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Light Microscope

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15 views22 pages

Light Microscope

Uploaded by

heroi14 qw
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Light Microscope

Dr.Hassan Sattar | Dr.Ibrahim Muhammed


2024-2025
Introduction
• A light microscope is a biology lab tool used to magnify
small objects, making them visible to the human eye.

• It uses visible light and a series of lenses to enlarge the


image of tiny specimens like cells, tissues, bacteria, or
small organisms.

• Microscopic magnification varies greatly depending on


the types and number of lenses that make up the
microscope.
History
• Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, a Dutch scientist, was the
first to successfully construct a microscope in the
1600s. His design utilized a single lens and was
capable of magnifying objects up to 200 times.

• Modern light microscopes can achieve magnifications


of up to 1500 times.
Parts of microscope
Mechanical parts: 1.Body tube
Contains mirrors and
prisms that transmit
the image from the
objective to the
ocular lens.

2.Arm

3.Base (Foot)
Parts of microscope
Mechanical parts:

4.Stage
Is a part on which the
object is fixed and it's
adjustable, which
means it can be
changed in the (X,Y)
direction, as well as
up and down

5.Mechanical stage
knobs(stage control):
Consists of 2 knobs, used for the
movement of the stage in the ( X, Y)
direction.
Parts of microscope
Mechanical parts:

6.Focus adjustment knobs:


Consisting of 2 knobs, fine and coarse
adjustment knobs. Used for changing
the distance between the object on one
side and the objective on the other
side.
Parts of microscope
Mechanical parts:

7.Iris diaphragm
control the amount of light entering the
condenser.
Parts of microscope
Mechanical parts:

8.Revolving Nosepiece
It holds the objective lenses and can be
rotated to easily change power

9.Slide holder
Used for fixing the object on the stage.
Parts of microscope
Optical parts:

1. Condenser lens
A lens that condenses the light before
it passes through the specimen to be
more illuminated and brighter.
Parts of microscope
Optical parts:

2. Objective lenses
They magnify the specimen and send it image to
the ocular lens.

There are 2 types of objective lenses:


a- Low power magnification of objective lens:
Magnify the object 4X and 10X.

b- High power magnification of objective lens:


Including the objective that magnifies 40 X, and
the objective that magnifies 100X or oil
immersion lens.
Parts of microscope
Optical parts:

3. Ocular lens (eyepiece)


Magnify the image a second time and
send the final image to the viewer’s

magnification power usually 10X


Parts of microscope
Optical parts:

For your knowledge:

The degree of total magnification is obtained by


multiplying the magnifying power of the objective & ocular
lenses ***
How to use the microscope?
1 Plug in the microscope to electricity and turn on the light source button
How to use the microscope?
2 Use the smallest objective lens
How to use the microscope?
3 Clean the slide properly and put it on the stage
How to use the microscope?
4 Start looking through the ocular lens
How to use the microscope?
5 Move the slide to the correct position by using mechanical stage Knobs
How to use the microscope?
6 Use the coarse focus adjustment knob to clear the image of the object.
How to use the microscope?
7 Magnify the image by changing the objective lenses to the higher one
How to use the microscope?
8 Use the fine focus knob to clear the image
Parts of microscope
Test yourself ?

?
?
?

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