CORE GEOLOGY
VISHNU PALVAI IFS AIR3,CSE292
Indian Stratigraphy
• Indian stratigraphy is nothing but Indian geological history.
• The geological history is well preserved in the sedimentary rocks sequences spread across the
length and breadth of the country.
• As stratigraphy involves study of sedimentary rocks which are deposited layer by layer in
geological time, structures associated with sedimentary rocks like unconformities, on lap and
down lap play a huge role in understanding the stratigraphic sequences
• To study the seemingly incoherent rock sequences or stratigraphic sequences)we classify/
group the rocks based on certain parameters like lithostratigraphic (based on rock
composition), chronostratigraphic(based on time ),magneto stratigraphic (based on similarity
of magnetic properties of rocks ) and biostratigraphic (based on fossil evidences)
• Once we are clear this stratigraphic classi cation we go on to study indian stratigraphic
sequences with precambrian rocks , which are economically very important. In these
sequences fossils don't play a much role as they are very scarce
• However as we come to Phanerozoic rocks the role of fossils play a huge role , hence the topic
is titles Phanerozoic rocks of India with reference to fauna, ora.
• In the geological history, there are events like Cambrian explosion of life, extinction of jurassic
reptiles etc ,Mass extinctions etc these events are crucial thus are marked a boundaries in
geological time scale. The rocks sequences deposited during this events are studied under
Major boundary problems- Cambrian/Precambrian, Permian/Triassic, Cretaceous/Tertiary
and Pliocene/Pleistocene
• As we studying geological history, we also go on to explore past climate,palaeo geography
and igenous activities in deep time, which are also to our amusement inferred just from
studying stratigraphic sequences !!
• We know that Indian geology is product of Geological events shaping the country through
volcanism, plate boundary interactions etc which is covered under Tectonic framework of
India; Evolution of the Himalayas.
References
• IGNOU
• Professor biswal IIT bombay lectures https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLRFsXLaFH0Z-
YvZnp7kRsL3UUN4FXHA6C
Suggestions
• Very good and comprehensive source is available in IGNOU
• Professor Biswal sir lectures are of high quality (apparently his lectures are used to used as
reference to create geology syllabus in colleges). Go through his lectures very enriching not
only for this unit but also for other units as well
• Memorise all the stratigraphic tables, they fetch very high marks ,60 marks worth questions are
answered and if we write tables in every answer, we are sure to get nearly 50 marks
• Write rock and fossils found in a stratigraphic sequence very generically no need for minute
details
• Do the Gondwana ora and siwalik fauna along with this chapter
• Boundary problems are easy fetch.
• Stick to previous years questions and do them without compromise.
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