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blackbody-report (1)

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litolubejr01
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Keith Vince G.

Abenojar Remote Sensing

BLACK BODY CURVE

A block body in principle is something that absorbs all the radiation.

Block body is a perfect absorber and perfect emitter.

What is meant by black body?

blackbody, also spelled black body, in physics, a surface that absorbs all radiant energy falling on it. The
term arises because incident visible light will be absorbed rather than reflected, and therefore the
surface will appear black.

What is an example of a blackbody?

Some examples of blackbody radiators that emit visible light or whose radiation is used for other
processes include the electric heaters, incandescent light bulbs, stoves, the sun, the stars, night vision
equipment, burglar alarms, warm-blooded animals, etc.

A piece of metal in a dark room cannot be seen ,why? Because no light is falling on it and none of it is
being reflected and hence we cannot see the piece of metal in the dark room but it doesn’t mean it is
not emitting anything according to kirchhoff's law every object at every instant emits electromagnetic
radiation from its surface so that object is indeed emitting electromagnetic radiation but its not in the
visible region and hence we cannot see that metal piece in the dark room with the naked eyes because
that radiation is in the infrared region to see that piece in the dark room you will need infrared vision,
now suppose we started heating that metal piece with the temperature below, as the temperature
increases the color of the glow changes.

Temperature Color

1200°c Dull red

1500°c Bright red

1700°c Orange
2000°c Bright yellow

5500°c temperature of the Sun

As the temperature increases the color of the glow changes.


You can also experiment blackbody using an incandescent or light bulb.

How?

Answer: if light bulb has no voltage which means 0V= no glow

20V=dull red

30V= bright yellow

Absorb, emit, reflect

The brightest thing we know in the solar system(which is the sun) is the closest thing we know to a
blockbody.

A blackbody is an object that absorbs all of the radiation that it receives (that is, it does not reflect any
light, nor does it allow any light to pass through it and out the other side). The energy that the blackbody
absorbs heats it up, and then it will emit its own radiation. The only parameter that determines how
much light the blackbody gives off, and at what wavelengths, is its temperature. There is no object that is
an ideal blackbody, but many objects (stars included) behave approximately like blackbodies. Other
common examples are the filament in an incandescent light bulb or the burner element on an electric
stove. As you increase the setting on the stove from low to high, you can observe it produce blackbody
radiation; the element will go from nearly black to glowing red hot.

The temperature of an object is a measurement of the amount of random motion (the average speed)
exhibited by the particles that make up the object; the faster the particles move, the higher the
temperature we will measure. If you recall from the very beginning of this lesson, we learned that when
charged particles are accelerated, they create electromagnetic radiation (light). Since some of the
particles within an object are charged, any object with a temperature above absolute zero (0 K or –273
degrees Celsius) will contain moving charged particles, so it will emit light.

A blackbody, which is an “ideal” or “perfect” emitter (that means its emission properties do not vary
based on location or the composition of the object), emits a spectrum of light with the following
properties:

The hotter the blackbody, the more light it gives off at all wavelengths. That is, if you were to compare
two blackbodies, regardless of what wavelength of light you observe, the hotter blackbody will give off
more light than the cooler one.

The spectrum of a blackbody is continuous (it gives off some light at all wavelengths), and it has a peak
at a specific wavelength. The peak of the blackbody curve in a spectrum moves to shorter wavelengths
for hotter objects. If you think in terms of visible light, the hotter the blackbody, the bluer the
wavelength of its peak emission. For example, the sun has a temperature of approximately 5800 Kelvin.
A blackbody with this temperature has its peak at approximately 500 nanometers, which is the
wavelength of the color yellow. A blackbody that is twice as hot as the sun (about 12000 K) would have
the peak of its spectrum occur at about 250 nanometers, which is in the UV part of the spectrum.
Here is a two-dimensional plot of the spectrum of a blackbody with different temperatures:

1°C + 273.15 = 274.15K (Degrees Celsius to Kelvin)

K − 273.15 = °C (Kelvin to degrees Celsius)

Figure 3.5: Two-dimensional plot of the spectrum of a blackbody with different temperatures, please
note: the color of the curves on the plot is not meant to be indicative of the color of the object emitting
that light.

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