njd;fhrp khtl;lg; nghJj;Njh;Tfs;- miuahz;Lg; nghJj;Njh;T- brk;gh;-2024

gj;jhk; tFg;G – mwptpay; Njhuha tpilf;Fwpg;G (ghh;itf;F kl;Lk;) SPK HSS

tpdh tpilfs; kjpg;

vz; ngz;
1 m) 6.674x10-11Nm2kg-2 1
2 ,) kpd; Mw;wy; 1
3 <) 0.02752kP 1
4 m) NubNah Nfhghy;l; 1
5 M) 17fp 1
6 ,) Cu,Zn 1
7 ,) 1x10-11M 1
8 ,) ePh; 1
9 M) jz;L 1
10 M) gpl;A+l;lhp Rug;gp 1
11 m) [Pd; ghg;b];;l; yhkhh;f; 1
12 ,) ,e;jpah 1
13 Ftp nyd;R Fop nyd;R
1.ikaj;jpy; jbj;Jk; Xuj;jpy; 1. ikaj;jpy; nkype;Jk;>Xuj;jpy; 4x½=2
nkype;Jk; fhzg;gLk;. jbj;Jk; fhzg;gLk;.
2. ,J Ftpf;Fk; nyd;R 2. ,J tphpf;Fk; nyd;R
3. ngUk;ghYk; nka;g;gpk;gpq;fisj; 3. khag;gpk;gq;fisj; Njhw;Wtpf;Fk;
Njhw;Wtpf;Fk;
4. J}ug;ghh;it Fiwghl;il rhp 4. fpl;lg;ghh;it Fiwghl;il rhp
nra;ag; gad;gLfpwJ nra;ag; gad;gLfpwJ.
14 gUk tpjp ( rhh;y]; tpjp ): khwh mOj;jj;jpy; thAtpd; gUkd; >
mt;thAtpd; ntg;gepiyf;F Neh;jftpy; mikAk;. 2
V α T my;yJ V/T=khwpyp (1 kjpg;ngz;)
15 JU vd;gJ ePNuwpa /nghpf; Mf;irL mjd; Ntjptha;ghL Fe2O3.XH2O 1+1=2
16 1) mkpyk; kw;Wk; fhuj;jpw;F ,ilNaahd tpid eLepiyahf;fy; tpid
vdg;gLfpwJ. (rhp) 1
2) pH jhis xU fiurypy; eidf;Fk;nghOJ kQ;rshf khWfpwJ. vdNt
mf;fiury; fhuj;jd;ik nfhz;lJ. (jtW)
tpil : pH jhis xU fiurypy; eidf;Fk;nghOJ kQ;rshf khWfpwJ. 1
vdNt mf;fiury; mkpyj;jd;ik nfhz;lJ.
17 KaYf;F Nfhiug;gw;fs; fpilahJ. Kaypd; ntl;Lk; gw;fSf;Fk;>
Kd;filtha;g; gw;fSf;Fk; ,ilNaahd ,ilntspg;gFjp lah];Bkh 2
my;yJ gy; ,ilntsp vd miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
18 nghUj;Jf:
m) rpk;gpsh];l; top gpsh];Nkhnl];Nkl;lh
M) ePuhtpg;Nghf;F ,iy 2
,) M];kh]p]; rhpT mOj;j thl;lk;
<) Nth; mOj;jk; iryj;jpYs;s mOj;jk;
19 gpd; %isapd; ghfq;fs; : 1. rpW %is 2. ghd;]; 3. KFsk; 2

20 ];Nl[;(Nkil) : ];fpuhr;R rhsuj;ij jpwf;Fk;NghJ fpilf;Fk; gpd;dzp

epwk; nts;isahf ,Uf;Fk;. Njitg;gbd; gpd;dzp epwj;ij khw;wyhk;. 2
21 xfrhfp Jz;Lfs;
1. b.vd;.V ,ul;bg;ghjy; epfo;tpd;NghJ Nra; ,io njhlh;r;rpahd ,ioahf
cUthf;fg;gLfpwJ. 2
2. gpd;jq;fpa ,ioapy; b.vd;.V tpd; rpwpa gFjpfs; cUthf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
3. ,e;j rpwpa gFjpfs; xfrhfp Jz;Lfs; vd miof;fg;gLfpd;wd.
4. ,e;j Jz;Lfs; b.vd;.V ypNf]; nehjpahy; xd;wpizf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
22 tpidapd; NghJ epiw tO m = 2fpfp xspapd; jpirNtfk; C= 3x108kPtp-1 (fl;lha
tpdh)
Id;];Bd; epiw Mw;wy; rkd;ghL E=mC2
E= 2 x (3x108)2 = 2 x (9x1016) = 18 x1016J 2
nkhj;j epiw Mw;wy; E = 1.8x1017J (m) 18 x1016J
23 1.epA+l;ld; Kjy; tpjp : xt;nthU nghUSk; Gwtpir nray;glhj tiuapy;>
jkJ Xa;T epiyapNyh my;yJ rPuhf ,aq;fpf;nfhz;bUf;Fk; Neh;Nfhl;L 1
epiyapNyh njhlh;e;J ,Uf;Fk;.
,t;tpjp tpirapidAk;> nghUl;fspd; epiykj;ijAk; tpsf;FfpwJ.
2.epA+l;ld; ,uz;lhk; tpjp : nghUs; xd;wpd; kPJ nray;gLk; tpirahdJ
mg;nghUspd; ce;j khWghl;L tPjj;jpw;F Neh;j;jftpy; mikAk;. NkYk; 1
,e;j ce;j khWghL tpirapd; jpirapNyNa mikAk;. F= ma
,t;tpjp tpirapd; vz;kjpg;ig mstpl cjTfpwJ. vdNt ,ij
“tpirapd; tpjp” vd;Wk; miof;fyhk;.
3. epA+l;ld; %d;whk; tpjp : xt;nthU tpirf;Fk; rkkhd vjph; tpir
cz;L. tpirAk; > vjph; tpirAk; vg;NghJk; ,U NtW nghUs;fs; kPJ
nray;gLk;. FA = - FB ( v.fh: VNjDk; xd;W )
v.fh: 1. gwitfs; jkJ rpwFfspd; tpir (tpir)%yk; fhw;wpid fPNo
js;Sfpd;wd. fhw;whdJ mt;tpirf;F rkkhd tpirapid (vjph;tpir)
cUthf;fp gwitia NkNy gwf;f itf;fpwJ.
2. ePr;ry; tPuh; xUth; ePhpid ifahy; gpd;Nehf;fp js;Sjypd; %yk; 1
tpirapid Vw;gLj;Jfpwhh;. ePuhdJ me;egiu tpirf;F rkkhd vjph;tpir
nfhz;L Kd;Nd js;SfpwJ.
3. Jg;ghf;fp RLjypy; Fz;L> tpirAld; Kd;Ndhf;fp nry;y mjw;Fr;
rkkhd vjph;tpirapdhy; Fz;L ntbj;jgpd; Jg;ghf;fp gpd;Ndhf;fp efh;fpwJ.
24 LED kpd; tpsf;fpd; ed;ikfs;: ( VNjDk; ehd;F kl;Lk;)
1. LED y; kpd; ,ioapy;yhj fhuzj;jpdhy; ntg;g Mw;wy; ,og;G
Vw;gLtjpy;iy . kpd; ,io kpd; tpsf;iftpl Fiwe;j ntg;gepiyiaf;
nfhz;bUf;Fk;.
2. xspUk; kpd; ,io gy;Gld; xg;gpLk;NghJ ,J Fiwe;j jpwid EfUk;.
3. ,J Rw;Wr;#oYf;F ghjpg;ig Vw;gLj;jhJ. 4
4. gy epwq;fspy; ntspaPl;bidg; ngw;Wf;nfhs;s rhj;jpakhfpwJ.
5. kypT tpiy kw;Wk; Mw;wy; rpf;fdk;
6. ghjurk; kw;Wk; gpw er;Rg;nghUs;fs; gad;gLj;jg;gLtjpy;iy
25 i) tiuaW: uhz;l;[d; : xU uhz;l;[d; vd;gJ epiyahd; mOj;jk; >
ntg;gepiy> kw;Wk; <ug;gj epiyapy; 1fpNyhfpuhk; fhw;wpy; fjphpaf;fg;
-4 2
nghUshdJ 2.58 x10 $Yk; kpd;D}l;lq;fis cUthf;Fk; msthFk;.
ii) rhb kw;Wk; /g[d;]pd; ,lk;ngah;T tpjp:
fjphpaf;fj;jdpkk; xd;W xUα- Jfis ckpOk;NghJ mjd; epiw vz;zpy;
ehd;Fk;> mZ vz;zpy; ,uz;Lk; Fiwe;J Gjpa Nra; cl;fU cUthFk;.
2
fjphpaf;fj; jdpkk; xd;W β-Jfis ckpOk;NghJ mjd; epiw vz;zpy;
khwhkYk; > mZ vz;zpy; xd;W mjpfhpj;Jk; Gjpa Nra; cl;fU
cUthFk;.
26 mtfhl;Nuh tpjpapd; gad;ghLfs;; : (VNjDk; ehd;F kl;Lk;)
1. Nf-Y}rhf; tpjpapid tpthpf;fpwJ.
2. thAf;fspd; mZf;fl;L vz;izf; fzf;fpl cjTfpwJ.
3. mtfhl;Nuh tpjpapidg; gad;gLj;jp thAf;fspd; %yf;$W tha;g;ghl;il
fzf;fpl cjTfpwJ.
4. %yf;$W epiwf;Fk;> Mtp mlh;j;jpf;Fk; cs;s njhlh;ig tUtpf;f 4
cjTfpwJ.
5. midj;J thAf;fspd; fpuhk; Nkhyhh; gUkidf; (22.4 ypl;lh; jpl;l ntg;g
mOj;j epiyapy; )fzf;fpLtjpy; gad;gLfpwJ.
27 <uk; cwpQ;Rk; Nrh;kq;fs; <uk; cwpQ;rpf;fiuAk; Nrh;kq;fs;
1. rhjhuz ntg;gepiyapy; > 1. rhjhuz ntg;gepiyapy; >
tspkz;lyf;fhw;Wld; njhlh;G tspkz;lyf;fhw;Wld;
nfhs;Sk;NghJ mjpYs;s <uj;ij njhlh;Gnfhs;Sk;NghJ mjpYs;s
cwpQ;RfpwJ. Mdhy; fiutjpy;iy <uj;ij cwpQ;rpf;fiufpwJ.
2. tspkz;lyf;fhw;Wld; njhlh;G 2. tspkz;lyf;fhw;Wld; njhlh;G
nfhs;Sk;NghJ jd;Dila nfhs;Sk;NghJ jd;Dila 4
,aw;gpay; epiyia ,og;gjpy;iy ,aw;gpay; epiyia ,of;fpwJ
3. ,it gbf jpz;kq;fshf 3. ,it gbf cUtkw;w
kl;LNk fhzg;gLfpd;wd jpz;kq;fshfNth>jputq;fshfNth
fhzg;gLfpd;wd.
4. v.fh: Rl;l Rz;zhk;G> 4. v.fh: Nrhbak; i`l;uhf;irL>
rpypfhn[y; nghl;lhrpak; i`l;uhf;irL
28 Xspr;Nrh;f;if vd;gJ jw;rhh;G Cl;l caphpfshd > My;fhf;fs;> jhtuq;fs;>
gr;ira epwkpfisf; nfhz;l ghf;Bhpaq;fs; Nghd;wit #hpa Mw;wiyg; 2
gad;gLj;jp; jkf;F Ntz;ba czit jhNk jahhpj;Jf;nfhs;Sk;
epfo;rr
; pahFk;. xspr;Nrh;f;if rkd;ghL:
#hpaxsp
6CO2 + 12H2O −−−−→ C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O
gr;irak; 2

29 ,uj;jj;jpd; gzpfs;: (VNjDk; ehd;F kl;Lk;)

1) Rthr thAf;fisf; flj;JfpwJ.( Mf;rp[d; kw;Wk; fhh;gd;il Mf;irL)
2) nrhpkhdk; mile;j czTg;nghUl;fis midj;J nry;fSf;Fk;
flj;JfpwJ.
3) `hh;Nkhd;fisf; flj;JfpwJ.
4) iel;u[d; fopTg;nghUl;fshd mk;Nkhdpah> A+hpah>A+hpf; mkpyk; 4
Nghd;wtw;iwf; flj;Jfp;wJ.
5) Neha;j;jhf;FjypypUe;J cliyg; ghJfhf;fpwJ.
6) clypd; ntg;gepiy kw;Wk; pH - I xOq;FgLj;Jk; jhq;F Clfkhf
nray;gLfpwJ.
7) clypd; ePh;r;rkepiyiag; guhkhpf;fpwJ.
30 [pg;uy;ypd;fs; tho;tpay; tpisTfs;: (VNjDk; ehd;F kl;Lk;)
1. fZtpilg; gFjpapd; mrhjhuz ePl;rp : jhtuq;fspd; kPJ
[pg;uy;ypd;fisj; njspf;Fk;NghJ >mJ fZtpilg; gFjpapd; mrhjhuz
ePl;rpiaj; J}z;LfpwJ. v.fh: kf;fhr;Nrhsk;> gl;lhzp 4
2. Nghy;bq; : neUq;fpa ,iyaLf;fk; nfhz;l jhtuq;fspd; kPJ
[pg;uy;ypd;fisj; njspf;Fk;NghJ >jpBnud jz;L ePl;rpailtJk; > mjd;
njhlh;rr; pahf kyh;jYk; epfo;tjw;F Nghy;bq; vd;W ngah;.
 3. Mz; kyh;fs; cUthjiyj; J}z;Ljy;: ,U ghypdj; jhtuq;fspy;
(Xhpy;yj;jhtuq;fspy;) Mz; kyh;fs; cUthtijj; J}z;LfpwJ.
4. cwf;f epiyia ePf;Fjy; : [pg;uy;ypd;fs; cUisf; fpoq;fpd; cwf;f
epiyia ePf;fp Kisf;f itf;fpd;wd.
5. fUTwhf; fdpfis cUthf;Fjy; : tpijfsw;w fdpfisj; (fUTwhf;
fdpfs; -fUTWjy; eilngwhkNyNa fdpfs; cUthjy;) J}z;Ltjpy;
Mf;rpd;fistpl [pg;uy;ypd;fs; jpwd; kpf;fit. v.fh: jf;fhsp
31 mikg;G xj;j cWg;Gfs; nray; xj;j cWg;Gfs;
1. nghJthf Kd;Ndhh;fsplkpUe;J 1. ,it ntt;NtW tpjkhd
kuG topahf cUthd cWg;Gfs; Njhw;wk; cilait
2. ,tw;wpd; tsh;;r;rp Kiw xNu 2. ntt;NtW fU tsh;rr ; p
khjphpahf cs;sJ Kiwfisf; nfhz;Ls;sJ 4
3. ghh;f;f ntt;NtwhfTk;> 3. ,it ghh;f;f xNu khjphpahfTk;>
ntt;NtW gzpfis nra;tjw; - xNu khjphpahd gzpfisAk;
Nfw;gTk; jftikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ nra;fpd;wd.
4. v.fh: kdpjdpd; if> G+idapd; 4. ntsthypd; ,wf;if> gwitapd;
Kd;dq;fhy; > jpkpq;fyj;jpd; JLg;G ,wf;if kw;Wk; G+r;rpapd; ,wf;if
32 fhy;rpak; fhh;gNdl; ntg;gj;jhy; rpije;J fhy;rpak; Mf;irL kw;Wk;
fhh;gd;il Mf;irilj; jUfpwJ. vdNt ‘A’ MdJ fhy;rpak; fhh;gNdl;
kw;Wk; ‘B’ MdJ fhy;rpak; Mf;irL MFk;.
‘C’ vd;w thAit ePhpy; nrYj;Jk;NghJ mkpyj;jd;ikahf khWtjhy;
vd;gJ fhh;gd;il Mf;irL MFk;.
CaCO3 ⇨ CaO + CO2 CO2 + H2O ⇨ H2CO3
4
A B C C fhh;ghdpf; mkpyk;
Nrh;kk; ngah; %yf;$W tha;g;ghL
A fhy;rpak; fhh;gNdl; CaCO3
B fhy;rpak; Mf;irL CaO
C fhh;gd;il Mf;irL CO2

33(m) i) NtWgLj;Jf: ,ay;G thAf;fs;> ey;ypay;G thAf;fs; (%d;W kl;Lk;)

,ay;G thA ey;ypay;G thA
1. xU Fwpg;gpl;l fth;r;rp 1. xU Fwpg;gpl;l fth;r;rp
tpirapdhy; > xd;Nwhnlhd;W tpirapdhy; > xd;Nwhnlhd;W
,iltpid Ghpe;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; ,iltpid Ghpahky; ,Uf;Fk;
mZf;fs; my;yJ %yf;$Wfs; mZf;fs; my;yJ %yf;$Wfs;
mlq;fpa thAf;fs; mlq;fpa thAf;fs;
2. kpf mjpf msT ntg;gk; (m) 2.,ay;G thAit Fiwthd
kpff;Fiwe;j msT mOj;jj;jpy; mOj;jk; kw;Wk; cah;
,it ey;ypay;G thAf;fshf ntg;gepiyapy; ey;ypay;G thAthf 3
nray;gLk;. khWk;.
3. ghapy; tpjp> rhh;y]; tpjp > 3. ghapy; tpjp> rhh;y]; tpjp >
mtfhl;Nuh tpjpfSf;F cl;glhJ. mtfhl;Nuh tpjpfSf;F cl;gLk;
4. mZf;fs;(m) %yf;$WfSf;F 4. mZf;fs;(m) %yf;$WfSf;F
,ilNa fth;rr ; p tpir ,ilNa fth;rr ; p tpir typik
nray;gLtJ ,y;iy FiwT
 ii) fpl;lg;ghh;it> J}ug;ghh;it – NtWghL (VNjDk; ehd;F kl;Lk; )
fpl;lg;ghh;it J}ug;ghh;it
1 ,J ikNahgpah vd;W 1 ,J i`g;gh;nkl;Nuhgpah vd;W
miof;fg;gLfpwJ miof;fg;gLfpwJ
2 ,J tpopf;Nfhsk; rpwpJ ePz;L 2 ,J tpopf;Nfhsk; RUq;Ftjhy;
tpLtjhy; Vw;gLfpwJ Vw;gLfpwJ
3 tpop nyd;rpd; Ftpaj;J}uk; 3 tpop nyd;rpd; Ftpaj;J}uk;
Fiwtjhy; Vw;gLfpwJ mjpfhpg;gjhy; Vw;gLfpwJ
4 njhiytpy; cs;s nghUl;fis 4 mUfpy; cs;s nghUl;fis
fhzKbahJ fhzKbahJ 4
5 tpopnyd;rpw;Fk; > tpopj;jpiuf;Fk; 5 tpopnyd;rpw;Fk; > tpopj;jpiuf;Fk;
,ilNa cs;s njhiyT ,ilNa cs;s njhiyT
mjpfhpg;gjhy; Vw;gLfpwJ Fiwtjhy; Vw;gLfpwJ
6 Nra;ikg;Gs;spahdJ 6 mz;ikg;Gs;spahdJ
mz;ikg;Gs;spia Nehf;fp Nra;ikg;Gs;spia Nehf;fp
efh;fpwJ efh;fpwJ
7 njhiytpy; cs;s nghUl;fspd; 7 mUfpy; cs;s nghUl;fspd;
gpk;gq;fs; tpopj;jpiuf;F Kd;ghf gpk;gq;fs; tpopj;jpiuf;F mg;ghy;
cUthf;fg;gLfpd;wd cUthf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
8 Fop nyd;ir gad;gLj;Jtjd; 8 Ftpnyd;irg; gad;gLj;Jtjd;
%yk; ,f;Fiwghl;il %yk; ,f;Fiwghl;il
rhpnra;ayhk; rhpnra;ayhk;.
33(M) i)vjpnuhyp vd;why; vd;d?
xyp miyfs; Rth;fs; > Nkw;$iufs;> kiyfs; Nghd;wtw;wpd; gug;Gfspy; 2
Nkhjp gpujpgypf;fg;gLk; epfo;Nt vjpnuhyp MFk;.
ii) vjpnuhyp Nfl;gjw;fhd ,uz;L epge;jidfisf; $Wf?
1. vOg;gg;gLk; xypf;Fk; > vjpnuhypf;Fk; ,ilNa fhy ,ilntsp 0.1
tpehbfs; ,Uf;fNtz;Lk;. 2
2. vjpnuhyp Nfl;f Ntz;Lkhdy; Fiwe;j gl;r njhiythdJ fhw;wpy;
xypapd; jpirNtfj;jpd; kjpg;gpy; 1/20 gFjpahf ,Uf;fNtz;Lk; .
3. xypapd; jpirNtfk; fhw;wpy; 344 kP.tp-1 vdpy; vjpnuhyp Nfl;gjw;fhd
Fiwe;j gl;rj;njhiyT 17.2kP MFk;.
iii) vjpnuhypapd; kUj;Jt gad;fisf; $Wf.
vjpnuhypj; jj;Jtk; kfg;Ngwpay; Jiwapy; my;l;uh Nrhdh fpuhgp fUtpapy;
gad;gLfpwJ. ,ijg; gad;gLj;jp jhapd; fUg;igapy; cs;s fUtpd; 1
tsh;r;rpapid Muha;e;jwpag; gad;gLfpwJ.
iv)vjpnuhypiag; gad;gLj;jp xypapd; jpirNtfj;ijf; fhz;f.
jpirNtfk; = xyp fle;j njhiyT / gut vLj;Jf;nfhz;l fhyk; 2
v = 2d / t
34(m)
i)

4
34 vz; Nrh;kk; tif %yf;$W tha;g;ghL
(m)ii) 1 Gug;Ngd;(C3H8) epiwTw;w Nrh;kk; CH3-CH2-CH3
(tisakw;w mypghl;bf;
Nrh;kk;) 3
2 ngd;rPd;(C6H6) epiwTwH Nrh;kk;
(fhh;Ngh tisa
mNuhNkl;bf; Nrh;kk;)

34 i) gbthpirr;Nrh;kq;fs; : xNu nghJthd %yf;$W tha;;g;ghl;ilAk;> xj;j

(M) Ntjpg;gz;GfisAk; nfhz;l xNu njhFjp my;yJ xNu tifapy; cs;s 2
fhpkr;Nrh;kq;fis gbthpirr; Nrh;kq;fs; vd;fpNwhk;.
gbthpirr;Nrh;kq;fspd; gz;Gfs;: (VNjDk; %d;W kl;Lk;)
1.xU gb thpirapYs;s mLj;jLj;j Nrh;kq;fs; nkj;jpyPd; CH2 vd;w nghJ
NtWghl;bYk;> %yf;$W epiw 14 amu (mZepiw myfpYk;) NtWgLfpwJ.
2. xU gbthpirapYs;s midj;J Nrh;kq;fSk;> xNu tif
jdpkq;fisAk;> tpidr;nray; njhFjpfisAk; ngw;wpUf;Fk;. 3
3.xU gbthpirapYs;s midj;J Nrh;kq;fisAk; xNu nghJtha;ghl;bdhy;
Fwpg;gpl ,aYk;. v.fh : my;Nfd;fs; CnH2n+2 .
4. %yf;$Wepiwapd; mjpfhpg;igg; nghWj;J Nrh;kq;fspd; ,aw;gz;Gfs;
xOq;fhd Kiwapy; khWfpd;wd.
5. vy;;yhr; Nrh;kq;fSk;> xj;j Ntjp tpidfspy; <LgLfpd;wd.
6. vy;yhr; Nrh;kq;fisAk; xNu Kiwapy; jahhpf;f ,aYk;.
ii) v];luhf;Fjy; tpid
My;f`hy; > fhh;ghf;rpypf; mkpyj;Jld; tpidGhpe;J cUthd Nrh;kk;
v];lh;(gor;rhwpd; kzk; nfhz;lJ) vdg;gLfpwJ. ,e;j tpid
v];luhf;Fjy; vdg;gLk;. 2
vj;jdhy; > vj;jdhapf; mkpyj;Jld; mlh; H2SO4 Kd;dpiyapy; vj;jpy;
vj;jNdhNal; vd;w v];liuj;jUfpwJ.
CON H2SO 4
C2H5OH + CH3COOH CH3COOC2H5 + H2O
vj;jdhy; vj;jdhapf; vj;jpy; vj;jNdhNal;
mkpyk;
35(m)
i) kUj;Jtj;Jiwapy; caphpj;njhopy; El;gtpaypd; Kf;fpaj;Jtk;.
1. ,uj;j rh;f;fiu Neha; rpfpr;irf;fhd ,d;Rypd; jahhpf;f.
2. tsh;r;rp FiwghLs;s Foe;ijfspd; Fiwghl;bid ePf;Fk; kdpj
tsh;r;rp `hh;Nkhd;fs; cw;gj;jpapy;
3. `PNkhgpypah vd;w ,uj;j ciwjy; Fiwghl;L Neha;f;fl;Lg;ghl;bw;fhd 5
‘,uj;j ciwjy; fhuzpfs;’ jahhpg;gpy;
4. jpR gpsh];kpNdh[d; J}z;b (,uj;jk; ciwjiyj; jLf;Fk; fhuzp)
,uj;jf;fl;bfisf;; fiuj;J ,ja milg;igj; jtph;f;f cjTfpwJ.
5. n`g;ghbb]; B kw;Wk; ntwpeha;f;fb(Nugp];) Nehiaj;jLf;Fk;
jLg;G+rpfs; jahhpg;gpy;

ii)iyrpd; vd;w mkpNdh mkpyk; nrwpe;j fyg;gpd kf;fhr;Nrhs ufq;fshd

2
GNuhl;bdh > rf;jp kw;Wk; uj;dh
 35(M) i) kz;zhpg;ig jLf;Fk; Kiwfs;: (VNjDk; Ie;J kl;Lk;)
1.jhtug;gug;ig epiy epWj;jpf; nfhs;tjd; %yk; kz;zhpg;igj; jLf;fyhk;.
2.fhy;eilfspd; mjpfkhd Nka;rr ; iyf; fl;Lg;gLj;Jtjd; %yk; kz;
mhpg;ig jLf;fyhk;.
3.gaph; Row;rp kw;Wk; kz;ts Nkyhz;ik %yk; kz;zpy;
fhpkg;nghUs;fspd; msit Nkk;gLj;jyhk;. 5
4.epyg;gug;gpy; XLk; ePhpid ePh;g;gpbg;G gFjpfspy; Nrkpg;gjd; %yk; kz;
mhpg;igj; jLf;fyhk;.
5.fhLfs; cUthf;fk;> kiyfspy; epyj;ij rkg;gLj;Jjy;> ePNuhl;lj;jpw;F
vjph;jj
; pirapy; kz; cOjy; Mfpait %yk; kz; mhpg;igj; jLf;fyhk;.
6. fhw;wpd; Ntfj;ij kl;Lg;gLj;j mjpf gug;gpy; kuq;fis eLtjd; %yk;
(ghJfhg;G mLf;F) kz; mhpg;igj; jLf;fyhk;.

ii) kz;zhpg;gpw;fhd fhuzpfs;: 1.mjpNtfkhf tPRk; fhw;W 2. ngUnts;sk;

3. epyr;rhpT 4. kdpjhpd; eltbf;iffs; (Ntshz;ik> fhlopg;G> Ruq;fq;fs;
Vw;gLj;Jjy; 5. fhy;eilfspd; mjpf Nka;rr
; y; 2

e.nrz;gfNfhghy;
gl;ljhhp Mrphpah;(mwptpay;)
=gukfy;ahzp Nky;epiyg;gs;sp
Mo;thh;Fwpr;rp

Njhuha tpilf;Fwpg;G (ghh;itf;F kl;Lk;)