
coordination with any institution or organization in conducting programs, and projects aimed to
promote the general welfare, development and empowerment of youth. (Ang Sangguniang
2.71 0.64 A VS
Kabataan Council ng Brgy. Adlay ay nagsisimula at nagpapatupad, sa koordinasyon sa anumang
institusyon o samahan sa pagsasagawa ng mga programa, at mga proyekto na naglalayong
itaguyod ang pangkalahatang kapakanan, kaunlaran at pagpapalakas ng kabataan).
4. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay holds fund-raising activities. (Ang
sangguniang kabataan council ng brgy. Adlay ay nagsasagawa ng mga aktibidad sa 2.54 0.64 A VS
pangangalap ng pondo).
5. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay creates committees necessary to
effectively carry out its programs and activities. (Ang Sangguniang Kabataan Council ng Brgy.
2.63 0.67 A VS
Adlay ay lumilikha ng mga komite na kinakailangan upang mabisang maisagawa ang mga
programa at aktibidad nito).
6. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay submits the annual and end-of-term
program accomplishments and financial reports to the Sangguniang Barangay and present the
same during the KK assembly (Ang Sangguniang Kabataan Council ng Brgy. Adlay ay 2.54 0.64 A VS
isinasumite ang taunang at pagtatapos ng mga tagumpay sa programa at mga ulat sa pananalapi
sa Sangguniang Barangay at nagpapakita ng pareho sa pagpupulong ng KK).
7. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay partners with the Local Youth
Development Council (LYDC) in planning projects and programs of specific advocacies like
good governance, climate change adaptation, disaster risk reduction and resiliency, youth
employment and livelihood, health and anti-drug abuse, gender sensitivity, and sports
development. (Ang Sangguniang Kabataan Council ng Brgy. Adlay ay kasosyo ang Local Youth 2.61 0.62 A VS
Development Council (LYDC) sa pagpaplano ng mga proyekto at programa ng mga tiyak na
adbokasiya tulad ng mabuting pamamahala, pagbagay sa pagbabago ng klima, pagbawas sa
peligro ng kalamidad at katatagan, pagtatrabaho at kabuhayan ng kabataan, pang-aabuso sa
kalusugan at laban sa droga, pagkasensitibo ng kasarian, at palakasan kaunlaran).
8. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay conducts youth profiling, establish,
maintain and update a database of youth in the barangay. (Ang Sangguniang Kabataan Council
2.54 0.64 A VS
ng Brgy. Adlay ay nagsasagawa ng profiling ng kabataan, nagtatatag, nagpapanatili at nag-a-
update ng isang database ng kabataan sa barangay).
9. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay assists in the establishment and
registration of youth organizations and youth serving organizations in the barangay. (Ang
2.56 0.59 A VS
Sangguniang Kabataan Council ng Brgy. Adlay ay tumutulong sa pagtatatag at pagpaparehistro
ng mga samahan ng kabataan at mga organisasyong nagsisilbi ng kabataan sa barangay).
10. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay adopts and implements a policy on full
public disclosure of all its transactions and documents involving public interest. (Ang
Sangguniang Kabataan Council ng Brgy. Adlay ay pinagtibay at ipinatutupad ang isang 2.51 0.63 A VS
patakaran sa buong pagsisiwalat sa publiko ng lahat ng mga transaksyon at dokumento na
kinasasangkutan ng interes ng publiko)
Average: 2.60 0.62 A VS
Legend: M- Mean, SD- Standard Deviation, VI- Verbal Interpretation, QD- Qualitative Description

Table 4 presents the assessment of the performance of Sangguniang Kabataan as perceived by the Katipunan
ng Kabataan. As shown from Table Statement 1, "The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy. Adlay, within three
months after winning the position, consults the youth to formulate a three-year plan or project" obtained the highest
mean (M=2.83) and standard deviation (SD=0.63), with a verbal interpretation of Agree and qualitative description of
Often. This goes to say that the Sangguniang Kabataan's consultation and formulation of a three-year plan, within
three months after winning the position for the benefit of the whole Katipunan ng Kabataan was organized well and
often.
According to the study conducted by Malaluan, Baja, Carandang, Vergara, and Tamayo entitled,
“Performance of Sangguniang Kabataan Officials as Mandated by the Local Government Code of 1991 that even
though all were positively assessed, the powers and functions of the Sangguniang Kabataan Officials such as

Received: 4 June 2023 80

Revised: 22 June 2023
Final Accepted 4 July 2023
Copyright Ó authors 2023 DOI: h5ps://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8118758
 e-ISSN: 2348-6848
International Journal of Research p-ISSN: 2348-795X
(IJR) Vol. 10 Issue 07
July 2023

consultation and coordination with all youth organizations in the barangay for policy formulation and program
implementation weighted a mean of 2. 98 with a verbal interpretation of Good.
However, as shown in Table 4, particularly Statement 10, "The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy.
Adlay adopts and implements a policy on full public disclosure of all its transactions and documents involving public
interest," it got the lowest mean (M=2.51) and standard deviation (SD=0.63) with the verbal interpretation of Agree
and qualitative description of Often. Meaning, that the Sangguniang Kabataan, despite garnering the lowest point in
assessment as to the implementation of the policy that holds public disclosure of all transactions and documents, still,
was able to manage the implementation as part of their duties being public servants.
In addition, as cited from the study conducted and initiated by the United Nations Children Economic Fund
- Manila and the Department of Interior and Local Government on the study concerning the status, impacts, and
accomplishments of the SK, it revealed that though the SK has both positive and negative images on its officials, its
function was not being practiced to its fullest. SK is weak, particularly in legislation, reports, consultation with its
constituents, and public disclosure of transactions (UNICEF, 2007; DILG, 2007). According to Concepcion &
Tancinco (2016) in the study entitled, "The Youth Leaders and Their Contributions to the Selected Barangays in the
Municipality of Naval, Biliran, Philippines," the results of the performance of Sangguniang Kabataan in connection
to their mandated Powers and functions concluded that there were more projects of youth leaders (SK Officials) which
were implemented than the programs and related youth activities.

Table 5. Significant Variance on the Results of the Assessment in the Performance of Sanguniang Kabataan as
Perceived by the Three Groups of Participants

Responses of the Responses of the Responses of the

Barangay Officials Sangguniang Kabataan Katipunan ng Kabataan
Indicators
Q V
M SD VI M SD VI QD M SD QD
D I
1. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy.
Adlay, within three months after winning the
2.90 0.88 A VS 3.60 0.55 SA O 2.83 0.63 A VS
position, consults the youth to formulate a three-year
plan or project.
2. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy.
Adlay promulgates Resolutions necessary to carry 3.30 0.48 SA O 3.40 0.55 SA O 2.80 0.51 A VS
out the objectives of the youth in the barangay.
3. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy.
Adlay initiates and implements, in coordination with
any institution or organization in conducting 3.30 0.48 SA O 3.40 0.55 SA O 2.71 0.64 A VS
programs, and projects aimed to promote the general
welfare, development, and empowerment of youth.
4. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy.
3.60 0.52 SA O 2.40 0.55 D S 2.54 0.64 A VS
Adlay holds fund-raising activities.
5. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy.
Adlay creates committees necessary to effectively 3.40 0.52 SA O 2.20 0.84 D S 2.63 0.67 A VS
carry out its programs and activities.
6. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy.
Adlay submits the annual and end-of-term program
accomplishments and financial reports to the 2.90 0.88 A VS 3.00 0.00 A VS 2.54 0.62 A VS
Sangguniang Barangay and presents the same during
the KK assembly.
7. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy.
Adlay partners with the Local Youth Development
Council (LYDC) in planning projects and programs
of specific advocacies like good governance, climate
3.50 0.53 SA O 3.00 0.00 A VS 2.61 0.62 A VS
change adaptation, disaster risk reduction and
resiliency, youth employment and livelihood, health
and anti-drug abuse, gender sensitivity, and sports
development.
8. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy.
Adlay conducts youth profiling, and establishes,
2.70 0.95 A VS 3.40 0.55 SA O 2.54 0.64 A VS
maintains, and updates a database of youth in the
barangay.

Received: 4 June 2023 81

Revised: 22 June 2023
Final Accepted 4 July 2023
Copyright Ó authors 2023 DOI: h5ps://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8118758
 e-ISSN: 2348-6848
International Journal of Research p-ISSN: 2348-795X
(IJR) Vol. 10 Issue 07
July 2023

9. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy.

Adlay assists in the establishment and registration of
3.00 0.47 A VS 3.20 0.45 A VS 2.56 0.59 A VS
youth organizations and youth-serving organizations
in the barangay.
10. The Sangguniang Kabataan Council of Brgy.
Adlay adopts and implements a policy on full public
2.70 0.82 A VS 3.00 1.00 A VS 2.51 0.63 A VS
disclosure of all its transactions and documents
involving public interest.
Average: 3.13 0.65 A VS 3.06 0.52 A VS 2.60 0.62 A VS
Overall Average: M= 2.93 SD= 0.59 VI=A QD=VS

Legend: M- Mean, SD- Standard Deviation, VI- Verbal Interpretation, QD- Qualitative Description

Table 5 presents the significant variance in the results of the assessment of the performance of Sangguniang
Kabataan as perceived by the three-group of participants. It can be observed that the responses of the Barangay
Officials got the average mean (3.13) with the verbal interpretation of Agree and qualitative description of Very
Satisfactory. While the responses of the Sangguniang Kabataan Officials obtained an average mean (3.06) with the
verbal interpretation of Agree and qualitatively description of Very Satisfactory. Moreover, the responses of the
Katipunan ng Kabataa got the average mean (2.60) with the verbal interpretation of Agree and qualitative description
of Very Satisfactory.
Furthermore, the overall mean as assessed by the three-grouped of participants gained an average mean (2.93)
with the verbal interpretation of Agree and qualitative description of Very Satisfactory. The overall average mean
(3.13) of Brgy. Officials with the verbal interpretation Agree and qualitative description Very Satisfactory obtained
the highest mean among the three. In contrast, the overall average mean (2.60) of the Katipunan ng Kabataan with a
verbal interpretation Agree and qualitatively description Very Satisfactory gained the lowest mean among the three.
This implies that Brgy. Officials were more likely updated and therefore very satisfied with the performance of the
Sangguniang Kabataan Officials as compared to the Katipunan ng Kabataan. For the reason that the Brgy. Officials
and Sangguniang Kabataan Officials are together in one location and establishment. Moreover, the results in the
assessment of the performance of Sangguniang Kabataan as perceived by the three-group of participants got the same
very satisfactory rating in all the ten indicators presented.
According to a study by Cuenco and Aranas (2016), the results revealed that the community of Anawan,
Southern Leyte, they were quite satisfied with the Sangguniang Kabataan’s legislative performance. Moreover, in the
study of Peregrino (2014), the findings and results of Sangguniang Kabataan Leader’s performance in the conduct of
their powers and functions were given a grade of 3.50 which falls into neutral judgments of being effective.

Table 6.

Significant Variance on the Assessment of the Performance of Sangguniang Kabataan as Perceived by the Three-
group of Participants.

Source of
SS df MS F P-value Decision
Variation
Powers and
Functions 3.26 2 1.63 11.55 2.72E-05 Reject Ho
(three groups)

Table 6 presents the significant difference in the assessments of the performance of the Sangguniang
Kabataan as perceived by the three-group of participants. The table above shows that there is a significant difference
in the assessments of the performance of the Sangguniang Kabataan as perceived by the three-group of participants.
It can be observed that there is no sufficient basis to accept the null hypothesis. It implies that the decision on the null
hypothesis should be rejected because it obtained lower than 0.05. This explains that the significant variance in the
assessment was the cause of a lack of engagement and proper communication between the participants in the
community.
Received: 4 June 2023 82
Revised: 22 June 2023
Final Accepted 4 July 2023
Copyright Ó authors 2023 DOI: h5ps://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8118758
 e-ISSN: 2348-6848
International Journal of Research p-ISSN: 2348-795X
(IJR) Vol. 10 Issue 07
July 2023

Accordingly, the lack of engagement was due to a lack of trust between youth and adult community members,
in the government (Winkler n.d.). Ineffective communication has been cited as the greatest barrier to effective youth-
adult relationships in community engagement (Handy, Rodgers, and Schwieterman 2011). Nevertheless, according to
Arnold (2008), those evaluations of existing programs showed that the most successful ones began with youth that
was outstanding and motivated to be active, who were then trained and given access to existing research and best
practices and culminated with Youth- Adult integration. The claim of Arnold was supported by Zeldin (2012) as he
exemplified that intergenerational partnership is often key in enabling youth to be successful because youth often lack
all the requisite skills and know-how to carry out activities and programs

Table 7. Significant Variance on the Assessment of the Performance of Sangguaniang Kabataan when grouped
according to their Profile Variables as perceived by the Barangay Officials

Profile Dependent SS df MS F p-value Decision

Sex 0.03 1 0.03 0.08 0.7791 Accept
Power and
Highest Educational Functions 0.40 2 0.20 0.70 0.5283 Accept
Attainment

Table 7 presents the significant variance in the assessment of the performance of the Sangguniang Kabataan
when grouped according to their profile variables as perceived by the Barangay Officials. The table above shows that
there is no significant difference in the assessment of the performance of the Sangguniang Kabataan when grouped
according to their sex and highest educational attainment as perceived by Barangay Officials. There was a sufficient
basis to accept the null hypothesis as the p-values obtained were higher than 0.05. Thus, age and the highest
educational attainment were not factors in their perceptions concerning the performance of the Sangguniang Kabataan
as perceived by the Barangay Officials in Barangay Adlay.
In line with this, in the study pioneered by Butch, Mahinay (2013) entitled “Multi-Sector Perceptions on
Good Governance and Performance of Sangguniang Kabataan (SK) in Brgy. Tablon, Cagayan de Oro City” where
there are 8 Barangay Officials included as participants in the study, they generally concluded that there was no
significant difference on the subscales and profile as to the assessment on the Sangguniang Kabataan in Brgy. Tablon
regarding good governance and performance. The exclusion of this context in the study made the profile variables of
Barangay Officials nonsignificant in these types of studies.

Table 8.
Significant Variance on the Assessment of the Perceptions on the Performance of the Sangguaniang Kabataan as
Perceived by the Sangguniang Kabataan Officials when grouped according to their Profile Variables
p-
Profile Dependent SS Df MS F value Decision

Sex .005 1 .005 .191 .691 Accept

Power and
Highest Educational Functions
.065 1 .065 12.741 .038 Reject Ho
Attainment

Table 8 presents the significant variance in the assessment of the performance of the Sangguniang Kabataan
as perceived by themselves when grouped according to their profile variables. The table above shows that there is no
significant difference in the sex of the participants. There is no sufficient basis to accept the null hypothesis. Thus, sex
was not a factor in their perceptions concerning their performance as the Sangguniang Kabataan. However, the result
shows that there was a significant variance in the assessment of the Sangguniang Kabataan when grouped according
to their highest educational attainment. With the p-value: of .038, it can be gleaned from the data that there is no

Received: 4 June 2023 83

Revised: 22 June 2023
Final Accepted 4 July 2023
Copyright Ó authors 2023 DOI: h5ps://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8118758
 e-ISSN: 2348-6848
International Journal of Research p-ISSN: 2348-795X
(IJR) Vol. 10 Issue 07
July 2023

sufficient basis to accept the null hypothesis. Thus, the highest educational attainment could be a factor in their
perceptions concerning their performance as Sangguniang Kabataan in Brgy. Adlay.
In a relevant study by Tupas (2010) entitled “Level of Knowledge on the provisions of RA 7160 Sec. 431
and Level of Performance of SK Chairpersons in the Fifth Congressional District of Iloilo”, he proved that there was
no significant difference in the level of knowledge and performance of the SK Chairpersons in the provisions when
grouped according to profile. In a project-based study pioneered by Lobato, Andreu, Cerillo, Garcia, Maldonaldo,
Gatell, Jauset, Gallardo, and Asenjo (2010), they concluded that sex has no significant difference in the leadership
performance of 4th-year students of PMP. Likewise, in the study conducted by Sacro, and Ariate (2020) entitled “The
Leadership Styles of Sangguniang Kabataan (SK) Chairmen in Surigao City”, they concluded that there was no
significant difference in the determination of the three leadership styles when grouped according to profile.
In contrast, according to the article by Marx (2007) entitled "Effects of Gender, Education, and Age upon
Leaders' Use of Influence Tactics and Full Range Leadership Behaviors," significant differences were found among
educational level groups for individualized consideration; those leaders who had earned an advanced degree exhibited
the highest rating level in their performance. In addition, there were fewer than two groups (Age) for the dependent
variable which resulted in no computed statistics.

Table 9.
Significant Variance on the Assessment of the Performance of the Sangguaniang Kabataan when grouped according
to their Profile Variables as perceived by the Katipunan ng Kabataan

Profile Dependent SS df MS F p-value Decision

Age 1.28 2 0.64 2.12 0.1249 Accept

Power and
Sex 0.44 1 0.44 1.44 0.2324 Accept
Functions
Highest Educational
0.17 3 0.06 0.18 0.9101 Accept
Attainment

Table 9 presents the significant variance in the assessment of the performance of the Sangguniang Kabataan
when grouped according to their profile variables as perceived by the Katipunan ng Kabataan. The results revealed
that there is no significant variance in the perceptions of the performance of the Sangguniang Kabataan when grouped
according to their age, sex, and highest educational attainment. With the p-value results: 0. 1249, 0.2324, and 0.9101,
the null hypothesis is not rejected. This means to say that the profile variables on age, sex, and highest educational
attainment did not have effects on the perception concerning the performance of the Sangguniang Kabataan as
perceived by the Katipunan ng Kabataan in Barangay Adlay. In the study conducted by Malaluan, Baja, Carandang,
and Vergara entitled “Performance of Sangguniang Kabataan Officials as Mandated by the Local Government Code
of 1991” where there are 200 participants mostly composed of students or youth, they found out that there was no
significant difference on the perception regarding the abolition of SK and its performance when grouped according to
profile variables.

4. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

The study's findings led to the following conclusions: The perceived overall performance of the Sangguniang
Kabataan, as assessed by the three participant groups, received an average mean rating of 2.93, indicating agreement
and qualitative assessment as "Very Satisfactory." Among the participants, Barangay Officials obtained the highest
average mean of 3.13, also rated as agreement and qualitatively described as "Very Satisfactory." Conversely, the
Katipunan ng Kabataan had the lowest average mean of 2.60, still rated as agreement and qualitatively described as
"Very Satisfactory." Additionally, a significant variance was observed in the perception of the Sangguniang Kabataan's
performance among the three participant groups, which could be attributed to a lack of community engagement and
effective communication. Notably, factors such as age, sex, and highest educational attainment were found to not
influence the perception of the Sangguniang Kabataan's performance. Consequently, the assessment of the
Sangguniang Kabataan's performance varied when participants were grouped based on their highest educational
attainment.
Received: 4 June 2023 84
Revised: 22 June 2023
Final Accepted 4 July 2023
Copyright Ó authors 2023 DOI: h5ps://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8118758
 e-ISSN: 2348-6848
International Journal of Research p-ISSN: 2348-795X
(IJR) Vol. 10 Issue 07
July 2023

Based on the study's conclusion, several recommendations were proposed. Firstly, the Department of Interior
and Local Government (DILG) should continue to host leadership activities, training, seminars, and information drives
for Sangguniang Kabataan Officials to enhance their understanding and application of the mandated powers and
functions outlined in the Sangguniang Kabataan Reform Act of 2015. Secondly, the Barangay Officials of Barangay
Adlay should continue to provide guidance and supervision to the Sangguniang Kabataan Officials, acting as their
superiors, to ensure the proper execution of their duties and encourage their active involvement in local affairs.
Additionally, the Local Government Unit (LGU) should continue to organize meetings for consultations, problem-
solving, and updates specifically addressing the concerns of the Sangguniang Kabataan Officials. Furthermore, the
Sangguniang Kabataan Officials of Barangay Adlay should prioritize the implementation of the powers and functions
outlined in the Sangguniang Kabataan Reform Act of 2015, with a focus on promoting transparency, public disclosure
of transactions, and effective dissemination of information to constituents. It is recommended that the Sangguniang
Kabataan maintain an updated youth database and profiles, while also establishing committees to efficiently develop
and implement programs. Lastly, the Katipunan ng Kabataan of Barangay Adlay should actively participate in
activities initiated and organized by the Sangguniang Kabataan officials, particularly those related to public disclosure
of transactions and documents relevant to the public interest. This participation aims to enhance awareness and foster
increased engagement among the Katipunan ng Kabataan.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The researchers would like to express their heartfelt gratitude and sincere appreciation to the individuals and
institutions who have contributed to and supported this study. First and foremost, they thank God for His continuous
guidance and blessings throughout the research process. The researchers would like to express their heartfelt gratitude
to their parents, adviser, College of Education, Culture and the Arts teachers, respondents, and Community Relations
Office Staff of CTP-CMC for their unwavering support, guidance, expertise, financial assistance, provision of
necessary equipment, and all those who played a significant role in providing help and support throughout the study.

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Received: 4 June 2023 87

Revised: 22 June 2023
Final Accepted 4 July 2023
Copyright Ó authors 2023 DOI: h5ps://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8118758

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